Journal articles: 'Bone piezoelectricity'

1

Yu, Peng, Chengyun Ning, Yu Zhang, Guoxin Tan, Zefeng Lin, Shaoxiang Liu, Xiaolan Wang, et al. "Bone-Inspired Spatially Specific Piezoelectricity Induces Bone Regeneration." Theranostics 7, no. 13 (2017): 3387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.19748.

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FERNÁNDEZ, J. R., J. M. GARCÍA-AZNAR, and R. MARTÍNEZ. "Numerical analysis of a piezoelectric bone remodelling problem." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 23, no. 5 (May 25, 2012): 635–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792512000150.

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Although in recent years bone piezoelectricity has been normally neglected, lately a new interest has appeared to show the importance of bone piezoelectricity in wet bone's complex response to loading. Here we numerically study a problem, including a strain-adaptive bone remodelling and the piezoelectricity. Its variational formulation leads to a coupled system composed of two linear variational equations for displacements and electric potential, and a parabolic variational inequality for the apparent density. Fully discrete approximations are now introduced by using the finite element method to approximate spatial variable and the explicit Euler scheme to discretise time derivatives. Some a priori error estimates are proved and the linear convergence of the algorithm is deduced under additional regularity conditions. Finally, some one- and two-dimensional numerical simulations are described to show the accuracy of the proposed algorithm and the behaviour of the solution.

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Marino, A. A., and B. D. Gross. "Piezoelectricity in cementum, dentine and bone." Archives of Oral Biology 34, no. 7 (1989): 507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(89)90087-3.

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Kubo, Toshikazu. "Piezoelectricity of bone and electrical callus." Journal of Orthopaedic Science 17, no. 2 (January 2012): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00776-012-0219-7.

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Minary-Jolandan, Majid, and Min-Feng Yu. "Shear piezoelectricity in bone at the nanoscale." Applied Physics Letters 97, no. 15 (October 11, 2010): 153127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3503965.

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Aba, Arda, and Celaletdin Ergun. "Phase Stability in Hydroxyapatite / Barium Titanate Piezo Bioceramics." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.1.

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It has been reported in the biocompatibility researches performed in-vivo and in-vitro that the electric signals produced by piezoelectric implants may induce accelerated healing of the injured tissue after implantation. Barium titanate (BaTiO3; BTO), as a well known piezoelectric ceramic, is a suitable candidate to be used in these kind of biomedical researches about the effect of the electrical polarity and piezoelectricity on tissues. The excellent biocompatibility and faster bone adaptation characteristics of hydroxylapatite (HA) have been well documented in the literature. Therefore, HA / BTO composites may be a suitable bioceramic material introducing both the piezo effect and biocompatibility at the same time. However, the main point to process such composites should be to keep HA and BTO phases as stable as possible not to loose the biocompatibility of HA and the piezoelectricity of BTO ceramics. In this research HA / BTO, piezo-composites were prepared with powder mixing method in various mixing ratios and sintered at the temperatures between 500 and 1300 oC. Sintering was carried out under different atmospheres to evaluate the effect of atmosphere on the phase stability of composites. Then composites are characterized with XRD, DTA, density measurements and d33 piezoelectricty coefficient measurements.

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Zhang, Y., A. Gandhi, J. Zeglinski, M. Gregor, and S. Tofail. "A complementary contribution to piezoelectricity from bone constituents." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 19, no. 4 (August 2012): 1151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2012.6259983.

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Cerrolaza, Miguel, Vannessa Duarte, and Diego Garzón-Alvarado. "Analysis of Bone Remodeling Under Piezoelectricity Effects Using Boundary Elements." Journal of Bionic Engineering 14, no. 4 (December 2017): 659–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1672-6529(16)60432-8.

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Lee, Ka Yan Karen, Michelle K. Nyein, David F. Moore, J. D. Joannopoulos, Simona Socrate, Timothy Imholt, Raul Radovitzky, and Steven G. Johnson. "Blast-induced electromagnetic fields in the brain from bone piezoelectricity." NeuroImage 54 (January 2011): S30—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.042.

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Singh, V. R., and S. Yadav. "Alpha quartz as a new source of piezoelectricity in bone." Journal of Biomedical Engineering 14, no. 1 (January 1992): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-5425(92)90041-i.

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Noris-Suárez, Karem, Joaquín Lira-Olivares, Ana M. Ferreira, Armando Graterol, Jose L. Feijoo, and Soo Wohn Lee. "Electrochemical Influence of Collagen Piezoelectric Effect in Bone Healing." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 981–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.981.

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Bone healing and growth are controlled by the rate of deposition of hidroxiapatite (HA). This process have been so far accredited to the work of osteoblasts, which are attracted by the electrical dipoles produced either by piezoelectricity, due to deformation of the bone, specially the collagen in it, or due to outside electrical stimuli. The present work shows that even without osteoblasts present, the piezoelectric dipoles produced by deformed collagen, can produce the precipitation of HA by electrochemical means, without catalyzer as in biomimetic deposition. These findings could clarify the contribution of osteoblasts in bone growth as compared to the electrochemical action by itself. Further studies ascertaining the osteoblastic activity due to the electric field are being advanced.

