Dissertations / Theses: 'Bonamia'

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Gervais, Ophélie. "Etude cellulaire et moléculaire de l’apoptose chez l’huître plate Ostrea edulis en réponse au parasite Bonamia ostreae." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROS025/document.

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L’huître plate, Ostrea edulis, est l’espèce d’huître endémique européenne. Sa production est aujourd’hui réduite en raison de surpêches historiques et de maladies dont la bonamiose. En raison des fortes mortalités observées chez l’huître creuse ces dernières années les conchyliculteurs tendent à vouloir diversifier leur production et manifestent un regain d’intérêt pour cette espèce patrimoniale. Néanmoins, la bonamiose, maladie due au parasite protozoaire, Bonamia ostreae, reste un problème majeur pour la production de cette espèce. Les moyens de lutte contre cette maladie sont limités, mais nécessitent de meilleures connaissances sur les interactions entre l’huître plate et le parasite. De précédentes études ont suggéré que l’apoptose est activée par l’huître plate pour se défendre contre le parasite. Ce mécanisme est connu pour être impliqué dans de nombreux processus biologiques dont la défense contre des organismes pathogènes. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif général de ce travail de thèse est de mieux caractériser l’implication de l’apoptose dans la réponse de l’huître plate à une infection à B. ostreae. Des outils ont tout d’abord été développés afin d’étudier le processus apoptotique d’un point de vue cellulaire en cytométrie en flux et microscopie ainsi que d’un point de vue moléculaire en mesurant l’expression de gènes impliqués dans l’apoptose. Ces outils ont alors été utilisés pour étudier les interactions entre O. edulis et B. ostreae in vitro et in vivo. Les résultats obtenus confirment l’implication de l’apoptose dans les mécanismes de défense de l’huître plate en réponse à B. ostreae et mettent en évidence la capacité du parasite à déjouer ce mécanisme afin de survivre et se multiplier dans les hémocytes. Enfin, la réponse apoptotique a été appréhendée chez l’huître plate et l’huître creuse dans le cadre d’expositions à divers micro-organismes : OsHV-1, Vibrio aestuarianus et des micro-algues
The flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, is the European endemic oyster species. Its production has been reduced because of overfishing and diseases including bonamiosis. Massive mortalities observed on the Pacific cupped oyster these last years explained the wish of shellfish farmers to diversify their production and their revival of interest for this patrimonial oyster species. However, bonamiosis due to the protozoan, Bonamia ostreae, is still a major problem for the production of this species. Measures to control the disease are limited and require a better knowledge of the interactions between the flat oyster and the parasite. Previous studies have suggested the involvement of apoptosis in flat oyster defense mechanisms against B. ostreae. This mechanism is involved in various biological mechanisms including defense against pathogens. In this context, the main objective of this PhD work was to better characterize the involvement of the apoptosis during interactions between the flat oyster and the parasite B. ostreae. In a first step, some tools were developed in order to study the apoptotic process at the cellular level using flow cytometry and microscopy as well as at the molecular level by measuring apoptotic gene expression. In a second step, these tools were used to study O. edulis-B. ostreae interactions in vitro and in vivo. Obtained results confirm the involvement of apoptosis in the response of the flat oyster to B. ostreae and demonstrate the ability of the parasite to inhibit the apoptosis pathway in order to survive and multiply within the hemocytes. Finally, the apoptotic response has been investigated in the flat and Pacific oysters after exposure to diverse micro-organism: OsHV-1, Vibrio aestuarianus and micro-algae

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Flood, Anna. "Detection of Bonamia ostreae in fixed Ostrea edulis tissues by use of specific PCR assays." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8013.

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Infection by the parasite Bonamia ostreae has infected and caused major mortality of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, over the last 25 years throughout the coasts of Europe and the United States of America. The conventional techniques for the diagnosis of infection with Bonamia ostreae are typically by histology and cytology. Both have a low sensitivity and Bonamia ostreae in weekly infected oysters can remain undetected when analyzed by such techniques. Molecular methods like the Polymerase Chain Reaction have recently been applied for a more reliable and sensitive detection of Bonamia ostreae.

The aim of this project was to optimize a PCR for the specific detection of the 18S Small Ribosomal subunit rDNA gene of Bonamia ostreae in formalin fixed Ostrea edulis tissues. While the PCR was successfully optimized for purified oyster DNA from fresh tissue it was difficult to apply on formalin fixed oyster tissues due to poor quality DNA from the fixed tissues. Ethanol fixed tissues were also tested for Bonamia ostreae, however, the primers were not specific for Bonamia ostreae and uninfected oysters also tested positive which led to the conclusion that the PCR could not be used as a reliable detection method for Bonamia ostreae in oysters. Despite using alternative primers which were designed to amplify other components of the Bonamia ostreae genome no consistent results were achieved to reliably use the PCR method for the accurate detection of Bonamia ostreae in oysters. The conclusion of this project is that other genomic sites in Bonamia ostreae must be identified as a target for PCR for this test to be specific.

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Morga, Benjamin. "Etude des interactions hôte/parasite chez l'huître plate Ostrea edulis et son parasite Bonamia ostreae." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618480.

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L'histoire de l'ostréiculture française met en évidence la fragilité de cette production face à la surexploitation des stocks et l'apparition de maladies. En particulier, la production d'huître plate, Ostrea edulis, a fortement diminué suite à l'apparition de deux maladies parasitaires dont la bonamiose. Les moyens de lutte contre la bonamiose sont relativement restreints. Ils sont essentiellement basés sur la surveillance de la santé des huîtres afin de limiter la dissémination et la propagation de la maladie. Cependant l'utilisation de modèles prédictifs de l'évolution de la maladie en zone infectée permettrait d'optimiser la gestion des stocks et minimiser l'impact des agents pathogènes. De plus, le développement d'animaux résistants à l'infection pourrait permettre de relancer cette production. Ces différentes approches nécessitent des outils diagnostiques adaptés, une bonne connaissance du cycle de vie de l'agent pathogène, et, plus particulièrement des interactions du parasite avec son hôte. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal du travail de thèse proposé est de comprendre les interactions entre l'huître plate Ostrea edulis et son parasite Bonamia ostreae, et, plus particulièrement les bases moléculaires de la résistance au parasite. Dans un premier temps, la réalisation d'une banque soustractive d'ADNc a permis d'identifier des ESTs différentiellement exprimées chez des hémocytes en réponse au parasite. L'expression de certains gènes dont une galectine a été mesurée en PCR en temps réel dans le contexte d'infections in vitro. En complément, la réponse cellulaire a été étudiée par cytométrie en flux et l'infection contrôlée en microscopie. Ces expériences ont montré une multiplication parasitaire dans les hémocytes au cours du temps associée à une diminution de la production d'EOR et d'estérases. Dans un second temps, il a été entrepris une étude comparative entre une population d'huîtres plates résistantes à la bonamiose et une population naturelle. Les résultats obtenus tendent à montrer qu'une modulation de l'apoptose et une diminution de la phagocytose seraient impliquées dans les mécanismes liés à la résistance à la bonamiose. Ce travail est le premier à étudier la réponse des hémocytes d'huîtres plates à une infection par le parasite Bonamia ostreae au niveau cellulaire et moléculaire.

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Lopes, Edizon Veiga, and 92-9643-3377. "Composição química e avaliação da atividade antimalárica de Cipó-tuíra [Bonamia ferruginea (Choisy) Hallier f)]." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2015. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6144.

