Relevant bibliographies by topics / Border lesions

Academic literature on the topic 'Border lesions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Border lesions"

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Nurrachman, Aga Satria, Farina Pramanik, Azhari Azhari, and Lusi Epsilawati. "Gambaran border dan periosteal reaction lesi rahang pada radiograf." Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v4i1.477.

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Objectives: Understanding the differences of general signs and typical characteristics of a lesion in radiograph is constantly important for dentists to determine the nature of a lesion. Some signs that can be observed more specifically were the presence of periosteal reaction and the border of existing lesions. These differences may be taken into consideration to define the diagnosis and type of the lesion. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the radiographic features of periosteal reaction and border in jaw lesions. Literature Review: This article is a literature review which discussed several articles relating to the radiographic features of border and periosteal reaction in various jaw lesions. Based on this review, there were different features of border, where each lesion had its own borderline that differs between cystic, benign and malignant properties. While the picture of periosteal reaction indicates the extent to which the lesion involves cortical tissue in the bone. Conclusion: The conclusion is that the border image and periosteal reaction can be one of the typical markers in determining jaw lesions.
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Levick, W. R., and L. N. Thibos. "Neurophysiology of central retinal degeneration in cat." Visual Neuroscience 10, no. 3 (May 1993): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800004715.

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AbstractReceptive fields of ganglion cells have been studied in cats possessing a chronic, arrested lesion of central retinal degeneration. Lesions were characterized by an ophthalmoscopically sharp border separating apparently normal retina from the region of the lesion. Under direct ophthalmoscopic guidance, a succession of recordings was obtained from ganglion cells having cell bodies at various positions relative to the lesion. Cells located more than 1 deg outside the ophthalmoscopic border had normal visual sensitivity as assessed by area-threshold experiments. Inside the lesion cells within 1 deg of the border had reduced sensitivity which often precluded functional classification by the usual visual tests. Ganglion cells located more than 1 deg inside the border of large lesions were blind and some had abnormal patterns of maintained discharge of action potentials. Nevertheless, the antidromic latencies of these blind cells fell into the familiar conduction groups (T1/T2/T3). Receptive-field maps of cells near the border of the lesion often appeared truncated, with the missing portion of the field covered by the lesion. These observations were consistent with the abnormal form of area-thresholdcurves. Altlhough the responsiveness of cells near the lesion was abnormally low for grating stimuli, cutoff spatial frequency and orientation bias of these cells were within normal limits.
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Yang, HA, MW Sweetingham, and WA Cowling. "The leaf infection process and resistance to Pleiochaeta setosa in three lupin species." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 5 (1996): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9960787.

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In field experiments in Western Australia, Lupinus albus cv. Kiev Mutant was very susceptible, L. angustifolius cv. Yorrel was susceptible, and L. luteus cv. Motiv 369 was resistant to brown spot caused by Pleiochaeta setosa. The process of leaf infection by P. setosa was examined on these 3 Lupinus species and cultivars. Field infection occurred on young plants almost exclusively on the lower side of leaves from conidia splashed from the soil. More conidia per cm2 leaf surface were deposited on Kiev Mutant than on Yorrel or Motiv 369. In humid chambers at 15�C, 94-98% of conidia germinated on all species after 24 h. On all species, appressorial formation began 6 h after inoculation, but fewer appressoria were formed on Motiv 369 (27% of germinated conidia) than on the other 2 species (average 55%) after 24 h. Leaf penetration was directly through the cuticle via appressoria with few stomata1 penetrations. Efficiency of lesion formation (expressed as the number of lesions produced per 100 conidia deposited) was greater on Kiev Mutant and Yorrel (8.3 and 7.2%) than on Motiv 369 (2.3%). More lesions per cm2 leaf area were produced on Kiev Mutant (2.4) than on Yorrel (0.7) or Motiv 369 (0.3), but average lesion size was similar in each variety. Lesions expanded from 200-250 8m at 3 days to > 500 8m radius at 16 days after inoculation. During lesion expansion, P. setosa hyphae grew 50-200 8m beyond the border of necrotic lesions on Kiev Mutant, remained at the border of lesions on Yorrel, and were 100-200 8m inside the border of lesions on Motiv 369. Lesions on the susceptible cultivars Kiev Mutant and Yorrel (but not Motiv 369) were surrounded by a large chlorotic halo up to 2 mm from the outside necrotic lesion border. More lesions per cm2 leaf area were required to cause defoliation in Motiv 369 than in Kiev Mutant and Yorrel. Brown spot resistance in Motiv 369 is expressed as a reduction in defoliation. This appears to result from reduced attachment of conidia, reduced efficiency of infection and lesion formation, restricted growth of mycelia in lesions, reduced chlorosis, and delayed leaf senescence. Fewer conidia were produced on defoliated leaves of Motiv 369 in field plots.
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Shaw, Robert K., Jennifer Cleary, Michael S. Murphy, Gad Frankel, and Stuart Knutton. "Interaction of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with Human Intestinal Mucosa: Role of Effector Proteins in Brush Border Remodeling and Formation of Attaching and Effacing Lesions." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 2 (February 2005): 1243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.2.1243-1251.2005.

