Dissertations / Theses: 'Body weight'

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Smith, Bonnie Rohland. "Weight-preoccupied and not-weight-preoccupied college women: a study of body weight and body image." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101154.

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Differences between two groups of 25 college women, a weight-preoccupied group (WP) and a not-weight-preoccupied control group (NWP), were investigated. The groups differed only with respect to scores on the Drive for Thinness subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory; they were matched for age, race, social class, and dissatisfaction with present weight. All subjects: completed questionnaires measuring social self-esteem and tendency to use potentially-dangerous weight-loss methods; were weighed and measured for height; and were photographed in form-fitting clothing. Silhouettes were constructed which were used in body-image tasks: subjects modified their outlines to provide "perceived," "desired," and "ideal" body images. Results revealed no significant group differences with respect to body weight or Body Mass Index. However, there was more variability among WP subjects: all 25 NWP, but only 17 WP, subjects were within 10% of their ideal weight. The WP subjects had experienced a more dramatic weight gain during adolescence. They had a significantly greater tendency to use potentially-dangerous dieting methods and to report a "desired" body image that was extremely thin. On average, the "desired" image was 86.69% of the "actual" image for the WP subjects; it was 93.45% of the actual for the NWP subjects. It is suggested that weight-preoccupation may be due to: a tendency toward overweight, and/or a drastic adolescent weight gain, and/or low body-related self-esteem. It is also suggested that the tendency of WP subjects to use potentially-dangerous dieting methods and to express infeasible weight-loss goals verifies their need for specialized weight-control counseling.
M.S.

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Janmahasatian, Sarayut. "Quantification of lean body weight /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19202.pdf.

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Moore, Jerica L., S. Kyle Travis, Michelle L. Lee, and Michael H. Stone. "Making Weight: Maintaining Body Mass for Weight Class Barbell Athletes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6297.

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Weightlifting and powerlifting are strength and power sports requiring athletes to participate in precompetition weigh-ins. Many athletes attempt to gain a competitive edge over smaller competitors by reducing body mass. Although these methods may seem advantageous, there are many negative outcomes that outweigh potential positive performance effects. Manipulating body mass can be performed effectively with minimal side effects; however, weightlifters and powerlifters participating in 2-hour weigh-ins should not cut weight at the expense of optimizing strength and power adaptations.

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Boon, Niels. "Dietary calcium and body weight regulation." [Maastricht] : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8711.

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Watson, Sinead. "Body weight, body composition and cardiovascular risk : epidemiology and intervention." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603560.

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The internet is a novel medium for delivering behavioural modification weight loss programs and owing to its widespread accessibility it has the potential to treat at the population level. This thesis aimed to evaluate the effects of a unique web-based behaviour change program (WBP) called 'Imperative Health' on weight loss in an overweight/ obese population at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVO) using a randomised controlled trial. In total, 65 participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups for 12 months: the control group (usual care) or the intervention group (WBP). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3-, 6- and 12-months. The primary outcome of this study was between-group change in weight loss at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included between-group change in the following health outcomes: CVD risk factors, health-related quality of life, emotional states and self efficacy. The intervention group achieved a mean weight loss of -4.4 ± 3.5 kg at 3 months; the control group lost -0.54 ± 3.0 kg, overall this accounted for a Significant mean weight difference of -3.66 kg after adjusting for baseline weight between the groups (P <0.001). No treatment effect was observed between the groups in the longer term (12 months). A substantial impact on the majority of the above health outcomes irrespective of weight loss was not observed. Web-based programs for weight loss have the potential to reach large proportions of the population and the ability to promote modest weight loss in the short term. It is difficult, however, to ascertain their long term effectiveness as a result of their associated high attrition and non-usage attrition rates. Solutions are required to enhance engagement levels in the longer term in order to maximise the potential of WBPs for weight management to treat obesity at the population level.

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Tabak, Melanie A. "Weight based stigma the impact of perceived controllability of weight on social support /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1222807014.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 2, 2009). Advisor: Kristin Mickelson. Keywords: social support; stigma; controllability. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-88).

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Adolfsson, Birgitta. "Obesity, life style and society : psychological and psychosocial factors in relation to body weight and body weight changes /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-908-0/.

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Mifsud, Gabrielle. "The freshmen weight gain: Is it more about body composition than weight?" Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27892.

