Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bond forming

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bond forming'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Bond forming"

1

Dyball, H. "Forming a bond." Electronics Letters 46, no. 14 (2010): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.9086.

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2

Day, Lin. "Forming a loving bond." Early Years Educator 10, no. 2 (June 2008): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2008.10.2.29168.

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Mague, Joel T., Alaa A. M. Abdel-Aziz, Adel S. El-Azab, and Amer M. Alanazi. "1-Acetyl-5-methoxy-4-(phenylsulfanyl)imidazolidin-2-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 2 (January 15, 2014): o145—o146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814000117.

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The title compound, C12H14N2O3S, crystallizes with two independent molecules (AandB) in the asymmetric unit. The five-membered imidazolidin-2-one rings in both molecules are twisted about the C—C bond. In the crystal, theAandBmolecules are associatedviapairs of N—H...O hydrogen bonds, formingA–Bdimers. These dimers are linkedviaC—H...S hydrogen bonds, forming double dimers, which are in turn linkedviaC—H...O hydrogen bonds forming two-dimensional networks lying parallel to (001). There are also C—H...π interactions present, which consolide the layers and link them, so forming a three-dimensional structure.
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Fujii, Isao. "Crystal structure of (S)-2-amino-2-methylsuccinic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 10 (September 12, 2015): o731—o732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015016709.

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The title compound, C5H9NO4, crystallized as a zwitterion. There is an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond involving thetrans-succinic acid and the ammonium group, forming anS(6) ring motif. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, formingC(7) chains along thec-axis direction. The chains are linked by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming sheets parallel to thebcplane. Further N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the sheets to form a three-dimensional framework.
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Green, Nicholas J., and Michael S. Sherburn. "Multi-Bond Forming Processes in Efficient Synthesis." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 3 (2013): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13003.

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An increasing number of synthetic organic chemists are embracing the philosophy of efficiency. Herein we highlight multi-bond forming processes, which form two or more new covalent bonds in a single synthetic operation. Such processes, which have the ability to rapidly increase structural complexity, are preeminent in contemporary synthetic organic chemistry. In this short review we classify, analyse, and contrast contemporary multi-bond forming processes, frame these cutting edge contributions within a historical context, and speculate on likely future developments in the area.
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Gagné, Olivier Charles, Patrick H. J. Mercier, and Frank Christopher Hawthorne. "A priori bond-valence and bond-length calculations in rock-forming minerals." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 74, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 470–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520618010442.

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Within the framework of the bond-valence model, one may write equations describing the valence-sum rule and the loop rule in terms of the constituent bond valences. These are collectively called the network equations, and can be solved for a specific bond topology to calculate its a priori bond valences. A priori bond valences are the ideal values of bond strengths intrinsic to a given bond topology that depend strictly on the formal valences of the ion at each site in the structure, and the bond-topological characteristics of the structure (i.e. the ion connectivity). The a priori bond valences are calculated for selected rock-forming minerals, beginning with a simple example (magnesiochromite, = 1.379 bits per atom) and progressing through a series of gradually more complex minerals (grossular, diopside, forsterite, fluoro-phlogopite, phlogopite, fluoro-tremolite, tremolite, albite) to finish with epidote (= 4.187 bits per atom). The effects of weak bonds (hydrogen bonds, long Na+—O2− bonds) on the calculation of a priori bond valences and bond lengths are examined. For the selected set of minerals, a priori and observed bond valences and bond lengths scatter closely about the 1:1 line with an average deviation of 0.04 v.u. and 0.048 Å and maximum deviations of 0.16 v.u. and 0.620 Å. The scatter of the corresponding a priori and observed bond lengths is strongly a function of the Lewis acidity of the constituent cation. For cations of high Lewis acidity, the range of differences between the a priori and observed bond lengths is small, whereas for cations of low Lewis acidity, the range of differences between the a priori and observed bond lengths is large. These calculations allow assessment of the strain in a crystal structure and provide a way to examine the effect of bond topology on variation in observed bond lengths for the same ion-pair in different bond topologies.
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Reardon-Robinson, Melissa E., and Hung Ton-That. "Disulfide-Bond-Forming Pathways in Gram-Positive Bacteria." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 5 (December 7, 2015): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00769-15.