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ABSTRACT Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains deliver effector proteins Tir, EspB, Map, EspF, EspH, and EspG into host cells to induce brush border remodeling and produce attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions on small intestinal enterocytes. In this study, the role of individual EPEC effectors in brush border remodeling and A/E lesion formation was investigated with an in vitro human small intestinal organ culture model of EPEC infection and specific effector mutants. tir, map, espB, and espH mutants produced “footprint” phenotypes due to close bacterial adhesion but subsequent loss of bacteria; an espB mutant and other type III secretion system mutants induced a “noneffacing footprint” associated with intact brush border microvilli, whereas a tir mutant was able to efface microvilli resulting in an “effacing footprint”; map and espH mutants produced A/E lesions, but loss of bacteria resulted in a “pedestal footprint.” An espF mutant produced typical A/E lesions without associated microvillous elongation. An espG mutant was indistinguishable from the wild type. These observations indicate that Tir, Map, EspF, and EspH effectors play a role in brush border remodeling and production of mature A/E lesions.
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Hamed Jafari, Seyed, Mohammad Reza Sasani, Mohammad Javad Athari, Amin Dehdashtian, and Fereshte Bagheri. "Correlation of CT-scan findings of lung lesions and pathologic diagnosis." Journal of Lung, Pulmonary & Respiratory Research 6, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00210.

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Background: we aimed to evaluate the features of lung nodules and masses in Ct scan that help to distinguish malignant lesions from benign ones. Method: The study was performed on 50 pulmonary lesions biopsied at the Shahid Faghih Hospital by an interventional radiologist. CT scan findings were evaluated by a radiologist and compared with pathologic outcomes. Data was entered into SPSS software and by Descriptive statistical methods of frequency and Roc curve analysis and Chi-squared test and T-test at the level of alpha 0.05 was analyzed. Results: The relationship between smoking and malignancy was determined in this study. There was no significance found in mean age and sex, lesion density and enhancement of benign and malignant nodules. Smooth border was mostly seen in benign lesions and lobulated and spiculated borders in malignant lesions. Popcorn calcification was in favor of benignity and calcification in periphery of lesion was in favor of malignancy. Cavity was mostly seen in benign lesions Conclusion: smoking and the spiculated or lobulated margins, calcification in the periphery of the lesion were associated with malignant lesions, and the smooth margin and popcorn calcification and cavity formation were mostly seen in benign lesions. Enhancement showed no significance.
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Alam, SK, EJ Feleppa, Mark Rondeau, A. Kalisz, and BS Garra. "Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Solid Breast Lesions Using an Ultrasonic Multi-Feature Analysis Procedure." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics 4, no. 1 (April 19, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14672.

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We have developed a family of quantitative descriptors in order to provide noninvasive, reliable means of distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions. These include acoustic descriptors (“echogenicity,” “heterogeneity,” “shadowing”) and morphometric descriptors (“area,” “aspect ratio,” “border irregularity,” “margin definition”). These quantitative descriptors are designed to be independent of instrument properties and physician expertise. Our analysis included manual tracing of lesion boundaries and adjacent areas on grayscale images generated from RF data. To derive quantitative acoustic features, we computed spectral-parameter maps of radio-frequency (RF) echo signals (using a sliding-window Fourier analysis) of the lesion and adjacent areas. We quantified morphometric features by geometric and fractal analysis of traced lesion boundaries. Although no single parameter can reliably discriminate cancerous from non-cancerous breast lesions, multi-feature analysis provides excellent discrimination of cancerous and non-cancerous lesions. Our analysis of data acquired during routine ultrasonic examination of 130 biopsy-scheduled patients produced a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.947±0.045. Lesion-margin definition, spiculation, and border irregularity were the most useful among the quantitative descriptors; some morphometric features (such as border irregularity) also were particularly effective in lesion classification. Our results are consistent with many of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) breast-lesion-classification criteria in use today. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14672 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.4 No.1 2011 1-10
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Rosca, Elena Cecilia, and Mihaela Simu. "Border zone brain lesions due to neurotrichinosis." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 67 (February 2018): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2017.12.011.

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Petruzzi, Massimo, Fedora della Vella, Guglielmo Campus, Dario Di Stasio, and Dorina Lauritano. "Lingual Lichenoid Lesion Due to Dental Amalgam Fillings: Case Report and Clinical Considerations." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 12895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412895.

