Journal articles on the topic 'Boat people – Sri Lanka'
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1
Megarajah, T. "படகுமூலம் புலம்பெயர்வோரின் பயண அனுபவமும் வாழ்வும்." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 5, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v5i1.2698.
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Sri Lankan Tamil’s diaspora’s experience are different. which has appeared from time to time in Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora literature. Uyirvaasam novel of Taamaraichelvi is important in Australia’s Tamil novel history. It is about boat peoples went from Sri Lanka to Australia. They went by the political Situation in Sri Lanka by boat. This is the first novel to be published on this subject. The plight of Sri Lankans Tamil Diaspora is recorded in the novel. It has been written realistically, from Sri Lanka to reaching Australia and experiencing various hardships. It is talk about death while sailing boat, children and women been affected and sent off to Sri Lanka after inquiry. These are presented through analytical, descriptive and historical approaches
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Sharma, Pradip. "The Politics of ‘Bare Life’ in Sharon Bala’s The Boat People: A Biopolitical Perspective." SCHOLARS: Journal of Arts & Humanities 2 (August 31, 2020): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sjah.v2i0.35014.
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Through the biopolitical study, this paper digs out the problems of five hundred survivors who enmeshed in the war torn Sri Lanka and Canadian sovereign power as projected in Sharon Bala’s The Boat People that dramatizes the problems of the immigrants. A large number of Tamil people escape from Sri Lanka to Canada because they were under extortion and duress in their homeland. Unlike their expectation to get a safe haven in Canada, they undergo Ariadne’s thread like unending trial for refugee status. Neither they enjoy rights at home nor abroad, which the novel dramatizes and subscribes Foucauldian biopolitics, which investigates into the effect of politics in human life. Largely in biopolitics, politics imbricates into life. The asylum seekers from Sri Lanka in Canada fall victim of power technology at home and abroad. They are subjugated to endure the hegemony of the regime that reduces them into ‘homo sacer’ whom injustice can be done with impunity and their life into bare life, life without political rights. Like a muselmann figure during the holocaust, they undergo the trial and are kept in between belonging and non-belonging, which is inclusive exclusion. They strand like the persona non grata whose significance as human is outnumbered.
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Missbach, Antje, and Frieda Sinanu. "“The Scum of the Earth”? Foreign People Smugglers and Their Local Counterparts in Indonesia." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 30, no. 4 (December 2011): 57–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341103000403.
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Since 2008, the number of asylum seekers and refugees trying to reach Australia from Indonesia by boat has increased. With many of them hailing from conflict-ridden countries such as Afghanistan, Iraq and Sri Lanka, most entered Indonesia with short-term tourist visas or fraudulent papers or no documents at all. It is widely known that a significant number of these ‘irregular’ migrants pay various types of brokers (often labelled, accurately or otherwise, ‘human smugglers’) at least at one stage – either to enter the country or to escape it. As a non-signatory to the UN Refugee Convention, Indonesia does not permit local integration. While a substantial part of these migrants are detained in the 13 immigration detention centres scattered around the archipelago, many roam freely, looking for opportunities for onward migration. Due to the restrictive border protection arrangements between Australia and Indonesia and a number of bilateral intelligence measures for deterring ‘unwanted’ migrants, human smugglers have been gradually forced to adapt strategies, routes and prices. According to much of the available data, most human smugglers are not Indonesians but foreigners who have been lingering in Indonesia for many years. This article demonstrates, moreover, that these foreigners depend upon local contacts to successfully carry out their risky business. Most often, the Indonesian counterparts are solely facilitators or handymen, but in a number of cases Indonesian authorities have also been involved in this highly lucrative business.
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Wijewantha, Hasitha S. "Liver Disease in Sri Lanka." Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology 7, no. 1 (2017): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1217.
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ABSTRACT Liver disease in Sri Lanka is mainly due to alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In contrast to other South Asian countries, the prevalence of hepatitis B and C is low in Sri Lanka and prevalence of hepatitis A is intermediate. The few reported cases of hepatitis E in Sri Lanka are mainly in people who have traveled to neighboring South Asian countries. Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, drug-induced liver disease, and primary biliary cirrhosis are recognized causes of liver disease in Sri Lanka. Pyogenic and amebic liver abscesses and dengue infection are the other causes of liver disease. Some of the commonly used plants as traditional herbal medicine in Sri Lanka have been shown to have deleterious effects on the liver in animal studies. Considering the high popularity of traditional herbal medicine in the country, it is likely that herbal medicine is an etiological factor for liver disease in Sri Lanka, but no published data are available. Address reprint requests to: Wijewantha HS. Liver Disease in Sri Lanka. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):78-81.
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M. Nazeeruddin and M.Jafarullah Baig. "Sri Lanka’s Economic crisis- An Eye Opener." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i04.001.
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The Island country, Sri Lanka exports largely textiles, garments, rubber, tea, and coconut products and imports consumer goods, especially crude oil, coal and other petroleum products. For the first time in the history of Sri Lanka the worst economic crisis has been witnessed. The present government is grossly responsible for this kind of economic mess in Sri Lanka. People from all walks of life in Sri Lanka are struggling for want of sufficient money, fuel and food. This kind of misgovernance results in cascading effect which paralyses all the crucial and vital sectors of the economy.
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Danvers, K., S. Sivayokan, D. J. Somasundaram, and R. Sivashankar. "Ten months on: qualitative assessment of psychosocial issues in northern Sri Lanka following the tsunami." International Psychiatry 3, no. 3 (July 2006): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004793.
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The tsunami which affected South Asia on 26 December 2004 caused over 41 000 deaths in Sri Lanka, representing 0.2% of the total population, and displaced over 880 000 people from their homes and livelihoods (World Health Organization, 2004). Kilinochchi, Jaffna and Mullativu districts in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka were affected by the tsunami and, as of April 2005, in the whole province, 6200 people had lost their lives, 961 were still missing, 19 618 were still housed in welfare centres and 45 548 were housed with relatives and friends (Government of Sri Lanka, 2005).
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Senadheera, Vindya Vimani, Kavinda Tharani Malwanage, Sithravelayuthan Mayooran, Abdul Majeed Mohomad Rikas, and Agampodi Liyanage Indrajith Prasanna. "People with physical disabilities in Sri Lanka are in need for the service of community physiotherapists." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 3799. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213005.
