Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bones Histology

Academic literature on the topic 'Bones Histology'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bones Histology"

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Sander, P. M. "Life history of Tendaguru sauropods as inferred from long bone histology." Fossil Record 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.1999.4860020107.

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Abstract. Sauropod dinosaurs present exceptional challenges in understanding their biology because of their exceptional body size. One of these, life history, can be inferred from the histology of their bones. For this purpose, the diverse sauropod assemblage of the Upper Jurassic Tendaguru beds was sampled with a new coring method which provided unprecented access to and insights into sauropod bone histology. Growth series of humeri and femora as well as long growth records from single bones suggest that all four sauropod taxa are characterized by continued growth after sexual maturity but that growth was determinate. Fibrolamellär bone is dominant in the samples, indicating that the bones of the Tendaguru sauropods grew at rates comparable to those of modern large mammals. The growth pattern of these sauropods thus combines typically reptilian traits with typically mammalian traits. In the details of their bone histology, the Tendaguru sauropod taxa show considerable variation which reflects life history. In addition, Barosaurus exhibits probable sexual dimorphism in bone histology. Das Verständnis der Biologie der sauropoden Dinosaurier wird durch ihre enorme Körpergröße außerordentlich erschwert. Allerdings kann ein Aspekt, die Lebensgeschichte, anhand der Histologie ihrer Knochen untersucht werden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde die diverse Sauropoden-Vergesellschaftung der oberjurassischen Tendaguru-Schichten beprobt, und zwar mit einer neuartigen Kernbohrmethode, die einen herausragenden Zugang und Einblick in die Knochenhistologie der Sauropoden ermöglichte. Wachstumsserien von Humeri und Femora sowie umfassende Überlieferungen des Wachstums von Individuen anhand einzelner Knochen machen es wahrscheinlich, daß alle vier Sauropoden-Taxa der Tendaguru-Schichten durch ein auch nach der Geschlechtsreife anhaltendes Wachstum gekennzeichnet waren. Allerdings ging das Wachstum nicht bis zum Tode des Tieres weiter, sondern kam bei einer etwas variablen Maximalgröße zum Stillstand. Fibrolamellärer Knochen ist der vorherrschende Knochentyp in den Proben, was anzeigt, daß die Tendaguru-Sauropoden mit für Säugetieren typische Raten wuchsen. Die Tendaguru-Sauropoden kombinerten also ein für Reptilien typisches Muster des Wachstums, nämlich nach der Geschlechtsreife anhaltendes Wachstum, mit für Säuger typischen Raten des Wachstums. Die verschiedenen Sauropoden-Taxa zeigen erstaunliche Unterschiede in den Details ihrer Knochenhistologie, die Unterschiede in der Lebensgeschichte belegen. Bei Barosaurus scheint außerdem ein Geschlechtsdimorphismus in der Histologie der Langknochen vorzukommen. doi:1002/mmng.1999.4860020107
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de Buffrénil, Vivian, and Jean-Michel Mazin. "Bone histology of the ichthyosaurs: comparative data and functional interpretation." Paleobiology 16, no. 4 (1990): 435–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300010174.

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The periosteal cortex in the shaft of limb bones is described histologically in three ichthyosaurian genera, Omphalosaurus, Stenopterygius, and Ichthyosaurus. The primary periosteal deposits are composed of typical woven-fibered tissue that was accreted as spongy bone in young individuals, and more or less compact bone in older individuals. During growth, the bone tissue was extensively remodeled with a quantitative imbalance between resorption and redeposition. As a result, the cortex was made cancellous, if previously compact, or still more spongy, if already cancellous. This pattern of remodeling explains why compact cortices are generally lacking in the long bones of ichthyosaurs. The presence of woven-fibered tissue strongly suggests that the limb bones, and probably also the body as a whole, had a rapid postnatal growth in ichthyosaurs, that might have been related to a high, “endotherm-like” metabolic rate. This hypothesis bears on the ecological interpretation of the ichthyosaurs: they could have been capable of sustained, fast swimming and long-range movements, rather than being slow-moving creatures as commonly supposed.
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Chinsamy, Anusuya, and Trevor H. Worthy. "Histovariability and Palaeobiological Implications of the Bone Histology of the Dromornithid, Genyornis newtoni." Diversity 13, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13050219.

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The bone microstructure of extinct animals provides a host of information about their biology. Although the giant flightless dromornithid, Genyornis newtoni, is reasonably well known from the Pleistocene of Australia (until its extinction about 50–40 Ka), aside from various aspects of its skeletal anatomy and taxonomy, not much is known about its biology. The current study investigated the histology of fifteen long bones of Genyornis (tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi and femora) to deduce information about its growth dynamics and life history. Thin sections of the bones were prepared using standard methods, and the histology of the bones was studied under normal and polarised light microscopy. Our histological analyses showed that Genyornis took more than a single year to reach sexual maturity, and that it continued to deposit bone within the OCL for several years thereafter until skeletal maturity was attained. Thus, sexual maturity and skeletal maturity were asynchronous, with the former preceding the latter. Our results further indicated that Genyornis responded to prevailing environmental conditions, which suggests that it retained a plesiomorphic, flexible growth strategy. Additionally, our analyses of the three long bones showed that the tibiotarsus preserved the best record of growth for Genyornis.
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Gruntmejer, Kamil, Dorota Konietzko-Meier, and Adam Bodzioch. "Cranial bone histology ofMetoposaurus krasiejowensis(Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Late Triassic of Poland." PeerJ 4 (November 8, 2016): e2685. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2685.

