Journal articles on the topic 'Boat-based observations'
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1
Roy Chowdhury, Gargi, Kanad Roy, Naman Goyal, Ashwin Warudkar, Rashid Hassnain Raza, and Qamar Qureshi. "On the evidence of the Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen, 1866) (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla: Delphinidae) in the Hooghly River, West Bengal, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 8 (May 26, 2020): 15905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5171.12.8.15905-15908.
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We report the presence and status of the Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris in the Hooghly River of West Bengal, India. These observations were made while conducting our field work on the Ganges River Dolphin, which involved vessel-based surveys as well as intensive monitoring from an anchored boat.
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Hodgson, Amanda. "“BLIMP-CAM”: Aerial Video Observations of Marine Animals." Marine Technology Society Journal 41, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533207787442169.
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Conducting behavioral observations of obligate marine animals such as cetaceans and sirenians is challenging. These animals usually spend prolonged periods beneath the surface of the water out of view of a boat-based or land-based observer. Observations from high vantage points can overcome some of these difficulties by allowing the observer to look down through the water and view subsurface behaviors. I developed a “blimp-cam”: a video camera mounted on a small ovoid-shape, helium-filled aerostat (blimp). This new style of blimp had a number of advantages over previous systems that have used the traditional zeppelin style, including being smaller, cheaper and easier to operate. The “blimp-cam” was flown at a height of 50 m, providing an overhead view of dugongs at water depths of up to 4 m and distances up to 200 m. I used the “blimp-cam” to obtain information on dugong behavior. I assess the advantages of this new style of aerial video observation system, its limitations and potential applications in the marine environment.
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Pierpoint, Chris, Liz Allan, Holly Arnold, Peter Evans, Sarah Perry, Lizzie Wilberforce, and Janet Baxter. "Monitoring important coastal sites for bottlenose dolphin in Cardigan Bay, UK." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 5 (July 21, 2009): 1033–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409000885.
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From 1994–2007 Ceredigion County Council and a network of shore-based, volunteer observers monitored levels of boat traffic and the occurrence of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus at seven sites on the coast of Cardigan Bay, Wales. We report high rates of site use and site occupancy by this species during the summer: at Mwnt for example, dolphins were recorded in >80% of 2 hours' observation periods; and at New Quay Harbour dolphins were present in >30% of all 15-minute intervals. At Mwnt and Aberporth there was a significant annual trend for increasing sighting rates; at Ynys Lochtyn a positive trend was only marginally non-significant; at New Quay Bird's Rock the trend was ambiguous but appeared stable over the seven most recent years. Although trends in site use may not reflect population trends in the wider region, these data were consistent with recent abundance estimates that indicate that the number of bottlenose dolphins using Cardigan Bay is stable or slightly increasing. Average group size at our study sites was small (<3 animals), which contrasts with observations of larger schools of the same population elsewhere in their range. The predominant behaviour in coastal Cardigan Bay is demersal foraging, often by solitary animals in shallow near-shore habitats. There was evidence that boat traffic suppressed site use by dolphins at New Quay Harbour, the busiest monitoring site: sighting rates fell when high numbers of boats were present and sighting rates were higher in 2007 than in previous years, when boat use was reduced due to poor weather during the main tourist season. This study demonstrates that networks of volunteer observers can provide a cost-effective, non-invasive means of gathering data on marine mammals for the purposes of coastal zone management.
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Löwenadler, John. "Relative clause extraction: Pragmatic dominance, processing complexity and the nature of crosslinguistic variation." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 38, no. 1 (April 20, 2015): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586515000050.
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This paper concerns crosslinguistic differences in the acceptability of so-called relative clause extraction constructions, exemplified by the unacceptable English sentence *This boat I know the guy that owns(associated with the acceptable canonical sentenceI know the guy that owns this boat). It has sometimes been argued, since Ross (1967), that such extractions are universally blocked by a syntactic constraint. However, following observations of such structures in English and other languages, some linguists have argued that such sentences have varying degrees of acceptability and that the degree of acceptability depends on attention limits and pragmatic foregroundedness/backgroundedness. Another view which appears to have gained ground in recent years is one where the degree of acceptability is directly related to processing difficulty. The analysis presented in this paper is based on a comparison between English and Swedish, and includes authentic data, examples previously discussed in the literature, as well as acceptability-tested invented sentences. In the end it will be argued that, while the dominance- and processing-based proposals are on the right track, there is a more plausible and straightforward way of explaining the observed crosslinguistic variation using the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar. Thus, an alternative account will be presented drawing on general principles which are well established within cognitive- and construction-based theories.
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Hyun, Chang-Uk, Mijin Park, and Won Young Lee. "Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS)-Based Wildlife Detection: A Review and Case Studies in Maritime Antarctica." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 14, 2020): 2387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122387.
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In wildlife biology, it is important to conduct efficient observations and quantitative monitoring of wild animals. Conventional wildlife monitoring mainly relies on direct field observations by the naked eyes or through binoculars, on-site image acquisition at fixed spots, and sampling or capturing under severe areal constraints. Recently, remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS), also called drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), were successfully applied to detect wildlife with imaging sensors, such as RGB and thermal-imaging sensors, with superior detection capabilities to those of human observation. Here, we review studies with RPAS which has been increasingly used in wildlife detection and explain how an RPAS-based high-resolution RGB image can be applied to wild animal studies from the perspective of individual detection and population surveys as well as behavioral studies. The applicability of thermal-imaging sensors was also assessed with further information extractable from image analyses. In addition, RPAS-based case studies of acquisition of high-resolution RGB images for the purpose of detecting southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) and shape property extraction using thermal-imaging sensor in King George Island, maritime Antarctica is presented as applications in an extreme environment. The case studies suggest that currently available cost-effective small-sized RPAS, which are capable of flexible operation and mounting miniaturized imaging sensors, and are easily maneuverable even from an inflatable boat, can be an effective and supportive technique for both the visual interpretation and quantitative analysis of wild animals in low-accessible extreme or maritime environments.
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Whiting, SD. "Rocky Reefs Provide Foraging Habitat For Dugongs In The Darwin Region Of Northern Australia." Australian Mammalogy 24, no. 1 (2002): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am02147.
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DUGONGS (Dugong dugon) are large mammalian herbivores found in tropical and sub-tropical waters from the east coast of Africa to Vanuatu in the western Pacific Ocean (Rice 1998). Foraging studies throughout their range indicate that their diet is dominated by seagrass (Marsh et al. 1982; Preen 1995; Preen and Marsh 1995; Anderson 1998; Das and Dey 1999). Aerial surveys (Marsh and Saalfeld, 1989; Preen et al. 1997), land-based and boat-based observations (Anderson 1982 1994; Aragones 1994) and satellite tracking data (Marsh and Rathbun 1990) indicate that dugong distribution is closely associated with seagrass beds. Algae is known to occur in food samples from dugongs (Heinsohn and Birch 1972; Marsh et al. 1982; Erftemeijer 1994; Preen 1995) but its presence in the diet has been described as incidental (Marsh et al. 1982) or linked to large-scale losses of seagrass (Spain and Heinsohn 1973; Marsh et al. 1982; Preen and Marsh 1995). This note contains opportunistic observations of long-term feeding by D. dugon on algal covered rocky reefs in the Darwin region of the Northern Territory.
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Axinte, Tiberiu. "Analysis of Rails of a Ferry Boat under Wheels Contact Loading." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.739.
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The paper presents the effect of the discontinuity of the rails of a ferry boat and the presence of lower modulus insulation material at the gap to the variations of stresses in the insulated rail. The analysis consists of a three-dimensional wheel rail contact model based on the finite element method. One of the results shows that the maximum stress occurs in the subsurface of the railhead of the ferry boat. The ratio of the elastic modulus of the railhead and insulation material is found to alter the levels of stress concentration. Numerical result indicates that a higher elastic modulus insulating material can reduce the stress concentration in the railhead but will generate higher stresses in the insulation material, leading to earlier failure of the insulation material. A general subsurface crack propagation analysis methodology is used for the wheel and rail rolling contact. The fatigue damage in the wheel is calculated using a previously developed mixed-mode fatigue crack propagation model. The advantages of the proposed methodology are that it can accurately represent the contact stress of complex mechanical components and can consider the effect of loading non-proportionality. The effects of wheel diameter, vertical loading amplitude, initial crack size, location and orientation on stress intensity factor range are investigated using the proposed model. The prediction results of the proposed methodology are compared with in field observations. The contact elements were used to stimulate the interaction between a wheel and a railhead. Variations in contact stress fields at various locations of the rail are sensitive to the contact distance. The location of the maximum von Mises stress was shifted to the contact surface as the contact point moves close to the rail end. A higher stress, larger deflection and significant plastic deformation occurring at the rail from ferry boat may lead to deterioration at the rail end.