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Disulfide bonds are important for the stability and function of many secreted proteins. In Gram-negative bacteria, these linkages are catalyzed by thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases (Dsb) in the periplasm. Protein oxidation has been well studied in these organisms, but it has not fully been explored in Gram-positive bacteria, which lack traditional periplasmic compartments. Recent bioinformatics analyses have suggested that the high-GC-content bacteria (i.e., actinobacteria) rely on disulfide-bond-forming pathways. In support of this, Dsb-like proteins have been identified inMycobacterium tuberculosis, but their functions are not known.Actinomyces orisandCorynebacterium diphtheriaehave recently emerged as models to study disulfide bond formation in actinobacteria. In both organisms, disulfide bonds are catalyzed by the membrane-bound oxidoreductase MdbA. Remarkably, unlike known Dsb proteins, MdbA is important for pathogenesis and growth, which makes it a potential target for new antibacterial drugs. This review will discuss disulfide-bond-forming pathways in bacteria, with a special focus on Gram-positive bacteria.
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Moriguchi, Tetsuji, Venkataprasad Jalli, Suvratha Krishnamurthy, Akihiko Tsuge, and Kenji Yoza. "Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(2-{1-[N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxo-2-phenylacetamido]-2-tert-butylamino-2-oxoethyl}-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)acetate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): o1049—o1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015023592.

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In the title compound, C28H30BrN3O5, there is an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond and an intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond, both formingS(9) ring motifs. The planes of the 4-bromophenyl ring and the phenyl ring are inclined to that of the pyrrole ring by 48.05 (12) and 77.45 (14)°, respectively, and to one another by 56.25 (12)°. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaC—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming slabs parallel to (10-1).
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Curtis, Richard, R. Omar, J. Bahra, M. Ditta, A. Chotai, and Lucy DiSilvio. "Superplastic Prosthetic Forming - In Vitro Response." Key Engineering Materials 433 (March 2010): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.433.31.

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Steinemann, 1998 [1] reported an observation made several decades earlier in 1951, by Leventhal [2] in which ‘bone reaction was studied by the insertion of up to 80 titanium screws into the femora of rats. At the end of sixteen weeks the screws were so tight that in one specimen the femur was fractured when an attempt was made to remove the screw’. Consequently, the main reasons given for the suitability of titanium for surgical implantation are its strength, its failure to cause tissue reaction, and the fact that bone becomes attached to titanium. Now, we call this attachment osseointegration which is considered to be the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant. However, osseointegration is not considered to be a chemical bond between titanium and bone. Implant materials that actually bond to bone are considered to be bioactive. Materials for clinical use can be classified into three categories: resorbable, bioactive and nearly inert materials. A bioactive material is defined as a material that elicits a specific biological response at the interface of the material, which results in the formation of a bond between the tissue and that material. Whereas specific bioceramics are considered to be bioactive, titanium alloys are not normally considered to be so. However, recent surface modification of titanium alloys provide evidence that titanium alloys can become bioactive after treatment with NaOH and the ensuing development of a titanate gel on the metal surface.
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Begum, M. S., M. B. H. Howlader, M. C. Sheikh, R. Miyatake, and E. Zangrando. "Crystal structure ofS-hexyl (E)-3-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)dithiocarbazate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 3 (February 6, 2016): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016001857.

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The title compound, C14H20N2OS2[systematic name:S-hexyl (E)-2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbodithioate], crystallizes with four independent molecules (A–D) in the asymmetric unit. All four molecules adopt anEconformation with respect to the C=N bond of the benzylidene moiety and have an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond generating anS(6) ring motif. In the crystal, theAandDmolecules are connected by a pair N—H...S hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer with anR22(8) ring motif. In the case of moleculesBandC, they are linked to themselves by pairs of N—H...S hydrogen bonds, formingB–BandC–Cinversion dimers withR22(8) ring motifs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bond forming"

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Hoskins, Travis Justin Christopher. "Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29769.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Dr. Christopher Jones; Committee Co-Chair: Dr. Pradeep Agrawal; Committee Member: Dr. Sujit Banerjee; Committee Member: Dr. Tom Fuller. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Buzzetti, Luca. "Photochemical Strategies for Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668971.

