Journal articles: 'Bolt-on'

1

Made Oka, Gusti, Andreas Triwiyono, and Suprapto Siswosukartoand Ali Awaludin. "Effects of Bolt Distance on Flexural Behavior of Bolt-Laminated Bamboo Beam." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 2 (February 2016): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v6.868.

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Made Oka, Gusti, Andreas Triwiyono, and Suprapto Siswosukartoand Ali Awaludin. "Effects of Bolt Distance on Flexural Behavior of Bolt-Laminated Bamboo Beam." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 2 (February 2016): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v8.868.

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3

Rider, Gavin. "Bolt-on SIMS system." Vacuum 36, no. 10 (October 1986): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207x(86)90527-0.

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4

Tao, Han, Tao Chen, Qin Hua Ren, and Zhen Tao Zhu. "Experimental Study on a Kind of Long Anchor Bolt." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2435.

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To solve the limited use of anchor bolt in some special conditions. A kind of long anchor bolt is come up to replace the normal anchor bolt. Through the experiment on this long anchor bolt with anchor bolt drawing dynamometer and anchor cable drawing dynamometer, we know this long anchor bolt have the same percentage elongation with the normal anchor bolt and can improve the quality of supporting. Compared with the normal anchor bolt, it’s higher in tensile strength and percentage elongation, better quality in supporting, shorter in supporting time and safer.

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Liu, Jin Qiu, Bing Fa Zhang, Yu Zeng Wang, Guang Ya Li, and Jing Ru Han. "Research on Bolt Crack Detection Method Based on Image Processing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.426.

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A method of non-contact detection of bolt fracture have serial steps as follows: First of all the required data is obtained through image acquisition, then through the edge detection, image recognition and other image processing on the image to get the bolt fracture identification results, finally the non-contact measurement bolt fracture is realized. Experiments show that bolt crack detection method based on image processing, compared with the traditional detection methods improve the efficiency of detection and improve the detection accuracy. The method for bolt crack detection is feasible.

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Wang, Wei, Qiang Tang, Xiao Dong Xu, Shui Qing Gong, and Xiao Peng Liu. "Reconstruction of Real Rough Surface Based on Fractal and the Study on Bolt Assemble Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 248 (December 2012): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.248.426.

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Aiming at the importance of the microcosmic topography of connecting surface and bolt assembling technique to the bolt connection performance, the fractal characteristic of bolt joint rough surface is studied based on the power spectrum of its micro surface profile. Fractal models of 2D and 3D rough surfaces are presented by W-M function and the 2D and 3D bolt joint rough surfaces are reconstructed. Imageware and Pro/e are used to build the bolt connecting model based on the real rough surface presented by W-M function. The preload is imitated by the PREST179 element. The finite element transient analysis is used to imitate the speed and force size of the bolt tightening. The relationship model between tighten speed, preload size and connecting performance whose target is contact stress is presented based on the finite element analysis results. According the model, the single bolt precise assembling technique is obtained.

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Wang, Pengpeng, Lan Zhang, and Liquan Wang. "Influence of Temperature on the Bolt Loads and Variation in a Bolted Flange for Subsea Pipeline Connection." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (May 5, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5636941.

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This article proposed an analytic and finite element-combined modelling method for the investigation of temperature effects on bolt loads and variation in a bolted flange for subsea pipeline connection. With this method, the preloads of bolt in the bolted flange assembly were investigated under different medium liquid temperatures in the pipeline. The simulation results illustrate that the deviation of bolt loads can be increased due to the medium liquid temperature increasing. The final bolt load deviation increases along with the increasing of the initial deviation of bolt preloads in a constant medium liquid temperature. The final distribution of bolt loads can be affected by the initial condition of the bolts. When bolt preloads are staggered, the variance of the final bolt loads is minimized; when the bolt preloads are axisymmetric, the final bolt load variance is the maximum.

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Zhang, Xiaoqian, Heng Zhang, and Chengmin Wei. "Numerical Simulation Study on the Influence of Mine Earthquake on the Bolt Stress." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 17, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6364718.

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Mine earthquake, as an underground disaster that occurs frequently, has a great impact on coal mine roadway and support. The stability analysis of the bolt support in roadway under different mine earthquake magnitudes is a key issue to be solved urgently in mining fields. This paper attempted to simulate the occurrence state of mine earthquake with explosive blasting process and verified it with actual coal mine microseismic monitoring data. ANSYS/LSDYNA software was used to analyze the impact of magnitude and location of mine earthquake hypocenter on the stability of bolt support and the dynamic stress characteristics of bolt. The results showed that with the increase in source energy of mine earthquake, the damage location of bolt mainly appears in the front of bolt and the loading position has no obvious change, but there is stress wave superposition effect, which deepens the damage of bolt. The bolts in the middle of the lane and the middle of the roof are greatly affected, so the support strength should be strengthened in these places. In addition, this paper compared the safety factor of bolt and the supporting effect of different schemes from three aspects such as roof subsidence, axial stress of bolt, and safety factor of bolt and then put forward a more economical and effective supporting scheme.

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Liu, Ruiyue, Jiatong Liu, Zhenzhen Wu, Ling Chen, and Jiejun Wang. "A Study on the Influence of Bolt Arrangement Parameters on the Bending Behavior of Timber–Steel Composite (TSC) Beams." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12112013.