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Tian, Wen-Miin. "Side-scan sonar techniques for the characterization of physical properties of artificial benthic habitats." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 59, spe1 (2011): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592011000500010.
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Side-scan sonar observations conducted at Mito artificial habitat site in the southwest coast off Taiwan, documented the locations of both concrete cubic blocks (more than 10,000 units) and scrapped steel boats (39 units) deployed previously. Based on their geographic locations, the concrete cubic artificial reefs could be grouped into 14 reef sets. About 30% of the reefs were deployed out of the promulgated site area. For the purpose of artificial habitat site identification and fishery resources management, a database structure was designed to accommodate types and positions of reefs, information of reef sets, bathymetric contours, textures of bottom sediments and geomorphological characteristics. The effectiveness of Mito artificial habitat site was evaluated to be positive after the deployment of both concrete block reefs and steel boat reefs.
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Díaz López, Bruno. "Interactions between Mediterranean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and gillnets off Sardinia, Italy." ICES Journal of Marine Science 63, no. 5 (January 1, 2006): 946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.06.012.
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Abstract A first attempt at analysing interactions between bottlenose dolphins and gillnets along the northeastern coast of Sardinia (Italy) was conducted between October 1999 and December 2004. A new approach was used: combining interviews with fishers with boat-based direct observations and behavioural and group size analysis. Fishers on monitored boats noted 2556 days on which gillnet damage was caused by bottlenose dolphins, 68.7% of the total fishing days, with no difference between seasons. An annual estimate of the number of bottlenose dolphins caught in the gillnets was 1.47 (0.98 immatures and 0.49 adults). In all, 317 days were spent making observations at sea, of which 330.6 h were spent directly observing the dolphins. There were no changes in the distribution of daily encounter rate among seasons, group size, or number of immatures, in the presence or the absence of gillnets. However, bottlenose dolphins spent more time both in the study area and feeding when gillnets were present. The extent of the estimated bycatch is worrisome in terms of the ability of bottlenose dolphins off Sardinia to sustain such an annual loss.
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Ayissi, Isidore, Gabriel Hoinsoudé Segniagbeto, and Koen Van Waerebeek. "Rediscovery of Cameroon Dolphin, the Gulf of Guinea Population of Sousa teuszii (Kükenthal, 1892)." ISRN Biodiversity 2014 (March 23, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/819827.
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Since the 1892 discovery of the Atlantic humpback dolphin Sousa teuszii (Delphinidae), a species endemic to coastal western Africa, from a skull collected in Cameroon, not a single record has been documented from the country or neighbouring countries. Increasing concern about the continued existence of the Gulf of Guinea population of S. teuszii or “Cameroon dolphin” prompted an exploratory survey in May 2011. Shore-based effort, on foot (30.52 km; 784 min), yielded no observations. Small boat-based surveys (259.1 km; 1008 min) resulted in a single documented sighting of ca. 10 (8–12) Cameroon dolphins in shallow water off an open sandy shore near Bouandjo in Cameroon's South Region. The combination of a low encounter rate of 3.86 individuals (100 km)−1 suggesting low abundance and evidence of both fisheries-caused mortality and of habitat encroachment raises concerns about the Cameroon dolphin's long-term conservation prospect. Our results add to indications concerning several other S. teuszii populations that the IUCN status designation of the species as “Vulnerable” may understate its threat level.
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Cribb, Nardi, Cara Miller, and Laurent Seuront. "Site fidelity and behaviour of spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) in Moon Reef, Fiji Islands: implications for conservation." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 8 (May 11, 2012): 1793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412000033.
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Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) were observed to frequent a tropical reef complex off the coast of Fiji on a regular basis. Boats from surrounding tourist destinations visit this reef on a nearly daily basis to observe the dolphins and partake in various tourist activities, such as snorkelling. The aim of the study was to determine whether this reef is a resting habitat for this population. Specifically, we objectively and quantitatively investigated whether spinner dolphins were primarily resting whilst present within the reef and also assessed whether the same individuals revisited the reef over time. Photo-identification techniques and boat based observations were conducted over two study periods (September 2009 and May 2010). Fifty-six recognizable individuals were identified during this period, with 70% resighted on 2 or more occasions. Resting was identified as the most consistent behaviour dolphins engaged in whilst present inside the reef. These preliminary results provide vital information which can be used as a tool in the development and implementation of conservation initiatives as well as providing a basis for future studies investigating the habitat characteristics of this reef.
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Takakura, Hiroki. "Individualism and collectivism in small-scale fisheries post-3.11 Japan." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 30, no. 6 (March 26, 2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-10-2020-0312.
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PurposeThis study examines fisheries affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011 to explore how the collectivism appears during the recovery process.Design/methodology/approachThe author questions the context of collaboration after the disaster among independent small-scale fishers in Miyagi by conducting semistructured interviews with more than 50 local fishers with anthropological observations of boat fishing operations and using local documents and statistics.FindingsThe corresponding collaboration among the fishers after the disaster is not a mere “disaster utopia,” but is embedded in the socioecological context of fishing. Fishers have developed individual and group fishing. They have institutionalized competitive distribution for sedentary fish with low resource fluctuation, while outcome-equal distribution is adopted for migratory fish with high resource fluctuation. This forms a fishing continuum that connects competitive individualism with collectivism in the community, which has contributed to resilience for disaster recovery.Originality/valueThe balance between individualism and collectivism is decisively coordinated in socioecological contexts. The multifaceted resource strategy for maritime biodiversity that features family-based occupational differentiation in a community is crucial for disaster recovery of small-scale fishers.
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Muhidin, Fredinan Yulianda, and Neviaty Putri Zamani. "IMPACT OF SNORKELING AND DIVING TO CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 9, no. 1 (November 2, 2017): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v9i1.17944.
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Panggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%. Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities.Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang IslandPanggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%. Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities. Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang Island
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Warren, Joseph D., and David A. Demer. "Abundance and distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) nearshore of Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, during six austral summers between 2000 and 2007." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 7 (July 2010): 1159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-042.
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Abundance and distribution of Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) in the nearshore waters north of Livingston Island, Antarctica, were characterized from six small-boat surveys conducted in late January or early February from 2000 to 2007. The first three surveys (2000, 2002, 2004) were conducted using a 120 kHz split-beam echosounder to measure water column acoustic backscatter. The last three surveys (2005–2007) were conducted using 38 kHz and 200 kHz single-beam echosounders. A portion of the acoustic backscatter was attributed to Antarctic krill based on the results of net tows, underwater video observations, and a multiple-frequency acoustic classification algorithm. The annual mean krill biomass density in the survey area ranged from 11 to 84 g·m–2. Results are compared with the western Scotia Sea area of the US Antarctic Marine Living Resources (AMLR) program’s acoustic surveys of krill biomass density for the same years. Nearshore krill biomass densities were significantly larger (t test, p < 0.05), more stable, and the coefficients of variation were smaller than the much larger AMLR surveys. Increased competition between seals, penguins, and humans for the nearshore krill resource, especially during the austral summer months, could impact the recruitment success of these land-based krill predators. Implications of nearshore krill biomass on small-scale management units are discussed.
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Chupin, Clémence, Valérie Ballu, Laurent Testut, Yann-Treden Tranchant, Michel Calzas, Etienne Poirier, Thibault Coulombier, Olivier Laurain, and Pascal Bonnefond. "Mapping Sea Surface Height Using New Concepts of Kinematic GNSS Instruments." Remote Sensing 12, no. 16 (August 19, 2020): 2656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162656.