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Mohammadkhah, Melika, Dragan Marinkovic, Manfred Zehn, and Sara Checa. "A review on computer modeling of bone piezoelectricity and its application to bone adaptation and regeneration." Bone 127 (October 2019): 544–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2019.07.024.

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13

Stroe, M. C., J. M. Crolet, and M. Racila. "Mechanotransduction in cortical bone and the role of piezoelectricity: a numerical approach." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 16, no. 2 (February 2013): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2011.608661.

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14

Fernández, J. R., J. M. García-Aznar, and R. Martínez. "Piezoelectricity could predict sites of formation/resorption in bone remodelling and modelling." Journal of Theoretical Biology 292 (January 2012): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.09.032.

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15

Najjari, Aryan, Rouhollah Mehdinavaz Aghdam, S. A. Seyyed Ebrahimi, Shoma Suresh K, Sasirekha Krishnan, Chittibabu Shanthi, and Murugan Ramalingam. "Smart piezoelectric biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: a review." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 67, no. 2 (March 22, 2022): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2021-0265.

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Abstract Due to the presence of electric fields and piezoelectricity in various living tissues, piezoelectric materials have been incorporated into biomedical applications especially for tissue regeneration. The piezoelectric scaffolds can perfectly mimic the environment of natural tissues. The ability of scaffolds which have been made from piezoelectric materials in promoting cell proliferation and regeneration of damaged tissues has encouraged researchers in biomedical areas to work on various piezoelectric materials for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds. In this review article, the way that cells of different tissues like cardio, bone, cartilage, bladder, nerve, skin, tendon, and ligament respond to electric fields and the mechanism of tissue regeneration with the help of piezoelectric effect will be discussed. Furthermore, all of the piezoelectric materials are not suitable for biomedical applications even if they have high piezoelectricity since other properties such as biocompatibility are vital. Seen in this light, the proper piezoelectric materials which are approved for biomedical applications are mentioned. Totally, the present review introduces the recent materials and technologies that have been used for tissue engineering besides the role of electric fields in living tissues.

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Leonardo Magrin, Gabriel, Eder Alberto Sigua-Rodriguez, Douglas Rangel Goulart, and Luciana Asprino. "Piezosurgery in Bone Augmentation Procedures Previous to Dental Implant Surgery: A Review of the Literature." Open Dentistry Journal 9, no. 1 (December 23, 2015): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601509010426.

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The piezosurgery has been used with increasing frequency and applicability by health professionals, especially those who deal with dental implants. The concept of piezoelectricity has emerged in the nineteenth century, but it was applied in oral surgery from 1988 by Tomaso Vercellotti. It consists of an ultrasonic device able to cut mineralized bone tissue, without injuring the adjacent soft tissue. It also has several advantages when compared to conventional techniques with drills and saws, such as the production of a precise, clean and low bleed bone cut that shows positive biological results. In dental implants surgery, it has been used for maxillary sinus lifting, removal of bone blocks, distraction osteogenesis, lateralization of the inferior alveolar nerve, split crest of alveolar ridge and even for dental implants placement. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of piezosurgery in bone augmentation procedures used previously to dental implants placement.

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D’Alessandro, Delfo, Claudio Ricci, Mario Milazzo, Giovanna Strangis, Francesca Forli, Gabriele Buda, Mario Petrini, et al. "Piezoelectric Signals in Vascularized Bone Regeneration." Biomolecules 11, no. 11 (November 20, 2021): 1731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11111731.

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The demand for bone substitutes is increasing in Western countries. Bone graft substitutes aim to provide reconstructive surgeons with off-the-shelf alternatives to the natural bone taken from humans or animal species. Under the tissue engineering paradigm, biomaterial scaffolds can be designed by incorporating bone stem cells to decrease the disadvantages of traditional tissue grafts. However, the effective clinical application of tissue-engineered bone is limited by insufficient neovascularization. As bone is a highly vascularized tissue, new strategies to promote both osteogenesis and vasculogenesis within the scaffolds need to be considered for a successful regeneration. It has been demonstrated that bone and blood vases are piezoelectric, namely, electric signals are locally produced upon mechanical stimulation of these tissues. The specific effects of electric charge generation on different cells are not fully understood, but a substantial amount of evidence has suggested their functional and physiological roles. This review summarizes the special contribution of piezoelectricity as a stimulatory signal for bone and vascular tissue regeneration, including osteogenesis, angiogenesis, vascular repair, and tissue engineering, by considering different stem cell sources entailed with osteogenic and angiogenic potential, aimed at collecting the key findings that may enable the development of successful vascularized bone replacements useful in orthopedic and otologic surgery.

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Suzuyama, Hidehisa, Taisei Tsubata, Keigo Maehara, Atsushi Hosokawa, Takao Tsuchiya, and Mami Matsukawa. "FDTD simulation of induced potentials in bone by ultrasound irradiation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016181.