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La capacitat de generar intermedis radicalaris, sota condicions suaus, ha portat a l'emergent camp de la catàlisi fotoredox al desenvolupament de noves transformacions. Tradicionalment, aquesta es basa en l'ús d'un fotocatalitzador, que absorbeix eficientment llum i indueix una transferència simple d'electrons (SET). No obstant això, la reactivitat química de les molècules excitades electrònicament difereix fonamentalment de les que es troben en el seu estat fonamental. Una molècula en estat excitat és alhora una millor donant i acceptora d'electrons que en el seu estat fonamental i es comporta respectivament com una millor reductora i una millor oxidant. El principal objectiu científic d'aquesta tesi doctoral ha estat investigar i comprendre la reactivitat de l'estat excitat d'algunes molècules orgàniques per desenvolupar nous processos fotoquímics de formació d'enllaços C-C. Per aconseguir aquest objectiu, s'ha combinat diferents eines de la química orgànica. En els primers projectes (discutits en els capítols III i IV), la fusió de la organocatàlisi i la fotoquímica han permès la funcionalització asimètrica directa en la posició β d’enals, desencadenada per l'excitació amb llum visible de sals de Imini quirals formades in situ. A la segona part d'aquests estudis doctorals (discutit en el capítol V), s'ha explotat les propietats de l'estat excitat de 4-alquil-1,4-dihidropiridines (alquil-DHP) en combinació amb la catàlisi de metalls de transició pel desenvolupament de catalitzadors de níquel en reaccions radicalàries d'acoblament creuat.
La capacidad de generar intermedios radicalarios, bajo condiciones suaves, ha llevado al emergente campo de la catálisis fotoredox al desarrollo de nuevas transformaciones. Tradicionalmente, esta se basa en el uso de un fotocatalizador, que absorbe eficientemente luz e induce una transferencia simple de electrones (SET). Sin embargo, la reactividad química de las moléculas excitadas electrónicamente difiere fundamentalmente de las que se encuentran en su estado fundamental. Una molécula en estado excitado es a la vez una mejor donante y aceptora de electrones que en su estado fundamental y se comporta respectivamente como una mejor reductora y una mejor oxidante. El principal objetivo científico de esta tesis doctoral ha sido investigar y comprender la reactividad del estado excitado de algunas moléculas orgánicas para desarrollar nuevos procesos fotoquímicos de formación de enlaces C-C. Para lograr este objetivo, se han combinado diferentes herramientas de la química orgánica. En los primeros proyectos (discutidos en los Capítulos III y IV), la fusión de la organocatálisis y la fotoquímica han permitido la funcionalización asimétrica directa en la posición β de enales, desencadenada por la excitación con luz visible de sales de iminio quirales formadas in situ. En la segunda parte de estos estudios doctorales (discutido en el Capítulo V), se ha explotado las propiedades del estado excitado de 4-alquil-1,4-dihidropiridinas (alquil-DHP) en combinación con la catálisis de metales de transición para el desarrollo de catalizadores de níquel en reacciones radicalarias de acoplamiento cruzado.
The emerging field of photoredox catalysis has led to the development of new transformations due to the ability to generate radical intermediates under mild conditions. Traditionally, this relies on the use of a photocatalyst, which efficiently absorbs light and induces a single electron transfer (SET). However, the chemical reactivity of electronically excited molecules differs fundamentally from that in the ground state. An excited-state molecule is both a better electron donor and a better electron acceptor than in the ground state and behaves respectively as a better reductant and a better oxidant. The main scientific objective of this doctoral research was to investigate and understand the excited-state reactivity of some organic molecules to develop novel photochemical C–C bond-forming processes. In order to achieve this goal, different tools of organic chemistry were combined. In the first projects (discussed in Chapter III and IV), the merger of organocatalysis and photochemistry enabled the direct asymmetric β-functionalization of enals triggered by the visible-light excitation of in situ formed chiral iminium salts. In the second part of the PhD studies (discussed in Chapter V), the excited-state properties of 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (alkyl-DHP) were exploited in combination with transition metal catalysis for the development of nickel-catalyzed radical cross-couplings.
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Bentz, Emilie Louise Marie. "Zinc enolate coupling : carbon-carbon bond forming reactions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419263.

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Mori-Quiroz, Luis Martin. "Transition metal catalyzed Carbon-nitrogen bond forming reactions." Revista de Química, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101381.