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Objective. The purpose of the study was to examine predictors of change in body weight and composition among freshmen during an academic year. Research methods and procedure. Twenty-nine freshmen, 16 females (58.2+/-10.4 kg; BMI 21.2+/-2.9 kg/m2) and 13 males (74.6+/-11.9 kg; BMI 23.2+/-2.8 kg/m2) completed the study. Body weight and composition (DEXA), waist circumference (WC), energy intake (7-day food diary) and activity-related energy expenditure (accelerometry) were measured in September, December and March. The TFEQ and VO2peak were assessed at baseline. Results. Significant increases in body weight (1.9+/-2.0 kg, P<0.05), BMI (0.6+/-0.7 kg/m2, P<0.05), WC (2.7+/-3.0 cm, P<0.05), % body fat (BF) (3.1+/-2.3%, P<0.01) and fat mass (2.6+/-1.8 kg, P<0.01) were noted in males, especially over the 1 st semester. No significant changes were observed in females. Correlations with females and males pooled together showed that over the academic year, baseline % body fat was associated with changes in weight and %BF ( r=-0.53, P<0.01; r=-0.41, P<0.05, respectively). Baseline %BF predicted 27% (P<0.05) of the change in weight. Baseline alcohol intake was related with changes in WC (r=0.45, P<0.05) and %BF ( r=0.58, P<0.01). It explained 34% (P <0.01) and 17% (P<0.05) of the changes respectively. The change in weight and %BF were also associated with baseline VO2peak (r=0.51, P<0.01; r=0.48, P<0.01; respectively). Dietary restraint also effected the change in % body fat (r=-0.43, P<0.05). Discussion. Males, leaner freshmen, physically fit freshmen experienced greater increases in body weight, adiposity and abdominal fat. The best predictor of change in BF was baseline alcohol intake. Keywords. freshmen, weight gain, body composition, waist circumference, energy balance

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9

Cameron, Kerry. "Regulation of body weight following calorific restriction." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=24710.

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10

Harris, Caroline J. "Assessing children's body shape and weight concern." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/232/.

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Shape and weight over-concern and self-evaluation almost exclusively in these terms is a core feature of eating disorder psychopathology and it is this which is thought to drive weight control behaviours. The literature indicates concerns about weight and shape can be present in children at least as young as eight rears of age. Currently, there is no tool available which measures a child's over-concern with their body shape and weight per se. This study developed an assessment of children's body shape and weight over-concern, using scales measuring shape and weight concern and perceived importance of shape and weight. The properties of the new shape and weight over-concern assessment were examined in relation to children's self-perception and implicit attitudes towards overweight. Participants were 333 Year 5 children (181 boys and 152 girls) from North Yorkshire primary schools, with a mean age of 9 years 7 months. They completed measures of body shape perception, dietary restraint, height and weight accuracy, self-esteem and body shape and weight over-concern. In addition they completed a timed implicit association task which assessed implicit attitudes towards overweight. The new assessment was concluded to have good psychometric properties and to be a reasonable assessment of shape and weight over-concern in children. Children with high shape and weight concern tended to be heavier, less satisfied with their weight and body shape, have lower self-esteem and report increased levels of dietary restraint. High levels of perceived importance of shape and weight also impacted on this latter variable. A general anti-fat bias was indicated from this group of children. Dietary restraint score was a significant predictor of shape and weight over-concern, as was global self-worth (for the boys) and physical appearance (for the girls). No gender differences were found in the assessment of shape and weight over-concern. This study is the first to measure shape and weight over-concern in children and highlights a need of continued research of over-concern in children and adults. This will continue to inform intervention and prevention programmes of eating disorders. Further research into the implicit anti-fat attitudes in children as young as 9 years is also indicated, especially in respect of shape and weight over-concern.

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Gallant, Annette. "Eating behaviours and body weight in adolescents." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27642/27642.pdf.

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Summerbell, Carolyn Dawn. "Feeding patterns and body weight in humans." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329587.

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Al-Hadithy, Nada. "Evaluation of massive weight loss body contouring." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21037.

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Introduction: There is proven therapeutic benefit in bariatric surgery for obese patients. Consequently the National Institute of Clinical Excellence UK has provided referral guidelines for bariatric surgery. Successful bariatric surgery will result in massive weight loss and ptotic skin, which can cause significant functional and psychological problems. As the number of cases of bariatric surgery increases, a corresponding number of massive weight loss patients will require plastic surgery. In this novel field of post massive weight loss surgery there is a lack of understanding of the demographics, physical symptoms and psychological health of this new group of patients. The tools to assess them are few and not validated, the patient pathway is disjointed and there is no consensus on standardised provision. Method: A prospective multicentre, observational study of outcomes in 100 patients undergoing bariatric and post massive weight loss plastic surgery at 2 clinical sites was performed. Each patient followed a standard operating protocol. This included undergoing a semi structured interview, completing five patient-report outcome measures, having anthropometric measurements and clinical photographs taken. Conclusion: This observational study identified key psychosocial themes prevalent in massive weight loss patients, during their weight loss journey. It identified there are no validated patient reported outcome measures available specific to this cohort of patients. This work led to the development of a new validated tool for massive weight loss body contouring.