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The present paper investigates the impact of bolt distance, bolt diameter, and the number of bolt rows on the bending performance of timber–steel composite (TSC) beams. This study aims to facilitate the application of bolt connections in assembled TSC structures. Composite steel I-beams were designed with timber boards connected in the upper section with bolts. Three-point static bending tests were conducted on nine timber–steel composite beams divided into four groups (L1, L2, L3, and L4) with varying bolt arrangements. The destruction mode, ultimate bearing capacity, ductility coefficient, load–midspan deflection curve, and load–midspan strain curve of each specimen were obtained. In addition, the destruction mechanism, the quantitative relationship between the bolt area ratio and interfacial slip, and the ideal bolt area ratio were identified. It was found that when the midspan deflection of the timber–steel composite beam approached the prescribed limit, the main failure mode can be explained as follows: The top surface of the boards of all the specimens had longitudinal local splitting, except L1, which had fewer bolts and no obvious damage. Moreover, due to compression and because the stress at the lower edge of the I-beam entered the flow amplitude stage, some of the specimens were crushed but were not pulled off. The composite beams had high flexural load capacity and ductility coefficient, and the maximum relative slips of the timber–steel interfaces were in the range of 2–6 mm. It was also found that the maximum slip of the interface and the ductility coefficient decreased steadily as the bolt area ratio increased, while the specimen’s flexural bearing capacity increased. The optimal bolt area ratio was determined to be 8 × 10−3. Using the total bolt area, we designed the arrangement of the bolts on the board. For convenience, multiple bolt variables were converted into one bolt variable. The longitudinal distance of the bolts had a greater impact on the slip, and the bolt diameter had a smaller impact. The theoretical values of total relative slip were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results, which were based on the superposition of the relative slip equations with varying bolt distances. The effective bolt area ratio and the formula of the relative slip of each segment can provide instructions for the arrangement of bolts and the control of the relative slip of intersections in engineering practices.

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10

Xu, Lijun, and Jinglei Tan. "Research On Bolt Bending Analysis Method Based On FEM." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2383, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2383/1/012005.

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In practical engineering, for instance the aerospace aircraft and engine industry, fastener connection is a very common joint structures, the current engineering typical strength analysis for bolt connection structure doesn’t include bolt bending analysis. In the engineering research and design phase, if the bolt connection plate is too thick or it contains shims or spacers that cause the bolt itself to be too long, then bolt bending failure analysis is also necessary. The bolt bending analysis is a complex failure mode, there is no unified analysis method for effective assessment for it. This paper introduces an improved calculation method which is proposed to specifically calculate the bending load of the bolt according to the force characteristics of the bolt for bolt bending analysis.

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11

Gu, Shuan Chen, and Gen Fei Ye. "Experiment on Ultimate Shear Strength Parameters of Bolt Anchored Section." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.218.

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The bolt support is one of the effective support means to stable the surrounding rocks in underground projects. To determine the ultimate shear strength parameter between the surrounding rocks and bolting mass interface would have important project value to the bolt support design. In order to easy and accurately determine the shear strength of the bolting layer in the bolt design, based on elastic-plastic theory, a theoretical model under the bolt pulling function was established. The load transmission function during the bolt function process was derived. The theoretical relationship between the limit shear strength parameter of the bolting layer interface and the bolt pulling test curve was obtain. The shear strength parameter between the resin anchoring agent of the bolt support in mine roadway and the coal rock mass was determined. The results show that with the bolt pulling test curves, the cohesive strength of the bolting layer and the shearing rigidity coefficient of the bolting layer interface could be easily obtained and could provide the references to the bolt support design.

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12

Zhang, Yang, Xuefeng Zhao, Xiaowei Sun, Wensheng Su, and Zhigang Xue. "Bolt loosening detection based on audio classification." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 13 (June 5, 2019): 2882–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219852565.

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As the most widely used coupling structure in electromechanical systems, bolt coupling is the important part in these systems. The reliability and strength of bolted joint are affected by pretension force, which is one of the most important factors to ensure the stability of bolt coupling. The inspection personnel hit the bolt with a hammer and judge the state of the bolt based on the sound. Although this method is very simple, the ability of the human ear to distinguish the knocking sound is poor, it can only distinguish the bolt with larger looseness. So a bolt loosening detection method based on audio classification is presented in this article. First, the hammering sound at different levels of bolt loosening was collected by smartphone. Then, the audio data were extracted to form a dataset. Finally, the support vector machine was used to train and test the dataset, and obtain the bolt loosening quantitative detection. A series of experiments were carried on to verify the accuracy and stability of this method. The results show that this method has high recognition accuracy and strong noise immunity. Therefore, this method can effectively reduce the occurrence of disasters.

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13

Wang, Junqing, Qinggui Cao, Xin Mi, and Dan Li. "Research on safety evaluation of bolt support based on analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021303019.

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To evaluate the safety performance of bolt support scientifically, the factors affecting bolt support are systematically analyzed, the comprehensive evaluation index system is established from four aspects: support parameters, quality of bolt and fittings, construction management and monitoring level, and the safety evaluation model of bolt support is constructed; the AHP and entropy weight method are combined to determine the weight of each index, and the safety evaluation system of bolt support based on AHPentropy weight method is established and its application program is developed. The safety evaluation method and application program proposed in this paper are applied to the safety evaluation of bolt support in a coal mine in Shanxi Province, and the results are in agreement with the actual situation. This article studies the correlation.