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Las reacciones de formación de enlaces carbono-nitrógeno (C–N) son transformaciones fundamentales en la naturaleza y también procesos básicos para la preparación de moléculas y materiales relevantes a las actividades humanas. El desarrollo de reacciones nuevas y eficientes para la formación de enlaces C–N es, por lo tanto, de gran interés en los ámbitos académico e industrial. El progreso logrado en los últimos 20 años se ha enfocado, principalmente, en procesos de formación de enlaces Csp2–N; sin embargo, hay una creciente gama de reacciones catalizadas por metales de transición que permite la introducción de nitrógeno en estructuras alquílicas (formación de enlaces Csp3–N). Este artículo describe una selección de métodos catalíticos modernos para la formación de enlaces C–N.
Carbon-nitrogen (C–N) bond forming reactions are fundamental transformations in nature and also basic processes for the preparation of molecules and materials relevant to human activities. The development of new and efficient reactions for the formation of C–N bonds are therefore of great interest in academic and industrial settings. Progress in the last 20 years has focused mainly in Csp2–N bond forming processes; however, there is growing range of transition metal catalyzed reactions for the introduction of nitrogen in alkyl frameworks (Csp3–N bond formation). This article describes a selection of modern catalytic methods for the formation of C–N bonds.
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Pilarski, Lukasz T. "Palladacycles for non-redox C-C bond forming reactions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495644.

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This thesis is concerned with the use of palladacyclic complexes as catalysts for C-C and C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions in which an oxidation state change of the metal centre is not part of the catalytic cycle. To this end, the investigation of a range of known K²-C,L-based palladacycles in the allylation of aldehyde and imine substrates using stannanes, as well as the 1,4-conjugate arylation of enones and imines using arylboronic acids under mild conditions is described. In each case the commercially available phosphite-based dimeric palladacycle is found to be the most active complex capable of achieving excellent conversions (>90%) at the 0.5 - 2.5mol% loading range. Three previously unknown phosphinite and amidophosphinite palladium pincer complexes are also synthesised, characterised (including crystallographically) and tested in the 1,4-conjugate addition of phenylboronic acid to chalcone and found to be inactive.
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Hughes, Steven P. "Studies in bond-forming reactions of alpha-lithiated aziridines." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496916.

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Lomas, Sarah. "C-C bond forming catalysis with alkaline earth acetylides." Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604644.

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After spending so many years in the shadow of magnesium chemistry the chemical abilities of the heavier alkaline earth metals, calcium, strontium and barium are beginning to emerge. This thesis is concerned with the development of a catalytic reactivity for the heavier alkaline earth metals. By taking inspiration from lanthanide metal catalysis, this thesis will begin by describing the hydroamination and hydrophosphination of unsaturated molecules catalysed by lanthanide and group 2 metals before extending this work to the group 2 catalysed hydroacetylation of terminal acetylenes (chapter 2), and the insertion of unsaturated bonds of carbodiimides (chapter 4), and organic isocyanates (chapter 5) into the polarised M-C bonds of group 2 acetylides. The third chapter of this thesis will describe the observation of the first acetylide coupling with a group 2 metal complex and extension of this reactivity to a catalytic process.
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Tundel, Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth). "Advances in palladium-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond forming processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36283.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2006.
Vita. Leaf 68 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
Chapter 1. Microwave-assisted, palladium-catalyzed C-N bond-forming reactions with aryl/heteroaryl nonaflates/halides and amines using the soluble amine bases DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene) or MTBD (7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) and a catalyst system consisting of Pd2dba3 and ligands (XantPhos, 2-dicylcohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1,1 '-biphenyl (XPhos) and 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1, '-biphenyl) resulted in good to excellent yields of arylamines in short reaction times. Chapter 2. Using a catalyst comprised of the bulky, electron-rich monophosphine ligand di-tert-Butyl XPhos (2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1,1'-biphenyl) and Pd2dba3 with sodium tert-butoxide as the base, amino heterocycles were coupled successfully with aryl/heteroaryl halides in moderate to excellent yields.
by Rachel E. Tundel.
S.B.
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Gates, Bradley Durward. "Novel thermal and electrochemical carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487847761307998.

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Brace, Gareth Neil. "Applications of palladium-catalysed C-N bond forming reactions." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428381.

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Books on the topic "Bond forming"

1

M, Roberts Stanley, ed. Metal catalysed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley, 2004.

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Rodriguez, Jean, and Damien Bonne. Stereoselective Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations in Organic Synthesis. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119006220.

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Rodriguez, Jean, and Damien Bonne. Stereoselective multiple bond-forming transformations in organic synthesis. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015.

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Roberts, Stanley M., Jianliang Xiao, John Whittall, and Tom E. Pickett, eds. Catalysts for Fine Chemical Synthesis, Volume 3, Metal Catalysed Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470862017.