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Flak, Jonathan N. "Chronic Stress, Neurotransmitter Plasticity, and Body Weight." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321372033.

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15

Edmunds, Cynthia Ekstein. "Diet, body weight patterns and menstrual status of competitive female body builders." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06082009-170852/.

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Davies, Deirdre. "The discourse of weight control and the self." Thesis, Davies, Deirdre (2003) The discourse of weight control and the self. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/35/.

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This thesis offers an exploration of the discourse of weight control and examines how its concepts and goals are incorporated into the way people perceive and understand the self and others. The central focus is an analysis of the nexus between weight control and concerns surrounding 'excess' weight. The analysis reveals the way discourses on the balanced body, the normalised body, the healthy body, the natural body and the transformative body generate varying understandings of the normal, weight-controlled body and overweight body and in turn, how they give rise to different weight watching practices. It shows how the different ways of viewing the body also engender various visualisations of the subjects of weight control. It is argued the discourse of weight control is not put into effect by subjugation but through the generation of a personal desire to be slender and weight-controlled. As such, the central inquiry of the thesis also gives consideration to the impacts which discourses of weight control might have upon individuals in the constitution of self and identity. A sub-theme of the analysis is a consideration of the possibilities people have to engage with the discourse of weight control, in particular those who are considered overweight. Particular attention is paid throughout to the relationship between women and weight control. The findings are predominantly based upon content analysis of a broad range of primary texts including medico-scientific texts, historical material, policy and public health documents, and popular written and audiovisual media. The research is also informed to a less extent by participant observation at two weight loss centres and by semi-structured in-depth interviews with 13 women considered 'overweight' by current standards.

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Davies, Deirdre. "The discourse of weight control and the self." Davies, Deirdre (2003) The discourse of weight control and the self. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/35/.

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This thesis offers an exploration of the discourse of weight control and examines how its concepts and goals are incorporated into the way people perceive and understand the self and others. The central focus is an analysis of the nexus between weight control and concerns surrounding 'excess' weight. The analysis reveals the way discourses on the balanced body, the normalised body, the healthy body, the natural body and the transformative body generate varying understandings of the normal, weight-controlled body and overweight body and in turn, how they give rise to different weight watching practices. It shows how the different ways of viewing the body also engender various visualisations of the subjects of weight control. It is argued the discourse of weight control is not put into effect by subjugation but through the generation of a personal desire to be slender and weight-controlled. As such, the central inquiry of the thesis also gives consideration to the impacts which discourses of weight control might have upon individuals in the constitution of self and identity. A sub-theme of the analysis is a consideration of the possibilities people have to engage with the discourse of weight control, in particular those who are considered overweight. Particular attention is paid throughout to the relationship between women and weight control. The findings are predominantly based upon content analysis of a broad range of primary texts including medico-scientific texts, historical material, policy and public health documents, and popular written and audiovisual media. The research is also informed to a less extent by participant observation at two weight loss centres and by semi-structured in-depth interviews with 13 women considered 'overweight' by current standards.

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Mai, Xiao-Mei. "Asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and body weight in children /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med806s.pdf.

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19

Balasubramanian, Mahendran Ulrich Pamela V. Simmons Karla Peavy. "Weight and body measurement changes In college freshmen." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1920.

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Huxley, Angie Kay 1963. "Estimation of antemortem body weight from the talus." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291472.

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Estimation of antemortem body weight is difficult to ascertain from skeletal material. In this analysis, I examine 49 right tali. T-tests run on right and left tali from the same sample show no significant differences between the two sides. Incorporation of data from various individuals, including both males and females, allows for the statistical assessment obtained through Pearson's correlation coefficient between estimated antemortem body weight and 21 measurements conducted on the surface of the talus. All correlations ranged from R = -.1706 to +.4811, suggesting no strong relationship between estimated antemortem body weight and variables utilized in this analysis. A multiple regression was applied and provided an adjusted R square of +.2150. This suggests the measurements incorporated into the statistical run only accounted for twenty-one percent of the total variance in estimated body weight. The surface anatomy of the talus relates more to an interplay between form and function than to weight-bearing.

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Kwong, Yip-yee. "Body dissatisfaction of adolescent girls in a Hong Kong secondary school." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2243429X.

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Lenz, Katrina R. "The Body Positive: An Intervention Promoting Teenagers' Body Satisfaction While Reducing Weight Stigma." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1458747620.

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Skinner, Holly Connell Lenda Jo Ulrich Pamela V. "The freshman 15 weight change in relation to body image and body measurements /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1437.