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Oral white lesions are quite common clinical conditions in clinical dental practice. They can be an expression of different diseases, so it is crucial to achieve a correct diagnosis to start an adequate treatment. However, differential diagnosis is not always easy because the clinical appearance of oral white lesions is often similar and non-pathognomonic. We report on a 42-year-old Caucasian woman who complained of a chronic white patch on the left border of her tongue. A provisional diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia was made, but the patient was HIV-negative and not immunocompromised. A patch test was performed to exclude an allergic reaction, which resulted negative. Two large amalgam fillings were removed, and the lesion regressed after two weeks, suggesting a diagnosis of oral lichenoid lesions. Amalgam-associated oral lichenoid lesions could be mistaken for hairy leukoplakia when located on the lateral border of the tongue. Patch tests for dental metal series are only sometimes helpful for a diagnosis of oral lichenoid lesions. Patients should follow a careful follow-up to monitor any neoplastic derailment of the lichenoid lesions.
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SCHULZ, Ricardo Teles, Lizandra Castilho FABIO, Matheus Cavalcante FRANCO, Sheila A. SIQUEIRA, Paulo SAKAI, and Fauze MALUF-FILHO. "Predictive features for histology of gastric subepithelial lesions." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 54, no. 1 (March 2017): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.2017v54n1-02.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Gastric subepithelial lesion is a relatively common diagnosis after routine upper endoscopy. The diagnostic workup of an undetermined gastric subepithelial lesion should take into consideration clinical and endoscopic features. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between patients' characteristics, endoscopic and echographic features with the histologic diagnosis of the gastric subepithelial lesions. METHODS This is a retrospective study with 55 patients, who were consecutively diagnosed with gastric subepithelial lesions, from October 2008 to August 2011. Patients' characteristics, endoscopic and echografic features of each gastric subepithelial lesion were analysed. Histologic diagnosis provided by EUS-guided fine needle aspiration or endoscopic/surgical resection was used as gold standard. RESULTS The probability of gastrointestinal stromal tumors to be located in the cardia was low (4.5%), while for leiomyoma it was high (>95%). In addition, there was a higher risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in patients older than 57 years (OR 8.9; 95% CI), with lesions ≥21 mm (OR 7.15; 95% CI), located at 4th layer (OR 18.8; 95% CI), with positive Doppler sign (OR 9; 95% CI), and irregular outer border (OR 7.75; 95% CI). CONCLUSION The location of gastric subepithelial lesions in the gastric cardia lowers the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. While gastric subepithelial lesions occurring in elderly patients, located in the gastric body, with positive Doppler signal and irregular outer border increase the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
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Güngörmüş, Metin, and H. Murat Akgül. "Central Giant cell Granuloma of the Jaws: A Clinical and Radiologic Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 3 (2003): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-3-87.

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Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is to present the clinical and radiological features of 27 cases of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws. Materials and Methods This study was carried out on 27 cases diagnosed as CGCG, ranging in age from 8 to 70 years. The patient's age, sex, location of the lesion, expansion caused by the lesion, and greatest diameter were evaluated. Radiographs and radiological descriptions were studied for the features of border definition, radiopacity, locularity, root resorption, tooth displacement, and tooth association. Data were analyzed with Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U-test, and the Student t-test. Results It was determined 89% of CGCG occurred prior to the age of 40. Seventy-eight percent of the cases were females. In addition, it was observed that these lesions occurred primarily in the mandible mostly anterior to the molar region. It was determined most of the lesions were multilocular. Unilocular lesions averaged 23.75 mm and multilocular lesions were 53.00 mm. In 24 (89%) cases regular borders were seen, and in three cases diffuse borders were observed. There was bone expansion in 44% of the cases. The cases with bone expansion were 60.00 mm in average size, and the cases without bone expansion were 24.00 mm in average size. Seventy-eight percent of lesions were associated with teeth, and there was tooth displacement in 43% of these lesions. The lesions with tooth displacement were 18.33 mm in average size, and the lesions without tooth displacement were 44.00 mm in average size. Conclusions It was determined there is a significant correlation between the locularity, tooth displacement, and bone expansion with the size of the CGCG. Citation Güngörmüs M, Akgül HM. Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Jaws: A Clinical and Radiologic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 August;(4)3:087-097.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Border lesions"

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FRANCESCHINI, FABIO GIULIO. "Correlazioni esistenti tra parodontologia e medicina orale. Lesioni delle mucose orali versus malattia parodontale. Aspetti diagnostici e terapeutici." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19339.