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For over 25 years, satellite altimetry observations have provided invaluable information about sea-level variations, from Global Mean Sea-Level to regional meso-scale variability. However, this information remains difficult to extract in coastal areas, where the proximity to land and complex dynamics create complications that are not sufficiently accounted for in current models. Detailed knowledge of local hydrodynamics, as well as reliable sea-surface height measurements, is required to improve and validate altimetry measurements. New kinematic systems based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been developed to map the sea surface height in motion. We demonstrate the capacity of two of these systems, designed to measure the height at a centimetric level: (1) A GNSS floating carpet towed by boat (named CalNaGeo); and (2) a combination of GNSS antenna and acoustic altimeter (named Cyclopée) mounted on an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). We show that, at a fixed point, these instruments provide comparable accuracy to the best available tide gauge systems. When moving at up to 7 knots, the instrument velocity does not affect the sea surface height accuracy, and the two instruments agree at a cm-level.
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Orbach, D. N., J. M. Packard, S. Piwetz, and B. Würsig. "Sex-specific variation in conspecific-acquired marking prevalence among dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 5 (May 2015): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0302.
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Despite logistical challenges that limit direct observations of behavior for some species, physical scars can provide indirect evidence of aggression. Dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828)) off Kaikoura, New Zealand, derive most of the notches and scars on their dorsal fins from conspecifics. However, aggressive encounters have rarely been observed in this sexually monomorphic species. If injurious interactions are associated with intrasexual competition among males but not females, we predicted males would have more conspecific-acquired markings than females. High-quality dorsal fin photographs of dolphins of known sex (n = 79) were collected during boat-based surveys off Kaikoura. We measured three quantitative variables (notch height ratio, notch depth ratio, and dorsal fin rake direction) and one qualitative variable that scored the overall prevalence of markings (notches and scars). All four measures yielded consistent results. Males had significantly more conspecific-acquired markings than females. We reject the hypothesis that there is no difference between the sexes in marking prevalence. We propose that brief events of direct competition are missed by observers but recorded in accumulated patterns of conspecific-acquired markings that differ between the sexes.
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Pileckas, Marijus, Tauras Alekna, and Vaidotas Valskys. "Morphometry of Gelionys and Žaliasis Lakes." Geografija ir edukacija mokslo almanachas / Geography and Education Science Almanac, no. 9 (September 22, 2021): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/ge.2021.4.
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Bathymetric surveys of Gelionys and Žaliasis Lakes (located in the Baltic Uplands, Aukštadvaris Regional Park, Lithuania) were carried out on April 21, 2020, from a boat with attached Lowrance HDI SKIMMER XDCR transducer (200 kHz), Simrad GO5 chartplotter and Lowrance Point-1 GPS/Glonass receiver. At the same time, the shorelines of the lakes were revised. Average distance between profiles was ~10 m and depth measurement accuracy up to 2–5 cm. Accuracy of water surface elevation measurement using GNSS receiver Topcon Hiper SR up to 1–2 cm. Later, detailed (0.5 × 0.5 m) digital lake bottom models (DEM) were developed, bathymetric plans of the lakes were created, the main morphometric features were calculated, the boundaries and area of the lake catchments were defined, and the physical-geographical characteristics of the lakes were described based on field observations and various data. Gelionys and Žaliasis are small lakes of glaciokarst origin. Gelionys Lake is oval-shaped while shape of Žaliasis Lake is closer to the circle. Despite small surface area the lakes are quite deep. According to survey data, the surface area of Gelionys Lake is 4.79 ha, water surface elevation 216.1 m a.s.l., maximum depth 19.8 m, mean depth 6.0 m, volume 288.3 thousands m3, catchment area 71 ha. The surface area of Žaliasis Lake is 2.14 ha, water surface elevation 120.9 m a.s.l., maximum depth 15.84 m, mean depth 5.7 m, volume 122.2 thousands m3, catchment area 60 ha. During the observation period (from May of 2018 to September of 2020), the annual amplitude of water level fluctuations in Gelionys Lake reached up to 0.47 m, and in Žaliasis Lake up to 0.33 m. Keywords: Gelionys, Žaliasis, glaciokarst, lake, bathymetric chart, morphometry, Lithuania, Aukštadvaris Regional Park.
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Nguyen, A. D., and H. H. Savenije. "Salt intrusion in multi-channel estuaries: a case study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 5 (October 16, 2006): 743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-743-2006.
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Abstract. There is a well-tested theory for the computation of salt intrusion in alluvial estuaries that is fully analytical and predictive. The theory uses analytical equations to predict the mixing behaviour of the estuary based on measurable quantities, such as channel topography, river discharge and tidal characteristics. It applies to single-channel topographies and estuaries that demonstrate moderate tidal damping. The Mekong delta is a multi-channel estuary where the tide is damped due to a relatively strong river discharge (in the order of 2000 m3/s), even during the dry season. As a result the Mekong is a strongly riverine estuary. This paper aims to test if the theory can be applied to such a riverine multi-channel estuary, and to see if possible adjustments or generalisations need to be made. The paper presents salt intrusion measurements that were done by moving boat in 2005, to which the salt intrusion model was calibrated. The theory has been expanded to cater for tidal damping. Subsequently the model has been validated with observations made at fixed locations over the years 1998 and 1999. Finally it has been tested whether the Mekong calibration fits the overall predictive equations derived in other estuaries. The test has been successful and led to a slight adjustment of the predictive equation to cater for estuaries that experience a sloping bottom.
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Castelblanco-Martínez, Delma Nataly, Virginie dos Reis, and Benoit de Thoisy. "How to detect an elusive aquatic mammal in complex environments? A study of the Endangered Antillean manateeTrichechus manatus manatusin French Guiana." Oryx 52, no. 2 (January 20, 2017): 382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000922.
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AbstractThe Antillean manateeTrichechus manatus manatusis a cryptic mammal that inhabits, among other areas, murky rivers and estuaries of Central and South America. The difficulty in detecting and counting manatees is an obstacle to monitoring their population status, as traditional count sampling is unsuitable. We conducted a quantitative analysis of the distribution and abundance of the manatee across its known range in the rivers and estuaries of French Guiana, based on data from a range-wide line transect visual survey combined with a side-scan sonar survey, identification of feeding sites, and silent observations at fixed points. A total effective effort of 248 hours and 1,129 km of boat survey was completed. We used two relative abundance indices: the combined encounter rate, which combines encounters per km from either visual or side-scan sonar surveys, and the global detection index, which is defined as the sum of all evidence per unit time. Manatees were detected in all nine study units. Niche modelling was used to analyse the space selection by manatees, and helped to detect differential use of habitats according to the season. The model predicted that coastal areas are used more extensively during the dry season. In the absence of better techniques to detect wild manatees in complex habitats this monitoring protocol may be relevant and replicable in hydrological systems where manatee detectability is constrained by biogeographical characteristics.
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Barra, Thibaut, Lars Bejder, Mayeul Dalleau, Sylvain Delaspre, Anne-Emmanuelle Landes, Max Harvey, and Ludovic Hoarau. "Social Media Reveal High Rates of Agonistic Behaviors of Humpback Whales in Response to Swim-with Activities Off Reunion Island." Tourism in Marine Environments 15, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427320x15960647825531.
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The effect of nature-based tourism on wildlife has been the focus of much attention. Studies have demonstrated how boat-based cetacean-watching tourism can cause both short-term and long-term effects on targeted populations. However, limited attention has been given to the effect of swim-with activities on humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). This study qualified whale responses to swim-with activities off Reunion Island during the 2018 humpback whales breeding season. We used both under- and above-water videos collected from social media outlets, commercial whale-watching operators, and audiovisual professionals. We documented a high rate of agonistic whale behaviors (during 42.1% of all observations; n = 164) towards swimmers within videos containing swim-with events. We documented seven agonistic behaviors including threat, attack, or defense behaviors that were predominantly exhibited by mother/calf groups (73.8%; n = 121) and by singletons (16.5%; n = 27). Pectoral shears (27.4%) and fluke thrashes (23.2%) were the most exhibited agonistic whale behaviors aimed towards swimmers, both of which pose a danger and serious injury to swimmers. During swim-with attempts whales changed their behavioral state (82.3%, n = 159) and used avoidance tactics to avoid swimmers (56.1%, n = 92). Whales exhibited a higher rate of agonistic behaviors when swim groups were active and dispersed, in contrast to when they were quiet and compact. To mitigate whale disturbance and improve swimmer safety, we recommend avoiding swimming with whale groups containing calfs. Our findings support the implementation of strong regulations and educational tools to ensure a sustainable practice of whale watching off the Reunion Island.