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Background: Physiotherapists have long been recognized as important providers of services for people with disability. In Sri Lanka the concept of community physiotherapy has not emerged yet. The present study aimed to identify the need for ‘community physiotherapy service’ in Kandy district, Sri Lanka. Methods: A community service projection community based rehabilitation, of three years was conducted by the department of physiotherapy, faculty of allied health sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka in 2017-2019 in collaboration with department of social service and social welfare of Kandy district secretariat, Sri Lanka.Results: One hundred and seventy participants with physical disabilities were included in the study 94 (55.29%) were males (mean age; 33.57 (SD ±23.17) and 76 (44.71%) were females (mean age; 33.14 (SD ±24.98). The pediatric population was 41.76% (N=71) followed by 38.82% of adults (N=66) and 19.41% of elderly patients (N=33) of the total population. The highest number of PWD had pediatric conditions (39.41%), followed by musculoskeletal (31.76%), neurological (15.88%), geriatric (8.82%) and cardio-respiratory (4.12%) conditions. The majority (55.88%) of all the people with disabilities who visited the clinics were in need for further physiotherapy consultation and follow up.Conclusions: In Kandy district of Sri Lanka alone, number of people with physical disabilities who are in need of continuous physiotherapy follow ups is high compared to services already available. Conducting a successful community-based rehabilitation program in Sri Lanka as a whole, require having a specialized health care practitioner to the primary health care team; ‘a community physiotherapist’.
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Jähnichen, Gisa. "The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 6 (December 4, 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.6-7.
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The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.
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Abdul Halik. A. F, Rifka Nusrath. G. M, and S. Umashankar. "Ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka: An analytical study based on Post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1199.
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Sri Lanka is a multi-communal country that consists of four major ethnicities, namely: Sinhalese, Tamils and Muslims.The country has experienced several ethnical conflicts and riots since 1948. As a result, certain literary works in post-colonial Sri Lankan literature deals with war and ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka. On this basis, this study was conducted to analyze the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature in relation to ethnical conflicts in Sri Lanka. This study was an analytical research. In this study, the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s Last Riot” were analyzed to identify how the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature describes nugatory ethnical violence against minorities in Sri Lanka. According to the review and analysis of the literary works such as the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s Last Riot”, several anti-minorities conflicts and riots have been recorded in the Sri Lankan history since 1948. Especially, the 1983 July riot was the massive anti-Tamil violence which was led by the fundamental thugs and mobs with the support of the United National Party government. Based on the analysis of the selected poem and drama, it is obvious that Tamil People lived Colombo, the Capital City of Sri Lanka were brutally killed and their assets and belongings were destroyed over a night following a bomb blast carried out by the Liberation of Tiger Tamil Ealam (LTTE) in the Northern part of Sri Lanka. This riot is primarily concerned with the nugatory anti-minority’s violence in Sri Lanka.
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Anusha, P., T. Pirasayiny, and S. Sivarajasingham. "The Impact of World Food Price on Domestic Inflation: Evidence from Sri Lanka." Business and Economic Research 12, no. 2 (June 19, 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v12i2.19829.
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Food price contributes the largest share in the general price index in developing countries. Food prices have been increasing in Sri Lanka since 2003. The recent growth of global food prices affects the welfare of poor people, consumers and producers. In Sri Lanka large segment of the population spends more than 50 percent of their income on food; this study investigates and assesses how international food price surge affects domestic inflation process in Sri Lanka. The empirical statistical results are derived by using a battery of parametric and non-parametric econometric techniques using monthly data of price series for the period from 2003M1-2020M12. The Johansen’s co-integration analysis results confirm that global food prices and domestic prices are co-integrated therefore Sri Lankan government needs to develop a safety net program for the poor and a poverty reduction strategy. Policy attention needs to shift towards efforts to increase food production in Sri Lanka. The results of the study have various policy implications of monetary policy, food and agriculture policy and trade policy for Sri Lanka.
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Weerasekara, Permani, Chandana Withanachchi, G. Ginigaddara, and Angelika Ploeger. "Nutrition Transition and Traditional Food Cultural Changes in Sri Lanka during Colonization and Post-Colonization." Foods 7, no. 7 (July 13, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods7070111.
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Sri Lanka was a colony of the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. The simplification of Sri Lankan food culture can be seen most clearly today, including how the diet has been changed in the last 400 years since the colonial occupation began. Therefore, greater efforts must be made to uncover the colonial forces that have undermined food security and health in Sri Lanka. Also traditional eating habits, which are associated with countless health benefits, have been gradually replaced by the globalized food system of multinational corporations and hidden hunger, a system inherent in the emergence of non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cholesterol, and kidney disease epidemics, in Sri Lanka. This article discusses factors that have underpinned the dietary change in Sri Lanka from its early colonization to the post-colonization period. The research followed the integrated concept in ethnological and sociological study approaches. The study examined literature and conducted several interviews with field experts and senior people in marginal areas in Sri Lanka. This study examines the Sri Lankan traditional food system and how it changed after the colonial period, including the main changes and their impact on current micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable diseases.
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Premarathna, I. H. K., H. M. Srivastava, Z. A. M. S. Juman, Ali AlArjani, Md Sharif Uddin, and Shib Sankar Sana. "Mathematical modeling approach to predict COVID-19 infected people in Sri Lanka." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 3 (2022): 4672–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022260.
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<abstract> <p>The novel corona virus (COVID-19) has badly affected many countries (more than 180 countries including China) in the world. More than 90% of the global COVID-19 cases are currently outside China. The large, unanticipated number of COVID-19 cases has interrupted the healthcare system in many countries and created shortages for bed space in hospitals. Consequently, better estimation of COVID-19 infected people in Sri Lanka is vital for government to take suitable action. This paper investigates predictions on both the number of the first and the second waves of COVID-19 cases in Sri Lanka. First, to estimate the number of first wave of future COVID-19 cases, we develop a stochastic forecasting model and present a solution technique for the model. Then, another solution method is proposed to the two existing models (SIR model and Logistic growth model) for the prediction on the second wave of COVID-19 cases. Finally, the proposed model and solution approaches are validated by secondary data obtained from the Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. A comparative assessment on actual values of COVID-19 cases shows promising performance of our developed stochastic model and proposed solution techniques. So, our new finding would definitely be benefited to practitioners, academics and decision makers, especially the government of Sri Lanka that deals with such type of decision making.</p> </abstract>
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Ramanayake, Sanika Sulochani, and Chandana Shrinath Wijetunga. "Sri Lanka’s Labour Migration Trends, Remittances and Economic Growth." South Asia Research 38, no. 3_suppl (August 22, 2018): 61S—81S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728018792088.
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Labour migration has significant multiple impacts for Sri Lanka, where migrant remittances have massively increased over time. In the light of changing migrant worker dynamics, including state involvement in virtually exporting people, this article examines various trends of labour migration and then specifically analyses remittance inflows and their economic impacts in Sri Lanka between 1970 and 2015. Our findings confirm the increasing importance of remittances as a source of external financing, with considerable impetus for domestic economic growth, related development policies and gender issues. The conclusions make some suggestions to safeguard future remittance inflows to Sri Lanka.
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de Silva Jayasuriya, Shihan. "A Forgotten Minority: The Afro-Sri Lankans." African and Asian Studies 6, no. 3 (2007): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920907x212213.
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AbstractThis paper seeks to understand why people of African descent in Sri Lanka have a low profile. Drawing attention to cultural retentions and transformations, it examines the process of their assimilation within post-independent Sri Lanka. It argues that the fate of today's Afro-Sri Lankans was shaped during the British era. The prestige of Afro-Sri Lankans rested on their military abilities. Turning to their contemporary status, it appears that their considerable talents as musicians and dancers have not been adequately recognised and nurtured. These internationally marketable assets need to be supported through aid.