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Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) can shorten the healing time of fractures by irradiating low-power ultrasound. However, the full mechanism of bone fracture healing is still unknown. One possible mechanism is the ultrasonically induced electrical potential due to the weak piezoelectricity of bone. There are several studies reporting the acceleration of fracture healing due to electrical stimulation. In this study, the piezoelectric finite-difference time-domain (PE-FDTD) method, which is an elastic FDTD method with piezoelectric constitutive equations in the stress-charge form, was used to consider the induced electrical potentials. Simulations were performed with a heterogeneous digital model of the human radius created from the 3 D CT data. Assuming a fracture at the distal part of the radius, ultrasound in the MHz range entered bone perpendicular to the bone axis. The guided longitudinal waves first propagated along the pseudo-piped shape bone, followed by the weak shear and surface waves. However, the intensity of the electric field in the bone increased owing to the shear wave. Shear wave seems a key factor to understand the ultrasonically induced electrical potentials in bone.

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19

Barroca, N. B., A. L. Daniel-da-Silva, P. S. Gomes, M. H. R. Fernandes, S. Lanceros-Méndez, P. Sharma, A. Gruverman, M. H. V. Fernandes, and P. M.Vilarinho. "Suitability of PLLA as Piezoelectric Substrates for Tissue Engineering Evidenced by Microscopy Techniques." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, S5 (August 2012): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612012974.

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Since the discovery of the piezoelectric character of bone, the suitability of some piezoelectric materials have been studied for bone repair; they are thought to act like transducers converting the mechanical energy of skeletal deformation in electrical stimuli capable of controlling osteogenic growth. The mechanisms underlying this process are far from being understood and systematic studies at a local scale are required. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a unique way to observe phenomena at the nanoscale and liquid imaging provides a unique tool to assess biological phenomena at the nanoscale. So in this study, aiming at a better understanding of the role of piezoelectricity in the osteogenic growth, the interaction between a poled piezoelectric material, in this case poly (L-lactic) acid and an adhesion promoting protein, the fibronectin, and bone-like cells is evaluated by scanning probe microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

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20

Noris-Suárez, Karem, Joaquin Lira-Olivares, Ana Marina Ferreira, José Luis Feijoo, Nery Suárez, Maria C. Hernández, and Esteban Barrios. "In Vitro Deposition of Hydroxyapatite on Cortical Bone Collagen Stimulated by Deformation-Induced Piezoelectricity." Biomacromolecules 8, no. 3 (March 2007): 941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm060828z.

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21

González-Paz, Rodolfo J., Karem Noris-Suárez, José L. Feijoo, and Gema Gonzalez. "The Role of Water in Bone Nanohydroxyapatite Nucleation." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2558.

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In a previous study of the deposition of nanohydroxyapatite on demineralized cortical bone collagen stimulated by deformation-induced piezoelectricity was obtained in our lab. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions between the self-assembled nanostructure of bone collagen and water in presence and absence of hydroxyapatite (HAP) to elucidate which factors allowed such deposition in just four weeks without the presence of bone cells. It was found that the loss of the mineral phase in bone (HAP) contributes to decrease the thermal stability of the collagen nanostructures. An important increase on the free, bonded and structural water content was found in the bone matrix, directly related to the degree of demineralization reached by the collagen matrix with time. This demonstrates that the collagen nanostructure is able to restructure itself while losing the interactions with the mineral phase, establishing new interactions with the water molecule, orienting the dipoles of the collagen molecule. All these increase the piezoelectric character of the bone matrix and allows the collagen matrix to get prepared for a bone re-mineralization process without bone cells, due to the electrostatic interactions established with the calcium and phosphate ions of the external fluid of the extracellular matrix.

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Nishigaki, Tsutomu, and Shigeki Hontsu. "Effect of Poling Treatment on Piezoelectric Constant of Pulsed Laser Deposited Hydroxyapatite Thin Films." Key Engineering Materials 631 (November 2014): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.631.253.

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It has been well known that bone has piezoelectric properties and these properties have been considered to be caused by the shift of the center of symmetry of the positive and negative electrical charge due to the strain of the collagen fibers included in the bone. Thus, it has long been considered that there were no piezoelectric effects in the hexagonal hydroxyapatite (HAp) which has center of symmetry of crystal. However, in recent years, the piezoelectric property of artificially synthesized HAp was reported. In the authors’ previous report, a new result which showed the piezoelectricity of the hydroxyapatite (HAp) films fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method was reported. In this study, the effect of poling treatment on piezoelectric constant of pulsed laser deposited HAp films was investigated.

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Sun, Xiaowen, Yunyang Bai, Xiaona Zheng, Xiaochan Li, Yingying Zhou, Yijun Wang, Boon Chin Heng, and Xuehui Zhang. "Bone Piezoelectricity-Mimicking Nanocomposite Membranes Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Amplifying Cell Adhesion and Actin Cytoskeleton." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 1058–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3090.

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Ferroelectric biomaterials have been widely investigated and demonstrated to enhance osteogenesis by simulating the inherent electrical properties of bone tissues. Nevertheless, the underlying biological processes are still not wellunderstood. Hence, this study investigated the underlying biological processes by which bone piezoelectricity-mimicking barium titanate/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) nanocomposite membranes (BTO nanocomposite membranes) promote osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs). Ourresults revealed that the piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of nanocomposite membranes aftercontrolled corona poling was similar to that of native bone, and exhibited highly-stable piezoelectrical properties and concentrated surface electrical potential. These nanocomposite membranes significantly enhanced the adhesion and spreading of BMSCs, which was manifested as increased number and area of mature focal adhesions. Furthermore, the nanocomposite membranes significantly promoted the expression of integrin receptors genes (α1, α5 andβ3), which in turn enhanced osteogenesis of BMSCs, as manifested by upregulated Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) expression levels. Further investigations found that the Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK)-Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase1/2 (ERK 1/2) signaling axis may be involved in the biological process of polarized nanocomposite membrane-induced osteogenesis. This study thus provides useful insights for betterunderstanding of the biological processes by which piezoelectric or ferroelectric biomaterials promote osteogenesis.