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14

Liu, Xue Jun. "Comparative Study on Expansive Soil Steep Slope FRP Materials Bolt Support." Applied Mechanics and Materials 454 (October 2013): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.454.250.

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In the expansive soil steep slope treatment, research and generalize FRP materials anchor bolt instead of steel anchor bolt. Selected appropriate expansive soil slope on the premise of comparability .Made FRP bolt and steel bolt contrast test formulation. The two types of anchor, stress, displacement, crack, ultimate bearing capacity test results contrast were analysed. It is concluded that the total effect of the four aspects of two kinds of bolt support is almost. But from the perspectives of durability, taken together, should change the traditional slope supporting methods, and the FRP bolt faster and more widely used in the expansive soil slope supporting.

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15

Zhang, Yuanchao, Yujing Jiang, Zhi Wang, Qian Yin, and Miao Chen. "Anchorage effect of bolt on en-echelon fractures: A comparison between energy-absorbing bolt and conventional rigid bolt." Engineering Failure Analysis 137 (July 2022): 106256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106256.

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16

Finch, Aureliano Paolo, John Brazier, and Clara Mukuria. "Selecting Bolt-on Dimensions for the EQ-5D: Testing the Impact of Hearing, Sleep, Cognition, Energy, and Relationships on Preferences Using Pairwise Choices." Medical Decision Making 41, no. 1 (November 30, 2020): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x20969686.

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Background Generic preference-based measures (GPBMs) such as the EQ-5D are valid across many conditions, but in some cases, “bolting on” additional dimensions may improve validity. The selection of “bolt-ons” has been based on the psychometric impact of individual dimensions, but preferences provide another important way to select them. This study aims to test the potential of using pairwise choices to inform the selection of bolt-ons for the EQ-5D-5L. Methods General population preferences were collected using an online survey of 1040 UK residents. Three EQ-5D-5L health state pairs were selected based on pairs that had a 50:50 split in respondent preferences from a previous pairwise survey. Participants were presented with pairwise choices of EQ-5D-5L health states without and with bolt-ons of hearing, sleep, cognition, energy, and relationships, each added individually. Logistic models were used to assess the impact of bolt-ons, as well as bolt-ons at different severity levels, on the log odds of responders choosing between health states. Results Preferences varied according to the bolt-ons and their severity level (only levels 1, 3, and 5 were used). Additions of bolt-ons at level 1 generally resulted in nonstatistically significant differences while additions of bolt-ons at level 3 and level 5 produced a negative and statistically significant impact on preferences for the health state with the bolt-on. At level 5, hearing had the largest impact, followed by cognition, relationships, energy, and sleep. At level 3, cognition produced the largest impact, followed by hearing and sleep with similar impacts, energy, and relationships. This ordering offers information for bolt-on selection, with hearing and cognition appearing as the most important. The weight placed on the different health problems is not constant across severity levels between bolt-ons. Conclusions Pairwise choices provide a cost-effective approach of generating information on preferences to support bolt-on selection.

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17

Li, Juan, and Bai Lin Zheng. "Numerical Analysis on Effect of Rock Rheology on Fully-Grounded MFRP Bolt Stress." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.362.

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As to the time effect of prestress in bolt in geotechnical engineering, the stress distribution in fully-grounded MFRP bolt and its trend influenced by rock rheology is obtained by FEM. The Burgers body which is able to model the primary and secondary creep regions of the rock mass is applied to analyze the time effect of prestress in MFRP bolt. The results show that rock rheology has a great effect on MFRP bolt stress.

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18

Yang, Chun Ming, and Sheng Jun Shao. "The Application of Analytical Solution for Critical Anchorage Length on the Bolt of Rock Bolt Crane Girder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.626.

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The anchorage length of the bolt in rock bolt crane girder is obtained by means of rigid limit equilibrium method and the critical the anchorage length of bolt is calculated by analytical solution. Combined with the calculation results, the analysis on the mechanical characteristics is carried on by building the finite element model of rock bolt crane girder with different anchorage length of bolt. The analysis results indicate that the bearing characteristics of rock bolt crane girder are not improved significantly with the increase of anchorage length when the anchorage length of bolt exceeds the engineering critical anchorage length. The existence of critical anchorage length of blot is proved further, and the rationality of analytical solution for critical anchorage length is validated.

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Karlsen, Øyvind, and Hirpa G. Lemu. "Comparative study on loosening of anti-loosening bolt and standard bolt system." Engineering Failure Analysis 140 (October 2022): 106590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106590.

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Wang, Tao, Bohai Tan, Guangtao Lu, Ben Liu, and Dan Yang. "Bolt Pretightening Force Measurement Based on Strain Distribution of Bolt Head Surface." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 33, no. 4 (July 2020): 04020034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0001147.

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21

Sun, Qingchao, Bo Yuan, Xiaokai Mu, and Wei Sun. "Bolt preload measurement based on the acoustoelastic effect using smart piezoelectric bolt." Smart Materials and Structures 28, no. 5 (March 29, 2019): 055005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab06dc.