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Sanchez, Canon Gina. "The effects of birth weight and accelerated weight on body composition and appetite regulation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/25019.

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The link between early life and development of metabolic disorders and obesity in later life has been the focus of many studies over the past decades. Fetal life and early infancy are two of the most critical periods of physiological and metabolic development and plasticity, and thus, are periods whereby a stimulus can cause long term consequences on the health of an individual (developmental programming). Accelerated weight gain during early life per se or in combination with extreme birth weights (low/high birth weight) have been postulated as factors that can affect the development of individuals with later consequences in health. However, there is not a clear understanding of the specific contribution at different ages to impaired health neither of the mechanisms involved in these alterations. In this thesis, I used an isogenic murine model with natural birth weight variation within a normal range to investigate the effects of extreme birth weights on body composition and appetite regulation at different stages of life. I compared low and high birth weights phenotypes during lactation, at the time of weaning, and a young adulthood as well as early matured age. Mice were challenged to a moderate high fat diet for 12 weeks after weaning in order to assess the effects of both birth weight and a hypercaloric feed on body composition and hypothalamic neural activity. At weaning, adiposity was positively related to birth weight and weight gain but negatively related to growth rate. Low birth weight male mice (LBWm) had a lower plasma glucose concentration but similar levels of insulin to High birth weight male mice (HBWm), indicating a degree of hyperinsulinemia. Low birth weight females (LBWf) were hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic compared to High birth weight females (HBWf). There was an upregulation in the expression of genes related to insulin signaling, adipogenesis/lipid metabolism and thermoregulation in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT) of LBWm mice compared to HBWm mice but the contrary was seen in LBWf mice in respect to their counterpart. LBWm mice caught up in weight with HBWm mice at younger age than the equivalent catch up in female mice. Birth weight and diet impacted body fat patterning and appetite regulation differently in both young males and females. However, at week 51 of age (early matured age), diet seemed to override the effects of birth weight on total body fat. LBWm mice tended to have smaller adipocytes than young and matured HBWm mice, especially when fed a HF diet, and this pattern was independent of fat mass. In conclusion, the current study suggests that extreme birth weights in an isogenic mouse model (within natural birth weight variation), as well as postnatal nutrition influenced growth, glucose / lipid metabolism, body fat patterning and appetite regulation in an age-gender dependent manner.

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Fernström, Anders. "Factors affecting body weight development and eating behaviour in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis treatment /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/search/diss.se.cfm?19980605fern.

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Nordfors, Louise. "Molecular mechanisms of weight regulation in obesity and chronic renal failure with special reference to leptin and uncoupling protein 2 /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4169-6/.

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Håkansson, Ovesjö Marie-Louise. "Leptin targets in the brain regulating body weight : receptors and down-stream mediators of leptin in neurons of the hypothalamus and brainstem /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4178-5/.

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Klink, Tammy. "Evaluation of nurses' perceptions of patients' weight status in relation to their own Body Mass Index (BMI)." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005klinkt.pdf.

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Hilbert, Anja, Sabrina Baldofski, Markus Zenger, Bernd Löwe, and Elmar Brähler. "Weight Bias Internalization Scale." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-148164.

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Objective: Internalizing the pervasive weight bias commonly directed towards individuals with overweight and obesity, cooccurs with increased psychopathology and impaired quality of life. This study sought to establish population norms and psychometric properties of the most widely used self-report questionnaire, the Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), in a representative community sample. Design and Methods: In a survey of the German population, N = 1158 individuals with overweight and obesity were assessed with the WBIS and self-report measures for convergent validation. Results: Item analysis revealed favorable item-total correlation of all but one WBIS item. With this item removed, item homogeneity and internal consistency were excellent. The one-factor structure of the WBIS was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was shown through significant associations with measures of depressive and somatoform symptoms. The WBIS contributed to the explanation of variance in depressive and somatoform symptoms over and above body mass index. Higher WBIS scores were found in women than in men, in individuals with obesity than in individuals with overweight, and in those with lower education or income than those with higher education or income. Sex specific norms were provided. Conclusions: The results showed good psychometric properties of the WBIS after removal of one item. Future research is warranted on further indicators of reliability and validity, for example, retest reliability, sensitivity to change, and prognostic validity.

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Tups, Alexander. "Molecular and neuroendocrine determinants of seasonal body weight regulation." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2006/0063.

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Shaw, Clare Elizabeth. "Diet, body weight and lymphodoema in breast cancer patients." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402098.

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Stuart, Heather N. "The Weight of the Fat Body: Anti-Fat Rhetoric." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1154721566.

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Riedy, Christine Ann. "The association between reproductive function and body weight regulation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9126.