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In this study, 21 skull bones ofMetoposaurus krasiejowensisfrom the Late Triassic of Poland were investigated histologically. Dermal bones show a diploë structure, with an ornamented external surface. The ridges consist of mostly well vascularized parallel-fibered bone; the valleys are built of an avascular layer of lamellar bone. The thick middle region consists of cancellous bone, with varying porosity. The thin and less vascularized internal cortex consists of parallel-fibered bone. The numerous Sharpey’s fibers and ISF are present in all bones. The cyclicity of growth is manifested as an alternation of thick, avascular annuli and high vascularized zones as well as a sequence of resting lines. The detailed histological framework of dermal bones varies even within a single bone; this seems to be related to the local biomechanical loading of the particular part of the skull. The dynamic processes observed during the ornamentation creation indicate that the positions of the ridges and grooves change during growth and could be a specific adaptation to changing biomechanical conditions and stress distribution during bone development. In the supratemporal, the cementing lines show that the remodeling process could be involved in the creations of sculpture. The common occurrence of ISF suggests that metaplastic ossification plays an important role during cranial development. Endochondral bones preserved the numerous remains of calcified cartilage. This indicates that ossification follows a pattern known for stereospondyl intercentra, with relatively slow ossification of the trabecular part and late development of the periosteal cortex. The large accumulation of Sharpey’s fibers in the occipital condyles indicates the presence of strong muscles and ligaments connecting the skull to the vertebral column.
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Shelton, Christen D., P. Martin Sander, Koen Stein, and Herman Winkelhorst. "Long bone histology indicates sympatric species of Dimetrodon (Lower Permian, Sphenacodontidae)." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 103, no. 3-4 (September 2012): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175569101300025x.

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ABSTRACTThe Briar Creek Bonebed (Artinskian, Nocona Formation) in Archer County is one of the richest sources of Dimetrodon bones in the Lower Permian of Texas, USA. Based on size, a small (D. natalis), an intermediate (D. booneorum), and a large species (D. limbatus) have been described from this locality. It has been proposed that these traditionally recognised species represent an ontogenetic series of only one species. However, the ontogenetic series hypothesis is inconsistent with the late ontogenetic state of the small bones, as suggested by their osteology and degree of ossification. Histological analysis of newly excavated material from the Briar Creek Bonebed has resolved some of the discretion between these two competing hypothesis, confirming the coexistence of a small (D. natalis) with at least one larger Dimetrodon species. An external fundamental system is present in the largest sampled long bones identified as D. natalis. The histology of D. natalis postcrania is described as incipient fibro lamellar bone. This tissue is a combination of parallel-fibred and woven-fibred bone that is highly vascularised by incipient primary osteons. The species status of D. booneorum and D. limbatus remain unresolved.
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WAIZENEGGER, M. "Intraosseous Ganglia of Carpal Bones." Journal of Hand Surgery 18, no. 3 (June 1993): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(93)90061-j.

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25 patients with 26 intraosseous ganglia in carpal bones are described, 14 in the scaphoid and 12 in the lunate. In most cases, attention was drawn to the lesion when X-rays were performed after a recent injury to the wrist. Typically, they occurred eccentrically and were surrounded by a radio-dense rim of bone. In a few cases the cortex was breached but never expanded by the lesion. Curettage and bone grafting were performed only if symptoms persisted and no other source for the pain could be found. Most contained the typical jelly-like material also found in soft tissue ganglia and the histology showed an identical structure. A suggested format for the management of these lesions is presented.
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HIRANO, Shigeki. "Observations on pigment granules in the bones of silky fowls." Archives of Histology and Cytology 53, no. 1 (1990): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1679/aohc.53.89.

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Dimitri, Paul J., Paul Arundel, Jerry K. W. Wales, and Nick J. Bishop. "Fat children, thin bones." Bone 42 (March 2008): S48—S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2007.12.081.

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Johnson, Shane B., Sebahattin Cureoglu, Jennifer T. O’Malley, and Peter A. Santi. "Comparison of Traditional Histology and TSLIM Optical Sectioning of Human Temporal Bones." Otology & Neurotology 35, no. 7 (August 2014): 1145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mao.0000000000000416.

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Klein, Nicole, Alexandra Houssaye, James M. Neenan, and Torsten M. Scheyer. "Long bone histology and microanatomy of Placodontia (Diapsida: Sauropterygia)." Contributions to Zoology 84, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): 59—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08401005.