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Yuan, Si Cong, Xin Guo, Xiao Yu Wang, and Xi Yong Pei. "Finite Element Analysis Based on ANSYS of Bolt of Roof Bolter." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 3042–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.3042.

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The three-dimensional solid models of five different length and shaft diameter anchor of bolt were constructed based on ANSYS software, and making static analysis and modal analysis on it to obtain the stress nephogram and natural frequency of bolt. Research on the stress condition of bolt in static analysis. In modal analysis, researching on the effect regular of the change of length and shaft diameter size on the bolt transverse vibration, the longitudinal and torsional vibration of three natural modes of different frequency, providing a reference for the structure design and reasonable choice of bolt type for corresponding condition.

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23

Li, Zhong Wei. "Impact Toughness Influence on the Bending Properties of Rock Bolt." Applied Mechanics and Materials 664 (October 2014): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.664.94.

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—Abstract: The use of high-strength rock bolt in the underground often occured brittle fracture in the threaded section, this is closely related to bolt material impact toughness. Tested the impact absorbed energy of four manufacturers of the yield strength of 500MPa rock bolt and the impact absorbed energy value ranging from 19J to 165J. Tested bending test of the bolt rod and threaded section that has a different impact absorbed energy, the results showed that: the impact toughness affects the cold bending of the rock bolt thread segment, when the impact absorbed energy value is less than 30J rock bolt thread segment cold bending poor; impact toughness has no obvious affect on the cold bending of rod.

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24

Liu, Zhigao, Shoubao Zhang, Weixiang Meng, and Zhiliu Wang. "Prediction of bolt supporting the controlling influence angle based on a synthetic weight factor." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 27, 2022): e0276536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276536.

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The purpose of a rock bolt is to improve the strength capacity of a jointed rock mass. The strengthened arch controlling area can be formed based on the superposition of the controlling influence range of the bolt with the controlling influence angle of rock bolt playing an important role. However, quantitative research on the influence angle is still rare. In this study, numerical simulations and mathematical analysis are used to study the law of stress field distribution and the controlling influence angle through a single bolt, and the following conclusions can be obtained. (1) The compressive stress field is roughly distributed in an "Apple shape" and in a "conical" spatial distribution. (2) The bolt controlling angle is not a constant 45°, and it is influenced by the rock mass strength and bolt parameters. It decreases with the increasing elastic modulus of the bolt, bolt diameter and bolt length. It also increases with the increasing pretension and rock mass strength. The length has less influence on the supporting range. (3) Based on the experimental results, an optimal analytical model to predict the bolt’s controlling influence angle was developed. The analytical model includes the influences of the rock mass strength and bolt parameters. (4) A comparison between the model predictions with the results from the Dabei Mining 103 face transportation tunnel and the existing results shows the rationale behind the original support design scheme and an improvement over the existing results.

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Woo, Sang-Pyuk, Sun-Hee Kim, Soon-Jong Yoon, and Wonchang Choi. "Effect of Bolt-Hole Clearance on Bolted Connection Behavior for Pultruded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Structural Plastic Members." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8745405.

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Bolt-hole clearance affects the failure mode on the bolted connection system of pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer plastic (PFRP) members. The various geometric parameters, such as the shape and cross-sectional area of the structural members, commonly reported in many references were used to validate the bolt-hole clearance. This study investigates the effects of the bolt-hole clearance in single-bolt connections of PFRP structural members. Single-bolt connection tests were planned using different bolt-hole clearances (e.g., tight-fit and clearances of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm with 0.5 mm intervals) and uniaxial tension is applied on the test specimens. Most of the specimens failed in two sequential failure modes: bearing failure occurred and the shear-out failure followed. Test results on the bolt-hole clearances are compared with results in the previous research.

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Zhou, Chao Yu, Cheng Xin Lin, and Lin Lin Liu. "Study on Fe-Mn-Si Shape Memory Alloy Anti-Loosening Bolt." Advanced Materials Research 900 (February 2014): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.78.

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A new type mechanism of anti-loosening bolt has been developed on the basis of the recovery characteristics of Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy. Based on that, Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy (SMA) anti-loosening bolt was processed, and its loose torque was increased by axial and radial restoring force generated in the process of heating. The anti-loosening experiment of the Fe-Mn-Si SMA bolt matching the common nut shows that the loose torque of pre-strain bolt increases with the increment of temperature, when the temperature is up to 500°C, the loose torque is 3 times than that of common bolt, which fits in with the characteristics of Fe-Mn-Si SMA phase transition; According to the failure criterion of fasteners, 80% decrease of loose torque, the vibration failure time of Fe-Mn-Si SMA bolt is 7 times than common bolt, so its anti-loosening effect is remarkable.

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Li, Xiao Yong. "The Impact of Corrosion on the Mechanical Behavior of Bolt." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.408.