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FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
Bonamia ferruginea (Choisy) Hallier f., popularly known as cipó-tuíra is a small liana that has velvety, brown-colored leaves and stems. It is used by the Amazonian people in the treatment of malaria. In vitro antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was evaluated for extracts that were prepared by infusion and decoction of stem and leaf, and soxhlet extraction using chloroform, methanol and water as solvents. The methanol and aqueous leaf extracts were tested against Plasmodium berghei in vivo in mice. All extracts were inactive in vitro and in vivo. This work was performed to study the chemical composition of B. ferruginea. We opted for the chromatographic fractionation of the chloroform extract, although it was not considered active (40.6%) inhibition at 50 μg mL-1) against P. falciparum in the in vitro test. From the hexane extract of the stem of B. ferruginea the triterpenes lupeol, friedelin and glutinol were isolated. The chloroform extract of the stem provided the coumarins scopoletin and isofraxidin. A hemiterpene, 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of B. ferriginea. The characterization of the isolated compounds was performed by spectroscopic techniques such as MS and one and two dimensional NMR, and comparison with literature data.
Bonamia ferruginea (Choisy) Hallier f., popularmente conhecida como cipó-tuíra, é uma liana de pequeno porte com caule e folhas aveludadas de cor marrom, utilizada pela população amazônica no tratamento de malária. No presente trabalho, foi avaliada a atividade antiplasmódica in vitro contra o Plasmodium falciparum dos extratos preparados por infusão e decocção de caule e folha, e extratos feitos das mesmas partes da planta, em aparelho de soxhlet com clorofórmio, metanol e água. Os extratos metanólico e aquoso da folha foram testados contra o Plasmodium berghei in vivo em camundongos. Os extratos não apresentaram atividade antimalárica in vitro ou in vivo. Também foi realizado um estudo da composição química de B. ferruginea. Optou-se pelo fracionamento cromatográfico do extrato clorofórmico do caule, mesmo não sendo considerado ativo (40,6% de inibição a 50 μg/mL-1) frente ao P. falciparum no teste in vitro. Do extrato hexânico proveniente do caule de B. ferruginea, foram isolados os triterpenos lupeol, friedelina e glutinol. Do extrato clorofórmico do caule, obtiveram-se as cumarinas escopoletina e isofraxidina e o hemiterpeno 2-metil-1, 2, 3, 4-butanotetrol, isolado do extrato acetato de etila do caule de B. ferriginea. A caracterização das substâncias isoladas foram realizada por técnicas espectroscópicas como EMAR e RMN uni e bidimensional, além de comparação com dados da literatura.

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Tomaitė, Gintarė. "Jerubės (Tetrastes bonasia) populiacijų genetinės struktūros įvertinimas lietuvoje, naudojant mikrosatelitų molekulinius žymenis." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120813_105546-96627.

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Šiame darbe buvo tiriamas Lietuvoje gyvenančių jerubių genetinis variabilumas panaudojant mikrosatelitinių pradmenų analizės metodus. Pavyzdžiai buvo surinkti iš Rietavo savivaldybėje, Ukmergės, Trakų, Vilniaus, Šakių ir Telšių rajonuose esančių miškų. DNR buvo išskiriama iš neinvaziniu būdu surinktų pavyzdžių, iškritusių plunksnų bei surinktų ekskrementų. Kadangi specialių mikrosatelitinių pradmenų jerubių rūšiai dar nėra sukurta, šiame darbe buvo panaudotos trys žvyrėms (Lagopus lagopus) specifiški mikrosatelitinių lokusų pagausinimui skirti pradmenys. Buvo apskaičiuoti alelių, genotipų ir heterozigotiškumo dažniai, ir individai iš Ukmergės MU pasižymėjo žemu alelių dažniu ir aukštu homozigotų dažniu. Mitochondrinės DNR analizė parodė, kad tarp 12 Lietuvos populiacijai priklausančių jerubių sekų, net 8 buvo skirtingos ir dėl to priskirtinos 8 skirtingiems haplotipais. Mitochondrinės DNR sekų filogenetiniai ryšiai parodė, kad Lietuvos jerubių populiacijoje aptikti haplotipai formuoja dvi filogenetiškai tolimas šakas, tuo tarpu Lenkijos haplotipų įvairovė gerokai didesnė. Tikėtina, kad šiuos skirtumus labiausiai įtakoja nevienodi lyginamų imčių dydžiai.
Non-invasively collected samples of feathers and faeces of Hazel Grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) were collected in different parts of Lithuania and covered several local populations of Rietavas, Ukmergė, Trakai, Vilnius, Šakiai and Telšiai districts. Three primer pairs of microsatellite loci, designed for taxonomically related Red Grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus), were used to verify their suitability for evaluation of genetic structure. Allele and genotype frequencies as well as heterozygosity were calculated and individuals from Ukmergė showed low frequency of allele, and high in homozigosity. Mitochondrial DNA analysis showed that in 12 sequences from Lithuanian population, 8 of them were different and could be assigned to 8 different haplotypes. Neighbour joining tree showed that haplotypes in Lithuanian population forms two branches with high distance. While variability of Poland haplotypes, obtained from Gene Bank was bigger. That could be affected by different compared samples sizes.

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Carnegie, Ryan. "Distribution and Impact of the Oyster Parasite Bonamia Ostreae in Maine, and its Detection Using DNA Probes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2000. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/CarnegieRB2000.pdf.

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White, Delonna M. "A Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus Bonamia Based on Sequence Data of the Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Gene Complex." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617875.

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Matulionytė, Kristina. "Jerubės (Bonasa bonasia) buveinių pasirinkimo ypatumai Asvejos regioniniame parke." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_131642-91159.

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Tyrimai atlikti 2008 m. Asvejos regioninio parko miškuose. Tyrimų metu užregistruota 18 jerubių (Bonasa Bonasia L). Analizuota šios rūšies biologijos, ekologijos ypatumai labiausiai įtakojantys buveinių pasirinkimą. Jerubės veisimosi metu dažniau pasirenka sklypus, kuriuose pirmąjį medžių ardą formuoja paprastoji pušis (Pinus sylvestris L.), beržas (Betula), paprastoji eglė (Picea abies L). Reikšmingos įtakos medynų amžius, lajų susiglaudimo laipsnis, pomiškio tankumas jerubės buveinių pasirinkimui nenustatyta. Jerubės dažniausiai pasirinko medynus augančius derlingesnėse augavietėse. Nustatyta, kad jerubės dažniau aptinkamos medynuose su vyraujančiu paprastojo lazdyno, paprastosios ievos bei dalinai sausmedžio traku, todėl šios medyno struktūrinės dalies įtaka jerubės buveinių pasirinkimui laikytina reikšminga.
The Researchs was done in forest of Asveja regional park in 2008. Was registrated 18 Bonasa Bonasia L. during the research. This sort biological and ecological peculiarity mostly influencing residence selection was analyzed. Grouses in breeding season mostly picks plots, where first trees dissensions forms Pinus sylvestris L., Betula, Picea abies L. Significant, forests age, folding degree, underwood thickness, influence of grouses residense selection wasn‘t found. Grouses mostly picked forests which grew in productive areas. Were identyfied, that grouses mostly were found in forest with dominent ordinary nutwood, ordinary eva and partly honeysuckle glade, thats why these forests structural part has significant influence on grouses residence selection.

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Rogier, Hervé. "Mise au point d'immunodosages de cibles nouvelles à l'aide d'anticorps monoclonaux : protéine 52 K, marqueur associé aux tumeurs mammaires ; Bonamia, parasite de l'huître plate." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON13503.

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Hill, Kristina M. "Understanding the Origins, Dispersal, and Evolution of Bonamia Species (Phylum Haplosporidia) Based on Genetic Analyses of Ribosomal RNA Gene Regions." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617909.

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HERVIO, DOMINIQUE. "Contribution a l'etude de bonamia ostreae (ascetospora), protozoaire parasite de l'huitre ostrea edulis (bivalvia), et a l'analyse des interactions hote-parasite." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF21387.