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Santos, Sandro. "Influência dos fatores ambientais na abundância de Portunus spinimanus latreille, 1819 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) na região de Ubatuba (SP)." Ciência e Natura 22, no. 22 (December 11, 2000): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x27115.
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This work aimed to study the environmental factors influence on P. spinimanus abundance in the sublittoral sediments of Fortaleza bay, Ubatuba (SP). The collects were made during one year, from November/1988 to Octuber/1989, with a shrimp fishery boat equipped with 2 otter-trawl. Temperature, salinity, depth, dissolved oxygen content, organic material amount of the sediment and its granulometric composition were the environment factors sampled. The procedure adopted here consisted in to distribute the environment factors results in strata, to determine the values frequency and the number of captured individuals in each stratum though the 84 samples. The transformed abundance index was calculated by means the formula A = Ln(x+1), where, x = mean number of individuals and Ln = reperian logarithm. The abundance index tended to increase with the temperature elevation and it was high in 31.6 to 33.2% of salinity. The abundance index for both dissolved oxygen and organic material contents were characterized by normal curve. The individuals were abundant in the first two strata of depth. With relation to granulometric fraction, the animals were more abundant in subareas with gravel and very coarse sand than the others. Based on this results and field observations it can be concluded that the presence of P. spinimanus is associated to a group of environment factors among them the texture (gravel and very coarse sand) and to protected sites in the bay, characterized by a relatively calm water.
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Nguyen, A. D., and H. H. G. Savenije. "Salt intrusion in multi-channel estuaries: a case study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 2 (April 13, 2006): 499–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-3-499-2006.
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Abstract. There is a well-tested theory for the computation of salt intrusion in alluvial estuaries that is fully analytical and predictable, in the sense that it has well-tested analytical equations to predict the mixing behaviour of the estuary based on measurable quantities, such as channel topography, river discharge and tidal characteristics. This theory has been described in a range of publications (Savenije, 1986, 1989, 1993) and a recent book (Savenije, 2005). This theory applies to single-channel topographies and estuaries that demonstrate moderate tidal damping. The Mekong delta is a multi-channel estuary where the tide is damped due to a relatively strong river discharge (in the order of 2000m/s), even during the dry season. As a result the Mekong is a strongly riverine estuary. This paper aims to test if the theory can be applied to such a riverine multi-channel estuary, and to see if possible adjustments or generalisations need to be made. The paper presents salt intrusion measurements that were done by moving boat in 2005, to which the salt intrusion model was calibrated. The theory was expanded to cater for tidal damping. Subsequently the model was validated with observations made at fixed locations over the years 1998 and 1999. Finally it was tested whether the Mekong calibration fits the overall predictive equations derived in other estuaries. The test was successful and led to a slight adjustment of the predictive equation to cater for estuaries that experience a sloping bottom.
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Oshima, Júlia Emi de Faria, Marcos César de Oliveira Santos, Mariel Bazzalo, Paulo André de Carvalho Flores, and Fabiano do Nascimento Pupim. "Home ranges of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) (Cetacea: Delphinidae) in the Cananéia estuary, Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 8 (September 1, 2010): 1641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410001311.
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Home ranges of seven Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) (Van Bénéden, 1864) were studied in the Cananéia estuary (~25°03′S 47°55′W), south-eastern Brazil. Boat-based observations were conducted from May 2000 to July 2003 in ~132 km2 of protected inner waters. The photo-identification technique was used to follow naturally marked individuals through time and space. From a total of 138 catalogued individuals, five males and two females presented 20+ sightings and were used for home range estimation. Sightings were plotted and analysed in a Geographic Information System (GIS). With the ‘Home Range Tools’ extension the fixed kernel density estimator with band width (smoothing parameter) chosen via least squares cross-validation was performed for each individual. The fixed kernel method was used to estimate the non-parametric utility distribution of each dolphin, keeping band width (h) constant for a data set. The first polygons created by these parameters had an amoeboid shape and in some cases more than one centre of activity. The 95% home range estimated outlines varied from 1.6 to 22.9 km2 (7.9 ± 8.3 km2). This large interval shows strong evidences on individual variation in S. guianensis' home ranges. Several individuals showed small home ranges when compared to other cetacean species. An overlap of home ranges of different sizes and shapes were observed for Guiana dolphins with large range movements. Centres of activity were concentrated in the main entrance of the Cananéia estuary. This was a first attempt to understand the way S. guianensis uses the Cananéia estuary and such data are essential for conservation and management purposes.
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Félix, Fernando, Ruby Centeno, Juan Romero, Melanie Zavala, and Óscar Vásconez. "Prevalence of scars of anthropogenic origin in coastal bottlenose dolphin in Ecuador." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 5 (May 9, 2017): 1177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417000686.
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The prevalence of scars and wounds of anthropogenic origin was assessed in seven different coastal bottlenose dolphin communities (Tursiops truncatus) on the south-western coast of Ecuador. Between 2011 and 2017 a total of 117 trips were conducted representing a total sampled distance of 6281 km. Twenty-five of the 189 (13.2%) free-ranging photo-identified dolphins were recorded with dorsal fin damage, V-shaped wounds, sawed edges and deformities in the caudal region. The scarring prevalence ranged from 0 to 44.4% and was associated with either fishing interactions or vessel strikes. Dolphin scarring increased five times in the last 25 years from 2.2 to 11.1% and was correlated with a decrease in population in the inner estuary of the Gulf of Guayaquil. Damaged dorsal fins are associated mainly with fishing gear. V-shaped wounds were recorded in three different communities, Posorja, Estero Salado and Salinas, and given their severity associated with either fishing gear or vessel strikes. During the study period three dolphins were found entangled in fishing gears, two in gillnets and one in a long-line, emphasizing the threats posed by current fishing practice to the species. More effective management measures are urgently needed to reverse the observed population decline. This may include reduction of fishing effort, implementation of area-based approaches to coastal planning (including Marine Protected Area designations) and support for further research to understand the problem. Given the difficulty in taking direct observations, scarring prevalence is proposed as a proxy for estimating boat traffic and fishing gear impacts upon cetaceans.
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Lainsamputty, Helly S. "ANALYSIS OF PRINCIPLE DIMENSION AND SHAPE OF PURSE SEINERS IN AMBON ISLAND." ALE Proceeding 2 (July 16, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/ale.2.2019.15-19.
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Abstrak Purse seiners as a ship's main small pelagic fish Catcher is increasingly growing in number and size. In the last 5 years has been an increase in purse seine boats in Maluku by 20% and 15% of the overall operating in waters around the island of Ambon. Purse seiners tend to be made traditionally based on experience and not in accordance with the criteria of size comparison of a fish boat. It is very technical and operational feasibility of affect in this speed, stability and longitudinal strength . This research aims to calculate speed, tonnage (GT), the size of the principal as well as set the geometric shapes of purse seiners on the island of Ambon. The methods used in this research is a survey method by gathering primary and secondary data by making observations and measurements directly against the 32 purse seiners in Ambon island. Analysis and discussion is done through estimation the ship's speed by using the formula of Nomura, estimated tonnage (GT) using the Standard Fish Vessel Regulations by the Director-General of Fisheries Catch of Indonesia in 2004, the determination of the optimal size of the principal ship in the empirical formula by numerical – Traung and geometric forms of purse seiner . Estimation against speed (V) and the tonnage (GT) shows that the speed average (Vaverage) = 7.1 knots and tonnage average(GTaverage) = 22.4 tons. The calculation of the size of the principal ship by using empirical methods-numerical based on Traung equation with input of Vaverage and GTaverageindicates that the principal dimension is as follows: LBP = 15.8 meters; B = 4.8 meters; D = 2.2 meters and d = 1.9 meters and form coefficient as follows : CB = 0,6 ; CW = 0,7 ; CM = 0,97 ; CP = 0,62
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Sasano, Masahiko, Motonobu Imasato, Hiroya Yamano, and Hiroyuki Oguma. "Development of Fluorescence Imaging Lidar for Boat-Based Coral Observation." EPJ Web of Conferences 119 (2016): 22002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201611922002.
