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1
Cui, Lu. "Hydrogen Bonding and Cucurbituril Complexation as Self-Assembly Mechanisms." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/450.
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The supramolecular interactions of small organic molecules with different host molecules are investigated in this dissertation. Additionally, the author also describes the self-assembly mechanisms in hydrogen bonding motif. These studies were carried out by many techniques including, NMR, cyclic voltammetry, steady state voltammetry, mass spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Chapter 1 introduces the science of supramolecular chemistry and the background of cucurbiturils, one of the most important host molecules studied in this research work. It describes the structures and binding behaviors of each host molecule. Additionally, the selectivity and binding properties in the host-guest interactions involved cucurbiturils are discussed. Chapter 2 compares the electrochemical properties of cationic and neutral ferrocene derivatives upon addition of cucurbiturils. It is observed that the cationic ferrocene compounds bind to cucurbit[7]uril much stronger compared to the neutral ferrocene compounds. The positive charged side chains favor to interact with cucurbit[7]uril portals and thus stabilize the complexes. Besides, the author describes a simple analytical method to determine the binding constants by a competitive binding with a standard reference compound, cobaltocenium, which is reported to bind strongly to cucurbit[7]uril. Chapter 3 described the research of the pH-dependent binding affinity between cucurbit[7]uril and ferrocene guests. The electrochemical behavior of ferrocene moiety in aqueous solution was investigated by cyclic voltammetry in the presence of cucurbit[7]uril in acidic and basic environment respectively. The protonation and deprotonation processes affect the binding behaviors of the ferrocene residues with cucurbit[7]uril. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis and characterization of a new series of 4-phenyl-pyridinium derivatives. These compounds contain a phenyl-pyridinium residue which is favorable to be bound by cucurbit[8]uril. The 1:1 and 1:2 host-guest binding stoichiometries are both observed by UV-visible spectroscopy. These new compounds can be dimerized encapsulated inside the cucurbit[8]uril portals without being electrochemical reduced. Chapter 5 is a brief introduction into the science of hydrogen bonding. This chapter investigates the application of multiple hydrogen-bonding in supramolecular chemistry extensively. Multiple hydrogen bonds with their directionality and reversibility are of great interest and importance in the design and investigations of well-defined supramolecular assemblies. The potential of hydrogen bonding is limitless and is still developing. Chapter 6 describes the synthesis and photochemical behaviors of a series of ureido-pyrimidione derivatives. All of the DDAA derivatives form stable, non-covalent dimers in non-polar solvents. The dimeric molecular assemblies of these hydrogen bonding motifs in their DDAA pyrimidinedione units are investigated by NMR, X-ray crystallography, fluorescence spectroscopy and computations. Additionally, their hetero-dimerization is well studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The observation and comparison of fluorescence quenching on the photochemical fluorophore for each compound by ferrocene-DDAA and isopropyl-DDAA reveal the electron transfer process through the quadruple hydrogen bonding motifs.
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Long, Yangyang [Verfasser]. "Investigations on the mechanisms of ultrasonic wire bonding : Untersuchungen zu den Mechanismen des Ultraschall-Drahtbondens / Yangyang Long." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1187440396/34.
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Hussain, Tanvir. "A study of bonding mechanisms and corrosion behaviour of cold sprayed coatings." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11811/.
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Cold gas dynamic spraying (CDGS) is a material deposition technique, in which powder particles are accelerated to speeds of between 300-1200 m/s and upon impact deform plastically and adhere. The overall aims of this research project were to understand the bonding behaviour in cold spraying of copper, aluminium and titanium, and to produce corrosion resistance barrier layer of titanium coatings using cold spraying. The mechanism of bonding in cold spraying is still a matter of some debate. In this thesis, copper has been cold sprayed onto aluminium alloy substrates, the surfaces of which had been prepared in a variety of ways. The coating - substrate bonding was assessed via a novel intermetallic growth method along with adhesive pull-off testing. The bond strength has been rationalised in terms of a modified composite strength model, with two operative bonding mechanisms, namely (i) metallurgical bonding and (ii) mechanical interlocking of substrate material into the coating. In most cases, mechanical interlocking is able to account for a large proportion of the total bond strength, with metallurgical bonding only contributing significantly when the substrate had been polished and annealed prior to spraying. In addition, grit-blasting has been shown to significantly reduce the bond strength compared to other substrate preparation methods. Aluminium has also been cold sprayed onto copper substrates, the mechanical interlocking of substrate material was not observed and the bond strength was relatively low. Titanium particles have been deposited onto three different steel substrates, namely low carbon steel, an Armco iron, and an austenitic stainless steel. Using the novel intermetallic growth method it was found that a barrier does exist at the interface of the titanium deposited onto the low carbon steel and Armco iron substrates which is not removed in either of the stages of impact or during the heat treatment process. On the other hand, in the case of titanium deposited onto the austenitic stainless steel, the barrier is removed. Cold spraying is believed to have the potential for the deposition of corrosion resistant barrier coatings. However, to be effective, a barrier coating must not have interconnected porosity. Titanium coatings were sprayed using nitrogen as an accelerant gas at two process gas temperatures of 600 and 800˚C to reduce porosity. A modified in-situ grit blasting was used to improve the coating-substrate adhesion. The mean bond strength of the titanium deposits was ~70 MPa and tensile strength was 250 MPa. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was used to characterize the interconnected porosity over a size range of micrometers to nanometers. The MIP results showed that in cold sprayed deposits a significant proportion of the porosity was sub-micron and so could not be reliably measured by optical microscope based image analysis. A set of free standing deposits was also vacuum heat treated to further decrease porosity levels. The effect of porosity on the corrosion behaviour of titanium coatings onto carbon steels was investigated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl. The electrochemical measurements of the coatings showed significant substrate influence when the interconnected porosity of the coating was 11.3 vol.% but a decreased substrate influence with a porosity level of 5.9 vol.%. Salt spray (fog) tests confirmed these electrochemical findings and showed the formation of corrosion products following 24-h exposure. Laser surface melting (LSM) was used to seal the top ~140 μm of the coating to eliminate any interconnected porosity. The LSM titanium coatings showed no sign of corrosion after 100-h of salt spray tests, and the open circuit potential and passive current density values were similar to those of the bulk titanium.
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Ong, Markus D. "Novel bonding and releasing mechanisms for film transfer in three-dimensional structures /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Abdallah, Sadoon Mushrif. "Bonding mechanisms and strength of hooked-end steel fibre reinforced cementitious composites." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15827.
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Concrete is a strong material as to its compressive strength. However, it is a material with a low tensile and shear strength, and brittleness at failure. Concrete has to be reinforced with appropriate materials. Steel fibre is one of the most common materials currently being used to develop reinforced concrete, which may replace partially or completely conventional steel reinforcement. Successful reinforcement of concrete composite is closely related to the bond characteristics between the reinforcing fibre and matrix. The effective utilisation of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) requires in-depth and detailed understanding of bonding mechanisms governing the tensile behaviour. In response to this demand, this study embraced two main areas: understanding the reinforcing mechanisms of fibres in SFRC and material's post-cracking behaviour. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical programmes have therefore been developed: the experimental work is subdivided into three parts. The first part was to investigate the effect of various physical parameters, such as fibre characteristics (i.e. geometry, inclination angle, embedded length, diameter and tensile strength) and matrix strength which controls the pull-out behaviour of steel fibres. The second part is concerned with the assessment of the bond mechanisms of straight and hooked end fibres after exposure to elevated temperatures and varying matrix strength. The third part is devoted to gain further insight on the bond mechanisms governing the post-cracking behaviour through uniaxial and bending tests. It was found that the varying hook geometry and matrix strength each had a major influence on the pull-out response of hooked end fibres. As the number of the hook's bends increased, the mechanical anchorage provided by fibre resulted in significant improvement of mechanical properties of SFRC. The reduction in bond strength at elevated temperatures is found to be strongly related to the degradation in properties of the constituent materials, i.e. the fibre and concrete. The most effective combination of matrix strength and fibre geometry was found to be as follows: 3DH (single bend) fibre with normal-medium strength matrix, 4DH (double bend) fibre with high strength matrix and 5DH (triple bend) fibre with ultra-high performance matrix. Two analytical models to predict the pull-out behaviour of hooked end fibres were developed. Both models were able to predict the pull-out response of SFRC made from a variety of fibre and matrix characteristics at ambient temperature. This work has established a comprehensive database to illustrate the bonding mechanisms of SFRC and anchorage strengthening of various hooked end fibres, and this should contribute towards an increasing interest and growing number of structural applications of SFRC in construction.
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Hoque, Abdul. "Bonding mechanisms in the application of thermal barrier coatings to turbine blades." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2004. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19825/.