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Wickramarachchi, Bimba, Sidiah Siop, and Bilesha Perera. "Physical Activity of Urban- Dwelling Older People in Sri Lanka." Indian Journal of Community Health 32, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i04.018.
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There is a paucity of information on physical activity behaviour of older adults in Sri Lanka. This study determined the physical activity status of urban-dwelling older adults in a district in the country. A cross sectional survey of 880 subjects (aged 60+ years) was conducted using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. The prevalence rates of physically inactive, sufficiently active and highly active were 21.5%, 78.5% and 52.7% respectively. Women were more active than men (Women, 80.9% versus men, 75.5%, p < 0.05). Activity at work accounted for the highest portion of physical activity as reported by the participants [Median = 2400 MET/Week, 95% CI: 240, 4800] followed by active transport [Median =120 MET/Week, 95% CI: 0, 560] and leisure-time activity [Median = 0 MET/Week, 95% CI: 0, 270]. Factors contributing for extensively engaging activity at work need further investigations and older adults should be encouraged to do leisure-time physical activities.
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Amaratunga, H. A., S. B. Adikari, M. R. Ileperuma, G. H. M. D. N. Chandrasekara, M. S. Chandrasekara, and H. J. Suraweera. "Knee joint alignment in the indigenous people of Sri Lanka." Sri Lanka Anatomy Journal 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/slaj.v1i2.33.
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Owens, Alexandra. "Protecting Freedom of and from Religion: Questioning the Law's Ability to Protect Against Unethical Conversions in Sri Lanka." Religion & Human Rights 1, no. 1 (2006): 41–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103206777493401.
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AbstractIn recent years, the issue of improper and unethical conversions has attracted much attention in Sri Lanka. The issue is a highly emotive one, with members of the majority Buddhist population calling for measures to protect their religion from 'threats' from other minority religions, and members of these other religious groups expressing growing feelings of discrimination and unequal treatment. This article examines recent case law in the field of unethical conversions in Sri Lanka. An analysis of the decisions of Sri Lanka's Supreme Court relating to the incorporation of Christian organizations suggests that the legal system in Sri Lanka has struggled in its attempt to secure the right to freedom of religion and the right to manifest a religion for all people. Moreover, it is argued that the law has ultimately fuelled the growing religious tensions across the island. This article questions the law's ability to protect against unethical conversions in Sri Lanka, and therefore seeks to add weight to the calls for a non-legislative approach to the issue in order to allow for respect for the human rights of all concerned.
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Wickramasinghe, Nira. "Sri Lanka in 2008: Waging War for Peace." Asian Survey 49, no. 1 (January 2009): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2009.49.1.59.
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The year 2008 saw a successful military campaign by government security forces against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in the North. Elections to the Eastern Province resulted in a break away faction of the LTTE sharing power with the government. People continued to endure high inflation in the price of essential goods and services, and the country's human rights record remained dismal.
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Wickramasinghe, Nira. "After the War: A New Patriotism in Sri Lanka?" Journal of Asian Studies 68, no. 4 (November 2009): 1045–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911809990738.
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On May 19, 2009, the president of Sri Lanka, Mahinda Rajapaksa, dressed in his traditional white sarong and shirt, solemnly addressed Parliament: “The writ of the state now runs across every inch of our territory … we have completely defeated terrorism.” The same day, photographs of the corpse of the ruthless rebel leader Vellupillai Prabhakaran adorned all of the local newspapers. With his death, the secessionist war was over—this endless war that had pitted the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) against the security forces of the government of Sri Lanka since 1983. It had sunk deep into the psyche of the people of all communities, and its terrible violence had elicited much international attention and reprimand. President Rajapaksa then addressed his citizens in the Tamil language, promising reconciliation and embracing the Tamil-speaking people in his program of recovery for the ravaged North. A “northern spring” would soon come. On the streets of Colombo, there was a feeling of trepidation, while celebrations, some spontaneous and others orchestrated by sycophantic politicians, peppered the capital. The day had been given as a special holiday for the war-weary people to celebrate by eating kiribath (milk rice) and launching (peaceful) rockets, as fireworks are commonly called. People waved the Lion Flag and compared the president to the famous second-century bce Sinhalese hero Dutugemunu, another son of the Ruhuna (Southern Sri Lanka) who succeeded in conquering Anuradhapura from the Tamil king Elara, whom he famously slew with a dart. King Dutugemunu has long been a folk hero in Sri Lanka for uniting the country under a single rule.
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Spencer, Jonathan. "Collective Violence and Everyday Practice in Sri Lanka." Modern Asian Studies 24, no. 3 (July 1990): 603–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00010489.
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In July 1983 communal violence in the southern towns of Sri Lanka left between 300 and 3,000 people dead, nearly all of them members of the minority Tamil population. While such a disturbing manifestation of social pathology would seem to demand a response from concerned social scientists, there are special difficulties in confronting such events. Dominant trends in the historical study of popular disturbance, for example the concern to recover the rationality and dignity of participants in food riots (Thompson 1971), or the current interest in manifestations of ‘resistance’, may look altogether inappropriate in this context. Explanation can all too often look like apologetic, and this may explain why much of the existing writing on communal violence in South Asia deals with virtually everything except the violence itself. One recent study in Sri Lanka, Bruce Kapferer's Legends of People, Myths of State (Kapferer 1988), has recently tackled this question head on, arguing that there is a clear link between collective violence in Sri Lanka and what the author describes as a ‘logic of being in the world’, or ‘ontology’ to be found in everyday Sinhala life. While Kapferer has earned our gratitude for even raising the issue of the connection between collective violence and everyday life, his specific argument, as I shall show below, is based on a limited reading of the available evidence.
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Dissanayake, Nipuni, Athula Withanawasam, and Athambawa Sarjoon. "Achieving Sustainable Development Goals by Adopting the Blue-Green Economic Provisions: An Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges of Sri Lanka." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 3, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2021.3.6.3.
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With the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Sri Lanka has given priority to the SDGs in its main development agenda and attempting to achieve them by working towards the fulfilment of the basic needs and improving the living standards of the people, progressively alleviating poverty, eliminating all forms of discrimination and inequalities and establishing a society based on social justice and human security. In this regard, Sri Lanka has both prospects and obstacles in the achievement of SDGs. This paper has paid attention to explore the available opportunities and challenges in the journey of achieving SDGs by adopting the Blue-Green economic provisions in Sri Lanka. Additionally, it has also been attempted to present some effective recommendations to overcome those impediments since identifying effective solutions is equally important in finding ways to overcome those impediments. Using the existing secondary literature available in the forms of literary books, journal articles and reports, this study has found that it is a timely requirement of the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) to adopt the Blue-Green economic provisions to get back the current unsustainable development of Sri Lanka on the right track and achieve the SDGs by 2030.