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Crombie, Aaron Patrick. "Weight and body composition change in male freshman students." Tallahassee, Florida : Florida State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06252009-100519/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2009.
Advisor: Jasminka Z. Ilich-Ernst, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed on Nov. 9, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 76 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

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Toedebusch, Brian W. "The effects of exercise training on thigh composition and postprandial lipemia during weight loss and weight regain /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426108.

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Duwyn, Michelle. "Social comparison and body image, the effect of comparison target weight and body size on female body dissatisfaction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/MQ31200.pdf.

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Boyce, Marilynn Audrey. "Effects of body weight and composition on gentamicin volume of distribution." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27801.

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Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that possesses bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Clinically, it is used most often to treat life-threatening infections due to Pseudomonas, Proteus, and the Klebsiella-Enterobacter group. A relationship between gentamicin serum concentrations and clinical response has been demonstrated. Toxicities, notably ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, are also associated with serum concentrations. Gentamicin is given intermittently either intramuscularly or intravenously resulting in peak and trough concentrations. The therapeutic range is defined as peak concentrations between 4-15mg/L (depending in part on the site of infection and the susceptibility of the infecting organism), and trough concentrations less than 2mg/L (to minimize toxicity). Gentamicin distributes into a space similar to the extracellular fluid volume (ECFV). Pathophysiologic changes which alter the extracellular fluid compartment also alter gentamicin volume of distribution (Vd). One intrinsic factor known to alter gentamicin Vd is obesity. Leanness is also thought to alter gentamicin Vd but its effect has not been quantitated. The objectives of this study were to: 1) accurately describe a Vd in "normal" patients, that is, those with no factors known to alter gentamicin volume of distribution; 2) determine if there is a continuous linear relationship between gentamicin volume of distribution (L/kg) and percent body fat; 3) determine if that relationship is associated with changes in ECFV; and 4) develop a formula for predicting Vd in a similar patient population. Twenty patients with no extrinsic factors known to alter gentamicin Vd participated in the study. Five blood samples were drawn around one steady state dose of gentamicin. A one-compartment model was used to calculate Vd. Tritiated water and anthropometric measurements were conducted simultaneously to provide estimates of body composition. Together these values were used to examine the relationship between gentamicin Vd and body composition. We have described a Vd for gentamicin that is larger but no less variable than is currently used to determine initial dosage regimens. This volume may be larger either due to the selection of patients or method of serum gentamicin analysis. This larger volume should be used to calculate empiric dosage regimens for similarly selected patients to decrease the risk of treatment failure. We were not able to describe a linear relationship between percent body fat and gentamicin volume of distribution. We have postulated several reasons as to why this relationship could not be detected; 1) the sample size may not have been large enough, 2) the relationship is not important in patients who are not at extremes of weight, or 3) the variations caused by changes in body composition were not as significant as other factors that may cause fluid alterations in hospitalized patients. There was a strong correlation between gentamicin Vd and total body water noted. Having eliminated all patients in whom the relationship between total body water and ECFV could not be assumed to be normal and constant, we have indirectly demonstrated a strong relationship between ECFV and gentamicin Vd. This relationship still leaves variability in gentamicin's distribution characteristics to be explained. The predictive formula is based on measurements of height, weight, and a larger Vd [L/kg(ideal body weight)] than has previously been used. The predictive formula recommended for clinical use in adults is Vd=0.30L/kg (Dosing Weight). Dosing weight equals ideal body weight (IBW) when actual body weight (ABW) is ≤ IBW, or 0.4(ABW-IBW)+IBW, when ABW is > IBW. The consequences of estimating a larger Vd are that patients empirically would receive larger doses than are currently being administered, thus more patients should obtain therapeutic serum concentrations within the first 24 hours of therapy. This information will be useful in our attempts to optimize gentamicin therapy.
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of
Graduate

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Williams, Daniel Patrick 1964. "Body composition, blood pressure and their tracking in children and adolescents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277028.

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Blood pressure (BP) measurement reliability, year-to-year BP tracking, distinguishing characteristics of upper quintile (UQ) vs lower four quintiles' (LQ) systolic BP (SBP) tracking and the relationships of fat distribution and body composition to SBP were examined in 57 youth. Subjects were measured on two occasions approximately one year apart. Longitudinal measures included auscultatory BPs, height, weight, body circumferences, skeletal widths, bioelectrical impedance and skinfolds. Inter-trial reliability of right/left arm averaged BP (RLBP) exceeded that of either limb alone; tracking magnitude was likewise greater with RLBP. Greater total body mass and fatness as well as larger anthropometric dimensions distinguished UQ from LQ SBP trackers. Fat distribution and SBP were not consistently associated with each other across study years. Irrespective of gender differences, fatness and fat free mass per unit height2 were independently related to within year SBP, yet only initial fatness was independently predictive of future SBP.