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Thermal barrier coatings (TBC's) are used to protect gas turbine blades from environmental degradation as well as to increase thermodynamic efficiency. Most TBC systems consist of a ceramic thermal barrier coating such as partially stabilized zirconia adhering to an oxidation resistant bond coat, which in turn is bonded to the turbine blade. This is required since partially stabilised zirconia will not readily bond to superalloys. However, the TBC can fail in service either by bond coat oxidation or thermal expansion mismatch between the bond coat and the TBC. A systematic literature survey has shown that the superalloy substrate material, type of bond coat selected, with the coating application techniques i.e. thermal spray or Electron Beam PVD (EBPVD) plays a fundamental role in determining the failure mechanisms involved. This program of work is concerned with the development of coatings with enhanced temperature capabilities for turbine blade applications by understanding the fundamental mechanisms responsible for adhesion between the nickel based turbine blade and zirconia based TBC. An understanding of the bonding mechanisms will allow the design of advanced coating systems with increased operating temperatures. This program of work introduces the Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES) technique, an atomic emission technique used for both bulk and depth profile analysis, which had not previously been applied to TBC's, and SEM and TEM in order to enhance understanding of failure modes in TBC systems and adhesion process. The results obtained from the studies indicate that the GDOES technique can be applied to depth profile bond coats and exposed TBC systems both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. GDOES has been able to detect elements such as silicon and sodium that are in the ppm levels which are difficult/impossible to detect using EDX systems, and are very important in coating developments. In addition, as a preliminary guide GDOES has shown Ti diffusion from the superalloy substrate into the bond coat to be detrimental towards coating adhesion on most of the systems studied. The results of SEM and cross-sectional TEM on selected bond coat systems has shown the low cost Pt bond coat microstructure system to consist of TBC, Al2O3 bond coat and CMSX-4 superalloy substrate in all cases. The intermediate layer between the TBC and bond coat consists of Al2O3 which has been identified as responsible for maintaining the adhesion. Also identified is evidence of Ti segregation at the Al2O3/bond coat interface, known to lead to decohesion in coatings. Failure in the low cost Pt bond coat system has been identified as the decohesion between the interfacial layer of Al2O3 and the bond coat. The program of studies has enabled failure mechanisms and factors affecting bonding to be identified in low cost Pt bond coat systems, so that in future better coating systems with enhanced properties can be designed This should also ensure that improved reliability in engines and increased service life of turbine blades be achieved.
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Osborne, James Dominic. "Bonding mechanisms involved in the roller compaction of an amorphous food material." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4512/.
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Sugar, Joshua D. "Mechanisms of microstructure development at metallic-interlayer/ceramic interfaces during liquid-film-assisted bonding." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/825347-j6A0Su/native/.
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Thesis (M.S.); Submitted to the University of California, Berkeley, CA (US); 1 Dec 2003.Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--54185" Sugar, Joshua D. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Basic Energy Sciences (US) 12/01/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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Ghaffar, Seyed Hamidreza. "Aggregated understanding of characteristics of wheat straw node and internode with their interfacial bonding mechanisms." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13451.
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The demand for the efficient utilisation of straw biomass requires detailed analyses of its fundamental chemical structures, morphological complexity, individual cell wall components and the correlation of physicochemical to mechanical properties. The study involved two main areas: understanding the details of microstructure and characterisation/differentiation of properties of various profiled wheat straw. Comprehensive and systematic experimental programmes were therefore designed in order to thoroughly investigate the node and internode of wheat straw with quantitative appraisals and qualitative interpretations. This could contribute towards its valorisation in bio-refinery pathways. The sophisticated morphology of node and internode, inner and outer surface was investigated. It was found that the morphology across node area has a great variety when the longitudinal profile is investigated in the upwards direction to grain head. A 3D image of nodes illustrated the dense core with elliptical shaped rings organised in order to provide the echanical strength to the overall stem. The variation of cell wall composition across wheat straw node and internode showed that node yielded slightly higher Klason lignin, extractives and ash content than internode, which could be related to their morphology, precisely the higher ash and extractives content in the node are explained by thicker epidermis tissue. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of node and internode were differentiated and the effects of a combination of mild physical pre-treatment were monitored. The results indicated: i) the reduction of waxes from the outer surface, ii) significantly lower (P < 0.05) extractives and iii) the dissolution of silicon (Si weight %) on the outer surface of node and internode. The tensile strength of nodes and internodes after pre-treatments also resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.05). The accumulated characteristic data enabled the investigation of interfacial properties and bonding mechanisms of the inner and outer surface of wheat straw with thermosetting resins. Different surface functionalities and anatomical sections, altered the bonding performance, i.e. waxes and silica concentrated on the outer surface inhibited the quality of the interface. Nevertheless, the treatment improved interface (P < 0.05) between resins and the micro-porous surface of wheat straw by causing the microcellular structure of straw to expand and hence inspire the mechanical entanglement on a micro level upon resin solidification.
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Åhman, Andreas. "Undersökning av bindningsmekanismer vid pressning av metallaminat : Investigation of bondning mechanisms at the pressing of metal laminates." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-131413.
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Increased understanding of the mechanisms that operate in conjunction with the welding of metal surfaces may help to improve existing manufacturing processes, and to enable new products and combinations of materials. The purpose of the project has therefore been to acquire a deeper understanding of what is happening in the bond for steel and for the factors that form the basis for a bond to develop between metals in the production of laminates by pressing. The merge has been done by pressing and the surfaces after the experiments have been studied in detail in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and with interferenceprofilometry in Wyko, to provide a greater understanding of the mechanisms that influence the bonding in the interface between metals. The project was limited to contain the materials Docol 1000, HyTens 1200, Aluminum AA3003 and a commercial steel. The parameters varied in the experiments to study their influence closer are temperature, pressure, heat treatment and pretreatment. This has been implemented by pressing with varying temperature and pressure. The materials have been pressed at room temperature or heated in an oven at 300 or 600 degrees and pressed immediately after the levying. Pretreatment was done by cleaning in acetone followed by either brushing or sandblasting alternatively no pretreatment have been done at all. The result was that the increased pressure and increased temperature increases the chance of joining by pressing. Pressing at slightly elevated temperature (about 100-250 degrees, depending on the material) makes bonding possible for metals which are not joined together at room temperature. Pretreatment by sandblasting gives a rougher and more riddled surface than brushing. At the cracking in the oxide layer at the pressing, wells new clean metal into between the oxides to the surface. When the new material reaches the surface, a joint can be made with the opposite clean material. The clean metal that wells up, then flows in a pattern which presses down the oxide in the material, away from the surface. This is done so more clean material can come to the surface and a finer binding can be obtained.
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Prevette, Lisa E. "DNA Binding Mechanisms and Serum Stabilization of Polymeric Nucleic Acid Delivery Vectors." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1204322885.
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Zhu, Jun. "Theoretical studies on bonding in platinum boryl and metallabenzene complexes and mechanisms of ruthenium/osmium mediated allene insertion reactions and molybdenum/tungsten catalyzed alkyne metathesis /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CHEM%202007%20ZHU.
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Caetano, Luciane Fonseca. "Estudo do comportamento da aderência em elementos de concreto armado submetidos à corrosão e elevadas temperaturas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18395.