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Placodontia, an enigmatic group of durophagous and in part heavily armoured animals, were members of Sauropterygia, the most diverse and successful group of Mesozoic marine reptiles. Microanatomy and histology of long bones of several armoured and non-armoured Placodontia were studied, covering most of their taxonomic breadth, to elucidate the paleoecology, physiology, and lifestyle of its members. Results reveal an unexpected and not phylogenetically or stratigraphically related disparity of microanatomical and histological features for the group. The non-armoured Paraplacodus and the heavily armoured Psephoderma grew with lamellar-zonal bone tissue type, which is typical for modern sauropsids. In the former, the tissue is nearly avascular surrounding a compacted medullary region, whereas in the latter, the lamellar-zonal bone tissue is vascularized framing a large open medullary cavity and a perimedullary region. Armoured Henodus and Placodontia indet. aff. Cyamodus as well as non-armoured Placodus exhibit a reduced medullary cavity and grew with highly vascularized plexiform to radiating fibro-lamellar bone. Several long bones of Placodontia indet. show circumferential fibro-lamellar bone and can be distinguished into two groups on the basis of microanatomical features. In addition, all bones that grew with fibro-lamellar bone show locally primary spongeous-like architecture and had secondarily widened primary osteons throughout the cortex, resulting in a secondarily spongeous tissue. The highly vascularized fibro-lamellar bone of these Placodontia indicates growth rates comparable to that of open marine ichthyosaurs. Differences in microanatomy and bone histology as expressed by a principal component analysis, thus clearly indicate different paleoecologies, including differences in lifestyle and swimming modes and capabilities in Placodontia. This would have reduced competition in the shallow marine environments of the Tethys and might be a key to their success and diversity. A certain developmental plasticity among the studied placodonts is interpreted as response to different environmental conditions as is obvious from inter- and intraspecific histological variation. Most striking is the difference in life history strategy in armoured Psephoderma and non-armoured Paraplacodus when compared to armoured Henodus, Placodontia indet. aff. Cyamodus, non-armoured Placodus, and Placodontia indet. Bone tissue of Psephoderma and Paraplacodus indicates low growth rates and a low basal metabolic rate, as many modern sauropsids have such as the marine iguana, whereas the others grew with extremely fast growth rates, more typical for birds and mammals, indicating an increased basal metabolic rate.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bones Histology"

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Bogoevski, Kristofor. "A comprehensive evaluation of a rapid decalcification method for bones: A histological analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/95917/1/Kristofor_Bogoevski_Thesis.pdf.

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This project's goal was to quicken the time of a bone processing method called histology for both research and clinical investigations. The following thesis examined various acid solutions at different temperatures in order to achieve faster results without compromising the quality of the analysed tissues of various species. Outcome measures such as radiological and microscopic evaluations demonstrated that equivalent results can be obtained by using rapid bone processing techniques compared to the gold standard method of EDTA.
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Coraça, Debora Cristina. "Estudo experimental de implantes bioabsorviveis de poli(L-acido latico) / poli(oxido de etileno) associados ao cloridrato de vancomicina no reparo osseo." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313584.

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Orientador: Eliane Maria Ingrid Amstalden
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T03:49:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Coraca_DeboraCristina_D.pdf: 21833278 bytes, checksum: d8fc3a57a4797f0daf7a2fca22979509 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: A necessidade da utilização de enxertos naturais e/ou materiais sintéticos para auxiliar no reparo ósseo é diretamente proporcional a perda tecidual nas lesões. A administração de substâncias antibióticas é necessária para prevenir, ou mesmo combater a ação de agentes bacterianos que possam vir a retardar o reparo tecidual. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicação de um polímero bioabsorvível associado à uma droga antobiótica na regenereção óssea. Foram realizados implantes ósseos de microesferas da blenda de poli(L-ácido lático)PLLA/poli(óxido de etileno)PEO na composição 80:20 associadas ao cloridrato de vancomicina e não associados ao cloridrato de vancomicina em ratos. Os implantes foram colocados em cavidades de 3 mm de diâmetro realizadas em tíbias de ratos da linhagem Wistar. Grupos com 5 animais cada. foram submetidos a períodos experimentais de 2 e 4 dias e 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32 semanas. Os achados morfológicos foram semelhantes em ambos grupos. Houve primeiramente a formação de malha de fibrina e hemorragia ao redor das microesferas, as quais foram gradualmente sendo substituídas por tecido de granulação. A partir do quarto dia, houve a formação inicial de matriz óssea envolvendo as microesferas centripetamente, tornando-se mais evidente e madura da primeira até a trigésima segunda semana de implantação. A comparação entre os achados histomorfométricos e semí-quantitativos, quanto à formação óssea, demonstraram não ter havido diferença significativa entre os dois grupos. Reações de rejeição tecidual não foram observadas. Pode-se concluir, portanto, que além da evidente osteointegração das microesferas de PLLA/PEO, a associação com o cloridrato de vancomicina não prejudicou a regeneração óssea podendo ser este material utilizado como enxerto, bem como ser útil na prevenção de infecções bacterianas
Abstract: The use of natural graft and synthetic materials to help bone regeneration is directly relative to cause of bone injury and bone requirement to compose a graft. The antibiotics drugs management is necessary to prevent and combat bacterial agents that could retard the tissue repair The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioabsorbable polymeric implants antibiotic associated behavior during the bone healing. Poly(L-lactic acid)PLLA/poly(ethylene oxide)PEO microspheres blends 80:20 vancomicyn associated bone implants, was compared with PLLA/PEO blend without vancomycin. The implants were inserted in a 3 mm proximal tibiae defect in adult Wistar rats. Periods from 2 and 4 days and 1. 2, 4, 8 16 and 32 weeks were evaluated in 5 animals per group. The histological findings were similar among groups. A fibrin net and hemorrhage were observed primarily around the microspheres and both were progressively replaced by granulation tissue. In four-day implant, the initial bone formation around microspheres was noted. The growth of bone tissue was initially characterized by wolven bone with progressive maturation to lamellar bone, centripetally to microspheres group. The quantity of new bone growth, measured by histomorphometric method and semi-quantitative analysis showed no differences between groups in each experimental interval. Therefore we conclude that mixing vancomycin chloridrate into PLLA/PEO microspheres did not affect the bone regeneration. Besides, the PLLA/PEO vancomycin associated microspheres allowed the osteointegration. For those reasons, the material could be used as bone graft, helping the bone repair In addiction, the associating with antibiotic drugs could be useful to prevent infections during bone healing
Doutorado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
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Nor, Faridah M. "A comparative microscopic study of human and non-human long bone histology." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4463.