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Bansod, Yogesh Deepak, Maeruan Kebbach, Daniel Kluess, Rainer Bader, and Ursula van Rienen. "Finite element analysis of bone remodelling with piezoelectric effects using an open-source framework." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 20, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 1147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01439-3.

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AbstractBone tissue exhibits piezoelectric properties and thus is capable of transforming mechanical stress into electrical potential. Piezoelectricity has been shown to play a vital role in bone adaptation and remodelling processes. Therefore, to better understand the interplay between mechanical and electrical stimulation during these processes, strain-adaptive bone remodelling models without and with considering the piezoelectric effect were simulated using the Python-based open-source software framework. To discretise numerical attributes, the finite element method (FEM) was used for the spatial variables and an explicit Euler scheme for the temporal derivatives. The predicted bone apparent density distributions were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated against the radiographic scan of a human proximal femur and the bone apparent density calculated using a bone mineral density (BMD) calibration phantom, respectively. Additionally, the effect of the initial bone density on the resulting predicted density distribution was investigated globally and locally. The simulation results showed that the electrically stimulated bone surface enhanced bone deposition and these are in good agreement with previous findings from the literature. Moreover, mechanical stimuli due to daily physical activities could be supported by therapeutic electrical stimulation to reduce bone loss in case of physical impairment or osteoporosis. The bone remodelling algorithm implemented using an open-source software framework facilitates easy accessibility and reproducibility of finite element analysis made.

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Jeong, Hyo-Geun, Yoon-Soo Han, Kyung-Hye Jung, and Young-Jin Kim. "Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composite Nanofibers Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane–Epigallocatechin Gallate Conjugate for Bone Tissue Regeneration." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020184.

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To provide adequate conditions for the regeneration of damaged bone, it is necessary to develop piezoelectric porous membranes with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, composite nanofibers comprising poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane–epigallocatechin gallate (POSS–EGCG) conjugate were fabricated by electrospinning methods. The resulting composite nanofibers showed three-dimensionally interconnected porous structures. Their average diameters, ranging from 936 ± 223 nm to 1094 ± 394 nm, were hardly affected by the addition of the POSS–EGCG conjugate. On the other hand, the piezoelectric β-phase increased significantly from 77.4% to 88.1% after adding the POSS–EGCG conjugate. The mechanical strength of the composite nanofibers was ameliorated by the addition of the POSS–EGCG conjugate. The results of in vitro bioactivity tests exhibited that the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) on the nanofibers increased with the content of POSS–EGCG conjugate because of the improved piezoelectricity and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the nanofibers. All results could suggest that the PVDF composite nanofibers were effective for guided bone regeneration.

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Minary-Jolandan, Majid, and Min-Feng Yu. "Uncovering Nanoscale Electromechanical Heterogeneity in the Subfibrillar Structure of Collagen Fibrils Responsible for the Piezoelectricity of Bone." ACS Nano 3, no. 7 (June 8, 2009): 1859–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn900472n.

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Li, Liao, and Tjong. "Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Fibrous Scaffolds with Piezoelectric Characteristics for Bone and Neural Tissue Engineering." Nanomaterials 9, no. 7 (June 30, 2019): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9070952.

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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (P(VDF-TrFE) with excellent piezoelectricity and good biocompatibility are attractive materials for making functional scaffolds for bone and neural tissue engineering applications. Electrospun PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) scaffolds can produce electrical charges during mechanical deformation, which can provide necessary stimulation for repairing bone defects and damaged nerve cells. As such, these fibrous mats promote the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone and neural cells on their surfaces. Furthermore, aligned PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) fibrous mats can enhance neurite growth along the fiber orientation direction. These beneficial effects derive from the formation of electroactive, polar β-phase having piezoelectric properties. Polar β-phase can be induced in the PVDF fibers as a result of the polymer jet stretching and electrical poling during electrospinning. Moreover, the incorporation of TrFE monomer into PVDF can stabilize the β-phase without mechanical stretching or electrical poling. The main drawbacks of electrospinning process for making piezoelectric PVDF-based scaffolds are their small pore sizes and the use of highly toxic organic solvents. The small pore sizes prevent the infiltration of bone and neuronal cells into the scaffolds, leading to the formation of a single cell layer on the scaffold surfaces. Accordingly, modified electrospinning methods such as melt-electrospinning and near-field electrospinning have been explored by the researchers to tackle this issue. This article reviews recent development strategies, achievements and major challenges of electrospun PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

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Mishra, Sakshi. "Review on Nanomaterials and Their Utilization in the Recovery of Waste Mechanical Energy by Using Piezoelectric Nanogenerators." Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arme-2019.8.2.2469.