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Corrosion is a negative contributor on the structural integrity of rock bolt and leads to degradation of the mechanical properties of steel rock bolt. Exposure to chloride, seawater, salt and saltwater and deicing chemical environments influences rock bolt and weakens it. In order to evaluate the influence of corrosion and the size of the steel on the mechanical properties of rock bolt, an experimental investigation was conducted on rock bolt whose rebar is 8, 12, 16, and 18 mm diameter, and which were artificially corroded for 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 days. By the simulation corrosion test of loaded and unloaded bolts in Na2SO4 solution, the relation curves of the mechanical performance with the corrosive conditions and the corrosion time are given. The mechanical performance is compared between these two types of bolts. At the same time, the influential trend of the load on the mechanical performance of the corroded bolt is analyzed. The laboratory tests suggest that corrosion duration and rebar size had a significant impact on the strength and ductility degradation of the specimens. after being corroded in Na2SO4 solution, both the ultimate bearing capacity and the maximal tensility of loaded bolt decrease far more than those of unloaded bolt, and the endurance and service life of loaded bolt will also be shortened much more severely. The tensile mechanical properties before and after corrosion indicated progressive variation and drastic drop in their values.

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Zhuang, Fa Kun, Xiao Peng Li, Guo Shan Xie, Jin Shi, and Yian Wang. "Sealing Performance Evaluation for Bolted Flange Joint with Spiral Wound Gasket Based on the Bolt Force." Key Engineering Materials 795 (March 2019): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.795.246.

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Leakage accidents often occur at the bolted flange joints, which are widely used in the petro-chemical plant. This is mainly resulted by the reduction of bolt force during operation. Therefore, bolt force is very important for sealing performance of the joints in service. Based on the leakage rate parameter, the relationship between the bolt force and gasket stress was derived. Moreover, the leakage rate model was established on the basis of bolt force. With this model, the leakage rate can be directly calculated through the bolt force, and the sealing performance can be evaluated. In order to verify this model, corresponding experiments have been performed. It shows that with the internal pressure increasing, the bolt force increases and the gasket stress reduces. There exists a monotonic relationship between the bolt force and gasket stress. The theoretical gasket stress value corresponds well with the experimental value. The calculated leakage rates for the joints also agree well with the experimental value. Then, it is feasible to evaluate the sealing performance for the bolted flange joints based on the bolt force.

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Wang, Yuanyu, Yong Liu, Junyi Wang, Jiachuan Zhang, Xiaojun Zhu, and Zhigang Xu. "Research on Process Planning Method of Aerospace Engine Bolt Tightening Based on Digital Twin." Machines 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10111048.

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Aerospace engine is the source of power for the development of national defense and aerospace. Engine bolt tightening is an important part of the aerospace engine production process. At present, most of the bolt tightening methods of aerospace engines are manual tightening or traditional rigid tightening, which lead to the problem of low efficiency and large engine deformation. This paper proposes a process planning method for bolt tightening of aerospace engine based on digital twin, including flexible tightening mechanism design, tightening sequence optimization, the establishment of the digital twin system of the tightening mechanism, etc. The flexible tightening mechanism is suitable for different types of aerospace engines. Based on bolt tightening sequence optimization, the deformation and stress of the cabin section during the tightening process are reduced. The bolt tightening work is completed in the digital twin system, the real-time communication of physical and digital space synchronizes the operations of them. After tightening, the residual pre-tightening force of bolts are detected based on the ultrasonic method. The results show that the proposed method can solve the problems of low efficiency of aerospace engine bolt tightening and the problem of the cabin’s large deformation. Furthermore, it provides technical reference and theoretical basis for the bolt tightening technology of aerospace engine.

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Li, Ting Chun, Hui Wang, Xue Yang Xing, and Yu Qing Zhang. "Numerical Analysis and Evaluation on Supporting Parameters in Coal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.290.

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At the turn of the last century, bolt supporting of coal roadway had rapidly developed with the applied range of bolt stretching continually. The bolt supporting in roadway has been implemented widely. But until now, there is no reliable theoretical support or appraisal system on the design of bolt supporting roadway and the evaluation of supporting conditions. Supporting effect is tested only by practice and roof-fall accidents take place repeatedly. This paper conducts the research on the bolt supporting parameters in No.315 transportation-up-hill roadway of Nan Ye Coal Mine with numerical analysis method; it is discovered that numerical analysis can be a good way to predict and evaluate roadway supporting effects to be worthy popularizing.

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31

Pan, Qinxue, Shuai Liu, Xiao Li, and Chunguang Xu. "Characteristic Evaluation on Bolt Stress by Ultrasonic Nondestructive Methods." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/134090.

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Based on the acoustoelasticity theory, a certain relationship exists between ultrasonic velocity and stress. By combining shear and longitudinal waves, this paper provides a nondestructive method of evaluating axial stress in a tightened bolt. For measuring the bolt axial stress in different situations, such as under low or high loads, this paper provides guidelines for calculating the stress for a given load factor. Experimental and calculated results were compared for three bolt test samples: an austenitic stainless steel bolt (A2-70) and low-carbon steel 4.8 and 8.8 bolts. On average, the experimental results were in good agreement with those obtained through calculations, thus providing a nondestructive method for bolt stress measurements.

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32

Zhao, Chengxing, Yingming Li, Gang Liu, Dengguo Chen, and Xiangrui Meng. "Research on the Stress Distribution Law of Fully Anchored Bolt and Analysis of Influencing Factors under the Condition of Surrounding Rock Deformation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (October 12, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8818375.