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Scott, Carven, Sam Albanese, and John Whitney. "PROVIDING TOTAL NOAA SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO THE USCG FOR REMOTE OIL SPILL LOCATIONS – THE M/V SELENDANG AYUINCIDENT IN ALASKA." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-109.
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ABSTRACT The NOAA Emergency Response Division (ERD aka Hazmat) provides a complete set of scientific assistance and support to the U.S. Coast Guard in response to an offshore oil spill. Historically NOAA National Weather Service (NWS) has provided the operational weather support component for ERD in the form of forecasts and observations. The dearth of conventional weather data in remote locations provide unique challenges for providing weather support for Hazmat events in locations such as the Aleutian Island Chain of Alaska. Weather support for Hazmat events in Alaska are further complicated during the storm season from October through March due to the frequency and intensity of storms in Alaska combined with the vast distances to reach the scene. Such was the case when the M/V Selendang Ayu grounded on Unalaska Island in the Aleutian Islands, 800 miles southwest of Anchorage, within the AOR of NWS Weather Forecast Office Anchorage. Unalaska Island has a handful of permanent observational platforms, all in the vicinity of Dutch Harbor. However, the M/V Selendang Ayu was foundering on the west side of the island, in a different meteorological and oceanographic regime. WFO Anchorage developed a plan that included siting a land-based weather station near the wreck, a specialized processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellite (SARSat) passes, and a Selendang Ayu event web portal populated with tailored products for the event within 24 hours. Given the significance of the event within a highly vulnerable ecosystem, one of the first actions that the ERD Alaska Scientific Support Coordinator initiated was to exercise an agreement with the NWS to bring their Incident Meteorologist on scene as part of the NOAA Scientific Support Team. The NWS response was immediate and effective. Within a week the first Incident Meteorologist (IM) was on scene providing regional and localized weather reviews and forecasts for the IC Post as well as weather briefings on request for helo pilots and boat skippers. On scene IM support continued for the next two months. Weather support through the spring and summer was provided via phone and web by the Anchorage Forecast Office.
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Wilks, Jeff, Michael Lück, and Mark Orams. "Passenger Safety on Whale-Watching Vessels in Australia." Tourism in Marine Environments 15, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427319x15722432101718.
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To date, the focus of research into risks and safety in whale watching has tended to be on the safety of the whales (or dolphins/porpoises). This article explores the issue from the human side of the interaction and considers boat-based whale-watching passenger safety by reviewing evidence from available legal case records and legislation in Australia to better understand the risks and injuries that can occur to people in these marine wildlife tourism scenarios. A review of two legal cases and observations from media reports of whale-watching incidents in other jurisdictions revealed that waves and associated violent vessel movement are responsible for serious injuries to passengers. Where there was a failure to keep a proper lookout for waves and safely adapt to changing sea conditions operators have been found negligent. Legal challenges have also been successful in cases involving inaccurate and misleading promotion and communication about the nature of the tour and associated risks, and where passengers had not received adequate safety briefings. Furthermore, signed waivers that sought to protect the tour operator from responsibilities for injuries sustained aboard were not sufficient to absolve operators from liability. Given the different cultures, languages, and physical capabilities of a diverse range of international tourists interested in whale watching it is recommended that promotional materials, safety briefings, and safety communications (such as warning signs) be communicated by widely used and understood symbols and in multiple languages. In addition, some screening of passengers to ascertain preexisting medical conditions and to assess their ability to participate in the voyage safely, and with understanding of safety instructions, should be undertaken prior to a vessel leaving the dock. Templates to assist operators with their responsibilities are now available from the Australian Maritime Safety Authority.
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Belyaev, Andrey G., and Elena I. Shubnitsina. "On the Origin of Russian-Language Hydronyms of the Shchugor River Basin." Вопросы Ономастики 17, no. 1 (2020): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2020.17.1.005.
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The article discusses the history of the hydronyms Shchugor, Patok, Glubnik, Torgovaya, Volokovka, Pyatidyrka, and Semidyrka, i.e. the names of the Shchugor River and its several tributaries of the first and second orders. Presently, these names mostly have a “Russian” phonetic appearance, however, their historical variants suggest that some of them may be a result of semantic adaptation of pre-Russian names. The authors suggest that the hydronyms Pyatidyrka and Semidyrka originated from Nenets names with a composite determinant -dyrma, expressing recurrence and place of action. In other examples, there is a parallel coexistence of several similar versions of one hydronym belonging to different languages, cf.: Russian Torgovaya, Komi-Zyryan Törgövöy-yu, Nenets Menyaylava. This can be regarded as a testimony to the past and current contacts of the Russian population with indigenous peoples — speakers of Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic languages. In some cases, the older pre-Russian form of a hydronym might be missing, i.e. replaced by a Russian-language variant without any trace of the substrate name. For example, the Komi-Zyryan hydronym Pyzhenyuts (from Komi-Zyryan pyzh ‘boat,’ literally “River on which boats can sail”) was replaced in the Old Russian period by the name Padun and, later, by the name Patok, both of the latter hydronyms being originally Russian. The article also analyzes native Russian names for which the most probable motivation can be established based on geographic data. Incidentally, the traditional interpretation of the name of the river Glubnik as “deep river” or “river with deep places” is called into question, since such an interpretation does not correspond to physical and geographical features of the river, the authors interpret the name as “River flowing from the depths of the taiga.” All linguistic observations and etymological interpretations of hydronyms presented in the article are based on the analysis of a large array of cartographic sources of the 16th–20th centuries; finally examples are given of the distortion of the spelling of the hydronyms of the Shchugorsk area of the Urals on the maps of various times.
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Abendroth-smith, Julianne, John Kras, and Bradford Strand. "Get aboard the B-BOAT: (Biomechanically Based Observation and Analysis for Teachers)." Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 67, no. 8 (October 1996): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1996.10604832.
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Mehta, Disha. "Continuation of Buprenorphine to Facilitate Postoperative Pain Management for Patients on Buprenorphine Opioid Agonist Therapy." Pain Physician 2;23, no. 4;2 (April 14, 2020): E163—E174. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2020/23/e163.
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Background: Acute pain management in patients on buprenorphine opioid agonist therapy (BOAT) can be challenging. It is unclear whether BOAT should be continued or interrupted for optimization of postoperative pain control. Objectives: To determine an evidence-based approach for pain management in patients on BOAT in the perioperative setting, particularly whether BOAT should be continued or interrupted with or without bridging to another mu opioid agonist and to identify benefits and harms of either perioperative strategy. Study Design: Systematic literature review with qualitative data synthesis. Setting: Hospital, perioperative. Methods: The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (Registration number 9030276355). Medline via OVID, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane CENTRAL register of trials were searched for prospective or retrospective observational or controlled studies, case series, and case reports that described perioperative or acute pain care for patients on BOAT. References of narrative and systematic reviews addressing acute pain management in patients on BOAT and references of included articles were hand-searched to identify additional original articles for inclusion. The full text of publications were reviewed for final inclusion, and data were extracted using a standardized data extraction form. Results were summarized qualitatively. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain intensity and total opioid use and identification of benefits and harms of perioperative strategies. Results: Eighteen publications presenting data on the perioperative management of patients on BOAT were identified: 10 case reports, 5 case series, and 3 retrospective cohort studies. Eleven articles reported continuation of BOAT, 2 concerned bridging BOAT, and 4 articles described stopping BOAT without planned bridging. In one retrospective cohort study, BOAT was continued in half and interrupted in half of patients. Patients on BOAT may have pain that is more difficult to treat than those who are not on OAT. There is no clear evidence that one particular strategy provides superior postoperative pain control, but interruption of BOAT may result in harm, including failure to return to baseline BOAT doses, continuing non-BOAT opioid use, or relapse of opioid use disorder. Limitations: There were a limited number of articles relevant to the study question consisting of case reports and retrospective observational studies. Some omitted relevant details. No prospective studies were found. Conclusions: There is no clear benefit to bridging or stopping BOAT but failure to restart it may pose concerns for relapse. We recommend continuing BOAT in the perioperative period when possible and incorporating an interdisciplinary approach with multimodal analgesia. Key words: Opioid use disorder, opiate substitution treatment, buprenorphine, buprenorphinenaloxone, buprenorphine opioid agonist therapy, postoperative pain, acute pain, multimodal analgesia
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Fatmawati and Ahmad Mutedi. "Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Booking Kapal untuk Berwisata & Memancing Berbasis Android." JTIM : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Multimedia 1, no. 3 (November 5, 2019): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v1i3.54.