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Nano scale materials are defined as a set of substances where at least one dimension is less than approximately 100 nanometers. A nanometer is one millionth of a millimeter- approximately 100,000 times smaller than the diameter of a human hair. Nanomaterials are of interest because at this scale unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties emerge. These emergent properties have the potential for great impacts in electronics, medicine, and other fields. Energy harvesting from the environment is one of the core features of a functional, self-sufficient nanosystem. Self-powered nanosystems combine the nanogenerator with functional nanodevices in order to harvest mechanical energy from the environment into electricity to power nanodevices. It can work independently, without any other external power sources. Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials (such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA and various proteins) in response to applied mechanical stress.Energy harvesting (or power scavenging) refers to capturing energy from environment, surrounding system or any other source and converting it into a usable form of energy to develop self-power system that doesn’t need external power supply e.g. piezoelectric process. In order to harvest the waste mechanical energy during various processes, piezoelectric properties of different materials such as ZnO can be utilised in order to convert the waste mechanical energy into electrical energy which could further be used.

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Wang, Zongtan, Yulan Liu, and Biao Wang. "Bond-Orbital-Resolved Piezoelectricity in Sp2-Hybridized Monolayer Semiconductors." Materials 15, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 7788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217788.

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Sp2-hybridized monolayer semiconductors (e.g., planar group III-V and IV-IV binary compounds) with inversion symmetry breaking (ISB) display piezoelectricity governed by their σ- and π-bond electrons. Here, we studied their bond-orbital-resolved electronic piezoelectricity (i.e., the σ- and π-piezoelectricity). We formulated a tight-binding piezoelectric model to reveal the different variations of σ- and π-piezoelectricity with the ISB strength (Δ). As Δ varied from positive to negative, the former decreased continuously, but the latter increased piecewise and jumped at Δ=0 due to the criticality of the π-electrons’ ground-state geometry near this quantum phase-transition point. This led to a piezoelectricity predominated by the π-electrons for a small |Δ|. By constructing an analytical model, we clarified the microscopic mechanisms underlying the anomalous π-piezoelectricity and its subtle relations with the valley Hall effect. The validation of our models was justified by applying them to the typical sp2 monolayers including hexagonal silicon carbide, Boron-X (X = N, P, As, Ab), and a BN-doped graphene superlattice.

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Zhao, Ling-Xu, and Jian Liu. "Piezoelectricity in binary wurtzite semiconductors: a first-principles study." Applied Physics Express 14, no. 12 (November 17, 2021): 121003. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/ac36b3.

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Abstract Using first-principles calculations, we investigate piezoelectricity in a wide range of binary wurtzite semiconductors. We find that piezoelectricity is intimately related to the bond character, e.g. the negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect (NLPE) tends to occur in covalent compounds. We further find a universal sign rule (negative clamped-ion term and positive internal-strain term) for piezoelectricity, and the NLPE occurs as a result of the domination of the former over the latter. Moreover, there exists an inverse linear correlation between the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric coefficients. This work may offer a simple criterion for efficient computational screening of materials exhibiting the NLPE.

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31

Pawlikowski, Maciej. "Electric Phenomenon in Bones as a Result of Piezoelectricity of Hydroxyapatite." Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research 01, no. 03 (2017): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26502/acbr.50170017.

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32

Sarma, J. V. N., Rajib Chowdhury, R. Jayaganthan, and F. Scarpa. "Atomistic Studies on Tensile Mechanics of BN Nanotubes in the Presence of Defects." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 01 (February 2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14500057.

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Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are of immense importance due to their many interesting functional features, notably biocompatibility and piezoelectricity and dominant mechanical strength as compared to carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The reliable implementation of these structures in an application is inherently related to its mechanical characteristics under external loads. The presence of defects in these structures severely affects the tensile properties. The effect of presence of point, line and Stone–Wales (SW) defects on the tensile behavior of BNNTs is systematically investigated by applying reactive force fields in molecular dynamics (MD) framework. Reactive force fields effectively describe the bond breaking and bond forming mechanism for BNNTs that are important for a practical situation. The Young's modulus of single-walled (10,0) BNNTs of length 100 nm has been found to be nearly 1.098 TPa, in good agreement with the available reports. The presence of defects has been shown to significantly reduce the tensile strength of the tube, while the number and separation of the defects effectively contribute to the percentage reduction. In addition, the effect of tube diameter and also the initial temperature are observed to strongly influence the tensile characteristics of BNNTs, indicating increased auxetic behavior than CNTs.

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Sun, Jian, Yi Gui Li, Jing Quan Liu, Chun Sheng Yang, Dan Nong He, Thanh Dau Van, Katsuhiko Tanaka, and Susumu Sugiyama. "Comparison of Bonding of Bulk PZT to Silicon by Intermediate Glass Layer and by Intermediate Au Layer." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 490–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.490.