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Our study describes the relationship between periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesions. At first we analysed classification criteria of oral lesions in order to provide a point of reference for an adequate description. In a second time we started to describe periodontal disease, that is a common pathology all over the world with high costs for therapy and rehabilitations. Also classification of periodontal disease is important, because there are different types of disease, with various clinical aspects. We used the AAP (American Academy of Periodontology) classification of 1999, that reports: gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, periodontitis related to systemic diseases, necrotizing periodontitis, periodontal abscess, periodontitis associated to endodontic lesions, acquired and developed deformities and conditions. In the second part we described oral mucosal lesions, starting with infective diseases on the basis of etiologic agents: bacterial, viral (with viral neoplasms), fungal, parasitic and syphilitic lesions. In the third part we described autoimmune lesions, in particular the erythema multiform. In the fourth part we analysed the neoplastic and pre-neoplastic diseases, in particular squamous cell carcinoma and leukoplakia. Fifth section is dedicated to “border lesions”, because they are studied both in periodontology and oral medicine. These diseases are the desquamative gingivitis, lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus, linear IgA disease, chronic ulcerative stomatitis and epulid.
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Lindholm, Tomas. "On traumatic lesions to the spinal cord and dorsal spinal roots : factors influencing axonal regrowth across the border between the central and peripheral nervous system in rat and man /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-163-2.

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Cleary, Jennifer. "High resolution imaging of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) interactions with intestinal brush border cells : initial attachment and cytoskeletal alterations during attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion formation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413134.

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Yan, Li [Verfasser]. "Changes in pre- and postsynaptic function during the phase of enhanced long-term synaptic plasticity at the border of focal lesions in rat visual cortex = Änderungen der prä- und postsynaptischen Funktion in der Phase verstärkter synaptischer Plastizität im Randbereich von fokalen Läsionen im visuellen Kortex der Ratte / Li Yan." 2007. http://d-nb.info/989021572/34.

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Books on the topic "Border lesions"

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Anderson, Robert H., Nigel A. Brown, Simon D. Bamforth, Bill Chaudhry, Deborah J. Henderson, and Timothy J. Mohun. Development of the outflow tract. Edited by José Maria Pérez-Pomares, Robert G. Kelly, Maurice van den Hoff, José Luis de la Pompa, David Sedmera, Cristina Basso, and Deborah Henderson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757269.003.0023.

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The definitive cardiac outflow tracts have three components: the intra-pericardial arterial trunks, the arterial roots, and the ventricular outflow tracts. Improved correlations between normal development and cardiac malformations can be obtained by analysing the developing outflow tract in tripartite fashion with proximal, intermediate, and distal components. When first seen, the walls of the entire outflow tract express myocardial markers. With ongoing development, the distal border regresses away from the edges of the pericardial cavity. Subsequently, the distal outflow tract becomes the intra-pericardial arterial trunks, with a protrusion from the dorsal wall of the aortic sac forming the aortopulmonary septum. The arterial valves form in the intermediate part of the outflow tract. The proximal part eventually becomes transformed into the ventricular outflow tracts, with muscularization of the proximal cushions producing the right ventricular infundibulum. This approach provides rational explanations for the congenital lesions involving the different parts of the outflow tracts.
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Scheel, John R., and Diana L. Lam. Enhancing Mass on MRI. Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0032.

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The ACR BI-RADS Atlas defines a “mass” on MRI as a space-occupying lesion with convex borders. Masses are characterized by their morphology and their internal enhancement characteristics. Mass morphology descriptor categories include shape (oval, round, irregular), margins (circumscribed, irregular, spiculated), and internal enhancement (homogeneous, heterogeneous, rim enhancement, dark internal septations). Suspicious morphology descriptors of MRI masses include irregular shape, irregular or spiculated margins, and heterogeneous internal enhancement. This chapter, appearing in the section on asymmetry, mass, and distortion, reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols, differential diagnoses, and management recommendations for an enhancing mass on MRI. Topics discussed include characteristics of benign and malignant masses, classic benign masses, and enhancement curve assessment.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Distal Arm Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0015.

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Distal arm weakness may be caused by involvement of the intrinsic hand muscles (interossi, thenar and hypothenar muscles, lumbricals) or extrinsic hand muscles (long finger flexors and extensors). ALS is typical for the former type, and IBM is typical for the latter type. Incoordination of skilled finger movement due to cerebellar disease is associated with normal strength. Poor mobility due to joints pain and swelling should not be confused with muscle weakness. Mononeuropathies such as ulnar, radial, median, and AIN,lesions usually cause differential loss of function. Myasthenia sometimes causes weakness of the wrist and finger extensors. A small but distinct group of distal hereditary myopathies should always be borne in mind. Progressive sensorimotor neuropathies are usually associated with sensory symptoms. Multifocal motor neuropathy can be a diagnostic challenge.
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Nithikathkul, Choosak, Prasert Saichua, Louis Royal, and John H. Cross. Capillariosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0065.