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The development of information technology is increasingly developing, so that makes the human mindset of the desired information needs can be accessed easily, quickly, and accurately. This boat booking is a type of booking that is rarely known by many people and almost everyone only knows about booking hotels, along with the many tourist attractions such as the islands that require tourists to go using the boat to the tourist site, an application is needed to make it easy for tourists to book a ship, from the existing problems for booking and chartering the ship is still done manually by contacting the shipowner directly and for the payment process that is done is still using a manual system that is done after completing using the ship which is feared the charterer can cancel the charter . In this study, the authors used a methodology with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and literature study while application development uses SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) with a waterfall approach and in this study, the authors used the Fisher-Yates Shuffle algorithm while for modeling using UML (Unified Modeling Language). With the Android-based ship booking application, it can facilitate the tourists in getting information in booking a boat that can be done online.
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Ayu Antari, Kadek, I. Wayan Suardana, and LGLK Dewi. "ANALISIS KEPUASAN WISATAWAN DOMESTIK PADA ATRAKSI DOLPHIN DI PANTAI LOVINA, BULELENG." Jurnal IPTA 8, no. 1 (July 16, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2020.v08.i01.p14.
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Lovina beach is known for the dolphin attraction. Watching dolphin attraction, tourists were transported by boat. As a provider, the helmsman tried to give the best of service to the tourists. However, there were various views of both positive and negative opinions from tourists regarding the services rendered during used. Thus, it must be known to be the dosmetic tourist satisfaction using boat service at Lovina Beach. Data collected by the method of observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation and literature study. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques using customer satisfaction index and importance performance analysis in the form of a Cartesius diagram. The results show that the level of tourist expectation is 4.28 which means it is in the very important category. Furthermore, the value of the captain's performance level obtained a value of 3.77 which was categorized as good. Calculation of the gap value shows the gap between the level of expectation and the level of performance with the acquisition of a value of -0.51. Analysis of the level of tourist satisfaction based on the calculation of the customer satisfaction index shows that tourists are satisfied with a value of 75.54%. There are 4 indicators that need to be prioritized to be improved, including the availability of life jackets, responsibility for the safety of tourists, a sense of security while using a boat and the helmsman has the ability to create good relationships with tourists.
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Truong Thanh, Tong. "Mooting court – an experiential activity in teaching short story The boat far out by Nguyen Minh Chau." Journal of Science Educational Science 65, no. 7 (July 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2020-0073.
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The objectives of Language Arts and Literature in General Education Curriculum aim to develop students’ competency and attribute. Thus, organising experiential activities in Language Arts and Literature to strengthen students’ competency and attribute is both topical and meaningful for a long path. The writer clarifies more about the understanding of experiential activities in Language Arts and Theoretical Literature. Regarding a practical basis, the writer organises a mooting court, an experience-based teaching activity responding to students’ competency and attribute in teaching The boat far out by Nguyen Minh Chau. The teaching had been carried out in the academic year of 2018 – 2019: class observation, data collection, students and teachers’ perspectives collected from survey questionaires and semi-structured interview questions, and data analysis. The findings show that organising a mooting court - an experience-based teaching activity is one of the most effective renewals of teaching methodology
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Lasabuda, Ridwan, Lawrence J. L. Lumingas, and Rose O. S. E. Mantiri. "Mangrove Community Characteristics and Local Fishermen’s Utilization in North Sulawesi Province: Case study on boat raft fishermen in Sauk village, Labuan Uki bay, Bolaang Mongondow regency." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 4, no. 2 (November 10, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.4.2.2016.19011.
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This study aims to analyze the characteristics of mangrove vegetation in Sauk village, Labuan Uki bay, and to know the exploitation activities and the community’s perception on mangrove ecosystem. Mangrove vegetation characteristic data were collected using transect line method in 3 stations, while mangrove utilization and community’s perception data were obtained through field observation, questioners, and structured interviews. Respondent sampling used purposive sampling, and the respondents were representatively selected based on profession background as boat raft fishermen.Results showed that mangroves in Sauk village consisted of 8 species, Avicennia officinalis Aegiceras floridum, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, R. stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, and S. casiolari. The density level was 689 trees.ha-1 (categorized as rare according to the decree of Living Evironment Minister Numbered 201/2004) and the mean vegetation spread was 95.16 M widely available from 22.70 Ha.People used the mangrove for firewood, building materials, boat frame, fish drying place, net dye material (tree skin), dahannya dibuat wadah bunga buatan, and fishing ground. Some people of the village clear cut the mangroves for boat sailing route, despite violating Indonesian Law numbered 27/ 2007 jo Low numbered 1/2014 concerning coastal area and small islands management.Sixty percent of the respondents understood that mangroves can be cut for various benefits, 40% knew that mangrove area is source of income, 40% as source of firewood, 10% as place where fish lay their eggs, and 10% as coast protection from abrasion.Keyword : mangrove, boat raft fishermen, Sauk village, Labuan Uki bay.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karaktersitik vegetasi mangrove yang ada di desa Sauk Teluk Labuan Uki dan mengetahui aktivitas pemanfaatan serta persepsi masyarakat tentang ekosistem mangrove. Data karakteristik vegetasi mangrove diambil menggunakan metode transek line di 3 stasiun. Sedangkan data pemanfaatan mangrove dan persepsi masyarakat dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi lapangan, pengisian kuesioner dan wawancara terstruktur. Pengambilan sampel responden menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Responden dipilih secara representatif berdasarkan latar belakang profesi sebagai nelayan bagan perahuHasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa mangrove yang ada di desa Sauk terdiri dari 8 spesies : Avicennia officinalis (api-api), Aegiceras floridum (api-api), Rhizophora apiculata (lolaro), Rhizophora mucronata(lolaro), Rhizophora stylosa (lolaro), Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (ting), Sonneratia alba (lolaro) dan Sonneratia casiolari (posi-posi). Tingkat kerapatan 689 pohon/ha (kategori jarang sesuai Kepmen Lingkungan Hidup No 201 Tahun 2004). Ketebalan vegetasi mangrove rata2 95,16 meter dari luas yang tersedia 22,70 Ha.Masyarakat memanfaatkan mangrove untuk : sumber kayu bakar, dibuat bahan bangunan, dibuat rangka kapal, tempat menjemur ikan, kulitnya sebagai pewarna jaring, dahannya dibuat wadah bunga buatan, tempat menangkap ikan dan biota air lainnya. Selain itu ada oknum masyarakat desa Sauk yang menebang mangrove untuk membuat lintasan perahu, dimana kegiatan ini bertentangan dengan UU No.27 Tahun 2007 jo UU No.1 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau2 Kecil. 60 % responden memahami bahwa mangrove adalah tumbuhan yang bebas ditebang untuk dimanfaatkan berbagai kepentingan. 40 % responden memahami kawasan mangrove adalah sumber pencaharian masyarakat lokal, 40 % responden memahami sebagai sumber untuk mencari kayu bakar, 10 % responden memahami sebagai tempat bertelur ikan, dan 10 % responden memahami sebagai penahan abrasi pantai.Keyword : mangrove, nelayan bagan perahu, desa Sauk, Teluk Labuan Uki
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Novak, Mario, Timka Alihodžić, and Mario Šlaus. "Navigare necesse est. Possible reconstruction of a maritime-activities related occupation based on the presence of auditory exostoses in an individual from the Roman period city of Iader." Anthropological Review 76, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2013-0001.
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Abstract Large bilateral auditory exostoses were recorded in the skeleton of an adult male buried in the Roman period necropolis of Zadar-Relja (the Roman colony of Iader) in southern Croatia. As the occurrence of auditory exostoses in both past and modern populations has been correlated with prolonged exposure to cold water, the authors propose that during his lifetime this individual performed activities requiring frequent contact with cold water for an extended period of time. Apart from auditory exostoses, this individual also exhibits other pathological changes including pronounced skeletal robustness, benign cortical defects at the insertion of the pectoralis major muscles on both humeri and at the attachment sites of the costo-clavicular ligaments on both clavicles, and vertebral osteoarthritis in the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. The most plausible explanation for all these changes is that this person spent most of his life working aboard a sea vessel as a sailor, boat builder or fisherman, and whose duties included frequent and intensive use of oars. This observation is based on the geographic and climatic location of Zadar, the described skeletal changes, the archaeological context of the site, recovered material artifacts and written historic sources and comparisons with similar studies.