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Herath, H. M. K. K. M. B., and W. R. de Mel. "Controlling an Anatomical Robot Hand Using the Brain-Computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5515759.
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More than one billion people face disabilities worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In Sri Lanka, there are thousands of people suffering from a variety of disabilities, especially hand disabilities, due to the civil war in the country. The Ministry of Health of Sri Lanka reports that by 2025, the number of people with disabilities in Sri Lanka will grow by 24.2%. In the field of robotics, new technologies for handicapped people are now being built to make their lives simple and effective. The aim of this research is to develop a 3-finger anatomical robot hand model for handicapped people and control (flexion and extension) the robot hand using motor imagery. Eight EEG electrodes were used to extract EEG signals from the primary motor cortex. Data collection and testing were performed for a period of 42 s timespan. According to the test results, eight EEG electrodes were sufficient to acquire the motor imagery for flexion and extension of finger movements. The overall accuracy of the experiments was found at 89.34% (mean = 22.32) at the 0.894 precision. We also observed that the proposed design provided promising results for the performance of the task (grab, hold, and release activities) of hand-disabled persons.
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V, Gunapalasingam. "Small Deity Worship in Sri Lanka: A Comparative Study Based on Hindu and Buddhist Religious Traditions." International Research Journal of Tamil 3, no. 4 (September 15, 2021): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt21413.
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The People who have not only multi ethnic, multi -religious and multi -languages in Sri Lanka but also, they follow different beliefs and cultural traditions as well. Hindu and Buddhist religious and cultural traditions are very prominent in Sri Lanka. Even though India is the root cause for the prevailing Hindu and Buddhist traditions in Sri Lanka, both the traditions and its worships and beliefs have unique and independent characteristics different from India. Small deity worship comprises of unique and independent characteristics in Sri Lanka. Small Deity worship in Hindu tradition: Kazhippu ritual, temple ritual, Kumara Deiva worship, Vairava worship, Pathini Amman worship, tree worship, Naga thampiran worship and small deity worship in Buddhist tradition: Thovil, Magapirith, katharagama deio, Bahirava, Pathini Deio, Bothi tree, Maga Naga are compared and identified unique and innovative characteristics among them. In this research, historical method, comparative method and descriptive method have been used. Data gathered from field work are considered as primary sources and data gathered from literature, research articles, manuscripts, etc. considered as secondary sources. Knowing origin and background of Hindu and Buddhist religion, identifying characteristics of small deity worship in Hindu and Buddhist tradition in Sri Lanka, discovering unique and innovative characteristics of small deity worship of Hindu and Buddhist traditions and evaluating values revealed by the two traditions are objectives of the research. Research area for this study is Magoya Divisional Secretary and Eravur Pattu Divisional Secretary. The conclusion of the research is that the small deity worships of the above two traditions fulfills psychological needs of the concerned people and small deity worship beliefs and traditions of Hindu and Buddhist religions will continue for long time.
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Stewart, James. "Dairy Fears: Moral Panic around Food Contamination Scandals in Contemporary Sri Lanka." Society and Culture in South Asia 7, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23938617211014638.
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A major food contamination scandal occurred in Sri Lanka in 2013 after it was alleged that Fonterra dairy products contained chemicals known to have a negative effect on human health. This crisis was influenced by unique factors that, I argue, are particular to the social and cultural context of Sri Lanka. In this article, I will be focusing on several such factors: (a) specific considerations about the Sri Lankan dairy industry; (b) the growing influence of the worship of the deity Kiri Amma, a god that is associated uniquely with dairy and dairy production; (c) the common belief that milk possesses a unique transformative and curative property; and (d) prevailing food conspiracies that maintain that external groups are seeking to harm the Sinhalese people by purposefully poisoning confectionary and dairy products. By considering these factors, we can better understand how inter-ethnic and inter-religious tensions can precipitate in Sri Lanka.
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Athapaththu, Kushani Ishara, and Gayani Karunasena. "Framework for sustainable construction practices in Sri Lanka." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 8, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-11-2016-0060.
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Purpose Sustainability in construction is a challenging task for contractors due to diminishing natural resources and increasing energy costs. The purpose of this paper is to identify key issues that affect the adaptation of sustainable construction practices by Sri Lankan contracting organisations and propose a framework for successful adaptation. Design/methodology/approach Eight semi-structured interviews are conducted from three selected case studies to gather data on sustainable construction practices and related issues in contracting organisations in Sri Lanka. The proposed framework is validated and enhanced by interviews conducted with seven industry experts in Sri Lanka and the Persian Gulf region. A cross-case with code-based content analysis is used to analyse the data. Findings Gaps in the legal framework and weak enforcement of prevailing rules, less institutional intervention, less commitment of people especially key stakeholders, wrong perceptions on capital costs, and low levels of education and experience on sustainable construction are identified as key issues, similar to the Persian Gulf region. The proposed framework presents suggestions for successful adaptation of sustainable construction practices in the following eight key areas: legal framework, standards, guidelines or policies, design, procurement, technology, processes and innovations, people and organisational structure, education and training, and measurements and reporting. Research limitations/implications The scope of this research is limited to the data gathered from C1 category construction contractors in Sri Lanka and similar category in the United Arab Emirates of the Persian Gulf region. Originality/value The framework for the enhancement of sustainable construction practices via contracting organisations is proposed as an inaugural step to establishing a country-based and industry-specific model to achieve sustainability in the Sri Lankan construction industry.
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Perera, Nadeeka, Manjula Magamage, Aruna Kumara, Harshana Galahitigama, Kapila Dissanayake, Chandima Wekumbura, Prasad Iddamalgoda, Prasad Iddamalgoda, Chandana Siriwardhana, and Priyantha Yapa. "Fall Armyworm (FAW) Epidemic in Sri Lanka: Ratnapura District Perspectives." International Journal of Entomological Research 7, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 09–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/entomol.007.01.2887.
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A recent outbreak of FAW (Spodoptera frugiperda) caused a substantial yield loss in corn was recorded in Sri Lanka especially from Uva, Eastern and North Central provinces. This was first reported in Sri Lanka in August 2018 and over the last six months, the livelihood of the majority of small-scale farming families was greatly affected. National mobilization of resources, agriculture related institutions together with university academia actively participated with the government campaign of combating the pest and improving the livelihood of affected people all over the country. The effort of this short communication is to describe the magnitude of FAW infestation, its implications in Ratnapura District, Sri Lanka and the contribution of the inter-institutional support towards the sustainable management of the Fall ArmyWorm epidemic in Sri Lanka. Amount of land extent used for corn cultivation in Ratnapura district was estimated as 292.65ha, while 32.95 ha were infected with the pest (11.3%). Highest provincial land extent use for corn in Sri Lanka was Uva province where considerable pest damage has been reported. In Uva, total 42436.7 ha were cultivated in maha season where 30998.3 ha has infected and destroyed (73%). Even though corn was cultivated in lower land extent in Ratnapura, effective and organized disaster management response in Ratnapura was able to minimize the pest impact to 11.3% from total losses.