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Le protozoaire bonamia ostreae, parasite intrahemocytaire de l'huitre plate ostrea edulis, est responsable d'une endemie particulierement importante pour l'ostreiculture europeenne. La purification du parasite a permis sa caracterisation par des techniques originales en pathologie des mollusques. Plusieurs activites enzymatiques ont ete identifiees. Des anticorps polyclonaux et monoclonaux ont ete prepares et appliques a la caracterisation antigenique de b. Ostreae et a son immunodiagnostic. Le clonage de l'adn genomique et l'etablissement de sequences nucleiques ont conduit a la synthese d'amorces oligonucleiques utilisables pour amplifier specifiquement l'adn parasitaire. Les interactions hote-parasite ont ete etudiees sur la base d'infections experimentales in vitro d'hemocytes de o. Edulis (espece sensible) et de c. Gigas (refractaire). La phagocytose, essentiellement dirigee par l'hote, ne semble specifique ni d'un type hemocytaire, ni de l'espece d'huitre. La reconnaissance parasite-hemocyte, analysee en considerant l'implication depitopes membranaires de b. Ostreae ou de facteurs seriques met en evidence des differences minimes entre o. Edulis et c. Gigas. Pour ces deux especes, la phagocytose du parasite ne s'accompagne pas d'une activite metabolique respiratoire des hemocytes, alors qu'une telle activite est mise en evidence lors de la phagocytose du zymosan. In vitro les hemocytes montrent une viabilite limitee et une perte rapide de leurs capacites microbicides, ce qui revele les limites des systemes in vitro pour l'etude du devenir intrahemocytaire du parasite, tant chez l'espece sensible que chez l'espece refractaire. Les interactions hote-parasite ont ete etudiees in vivo. C. Gigas est refractaire a l'infection experimentale. Chez o. Edulus la reproduction de la bonamiose a ete standardisee. La dose infectieuse 50% a ete estimee pour des conditions experimentales determinees. Les infections ont des cinetiques de developpement variant en fonction de la dose, des individus et de la souche geographique

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com, dbearham@hotmail, and Douglas Bearham. "Identification and characterisation of two haplosporidian parasites of oysters in north Western Australia." Murdoch University, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20081114.120135.

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A cryptic haplosporidian parasite was detected infecting rock oysters from the Montebello Islands in north-western Australia using a PCR targeting the parasites small ribosomal subunit gene. The PCR products were cloned and sequenced along with the remaining sections of the parasites SSU rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence generated indicated a Minchinia species (Haplosporidia). The SSU sequence generated was used to develop two in situ hybridisation assays to visualise the parasite in H/E sections as well as a PCR assay to detect the parasite. The molecular assays were assessed for specificity and sensitivity and were then used to compare the parasite to previous haplosporidian parasite infections of pearl oysters. Both assays produced positive results from the infected pearl oysters but not from other closely related haplosporidian species. An SEM and TEM electron microscopy analysis was performed on spores from both parasite species. The spores of the pearl oyster parasite had two spore wall filaments wound around the spore originating for a posterior thickening while the spores of the rock oyster parasite were covered in microtubule-like structures. These data suggests pearl oysters where co-infected with both the Haplosporidium sp. and the Minchinia sp. detected in rock oysters. No evidence of a posterior thickening could be found on the spores of the rock oyster parasite. Attempts to detect the parasite at the previous geographic sites of its detection in pearl oysters resulted in detection of the Minchinia species in tropical oysters in the Kimberley region of Western Australia by in-situ hybridisation.

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Besnard-Cochennec, Nathalie. "Bonamia ostreae, parasite de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis : sa position taxonomique parmi les parasites du groupe "microcell" : analyses des interactions hôte-parasite chez plusieurs populations d'huître plates." La Rochelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LAROS073.

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La Bonamiose, maladie due au protozaire Bonamia ostreae a été détectée en 1979 pour la première fois en Bretagne au cours d'épisodes de mortalité. Depuis, cette maladie s'est propagée à tous les centres ostréicoles français, puis européens. Une autre espèce, B. Sp. A été décrite en Nouvelle Zélande et en Australie. En outre, deux autres parasites ont été rapprochés du genre Bonamia. Il s'agit de Mikrocytos mackini qui affecte les huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas au Canada et M. Roughleyi qui affecte les huîtres sauvages en Australie, Saccostrea commercialis. Ces quatre parasites sont regroupés sous le nom " microcell ". Les caractérisations ultrastructurales et moléculaires de ces parasites ont été réalisées. Elles ont permis d'inclure les parasites B. Ostreae, B. Sp et M. Roughleyi dans le phylum des Haplosporidia. Une nouvelle espèce a été créée pour B. Sp. , B. Exitiosus. Des outils moléculaires de détection des genres B. Spp. Et M. Spp et d'identification d'espèces ont été mis au point (PCR, PCR-RFLP, Hybridation in situ). L'analyse en cytométrie en flux nous a permis de caractériser morphologiquement et fonctionnellement les effecteurs cellulaires des mécanismes de défense des huîtres plates, les hémocytes circulants. Trois types hémocytaires ont été décrits sur la base de leur taille et de leur granularité. La répartition hémocytaire indique que la population des cellules agranuleuses est majoritaire dans l'hémolymphe. Quatre lectines hétérologues ont permis de discriminer les populations granuleuses et agranuleuses. La mise au point de dosage d'activités cellulaires a permis d'évaluer pour chaque type cellulaire l'expression de six activités déterminantes dans les mécanismes post-phagocytaires. Ces activités sont majoritaires dans les granulocytes. Les grandes cellules agranuleuses et les petits hyalinocytes présentent les mêmes activités mais les taux d'expression sont plus faibles. Les résultats de phagocytose, in vitro, suggèrent que le parasite B. Ostreae intervient de manière active dans la phagocytose. Les résidus glycosylés présents sur la membrane cytoplasmique du parasite sont identiques à ceux présents à la surface des granulocytes suggérant un rôle important des lectines dans les phénomènes de reconnaissance et d'internalisation. Afin de rechercher d'éventuelles relations entre ces paramètres et la résistance à la Bonamiose, différentes populations d'huîtres sensibles et sélectionnées ont été comparées. L'étude a permis de mettre en évidence une corrélation entre l'expression des estérases des grandes cellules agranuleuses et la résistance à la Bonamiose. Ces paramètres pourront servir de critère de sélection dans les programmes d'amélioration génétique.

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Desbrosses, Régis. "Habitats et fluctuations des populations de gelinotte des bois (Bonasa Bonasia) dans l'Est de la France." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS080.

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L'etude présente l'écologie de la gelinotte des bois (Bonasa Bonasia) dans les forêts étagées de la plaine à la limite supérieure de la forêt afin de connaitre l'état des populations et de suivre les fluctuations d'effectifs au cours de 15 années. La recherche d'indices en hiver permet de vérifier la présence de l'espèce. La battue en ligne donne des résultats sur la reproduction. Le rappel de printemps et d'automne permet de repérer les males. L'habitat de la gelinotte est décrit dans chaque étage étudié. La population relictuelle de plaine occupe des forets de feuillus. Celles des reliefs jurassiens sont observées dans des forets mixtes. La structuration verticale et horizontale est une constante de l'habitat. L'importance du taillis et des essences arbustives du sous-bois et de l'effet lisière conditionnent la présence de l'espèce. Ces conditions favorisent des essences de lumière, ressources alimentaires hivernales. En automne, les males résidents défendent ou s'approprient des territoires, ils se manifestent par des comportements agressifs, se déplacent, se querellent. Ils s'exposent à la prédation des accipitridés plus forte les années de bonne reproduction. Au printemps, les querelles territoriales sont moins fréquentes et les males sentinelles s'approprient des femelles. Si l'enneigement est fort et juin peu arrosé avec des températures clémentes, la reproduction est bonne. A l'inverse, la reproduction est faible, si l'enneigement est faible et les conditions catastrophiques lors de l'éclosion des poussins. Les femelles conduisent les jeunes dans des zones ouvertes, dont la strate herbacée nourricière est bien développée. Les déclarations de prélèvements cynégétiques en automne ne sont pas fiables. Il est urgent d'agir de façon efficace afin d'enrayer les déclins de populations par une sylviculture qui peut reconstituer des biotopes et par une gestion cynégétique cohérente.