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Identification of human or nonhuman skeletal remains is important in assisting the police and law enforcement officers for the investigation of forensic cases. Identification of bone can be difficult, especially in fragmented remains. It has been reported that 25 to 30% of medicolegal cases, which involved nonhuman skeletal remains have been mistaken for human. In such cases, histomorphometric method was used to identify human and nonhuman skeletal remains. However, literature has shown that histomorphometric data for human and nonhuman bone were insufficient. Additionally, age estimation in bone may help in the identification of human individual, which can be done by using a histomorphometric method. Age estimation is based on bone remodeling process, where microstructural parameters have strong correlations with age. Literature showed that age estimation has been done on the American and European populations. However, little work has been done in the Asian population. The aims of this project were thus, to identify human and nonhuman bone, and to estimate age in human bones by using histomorphometric analysis. In this project, 64 human bones and 65 animal bones were collected from the mortuary of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre and the Zoos in Malaysia, respectively. A standard bone preparation was used to prepare human and nonhuman bone thin sections for histomorphometric assessment. Assessments were made on the microstructural parameters such as cortical thickness, medullary cavity diameter, osteon count, osteon diameter, osteon area, osteon perimeter, Haversian canal diameter, Haversian canal area, Haversian canal perimeter, and Haversian lamella count per osteon by using image analysis, and viewed under a transmitted light microscope. The microstructural measurements showed significant differences between human and nonhuman samples. The discriminant functions showed correct classification rates for 81.4% of cases, and the accuracy of identification was 96.9% for human and 66.2% for animal. Human age estimation showed a standard error of estimate of 10.41 years, comparable with those in the literature. This study project offers distinct advantages over currently available histomorphometric methods for human and nonhuman identification and human age estimation. This will have significant implications in the assessment of fragmentary skeletal and forensic population samples for identification purposes.
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Nor, Faridah Mohd. "A comparative microscopic study of human and non-human long bone histology." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4463.

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Identification of human or nonhuman skeletal remains is important in assisting the police and law enforcement officers for the investigation of forensic cases. Identification of bone can be difficult, especially in fragmented remains. It has been reported that 25 to 30% of medicolegal cases, which involved nonhuman skeletal remains have been mistaken for human. In such cases, histomorphometric method was used to identify human and nonhuman skeletal remains. However, literature has shown that histomorphometric data for human and nonhuman bone were insufficient. Additionally, age estimation in bone may help in the identification of human individual, which can be done by using a histomorphometric method. Age estimation is based on bone remodeling process, where microstructural parameters have strong correlations with age. Literature showed that age estimation has been done on the American and European populations. However, little work has been done in the Asian population. The aims of this project were thus, to identify human and nonhuman bone, and to estimate age in human bones by using histomorphometric analysis. In this project, 64 human bones and 65 animal bones were collected from the mortuary of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre and the Zoos in Malaysia, respectively. A standard bone preparation was used to prepare human and nonhuman bone thin sections for histomorphometric assessment. Assessments were made on the microstructural parameters such as cortical thickness, medullary cavity diameter, osteon count, osteon diameter, osteon area, osteon perimeter, Haversian canal diameter, Haversian canal area, Haversian canal perimeter, and Haversian lamella count per osteon by using image analysis, and viewed under a transmitted light microscope. The microstructural measurements showed significant differences between human and nonhuman samples. The discriminant functions showed correct classification rates for 81.4% of cases, and the accuracy of identification was 96.9% for human and 66.2% for animal. Human age estimation showed a standard error of estimate of 10.41 years, comparable with those in the literature. This study project offers distinct advantages over currently available histomorphometric methods for human and nonhuman identification and human age estimation. This will have significant implications in the assessment of fragmentary skeletal and forensic population samples for identification purposes.
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Nacarino, Meneses Carmen. "Life history inferences in extant and extinct Equus from the histological analysis of bone and enamel tissues." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664248.