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As the mining depth increases, the deformation of the roadway becomes more difficult to control. As a main supporting structure for maintaining the stability of roadway, the fully anchored bolt is widely used to reinforce deep mine. At the same time, the analysis of the stress distribution law of fully anchored bolt is the basic work to optimize anchor design. Therefore, this paper establishes a fully anchored bolt-surrounding rock interaction model based on the law of surrounding rock deformation and derives the analytical expressions for the axial force and shear stress of the fully anchored bolt during normal support and critical failure. At the same time, the effects of surrounding rock properties, support resistance, and bolt length on the stress distribution of fully anchored bolt are analyzed. The results show that the stress distribution of fully anchored bolt is consistent with the “neutral point” theory and the most important is the fact that the conditions of surrounding rock, the supporting resistance, and the length of bolt affect the actual stress distribution of the fully anchored bolt. It provides a certain theoretical basis for the design and development of anchoring and supporting technology.

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Xi, Xiao Hua, and Shuan Cheng Gu. "Shearing Stress Model of Damage Bolt in Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1761–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1761.

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When bolt is damaged, character of stress is different from character of shear stress integrated bolt. Firstly, Based on the displacement formula of the tunnel surrounding rock，the shear stress and axial force calculation formula of integrated bolt are educed. Subsequence, based on the BOUSSINESG formula of displacement, models on fully grouted bolt shear stress and axial force of uniform rock are educed under pullout load. Consequently, the author deduces shear stress model of bolt damage (completely void of bolt and grouting), combining modes on shear stress and axial force of integrated bolt and shear stress model of bolt under pullout load..

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Kong, Jun, Qiang Li, Yi Yin, Cen Li, and Wei Luo. "Research on the Bolt Positioning System Based on Multieye Vision Industrial Robots." Shock and Vibration 2022 (August 24, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7563199.

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In order to improve the accuracy of bolt positioning for industrial robots, this paper studies the bolt positioning system of industrial robots combined with multieye vision technology. This paper introduces three reconstruction algorithms ART, SIRT, and SART from the perspective of theory and implementation. Moreover, the projection matrix calculated with 0, 1 weighting, length weighting, and linear interpolation weighting is used for three reconstruction algorithms to carry out reconstruction experiments. In addition, this paper combines the actual working conditions of bolt positioning to construct the system of this paper and conducts system simulation research combined with the working conditions of the robot. The research shows that the bolt positioning system based on the multieye vision industrial robot proposed in this paper has a good performance in bolt positioning.

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Chen, Zhong He, Wei Qiang Wang, Ming Zhang, and Ning Ning Dong. "FEM Analyses on Stress and Deformation of a C-Type Expansion Bolt." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 2425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.2425.

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The C-type expansion bolt is a new kind and new structural bolt. It has superior compatibility to the soft rock and the big distorted tunnel. In order to study its stress, deformation and interaction mechanism, large distortion calculations and analyses have been carried out on the bolt by FEM (finite element method), especially with the ANSYS software, based on the updated Lagrangian law. The results show that the maximum stress and deformation of the section and body of the bolt meets the anchoring requirements. The bolt meets the required anchoring performance and anti-drawing performance. The paper provides some basis for its design, application and anchoring stress analysis.

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Hashimura, Shinji, Tomohiro Nutahara, and Kazuki Kamibeppu. "An Influence of Tightening Torque Stored in Tightening Process on Fatigue Strength of Aluminum Bolts." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.229.

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Fatigue strength of bolts has been generally investigated loading only axial cyclic loads on the bolts. However since the bolt is used to be tightened into a internal thread part or a nut, the bolt receives twisting torque due to friction torque between thread torque during tightening. Therefore an influence of the thread torque on the fatigue strength shoud be investigated. In this study, transverse fatigue tests have been conducted because the test can perform the fatigue tests in situations a bolt is tightened. And the transverse fatigue tests loosening the nut slightly to release the thread torque after tightening have been also conducted. Test bolts and nuts were hexagon head bolts M8 and the bolts and the nuts were made of aluminum alloy A5056. The bolt/nut assemblies were lubricated by Molybdenum disulfide grease in the transverse fatigue tests. Results showed that the transverse fatigue strength of bolt/nut assemblies for aluminum alloy bolt decreased by influence of the thread torque. Results also showd that the transverse fatigue strength of bolt/nut assemblies for aluminum alloy bolt could improve 15 % by means of releasing the thread torque.

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Wang, Xiao Cui, and Xin Jiang Luo. "Experimental Studies on Abiochemistry Anchor Bolt." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 1647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1647.

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A kind of abiochemistry anchor bolt was studied by a series of systematic tests. Its anchorage agent is a kind of special cement that cures quickly with the final setting time within 7 min, and compressive strength of the special cement can reach 19.2 MPa within 1h. The glutinous strength between the anchor bolt and the cement reaches 110 kg/cm2, and the glutinous strength between the cement and the rock or coal mass also reaches 47 kg/cm2. Early tensile force of the anchor bolt is high, which amounts to 14 ton after installed 1h. This kind of anchor bolt can be made simply and cheaply, installed conveniently and applied to different engineering problems.

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Zhu, Xun Guo. "Research on the Reinforcement Mechanism of Stretched Rock Bolt and Analyzing of the Impact Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2016–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2016.