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O estudo do comportamento de aderência tem recebido grande atenção desde o final da década de 40, entretanto muitas incertezas persistem no que tange à definição do melhor método de ensaio e do desempenho esperado ao longo da vida útil de uma estrutura, especialmente quando a mesma está exposta a condições ambientais desfavoráveis. A corrosão da armadura e a degradação térmica devida à exposição a altas temperaturas são exemplos de situações onde ocorrem importantes modificações nas propriedades dos materiais envolvidos, tendo forte impacto no desempenho da aderência. Tendo em vista que esta é uma propriedade de fundamental importância para a adequada transferência de esforços e compatibilização de deformações entre o concreto e o aço, colaborando para um bom desempenho global da estrutura, o estudo destes efeitos é vital. Este trabalho propõe a elaboração de um modelo matemático que represente o comportamento de aderência de peças submetidas à corrosão de armadura e à exposição a elevadas temperaturas. Além disto, busca realizar uma comparação entre os resultados obtidos por três métodos distintos de ensaios. Para a elaboração do modelo matemático foram produzidos cps de concreto com diferentes resistências à compressão, nos quais foram inseridas barras de aço de distintos diâmetros, para capturar a influência destas variáveis independentes. A modelagem estatística utilizou o modelo cubo-estrela, com definição de 5 níveis de referência para as variáveis temperaturas de exposição (ambiente, 200°C, 400°C, 600°C e 800°C), taxa de corrosão (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12% de perda de massa) e diâmetro da barra (8, 12.5, 16, 20 e 25 mm); e de 3 níveis para a resistência do concreto (25, 45 e 65 MPa). A determinação do comportamento de aderência foi executada através de duas técnicas de ensaio, selecionadas dentre as várias descritas na literatura: o ensaio de arrancamento simples (pull-out test), recomendado pela RILEM (1973), e o ensaio de arrancamento excêntrico (cantilever bond test), proposto por KEMP ET AL (1968). Ambas se caracterizam por serem ensaios de arrancamento, entretanto a primeira apresenta somente tensões de tração e de compressão e a segunda apresenta, além das tensões de tração e compressão, as de cisalhamento e de flexão, gerando uma situação mais próxima do que ocorre em estruturas reais. Para permitir a comparação entre métodos de ensaio com filosofias diferentes, mais uma técnica foi selecionada, o ensaio de viga (beam test), também recomendado pela RILEM (1973). De acordo com a análise dos resultados, o ensaio de arrancamento simples e de viga fornecem, respectivamente, valores de tensão de aderência, cerca de, 70% e 150% superiores aos obtidos em ensaios de arrancamento excêntrico. Os dados indicam, ainda, que os efeitos de deterioração são extremamente importantes para avaliação do desempenho final da aderência. Percebe-se que, para temperaturas mais baixas, até aproximadamente 300°C, a temperatura não provoca alteração no desempenho da aderência, mas, a partir de 550°C, a redução é superior a 50%, para concretos de resistências elevadas (acima de 50 MPa). Já a corrosão apresenta comportamento diferenciado, resultando em um acréscimo de cerca de 17%, da tensão de aderência para baixas taxas de perda de massa e posterior perda de desempenho com o aumento desta.The study of the bonding mechanism in reinforced concrete elements has received attention from researchers since the forties. Nonetheless, there are still doubts regarding test methods and long term performance, especially when the structure is subjected to aggressive environmental conditions. Rebar corrosion and thermal degradation due to exposure to high temperatures are important examples of instances when significant changes in material properties take place, resulting in alterations of bonding performance. The study of these effects are vital, given that bonding is a fundamental property to ensure the adequate transfer of tensile stresses and strains between concrete and the steel rebar, which ensures good structural behavior. The proposed research aims to generate a mathematical model to explain the bonding behavior of structural RC elements subject to chloride corrosion and exposure to fire conditions. Besides, it seeks to compare results obtained using 3 distinct test methods for bonding evaluation. To this end, concrete specimens with different compressive strengths (25, 45 e 65 MPa) were produced, and bars of various diameters (8, 12.5, 16, 20 e 25 mm) were inserted in them. A statistical approach was adopted to reduce the experimental matrix, using the cube-star model, with 5 reference levels for the variables temperature of exposure (laboratory, 200°C, 400°C, 600°C e 800°C), corrosion rates (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12% weight loss) and bar diameter; and 3 levels for the variable concrete compressive strength, as discussed above. The bonding resistance was determined using two test methods selected from the various methodologies discussed in the literature: the RILEM pull-out test (1973) and the cantilever bond test, proposed by KEMP ET AL in 1968. Both evaluate bonding stresses, but the second one introduces shear and bending forces that create a stress distribution more close to the one found in real concrete beams. In order to improve the comparison between test methods, another technique was used in the second part of the work. The chosen technique was the beam test recommended by RILEM in 1973. According of the test results the pull-out test and the beam test result, respectively, in bonding values 70% e 150% higher than the ones registered in the cantilever bond test. The data obtained indicates, also, that the deterioration effects are extremely important to evaluate the bonding performance. For lower exposure temperature, up to around 300°C, the bonding behavior is not affected by the heat. But when the temperature exceeds 550°C, the bonding loss is higher than 50%, for the concretes with higher compressive strength (> 50 MPa). The deterioration by corrosion improves slightly the bonding resistance (up to 20%) when corrosion rates are lower than 1.5%. However, when corrosion increases, the bonding capacity decreases quite rapidly.
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Xu, Hui. "Thermosonic ball bonding : a study of bonding mechanism and interfacial evolution." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6325.
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Thermosonic ball bonding is a key technology in electrical interconnections between an integrated circuit and an external circuitry in microelectronics. Although this bonding process has been extensively utilised in electronics packaging industry, certain fundamental aspects behind all the practice are still not fully understood. This thesis is intended to address the existing knowledge gap in terms of bonding mechanisms and interfacial characteristics that are involved in thermosonic gold and copper ball bonding on aluminium pads. The research specifically targets the fine pitch interconnect applications where a thin metal wire of approximately 20 µm in diameter is commonly used. In thermosonic ball bonding process, a thin gold or copper ball formed at the end of a wire is attached to an aluminum pad through a combination of ultrasonic energy, pressure and heat, in order to initiate a complex solid-state reaction. In this research, the mechanisms of thermosonic ball bonding were elaborated by carefully examining interfacial characteristics as the results of the bonding process by utilising dual-beam focused ion beam and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, including the breakdown of the native alumina layer on Al pads, and formation of initial intermetallic compounds (IMCs). The effect of bonding parameters on these interfacial behaviours and bonding strength is also investigated in order to establish an inter-relationship between them. Interfacial evolution in both Au-Al and Cu-Al bonds during isothermal annealing in the temperature rage from 175ºC to 250ºC was investigated and compared. The results obtained demonstrated that the remnant alumina remains inside IMCs and moves towards the ball during annealing. The IMCs are formed preferentially in the peripheral and the central areas of the bonds during bonding and, moreover, they grow from the initially formed IMC particles. Growth kinetics of Cu-Al IMCs obey a parabolic growth law before the Al pad is completely consumed. The activation energies calculated for the growth of CuAl2, Cu9Al4 and the combination (CuAl2 + Cu9Al4) are 60.66 kJ/mol, 75.61 kJ/mol, and 65.83 kJ/mol, respectively. In Au-Al bonds, Au-Al IMC growth is controlled by diffusion only at the start of the annealing process. A t^0.2-0.3 growth law can be applied to the Au-Al IMC growth after the Al pad is depleted. The sequence of IMC phase transformation in both Au-Al and Cu-Al bonds were investigated. Voids in Au-Al bonds grow dramatically during annealing, however, only a few voids nucleate and grow very slowly in Cu-Al bonds. The mechanisms of void formation, including volumetric shrinkage, oxidation and metal diffusion were proposed and discussed.
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Akram, Mohammed. "Bonding mechanism in a new refractory castable." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9647/.
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Zhang, Chunbo. "A Thermomechanical Analysis of An Ultrasonic Bonding Mechanism." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1021.
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Ultrasonic welding (UW), as a solid-state joining process, uses an ultrasonic energy source (usually with a frequency of 20 kHz or above) to induce oscillating shears between the faying surfaces to produce metallurgical bonds between a wide range of metal sheets [1, 2], thin foils [3], semiconductors [4], plastics [5], glass [6], and ceramics [7]. In contrast to traditional fusion welding processes, ultrasonic welding has several inherent advantages [3,8] derived from its solid-state process characteristics, and has been in use as a versatile joining method in the electronics, automotive, and aerospace industries since the 1950s
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Akogyeram, Samuel. "Bonding and debonding mechanism of pressure sensitive adhesives." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12765.
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Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are complex macromolecular-based blend formulations that, in dry form will adhere permanently to diverse surfaces with the application of mere finger pressure. This thesis addresses the bonding and debonding mechanisms of coated films of different commercially available PSAs by systemically investigating the film characteristics on multiple levels. The methods implemented involve a novel procedure in investigating viscoelastic properties with Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, film surface chemistry with Time-of-flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and film morphology, modulus and bonding characteristics with Atomic Force Microscope. The theoretical aspect invoked rubber elasticity, viscoelasticity and thermodynamic concepts in representation of film morphology with corresponding adhesion nature. The results indicate that the bonding and debonding behaviour of PSA films are of a viscoelastic nature, dictated mainly by two fundamental morphological elements. These elements are; (1) the formation of phase-separated self-assembly of polystyrene-richcopolymer nano-domains within the adhesive matrix and (2) the inter-linking of the nanodomains by elastically active elastomer segments into a physical crosslinked network system that is highly efficient in dissipating large strain energy. These morphological factors are manifested through a profound contribution to the peel strength of the adhesive films when either coated at high temperatures or annealed. Increasing the content of the polystyrene endblock-tackifier in the adhesive blend formulation increased the PSA’s performance sensitivity to the film coating temperature. Meanwhile increasing the cis-C=C bond concentration in the formulation reduced the film’s performance sensitivity to coating temperature, as polydienes are premised to promote the entropy-elasticity of the film matrix by contributing to the nano-domain interconnections. This thesis generates many qualitative similarities, despite the significantly different adhesive blends investigated and hopefully the results reported here are more universal than one might expect.
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Gladh, Jörgen. "Bonding and Desorption Mechanismsof CO on Metal Surfaces." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77218.
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I have investigated two different systems CO/Fe(100) and CO/Ru(0001), toobtain new information on the binding and desorption processes. The twodifferent systems have served as a model system, one for a static examination,CO on iron, and for the dynamic case, CO on ruthenium. To perform theseinvestigations, several types of techniques have been used such as, X-rayabsorption spectroscopy, X-ray emission spectroscopy, and femtosecond laserinduced desorption techniques such as two-pulse correlation. For the CO/Fe(100) system, we found that the on-top CO “
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Rezai, Bidakhavidi Caminde. "Nouvelles solutions de préparation et d'activation des surfaces : assemblages époxy-fonte." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCA021/document.