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Campaign For Social Democracy. "Sri Lanka: the choice of two terrors." Race & Class 30, no. 3 (January 1989): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639688903000306.
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While a stalemate in the predominantly Tamil North and East of Sri Lanka continues despite Indian intervention on the government's behalf, in the Sinhala South death squads associated with the pseudo People's Liberation Front, the JVP, have been ruthlessly eliminating its opponents. The United National Party (UNP) and the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), having created and nurtured popular racism for over thirty years in order to get into power (through a ready-made Sinhalese majority of 70 per cent of the population), * would now like to draw back from the brink of another crippling civil war, this time in the South. But they are unable to do so because the JVP has taken up the Sinhala cause and pushed it to the point of social fascism through assassination and murder. Popular racism based on Sinhala-Buddhist nationalism promoted in the schools and expressed in song, textbook and media served to fuel the anti-Tamil pogroms of 1958, 1977, 1981 and 1983, in which thousands were killed at the hands of street mobs. Some of the most violently anti- Tamil propaganda (deriving inspiration from mythical Sinhalese history) has emanated from the present government. Colonisation of Tamil areas by Sinhalese was justified on the pretext of protecting ancient Buddhist shrines. And it is an open secret that ministers hired their own hit squads in the 1983 pogrom. When, in a bid to end the unwinnable war with the Tamils, the UNP signed the Indo-Lanka Accord in 1987, allowing Indian troops to operate on Sri Lankan soil, it alienated the very Sinhala nationalists it had itself fostered. And it was the JVP which capitalised on the resentment over India's interference in Sri Lanka's internal affairs. Accusing the UNP government (and other supporters of the Accord) of treachery, it enlarged and deepened popular racism into fanatical patriotism. But what has given the JVP terror tactics a hold over the population has been the steady erosion of democratic freedoms, on the one hand, and the self-abasement of the Left, on the other. Both the SLFP and UNP governments have postponed elections to stay in power, but the UNP went further and got itself re-elected en bloc on a phoney referendum to postpone elections. Local elections were never held under the SLFP and whatever elections took place under the UNP have either been rigged and/or carried out under conditions of massive intimidation. In the process, the political literacy that the country once boasted has been lost to the people and, with it, their will to resist. At the same time the collaborationist politics of the Left in the SLFP government of 1970-77 have not only served to decimate its own chances at the polls (it obtained not a single seat in the election of 1977) but also to leave the working-class movement defenceless. So that it was a simple matter for the UNP government to crush the general strike of 1980, imprison its leaders and throw 80, 000 workers permanently out of work. And it has been left to the JVP to pretend to take up the socialist mantle of the Left even as it devotes itself to the racist cause of the Right, and so win the support of the Sinhala-Buddhist people. In the final analysis the choice before the country is that of two terrors: that of the state or that of the JVP. Below we publish an analysis of the situation as at October 1988, put out by the underground Campaign for Social Democracy in the run up to the presidential elections.
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Rogers, John D. "The 1866 Grain Riots in Sri Lanka." Comparative Studies in Society and History 29, no. 3 (July 1987): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500014699.
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Until fairly recently, grain riots were viewed as spontaneous reactions of the poor to hunger, not worthy of detailed analysis. Over the past twenty years, partially as a result of pioneering studies by George Rudé and Edward Thompson with reference to France and Britain, a considerable body of scholarly writing about these disturbances has appeared. Consistent cross-cultural patterns have emerged from this research. Grain riots were not necessarily a product of hunger, although they were a facet of struggles over the control of food. They have normally taken one of two forms. One was the market riot, where the crowd protested against the price or lack of availability of grain. Such disturbances often commenced with the offer to buy grain at a “just” or “customary” price. If this demand was not met, more drastic action was taken. Sometimes rioters seized grain and sold it to the crowd for a just price, and then turned the receipts over to the owners of the grain. More often grain was strewn about, destroyed, or stolen. The second main form of grain riot was the blockade. In times of shortage, people prevented the export of grain from a town or district because they believed that merchants and landlords should not benefit from scarcity and that such exports would drive up the price locally. Sometimes retributive action accompanied or followed both types of protest, meting out punishment to traders, landlords, or others who were perceived as wrongly profiting from food shortages. Such action usually took the form of wholesale looting. In general, grain rioters avoided serious violence.
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Ayoob, S. M. "Pious Life of Elderly People in Ampara District of Sri Lanka." Journal of Politics and Law 12, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v12n4p145.
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Religion has continued to occupy a very important part in human life from time immemorial. Almost all the followers of the various religions have belief in the existence of God. It helps humankind to find solace in God while religious instructions assist them to guide their lives in the right way without being tempted to engage in sinful activities. The followers of religion are mostly the elderly people rather than the younger generation in many societies. Elders’ more extensive life experience, education and worldly wisdom enable them to lead a more pious life than the youngsters, who still have much to learn. The elders try to set an example to the youngsters in order to persuade them also to be religious. The aim of the study is to find out the roles the elders play when engaging in religious activities during the ageing period and to explore the reasons for the high level of piousness among them. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods such as questionnaire survey, interviews and focus group discussions were employed as data collection techniques. The findings indicate that listening to religious sermons, participating in religious celebrations, performing administrative and leadership roles, doing social work, going on spiritual journeys and visiting the sick and praying for them are the notable religious activities undertaken by the elderly people. Being very pious can lead to religious experiences, prevent feelings of isolation and loneliness, provide opportunities for social interaction, grant peace of mind, help pass the time, increase the physical strength and improve mental health by reducing anxiety and aimless behaviour. These are some of the major reasons for the high level of piousness observed among the elderly people who were the subjects of this study.
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Mampearachchi, W. K., and S. Suman. "Usability of Public Transport for Differently abled People in Sri Lanka." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 47, no. 2 (April 20, 2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v47i2.6867.
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Wickramasinghe, Vathsala, and Chandana Karunaratne. "People management in mergers and acquisitions in Sri Lanka: employee perceptions." International Journal of Human Resource Management 20, no. 3 (March 2009): 694–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585190802707508.
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de Silva, Sunila, and Krithika Srinivasan. "Revisiting social natures: People-elephant conflict and coexistence in Sri Lanka." Geoforum 102 (June 2019): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.04.004.
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Askman, Johan, Olof Nilsson, and Per Becker. "Why People Live in Flood-Prone Areas in Akuressa, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 9, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-018-0167-8.
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Munasinghe, T., L. F. Campbell, J. Harary, N. L. Sloan, and R. Texley. "Identification of Blind and Visually Impaired Persons in Sri Lanka." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 82, no. 9 (November 1988): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x8808200910.
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A study using three techniques to identify blind and visually impaired people was conducted by Helen Keller International in Sri Lanka during February and March of 1987. These techniques are compared to the validating supervisor identification of people who are blind or have low vision. The alternative identification methods evaluated were: 1) utilizing key informants from the surveyed communities; 2) utilizing students from local schools; and 3) conducting a house-to-house survey in study villages. The ability to correctly determine those truly blind or with low vision and the comparative cost of each method were also evaluated.