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Harrang, Estelle. "Apport des informations moléculaires et cellulaires pour la caractérisation de la résistance de l'huître plate européenne vis-à-vis de la bonamiose, et pour la détection de signatures de la sélection naturelle." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840222.

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L'huître plate européenne, espèce endémique des côtes européennes, est classée dans la catégorie des " espèces menacées et/ou en déclin ". En effet, les gisements naturels de cette huître ont été progressivement décimés par la sur-exploitation et par l'émergence successive de maladies parasitaires. Le parasite responsable de la bonamiose a notamment contribué à réduire de façon drastique l'exploitation de cette huître en France, et en Europe. Les mollusques bivalves marins présentent deux caractéristiques qui restreignent de fait le potentiel d'action pour lutter contre les maladies : ils sont cultivés en milieu ouvert, et possèdent un système immunitaire inné dépourvu de la capacité de réponse adaptative. Dans ce contexte, la sélection d'animaux naturellement résistants à la bonamiose est une voie prometteuse pour relancer la culture de l'huître plate européenne. Afin de mieux comprendre le phénomène de résistance à la bonamiose, plusieurs études ont porté sur les mécanismes de réponse de l'huître plate et sur l'identification de régions génomiques potentiellement impliquées dans les mécanismes de résistance à la maladie.Le présent travail de thèse consistait à améliorer la compréhension de la résistance de l'huître plate européenne vis-à-vis de la bonamiose, mais également à mieux caractériser la ressource génétique et la structuration de ses populations naturelles. L'huître plate n'étant pas un organisme modèle, seule une carte génétique préliminaire était disponible chez cette espèce. Il a donc été nécessaire de développer de nouveaux outils moléculaires afin d'optimiser la couverture de son génome. Des marqueurs de type SNP (polymorphisme d'une seule base) ont ainsi été développés par séquençage de produits PCR et par séquençage à haut débit. Afin d'améliorer la compréhension de la résistance à la bonamiose, trois expériences d'infection avec le parasite responsable de cette maladie ont été réalisées et ont permis de caractériser les phénotypes de réponse de l'huître plate à plusieurs échelles d'études.1- À l'échelle inter-familiale, il s'agissait de détecter des régions du génome (QTL) associées aux mécanismes de réponse (survie / mortalité) à la bonamiose chez plusieurs familles d'huîtres. Cette approche a permis d'identifier plusieurs régions génomiques d'intérêt communes entre les familles, et de nouvelles régions d'intérêt qui n'avaient pas encore été détectées.2- À l'échelle intra-familiale, il s'agissait de détecter des régions génomiques associées à la régulation d'activités hémocytaires (QTL) ou à l'expression de gènes (eQTL) préalablement identifiés comme potentiellement impliqués dans la réponse à la bonamiose. Cette approche, nouvelle chez un mollusque bivalve, a notamment permis de mettre en évidence une concordance positionnelle entre les régions génomiques impliquées dans la survie ou la mortalité à la bonamiose et celles impliquées dans la régulation des réponses cellulaires et/ou moléculaires.3- À l'échelle des populations, il s'agissait d'étudier un éventuel différentiel de réponse à la bonamiose chez des huîtres provenant de trois populations naturelles géographiquement et écologiquement distinctes. Cette étude a notamment permis d'identifier une possible adaptation à la parasitose des huîtres provenant de la baie de Quiberon. Afin de mieux caractériser les ressources naturelles de l'huître plate européenne, plusieurs populations couvrant l'ensemble de l'aire de distribution de l'espèce ont également été étudiées. Cette étude a permis de confirmer la forte diversité nucléotidique de l'huître plate, en évaluant pour la première fois la diversité génétique globale des populations naturelles d'un mollusque bivalve marin. Cette étude a également permis d'identifier une structuration génétique des populations, avec coïncidence entre les discontinuités dans la distribution des fréquences alléliques des marqueurs moléculaires sous sélection positive ou divergente et les barrières biogéographiques.

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Sahlsten, Jonas. "Impact of Geographical and Environmental Structures on Habitat Choice, Metapopulation Dynamics and Genetic Structure for Hazel Grouse (Bonasa bonasia)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ekologi och evolution, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7911.

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In this work suitable habitats for hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) were identified using ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA). The results from ENFA reveal that hazel grouse utilize a different and more restricted niche than what is generally available in the study area. When a landscape is fragmented the amount of edge increases, which is negative for many species and thus will affect the amount of available area. The perimeter-area ratio was used to analyze the relative importance of geometric shape. In order to estimate a correlation between incidence of hazel grouse and landscape features census data and land cover maps were analyzed with logistic regression models. It is concluded that hazel grouse is tied to coniferous forest and avoid open areas. However, the result indicates that there is a scale effect that should be considered. The amount of edge in a landscape seems to be important and shape of patches could be a better measure in metapopulation dynamics. In this study the Incidence function model was used to estimate occupancy levels and capacity of a landscape to sustain a metapopulation according to four different area measurement scenarios. Results from the simulations indicate that perimeter-area related measures of patch size combined with capacity could be a more important measure for estimation of population dynamics compared to a basic area measurement. Using a landscape genetic approach, hazel grouse genetic structure, neighbourhood size and dispersal distance were estimated. Genetic estimates of dispersal were in concordance with previous ecological estimates. The results indicate evidence of a population structure reminiscent of what has been found in many other Scandinavian animals with a basic north-south divide. No evidence was found that geographic and environmental structures affected gene flow and dispersal patterns for the hazel grouse.

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Jacob, Laure. "Le Régime alimentaire du Grand tétras (Tetrao urogallus L.) et de la Gélinotte des bois (Bonasa bonasia L.) dans le Jura." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376061394.

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Jacob, Laure. "Le régime alimentaire du grand tétras (Tetrao urogallus L. ) et de la gélinotte des bois (Bonasa bonasia L. ) dans le Jura." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS009.

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L'étude est fondée sur l'analyse de 299 prélèvements de crottes de Grands tétras et 93 de Gélinottes, par la méthode des fragments. L'application d'une technique d'optimisation a montré que 50 fragments suffisent à caractériser un prélèvement. L'étude des besoins énergétiques a d'abord été effectuée en captivité, ce qui a permis, notamment, d'exprimer le rendemment de la digeston caecale. L'alimentation ne constitue pas directement un facteur limitant pour la population de Grands tétras, mais des dérangements répétés sur les lieux d'hivernage pourraient jouer un rôle néfaste en provoquant un accroissement inhabituel des dépenses énergétiques.

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19

Cook, Rebecca. "Chance Meeting Yields Research Bonanza." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295741.

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20

Miksová, Šárka. "Ocenění společnosti BONAVITA, spol. s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201653.

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The main goal of this diploma thesis is a valuation of the company BONAVITA, spol. s.r.o. referring to 31st December 2014. Valuation process is based on publicly available data such as company´s annual reports. The diploma thesis consists of two main parts. The first is the theoretical part providing explanation and description of basic terminology, methods and approaches used in this particular valuation process. The practical part begins with a company introduction, followed by strategic and financial analysis in order to analyse the environment and financial health of the company. After that the value drivers are planned and on this basis the financial plan, which consists of a balance sheet and income statement, is formulated for the period from 2015 until 2019. The financial plan is a key element for valuation of the company using the DCF entity method which is compared to the book value of company´s net assets.

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21

Tomas, Mariana del Carmen. "Evaluación del potencial polifenólico de uvas Bonarda de Mendoza." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 2016. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/8306.