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Satrya, Dimas. "Management of Fishing Operational on Lift Net in Lekok Waters, Pasuruan Regency, East Java." E3S Web of Conferences 142 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014202001.
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Indonesia is an archipelago country, catching fish is one of the sectors that is highly evolved in Indonesia. One of the waters in Indonesia which has great fishery potential is Pasuruan Regency in East Java. Lift net is a fishing tool that is still widely used by small-scale fishermen in Indonesia, formed rectangular which was operable in coastal waters at night by using light fishing. The purposes of this article are to investigate how to operate a lift net and to explore deeper about the management of lift net operation in Lekok Waters, Pasuruan Regency. Data collection was done by using observation, interview, active participation and documentation. This research discuss about boat and the equipment, catcher tool components, location, length time of trip, procedures of fishing, types of fish, tools maintenance and business management. Based on the analysis of Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio) proved R/C ratio is > 1, then the effort of catching fish by using lift net in Lekok Pasuruan is profitable. The value of BEP in units of the unit catchment is 1,278 kg, and the values BEP in-unit rupiah is Rp.9,064,516.
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Zhou, Shijie, Rik C. Buckworth, Nick Ellis, Roy A. Deng, and Sean Pascoe. "Getting all information out of logbooks: estimating banana prawn fishable biomass, catchability, and fishing power increase, with a focus on natural mortality." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu013.
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Abstract Biomass, catchability, and natural mortality are key parameters in fish stock assessment. Yet, it is difficult to estimate these quantities, especially natural mortality, when only fishery data are available. Using a method of population depletion analysis, we estimated these population and biological quantities for the white banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis) in Australia's valuable Northern Prawn Fishery. In addition, we directly included fishing power change over time. The models were implemented in a Bayesian framework by incorporating process error, observation error, and random variability for the underlying parameters. The posterior median initial fishable biomass ranged from ∼2000 to 7000 t year−1, and the median catchability varied from ∼3.8 × 10−4 to 7.3 × 10−4 boat-day−1, resulting in an average fishing power increase of 2.6% per year. An unexpected result is the estimate of exponential natural mortality rate of ∼0.03 week−1. This value is substantially lower than an earlier estimate of 0.05 week−1, which was based on a single year's fishery data in one stock region and has been widely used for over four decades without validation. We attribute this low natural mortality estimate mainly to prawn aggregation behaviour.
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Díaz López, Bruno, Edwin Grandcourt, Séverine Methion, Himansu Das, Ibrahim Bugla, Maitha Al Hameli, Hind Al Ameri, Mohamed Abdulla, Ayesha Al Blooshi, and Shaikha Al Dhaheri. "The distribution, abundance and group dynamics of Indian Ocean humpback dolphins (Sousa plumbea) in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (UAE)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 5 (July 10, 2017): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417001205.
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The Arabian Gulf is one of the most heavily impacted water bodies raising serious concerns about the conservation status of many marine species. A limited coastal range and near-shore distribution make Indian Ocean humpback dolphins particularly vulnerable to mortality and traumatic injuries from heavy maritime traffic and gill-netting practices. Prior to the present study, no research had focused on the ecology of this species in the Arabian Gulf, despite the potential for human impacts. The mark–recapture method of photo-identification, undertaken during 55 boat-based surveys conducted between 2014 and 2015, was used to assess the occurrence, abundance and use of habitat of this endangered species along the coast of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (UAE). In all, 368 h and 6703 km of observation were carried out over a period of 5 months, and 54 encounters were made with humpback dolphins. The group size ranged from 1 to 24 individuals and group composition showed that 79% of the observed dolphins were adults. Abundance estimates were calculated and fitted with open population models. A review of all available data indicates that the studied population is the largest reported in the world with 701 (95% CI = 473–845) individuals. While their occurrence within Abu Dhabi near-shore waters is frequent, the survey area appears to be only a part of a much larger home range for this humpback dolphin population. The observation of multiple threats derived from anthropogenic activities increases our concerns regarding the conservation of this important dolphin population.
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Nadia, Dhini, and Suning Suning. "STUDI PENATAAN SARANA PRASARANA TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN (TPI) JUANDA BERBASIS CLUSTER." WAKTU: Jurnal Teknik UNIPA 12, no. 2 (July 9, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/waktu.v12i2.863.
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Coastal and marine areas is one of the natural resources that have the nature of a complex, dynamic, and unique because of the influence of the two ecosystems, the oceans andterrestrial ecosystems. Sidoarjo has great potential in the development of the fisheries sector, onein the District Sedati, Gisik Cemandi village. Cemandi Gisik village has the potential local-scalefish auction place. The purpose of the study is to identify the Fish Auction Infrastructures Juanda,and create a concept of structuring infrastructure cluster-based TPI. The method used isdescriptive qualitative method and arrangement of the design concept. Analytical techniques usedwere interviews and observation techniques in the study area. The analysis showed that thearrangement of the TPI-based cluster, can be carried out if the following Regulation of MaritimeFisheries and Affairs 10 / MEN / 2004, relating to facilities and infrastructure. Existing facilities andinfrastructure in the corresponding Regulation of the Minister of Marine Fisheries and Affairs ofIndonesia No. 10 / MEN / 2004 include boat docks, fishing boats, places of worship and toilet,while the infrastructure is not in accordance with the regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairsand Fisheries 10 / MEN / 2004 include building TPI, TPI management office, and fishing gear.Thus, TPI infrastructure that is in conformity with the Regulation of the Minister of Marine Fisheriesand Affairs of Indonesia No. 10 / MEN / 2004 keep being maintained and adjusted in accordancewith the design concept of the arrangement of this research.
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Pyrchla, Krzysztof, Arkadiusz Tomczak, Grzegorz Zaniewicz, Jerzy Pyrchla, and Paulina Kowalska. "Analysis of the Dynamic Height Distribution at the Estuary of the Odra River Based on Gravimetric Measurements Acquired with the Use of a Light Survey Boat—A Case Study." Sensors 20, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 6044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216044.
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This article presents possible applications of a dynamic gravity meter (MGS-6, Micro-g LaCoste) for determining the dynamic height along the Odra River, in northwest Poland. The gravity measurement campaign described in this article was conducted on a small, hybrid-powered survey vessel (overall length: 9.5 m). We discuss a method for processing the results of gravimetric measurements performed on a mobile platform affected by strong external disturbances. Because measurement noise in most cases consists of signals caused by non-ideal observation conditions, careful attempts were made to analyze and eliminate the noise. Two different data processing strategies were implemented, one for a 20 Hz gravity data stream and another for a 1 Hz data stream. A comparison of the achieved results is presented. A height reference level, consistent for the entire estuary, is critical for the construction of a safe waterway system, including 3D navigation with the dynamic estimation of under-keel clearance on the Odra and other Polish rivers. The campaign was conducted in an area where the accuracy of measurements (levelling and gravimetric) is of key importance for shipping safety. The shores in the presented area of interest are swampy, so watercraft-based measurements are preferred. The method described in the article can be successfully applied to measurements in all near-zero-depth areas.
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Nurramadhani, Annisa. "ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ STEM LITERACY BASED ON GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SCIENCE LEARNING." JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) 4, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v4i1.1903.