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Lee, Chi Shing. "A comparison of body density determinations using residual volume and total lung capacity in underwater weighing technique." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/147.

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Merritt, Deborah Anne. "Body frame measures and perceptions of frame size and weight." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45772.

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The purpose of this research was to examine five methods of determining frame size. In addition, self perception of frame size and of desired weight was compared to two height-weight table recommendations. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine relationships between measurements used as criteria for frame measures and between the five frame measures studied. Agreement of frame size identification was examined by comparing percentages of small, medium and large frame for each method. While the Pearson correlation coefficient of wrist circumference with elbow breadth was greater than 0.5 for both men and women, the correlations between frame measures using wrist circumference criteria and frame measures using elbow breadth criteria were less than 0.5. Self-perceived frame size was not significantly correlated with any of the five frame measures examined or with weight perception variables. Comparison of weight perception with evaluation of measured weight using two height-weight tables indicated men appear to desire to be heavier and women appear to desire to be thinner than weights recommended for height and measured frame size. Results were discussed in relation to findings of other researchers. Recommendations were made concerning the frame measures examined, the relationship of frame size perception to self-evaluation of weight, and the use of height-weight tables in determining weight goals.

Master of Science

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Soldi, Christopher John. "What determines weight loss behaviour and body weight satisfaction in Australia? Evidence from the HILDA survey." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/82371/1/Christopher_Soldi_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis undertakes an empirical investigation to identify factors that influence the decision to undertake weight loss behaviour using the nationally representative HILDA dataset. Although many factors influenced the decision, the findings suggested that body weight satisfaction was the greatest determinant of weight loss dieting. This thesis therefore conducted a further empirical study to analyse the determinants of body weight satisfaction. A rank-hypothesis was found to better predict variation in body weight satisfaction levels than the absolute value of the individual's Body Mass Index (BMI) or the relative-norm hypothesis, which are commonly reported in the literature.

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Olson, KayLoni. "Eating, exercise, and quality of life: The role of body image among adult women attempting weight loss." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1499253043259153.

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Sallit, Jennifer. "Impact of a Cognitive-Behavioral Weight Control Program on Body Weight, Diet Quality, and Smoking Cessation in Weight-Concerned Female Smokers." FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/216.

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Many people use smoking as a weight control mechanism and do not want to quit because they fear weight gain. These weight-concerned smokers tend to be female, are significantly less likely to stop smoking, are less likely to join smoking cessation programs, and will relapse more often than smokers who are not weight-concerned. Research suggests that a woman’s confidence in her ability to control her weight after quitting relates positively with her intention to quit smoking. Likewise, success in smoking cessation has been associated with increased self-efficacy for weight control. It has been shown that success in changing one negative health behavior may trigger success in changing another, causing a synergistic effect. Recently research has focused on interventions for weight-concerned smokers who are ready to quit smoking. The present study investigated the effect of a cognitive based weight control program on self-efficacy for weight control and the effect on smoking behavior for a group of female weight concerned smokers. Two hundred and sixteen subjects who wanted to lose weight but who were not ready to quit smoking were recruited to participate in a 12-week, cognitive-behavioral weight control program consisting of twelve one-hour sessions. Subjects were randomly assigned to either 1) the weight-control program (intervention group), or 2) the control group. Results of this study demonstrated that subjects in the intervention group increased self-efficacy for weight control, which was associated with improved healthy eating index scores, weight loss, increased self-efficacy for quitting smoking, a decrease in number of cigarettes smoked and triggered positive movement in stage of change towards smoking cessation compared to the control subjects. For these subjects, positive changes in self-efficacy for one behavior (weight control) appeared to have a positive effect on their readiness to change another health behavior (smoking cessation). Further study of the psychological variables that influence weight-concerned female smokers’ decisions to initiate changes in these behaviors and their ability to maintain those changes are warranted.

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Greenberg, Stefanie Teri Cochran Sam Victor Altmaier Elizabeth M. "An investigation of body image dissatisfaction among Jewish American females an application of the tripartite influence model /." Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/368.

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Green, Bruce. "Dosing of enoxaparin in obese patients /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16929.pdf.

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Bell, Rhiannon. "Controlling the relationship between body dissatisfaction and weight restriction behaviours /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19226.pdf.

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Saunders, Desiree Gropper Sareen Annora Stepnick. "Weight and body composition changes in first semester college freshmen." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Nutrition_and_Food_Science/Thesis/Saunders_Desiree_21.pdf.