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As an energy conversion material, piezoelectric ceramic lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been used in a wide range of areas. And a PZT wafer bonding with a silicon wafer technology is a promising method to fabricate micro-sensors and micro-actuators using well-established silicon machining techniques. In order to obtain the excellent piezoelectricity and suitable thickness from the bulk PZT, a method is presented. It is to bond a bulk PZT onto a silicon wafer via an intermediate layer. In this paper, two bonding methods are presented. One is to bond a bulk PZT with a silicon wafer by anodic bonding technique using a thin glass film as the intermediate layer. The other is to bond a bulk PZT with a silicon wafer by eutectic bonding using a thin gold film as the intermediate layer. The glass film is 2µm in thickness, deposited by sputtered method. Anodic bonding conditions are: 0.8MPa in pressure, 500 oC in temperature, 250V in voltage and different bonding time. The bonding strength test shows that the maximum bond strength is 13.93 MPa when the bonding time was 60 min. It is void-free structure in the interface of the PZT-Glass-Si structure. The gold film is 1.6µm in thickness, deposited by evaporation method. The eutectic bonding conditions are: 0.8MPa in pressure, 500 oC in temperature, and different bonding time. The bond strength of the PZT-Au-Si structure was tested and the maximum value was 13.19 MPa when the bonding time was 60 min.

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Zhou, Jing, Wen Chen, Hua Jun Sun, and Qing Xu. "Electron Structure and Piezoelectric Characteristics of PMZN System Piezoceramics." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.185.

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The electron structure of Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3(PZT), Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(PZN) and Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3 (PMS) systems was calculated by the SCF-DV-Xα calculation method. The effects of ABO3-type perovskite and pyrochlore ceramic electron structure on their piezoelectricity were also studied. The results showed that the ferroelectric phase is more stable than paraelectric phase and the necessary condition of stable existing ferroelectric is the mixed orbit of O2p orbit and the out layer d orbit of B-site atom. The stability of ferroelectricity can be indicated by the strength of mixed orbit. When (Zr, Ti) was substituted by Mn1/3Sb2/3, Zn1/3Nb2/3, if it could form tetragonal perovskite structure, the total system energy would reduce and the mixed orbit will enhance, which improves the ferroelectricity of PZT system. However, if it forms a cubic pyrochlore structure, the ferroelectricity would lose because the covalent bond strength of B-O (axial direction) and B-O (vertical axial direction) is different obviously, which lead to the system structure become unstable.

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Matsuo, Takuya, Shuhei Okuda, and Katsuyoshi Washio. "Growth and Characterization of ZnO Thin Film by RF Magnetron Sputtering for Photoacoustic Tomography Sensor." MRS Proceedings 1494 (2013): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.157.

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ABSTRACTTo apply thin ZnO film to photoacoustic tomography sensors, we investigated methods to improve its piezoelectricity with high optical transmittance. ZnO film was deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on a quartz substrate with various changes of the following conditions: RF sputtering power, Ar gas pressure, and substrate temperature (TSUB). The preliminary optimization of sputtering conditions is to form the ZnO film with good c-axis crystalline alignment. The results of X-ray diffraction measurement and cross-sectional observations indicated that the high-TSUB condition was preferable. This was because the desorption of Zn due to high-TSUB during the deposition process induced the formation of excellent columnar grains normal to the substrate. To enhance the piezoresponse, the substitution of Zn with different crystal-radius atoms was investigated, the aim being to increase the electrically neutral dipole moment by the partial displacement of the Zn-O bond. The transition metal V, with the potential to have the various configurations and coordination numbers, was selected as the dopant. As a result, it was confirmed that the diffraction peak from the (002) plane shifted to low angles with small degradation of the diffraction intensities.

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Bouree, F., J. L. Baudour, E. Elbadraoui, J. Musso, C. Laurent, and A. Rousset. "Crystal and magnetic structure of piezoelectric, ferrimagnetic and magnetoelectric aluminium iron oxide FeAlO3 from neutron powder diffraction." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 52, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768195010330.

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The crystal structure of FeAlO3 has been determined at T = 298 K by neutron diffraction, using polycrystalline samples prepared in a high state of purity. The space group is Pna21, Z = 8; a = 4.9839 (1), b = 8.5544 (2), c = 9.2413 (2) Å. The structure, which is isomorphous to that of FeGaO3, can be described as a double combination of hexagonal and cubic closed packing of oxygen ions. There are four different cation sites labelled Fe1, Fe2 (predominantly occupied by iron), Al1 and Al2 (predominantly occupied by aluminium). The oxygen environment of Al1 forms an almost regular tetrahedron. The other sites have a distorted octahedral environment, especially irregular for Fe1 and Fe2. The fractions fi of iron ions over the four cation sites are: f 1 = 0.78 (1), f 2 = 0.76 (1), f 3 = 0.10 (1) and f 4 = 0.34 (1). Neutron diffraction at T = 30 K reveals a classical Néel ferrimagnetism, the direction of easy magnetization being a, with strong `180° cation-anion-cation' super-exchange antiferromagnetic interactions Fe1—O—Fe2 and Fe1—O—Al2 (Al2 being a site occupied by 0.34 Fe). The Néel sublattices are A = Fe1 + Al1 and B = Fe2 + Al2. The average magnetic moment per atom is weak (3.4 ± 0.3 μB ) and the spontaneous magnetization at T = 30 K is extremely weak: 0.38 ± 0.17 μB per atom. Piezoelectricity probably originates in the bond arrangement of the four tetrahedral All sites in the unit cell, each tetrahedron being oriented with an Al1—O bond parallel to the polar c axis.

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Kwon, Jinha, and Hanna Cho. "Collagen piezoelectricity in osteogenesis imperfecta and its role in intrafibrillar mineralization." Communications Biology 5, no. 1 (November 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-04204-z.