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Capillaria species are members of the superfamily Trichinelloidae. These worms have a filamentous thin anterior end and a slightly thicker oesophagus which is surrounded by glandular cells or stichocytes. This oesophageal pattern is called stichosomal oesophagus. Capillaria species are parasites which are found in many vertebrate animals. More than two hundred species have been reported in several vertebrate species, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals (Cross 1992; Chitwood et al. 1968), but only three species infect humans. These are Capillaria hepatica , C. aerophila and C. philippinensis (McCarthy and Moore 2000). Of these intestinal capillariosis, a fish-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by C. philippinensis , is the most important. Humans acquire the parasite, C. philippinensis, by eating uncooked or raw freshwater fish (Cross and Basaca-Sevilla 1991). The disease is endemic mainly in Philippines and Thailand where there are many reported fatalities.Although C . hepatica is found in rodents worldwide, only a few cases of hepatic capillariosis have been reported in humans from Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America. The infection is acquired by the ingestion of embryonated eggs from the soil. Female worms deposit eggs in the liver tissue and granulomas develop around the egg. The eggs are released after the rodent is eaten and the liver digested. Eggs pass in the faeces and are deposited in the soil where they embryonate. Avoidance of contaminated soil would prevent human infection and destruction of rodents would control animal infections.Only 12 cases of human infection caused by Capillaria aerophila have been reported, the majority from Russia. The parasite is found within tissue of the respiratory passages of canines and felines worldwide.Anatrichosoma cutaneum (Nematoda, Trichosomoididae), also included in this chapter, is primarily a subcutaneous parasite of monkeys, but there are two reports of cutaneous infections in humans resulting in serpiginous lesions in the skin of the soles, palms, and nasal passages. In addition there is a further suspected case isolated from a breast nodule and a possible case of mucosal lesions in the mouth reported. Whole monkey colonies can be infected with this parasite and control is difficult.
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Shaw, Pamela, and David Hilton-Jones. The lower cranial nerves and dysphagia. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0429.

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Disorders affecting the lower cranial nerves – V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (accessory) and XII (hypoglossal) – are discussed in the first part of this chapter. The clinical neuroanatomy of each nerve is described in detail, as are disorders – often in the form of lesions – for each nerve.Trigeminal nerve function may be affected by supranuclear, nuclear, or peripheral lesions. Because of the wide anatomical distribution of the components of the trigeminal nerve, complete interruption of both the motor and sensory parts is rarely observed in practice. However, partial involvement of the trigeminal nerve, particularly the sensory component, is relatively common, the main symptoms being numbness and pain. Reactivation of herpes zoster in the trigeminal nerve (shingles) can cause pain and a rash. Trigeminal neuralgia and sensory neuropathy are also discussed.Other disorders of the lower cranial nerves include Bell’s palsy, hemifacial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Cavernous sinus, Tolosa–Hunt syndrome, jugular foramen syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis are caused by the involvement of more than one lower cranial nerve.Difficulty in swallowing, or dysphagia, is a common neurological problem and the most important consequences include aspiration and malnutrition (Wiles 1991). The process of swallowing is a complex neuromuscular activity, which allows the safe transport of material from the mouth to the stomach for digestion, without compromising the airway. It involves the synergistic action of at least 32 pairs of muscles and depends on the integrity of sensory and motor pathways of several cranial nerves; V, VII, IX, X, and XII. In neurological practice dysphagia is most often seen in association with other, obvious, neurological problems. Apart from in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, it is relatively rare as a sole presenting symptom although occasionally this is seen in motor neurone disease, myasthenia gravis, and inclusion body myositis. Conversely, in general medical practice, there are many mechanical or structural disorders which may have dysphagia as the presenting feature. In some of the disorders, notably motor neurone disease, both upper and lower motor neurone dysfunction may contribute to the dysphagia. Once dysphagia has been identified as a real or potential problem, the patient should undergo expert evaluation by a clinician and a speech therapist, prior to any attempt at feeding. Videofluoroscopy may be required. If there is any doubt it is best to achieve adequate nutrition through the use of a fine-bore nasogastric tube and to periodically reassess swallowing. Anticholinergic drugs may be helpful to reduce problems with excess saliva and drooling that occur in patients with neurological dysphagia, and a portable suction apparatus may be helpful. Difficulty in clearing secretions from the throat may be helped by the administration of a mucolytic agent such as carbocisteine or provision of a cough assist device.
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Book chapters on the topic "Border lesions"

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Khademi, April, Farhang Sahba, Anastasios Venetsanopoulos, and Sridhar Krishnan. "Region, Lesion and Border-Based Multiresolution Analysis of Mammogram Lesions." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 802–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02611-9_79.

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Sabouri, Peyman, Hamid GholamHosseini, and John Collins. "Border Detection of Skin Lesions on a Single System on Chip." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 465–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7262-5_53.