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Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Engineering Conference (1997 : Nashville, Tenn.), and Papermakers Conference (1997 : Nashville, Tenn.), eds. Engineering & papermakers: Forming bonds for better papermaking : October 6-9, 1997, Opryland Hotel, Nashville, TN. Atlanta, GA: TAPPI Press, 1997.

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Danheiser, Rick L. Asymmetric Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2018.

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Roberts, Stanley M., John Whittall, Jianliang Xiao, and Tom E. Pickett. Metal Catalysed Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2007.

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Sharma, Rakesh Kumar, and Bubun Banerjee. [Set Green-Bond Forming Reactions, Vol 1+2]. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2022.

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Enders, Dieter, Jean Rodriguez, and Damien Bonne. Stereoselective Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations in Organic Synthesis. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2015.

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Enders, Dieter, Jean Rodriguez, and Damien Bonne. Stereoselective Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations in Organic Synthesis. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bond forming"

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Sun, Chang Q. "Kinetics of Bond Forming and Bond Switching." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 147–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-21-7_7.

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Zhdankin, Viktor V. "C-C-Bond Forming Reactions." In Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry, 99–136. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46114-0_4.

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Koser, Gerald F. "C-Heteroatom-Bond Forming Reactions." In Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry, 137–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46114-0_5.

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Koser, Gerald F. "Heteroatom-Heteroatom-Bond Forming Reactions." In Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry, 173–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46114-0_6.

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Atta-ur-Rahman and Zahir Shah. "Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions." In Stereoselective Synthesis in Organic Chemistry, 185–396. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8327-7_4.

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Shimizu, Masaki. "CC Bond-Forming Coupling Reactions." In Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction, 571–616. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118629871.ch22.

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Parashar, Rakesh Kumar. "Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Forming Reactions." In Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Synthesis, 148–90. West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118681299.ch4.

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Bonne, Damien, Thierry Constantieux, Yoann Coquerel, and Jean Rodriguez. "Cascade Reactions Forming Both C-C Bond and C-Heteroatom BOND." In Stereoselective Organocatalysis, 559–85. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118604755.ch16.

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Zarganes-Tzitzikas, Tryfon, Ahmad Yazbak, and Alexander Dömling. "Industrial Applications of Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations (MBFTs)." In Stereoselective Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations in Organic Synthesis, 423–46. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119006220.ch15.

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Parashar, Rakesh Kumar. "Transition Metal-Mediated Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions." In Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Synthesis, 191–223. West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118681299.ch5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bond forming"

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PIWEK, A. "Influence of enlarged joining zone interfaces on the bond properties of tailored formed hybrid components made of 20MnCr5 steel and EN AW-6082 aluminium." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903131-87.

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Abstract. Hybrid material compounds offer an extension of the technological application range of monolithic components by combining positive material-specific properties. In the case of steel and aluminium, a load-adapted component with high strength areas and a reduced weight can be created. Tailored Forming enables the joining zone created by a pre-joining process to be modified and enhanced by a subsequent forming step. Derived from previous studies, an enlarged joining zone interface through spherical joining zone curvature and an equalisation of yield stresses through an inhomogeneous induction heating with partial cooling are necessary to achieve a defect free bond with high strength and ductility. In order to further enlarge the joining zone interface and hence to increase the surface ratio of juvenile welding spots without brittle intermetallic compounds, different local plastic strains are induced. Additionally, an alternative spray cooling concept is used to evaluate the effect of steeper temperature gradients on the bond quality. Rotary friction welded specimens made of 20MnCr5 steel and EN AW-6082 aluminium are cup backward extruded with different extrusion ratios using punch diameters of 22 mm and 30 mm. Metallographic images, SEM analysis and hardness tests of cross-sections are used to evaluate the bond quality with regard to the joining zone formation, occurring defects and the resulting intermetallic compound. With cooling, higher yield stresses could be set in the aluminium, which counteract material failure even with larger punch diameters due to a higher deformability. However, the surface enlargement of the joining zone is reduced. Despite the higher surface enlargement in uncooled specimens, insufficient bonds were achieved due to existing cracks in the aluminium in or near the joining zone interface, as well as significant thicker intermetallic compounds.
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DENKENA, B. "Manufacturing of graded grinding wheels for flute grinding." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902479-132.