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The rock bolt has been widely used as an effective reinforcement in civil and mining engineering for a long time. However, the anchored mechanism of it is not well understood. This paper obtained the expression of the shear stress and axial force of stretched fully grouted rock bolt base on previous working, and detailed analysis the influence parameters of stress distribution. It is considered the anchored effect is influenced by some factors. Augmenting diameter of rock bolt, increasing the pre-stress magnitude and improving the strength of grout may all improve the anchored effect of rock bolt. As the rock character and the grout property are similar, the rock bolt anchored effect is optimal. There is a stress concentrated phenomena at the front of rock bolt. It is shown that the distribution of shear stress and axial force are not even distribution and exponentially attenuated along a fully grouted bolt.

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Zhang, Huibin, Mingwei Wang, Wei Deng, Jianhua Zhao, Jingtao Zhou, Xin Ma, Lu Yao, and Manxian Wang. "Semi-Physical Simulation Optimization Method for Bolt Tightening Process Based on Reinforcement Learning." Machines 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10080637.

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Bolted connections are the main method of connecting the components of an aero-engine low pressure rotor. Due to the influence of the elastic interaction relationship, it is easy to cause uneven distribution of the preload force of the bolt group, although it can meet the stiffness needs; however, it may lead to the deflection of the spatial relative position of the components, which is can easily cause coaxiality overrun. In view of the contradictory problem of optimization between coaxiality and stiffness of rotor assembly, this paper proposes a semi-physical simulation optimization method for the bolt tightening process based on reinforcement learning. Firstly, by studying the elastic interaction mechanism between the bolts, the elastic interaction matrix was established using finite element simulation data. On this basis, a coaxiality prediction model for the bolt tightening process was established using a GRU (gate recurrent unit) network to realize the prediction of coaxiality in the bolt tightening process. Then, through the analysis of the bolt connection stiffness, a stiffness calculation model containing the bolt stiffness, the stiffness of the connected parts, and the contact stiffness of the joint surface in series was constructed to realize the calculation of the stiffness during the bolt tightening process. Finally, with the bolt preload force as the optimization variable, coaxiality and stiffness as the optimization target, and the tightening torque and preload force of the installed bolts in the actual assembly process as the constraints, a semi-physical simulation optimization model of the bolt tightening process was established using reinforcement learning to realize the optimization of the bolt tightening process. Moreover, through the semi-physical simulation optimization method, the bolt tightening process can be installed and adjusted at the same time.

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Li, Ming, Lingbo Yao, Shuoshuo Zhang, Dapeng Wang, Zhiqi He, and Guohua Sun. "Study on bolt head corrosion influence on the clamping force loss of high strength bolt." Engineering Failure Analysis 129 (November 2021): 105660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105660.

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Hong, Xiao, Wang Jiaqi, Zhang Moyan, Liu Guangpeng, and Mahantesh M. Nadakatti. "Frequency spectrum and fatigue analysis of T-bolt fracture in DT III fastener based on Refined Model." Science Progress 103, no. 3 (July 2020): 003685042095013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420950132.

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It is observed that T-bolt fracture of DT III fastener affects the safety of railway operations. The present study is aimed at finding solution to this critical issue of DT III T-bolt fracture. The paper is based on outcomes of field studies and analysis of relationship between bolt installation torque and stress. A refined DT III fastener model is established based on test data and nonlinear contact theory as per the actual size of each component. It is being observed that head-shank joint is a critical area during service. With respect to fatigue and stress, when the installation torque is less than 300 KN-mm, the bolt is prevented from yielding during installation. To a certain extent it also improves the fatigue life of bolt. From the frequency spectrum point of view, the vibration sensitive frequency band (1050–1100 Hz, 1230–1270 Hz) of bolt in service is very close to the main frequency of bolt vibration (1200 Hz). It may cause bolt fracture. In order to avoid resonance, the train operational speed should be strictly controlled between 115 km/h and 120 km/h.

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42

Feng, Yu. "Research on interference fit of high-lock bolts based on finite element simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2228, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2228/1/012026.

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Abstract Firstly, the finite element simulation of high-lock bolt pressing into single-layer plate is carried out based on ABAQUS,and compared with the theoretical calculation results which are derived from the elastic-plastic mechanics.It illustrates that the validity of the finite element model.Finally, the life-death unit technology of ABAQUS is used to analyze and compare the stress state of hole wall, the HST10AG6 high-lock bolt hole is wrongly installed by HST110AG6 high-lock bolt. It is considered that it is appropriate to expand the hole and install the HST10AG8 high-lock bolt.

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Chen, C. N., and W. C. Chang. "Optimal Rock Bolt Installation Design Based on 3D Rock Stress Distribution and Stereography Coupled Analysis." Journal of Mechanics 34, no. 6 (August 22, 2017): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2017.67.

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AbstractThe position determination for rock bolt support design based on rock stress distribution is important in ensuring full mobilization of rock bolt tensions during excavation process. The monitoring of the progressive rock stress variation in magnitude and orientation can play an important role in optimal installation of rock bolt. The aim of this paper is to determine the optimal positions for rock bolt installation by computing the progressive directional variation of rock stresses and plot the stress distribution in a two-dimensional stereographic projection to capture the stress transformation during excavation process. Finally, an algorithm based on stress transformation determination for optimal rock bolt installation is proposed.

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44

Dzakir, La Ode, Made Astawa Rai, and Nuhindro Priagung Widodo. "Analysis of Reinforcement System (Rock Bolt and Shotcrete) Effect on The Pillars Strength in Underground Mining Using Physical Models Testing in Laboratory." Jurnal Geomine 9, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33536/jg.v9i1.801.