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Les revêtements organiques déposés en surface de tuyaux en fonte ductile ont pour vocation d’assurer une protection (notamment la résistance chimique, la tenue à la corrosion) vis-à-vis des effluents agressifs transportés. Pour assurer l’adhérence entre le revêtement (époxy) et son substrat, une préparation de surface est souvent nécessaire. Parmi les procédés conventionnels, le grenaillage est la solution la plus utilisée. Simple à mettre en œuvre et d’efficacité prouvée, il permet d’assurer le décapage de la surface tout en générant une rugosité adaptée. Si la solution est approuvée, des questions subsistent néanmoins quant à l’influence respective de la topographie et de la physico-chimie des surfaces. De plus, encouragées par les nouvelles réglementations environnementales, de nouvelles techniques de préparation de surface se développent.Le travail présenté s’est alors attaché à évaluer l’effet de nouvelles techniques de préparation comme le laser de structuration et le jet d’eau à ultra haute pression à comparer à d’autres procédés conventionnels tels que le brossage et le sablage. Ces nouvelles alternatives vont permettre alors de mieux comprendre l’influence du décapage et de la rugosité de surface avant la mise en peinture.Enfin, les différents résultats obtenus ont été alors spécifiquement analysés pour permettre la compréhension des phénomènes ou mécanismes d’adhésion se produisant à l’interface du couple époxy/substrat, d’un point de vue mécanique et physico-chimique. Divers moyens d’analyses ont alors pu être mis en œuvre pour caractériser les surfaces d’un point de vue morphologique (ratio de surface) et chimique (spectroscopies Raman et photoélectronique à rayons X (XPS)) pour évaluer la tenue interfaciale (test de traction adhérence)Organic coatings applied on the surface of cast iron pipes ensure very good chemical and anti-corrosion protection against aggressive effluents. To improve adherence between coating (epoxy) and substrate, a surface preparation is required. Among conventional processes shot blasting has emerged as the most efficient and cheapest solution for ensuring stripping while generating adapted roughness. However, as it may enhance both mechanical anchorage and chemical bonding a better understanding of these phenomena should be developed. Besides new eco-friendly alternatives were investigated.Indeed, new techniques were evaluated, i.e. laser structuring and an ultra-high pressure water jet whose major benefits are understanding the effect of ablation and surface roughness prior to applying a coating. Moreover, two other conventional processes (sand blasting and brushing) were introduced to obtain a various roughness.Results obtained were then analyzed to further understand bonding mechanisms at the interface.Several processes were then implemented to evaluate the surface morphology as well as the surface chemistry (spectroscopy Raman and XPS) correlated to the adhesion mechanisms
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Zhou, Yonghui. "Interface optimisation and bonding mechanism of rubber-wood-plastic composites." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16095.
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The incorporation of waste tyre rubber into thermoplastics to develop a class of polymer composites with both elastomeric and thermoplastic behaviour has gained a lot of attention and is becoming one of the most straightforward and preferred options to achieve the valorisation of waste tyres. In view of the unique properties rubber possesses and the rapid expansion and versatile application of wood plastic composites (WPC) materials, the inclusion of tyre rubber as raw material into WPC to develop an entirely new generation of WPC, namely rubber-wood-plastic composites (RubWPC), was presumed to be another highly promising solution to turn waste tyres into value-added materials. This research starts with the interfacial optimisation of Rubber-PE composites and WPC by the use of maleated and silane coupling agents, aiming at addressing their poor constituent compatibility and interfacial bonding, thus enabling the optimal design of RubWPC. Chemical, physical and mechanical bonding scenarios of both untreated and treated composites were revealed by conducting ATR-FTIR, NMR, SEM and FM analyses. The contribution of the optimised interface to the bulk mechanical property of the composites were assessed by carrying out DMA and tensile property analysis. The influence of the coupling agent treatments on the in situ mechanical property of WPC was first determined by nanoindentation analysis, which led to a thorough understanding of the interfacial characteristics and the correlation between in situ and bulk mechanical properties. This research focuses on the novel formulation of RubWPC and the understanding of bonding mechanism. Chemical bonding and interface structure studies revealed that interdiffusion, molecular attractions, chemical reactions, and mechanical interlocking were mutually responsible for the enhancement of the interfacial adhesion and bonding of the coupling agent treated RubWPC. The improved interface gave rise to the increase of bulk mechanical properties, while the continuous addition of rubber particle exerted an opposite influence on the property of RubWPC. The composite with optimised interface possessed superior nanomechanical properties due to the resin penetration into cell lumens and vessels and the reaction between cell walls and coupling agents.
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Grantcharova, Viara. "Folding mechanism of the src SH3 domain /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9231.
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Guy, Peter John, and guyp@ebac com au. "The Solvent induced swelling behaviour of Victorian brown coals." Swinburne University of Technology. School of Engineering and Science, 2002. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20031218.142251.
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The solvent-induced swelling behaviour of Victorian brown coals was examined in detail to probe the bonding mechanisms in very low rank coals (in this case Victorian brown coal). Correlation of solvent properties with differences in observed swelling behaviour were interpreted in terms of the coal structure, and means of predicting the observed behaviour were considered. Modification of the coal structure via physical compression (briquetting), chemical digestion, thermal modification, and functional group alkylation was used to further elucidate those structural features which govern the swelling behaviour of Victorian brown coals. Briquette weathering (i.e. swelling and disintegration of briquettes when exposed to variations in humidity and temperature) was examined by making alterations to briquette feed material and observing the effects on swelling in water.
The application of solubility parameter alone to prediction of coal swelling was rejected due to the many exceptions to any proposed trend. Brown coal swelling showed a minimum when the solvent electron-donor number (DN) minus its electron-acceptor number (AN) was closest to zero, i.e. when DN and AN were of similar magnitude. The degree of swelling increased either side of this point, as predicted by theory. In contrast to the solubility parameter approach (which suffers from the uncertainty caused by specific interaction between coal and solvent), the electron donor/acceptor approach is about specific interactions. It was concluded that a combination of total and three-dimensional solubility parameters and solvent electron donor/acceptor numbers may be used to predict solvent swelling of unextracted brown coals with some success.
Solvent access to chemically densified coal was found to be insensitive to a reduction in pore volume, and chemical effects were dominant. Thermal modification of the digested coal resulted in reduced swelling for all solvents, indicating that the structure had adopted a minimum energy configuration due to decarboxylation and replacement of hydrogen bonds with additional covalent bonds. Swelling of oxygen-alkylated coals demonstrated that the more polar solvents are able to break relatively weak hydrogen bonded crosslinks.
The large difference between the rate and extent of swelling in water (and hence weathering) of Yallourn and Morwell briquettes was shown to be almost entirely attributable to exchanged magnesium. Magnesium exchange significantly increases the rate and extent of swelling of Yallourn coal. It was also shown that the swelling of briquettes due to uptake of water by magnesium-exchanged coals is reduced significantly with controlled ageing of the briquettes.
The solvent swelling behaviour of Victorian brown coals is consistent with the notion that coal is a both covalently and non-covalently crosslinked and entangled macromolecular network comprising extractable species, which are held within the network by a wide range of non-covalent, polar, electron donor/acceptor interactions. Solvents capable of significant extraction of whole brown coals are also capable of significant swelling, but not dissolution, of the macromolecular coal network, which supports the view that the network is comprised of both covalent and ionic bonding. Victorian brown coals have also been shown to exhibit polyelectrolytic behaviour due to a high concentration of ionisable surface functionalities.
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Mountain, A. R. E. "Quantum chemical modelling of organo transition metal structure, bonding, and reaction mechanism." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1559959/.
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In this thesis, density functional theory is used to investigate the structure, bonding, and reaction mechanisms of two families of organometallic compounds discussed below. The first chapter briefly introduces the research projects undertaken for this PhD, while the second introduces the theoretical background of electronic structure calculations. Chapter 3 begins with an introduction to homogenous Ziegler-Natta catalysis of olefin polymerisation, with a focus on chain propagation and termination reaction mechanisms for propylene homopolymerisation. These mechanisms are then explored in benchmarking studies of the naked cationic post-metallocene catalyst [MeTiCp*{CN(Ph)N(iPr)2}]+, comparing reaction profiles calculated using different approaches to describe dispersion and solvent effects, as well as those found using ab initio methods. It is concluded that dispersion interactions play an important role in predicting the expected trends in reaction barrier height for propagation vs. termination, and the methodology which best describes this is chosen and implemented in the subsequent chapter. The effects of the anionic co-catalyst [B(C6F5)4] on homopolymerisation studies of ethylene and propylene with [MeTiCp*{CN(Ph)N(iPr)2}]+, are explored in Chapter 4. Differences between olefin complexation, chain propagation and termination reactions calculated with and without the anion are discussed, as well as predictions of macroscopic properties of polymers produced using this catalytic system. Chapter 5 introduces a different research project; the investigation of the structure, bonding, and reactivity of metal boryl and gallyl compounds, Ln{E(NArCH)2}{Me3SiCH2C(NCy)2}2(THF)n (Ln = Sc, Y, Lu; E = B, Ga; n = 0, 1). The changes in structure and Ln–E bonding interaction are compared between five- and six-coordinate analogues of the systems, accounting for the difference in coordination number of the boryls vs. the gallyls, and their reactivity with carbodiimide iPrNCNiPr. Finally, the mechanism for carbodiimide insertion into the Mg–Ga bond of Mg{'iPPNacNac}Ga(NDippCH)2} systems is explored.