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Jadhav, Ashwin R., Arun G. Ghontale, and Vimal K. Shrivastava. "Segmentation and Border Detection of Melanoma Lesions Using Convolutional Neural Network and SVM." In Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume I, 97–108. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1132-1_8.

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Gálvez, Akemi, Iztok Fister, Iztok Fister, Eneko Osaba, Javier Del Ser, and Andrés Iglesias. "Automatic Fitting of Feature Points for Border Detection of Skin Lesions in Medical Images with Bat Algorithm." In Intelligent Distributed Computing XII, 357–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99626-4_31.

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Gnana Mayuri, K., and L. Sathish Kumar. "Assessment of Segmentation Techniques for Irregular Border Lesion Images in Melanoma." In Computational Intelligence and Data Analytics, 169–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3391-2_12.

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Seki, Ayako. "Question 8: Where Do You Think Is the Border of This Lesion?" In Endoscopic Diagnosis of Superficial Gastric Cancer for ESD, 169–75. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54469-2_22.

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Wingerchuk, Dean M. "Lesions Found by Chance." In Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology, edited by Andrew McKeon, B. Mark Keegan, and W. Oliver Tobin, 29–31. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197583425.003.0009.

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A healthy 26-year-old woman with a history of episodic migraine without aura since age 12 years had a first-ever event of transient visual impairment. She reported to her neurologist that she “lost vision” for 15 minutes and described a “black blob” with a bright jagged border that moved across her binocular visual field and resolved without sequelae. Minutes later, one of her typical migraine headaches developed. Given the patient’s history of typical episodic migraine, the new visual event’s clinical characteristics were highly consistent with a migraine aura. Because of the new transient visual symptoms, the neurologist ordered brain magnetic resonance imaging, which showed several periventricular white matter lesions, including some that involved the corpus callosum and were oriented perpendicular to the septocallosal surface. The patient was counseled about the magnetic resonance imaging findings and expressed the desire to fully evaluate her risk of multiple sclerosis. The patient was diagnosed with radiologically isolated syndrome. The patient was counseled regarding the relevance of the magnetic resonance imaging findings and risk of future development of multiple sclerosis. She was not prescribed a disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis. This patient has radiologically isolated syndrome —incidentally found magnetic resonance imaging lesions consistent with demyelination in a patient with no symptoms or signs suggestive of multiple sclerosis.
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Satheesha T.Y. "Classification of Skin Lesion Using (Segmentation) Shape Feature Detection." In Biomedical and Clinical Engineering for Healthcare Advancement, 221–28. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0326-3.ch011.

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Malignant melanoma has caused countless deaths in recent years. Many calculation methods have been created for automatic melanoma detection. In this chapter, based on the traditional concept of shape signature and convex hull, an improved boundary description shape signature is developed. The convex defect-based signature (CDBS) proposed in this paper scans contour irregularities and is applied to skin lesion classification in macroscopic images. Border irregularities of skin lesions are the predominant criteria for ABCD (asymmetry, border, color, and diameter) to distinguish between melanoma and nonmelanoma. The performance of the CDBS is compared with popular shape descriptors: shape signature, indentation depth function, invariant elliptic Fourier descriptor (IEFD), and rotation invariant wavelet descriptor (RIWD), where the proposed descriptor shows better results. Multilayer perceptron neural network is used as a classifier in this work. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves significant performance with mean accuracy of 90.49%.
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Jamil, Uzma, and Shehzad Khalid. "Analysis of Valuable Techniques and Algorithms Used in Automated Skin Lesion Recognition Systems." In Oncology, 542–58. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0549-5.ch019.

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Application of computational intelligence techniques helps physicians as well as dermatologists in faster data process to give better and more reliable diagnoses. The whole system is categorized as: Pre-processing the lesion image to enhance its readability, Segmentation of the Lesion from skin, Feature extraction, selection, and finally the identification of dermoscopic images. Pros and cons of various methods are focused to provide a help for the researchers starting work in automated lesion detection system. Numerous computerized diagnostic systems have been reported in which different border detection, feature extraction, selection, and classification algorithms are used. The aim of this review is to summarize and compare advanced dermoscopic algorithms used for the classification of skin lesions and discuss important issues affecting the success of classification. This paper will be a guide that represents a comprehensive guideline for selecting suitable algorithms needed for different steps of automatic diagnostic procedure for ensuring timely diagnosis of skin cancer.
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Jamil, Uzma, and Shehzad Khalid. "Analysis of Valuable Techniques and Algorithms Used in Automated Skin Lesion Recognition Systems." In Medical Imaging, 1327–42. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0571-6.ch054.