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Anderson, Marissa. "The Effect of a Weight Management Clinic on Body Perception." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1592015.

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While body image disturbances continue to be seen in individuals living in Western society, research has shown that both weight loss and exercise participation can decrease body image disturbance in both men and women. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of a weight management clinic on body perception of obese individuals. Thirty nine participants were a part of a three-month weight management program with caloric restrictive diets and weekly exercise recommendations. The 34-item Multidimensional Body Self Relation Questionnaire, Body Assessment Scale and Social Physique Anxiety Questionnaire were administered at baseline and 12 weeks. All physiological measurements were conducted at baseline and 12 weeks. Based on participant’s weight loss, they were divided into two groups: weight loss and no weight loss. A 2 (baseline, 12 week) X 2 (weight loss achieved, weight loss not achieved) repeated measures ANOVA was conducted with difference between ideal and current body position as the dependent variable to examine the relationship between weight loss and body perception. A 2 (baseline, 12 week) X 2 (weight loss achieved, weight loss not achieved) repeated measures ANOVA with social physique anxiety as the dependent variable was conducted to examine the relationship between weight loss goal achieved and body perception. A 2 (baseline, 12 week) X 2 (weight loss achieved, weight loss not achieved) repeated measures ANOVA with the MBRSQ-AS subscales as the dependent variable was conducted to examine the relationship between weight loss goal achieved and body perception. A Pearson correlation was run to predict weight loss from the MBSRQ-AS subscales, SPA and BAS. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant difference in body perception from baseline to 12 weeks, regardless of weight loss achieved by participants. Additionally, there was no correlation between weight loss and body perception variables.

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Mårtensson, Per. "Cost and weight effective composite design of automotive body structures." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145292.

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The automotive industry stands in front of a great challenge, to decrease its impact on the environment. One important part in succeeding with this is to decrease the structural weight of the body structure and by that the fuel consumption or the required battery power. Carbon fibre composites are by many seen as the only real option when traditional engineering materials are running out of potential for further weight reduction. However, the automotive industry lacks experience working with structural composites and the methods for high volume composite manufacturing are immature. The development of a composite automotive body structure, therefore, needs methods to support and guide the conceptual work to improve the financial and technical results. In this thesis a framework is presented which will provide guidelines for the conceptual phase of the development of an automotive body structure. The framework follows two main paths, one to strive for the ideal material diversity, which also defines an initial partition of the body structure based on the process and material selection. Secondly, a further analysis of the structures are made to evaluate if a more cost and weight efficient solution can be found by a more differential design and by that define the ideal part size. In the case and parameter studies performed, different carbon fibre composite material systems and processes are compared and evaluated. The results show that high performance material system with continuous fibres becomes both more cost and performance effective compared to industrialised discontinuous fibre composites. But also that cycle times, sometimes, are less important than a competitive feedstock cost for a manufacturing process. When further analysing the manufacturing design of the structures it is seen that further partition(s) can become cost effective if the size and complexity is large enough.

QC 20140527

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Pimenta, Filipa. "Menopause and midlife: menopausal symptoms, body weight and well-being." Doctoral thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/1346.