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Green, Kevin Robin. "The bond mechanism between high tensile deformed bars and concrete subjected to flexure." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314675.
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Champagne, Victor K. Jr. "Investigation of the Effect of Oxides on the Critical Impact Velocity during the Cold Spray Process of High Purity Aluminum Powder." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/506.
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The objective of the thesis is to understand the particle/substrate interaction of micron-sized High Purity (HP) aluminum (Al) powder particles with varying surface oxide/hydroxide layers, during single particle impact and determine the critical impact velocity (CIV). Advancements in analytical techniques enable in-situ supersonic impact of individual metallic micro-particles on substrates with micro-scale and nanosecond-level resolution. This novel capability allowed direct observation and measurement of a material-dependent threshold velocity, above which the particle underwent impact-induced material ejection and adhered to the substrate, (critical impact velocity). The data was then compared to empirical, as well as predicted values of the CIV from published data that were based upon theoretical iso-entropic fluid dynamics models. A major emphasis of this research was to perform, in-depth characterization of the Al powder in the as-received, gas atomized state and subsequent to controlled temperature and humidity exposure (designed to form a prescribed oxide and/or hydroxide surface layer) and finally after single particle impact. Analytical techniques including XPS, ICP, IGF, TEM and SEM were performed to determine the species of oxide and/or hydroxide, bulk chemical composition, oxygen content and thickness of the surface oxide/hydroxide layer. Finally, bulk samples of material were produced by the cold spray process, from powder representing select test groups and subsequently characterized to determine tensile and hardness properties, chemistry, microstructure and conductivity. A fundamental understanding of the role of surface oxidization in relationship to particle deformation during impact and the bonding mechanism will be applicable toward the development of optimized parameters for the cold spray (CS) process. Results from this study will aid in the development of industrial practices for producing, packaging and storing Al powders.
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Flory, Michael Aaron. "High Resolution Spectroscopy of Transition Metal-Containing Free Radicals: Investigating High Angular Momentum States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195805.
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Small diatomic and triatomic 3d transition metal species are excellent model systems for understanding metal-ligand interactions important to larger complexes. Because of the unpaired 3d electrons, these radicals often occur in states with high angular momentum (electron spin, orbital, or nuclear spin). Three questions are particularly relevant to studying monosubstituted 3d metal compounds. What are the fundamental geometric, bonding, and electronic properties? How accurately does currentquantum mechanical theory describe the interactions in high spin states? Assuming these molecules may be present in the interstellar medium, what are the precise transition frequencies that can be used for radioastronomy?To answer these questions, pure rotational spectroscopy has been applied to eleven simple molecules containing 3d transition metals. The small radicals were synthesized in the gas phase and examined in situ. Both direct absorption, submillimeter spectroscopy and Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy were used to cover thefrequency range 8-660 GHz. New synthetic techniques, including oven-insulating methods, use of a longitudinal AC discharge, and emphasis on organometallic precursors, were developed to improve reaction yields.Spectra were recorded for four categories of 3d metal compounds: vanadium molecules, cobalt radicals, zinc species, and several monocyanides. Frequently, the data exhibited signs of perturbations either from low-lying excited electronic states, a common feature with 3d electrons, or from avoided crossings of hyperfine levels. The data were analyzed using effective Hamiltonians, and spectroscopic constants have been determined for rotational, fine structure, and hyperfine interactions. The measurements haveprovided transition frequencies as references for astronomical studies; these values are accurate to within 50 kHz for direct measurements and usually within 100 kHz for frequencies calculated from determined molecular constants.Rotational constants have been used to establish precise molecular geometries. Fine structure and hyperfine data provided insight into 3d metal bonding properties (molecular orbital composition and electron distribution) and structure of electronic state manifolds. In some cases, it was necessary to develop new terms for the Hamiltonian expressions to accurately describe the interactions observed in the spectra. These terms include deperturbation parameters and the first complete description of lambda-doubling for Phi states.
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Ford, Zakhia. "Determining the Crystal Structure of Cellulose III by Modeling." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/291.
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Recently, a one-chain monoclinic unit cell for Cellulose IIII having a single glucose in the asymmetric unit was proposed based on high-resolution diffraction patterns. The new work challenged a two-chain structure published 25 years earlier, although it did not provide new three-dimensional coordinates. Our goals were to solve the structure by modeling, find whether modeling would reject the previously determined two-chain unit cell, and compare the model with the anticipated experimental structure. Combinations of the O2, O3, and O6 hydroxyls produced 54 starting structures. Clusters of 13 cellotetraose chains terminated by methyl groups for each of the 54 starting structures were optimized with MM3(96). Hydroxyl groups on 16 of these 54 structures reoriented to give very similar hydrogenbonding schemes in the interiors, along with the lowest energies. The one-chain cell models had much lower energy. The eight best “up†one-chain models agree well with the structure newly determined by experiment.
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Zhong, Xuejun. "Fidelity mechanism of DNA polymerase beta :|broles of multiple conformational changes, magnesium ions and hydrogen bonding /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487951214939194.
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Ozcan, Sinan. "Bonding Efficiency Of Roller Compacted Concrete With Different Bedding Mixes." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610189/index.pdf.
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Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) has rapidly evolved from a concept to a material and a process which is used throughout the world for faster and more economical construction of dams. Currently, there are more than 250 RCC dams, completed or under construction, in the world. On the other hand, currently, there are only two RCC dams completed (Suçati and Cindere Dams) and two under construction (Beydag and Ç
ine Dam) in Turkey. RCC dams are constructed in a series of compacted layers usually 30 cm in thickness. Therefore, appropriate bonding of successive layers is important and as a result, in between successive layers a bedding mix is often used to fill the surface voids in both the compacted layer below and the covering layer above, as well as to bond the two successive layers together. This study presents an experimental investigation on the bonding efficiency of RCC with different bedding mixes. The Beydag Dam RCC mixture was taken as the model for the preparation of laboratory-made RCC specimens. In the experimental study, 15 cm cubic specimens were prepared in two layers. Each layer was compacted using an electro pneumatic demolition hammer for 30 seconds. Four different time intervals between placement and compaction of two successive layers and two different bedding mix types were the selected cases for investigation. While preparing the specimens, the second layer was placed and compacted 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 hours after the first layer was compacted. In between the two layers, two types of bedding mixes are placed in between previously compacted and freshly placed layer for joint treatment. One of the bedding mixes, having 200 kg/m3 cement content is termed poor while other one is termed rich having 400 kg/m3 cement content. RCC specimens are then subjected to compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and permeability tests. As a result of the experimental program, it was found that
a rich bedding mix was a more effective bonding agent between compacted RCC layers than the poor bedding mix for all time intervals between layers. Furthermore, it was concluded that bonding efficiency of RCC is not too dependent on time interval between layer compactions up to 16 hours. Finally, splitting tensile strength and sorptivity tests are shown to be applicable test methods for determination of bonding efficiency of RCC specimens if there is a definite bedding layer in between freshly placed and formerly compacted RCC.
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Argoud, Maxime. "Mécanismes de collage et de transfert de films monocristallins dans des structures à couches de polymères." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848111.
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Les matériaux polymères sont à l'heure actuelle peu considérés dans le vaste domaine des micro et nano technologies. Ils présentent toutefois certaines propriétés remarquables en comparaison des matériaux traditionnels de la microélectronique. Par exemple leur déformabilité et leur légèreté permettent d'envisager des fonctions de supports flexibles pour des composants électroniques. Par ailleurs, ils offrent des solutions d'assemblage de matériaux de diverses natures. Cette étude porte précisément sur ces deux thématiques. En premier lieu, nous avons étudié les mécanismes de collage impliqués dans l'assemblage de substrats de type silicium par une couche de polymère. D'autre part, nous avons proposé des modèles de mécanisme de transfert de films monocristallins sur polymère. Les propriétés mécaniques des matériaux considérés, principalement du silicium monocristallin et des polymères de type vitreux et caoutchoutique, ainsi que leurs épaisseurs, peuvent varier sur plusieurs ordres de grandeur selon la configuration considérée. L'originalité de l'étude est de déterminer et d'aborder des configurations expérimentalement favorables, par des modèles mécaniques simples, élaborés à partir de lois d'échelle. Nous avons proposé, dans un premier temps, ces modèles pour expliquer des résultats liés à des configurations particulières et ainsi démontrer la pertinence de cette approche. Le cœur de notre étude porte sur le transfert de films monocristallins, aussi fins qu'une centaine de nanomètres d'épaisseur, sur polymère par adaptation du procédé Smart-CutTM (transfert par implantation ionique et fracture). En comparaison d'une configuration standard de cette technologie, nous avons notamment étudié l'impact des propriétés mécaniques propres aux polymères (de types vitreux ou caoutchoutique). Les méthodes en loi d'échelle nous ont ainsi permis de proposer des mécanismes de transfert, de l'échelle du nanomètre jusqu'à la fracture macroscopique. Nous avons également exposé un exemple d'application concret par la réalisation d'objets microélectroniques modèles sur et dans un film monocristallin de silicium. La structure, composée d'un film de quelques micromètres d'épaisseur supporté par un polymère, constitue ainsi une structure flexible d'un point de vue mécanique.