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Abstract. In this paper, two different methods for manufacturing of graded grinding wheels for two different metal bonds are presented. One method is based on the use of a mask and manual moulding and the other on a height-adjustable holder for moulding. For this purpose, a brittle and a ductile bronze bond are compared. The graded grinding wheels are fabricated through sintering with Field Assisted Sintering Technology (FAST). An analysis of the grain distribution is used to demonstrate the reproducibility of the manufacturing methodology. For analysis, light microscope images of cross-sections of the abrasive layers are taken. The grain distribution is determined using image processing software and a greyscale method. Finally, the advantages of each method are compared. As a result, both manufacturing methods are evaluated in terms of precision, feasibility and efficiency. From this, a recommendation on the implementation and further development of the methods is derived. This method enables the manufacturing of graded grinding wheels for an effective reduction of wear differences for grinding cemented carbide end mill cutters.
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PIWEK, A. "Investigation of the joining zone formation of impact extruded hybrid components by varied forming sequence and partial cooling." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902479-64.

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Abstract. Hybrid material concepts enable the combination of beneficial properties of different materials to extend the limited potential of monolithic components. When it comes to steel and aluminium, a wear-resistant and a lightweight metal are combined to produce a weight-reduced high-performance component with load-adapted areas. A method to create hybrid gear shafts is a novel approach called Tailored Forming. The process chain consists of joining e. g. by friction welding and subsequent impact extrusion under elevated temperature. Before forming, an axial temperature gradient is set in the serial arranged semi-finished products to adjust the different yield stresses of the dissimilar materials through induction heating of the steel part. The subsequent forming is intended to positively influence the joining zone thermo-mechanically and geometrically. However, prior work indicated a limitation of the influence on the joining zone in forward rod extrusion. Therefore, approaches are being researched that enable a stronger formation of the joining zone geometry to influence the resulting bond qualities through surface enlargement. A forward rod extrusion process of friction welded hybrid semi-finished products made of 20MnCr5 (AISI 5120H) combined with EN AW-6082 (AA6082) was carried out experimentally. Complementary to prior investigations, in which mainly the aluminium section was reduced through the die angle followed by the steel, the forming sequence of the materials was reversed to increase the joining zone surface with variation of the forming path. Additionally, a cooling of the aluminium side was realized through an immersion cooling to adjust maximum temperature gradients and further equalize the different yield stresses. Hardness tests, metallographic and SEM images of cross-sections were taken to evaluate the bond quality with regard to the temperature influence, joining zone formation, occurring defects and the resulting intermetallic compound (IMC). Impact extrusion with initially steel formed followed by aluminium resulted in a spherical formation of the joining zone and consequently in greater surface area, but also lead to partial defects in the IMC. The partial cooling of the aluminium allowed higher temperature gradients to be set, thus reducing defects through improved material flow in the joining zone.
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SIEGMUND, M. "Hot die forging with nitrided and thermally stabilized DLC coated tools." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902479-63.

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Abstract. Hot forging dies are subjected to high loads, which can lead to early tool failures. Abrasive wear, plastic deformation and thermal softening of the surface layer can be counteracted in particular by a high surface hardness. Thermochemical diffusion treatments and coatings are established as wear protection measures. DLC coatings, which feature excellent frictional properties and high hardness, are commonly applied on cold forging tools. However, the low coating adhesion to steel and the thermal stability of the diamond bond limit the current range of application. In this study, DLC coatings are applied in metallic treatment atmospheres with the aim of increasing the diamond bond’s temperature resistance. Furthermore, the influence of weak and intense nitriding to coating adhesion is investigated to reduce coating delamination. A pre-selection of modified DLC coatings for hot forging dies was carried out on the basis of hardness and scratch tests. The most promising tungsten DLC coating was tested in serial forging tests. Based on tool contour comparisons before and after forging, the potential as a wear protection measure for hot forging dies was determined. Tool wear was reduced by up to 29 % after 100 forging cycles with the tungsten DLC coating compared to the nitrided reference.
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KAUSHIK, Pankaj. "Friction stir-assisted cladding: Solid-state recycling of machine shop scrap for sustainable metal production." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903131-309.