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Application of computational intelligence techniques helps physicians as well as dermatologists in faster data process to give better and more reliable diagnoses. The whole system is categorized as: Pre-processing the lesion image to enhance its readability, Segmentation of the Lesion from skin, Feature extraction, selection, and finally the identification of dermoscopic images. Pros and cons of various methods are focused to provide a help for the researchers starting work in automated lesion detection system. Numerous computerized diagnostic systems have been reported in which different border detection, feature extraction, selection, and classification algorithms are used. The aim of this review is to summarize and compare advanced dermoscopic algorithms used for the classification of skin lesions and discuss important issues affecting the success of classification. This paper will be a guide that represents a comprehensive guideline for selecting suitable algorithms needed for different steps of automatic diagnostic procedure for ensuring timely diagnosis of skin cancer.
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Conference papers on the topic "Border lesions"

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Lee, Tim K., and M. Stella Atkins. "New approach to measure border irregularity for melanocytic lesions." In Medical Imaging 2000, edited by Kenneth M. Hanson. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.387728.

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Ng, Vincent T. Y., and Tim K. Lee. "Measuring border irregularities of skin lesions using fractal dimensions." In Photonics China '96, edited by Chung-Sheng Li, Robert L. Stevenson, and LiWei Zhou. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.253385.

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Sbrissa, David, Sebastião Pratavieira, Ana Gabriela Salvio, Cristina Kurachi, Vanderlei Salvadori Bagnato, Luciano Da Fontoura Costa, and Gonzalo Travieso. "Asymmetry and irregularity border as discrimination factor between melanocytic lesions." In SPIE Biophotonics South America, edited by Cristina Kurachi, Katarina Svanberg, Bruce J. Tromberg, and Vanderlei S. Bagnato. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2186180.

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Jaworek-Korjakowska, J., and R. Tadeusiewicz. "Determination of border irregularity in dermoscopic color images of pigmented skin lesions." In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6945107.

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Abeysinghe, D. V. D. S., and S. Sotheeswaran. "Novel computational approaches for border irregularity prediction to detect melanoma in skin lesions." In 2020 International Research Conference on Smart Computing and Systems Engineering (SCSE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scse49731.2020.9313042.

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Galvez, Akemi, Iztok Fister, Eneko Osaba, Iztok Fister, Javier Del Ser, and Andres Iglesias. "Hybrid Modified Firefly Algorithm for Border Detection of Skin Lesions in Medical Imaging." In 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8789954.

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Galvez, Akemi, Andres Iglesias, Hassan Ugail, Lihua You, Habibollah Haron, and Zulfiqar Habib. "Firefly Algorithm Approach For Rational Bézier Border Reconstruction of Skin Lesions from Macroscopic Medical Images." In 2019 13th International Conference on Software, Knowledge, Information Management and Applications (SKIMA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/skima47702.2019.8982465.

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Jaseema Yasmin, J. H., M. Mohamed Sathik, and S. Zulaikha Beevi. "Robust segmentation algorithm using LOG edge detector for effective border detection of noisy skin lesions." In 2011 International Conference on Computer, Communication and Electrical Technology (ICCCET). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccet.2011.5762439.

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Gálvez, Akemi, Iztok Fister, Eneko Osaba, Iztok Fister, Javier Del Ser, and Andrés Iglesias. "Computing rational border curves of melanoma and other skin lesions from medical images with bat algorithm." In GECCO '19: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3319619.3326873.

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K. Mishra, Nabin, Ravneet Kaur, Reda Kasmi, Serkan Kefel, Pelin Guvenc, Justin G. Cole, Jason R. Hagerty, et al. "Automatic Separation of Basal Cell Carcinoma from Benign Lesions in Dermoscopy Images with Border Thresholding Techniques." In International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006173601150123.

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Reports on the topic "Border lesions"