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Deyshappriya, N. P. Ravindra. "An Empirical Analysis on Food Insecurity in Sri Lanka." Empirical Economic Review 2, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145/eer/22/020105.
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This study examines incidence of food insecurity in Sri Lanka along with its household determinants. The study found that 41.9% of Sri Lankan households are food insecure while 59% of households in Colombo district where the highest food insecurity is reported, are below the Minimum Dietary Energy Requirement(MDER). Food insecurity in urban sector is significantly higher than the rest of the country, as urban people mainly consume prepared and instant foods. The deep classification of food insecurity observed that 1.9% of households are extremely food insecure while 42.2% are vulnerable to food insecure. Furthermore, the impact of growth on reduction in food insecurity is significantly low, despite growth remarkably reduces poverty. The econometric analysis confirms that higherassets level, being a male-headed household, higher level of education, employed in government, semi-government sectors and being a self –employer and having agricultural lands significantly reduce the probabilities of falling into extremelyand moderately food insecure. Therefore, the study recommends ensuring better employment opportunities, higher educational attainments along with safety nets for vulnerable groups such as female-headed households in order to achieve food security. Furthermore, urban-based food insecurity should be addressed by encouraging urban people to have energy rich staples rather than relying on prepared foods.
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Weerakkody, Iranga Samindani. "The Maraa-Ipaddima Ritual Drama in Sri Lanka." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 9 (June 27, 2022): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.9-5.
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This article aims to study the ethnomusicological characteristics/expressions of a ritual drama in Sri Lanka that has lacked comprehensive research conducted about it so far; the Maraa-Ipaddima (Killing and Resurrection) ritual drama. This ritual drama is performed in reverence to the Goddess Pattini, who holds a special place in Sri Lankan culture and society for personal and social well-being such as fertility, health, and protection. The study employs a qualitative research method using both primary and secondary sources. The data has been collected through field observations, structured and semi-structured interviews, case study analysis, and literature reviewing. Study outcomes show that the ethnomusicological aspects of the ritual drama are expressed through kavi (poetic verses) sung while performing drama, traditional musical instruments, costumes, dance, and harmony. The study helped to understand the ethnomusicological expression of ritual drama performed, and it is also evident that the musical expressions performed in the ritual drama also work as a treatment in the collective healing of people (catharsis).
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J, Sudarvizhi. "The Life of the Dalit People Reflected in Pudhumaipithan's "Thunpakkeni"." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-10 (August 12, 2022): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s1025.
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At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, the farmers of Tamil Nadu, affected by the wrong agricultural policies of the British, migrated to different places for their livelihood. The tea plantations of Sri Lanka, the rubber plantations of Burma, and the sugarcane plantations of Fiji, created by the British, lured them in like the gates of heaven. Various pieces of literature have recorded the sufferings and hardships of the people who went to live in these areas. Among the records, the work that received the most attention was the writer's "Thunpakkeni." In this short story, the writer documents the painful life faced by economically and caste-oppressed people who travel to the tea plantations of upland Sri Lanka. This article seeks to learn about the lives of Dalits at the time through a story written by the innovator and published in Manikodi magazine from March 1935 to April 1935.
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Prasanga, AP Amila, and Aruna S. Gamage. "Job Satisfaction and Job Performance of the Sailors in Rapid Action Boat Squadron of Sri Lanka Navy." Sri Lankan Journal of Human Resource Management 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljhrm.v3i1.5097.
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Wickramage, K., and A. Zwi. "(P1-109) Violence, Health and Human Rights: Analysis of the Right to Health for Conflict Displaced Persons Living In IDP Camps in Northern Sri Lanka." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004420.
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This presentation explores the nexus between collective violence (in the form of violent civil conflict) and health and human rights in Sri Lanka, focusing specifically on persons displaced during the most recent conflict in Northern Sri Lanka beginning in November 2008. After exploring the normative framework in relation to the right to health, the local legal framework governing internal displacement, and the related component on healthcare access, service provision, and standards will be described. By examining health cluster reports, health surveys, and case-studies, this presentation describes how the health sector responded in providing healthcare services to those war displaced living in internally displaced people (IDP) camps in Vavuniya District. The “rights based approach to health” is examined in relation to the health sector response, and key issues and challenges in meeting health protection needs are highlighted. A conceptual framework on the right to health for IDPs in Northern Sri Lanka is presented. This presentation also explores how some health interventions in the post-conflict Sri Lankan context may have acted as a bridge for peace building and reconciliation.
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Kumara, Jeewaka Saman. "Non-traditional Security Disputes of Sri Lanka." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss3.323.
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From the 1970s onwards, social constructivists criticized the intense narrowing of the field of security studies imposed by the military and nuclear obsessions of the Cold War. Further, they argued that these traditional issues have not disappeared, but that other, non-military sources of threat now seemed more pressing. Hence, the nature and magnitude of security within the states should be considered from different angles such as economic security, food security, health security, environmental security, personal security, community security and political security. In the context of small states, the issue of security has multiple dimensions in the complexities of the state. Apart from the traditional aspect of security threats of small states, the non-traditional aspect is very important to identify the security threats of small states. One of the most important aspects of non-traditional security thus, is that people should be able to live in a society that honours their political security. In this broader context this study makes an effort to answer whether the political security of Sri Lanka is being challenged in the context of power political paradigm. Further the research problem has been answered by using standard research tool including descriptive and analytical methods and also the research involves both qualitative and quantitative methods. As a developing small state, Sri Lanka is an electoral democracy. The 1978 constitution vested strong executive powers in the president, who is directly elected for a six-year term and can dissolve Parliament. The prime minister heads the leading party in Parliament but otherwise has limited powers. The 225-member unicameral legislature is elected for a six-year term through a mixed proportional-representation system. Elections are open to multiple parties, and fair electoral laws and equal campaigning opportunities ensure a competitive political process. Despite the war’s completion and an improvement in security throughout Sri Lanka, the situation of political security remained grim. Some observers’ charge that centralizes approach of the ruling party of the Government of Sri Lanka has led to a lack of protection of political security. In this broader context, there is an argument that the situation of political security of Sri Lankan remains grim.
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Razick, Ahamed Sarjoon, Mohamed Anifa Mohamed Fowsar, and Abdul Kalik Mihilar. "Factors Affecting Ethnic Harmony between Sinhalese and Muslim Communities in Post-war Sri Lanka: A Study Based on South Eastern University of Sri Lanka." Journal of Politics and Law 13, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v13n4p1.