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The effects of reinforcement system on pillars were tested in laboratory, using three types of pillars with different strengths. The tests were performed using the UCS machine, to test pillar without reinforcement, pillar with rock bolt reinforcement, pillar with shotcrete reinforcement and pillar with the combination of both rock bolt and shotcrete reinforcement. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) testing aims to determine the effects of the reinforcement system on pillar strength. The results of this study indicate that the reinforcement system on high strength pillars causes a strength increase of 14.93% on pillar with rock bolt reinforcement, 21.45% on pillar with shotcrete reinforcement and 34.67% on pillar with combination of rock bolt and shotcrete reinforcement. On medium strength pillars, reinforcement installation shows a strength increase of 16.27% on pillar with reinforced rock bolt, 19.83% on pillar with reinforced shotcrete and 44.40% on pillar with combination of rock bolt and shotcrete reinforcement. Likewise, on low strength pillars, reinforcement installation causes a strength increase of 13.13% on pillar with reinforced rock bolt, 36.21% on pillar with reinforced shotcrete and 53.85% on pillar with combination of rock bolt and shotcrete reinforcement. The results of laboratory testing and numerical modeling indicate that the increase in strength occurs because the horizontal displacement on the surface of the pillar wall is detained by shotcrete and faceplate on rock bolt, so that the pillar seems to have confining pressure throughout the pillar wall surface, which is called as equivalent confining pressure.

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45

Liu, Bo, Li Huang, and Dong Yang Li. "Analytical Formulation on the Mechanical Behavior of Anchorage Interface for Full-Length Bonded Bolt." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 3254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.3254.

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Based on the local deformation theory, we study the mechanics behavior of anchorage interface of full-length bonded rock bolt by using a mathematics model (tri-linear model). With pull-out load increasing, the changing process of anchorage interface of full-length bonded bolt is divided into three stages in this paper: elastic stage, plastic softening stage and crack slipping stage. It is found that in the state of elastic, axis force decreases rapidly with bolt depth increasing, and when pull-out load is greater than elastic ultimate load, attenuation degree will slow for the occurring of interface plastic softening and crack slipping in the top of bolt. The result indicates that the continuous change of axis force with bolt depth reflects that the bolt interface bond strength changes with the increase of pulling load.

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46

Hyer, M. W., and P. A. Chastain. "Effect of bolt load proportioning on the capacity of multiple-bolt composite joints." Journal of Aircraft 25, no. 2 (February 1988): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.45560.

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Cao, Chen, Jan Nemcik, Naj Aziz, and Ting Ren. "Analytical study of steel bolt profile and its influence on bolt load transfer." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 60 (June 2013): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.12.013.

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48

Tseng, L. W., C. Y. Wu, H. Y. Tsai, C. H. Chung, and W. L. Huang. "The Effect of Bolt Locking Sequences and Anchor Bolt Design on Machine Tool." Universal Journal of Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 5 (September 2020): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujme.2020.080505.

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Zhao, Yu Cheng, Dan Feng Lu, and Yao Chen. "Research to the Influence of Bolt Direction on the Surrounding Rock." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1749.

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Bolt design has an important role to give full play to the effect of bolt support and ensure the roadway safety. Based on numerical simulation by ANSYS software, stress - strain is no longer as the analysis object in the study, but creating the paths mapped equivalent plastic strain to observe the changes in the plastic zone. This paper studies the influence of bolt direction on the surrounding rock, and proposes a reasonable range of support direction to provide a reference for the actual bolt. The result has shown that the large oblique bolt results in the equivalent plastic strain increasing and it is not conducive to control the deformation of the surrounding rock. The best supporting direction is from-30 ° to 30 °.

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Hu, Shengbin, Tianzhong Zhou, Youxin Zhong, Xuebin Ji, Shuangxi Sun, Jing Lin, Rui Zhang, Zhongzheng Wang, Chun Guo, and Hang Lin. "Influence Law of Foundation Pit Excavation on Stress of Surrounding Tunnel Bolt." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 11479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211479.

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Due to the existence of a tunnel next to the foundation pit, the soil surrounding the foundation pit deforms into the foundation pit due to the excavation unloading during the process of foundation pit excavation, which causes the deformation of the tunnel. The supporting structure of the tunnel can ensure the deformation stability of the tunnel, so it is necessary to study the stress of the tunnel bolt supporting structure caused by the excavation of the foundation pit. In this paper, the numerical simulation method was adopted to study the influence of the distance between the foundation pit and tunnel and the width and depth of foundation pit excavation on the stress of the tunnel bolt, and the following results were obtained: (1) When the distance between the tunnel and the foundation pit changes, the axial force of the bolt changes accordingly. The axial force of the left bolt first increases and then decreases, and the largest axial force is located in the middle of the bolt. (2) With the increase in the excavation width of the foundation pit, the stress of the left bolt does not change much. For the left bolt, with the increase in excavation depth, the stress of the left bolt does not increase monotonically but shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When the excavation depth exceeds a certain value, the influence of excavation depth on lateral soil displacement gradually decreases. With the increase in excavation depth, the axial force of the top bolt decreases first and then increases.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bolt-on'

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