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Javan-Mashmool, Mandana. "Theoretical and experimental investigations for measuring interfacial bonding strength between ice and substrate." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2005. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Srivastava, Anand. "A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS BASED STUDY OF BULK AND FINITE POLYSTYRENE-CARBON DIOXIDE BINARY SYSTEMS." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1285029096.
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Chen, Weihua. "Chemical Sensors Based on Fluorescence Turn-On Mechanism by Using Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1334772708.
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Wu, Jenq-dah. "Time-dependent, mixed-mode fracture of solid rocket motor bondline systems /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Li, Yuqin. "Factors Affecting the Structural Integrity of Wood-Based Composites: Elevated Temperature and Adhesive Bonding." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102927.
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This study focuses on factors that affect the structural integrity of wood-based composites. Wood-based composites exposed to fire may decompose due to the elevated temperatures, resulting in a degradation in performance. Thermal modelling can only predict the structural integrity of construction materials in fire if it is given accurate inputs. Consequently, methods for the characterization of the thermal, physical, and mechanical behaviors of wood and wood-based composites are selected, designed, and benchmarked. The relevant thermal and physical responses characterized includes porosity, permeability and thermal diffusivity. Common construction materials (white pine board, medium density fiberboard and spruce 24) are characterized from room temperature to complete decomposition. The characterization techniques and processes are based on existing literature and relevant ASTM standards. To reduce the number of experiments required for future material characterization, estimates based upon the degree of decomposition and the measured values for the virgin and charred materials are used. For porosity and thermal diffusivity, these models allow values at intermediate temperatures to be estimated with measurements at room temperature and complete decomposition and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). We find that permeability depends heavily on the microstructure of materials and should be measured independently at the conditions of interest.
An additional important aspect of the performance of wood-based composites is the fracture behavior of wood/adhesive systems. Adhesive bonding enables many engineered wood products such as furniture and structural wood joints and the adhesive fracture toughness often determines the durability. The conventional characterization method for wood/adhesive fracture resistance relies on samples with machined grain angles designed to funnel cracks to the adhesive interface. This method of sample preparation is difficult and time-consuming for certain wood species. In this work, a practical and efficient method is developed to characterize adhesive fracture energy of adhesively bonded veneer systems. In the method, auxiliary aluminum adherends are bonded to the veneers in an effort to drive the crack to the wood/adhesive interface. The method is applied to rotary-peeled veneers and saw-cut veneers produced from three species of wood bonded with three commonly used adhesives. The new tests method yields a high interfacial failure rate and successfully identifies differences in the performance of the three adhesives. SPG (one species of the rotary-peeled veneers) demonstrates a rising R-curve behavior (an increase in the fracture toughness with crack length) when bonded on the loose side. This increase in fracture toughness is observed to be a result of adhesive-substrate interaction, which is a developing process zone behind the crack tip consisting of bridged wood ligaments.Doctor of Philosophy
Construction materials exposed to elevated temperatures from fires may reach temperatures where the material decomposes from the original material to a char. Protected and unprotected structural timber products exposed to fires may exhibit this behavior resulting in a degradation of performance. Understanding the thermal and physical responses of these materials is crucial in evaluating the materials behavior in fire. Additionally, many wood-based products (such as furniture) rely on adhesive bonds. Consequently, their usefulness is determined by the performance of those bonds. In this work, methods are developed to measure key properties impacting the behavior of wood-based systems at elevated temperatures, such as that experienced in fires and when they are subjected to forces attempting to debond one wood material from another. These techniques are demonstrated on common building materials (white pine board, medium density fiberboard and spruce 24) and wood veneers from three different species bonded with three different adhesives. Mathematical models are developed to expand the use of the data beyond the specific conditions for which it is measured.
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Xie, Yingchun. "Etude de la déformation particule/substrat au mécanisme de liaison en projection à froid." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0301/document.
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La projection à froid, aussi appelée cold spray, est considérée comme un nouveau membre de la famille de laprojection thermique depuis une trentaine d'années maintenant. Cette thèse propose d'étudier le comportement endéformation des particules et du substrat et de mettre en avant les liaisons formées dans le revêtement par deuxapproches complémentaires, expérimentale et de simulation.Une méthode innovante pour observer directement la surface fracturée des particules déposées après décollementdu substrat a été testée avec succès. Par ce moyen, la surface de contact entre particule et substrat sousdifférentes conditions a été analysée.Concernant les résultats expérimentaux, une nouvelle théorie a été proposée pour expliquer le mécanisme deliaison interfaciale d'un revêtement dur de Ni sur substrat mou d'Al reposant sur l'effet de martelage répété desparticules, sur l'effet de pression du gaz principal et sur l'effet de préchauffage du substrat. La transformation dumécanisme de liaison revêtement/substrat au cours de la construction du dépôt a été mise en évidence en passantdu verrouillage mécanique à une combinaison d'une liaison mécanique et d'une liaison métallurgique, puis à laformation d'instabilités sous forme d'un mélange tourbillonnaire à l'interface. Plus de zones de liaisonsmétallurgiques sont générées sous forte pression, une plus grande déformation plastique apparaît grâce latempérature de préchauffage, et une adhérence plus forte au sein des dépôts est capable de se produire en dépitde la présence d'un film d'oxyde épais sur la surface du substratCold spraying, also called cold gas dynamic spraying, is a new coating technology which has been developed duringthe past three decade. In this study, a comprehensive investigation on particle deformation behavior and bondingbehavior between particle and substrate was conducted by experiment and numerical method.This thesis aims at presenting an innovative method to directly observe the fractured contact surface between thecold sprayed particle and substrate. By this means, the particle/substrate fractured contact surfaces were analyzedfor different conditions.Based on the experimental results, a new theory was proposed to explain the interfacial bonding mechanism of hardNi coating onto soft Al substrate. It is assumed that the particle peening effect is essential for the formation ofdiscontinuous metallurgical bonding. The dominant coating/substrate bonding mechanism is responsible of thetransformation during the coating build-up process of the initial mechanical interlocking to a combination ofmechanical interlocking and metallurgical bonding therefore of the formation of interfacial instabilities. The highcontact pressure is the relevant factor determining the particle/substrate metallurgical bonding. More metallurgicalbonding areas were generated due to strengthen peening effect of the subsequently deposited particles with higherpropelling gas pressure. Finally, stronger adhesion is able to occur despite the presence of a thick oxide film on thesubstrate surface by the preheating of the substrate. Higher temperatures help the materials to undergoes astronger plastic deformation that disrupts the oxide films. That leads to initiate an intimate contact between particleand substrate
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Patel, Ammar Abbas. "Epoxy Adhesives: Formulation for Sustainability and Mechanism of Adhesion." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1573254388960149.
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Davis, Shelby Taylor. "The Effects of Synergistic Hydrogen Bonding and Pi-Pi Interactions on the Cycle Stability and Charge Storage Mechanism of Organic Electrode Materials." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1605683661067324.
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Grund, Thomas. "Applikation, Charakterisierung und Einsatz kaltgasgespritzter Kupfer-Nickel-Lotschichten für TiAl6V4-Substrate." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-63123.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ausgehend vom Stand der Wissenschaft und Technik für Ver-fahren und Werkstoffe des Titanlötens das Kaltgasspritzen in seiner Eignung als Vorbelo-tungsprozess beim löttechnischen Fügen von Titanlegierungen untersucht und qualifiziert. Die Parameter des Beschichtungsvorgangs werden dabei mit den resultierenden Schichtgefügen und späteren Lötergebnissen korreliert, wodurch eine Bewertung ermöglicht und ein Beitrag zum Verständnis der Mechanismen einer spritztechnischen Vorbelotung geliefert wird. Es werden dabei sowohl materialografische als auch mechanische Charakterisierungen durchge-führt. Ergänzt werden die Arbeitspunkte durch eine hochauflösende TEM-Untersuchung der Grenzfläche von kaltgasgespritzten Zink-Schichten und Aluminium-Substraten, die der Über-prüfung theoretischer Erkenntnisse zum Haftungsmechanismus kaltgasgespritzter metallischer Schichten auf Leichtmetallsubstraten dient. Die Arbeit schließt mit einer Diskussion und Fol-gerung und gibt Empfehlungen für weiterführende Forschungen auf diesem GebietThe present work qualifies the cold gas dynamic spray process (CGS) as a process for the application of braze filler coatings onto titanium alloy substrates. The work program results from needs and problems that were identified in the state-of-the-art of science and technology. The parameters of the coating process are correlated with the resulting coating microstruc-tures and the posterior brazing results. Materialographic and mechanic characterisations of the filler coatings and braze seams are carried out. Thereby, an evaluation of the braze filler ap-plication by cold gas spraying is permitted. In addition, high-resolution TEM investigations within the interfaces of a cold sprayed zinc coating and an aluminium base material proof the theory of the bonding mechanisms of CGS coatings on light weight metals. The work dis-cusses the achieved results and gives an outlook to continuative investigations in this field of science
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Cansell, Elsa. "Adhérisation des élastomères sur des substrats métalliques : étude des mécanismes d'adhésion." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0049.