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AbstractIntrafibrillar mineralization plays a critical role in attaining desired mechanical properties of bone. It is well known that amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) infiltrates into the collagen through the gap regions, but its underlying driving force is not understood. Based on the authors’ previous observations that a collagen fibril has higher piezoelectricity at gap regions, it was hypothesized that the piezoelectric heterogeneity of collagen helps ACP infiltration through the gap. To further examine this hypothesis, the collagen piezoelectricity of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), known as brittle bone disease, is characterized by employing Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM). The OI collagen reveals similar piezoelectricity between gap and overlap regions, implying that losing piezoelectric heterogeneity in OI collagen results in abnormal intrafibrillar mineralization and, accordingly, losing the benefit of mechanical heterogeneity from the fibrillar level. This finding suggests a perspective to explain the ACP infiltration, highlighting the physiological role of collagen piezoelectricity in intrafibrillar mineralization.

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Akbari, Narges, Sajedeh Khorshidi, and Akbar Karkhaneh. "Effect of piezoelectricity of nanocomposite electrospun scaffold on cell behavior in bone tissue engineering." Iranian Polymer Journal, April 23, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01047-7.

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Bansod, Yogesh Deepak, Maeruan Kebbach, Daniel Kluess, Rainer Bader, and Ursula van Rienen. "Computational Analysis of Bone Remodeling in the Proximal Tibia Under Electrical Stimulation Considering the Piezoelectric Properties." Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 9 (September 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.705199.

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The piezoelectricity of bone is known to play a crucial role in bone adaptation and remodeling. The application of an external stimulus such as mechanical strain or electric field has the potential to enhance bone formation and implant osseointegration. Therefore, in the present study, the objective is to investigate bone remodeling under electromechanical stimulation as a step towards establishing therapeutic strategies. For the first time, piezoelectric bone remodeling in the human proximal tibia under electro-mechanical loads was analyzed using the finite element method in an open-source framework. The predicted bone density distributions were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by comparing with the computed tomography (CT) scan and the bone mineral density (BMD) calculated from the CT, respectively. The effect of model parameters such as uniform initial bone density and reference stimulus on the final density distribution was investigated. Results of the parametric study showed that for different values of initial bone density the model predicted similar but not identical final density distribution. It was also shown that higher reference stimulus value yielded lower average bone density at the final time. The present study demonstrates an increase in bone density as a result of electrical stimulation. Thus, to minimize bone loss, for example, due to physical impairment or osteoporosis, mechanical loads during daily physical activities could be partially replaced by therapeutic electrical stimulation.

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Bagherzadeh, Elham, Zahra Sherafat, Seyed Mojtaba Zebarjad, Azin Khodaei, and Saber Amin Yavari. "Stimuli-Responsive Piezoelectricity in Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Fibrous Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration." Journal of Materials Research and Technology, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.01.007.

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Shah, Sanika S., Amit Jagtap, Shwetha Shetty, and Pooja Kachi. "SUCCESS RATE OF DENTAL IMPLANTS PLACED WITH PIEZOELECTRIC RIDGE SPLITTING - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Journal of Indian Dental Association, February 24, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33882/jida.13.25522.

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BACKGROUND:Dental implants are being widely used in the last few years. Success is high, in the presence of overall good ridge width, but it's difficult in narrow alveolar ridge.Thus, different methods have been employed like bone ridge splitting/expansion. Conventional methods are carried out with chisels, disks or rotary instruments. Piezosurgery has made it far more easier,safer and has reduced the complications. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate success of dental implants placed with piezoelectric ridge splitting. DATA SOURCES:Data was searched through the database, PubMed and Ebscohost published between1st January 2003 till 31st October 2019. Search strategy was developed using keywords related to dental implants placed after piezoelectric ridge splitting. RESULTS:427 articles were identified through electronic database. After duplicate removal,and full text reading,11 articles qualified for qualitative synthesis in this review. LIMITATIONS 1. As all the databases were not accessible, inclusion of the studies is small. 2. Unpublished data was not included in this review. Not all studies provided baseline and end scores hence they were excluded from the calculation of statistical and clinical significance. CONCLUSION:According to this review study, dental implants placed in a ridge split using piezoelectricity have a high success rate of above96.2% and thus can be successfully employed. KEYWORDS :dental implant, piezoelectric, bone splitting, split crest, ridge split, ultrasonic.

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Omar, Mostafa M., Bohan Sun, Grant Kitchen, and Sung Hoon Kang. "Mechanically adaptive composites through piezoelectricity." Journal of Composite Materials, August 20, 2022, 002199832211218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983221121858.

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Continuous technological advances resulted in an ever-growing need for novel materials. In conventional engineering materials, cyclic loadings weaken materials by initiating cracks or degrading materials, which leads to premature failure. Contrarily, natural materials such as bones address the issue elegantly. Stress is utilized as a stimulus for material synthesis to strengthen the material. The salient difference between these natural material systems and their synthetic counterparts is their adaptive behavior. Adaptive materials can self-tune their properties in response to stimuli from the environment. Recently, growing attention has been directed towards adaptive materials owing to their autonomous “smart” behavior and multifunctionality. The goal of this article is to discuss the recent efforts in adaptive materials with a focus on mechanically adaptive materials based on piezoelectricity. The rationale behind these material systems is explained as well as an overview of different material systems and their implications. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges to overcome and prospects for future studies.