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El estudio de life histories proporciona información sobre la biología y ecología de las especies, incluyendo las condiciones ecológicas de su ecosistema, su biodiversidad, su demografía y su vulnerabilidad. La life history de vertebrados actuales y extintos puede ser reconstruida a partir de la microestructura ósea y dental. Sin embargo, el estudio de mamíferos clave en paleontología y ecología, como los équidos, es aún escaso. La presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo analizar la histología ósea y dental de Equus actuales y extintos para inferir sus características biológicas y de life history más importantes. La muestra actual se compone de huesos y dientes de asno salvaje asiático, cebra común y cebra de Grevy. Su estudio ha proporcionado un marco sólido para el análisis de Equus fósiles, limitado en esta tesis a especies del Pleistoceno Medio y Superior. Los resultados obtenidos de histología ósea en équidos actuales muestran que el tipo de tejido varía a lo largo de la ontogenia, registrando el crecimiento del individuo. Los cambios de tejido óseo también se han relacionado con ciertas características de life history. Así, el cambio de hueso fibrolamellar a lamellar (external fundamental system) en fémures de équidos se ha visto asociado a la madurez reproductiva. Eventos clave del ciclo vital, como el nacimiento, quedan igualmente registrados en el tejido óseo de los équidos. Por primera vez en mamíferos, esta tesis doctoral describe una marca de crecimiento no cíclica en huesos apendiculares, cuya deposición está relacionada con una reducción/parada del crecimiento en los potros durante el nacimiento (línea neonatal). Este descubrimiento es de gran importancia para la reconstrucción histológica de life histories en mamíferos actuales y extintos. El estudio esqueletocronológico en Equus actuales ha revelado, además, que el fémur es el mejor hueso para obtener datos de life history y que las curvas de crecimiento reflejan la madurez esquelética. Por otro lado, el contaje de marcas diarias en el esmalte de équidos actuales ha proporcionado nuevas tasas de secreción que invalidan estudios incorrectos previos. El estudio del esmalte dental realizado en primeros molares inferiores de Equus indica, además, que el desarrollo de este diente consta de tres fases. Cada una de ellas presenta un patrón y una tasa de crecimiento específica, y está relacionada con modificaciones ontogenéticas y estructurales del diente. Asimismo, el análisis histológico muestra que el esmalte se extiende más allá del cérvix, dificultando la toma de medidas de la altura de la corona a partir de la apariencia externa del diente. Los resultados obtenidos indican, también, que el desgaste del primer molar es mucho más pronunciado en etapas tempranas de la ontogenia, y que la corona de este diente tarda en formarse el doble de tiempo en el asno asiático que en las cebras africanas debido, probablemente, a diferencias en hábitat y longevidad entre especies. Además, se ha analizado la histología ósea de las especies del Pleistoceno Medio E. steinheimensis y E. mosbachensis y el esmalte dental de las del Pleistoceno Superior E. ferus y E. hydruntinus, en un primer intento por reconstruir la life history de Equus fósiles. Esto, a su vez, ha permitido analizar los cambios evolutivos de tamaño corporal descritos en Equus durante el Pleistoceno europeo bajo una perspectiva de life history. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos en esta tesis indican que los équidos más grandes del Pleistoceno Medio crecían a tasas más elevadas que las especies del Pleistoceno Superior y actuales, más pequeñas. Este resultado se corresponde con reconstrucciones paleoambientales y con modelos teóricos de life history que proponen la disponibilidad de recursos como una de las presiones de selección más importantes en la determinación del tamaño corporal.
The study of life histories provides valuable insights into many aspects of a species’ biology and ecology, including the ecological conditions of its ecosystem, its biodiversity, its demography and its vulnerability to extinction. Life histories of extant and extinct vertebrates can be reconstructed from bone and dental microstructure. However, histological research in key mammalian groups for paleontology and ecology, such as equids, is still little explored. The present PhD thesis aims to analyze bone and dental histology in extant and extinct Equus to obtain information about their most important life history and biological traits. The extant sample of the present dissertation comprises bones and teeth of Asiatic wild ass, plains zebra and Grevy’s zebra. Their detailed histological study has provided a solid framework for the subsequent analysis of fossil Equus species, which has been limited here to Middle and Late Pleistocene taxa. Results obtained from bone histology in living equids show that bone tissue types vary through ontogeny, recording individual growth. This dissertation also indicates that changes in bone tissue types are related to certain life history characteristics. Thus, for instance, results of this thesis reveal that the transition from fibrolamellar to lamellar bone (i.e. external fundamental system) in equid femora is associated with the onset of reproductive maturity. Key life history events, such as the moment of birth, are also registered in the bone tissue of equids. For the first time in mammals, the present dissertation describes a non-cyclical bone growth mark in the limb bones of equids whose timing of deposition agrees with a period of growth arrest/decline during birth in foals (neonatal line). This discovery is of high importance for the histological reconstruction of life histories in extant and extinct mammals. Bone skeletochronology in extant Equus further reveals that the femur is the best bone to obtain life history data in equids, and that bone growth curves yield information about skeletal maturity. On the other hand, the counting of incremental markings of daily periodicity in equid enamel yields new estimates of daily secretion rates for these mammals that invalidate previous inaccurate studies. The detailed study of dental enamel in first lower molars of extant Equus also shows that the development of this tooth involves three different stages. Each of them presents a specific rate and pattern of growth, and is related to ontogenetic and structural modifications of the tooth. The histological analysis performed here further indicates that enamel extends beyond the molar’s cervix in equids, hampering measurements of the crown height from the external appearance of the tooth. Results of this thesis also reveals that the time of first lower molar crown formation in the Asiatic wild ass doubles that of the African zebras, probably due to differences in habitat and longevity among these species. Dental histology further yields information about rates of wear in equids, indicating much higher wear rates for the first lower molar early in ontogeny than commonly thought. In a first attempt to reconstruct the life history of extinct Equus, bone histology was analyzed in the Middle Pleistocene species E. steinheimensis and E. mosbachensis and dental enamel was studied in the Late Pleistocene taxa E. ferus and E. hydruntinus. The preliminary findings obtained from these investigations allowed the first analysis of the body size trend towards dwarfing in European Pleistocene Equus under a life history perspective. First results indicate that larger Middle Pleistocene equids grew at higher rates than smaller Late Pleistocene and extant species. This finding agrees with published paleoenvironmental reconstructions and conforms to life history models that propose resource availability as one of the main selection pressures influencing adult body size.
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Souza, Caio Gonçalves de. "Análise histomorfométrica do colo femoral em pacientes com e sem fratura do colo do fêmur." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-24012008-142245/.