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La vid es uno de los cultivos frutícolas más importantes del mundo y en conjunto con la industria del vino, constituye la actividad socio-económica más relevante para la región Cuyo. Argentina es el principal productor vitícola de Latinoamérica y el quinto a nivel mundial. La provincia de Mendoza cuenta con el 71% del total de la superficie cultivada con vid y en relación con las variedades tintas para vinificar, la variedad Bonarda Argentina se encuentra en segundo lugar, y en términos de superficie implantada, representa el 84% del total nacional. Argentina es prácticamente el único país capaz de producir Bonarda en escala, por lo que es un varietal sin competencia de otros países, lo que permite diferenciarse en los mercados. En la uva, el potencial polifenólico es un parámetro de calidad que permite una valoración enológica, por su incidencia en las propiedades químicas y en las características sensoriales de los vinos, en relación a su concentración en las bayas. El conocimiento de la composición polifenólica de la uva es esencial, particularmente para la elaboración de vinos tintos, ya que permite definir el tipo de vino a elaborar y optimizar la gestión de las vinificaciones. Teniendo en cuenta el rol mencionado de los polifenoles y antocianos y, dada la falta de información en nuestra región, particularmente de esta variedad, se plantea la necesidad de conocer las características de estas uvas en su etapa de maduración, incluyendo la evaluación de su potencial polifenólico, contribuyendo de esta manera a la valoración del segundo varietal tinto implantado en Mendoza. En este trabajo se evaluaron uvas de la variedad Bonarda Argentina en distintos momentos de su maduración, durante dos años consecutivos (2012 y 2013), en viñedos ubicados en regiones vitícolas diferentes de Mendoza (Argentina), con el fin de evaluar el potencial polifenólico de las mismas y contribuir con esta información a la valoración de esta variedad para la obtención de vinos de calidad. Considerando de importancia capital el estado de maduración de las uvas se realizó el seguimiento de la evolución de la composición fenólica, a través del método propuesto por Glories y Augustin (1993). Adicionalmente se evaluaron parámetros físico-químicos clásicos para determinar madurez industrial y calidad. El estudio interanual de uvas Bonarda de Rivadavia y Lujan de Cuyo, mostró algunas diferencias en los parámetros fenólicos determinados. Si bien no hubo una tendencia clara de un año a otro, en general las uvas de Luján mostraron mayor Índice de Polifenoles Totales, presentando además una extracción y difusión de Antocianos mayor. También se obtuvieron diferencias en los parámetros físico-químicos entre ambas zonas. Destacaron valores de pH más elevados en Rivadavia, lo cual se corresponde con los menores valores hallados de acidez total y a su vez este comportamiento se relaciona con la menor concentración del contenido azucarino observada en la misma zona. No se dio una evolución coincidente entre el Índice de Extractabilidad de Antocianos y el incremento de la madurez. A partir de estas observaciones quedó en evidencia la influencia de la región de procedencia sobre las características polifenólicas de uvas y consecuentemente de los vinos. Así mismo, los índices de madurez polifenólica estudiados presentaron una variabilidad muy elevada, lo que significa que no se puede definir a partir de su aplicación un momento de cosecha que se ajuste a todas las regiones y a todas las temporadas. Éste índice no permitiría caracterizar las variedades en diferentes regiones dada la importante variabilidad observada en dos temporadas sucesivas. Los resultados de este estudio permiten completar la información disponible acerca del comportamiento de uvas Bonarda en diferentes zonas de Mendoza y permiten proponer un protocolo completo de evaluación y monitoreo del proceso de maduración de estas uvas.
Fil: Tomas, Mariana del Carmen. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias.

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Gimblett, Jennifer Leigh. "Warfare and Representation in the Classic Maya: Bonampak and Yaxchilan." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144320.

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23

Baptista, Rui Diogo Vieira. "The post-2007 financial crisis and the Portuguese banking industry : a case study." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6404.

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Mestrado Decisão Económica e Empresarial
O presente estudo de caso tem como objectivo analisar o papel do sistema bancário Português na actual crise económica Portuguesa. Os factos revelam a existência de uma crise bancária Portuguesa, com início em 2008 e que precedeu a grave crise económica, marcada pelo programa de resgate a Portugal, iniciado em Abril de 2011. Sugere-se que a crise bancária Portuguesa pode estar relacionada com a adesão de Portugal ao Euro, que eliminou o risco cambial, na zona Euro. No entanto, os riscos de crédito e de liquidez não desapareceram. De facto, as evidências indicam que após a adesão ao Euro, os bancos Portugueses intensificaram o seu endividamento junto do exterior, atingindo no final de 2007, um total de 82,0% de passivo junto de instituições financeiras estrangeiras, em relação ao PIB nominal. Esta situação contribuiu para uma bonança de fluxo de capitais, injectando liquidez na economia e, desta forma, sustentando uma fase expansionista de empréstimo e de aumento do consumo pelo crédito. Após esta fase, Portugal entrou numa fase de contracção e posteriormente de falha, em linha com estudos publicados anteriormente e originando uma crise bancária e económica. Ambas as crises foram amplificadas devido à crise das dívidas soberanas na Europa e ao programa de resgate a Portugal. Considerando indicadores utilizados para estudar crises bancárias noutros países, esta tese identifica uma crise bancária Portuguesa, marcada por quatro episódios distintos. Nomeadamente, 1) corrida aos depósitos de dois bancos e a nacionalização de um desses bancos em 2008; b) a dissolução e falência do outro banco em 2010; c) garantias públicas de aproximadamente 6,9% do PIB nominal aos principais bancos Portugueses, em 2011; d) custos públicos de recapitalização dos principais bancos Portugueses, de aproximadamente 4,0% do PIB nominal, em 2012. Durante este período de tempo, o Governo Português aumentou a dívida soberana Portuguesa e solicitou um programa de resgate financeiro à Troika, em Abril de 2011.
This case study intends to investigate the role of the Portuguese banking industry in the great economic crisis that Portugal is currently experiencing. The evidence shows the existence of a Portuguese banking crisis starting in 2008, and preceding the great economic crisis, marked by the Portuguese bailout program, initiated in April 2011. It is suggested that the Portuguese banking crisis may be related with the behavior of the Portuguese banking industry upon Portugal has joined the Euro Currency, which eliminated the exchange rate risk within the Euro Area. Though, the credit and liquidity risks were not completely vanished. In fact, the evidence seems to indicate that upon joining the Euro, the Portuguese banks started a process of intensive borrowing from foreign financial institutions, reaching total outstanding liabilities of 82,0% over the Portuguese nominal GDP, in 2007. This has contributed to a capital flow bonanza, pumping liquidity into the local economy, and thus sustaining both lending and creditdriven consumption booms. After the boom, Portugal entered a bust phase, in line with the published literature and originating a banking and economic crisis. Both crises were amplified due to the European sovereign debts and the Portuguese bailout program. Using published indicators referred to study banking crises in other countries, a Portuguese banking crisis is identified, marked by four episodes. Namely, 1) two bank runs and a Government takeover of one of the banks in 2008; 2) the bankruptcy of the other bank in 2010; 3) Government guarantees of approximately 6,9% of the nominal GDP to the major Portuguese banks, in 2011; and 4) Government recapitalization costs of approximately 4,0% of the nominal GDP to the major Portuguese banks, in 2012. During this time period, the Portuguese government increased the level of its sovereign debt, and has requested for the bailout assistance from Troika, in April 2011.

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Schwarz, Thomas. "Krus-Bonazza, Annette, Einwanderer im Ruhrgebiet : 1945-1995 / [rezensiert von] Thomas Schwarz." Universität Potsdam, 2001. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2425/.

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Rezensiertes Werk: Krus-Bonazza, Annette: Einwanderer im Ruhrgebiet : 1945 - 1995 / Annette Krus-Bonazza. - 1. Aufl. - Erfurt : Sutton, 2000. - 127 S. : zahlr. Ill. - (Erzählte Geschichte) ISBN 3-89702-225-7*kart.

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25

Bonavita, Jacob [Verfasser]. "Die juristische Konstruktion von Finanzinstrumenten als Herausforderung für die Rechtsökonomie / Jacob Bonavita." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222361272/34.

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26

McKnight, Martha Louise. "Petrogenesis of the Bonanza magma chamber, San Juan volcanic field, southwestern Colorado." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399900650.