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Les assemblages élastomère/métal peuvent être réalisés avec plusieurs procédés d’adhérisation. Ces travaux de thèse se focalisent sur l’étude du procédé d’adhérisation chimique qui utilise des adhésifs liquides et réactifs à chaud afin de créer l’assemblage grâce à une élévation de température et de pression. Ces adhésifs sont communément appelés agents d’adhérisation. La formulation de ces adhésifs est complexe et mal connue. L’objectif de ces travaux de thèse est les mécanismes d’adhésion ayant lieu au cours du procédé d’adhérisation chimique et d’expliquer le rôle des agents d’adhérisation. Les résultats montrent qu’il y a trois mécanismes d’adhésion principaux : l’ancrage mécanique, l’interdiffusion à l’interface élastomère/secondaire et une réaction de co-réticulation à l’interface et dans l’interphase secondaire/élastomère qui permettent la formation de liaisons covalentes. L’étude des agents de réticulation (p-BQD et poly(p-DNB)) contenus dans le secondaire a montré leur rôle clef dans les mécanismes d’adhésion et dans la tenue et la fiabilité de la liaison adhériséeRubber-to-metal assemblies can be achieved through various bonding processes. This PhD work is focused on the study of the vulcanization bonding process which uses hot reactive liquid adhesives in order to bond rubber onto metal through an elevation of temperature and pressure. Theses adhesives are commonly called rubber bonding agents and their composition is complex and not well known. The aim of this PhD is to determine and study the adhesion mechanisms happening during the vulcanization bonding process and thus, to explain the role of the rubber bonding agents in this process. The results showed that there are three mechanisms: mechanical anchoring, interdiffusion at the adhesive/rubber interface and a co-crosslinking reaction creating covalent bonds at the adhesive/rubber interface. The study of the adhesive’s crosslinking agents (p-BQD and poly(p-DNB)) demonstrated their key role in the reliability and strength of the assembly
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Moulin, Silva Wagner [Verfasser], Christos [Akademischer Betreuer] Aneziris, Christos [Gutachter] Aneziris, and Peter [Gutachter] Quirmbach. "Microsilica-bonded magnesia-based refractory castables : bonding mechanism and control of damage due to magnesia hydration / Wagner Moulin Silva ; Gutachter: Christos Aneziris, Peter Quirmbach ; Betreuer: Christos Aneziris." Freiberg : Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2011. http://d-nb.info/1220698601/34.
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Silva, Wagner Moulin [Verfasser], Christos [Akademischer Betreuer] Aneziris, Christos [Gutachter] Aneziris, and Peter [Gutachter] Quirmbach. "Microsilica-bonded magnesia-based refractory castables : bonding mechanism and control of damage due to magnesia hydration / Wagner Moulin Silva ; Gutachter: Christos Aneziris, Peter Quirmbach ; Betreuer: Christos Aneziris." Freiberg : Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-77492.
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Abdel, Latif Marwa K. "Electrochemical oxidation of aliphatic carboxylates: Kinetics, thermodynamics, and evidence for a shift from a concerted to a stepwise mechanism in the presence of water." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82522.
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The mechanism and the oxidation potential of the dissociative single electron transfer for tetra-n-butylammonium acetate has been investigated via conventional (cyclic voltammetry) and convolution voltammetry. The oxidation potential for tetra-n-butylammonium acetate was determined to be 0.60 ± 0.10 (vs. Ag/ (0.1 M) AgNO3) in anhydrous acetonitrile. The results also indicated the mechanism of oxidation was concerted dissociative electron transfer (cDET), rather than stepwise as was previously reported.
To further investigate the mechanism, a series of aliphatic and aromatic tetra-n
butylammonium carboxylates were synthesized and investigated via convolution and conventional methods under anhydrous conditions (propionate, pivalate, phenyl acetate, and benzoate). The reported results showed high reproducibility and consistency with a concerted dissociative electron transfer for aliphatic carboxylates with a systematic shift in the oxidation potentials (0.60 ± 0.09 V for acetate, 0.47 ± 0.05 V for propionate, and 0.40 ± 0.05 V for pivalate) within the series which is expected trend based on radical stabilization energies of the alkyl groups on the aliphatic carboxylates.
Hydrogen bonding was investigated as a possible source for the discrepancy between our results and the reported mechanism of the dissociative electron transfer. Because of the extreme hygroscopic nature of carboxylate salts, it was hypothesized that the presence of small amounts of water might alter the reaction mechanism. Deionized water and deuterium oxide additions to anhydrous acetonitrile were performed to test this hypothesis. The mechanism was noted to shift towards a stepwise mechanism as water was added. In addition, the derived oxidation potentials became more positive with increasing concentrations of water. Several explanations are presented with regards to water effects on the shift in the electron transfer mechanism.
Indirect electrolysis (homogeneous redox catalysis) was also employed as an alternative
and independent approach to quantify the oxidation potentials of carboxylates. A series of substituted ferrocenes were investigated as mediators for the oxidation of tetra-n-butylammonium acetate. Preliminary data showed redox catalysis was feasible for these systems. Further analyses of the electrochemical results suggested a follow-up chemical step (addition to mediator) that competes with the redox catalysis mechanism. As predicted from theoretical working curves, a plateau region in the ip/ipd plots (where no meaningful kinetic information could be obtained) was observed. Products mixture analyses verified the consumption of the mediator upon electrolysis, but no further information with regards to the nature of the mechanism was deduced.
In a related study the effects of hydrogen bonding and ions on the reactivity of neutral free radicals were examined by laser flash photolysis. The rate of the β-scission of the cumyloxyl radical is influenced by cations (Li+ > Mg2+ ≈ Na+ > nBu4N+) due to stabilizing ion-dipole interactions in the transition state of the developing carbonyl group. Experimental findings are in a good agreement with theoretical work suggesting metal ion complexation can cause radical clocks to run fast with a more significant effect if there is an increase in dipole moment going from the reactant to the transition state.Ph. D.
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Poi, Ming. "Low-barrier hydrogen bonding in bovine pancreatic Phospholipase A₂ and somatic INK4A-ARF locus mutations : a significant mechanism of gene inactivation in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486402544589967.
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Matito, i. Gras Eduard. "Development, implementation and application of electronic structural descriptors to the analysis of the chemical bonding, aromaticity and chemical reactivity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7940.
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En la literatura sobre mecànica quàntica és freqüent trobar descriptors basats en la densitat de parells o la densitat electrònica, amb un èxit divers segons les aplicacions que atenyin. Per tal de que tingui sentit químic un descriptor ha de donar la definició d'un àtom en una molècula, o ésser capaç d'identificar regions de l'espai molecular associades amb algun concepte químic (com pot ser un parell solitari o zona d'enllaç, entre d'altres). En aquesta línia, s'han proposat diversos esquemes de partició: la teoria d'àtoms en molècules (AIM), la funció de localització electrònica (ELF), les cel·les de Voroni, els àtoms de Hirshfeld, els àtoms difusos, etc.L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és explorar descriptors de la densitat basats en particions de l'espai molecular del tipus AIM, ELF o àtoms difusos, analitzar els descriptors existents amb diferents nivells de teoria, proposar nous descriptors d'aromaticitat, així com estudiar l'habilitat de totes aquestes eines per discernir entre diferents mecanismes de reacció.
In the literature, several electronic descriptors based in the pair density or the density have been proposed with more or less success in their pratical applications. In order to be chemically meaningful the descriptor must give a definition of an "atom" in a molecule, or instead be able to identify some chemical interesting regions (such as lone pair, bonding region, among others). In this line, several molecular partition schemes have been put forward: atoms in molecules (AIM), electron localization function (ELF), Voronoi cells, Hirshfeld atoms, fuzzy atoms, etc.
The goal of this thesis is to explore the density descriptors based on the molecular partitions of AIM, ELF and fuzzy atom, analyze the existing decriptors at several levels of theory, propose new aromaticity descriptors, and study its ability to discern between different mechanisms of reaction.
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Ivanova, Ivelina. "Comportement mécanique de console courte en béton armé renforcée ou réparée par collage des matériaux composites." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS033/document.