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Foi analisada a parte trabecular do colo do fêmur de 13 pacientes do sexo feminino, com idade acima dos 60 anos, com o método da histomorfometria óssea. Sete destas pacientes tiveram fratura do colo do fêmur. Todas foram submetidas a artroplastia do quadril. O exame de densitometria óssea não mostrou diferença significativa. Na espessura média das trabéculas não houve diferença significativa, porém o número de trabéculas foi menor e a separação entre elas foi maior no grupo com fraturas.
A histomorphometry evaluation of the trabecular part of the femoral neck was performed in 13 women over 60 years old submitted to hip arthroplasty. Seven of these patients had a femoral neck fracture. The bone mineral density showed no difference between both groups. The average thickness did not have significant between both groups, but the trabecular separation was higher and the number of trabecular bone was lower in the fracture group.
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Pacheco, Andrielle de Bitencourt. "AVALIAÇÃO ANTROPOSCÓPICA E CEFALOMÉTRICA DO PERFIL E DA TENDÊNCIA FACIAL E SUA RELAÇÃO COM AS FUNÇÕES ESTOMATOGNÁTICAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6547.

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Introduction: the profile and the facial tendency constitute the variation of bone and muscle structures of the individual, and may influence directly in the chewing, swallowing and breathing functions. Thus, the evaluation of these aspects is essential for Orofacial clinical work. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the cephalometric and anthrophoscopic evaluation on the classification of profile and facial tendency, as well as to evaluate the association of these skeletal features with the functions of the stomatognathic system. Method: the sample consisted of 35 childrens, aged between six and twelve years, undergoing anthroposcopic evaluation with photographic documentation, with cephalometric and otorhinolaryngology evaluation. To verify the agreement between cephalometric and anthroposcopic evaluation was used the Kappa test. The association between profile and the facial tendency with the stomatognathic changes was analyzed using the Qui-square and Fisher Exact Test. Was adopted a significance level of p <0.05 for all tests. Results: the concordance among the judges in the classification of profile and the facial tendency was moderate. The concordance between the cephalometric and anthroposcopic evaluation as to profile was not possible as to analyze and the tendency was weak. Was observed good concordance between judges for the chewing variables and weak concordance for the swallowing variables. Was not found significant association between stomatognathic function and no association was found between stomatognathic functions with the facial profile and tendency. Conclusion: concludes that assessments and cephalometric antroposcópica differ and that changes stomatognathic not depend only on a few isolated variables.
Introdução: o perfil e a tendência facial constituem a variação de estruturas ósseas e musculares do indivíduo podendo influenciar diretamente nas funções de mastigação, deglutição e respiração. Por essa razão, a avaliação destes aspectos é essencial para a atuação clínica em motricidade orofacial. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a concordância entre a avaliação antroposcópica e cefalométrica quanto à classificação do perfil e da tendência facial, bem como, analisar a associação dessas características esqueléticas com as funções do sistema estomatognático. Metodologia: a amostra foi constituída por 35 crianças, com idades entre seis e doze anos, submetidas à avaliação antroposcópica com documentação fotográfica, avaliação cefalométrica e otorrinolaringológica. Para verificar a concordância entre as avaliações antroposcópica e cefalométrica utilizou-se o teste Kappa. A associação entre perfil e tendência facial com as alterações estomatognáticas foi analisada através dos testes Qui-Quadrado e Teste Exato de Fischer. Adotou-se nível de significância p<0,05 para todos os testes. Resultados: a concordância entre as juízas na classificação do perfil e da tendência facial foi moderada. A concordância entre as avaliações antroposcópica e cefalométrica quanto ao perfil não foi possível analisar e, quanto à tendência, foi fraca. Observou-se boa concordância entre juízas para as variáveis da mastigação e concordância fraca para as da deglutição e não foi encontrada associação entre funções estomatognáticas com o perfil e a tendência facial. Conclusão: conclui-se que as avaliações antroposcópica e cefalométrica diferem em relação ao perfil e à tendência facial e que as alterações estomatognáticas não dependem apenas das variáveis analisadas.
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Miszkiewicz, Justyna J. "Ancient human bone histology and behaviour." Thesis, University of Kent, 2014. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/38319/.

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Smith, Caitlin Caryl Danielle. "Giraffa camelopardalis: limb bone histology through ontogeny." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32351.

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Although there are many studies on mammalian bone histology, there are only a few that have examined the bone histology of artiodactyls, or focused specifically on osteohistological changes during ontogeny. The current study investigates the microanatomy and histology of giraffe limb bones through ontogeny. Mid-diaphyseal sections of humeri, radii, metacarpals, femora, and tibiae of 14 individuals representing individuals of known sex, as well as at different ontogenetic stages (foetal, juveniles, subadults, and adults). Thin sections were prepared for all the bones, and microanatomical (using Bone Profiler) and histological analyses were conducted on each of the sections. The study examined three main aspects, 1) Crosssectional shape changes in limb bones through ontogeny, 2) Histological changes through ontogeny in each of the limb bones, and 3) Histovariability among skeletons. The results of the study show that the foetus and juvenile individuals have round cross-sections, with small vacant medullary cavities, while cross sections of older individuals tend to be oval with variable amounts of cancellous bone surrounding the medullary cavity. The highest bone compactness values were obtained for the humerus and femur of the foetus, whereas the radius, metacarpal, and tibia bone compactness values are similar across the age classes. In terms of histology, this study found that the earlier ontogenetic stages had highly vascularised fibrolamellar bone in their cortices, which contrasts with that of the subadults and adults where more slowly deposited bone tissue occurs. These observations indicate that after rapid initial growth during early ontogeny, osteogenesis (and overall growth) slows down. This research also documents the fusion of the metacarpal III and IV, and the associated changes that occur in the histology. The study also highlights that the tibia is the only bone that has long radial vascular canals in the cortex. Overall the results of this study have provided a much better understanding of the bone histology of giraffes during ontogeny and has therefore filled an important gap in our knowledge of mammalian bone tissues. Furthermore, this study has direct implications for any future palaeohistological studies of fossil giraffids from Langebaanweg in South Africa.
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Romero, Rodney Gray. "The histology of bone and its piezoelectric characteristics." Thesis, Kingston University, 1986. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20508/.