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Dissertação apresentado ao ISPA-Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Psicologia Aplicada: Especialidade Psicologia da Saúde
A menopausa tem sido genericamente definida como um fenómeno bio-médico, tendo como consequência a emergência de sintomas físicos e psicológicos decorrentes da diminuição de estrogénios endógenos. O presente trabalho pretende alargar esta conceptualização da menopausa, contextualizando-a no modelo bio-psico-sócio-cultural, explorando se variáveis pessoais (como a espiritualidade) e contextuais (por exemplo, acontecimentos de vida) podem predizer sintomas reconhecidos como de menopausa. É ainda objectivo deste estudo explorar que variáveis estão associadas ao aumento de peso na transição para a menopausa e na pós-menopausa, e se uma intervenção breve cognitivo-comportamental pode promover a diminuição de peso em mulheres com obesidade e excesso de peso. Finalmente, pretende-se construir um modelo causal de bem-estar subjectivo na meia-idade. Uma amostra comunitária constituída por 1.003 mulheres com idades compreendidas entre os 42 e os 60 anos, recolhida maioritariamente através de estabelecimentos de ensino na área de Lisboa, preencheu um questionário para recolha de informação sócio-demográfica, relacionada com saúde, menopausa e estilo de vida. As participantes responderam ainda a instrumentos validados para averiguar o bem-estar subjectivo, depressão, ansiedade e stress, sintomas de menopausa, percepção de controlo sobre os afrontamentos, espiritualidade, acontecimento de vida e preocupações com a forma corporal. Desta amostra, 17 mulheres com excesso de peso ou obesidade participaram numa intervenção cognitivo-comportamental individual para a perda de peso. Antes da intervenção, imediatamente após e quatro meses depois do seu término, as participantes foram avaliadas em relação a medidas antropométricas, psicológicas e de comportamento alimentar. Os resultados mostram que, tanto os acontecimentos de vida, como a espiritualidade, predizem de forma significativa a gravidade dos sintomas de menopausa. Além destes, também variáveis de estilo de vida, sócio-demográficas e relacionadas com o estado de saúde associam-se de forma significativa a estes sintomas. Dos doze grupos de sintomas de menopausa averiguados (psicológicos e físicos), apenas três são preditos pelo estado de menopausa. Assim, sintomas vasomotores, sexuais e alterações na pele e nos pêlos faciais são os únicos sintomas que parecem decorrer das alterações hormonais. Observou-se ainda que mulheres com uma escolaridade mais baixa, com uma prática de exercício físico mais reduzida, com um problema psicológico auto-relatado, mais preocupadas com a forma corporal e em pós-menopausa apresentavam um ganho de peso maior. A perda de peso após a intervenção mostrou-se estatisticamente significativa, comparando o peso antes da intervenção e quatro meses após a mesma, ficando contudo abaixo dos 5% do peso corporal. Verificou-se ainda que o bem-estar subjectivo na meia-idade é predito pelo humor deprimido, presença de um problema psicológico, espiritualidade, stress, acontecimentos de vida e ainda consumo de café. Esta investigação permite concluir que a maior parte dos sintomas identificados como decorrentes da menopausa são, nesta amostra, determinados por factores não hormonais, sendo a única sintomatologia consequente do estado de menopausa os sintomas sexuais, vasomotores e alterações na pele/pêlos faciais. Tal contribui para uma compreensão da menopausa para além da abordagem medicalizada que tem vigorado na literatura. Adicionalmente, são identificados factores de vulnerabilidade em relação ao aumento de peso e bem-estar na meia-idade, que permitem potenciar mudanças neste âmbito. ---------- ABSTRACT ---------- Menopause has been generically defined as a bio-medical phenomenon, having as consequence the emergence of physical and psychological symptoms, subsequent to the decrease of endogenous estrogens. The present research intends to broaden this conceptualization of menopause, contextualizing it in the bio-psycho-socio-cultural model. Therefore, we will explore if personal (such as spirituality) and contextual variables (for example, life events) can predict symptoms recognized as menopausal ones. It is also the aim of this study to investigate which variables are associated with weight gain in the menopausal transition and post-menopause. Also, it is our objective to explore if a brief cognitive-behavioural intervention can promote a weight decrease in obese and overweight women. Finally, we intend to build a causal model of subjective well-being in midlife. A community sample of 1,003 women, aged between 42 and 60 years, mainly collected in schools and universities in Lisbon, answered a questionnaire to gather socio-demographic, health and menopause-related, and lifestyle information. Moreover, participants filled in validated instruments to assess subjective well-being, depression, anxiety and stress, menopausal symptoms, perceived control over hot flashes, spirituality, life events and body shape concerns. From this sample, 17 overweight and obese women participated in an individual cognitive-behavioural intervention for weight loss. Before the intervention, immediately after and at a 4-month follow-up, participants were assessed regarding anthropometric, psychological and eating behaviour variables. Results show that both life events and spirituality significantly predicted menopausal symptoms’ severity. Besides these two, also lifestyle, socio-demographic and health-related variables were significantly associated with menopausal symptoms. From the twelve sets of menopausal symptoms assessed (psychological and physical), only three were predicted by the menopausal status. Therefore, vasomotor and sexual symptoms, and skin and facial hair changes are the only ones which appear to be a consequence of hormonal changes. Women with less schooling years, less physical activity, the presence of a self-reported psychological problem, more concerned with body shape and in post-menopause, manifested higher weight gain. The weight loss consequent to the cognitive-behavioural intervention was statistically significant, when comparing body weight prior to the intervention and weight at the follow-up; however, the loss was lower than 5% of body weight. Subjective well-being in midlife was predicted by depressive mood, presence of a psychological problem, spirituality, stress, life events and coffee intake. This research allows the conclusion that the majority of symptoms identified as menopausal are, in this sample, determined by non-hormonal factors; the only symptoms consequent to menopausal status are sexual, vasomotor and skin/facial hair changes. This outcome contributes to an understating of menopause beyond the medicalized approach that is common in the literature. Additionally, vulnerability factors for weight modifications and well-being in midlife, which allow the development of changes in this field, were identified.
Programa Operacional Ciência e Inovação (POCI 2010) da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Body weight'

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