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Bastida, Estrada Hugo. "Daño por inundación en el conjunto habitacional Bonanza, Metepec, Estado de México." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/49250.

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La normatividad y legislación en materia de conjunt os habitacionales es muy escasa o ambigua, debido a esto la construcción de fraccio namientos se realizan en terrenos que no son adecuados para este tipo de edificacione s, es decir son terrenos que son vulnerables o propensos a accidentes o con algún ti po de riesgo; las constructoras de este tipo de conjuntos aprovechan la falta de no rmatividad y adquieren estos terrenos a muy bajos precios y establecen en estos sus proyectos inmobiliarios, sin contemplar las externalidades, ni las consecuencias de establecer estas construcciones en terrenos con características dife rentes a su vocación natural.
El Conjunto habitacional Bonanza ubicado en San Bar tolomé Tlalteluco está construido sobre terrenos irregulares propensos a i nundaciones; edificado entre dos cuerpos de agua que son el cauce natural del río el Arenal y una corriente intermitente, este hecho asociado a la temporada de lluvias, produce inundaciones cíclicas que están afectando estructuralmente las v iviendas.

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28

Koch, Veronique. "The Spatial Ecology of Black Groupers (Mycteroperca bonaci) in the Upper Florida Keys." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/266.

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Black groupers (Mycteroperca bonaci) are a critical component of coral reef ecosystems as well as South Florida fisheries. It is therefore of great concern that their essential fish habitat has not yet been fully defined. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the ecology of black groupers was characterized in the Upper Florida Keys. The first part of this study utilized acoustic telemetry. Self-contained acoustic receivers were placed in an array around Conch Reef and tracked 16 tagged black groupers for 483 days. Patterns of movement behavior and habitat usage were modeled using presence-absence data. The capture-recapture program MARK was used to estimate the model parameters. It was found that spur and groove habitat was the most frequented habitat during the study period, along with artificial reef structure. Movement behavior followed patterns according to changes in seawater temperature, as well as sunrise and sunset. The second part of the study used anthropological methods based on political ecology to investigate the interactions of the black grouper population of the Upper Keys with the human residents and visitors to the area. In-depth life and work histories were conducted with stakeholders to determine the stakeholder groups involved in the political ecology of this natural resource. Seven stakeholder groups and eight subgroups interviewed over a three-month period. Paradoxically, black groupers remain a part of Upper Florida Keys culture, and demand for them has lead to increased rates of imports from other countries and fish fraud still prevails. Conducting ecological research along side an anthropological study proved to be key for obtaining a full overview of the ecology of black groupers. The study of stakeholder local knowledge can provide important information for telemetry studies, as well as inform resource managers seeking to establish enforceable regulations. The synthesis of this study showed that spatial management would be an appropriate tool for protecting black groupers juveniles, given their strong site fidelity.

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Whitaker, Darroch M. "Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) habitat ecology in the central and southern Appalachians." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01082004-180058.

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30

Bonazza, Mattia [Verfasser]. "Water vapor, precipitation and evapotranspiration isotopic composition in the tropical atmospheric boundary layer / Mattia Bonazza." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123249268X/34.

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31

Kelemen, Julia Carola [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen an mutmaßlichen Virulenzfaktoren von Trueperella bonasi und Trueperella bialowiezensis / Julia Carola Kelemen." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/104804744X/34.

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32

Paulson, Benjamin D. DeBari Susan M. "Magmatic processes in the Jurassic Bonanza arc : insights from the Alberni region of Vancouver Island, Canada /." Online version, 2010. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=331&CISOBOX=1&REC=3.

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33

Sen, Fatih. "Contribution à l'analyse chimique de plantes rares : Rouya polygama, Bonannia graeca, Azorella trifurcata et Xanthogalum purpurascens." Mulhouse, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MULH0849.

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Ce travail a porté sur l'étude phytochimique de quatre espèces de la famille des Apiacées, Rouya Polygama, Bonannla graeca, Azorella trifurcata et Xanthogalum purpurascens, ainsi que sur l'évaluation de l'activité antibiotique et de la cytotoxicité des composés isolés. L'isolement des composés et leur purification, basés sur l'utilisation d'une combinaison de méthodes chromatographiques, et leur détermination structurale grâce à l'utilisation de techniques physicochimiques et spectroscopiques, telles que l'ultraviolet, l'infrarouge, la spectrométrie de masse et la résonance magnétique nucléaire, ont permis d'isoler vingt nouveaux métabolites secondaires dont six dérivés sesquiterpènes-lactones de type gemacranolide : les rouyolides A, B, C, D et F, six dérivés flavonoïdiques: les bonagraécines A, B, C, D, E et la 5-méthoxybonannione, sesquiterpène de type daucane, l'azorellène, deux dérivés polyacétyléniques les azorellines A et B, enfin cinq furanocoumarines, les purpurascines A, B, C et D et le diangélate de byakangélicine. Les résultats obtenus dans les essais biologiques montrent une bonne activité antibiotique et une absence de cytotoxicité pour le rouyolide C isolé à partir de Rouya polygama
This work concerned the phytochemical study of four Apiaceae family species, Rouya Polygame. , Bonannla graeca, Azorella trIfurcata and Xanthogalum purpurascens, together with the evaluation of the antibiotic activity and the cytotoxic effect of the isolated compounds. The extraction and purification of the different constituents, based on the use of a combination of chromatographie methods, and their structural détermination, performed by physicochemical and spectroscopie methods, such as ultraviolet, infrarouge, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectomees, allowed us to isolate twenty new secondary metabolites which six sesquiterpene lactones derivates: rouyolids A, B, C, D and F, six flavonoids derivates: bonagraecins A, B, C, D, E and 5-methoxybonannione, one sesquiterpene daucane-type: azorellene, two polyacetylenic derivates: azorellins A and B, and five furanocoumarins: purpurascins A, B, C, D and byakangelicin diangelate. The results of the biological assays showed good antibiotic activity without cytotoxicity for rouyolide C isolated from Rouya polygama

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Firbas, Paul. "Apuntes sobre Don Quijote y las poéticas de la novela de Felix Martínez-Bonati." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101521.

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35

Dhyne, Miguel. "Etude spectroscopique de mélanges à base d'acétylene : expérience et modélisation." Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA2032.

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Ce travail porte sur l'étude de mélanges à base d'acétylène mis en présence d'autres gaz. Deux aspects complémentaires sont développés: une étude expérientale de paramètre spectraux des raies d'absorption infrarouge et une étude théorique permettant de modéliser les collisions intermoléculaires. La partie expérimentale porte sur l'étude de la dépendance en température des coeficients d'élargissement et de déplacement collisionnels de raies d'absorption infrarouge d'acétylène autoperturbé ou dilué dans de l'hydrogène, de l'azote ou du xénon. [. . . ] La partie théoriquqe porte sur la modélisation des interarctions ente les molécules mises en présence. Les collisions moléculaires sont décrites par un modèle semiclassique développé par Robert-Bonamy. [. . . ] Finalement, ces deux aspects apportent des informations distinctes mais complémentaires. D'une part, une simulation numérique doit être corroborée par des résultats expérimentaux afin que ses résultats soient validés. D'autre part, un dispositif expérimental est toujours limité de par ses considérations techniques et la modélisation permet alors d'explorer des conditions difficilement accessibles par l'expérience
This work is devoted to the study of gaseous mixtures based on acetylene diluted in others gases. Tow complementary aspects are developed : an experimental study of the spectral parameters of infrared absorption lines and a theoretical study which is able to model the intermolecular collisions. […] The experimental part concerns the study of the temperature dependence of the collisional broading and shift coefficients of infrared absorption lines of self-perturbed acetylene and diluted in hydrogène, nitrogen or xenon. [. . . ] The theoretical part is devoted to the modeling of interactions between surrounding molecules. The intermolecular colisions are described by q semiclassical model developed by Robert-Bonamy. Finally, these tow aspects bring different but complementary informations. In one, a numerical simulation has to be corroborated by experimental results in order to validate its results. In another way, an experimental setup is always limited by its technical characteristics and thus , the modeling allows to explore conditions which are very difficult to access by experiments

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Ramírez, Vázquez Mónica. "Biodeterioro algal en monumentos históricos mayas de la zona tropical húmeda: Palenque, Yaxchilán y Bonampak (Chiapas, México)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96116.