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An investigation into the effects of micro electric currents on the material of bone is presented along with a review of the ideas and concepts associated with bone’s response to load and the alleged piezoelectric phenomena. A comparison is made between the structure of bone, its strength and stress generated potential. Evidence is forwarded to show that micro currents may influence the behaviour of bone material and it is demonstrated that these effects may be understood through reference to the limiting molar conductivities of the ions in the material and the solutions used.
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Books on the topic "Bones Histology"

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Jiang, Yebin. Radiology and histology in the assessment of bone quality. Leuven: Catholic University of Leuven, Faculty of Medicine, Arthritis and Metabolic Bone Disease Research Unit, 1995.

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R, Bartl, ed. Biopsy interpretation of bone and bone marrow: Histology and immunohistology in paraffin and plastic. London: Arnold, 1999.

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Forerunners of mammals: Radiation, histology, biology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012.

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1938-, Walker Alan, and Bichell David, eds. The human skeleton. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1985.

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Hermann, Schmidt. Borderlands of normal and early pathologic findings in skeletal radiography. 4th ed. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1993.

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W, Axelrod Douglas, and Melsen Flemming, eds. Bone histomorphometry. New York: Raven Press, 1994.

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Adams, Bradley J. Comparative skeletal anatomy: A photographic atlas for medical examiners, coroners, forensic anthropologists, and archaeologists. Totowa, N.J: Humana, 2008.

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Bones: A study of the development and structure of the vertebrate skeleton. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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J, Crabtree Pam, and Santucci Gina, eds. Comparative skeletal anatomy: A photographic atlas for medical examiners, coroners, forensic anthropologists, and archaeologists. Totowa, N.J: Humana, 2008.

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An, Yuehuei Huey, and Kylie L. Martin. Handbook of histology methods for bone and cartilage. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bones Histology"

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de Buffrénil, Vivian, Eli Amson, Alexandra Quilhac, Dennis F. A. E. Voeten, and Michel Laurin. "Microanatomical Features of Bones and Their Basic Measurement." In Vertebrate Skeletal Histology and Paleohistology, 59–84. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351189590-4.

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Main, Russell P., Erin L. R. Simons, and Andrew H. Lee. "Interpreting Mechanical Function in Extant and Fossil Long Bones." In Vertebrate Skeletal Histology and Paleohistology, 688–723. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351189590-34.

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Grupe, Gisela, and Ute Dreses-Werringloer. "Decomposition Phenomena in Thin Sections of Excavated Human Bones." In Histology of Ancient Human Bone: Methods and Diagnosis, 27–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77001-2_3.

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Adler, Claus-Peter. "Normal Anatomy and Histology." In Bone Diseases, 13–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04088-1_2.

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Bauer, T. W., and B. N. Stulberg. "The Histology of Osteonecrosis and its Distinction from Histologic Artifacts." In Bone Circulation and Vascularization in Normal and Pathological Conditions, 283–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2838-8_31.

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Darby, A. J. "Histology of the Failed Implant." In Implant Bone Interface, 51–57. London: Springer London, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1811-4_8.

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Bonucci, Ermanno. "The Histology, Histochemistry, and Ultrastructure of Bone." In Bone Regulatory Factors, 15–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1508-8_2.

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Nehrer, Stefan, and Myron Spector. "Histology of Articular Cartilage Repair." In Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage, 411–21. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-417-7_30.

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Agotegaray, Mariela. "Anatomy, Histology and Physiology of Bone." In Silica-Based Nanotechnology for Bone Disease Treatment, 7–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64130-6_2.

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Scarano, Antonio, Giovanna Iezzi, and Adriano Piattelli. "Common Fixatives In Hard-Tissue Histology." In Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage, 159–65. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-417-7_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bones Histology"

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Bonnevie, Edward D., Laura Barito, Matthew Aldridge, Liyun Wang, David L. Burris, and X. Lucas Lu. "Frictional Coefficient of TMJ Disc and Condylar Cartilage." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80643.

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Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the only diarthrodial joint in human head, is composed of two articulating bones covered by cartilage with an extra disc between the two cartilage surfaces. The rotation and gliding motions of TMJ allow us to talk, chew, and yawn. Dislocation of the disc or degeneration of the cartilage can severely ruin the congruity and integrality of TMJ and further leads to TMJ disorders (TMD). Histology studies showed that the composition and structure of condylar cartilage do not resemble any other fibrocartilages [1], our recent study also found that the condylar cartilage is much softer than cartilage in other joints [2]. The condyle is fully covered by the disc, which glides on the condyle cartilage during daily activities [3]. Little is known about the frictional coefficients of these cartilaginous tissues in TMJ. In this study, using a novel custom-built tribometer, we propose to investigate: 1) the frictional coefficients of condylar cartilage and disc at five different regions, and 2) the dependency of frictional coefficient on sliding speed and loading magnitude.
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Jansen, Sanne M. A., Paul Cernohorsky, Daniel M. de Bruin, Edwin van der Pol, Cemile D. Savci-Heijink, Simon D. Strackee, Dirk J. Faber, and Ton G. van Leeuwen. "Quantitative assessment of optical properties in healthy cartilage and repair tissue by optical coherence tomography and histology (Conference Presentation)." In Optics in Bone Surgery and Diagnostics, edited by Andreas Mandelis and Michael D. Morris. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2209341.