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Kitaura, Mamoru, Artoni Kevin R. Ang, Yuta Yamamoto, Naohisa Happo, Koji Kimura, Kouichi Hayashi, Shinta Watanabe, et al. "Atomic positions and displacements in piezoelectric materials Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 and Ca3TaGa1.5Al1.5Si2O14 investigated by Ta-Lα X-ray fluorescence holography." Frontiers in Materials 9 (September 2, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2022.977371.

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The atomic positions and displacements of atoms around the Ta atom in piezoelectric materials Ca3TaGa3Si2O7 (CTGS) and Ca3TaGa1.5Al1.5Si2O7 (CTGAS) were investigated at 100 K by Ta-Lα X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH). The experimental atomic images were compared with the simulated ones using the crystal structures of CTGS and CTGAS, which were determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD). The atomic positions agreed between XFH and SC-XRD experiments. With the help of XFH simulation, the displacements of Ta, Ca, Si, and Ga atoms relative to the Ta atom were qualitatively analyzed using experimental atomic image intensities. The relative displacement of the Ca atom was increased by Al substitution, while those of the Ta and Ga atoms were decreased. The first principles calculation based on density-functional theory (DFT) was performed to understand bonding character between constituents. The evaluation of the crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) clarified that the Ca-O bond has strong ionic character different with the other bonds, suggesting that the positional shift of the Ca atom is responsible for the piezoelectricity in CTGS. The effect of Al substitution on piezoelectricity was also considered based on the change in the Ca-O bond.

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Caro, Miguel A., Stefan Schulz, and Eoin P. O'Reilly. "Origin of nonlinear piezoelectricity in III-V semiconductors: Internal strain and bond ionicity from hybrid-functional density functional theory." Physical Review B 91, no. 7 (February 17, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.91.075203.

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Wang, Guang, Jia Li, Liu Ze, Yuming Jin, and Qian Zhang. "High Curie temperature, large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy and piezoelectricity in 2D tetrahedral VXCl (X=Te, Se, S) ＆ VMSe₂ (M=Al, Ga, In)." Semiconductor Science and Technology, August 5, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ac875f.

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Abstract The ferromagnetic semiconducting materials with tetrahedral coordination structure have lower crystal field repulsion energy and variable structure, which would be beneficial to achieve high Curie temperature and multiferroics. Based on density functional theory calculations, the monolayer VXCl (X=Te, Se, S) and VMSe2 (M=Al, Ga, In) with tetrahedral coordination structure are predicted to be ferromagnetic semiconductors with high Tc and large magnetocrystalline anisotropy. With the monolayer BiCrSe3 (Tc above 400K) being treated as the representative sample of octahedral materials, we reveal the disadvantages of two different coordination structures in 2D condition, namely tetrahedral and octahedral coordination, and find that modulation of bond angles is effective and feasible to enhance the magnetic exchange of tetrahedral materials. Moreover, the two series of predicted materials have favorable piezoelectric properties. Our work paves a feasible route for finding new low-dimensional ferromagnetic materials with excellent properties.

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Chen Xiao-Ming and Li Guo-Rong. "Large electrostrictive coefficients of BaTiO3-based lead-free ceramics." Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20220451.

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Micro-displacement actuators have important applications in aerospace, semiconductor, industry and other fields. Now most of the lead-based piezoelectric ceramics are used in the market. In consideration of environmental protection and legal restriction, it is urgent to develop lead-free ceramic materials with excellent electrostrictive properties. As a kind of ABO3-type ferroelectrics, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 (BCTZ) lead-free ceramics have attracted a lot of attention because of their high piezoelectricity. In this work, (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3 ceramics (BCTZ) with high electrostrictive coefficient were prepared by solid-state method. The effects of sintering temperature on the structure and electrical properties of BCTZ ceramics were studied. The results show that the sintering temperature promotes the improvement of density and grain growth of BCTZ ceramics.There is no impurity phase in the BCTZ ceramic systems, and all samples show an ABO3-type perovskite structure. At room temperature, the crystal structure of BCTZ ceramics forms coexistence of orthogonal (O)-tetragonal (T) phase. The dielectric peak of BCTZ ceramics is widened, and the Curie temperature reaches the maximum (110℃) when Ts=1300℃. With the increase of sintering temperature, the dielectric peak of BCTZ ceramics gradually become narrowed, and the Curie temperature of ceramics moved to low temperature.As the sintering temperature is 1300℃, the grain size of BCTZ ceramics is 1 μm, the large electrostrictive coefficient Q33 (5.84×10-2m4/C2) can be obtained, which is about twice that of traditional PZT ceramics. This may be attributed to combination between the surface effect caused by grain size of BCTZ ceramics and the strong ionic nature of A-O chemical bond. In addition, although BCTZ ceramics have O-T phase boundary near room temperature, the electrostrictive coefficient Q33 of ceramics has good temperature stability in the range of 25-100℃. It shows that the crystal phase and temperature have no effect on the electrostrictive coefficient of BCTZ lead-free ceramics. It provides a new idea for the design of high electrostrictive properties of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with potential application.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bone piezoelectricity'

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