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La mayoría de los monumentos históricos se ven afectados por la acción simultánea de factores ambientales y biológicos. La presente investigación se centra en la caracterización de los biofilms fotosintéticos y los factores abióticos involucrados en el deterioro de las zonas arqueológicas mayas del sureste mexicano (Palenque, Bonampak y Yaxchilán). Los biofilms se desarrollan tanto en la superficie como en el interior del material arqueológico (estuco y mortero). Las condiciones ambientales de la región son elevada irradiancia y humedad, combinada con un periodo de sequía. La distribución de estos biofilms ha sido analizada con varias técnicas de microscopia: Microscopia óptica, Microscopía Confocal (CSLM), Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión (TEM). Se han identificado por taxonomía clásica y biología molecular géneros de cianobacterias y algas: Chroococcidiopsis, Gloeocapsa, Gloeothece, Aphanothece y las especies Asterocapsa divina, Scytonema guyananse, Nostoc cf. commune y Trentepohlia aurea que se encuentran a 1-2 mm por debajo el sustrato y en la superficie. La distribución y composición de los biofilms en los sitios estudiados esta relacionado con las condiciones de cada sitio de muestreo, el tipo de sustrato (estuco y/o mortero) colonizado por los biofilms (bioreceptividad), la intensidad de luz recibida y la humedad relativa ambiental y la que el sustrato pueda retener. En la mayoría de los biofilms están las mismas especies pero en distintas proporciones. Las especies filamentosas S. guyanense y T. aurea dominan en zonas expuestas, mientras que las cianobacterias coloniales están en zonas relativamente protegidas, que coincide con sitios de mayor humedad. Se ha estudiado una especie que está en las tres zonas arqueológicas, N. cf. commune, es una especie que tolera la desecación y tiene varias estrategias fisiológicas que le facilitan la permanencia de cara a los cambios ambientales que se presenten a lo largo del tiempo.

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Unger, Derick Lee Saunders James A. Hames W. "Geochronology and geochemistry of Mid-Miocene Bonanza low-sulfidation epithermal ores of the northern Great Basin, USA." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Geology_and_Geography/Thesis/Unger_Derick_6.pdf.

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Fearer, Todd Matthew. "Relationship of Ruffed Grouse Home Range Size and Movement to Landscape Characteristics in Southwestern Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33489.

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I addressed the effects of landscape characteristics on ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) home range size and movement, and examined grouse selection for specific landscape characteristics and cover types. Grouse home ranges and movement patterns derived from telemetry data gathered from fall 1996 through fall 1998 were overlaid onto a GIS database of Clinch Mtn. Wildlife Management Area, VA. This database was developed from GPS data and LANDSAT thematic mapping imagery (30 m pixel scale) and was composed of 22 cover types. Landscape metrics were calculated using FRAGSTATS/ARC, and multiple regression was used to relate changes in home range size and movement to these metrics. I used Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to compare the values of landscape metrics calculated for each home range to those calculated for the area encompassed by the home range plus a surrounding 300 m buffer. I used Wilcoxon rank-sum tests to compare the values of landscape metrics for the home ranges to the metrics calculated for 50 33 ha random plots. I used compositional analysis to test for preferential use of cover types. I developed 2 regression models (P < 0.01) relating changes in home range size to landscape characteristics, 1 model (P = 0.09) relating the distance between seasonal home range centers to landscape characteristics, and 1 model (P = 0.03) relating average daily movement to landscape characteristics. Grouse home range size increased as patch shape became more irregular and patch size and the number of different cover types per hectare increased, and decreased as the amount of high contrast edge in the landscape increased. The distance between seasonal home range centers increased as Shannon's diversity index and the average distance between patches of similar cover types increased, and decreased as the amount of high contrast edge increased. Average daily movement increased as the average distance between patches of the same cover type increased and as the percent cover of a full (~75%) rhododendron and/or laurel understory within a grouse's home range increased, and decreased as the amount of high contrast edge in a bird's home range increased. Ruffed grouse were selecting areas with high densities of smaller than average patches that were of uniform size and regular shape and contained higher than average amounts of high contrast edge. Areas containing a greater diversity of cover types than what was available in the study area also were preferred. Within these areas, clearcuts and mesic deciduous stands with a rhododendron/laurel understory were the most preferred cover types. Creating and maintaining a landscape with high densities of small patches that are of uniform size and regular (square) shape would provide the highest quality ruffed grouse habitat in this region. Several of these patches should be early successional cover to provide an abundance of high contrast edge. Rhododendron and/or laurel thickets also may be beneficial as supplemental winter cover, and mesic stands of mature hardwoods should be well interspersed with these cover types to provide supplemental food sources.
Master of Science

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39

Chandramohan, Rajeev. "Adaptive critic flight control for a general aviation aircraft: Simulations for the beech bonanza fly-by-wire testbed." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1509.

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An adaptive and reconfigurable flight control system is developed for a general aviation aircraft. The flight control system consisting of two neural networks is developed using a two phase procedure called the pre-training phase and the online training phase. The adaptive critic method used in this thesis was developed by Ferrari and Stengel. In the pre-training phase the architecture and initial weights of the neural network are determined based on linear control. A set of local gains for the linearized model of the plant is obtained at different design points on the velocity v/s altitude envelope using an LQR method. The pre-training phase guarantees that the neural network controller meets the performance specifications of the linear controllers at the design points. Online training uses a dual heuristic adaptive critic architecture that trains the two networks to meet performance specifications in the presence of nonlinearities and control failures. The control system developed is implemented for a three-degree-of-freedom longitudinal aircraft simulation. As observed from the results the adaptive control system meets performance requirements, specified in terms of the damping ratio of the phugoid and short period modes, in the presence of nonlinearities. The neural network controller also compensates for partial elevator and thrust failures. It is also observed that the neural network controller meets the performance specification for large variations in the parameters of the assumed and actual models.
Thesis (M.S)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering
"July 2007."

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Chandramohan, Rajeev Steck James E. "Adaptive critic flight control for a general aviation aircraft: Simulations for the beech bonanza fly-by-wire testbed /." Thesis, A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1509.

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41

Vigerske, Stefan [Verfasser], Werner [Akademischer Betreuer] Römisch, Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Schultz, and Pierre [Akademischer Betreuer] Bonami. "Decomposition in multistage stochastic programming and a constraint integer programming approach to mixed-integer nonlinear programming / Stefan Vigerske. Gutachter: Werner Römisch ; Rüdiger Schultz ; Pierre Bonami." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1033586579/34.

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Montiel, Fernández Juan Pablo. "Fundamentos y límites de la analogía in bonam partem en el derecho penal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7304.