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Sri Lanka is home to multi-cultural communities. It is the responsibility of the people across various religions, and communities to develop and maintain harmony with each other. Historically, the Sri Lankan Muslims and Sinhala Buddhists had an excellent relationship. Recently, the ethnic harmony between these two communities has been strained reflecting the fault lines running in a current social structure which lead to ethnic tensions, social animosities, restlessness, and disharmony among communities, amidst diverging political ideologies. Hence, this study focuses on identifying the root causes that wreck the harmony and social stability of the country. Hundred and fifty students from the South Eastern University of Sri Lanka were randomly selected to respond for a structured questionnaire, and fifteen formal interviews with students were also conducted to validate the questionnaire data. The secondary data were collected from various sources of information. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and basic statistical analytic techniques, and findings of the study were presented in the form of table and text. This study underlines the array of reasons, and root causes that prevent the harmony among Sinhala Buddhists and Muslim communities, such as ethnic differences, spreading hatred via social media, extremism that uses religion to forward their extremist ideologies. This study concludes with the argument that the government and people who strive for social harmony should act with commitment and dedication in the efforts to build harmony among religious communities in post-war Sri Lanka.
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Tennakoon, Nipunika, and Tikiri K. Jayathilake. "Policy and Legislation Evaluation and Scrutiny by Parliament of Sri Lanka." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v5i2.13603.
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Sri Lanka is a democratic socialist republic with a unicameral legislature, in which sovereignty is in the People which includes the powers of the government, fundamental rights, and franchise. The sovereignty of the people is exercised and enjoyed separately by the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary as articulated by the Constitutional provisions. In this process, the timely and in-depth evaluation of policies and legislations are important, to ensure accountability by any stakeholder institution towards the People of the country. In Parliament's perspective, this task is covered by the oversight role which is one of the main roles of Parliament.
This paper aims at discussing the mechanisms that the Parliament of Sri Lanka has employed, in exercising those powers of the People and the paper discusses the methodologies that the Parliament uses in policy evaluation as well as in ensuring legislative scrutiny, especially through the Parliamentary Committee System. The paper analyses the outcome of those mechanisms in upholding and protecting the rights of the citizen. The paper identifies the achievements as well as challenges and analyzes the use of new concepts and methodologies in improving the service rendered to the citizen by Parliament and suggests ways in which any such gaps could be filled. The study of the paper focuses on the 8th Parliament which covered the duration from the year 2015 to 2020 and the 9th Parliament, which is the present Parliament, with regard to the area of interest.
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Eddleston, Michael, David Gunnell, Ayanthi Karunaratne, Dhammika De Silva, M. H. Rezvi Sheriff, and Nick A. Buckley. "Epidemiology of intentional self-poisoning in rural Sri Lanka." British Journal of Psychiatry 187, no. 6 (December 2005): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.187.6.583.
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SummaryWe investigated the epidemiology of intentional self-poisoning in rural Sri Lanka by prospectively recording 2189 admissions to two secondary hospitals. Many patients were young (median age 25 years), male (57%) and used pesticides (49%). Of the 198 who died, 156 were men (case fatality 12.4%) and 42 were women (4.5%). Over half of female deaths were in those under 25 years old; male deaths were spread more evenly across age groups. Oleander and paraquat caused 74% of deaths in people under 25 years old; thereafter organophosphorous pesticides caused many deaths. Although the age pattern of self-poisoning was similar to that of industrialised countries, case fatality was more than 15 times higher and the pattern of fatal self-poisoning different.
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Hewapathirana, Sajitha Lakmali, and R. I. Batuwangala. "Oriental Cultural Values Depicted in Advertising; with Special Reference to Sri Lankan Context." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 10, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v10i1.p162-166.
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Since the terrorist menace that affected the country for over 30 years was eradicated, Sri Lanka entered into an era of rapid social and economic development. In this process, mass media can play a significance role. Therefore a need arises to study the role of Advertising media in the sphere of cultural development. The nature and development of the Sri Lankan advertising culture mostly depends on the form of oriental cultural values. Cultural dimension is an essential factor for understanding advertising environments. It can be defined as a learned system of knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, beliefs and norms, which are shared among a group of people from various nations or cultures. Sufficient emphasis has not yet been paid on the advertising culture, which is a significant component in the concept development and cultural processes of Sri Lanka. The advertising in oriental cultural values settings remains a relatively unexplored area of research across all disciplines, even that of media communications study. Therefore, the authors of this paper attempt to fill this lacuna. This study examines the effect of oriental cultural values for advertising culture in Sri Lanka. This research aims to foster cultivation of Sri Lankan cultural values through the concept development of advertising.
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Lakmali Hewapathirana, Sajitha, and R. I. Batuwangala. "Oriental Cultural Values Depicted in Advertising; with Special Reference to Sri Lankan Context." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejes-2018-0016.
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Abstract Since the terrorist menace that affected the country for over 30 years was eradicated, Sri Lanka entered into an era of rapid social and economic development. In this process, mass media can play a significance role. Therefore a need arises to study the role of Advertising media in the sphere of cultural development. The nature and development of the Sri Lankan advertising culture mostly depends on the form of oriental cultural values. Cultural dimension is an essential factor for understanding advertising environments. It can be defined as a learned system of knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, beliefs and norms, which are shared among a group of people from various nations or cultures. Sufficient emphasis has not yet been paid on the advertising culture, which is a significant component in the concept development and cultural processes of Sri Lanka. The advertising in oriental cultural values settings remains a relatively unexplored area of research across all disciplines, even that of media communications study. Therefore, the authors of this paper attempt to fill this lacuna. This study examines the effect of oriental cultural values for advertising culture in Sri Lanka. This research aims to foster cultivation of Sri Lankan cultural values through the concept development of advertising.
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Errebo, Nancy, James Knipe, Karen Forte, Victoria Karlin, and Benek Altayli. "EMDR-HAP Training in Sri Lanka Following the 2004 Tsunami." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 2, no. 2 (June 2008): 124–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.124.
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On December 26, 2004, an earthquake in the Indian Ocean triggered a catastrophic tsunami. In Sri Lanka, 35,000 people died, 21,000 were injured, and more than half a million were displaced. An EMDR training program was conducted as a joint project of three organizations: EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP), International Relief Teams (IRT), and the Sri Lankan National Counselors Association (SRILNAC). Between March and December 2005, 30 Sri Lankan counselors were trained in EMDR. These counselors demonstrated competence in EMDR on several measures, treated more than 1,000 children and more than 350 adult tsunami victims with EMDR in 2005, provided narrative reports and outcome measures for most of their clients, and formed the Sri Lanka EMDR Association (SEA). The crucial steps in establishing and implementing this training program are explained, with a summary of the subjective impressions and learning experiences most valued by the training team, including an excerpt from a trainer’s journal. This information may be useful to future cross-cultural humanitarian efforts following large-scale disasters.
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Aliff, S. M. "Post-War Conflict in Sri Lanka: Violence against Sri Lankan Muslims and Buddhist Hegemony." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 59 (September 2015): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.59.109.