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Abstract. The manufacturing industry, a cornerstone of modern economies, generates a substantial amount of waste in the form of manufacturing chips, which often end up as discarded byproducts. This waste not only poses environmental hazards but also represents a missed opportunity for resource efficiency and cost savings. This article explores the innovative use of friction stir-assisted cladding (FS-AC) as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for repurposing aluminum chips on a steel substrate without melting the material. The study investigates the mechanism of the FS-AC process, highlighting the conversion of metallic swarf into a feedstock material for cladding without entailing costly clad materials. Metallographic analysis demonstrates a uniformly clad layer with an average thickness of 0.95 mm. The study addresses challenges related to bonding at the clad layer-substrate interface and proposes further advanced characterization studies for diffusion analysis and coating-substrate bond strength. In conclusion, the FS-AC process presents a valuable method for recycling machine shop floor scrap, transforming it into useful feedstock material for cladding purposes, and that too in an energy-efficient manner. This proposed approach has promising potential for processing different material combinations for additive manufacturing and exploring functionally graded material development using metallic swarf.
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Biresaw, Girma, Terry A. Isbell, and Steven C. Cermak. "Film-Forming Properties of Estolides." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64089.

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Estolides are biobased materials obtained from synthesis of ingredients derived from agricultural products. They are oligoesters obtained by the reaction of fatty acids and/or methyl esters with a double bond. By varying the chemistries of the starting materials and the reaction conditions, estolides of varying chemical structures, and physical properties are obtained. Estolides have been found to have suitable properties for some lubrication applications. However, the effect of estolide chemical/physical characterstics on its tribological properties have yet to be understood. In this work, the effect of estolide physical/chemical variability on its film-forming properties is examined.
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Khaledi, Kavan, Stephan Wulfinghoff, and Stefanie Reese. "Analysis of factors influencing the bond strength in roll bonding processes." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST INTERNATIONAL ESAFORM CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL FORMING: ESAFORM 2018. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5034863.

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Ubani, Solomon, Muhannad A. Obeidi, and Dermot Brabazon. "Laser surface texturing for the improvement of press-fit joint bond strength." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 22ND INTERNATIONAL ESAFORM CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL FORMING: ESAFORM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5112689.

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Wang, Xueqiang, Joan G. Donaire, and Ruben Martin. "Metal-Free sp2 and sp3 C-H Functionalization/C-O Bond Forming Reaction." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_2013815132216.

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Chen, Jau-Liang, Yeh-Chao Lin, Chun-Hsien Liu, Wen-Chang Kuo, and Tzung-Ching Lee. "Application of Neural Network in Free Air Ball Forming for Wire Bonder." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/cie-9087.

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Abstract The shape and size of free-air-ball formation deeply affect the quality of wire bonding. It not only affects the bondability of first bond (ball bond), but also affects the possibility of processing low loop height bonding for thin form packages and high I/O fine pitch packages. Several parameters, such as tail length, spark gap, supplied voltage, current and time of electrical flame-off unit etc., will affect the free-air-ball formation. This paper represents a study of using error-back-propagation neural network method to analyze the effect of each parameter and to predict the final result of the ball forming. From the experiment, it is shown that neural network can not only be used to precisely predict the size of ball formation, but also saves sampling time.
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Reports on the topic "Bond forming"

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Templeton, J. L. Bond forming reactions of carbyne and nitrene complexes. Final technical report for DE-FG02-96ER14608. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803353.

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Cohen, William S. Defense Issue: Volume 13, Number 27. Forming Bonds of Diplomacy to Avoid War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada342485.

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Riveros, Guillermo, Felipe Acosta, Reena Patel, and Wayne Hodo. Computational mechanics of the paddlefish rostrum. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41860.

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Purpose – The rostrum of a paddlefish provides hydrodynamic stability during feeding process in addition to detect the food using receptors that are randomly distributed in the rostrum. The exterior tissue of the rostrum covers the cartilage that surrounds the bones forming interlocking star shaped bones. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this work is to assess the mechanical behavior of four finite element models varying the type of formulation as follows: linear-reduced integration, linear-full integration, quadratic-reduced integration and quadratic-full integration. Also presented is the load transfer mechanisms of the bone structure of the rostrum. Findings – Conclusions are based on comparison among the four models. There is no significant difference between integration orders for similar type of elements. Quadratic-reduced integration formulation resulted in lower structural stiffness compared with linear formulation as seen by higher displacements and stresses than using linearly formulated elements. It is concluded that second-order elements with reduced integration and can model accurately stress concentrations and distributions without over stiffening their general response. Originality/value – The use of advanced computational mechanics techniques to analyze the complex geometry and components of the paddlefish rostrum provides a viable avenue to gain fundamental understanding of the proper finite element formulation needed to successfully obtain the system behavior and hot spot locations.
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