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Jaecques, Siegfried V. N., Els De Smet, Luiza Muraru, John A. Jansen, Martine Wevers, Jos Vander Sloten, and Ignace E. Naert. "Peri-Implant Bone Adaptation Under Dynamic Mechanical Stimulation: The Guinea Pig Model." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58582.

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The present work is part of a larger project to analyse adaptive bone remodelling around implants that receive controlled mechanical stimulation immediately post-operatively. Percutaneous implants in the tibiae of guinea pigs are used as an implant model [1]. For evaluation, microfocus computed tomography (μCT) can be used to complement or partially substitute conventional histology [2]. In the studied model implant system, μCT-based histomorphometry can be used as a substitute for histology in regions at a distance of more than 1000 μm from the titanium implant. Within this limitation, a significant effect of mechanical stimulation can be observed also under in vivo μCT conditions. The optimally osteogenic stimulus in the studied model should cause a strain rate amplitude of 1600 microstrain/s or less in the cortical bone at a distance of 2.3 mm from the implant centre. Future work will include a detailed study of strains in the peri-implant bone with in vivo micro CT-based finite element models.
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Bowers, Grant Walter, Simone Hoffmann, and Michael D. D'Emic. "LONG BONE HISTOLOGY OF THE LARGE PALEOGENE MAMMAL CORYPHODON." In 72nd Annual GSA Rocky Mountain Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020rm-346735.

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Lagemaat, M. W., L. G. E. Cox, M. L. Reilingh, C. C. van Donkelaar, B. van Rietbergen, L. Blankevoort, C. N. van Dijk, and K. Ito. "Fluid Pressure May Lead to Subchondral Bone Cyst Development via Mechanoregulated Bone Remodeling." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19582.

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Ankle trauma associated with an osteochondral defect (OD) of the talus often leads to subchondral bone cysts (Fig. 1, left). These cysts are associated with persistent ankle pain, thereby limiting the patients’ mobility [1]. Histology suggests that bone cyst development may occur in different stages, since some cysts are found to contain fluid, while others contain soft tissues. In addition, talar cysts may grow or shrink in time, and develop a sclerotic rim. The exact mechanism behind the development of talar cysts is unclear, but it has been proposed that fluid intrusion from the joint space through the OD plays a key role [1,2]. Pressurization of this fluid may have an osteolytic effect on the surrounding bone, thereby enlarging the cyst cavity.
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Arthur, Tara L., and Lorna J. Gibson. "Accumulation of Microdamage With Increasing Strain in Bovine Trabecular Bone." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0161.

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Abstract Microcracks are present in normal human bone, and microcracks are thought to be a stimulus for bone remodeling. When there is an imbalance between microcrack creation and repair, microdamage can accumulate and result in bone fracture. Seventeen specimens were tested in monotonic compression to one of six total strain levels. Chelating fluorochromes were used to label cracks and distinguish between microdamage created before and during testing. Histology specimens were observed under epifluorescence for microdamage in the form of microcracks. The number of cracks, sum of the crack lengths, and frequency distribution were recorded for each specimen. Microdamage accumulated non-linearly with increasing total strain on the specimen, but the mean crack length remained the same with increasing damage.
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Hage, Ilige S., and Ramsey F. Hamade. "Structural-Feature-Attribute-Based Segmentation of Optical Images of Bone Slices Using Optimized Pulse Coupled Neural Networks (PCNN)." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62265.

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In this work, we apply an image segmentation technique that uses pulse coupled neural networks to automatically discern the micro-features of cortical bone histology. In order to properly identify them, we exploit the geometric attributes of these micro features namely shape (i.e., circular or elliptical). These micro-constituent attributes are used as targets for the fitness function of the optimization method (particle swarm optimization, PSO) that was combined with PCNN along with an adaptive threshold, (T) that finds the best value for T between two segmented regions. The result is an optimal set of PCNN parameters that was found in this work to yield good-quality segmented pulses of the various micro-features of 2 different cortical bone images.
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Ilgenstein, Bernd, Hans Deyhle, Claude Jaquiery, Christoph Kunz, Anja Stalder, Stefan Stübinger, Gernot Jundt, Felix Beckmann, Bert Müller, and Simone E. Hieber. "Combined micro computed tomography and histology study of bone augmentation and distraction osteogenesis." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Stuart R. Stock. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.929616.

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Murienne, Barbara J., Michael J. Girard, Lise Loerup, Alexandra Boussommier-Calleja, Sandra J. Shefelbine, Massimo Marenzana, and C. Ross Ethier. "An Automated Histologic System for 3D Histomorphometry of the Mouse Knee." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53443.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is a leading cause of adult pain and disability in Western countries1. Clinically, several structural features of the joint are important in diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy, e.g. cartilage volume, homogeneity and joint space narrowing2,3. In animal models of OA, structural features such as bone defects and cartilage changes are commonly investigated using histomorphometry, a technique that uses stereological point counting and manual tracing of regions of interest to extract 3-dimensional (3D) geometrical properties from 2D histology slides. This is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variations, hence limiting precision 4,5. Therefore, a technique for rapidly imaging joint structures in 3D at high resolution, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone, is currently needed in pre-clinical OA research.
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van Eekelen, Leander, Hans Pickaers, Konnie M. Hebeda, and Geert Litjens. "Multi-class semantic cell segmentation and classification of aplasia in bone marrow histology images." In Digital Pathology, edited by John E. Tomaszewski and Aaron D. Ward. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2549654.

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