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Following the end of the thirty years old civil war in Sri Lanka, there were expectations that the post‐war period would usher in peace, development and reconciliation. The last four years have witnessed several positive developments including resettlement of people and rehabilitation of infrastructure. Nonetheless there are range of problems and policy gaps that have hindered the transition from war to sustainable peace. A key post-war challenge is that of violence against religious sites and members of religious communities. More recently, from last year, there has been an unprecedented level of violent attacks, demonstrations and hate speech targeting Sri Lanka’s Muslim population. It noted a ‘sharp uptick’ in religiously-motivated violence and said the authorities are ‘passively and sometimes actively’ condoning extremist Buddhist groups, Mainly perpetrated by Buddhist-fascist fundamentalist groups, such as the ‘Bodu Bala Sena’ or ‘Buddhist power force’ and the Hela Urmaya or Sinhala Heritage Party are the main groups behind these targeting of Muslims.The events have left the country’s second largest minority community - the Muslims feeling afraid and vulnerable which forcing a concerted campaign against them. In addition to attacks on places of religious worship there are calls to boycott Muslim shops and establishments, all of which is increasing tensions, particularly in areas where Muslims and Sinhalese live close to each other. These were virtually programmed by some prominent and influential personalities in governing circles, besides others who had a vested interest in seeing Sri Lanka imploding amid heightening ‘communal tensions.’On this context, this study focuses on the recent incident of violence against Muslims in Sri Lanka. The primary objective of this study is to examine the motive for violence against Muslims as well as impact of the violence. The fundamental questions of this research are the following: why does post-war violence and hate propaganda arise against Muslim in Sri Lanka? In which ways the violence against minorities, particularly Muslims impact on reconciliation process? And why does Buddhist nationalist hegemony arise soon after civil war in Sri Lanka? This study is based on an interpretive approach. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. In addition to primary sources, qualitative interviews were conducted with selected specialist on this particular research area. I conclude that after end of war against LTTE by government of Sri Lanka, religious tension has been increased in the recent past and the government’s reluctance even to take firm action against to perpetrators which would be helpful in restoring the rule of law and security of Sri Lankan minorities has been a big hurdle in the post-conflict situation and government are perceived to serve only the Buddhist side and to marginalize those holding legitimate grievances.
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Weerasekara, Permani C., Chandana R. Withanachchi, G. A. S. Ginigaddara, and Angelika Ploeger. "Understanding Dietary Diversity, Dietary Practices and Changes in Food Patterns in Marginalised Societies in Sri Lanka." Foods 9, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111659.
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Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious public health problem in developing countries, including Sri Lanka. Most frequently, micronutrient malnutrition is experienced by the poorest households due to cereal-based, monotonous diets that lack dietary diversity. Sri Lankan traditional food system is changing day by day. In parallel, nutrition deficiencies, malnutrition, and noncommunicable diseases are the most significant problems today in Sri Lanka. Therefore, understanding dietary diversity and dietary changes in Sri Lanka must be studied to address related public health issues. This study investigates nutrition adequacy, dietary diversity, dietary practice, and traditional food pattern changes in different marginalised areas in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional survey was done using 24 h food recall and an administrative questionnaire for 400 women of reproductive age (WRA) (18–49 years old) in marginalised areas in Sri Lanka. The random sampling method was used for data collection. The research confirmed that different areas had poor dietary practices, with macronutrient imbalance and alarmingly low intakes of micronutrients. Interestingly, the diversity of food was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Approximately 83% of women in urban areas did not meet minimum dietary diversity (MDD-W). Overall, about 63% of reproductive age women did not meet MDD-W and food security. The mean MDD-W for both areas was low. Significant differences in MDD-W levels were found in the two areas (F = 90.483, p < 0.05). The sample showed a significant positive correlation between MDD-W and area, monthly income, educational level, food source, BMI level and health status (R2 = 360; p < 0.01). This sample did not find that the consumption of traditional varieties of foods and agrobiodiversity are decreasing. Additionally, the study confirmed that low dietary diversity impacts nutrition status and health. The results highlight that the leading causes for low diet diversity are decreased dependence on own production, increased purchasing food at markets, lack of suitable lands to cultivate, agro-commercialisation, less knowledge of food and nutrition, loss of traditional food culture, low income and high prices of food. Inappropriate food patterns, nutrition policies and governance in Sri Lanka are the main factors to the nutrition findings. The study finding will help the decision-making authorities or policymakers to design suitable nutrition programs for vulnerable people in marginalised areas and to use these to strengthen a sustainable food and nutrition system in Sri Lanka.
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Abeysuriya, Hashini I., Vajira P. Bulugahapitiya, and Jayatissa Loku Pulukkuttige. "Total Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid, Dehydroascorbic Acid, Antioxidant Properties, and Iron Content of Underutilized and Commonly Consumed Fruits in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Food Science 2020 (August 28, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4783029.
Full textAbstract:
Sri Lanka is rich in a wide diversity of fruits, but many are underutilized by the people in Sri Lanka despite their nutritional value. This is mainly due to little awareness of the palatability of many fruits and hence low popularity in the market. The present study aimed at providing comparative data on the main biochemical and nutritional parameters of thirty-seven (37) species of fruits grown in Sri Lanka, including 22 underutilized fruits and 15 commonly consumed fruits. The main parameters of the comparison were the contents of ascorbic acid (AA), total vitamin C (TVC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total iron (Fe), and antioxidant capacities (ACs). The mean AA, TVC, TPC, TFC, and Fe contents in 100 g of fresh edible portions of fruits ranged from 2.0 to 185.0 mg, 8.1 to 529.6 mg, 12.9 to 2701.7 mg gallic acid equivalent, 0.2 to 117.5 mg quercetin equivalents, and 0.1 to 1.1 mg, respectively. The IC50 values in a DPPH assay varied between 0.8 to 1856.7 mg/mL and FRAP values in a FRAP assay ranged from 4.2 to 2070 μmol FeSO4/g in the studied fruits. Fruits were ranked based on the levels of the abovementioned biochemical properties. Using this ranking, 12 of the top 15 fruits were underutilized. Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry) is at the top of these underutilized fruits, and Psidium guajava (guava) is the best among commonly consumed fruits. These results indicate that underutilized fruits in Sri Lanka can be recommended as high quality and low-cost alternatives for securing nutritional requirements. Hence, underutilized fruits can be promoted as healthy additional fruits in Sri Lanka.
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Fernando, Suman, and Chamindra Weerackody. "Challenges in Developing Community Mental Health Services in Sri Lanka." Journal of Health Management 11, no. 1 (January 2009): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097206340901100113.
Full textAbstract:
There are several issues to be faced in developing mental health services in South Asia if they are to be culturally and socially appropriate to the needs of the communities in the region. The meanings of mental health relevant to culturally appropriate service development can be obtained by exploring local notions of well-being, systems of care available to people and current practices among those seeking help for mental health problems. Participatory research carried out in communities in Sri Lanka affected by prolonged armed conflict and by the 2004 tsunami clarified the nature of well-being as perceived by communities themselves. Subsequent development of mental health services for Sri Lanka can be based on community consultation, using methodologies and interventions that involve the participation of the communities and their local institutions, and adapting relevant western approaches to the Sri Lankan context.