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Thomas Austin, Evan, Paul Kang, Chinedu Mmeje, Joseph Mashni, Mark Brenner, Phillip Koo, and John C Chang. Validation of PI-RADS v2 Scores at Various Non-University Radiology Practices. Science Repository, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.aco.2021.02.02.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the second version of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADSv2) scores in predicting positive in-bore MRI-guided targeted prostate biopsy results across different non-university related institutions. The study focuses on PI-RADS v2 scoring because during the study period, PI-RADS v2.1 had not been released. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective review of 147 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the pelvis followed by in-bore MRI-guided targeted prostate biopsy from December 2014 to May 2018. All lesions on mpMRI were rated according to PI-RADS v2 criteria. PI-RADS v2 scores were then compared to MR-guided biopsy results and pre-biopsy PSA values. Results: Prostate Cancer (PCa) was detected in 54% (80/147) of patients, with more prostate cancer being detected with each subsequent increase in PI-RADS scores. Specifically, biopsy results in patients with PI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 lesions resulted in PCa in 25.6% (10/39), 58.1% (33/55), and 86.0% (37/43) respectively. Clinically significant PCa (Gleason score ≥7) was detected in 17.9% (7/39), 52.7% (29/55), and 72% (31/43) of cases for PI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 lesions respectively. When the PI-RADS scoring and biopsy results were compared across different institutions, there was no difference in the PI-RADS scoring of lesions or in the positive biopsy rates of the lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for PI-RADS 3-4 lesions were also not statistically different across the institutions for detecting Gleason 7 or greater lesions. Conclusion: Our results agree with prior studies that higher PI-RADS scores are associated with the presence of clinically significant PCa and suggest prostate lesions with PI-RADS scores 3-5 have sufficient evidence to warrant targeted biopsy. The comparison of PI-RADS score across different types of non-university practices revealed no difference in scoring and biopsy outcome, suggesting that PI-RADS v2 can be easily applied outside of the university medical center setting. Clinical Relevance: PI-RADS v2 can be applied homogeneously in the non-university setting without significant difference in outcome.
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Manulis, Shulamit, Christine D. Smart, Isaac Barash, Guido Sessa, and Harvey C. Hoch. Molecular Interactions of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis with Tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697113.bard.

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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), the causal agent of bacterial wilt and canker of tomato, is the most destructive bacterial disease of tomato causing substantial economic losses in Israel, the U.S.A. and worldwide. The molecular strategies that allow Cmm, a Gram-positive bacterium, to develop a successful infection in tomato plants are largely unknown. The goal of the project was to elucidate the molecular interactions between Cmmand tomato. The first objective was to analyze gene expression profiles of susceptible tomato plants infected with pathogenic and endophytic Cmmstrains. Microarray analysis identified 122 genes that were differentially expressed during early stages of infection. Cmm activated typical basal defense responses in the host including induction of defense-related genes, production of scavenging of free oxygen radicals, enhanced protein turnover and hormone synthesis. Proteomic investigation of the Cmm-tomato interaction was performed with Multi-Dimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT) and mass spectroscopy. A wide range of enzymes secreted by Cmm382, including cell-wall degrading enzymes and a large group of serine proteases from different families were identified in the xylem sap of infected tomato. Based on proteomic results, the expression pattern of selected bacterial virulence genes and plant defense genes were examined by qRT-PCR. Expression of the plasmid-borne cellulase (celA), serine protease (pat-1) and serine proteases residing on the chp/tomA pathogenicity island (chpCandppaA), were significantly induced within 96 hr after inoculation. Transcription of chromosomal genes involved in cell wall degradation (i.e., pelA1, celB, xysA and xysB) was also induced in early infection stages. The second objective was to identify by VIGS technology host genes affecting Cmm multiplication and appearance of disease symptoms in plant. VIGS screening showed that out of 160 tomato genes, which could be involved in defense-related signaling, suppression of 14 genes led to increase host susceptibility. Noteworthy are the genes Snakin-2 (inhibitor of Cmm growth) and extensin-like protein (ELP) involved in cell wall fortification. To further test the significance of Snakin -2 and ELP in resistance towards Cmm, transgenic tomato plants over-expressing the two genes were generated. These plants showed partial resistance to Cmm resulting in a significant delay of the wilt symptoms and reduction in size of canker lesion compared to control. Furthermore, colonization of the transgenic plants was significantly lower. The third objective was to assess the involvement of ethylene (ET), jasmonate (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) in Cmm infection. Microarray and proteomic studies showed the induction of enzymes involved in ET and JA biosynthesis. Cmm promoted ET production 8 days after inoculation and SIACO, a key enzyme of ET biosynthesis, was upregulated. Inoculation of the tomato mutants Never ripe (Nr) impaired in ET perception and transgenic plants with reduced ET synthesis significantly delayed wilt symptoms as compared to the wild-type plants. The retarded wilting in Nr plants was shown to be a specific effect of ET insensitivity and was not due to altered expression of defense related genes, reduced bacterial population or decrease in ethylene biosynthesis . In contrast, infection of various tomato mutants impaired in JA biosynthesis (e.g., def1, acx1) and JA insensitive mutant (jai1) yielded unequivocal results. The fourth objective was to determine the role of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Cmm in xylem colonization and symptoms development. A significance increase (2 to 7 fold) in expression of cellulases (CelA, CelB), pectate lyases (PelA1, PelA2), polygalacturonase and xylanases (XylA, XylB) was detected by qRT-PCR and by proteomic analysis of the xylem sap. However, with the exception of CelA, whose inactivation led to reduced wilt symptoms, inactivation of any of the other cell wall degrading enzymes did not lead to reduced virulence. Results achieved emphasized the complexity involved in Cmm-tomato interactions. Nevertheless they provide the basis for additional research which will unravel the mechanism of Cmm pathogenicity and formulating disease control measures.
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