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Una adecuada interpretación del principio de legalidad ofrece buenas razones para admitir la analogía in bonam partem en el Derecho penal aunque de un modo limitado. Incluso cuando el juez mediante ésta excluye o limita el ejercicio del ius puniendi, el aplicador del Derecho penal debe seguir apegado a la ley. De este modo, la analogía in bonam partem debe ser vista como un mecanismo excepcional de integración del Derecho penal frente a inconsistencias axiológicas no previstas ni deseadas por el legislador. Estas excepcionales facultades creadoras reconocidas al juez tienen lugar frente a concretas instituciones jurídico-penales y dentro de un determinado marco argumentativo. En este sentido, la analogía in bonam partem es un medio para crear supralegalmente causas de justificación, causas de exculpación y atenuantes, mientras que no para crear excusas absolutorias. Igualmente, el juez puede crear Derecho solamente a partir de la analogía legis o la analogía institutionis, sin resultar posible acudir a la analogía iuris.
An adequate interpretation of the legality principle offers sound reasons to accept analogy in bonam partem in Criminal Law, though only in a limited way. Even when the judge excludes or limits the ius puniendi through the use of analogy, she should still be strictly subjected to the norm. Therefore the analogy in bonam partem must be seen as an exceptional mechanism of Criminal Law's Integration in the presence of axiological inconsistencies that the Parliament didn't foresee and didn't want. These exceptional law-making powers awarded to the judge refer to specific Criminal law institutions and in a specific argumentative framework. In this sense, analogy in bonam partem is an instrument to supra-legally create justifications, excuses, and mitigating circumstances, but not other types of punishment excluding institutions. In the same manner, the judge can create new Criminal Law only through legis Analogy and institutionis Analogy but not through iuris Analogy.

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Devers, Patrick Kevin. "Population ecology of and the effects of hunting on ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) in the southern and central Appalachians." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26208.

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I investigated ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) population ecology in the southern and central Appalachians as part of the Appalachian Cooperative Grouse Research Project (ACGRP). Several hypotheses have been offered to explain the low abundance of ruffed grouse in the region including inadequate quantity of early-successional forests due to changes in land use, additive harvest mortality, low productivity and recruitment, and nutritional stress. Through the cooperative nature of the ACGRP, researchers tracked >3,000 ruffed grouse between October 1996 and September 2002 and gathered data on reproduction, recruitment, survival, and mortality factors. As part of the ACGRP My objectives were (1) estimate reproductive rates, (2) estimate survival and cause-specific mortality rates, (3) determine if ruffed grouse harvest in the Appalachian region is compensatory, and (4) estimate ruffed grouse finite population growth. Ruffed grouse population dynamics in the Appalachian region differed greatly from the core of ruffed grouse range. In general, ruffed grouse in the Appalachian region had lower productivity and recruitment, but higher survival than reported for populations in the Great Lakes and southern Canada. However, within the southern and central Appalachian region, ruffed grouse population dynamics differed between oak-hickory and mixed-mesophytic forest associations. Productivity and recruitment were lower in oak-hickory forests, but adult survival was higher than in mixed-mesophytic forests. Furthermore, ruffed grouse productivity and recruitment were more strongly related to hard mast (i.e., acorn) production in oak-hickory forests than in mixed-mesophytic forests. The leading cause of ruffed grouse mortality was avian predation (44% of known mortalities). Harvest mortality accounted for only 12% of all known mortalities and appeared to be compensatory. Population models indicate ruffed grouse populations in the Appalachian region are declining, but estimates vary greatly stressing the need for improved understanding of annual productivity and recruitment. We posit ruffed grouse in the Appalachian region exhibit a clinal population structure and changes in life-history strategies due to gradual changes in the quality of food resources, changes in snow fall and accumulation patterns, and predator communities. Recommendations are presented for habitat and harvest management and future research and management needs.
Ph. D.

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44

Zavattini, Beatrice. "La corte rurale nell'Oltrepò mantovano: analisi tipologica e progetto di consolidamento strutturale della stalla-fienile appartenente alla Corte Bonassa a Gonzaga (MN)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Gli eventi sismici che hanno colpito la Pianura Padana, e i territori appartenenti all’Oltrepò mantovano, nella primavera 2012, hanno avuto gravi conseguenze sul patrimonio edilizio caratterizzato in grande parte dalla presenza delle corti rurali. Il sisma ha aumentato lo stato di degrado di tali complessi rurali ma ha anche messo in luce la questione della reale tutela e conservazione del patrimonio storico caratterizzante la campagna padana. Si è quindi studiato, dal punto di vista dell’analisi tipologica, tale patrimonio per individuare le carenze strutturali che, tipicamente, tendono a conferire una minore resistenza alle azioni sismiche, al fine di elaborare delle soluzioni che possano avere una valenza generale, quali linee guida per il recupero consapevole di tale patrimonio. È quindi necessario leggere e affrontare ogni singolo caso-studio sia come caso specifico, nell’ambito dei singoli interventi di recupero da effettuare, sia come elemento tipologico facente parte di un più vasto sistema territoriale, nel trattare le vulnerabilità e il degrado a cui tali strutture rurali sono soggette. Grazie al caso-studio scelto, la stalla-fienile della corte Bonassa, è stato possibile proporre un intervento di recupero e una ipotesi di riuso. Tale intervento, nel rispetto della normativa vigente e dei principi conservativi della teoria del restauro e il più possibile compatibile con le tecniche costruttive e i materiali tradizionali, potrà essere realizzato al fine di ridurre il rischio sismico del manufatto e garantire un prolungamento del ciclo di vita dell’edificio. In tale direzione è auspicabile che tali architetture ottengano – attraverso il progetto architettonico – un nuovo significato agli occhi della comunità che le vive e le osserva quotidianamente. La tutela di questo patrimonio è necessaria per evitare la perdita di memoria di quella cultura rurale e contadina strettamente legata alla storia del territorio e della sua popolazione.

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45

Baker, Robin Masuko. "Study of the chronology and regional character of mineralization in veins of the bonanza area, Saguache County, Colorado, using fluid inclusion microscopy." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406628783.

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46

Lehnen, Alexandra [Verfasser]. "Bakteriologische Aspekte der Balanoposthitis beim Wisent (Bison bonasus) : Erstbeschreibung der Spezies Arcanobacterium bialowiezense und Arcanobacterium bonasi / vorgelegt von Alexandra Lehnen." Berlin : Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2006. http://d-nb.info/979242991/34.

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47

Giroux, Wendy. "Domaines vitaux et habitats d'élevage chez la gélinotte huppée (Bonasa umbellus) dans le domaine de la sapinière à bouleau jaune /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/24054426R.pdf.

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48

Giroux, Wendy. "Domaines vitaux et habitats d'élevage chez la gélinotte huppée (Bonasa umbellus) dans le domaine de la sapinière à bouleau jaune." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1320/1/000122277.pdf.

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49

Werner, Ute [Verfasser], V. [Akademischer Betreuer] Bonacic-Koutecký, J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Michl, and P. [Akademischer Betreuer] Fantucci. "Simulation of nonadiabatic dynamics and time-resolved photoelectron spectra in the frame of time-tependent density functional theory / Ute Werner. Gutachter: V. Bonacic-Koutecký ; J. Michl ; P. Fantucci." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015129986/34.

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50

Larsson, Jobs Karl. "Population Fragmentation and Genetic Variation in Grouse." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Evolution, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6006.

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In this thesis the genetic variation of two grouse species, the Chinese grouse (Bonasa sewersowi) and the Black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) was examined with neutral genetic markers: microsatellites. Habitat fragmentation and isolation leads to structuring among and loss of genetic variation within populations.

The Chinese grouse in a small population in Lianhuasan nature reserve was found to have undergone a population bottleneck and as a result of isolation and possible inbreeding showed genetic impoverishment hereof.

The Black grouse populations in Europe face various different conditions from widely distributed areas of suitable habitat in the northern and eastern parts of its range to highly naturally and anthropogenically fragmented habitat landscapes in the west.

Structure among populations was found in Great Britain where Wales, Scotland and England showed characteristics of three different genetic entities, indicating very little or no geneflow between these populations.

The Dutch population showed signs of loss of genetic variation as to be expected from a population that has historically decreased in population size from several thousands to tens of individuals in a matter of decades. However the possibility to spot signs of a bottleneck was impaired due to the short time-window in which this can be observed in a population with such a low effective population size (N_E).

The sampled populations in Europe clustered into five different groups of genetic identities. The different clusters were: Great Britain-, the Netherlands-, Fenno-Scandian-, Alpine- and lowland German-Austrian populations. The level of genetic variation when compared over all these different populations decreased as a sign of isolation and small N_E. However it was not feasible to separate the impact of these two factors.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bonamia'

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