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Ce travail porte sur l'étude du comportement mécanique d'une console courte en béton armé renforcée par collage de tissus en fibres de carbone et en particulier sur l'influence du nombre de couches de tissus en fibres de carbone, du type du renforcement, de l'orientation des tissus composites, du type de tissus en fibres de carbone. Les résultats montrent que la performance de la console n‘augmente pas linéairement en fonction de l'épaisseur de la plaque composite. Il existe une épaisseur optimale de tissus en fibres de carbone. Dans le cas du renforcement sur les deux faces du béton, il existe un nombre de couches optimales. Dans le cas du renforcement par bandage, l'épaisseur de matériaux composites plus intéressants est de trois couches. Par contre, la résistance de la console renforcée dépend fortement de la surface renforcée. Les résultats montrent également que le comportement d'une console renforcée peut être présenté en trois phases: la phase élastique globale, la phase de la propagation de fissures et la phase de l'ouverture des fissures diagonales. Le renforcement de la console permet d'augmenter considérablement la résistance ultime de 20 à 82% et la rigidité de la console. Les ruptures des consoles renforcées peuvent être résumées en cinq modes. En se basant sur les résultats obtenus et les modèles existants, la résistance ultime de la console renforcée et non renforcée a été estimée et analysée. Un modèle basant sur lа théorie de l'endommagement a été développé dans ce travail. L'effet de fatigue sur le comportement et sur la résistance ultime de la console courte renforcée a été également étudié dans ce travailThis study deals with mechanical behaviour of strengthening reinforced concrete corbel by bonding carbon fibre sheet and in particular the influence of the number of layers of carbon fiber fabric, the type of strengthening, the orientation of the composite fabric and the type of carbon fiber fabrics .The results show that the performance of the corbel does not increase linearly with the thickness of the composite plate. There is an optimum thickness of the carbon fiber fabrics. In the case of strengthening on both sides of the concrete, there are an optimum number of layers. In the case of fully wrapped strengthening, the most interesting thickness of the composite is three layers. However, the resistance of the strengthening reinforced concrete corbel depends strongly on the bonded surface.The results also show that the behavior of strengthening corbel can be presented in three phases: the overall elastic phase, the phase of crack propagation and the phase of the opening of diagonal cracks. Strengthening the corbel can significantly increase the ultimate strength from 20% to 82 % and the stiffness of the corbel. The failure of the strengthening corbel can be summarized in five modes.Based on the results obtained and the existing models, the ultimate strength of the strengthening corbel or without strengthening, was estimated and analyzed. A model based on damage theory has been developed in this work. The effect of fatigue on the behavior and ultimate strength of the reinforced concrete corbel has also been studied
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Navarro, Etienne. "Dynamique de l'assemblage de wafers par adhésion moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01048574.
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Lors de l'assemblage de wafers par adhésion moléculaire, un mince film d'air est piégé entre les deux wafers, créant ainsi un système fluide/structure couplé. La qualité finale de l'assemblage dépend fortement de la dynamique de ce système. L'initiation et la propagation du collage ont été étudiées, en régime transitoire, en utilisant un modèle de plaques minces couplée avec l'équation de Reynolds. La résolution numérique de l'équation, ainsi que la mesure optique du déplacement vertical de la plaquette durant le collage, nous a permis de valider le modèle et de mieux comprendre la dynamique du collage. Dans la continuité de cette étude, nous avons proposé une expression analytique de la courbure finale de l'assemblage en fonction des forces en jeu pendant le collage, ceci en utilisant à nouveau la théorie des plaques minces et en considérant l'existence d'un saut de déformation transverse le long de l'interface collée. Ce modèle a été validé par une expérience, impliquant le collage de wafers d'épaisseur différentes et en prenant soin de contrôler l'ensemble des forces agissant sur ces wafers. Nous observons une influence importante du film d'air sur la forme finale des wafers. En complément, un modèle du travail d'adhésion a été développé prenant en compte, à la fois, la rugosité d'interface et la quantité d'eau adsorbée. La différence de répartition de l'eau à l'interface de collage, nous permet d'expliquer les résultats expérimentaux montrant des valeurs d'énergie de séparation supérieure à celle de l'adhésion. Enfin, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de mesure du travail d'adhésion pour la géométrie entière des wafers, utilisant la mesure de la taille d'une bulle cylindrique intentionnellement créée, par un petit objet, à l'interface de collage.
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Nick, Thomas Udo. "Hydrogen Bonds and Electrostatic Environment of Radical Intermediates in Ribonucleotide Reductase Ia." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-877F-7.
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Dagorn, Noëlig. "Caractérisation expérimentale de la rupture d'interfaces collées sous chargement dynamique multiaxial." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0011.
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Les joints adhésifs époxy sont fortement développés dans les applications aéronautiques. Ces assemblages collés doivent supporter des sollicitations d'impact, de sorte que la rupture doit être modélisée. Or, les mécanismes de rupture de l'adhésif sont sensibles à la vitesse de chargement. De plus, la rupture survient généralement sous un chargement mixte entre traction et cisaillement. Cependant, les modèles à zones cohésives actuels ne prennent pas en compte l'éventuel couplage entre mixité et vitesse de chargement. L'objectif de ces travaux est donc de caractériser le comportement à rupture d'un adhésif sous chargement dynamique multiaxial. Pour celà, un nouveau protocole expérimental est développé. Avec le même montage, de faibles variations sur la géométrie des éprouvettes permettent de couvrir toute l'enveloppe de rupture, de la traction au cisaillement. Le chargement dynamique est effectué à l'aide d'une machine de traction servohydraulique. La validité du protocole sous chargement quasi-statique est expérimentalement démontrée par comparaison avec un essai de référence dans l'existant. Les ruptures en mode II et en mode III s'avèrent équivalentes. De plus, la ténacité diminue à haute vitesse de chargement, quelque soit la mixité de mode. Enfin, un critère de rupture est défini afin de prendre en compte à la fois l'influence de la mixité de mode, et celle de la vitesse de chargement, sur la ténacitéAdhesive joints are widely developed in aeronautical applications. These bonded assemblies have to support dynamic impact sollicitations and failure has to be predicted. The material viscous failure mechanisms in the adhesive are rate sensitive. Moreover, the joint failure usually occurs under a mixed-mode combination of traction and shear loading. However, current cohesive zone models do not take into account the possible coupling between loading rate-dependency and the mode mixity. The aim of this work is consequently to characterize the fracture behaviour of adhesives under mixed mode dynamic loadings. For that purpose, a new experimental protocol is developed. With the same equipment, small variations of specimen's geometry are employed to cover the wide range from traction to shear loading. The dynamic loading is achieved using a servohydraulic testing machine. The validity of the protocol under quasi-static loading is experimentally confirmed by comparison to a reference test. The quasi-static fracture toughness and failure surfaces are found equivalent under shear mode II and mode III. Moreover, the fracture toughness is found to decrease when rising the loading rate, whatever the mode mixity. Finally, a failure criterion is defined to take into account both the rate and mixed mode in uence on the fracture toughness
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Drehmann, Rico. "Haftmechanismen kaltgasgespritzter Aluminiumschichten auf keramischen Oberflächen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-229668.
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Aluminiumschichten werden durch Kaltgasspritzen auf fünf verschiedene poly- und monokristalline keramische Werkstoffe (Al2O3 , AlN, SiC, Si3N4 , MgF2 ) appliziert. Dabei erfolgt eine Variation der Substrattemperatur und der Partikelgröße. Ausgewählte Proben werden einer nachfolgenden Wärmebehandlung unterzogen. Die im Fokus der Arbeit stehende Erforschung der an der Grenzfläche zwischen Aluminium und Keramik wirkenden Haftmechanismen erfolgt sowohl mithilfe einer mechanischen Charakterisierung (Stirnzugversuche) als auch durch verschiedene mikroskopische, spektroskopische und hochauflösende Methoden. Die Bewertung der Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigt, dass im Allgemeinen ein Anstieg der Haftzugfestigkeit mit steigender Substrat- und Wärmebehandlungstemperatur sowie mit zunehmender thermischer Effusivität des Substratwerkstoffs zu verzeichnen ist. Eine vergleichbare Auswirkung hat innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen die Zunahme der Partikelgröße. Mit der Heteroepitaxie wird neben der mechanischen Verklammerung ein weiterer wichtiger Haftmechanismus kaltgasgespritzter metallischer Schichten auf keramischen Substraten identifiziert. Die Ausbildung von quasiadiabatischen Scherbändern und statische Rekristallisationsprozesse wirken dabei als wichtige begleitende Mechanismen. Als Nachweis für heteroepitaktisches Wachstum ist die Existenz von (annähernd) parallelen, senkrecht oder geneigt zur Grenzfläche stehenden Ebenenpaaren, die eine geringe Gitterfehlanpassung aufweisen, zu werten. Der Vergleich mit PVD-Schichten zeigt, dass in Bezug auf die Orientierung von Gitterebenen verschiedene Mechanismen der Heteroepitaxie existieren, die von der atomaren Mobilität des Beschichtungswerkstoffs bestimmt werden.