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STEM literacy can be defined as an ability to identify, apply, and to integrate the concept of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics to innovate and solve the complex problem. Especially in science learning that approached by the strategies like STEM. Because this revolution industry 4.0 era, students are demand to workface in integrate to their living life. So, they are asked can solved the problem properly, giving the solution for global problem wisely. In the process of learning science with project, somehow students show their own performance. The results of project-based learning pointing the different result of performing based on gender differences. The method that is used is descriptive. The subject in this research is the student’s preservice teacher of science and biology education study program for about 21 students with 4 boys and 17 girls in the second semester of the freshmen. The research is conducted in basic physic laboratory. The laboratory activity is using STEM approach with project. The students are divided into 4 groups and each group consist of boy’s students. The research instrument to take the data that is used are observation sheet for student’s performance in laboratory activity and questionnaire of students for their laboratory activity per-aspect that describes their competences in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The technique to take the data that is used in this research are video recording, observation, and informal interview. The results are student’s STEM literacy has different score based on the gender differences. In the first project, sailor boat, boys reach the higher percentages in aspect science, engineering, and technology, while girls reach the higher percentages in science and technology. The second project, let’s fun with music, boys reach the higher percentages in aspect science, engineering, and technology, while girls reach the higher percentages in science and engineering. In both of project, boys and girls reach the lowest percentages in mathematics aspect. But, in whole score boys has reached higher than girls. It can be concluded that boys are outperformed than girls in STEM literacy in science learning especially in basic physics laboratory activity.
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Mahulette, Thomas, and Andarias Steward Samusamu. "MAPPING THE POTENTIAL OF MARINE LIVING RESOURCES IN OUTER ISLAND OF SOUTHWEST MOLUCCAS." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.26.1.2020.19-32.
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Southwest Moluccas or Maluku Barat Daya (MBD) District is one of the small islands located in the southeastern part of outer ring of Indonesian Archipelagic States. There are 17 sub districts covering 48 islands lie scattered in the region in which 31 islands among them were not inhabited. The island has a total population of about 72.300, while 4.069 (5.6 %) are fisherman. The annual fish production in 2017 was reported at 8,971 tons consists of: small pelagic fish (48%), demersal (37%), and large pelagic (15%). The coastal ecosystems include of coral reefs (595 Ha), mangrove (7.8 Ha), and sea grass (57 Ha). Seaweed harvesting and cultivation are ones that would be developed as an alternate livelihood for the community. The goal of this research was to describe a general situation of community livelihood that supported by the role of marine fisheries. The general description of fishing boat and fishing gear, annual production, distribution of fisherman and household around the islands were discussed. The fisheries category were small scale within about one day fishing. The environmental parameters such as monthly air temperature, rainfall and wind speed were plotted as supporting information. The population distribution and fisherman were also used as a base line parameter to elaborate the potential of marine living resource in the interested area. Those resources were described with existing small scale fisheries issues based on limited serial data that gathered through field observation. The secondary data such as Mollucas Southwest District (MBD) annual data from the Local Statistical Board (BPS) annual report were also used in this paper.
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Gore, Mauvis, Lotte Abels, Shane Wasik, Luke Saddler, and Rupert Ormond. "Are close-following and breaching behaviours by basking sharks at aggregation sites related to courtship?" Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 99, no. 3 (June 21, 2018): 681–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315418000383.
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Basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus tend to aggregate in summer at favoured locations along Britain and Ireland's west coast. Sharks have been described approaching and close-following one another, often to one side. This has been interpreted as putative pre-mating behaviour. At aggregation sites around the Inner Hebrides we used boat-based observation and in-water and overhead drone video-photography to document behaviour and to determine the sex of individuals. It was confirmed that a shark will frequently move purposely towards another from a distance and swim to maintain a position either directly behind or closely to one side of a conspecific for short periods. Contrary to expectation, we found no relationship between the sex of a shark or its size and close-following. This suggests that following behaviours are not mainly related to courtship. Further, abrasions on the nose suspected to be related to male behaviour were found to occur on both sexes, although abrasions on pectoral fins, similarly suggestive of mating-related behaviour, were predominantly on females. Breaching by basking sharks has also been proposed as a means of attracting the opposite sex. We observed breaching by solitary sharks but commonly by sharks within aggregations, and at other times by more than one shark on the same day at the same time; but there was not any clear evidence to indicate that breaching is primarily related to mating. More likely individuals show close following chiefly for feeding-related hydrodynamic advantage. It remains plausible however that mature sharks make use of feeding aggregations to initiate pre-courtship behaviour.
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Kurniati, Kurniati, Andi Rasyid Pananrangi, and Syamsul Bahri. "PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MEWUJUDKAN E-KTP DI KECAMATAN KEPULAUAN SANGKARANG KOTA MAKASSAR." Jurnal Paradigma Administrasi Negara 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35965/jpan.v3i1.610.
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Tujuan penelitian dengan maksud menggambarkan dan menginterprestasikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan partsipasi masyarakat dalam mewujudkan e-KTP di kecamatan Kepulauan Sangkarrang. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, penelusuran data online, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara cermat sesuai dengan metode penelitian ilmiah berdasarkan konsep analisis data yang digunakan pada metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanProses pengurusan pembuatan e-KTP di kecamatan Kepulauan Sangkarrang kota Makassar dilakukan dengan berdasar kepada beberapa indikator. Para pegawai sebagai implementator melaksanakannya dalam tiga konsep yaitu landasan hukum, sosialisasi, dan pendanaan. Secara garis besar ketiga hal tersebut berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua proses tersebut berjalan dengan baik dan tidak terdapat kendala yang berarti kecuali pendanaan. Sementara itu faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembuatan e-KTP di kecamatan Kepulauan Sangkarrang yang berdampak kepada partsipasi masyarakat adalah komunikasi, sumber daya, sarana dan prasarana dan kondisi geografis. Pada kegiatan komunikasi antara pemerintah sebagai penyelenggara dengan masyarakat yang ada di kecamatan Kepulauan Sangkarrang sudah dilakukan dengan baik. Hal yang sama juga dengan ketersediaan sumber daya dimana berada pada posisi yang cukup baik. Sementara itu yang cukup berpengaruh dalam mewujudkan partisipasi masyarakat yang ada di kecamatan Kepulauan Sangkarrang dalam pembuatan e-KTP adalah persoalan sarana dan prasarana serta kondisi geografis. Persoalan sarana dan prasarana dalam hal ini adalah jaringan listrik dan internet yang sering bermasalah bahkan di kecamatan ini, jaringan listrik untuk umum hanya dinyalakan pada malam hari. Sementara itu kondisi geografis daerah ini yang dibatasi laut antara pulau yang satu dengan pulau lainnya yang sangat berpengaruh. Hal ini dikarenakan transportasi mereka ketika akan mengurus ke kantor kecamatan menggunakan perahu atau kapal nelayan, yang sewaktu-waktu jika cuaca kurang bagus sangat berisiko. The aim of this research is to describe and interpret those related to community participation in realizing e-KTP in Sangkarrang Islands district. The data were obtained by using data analysis techniques by means of observation, interviews, literature study, online data search, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study was carried out carefully with scientific research methods based on the concept of data analysis used in qualitative research methods. The results showed that the process of making e-KTP in the Sangkarrang Islands district, Makassar city was carried out based on several indicators. The employees as implementers carry it out in three basic concepts, which are law, socialization, and concerts. Broadly speaking, the three things are based on the results of the research showing that all these processes are running well and nothing is excluded. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the making of e-KTPs in the Sangkarrang Islands district that have an impact on community participation are communication, resources, facilities and geographical conditions. Communication activities between the government as the organizer and the people in the Sangkarrang Islands district have been carried out well. This is also same as the resources which are in a fairly good position. Meanwhile, what is influential in realizing community participation in the Sangkarrang Islands district in making e-KTP is the problem of facilities and infrastructure as well as geographical conditions. The problem of facilities and infrastructure in this case is the electricity and internet networks which are often problematic. Even in this district, the public electricity network is only turned on at night. Meanwhile, the geographical conditions of this area limited between one island and another are very influential. This is because their transportation when they go to the district office is by boat or fishing boat, which sometimes when the weather is not good is very risky
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Widodo, Agustinus Anung, and Mahiswara Mahiswara. "CATCH RATE AND CATCH COMPOSITION OF FISH TRAWL BASED IN SIBOLGA, NORTH SUMATERA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 17, no. 2 (February 9, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.17.2.2011.63-73.
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To obtain data and information of fish trawl fishery performance operated in the Indian Ocean, a research was carried out through observation on board by observers as well as port sampling inSibolga Fishing Port by enumerators in September 2007, with the aimed to study the performance fish trawl fishery. These include fleet structure, trawl net design and construction, catch, fishing trip, fishing ground, and fishing operation. Results of research showed that there were 71 registered fish trawlers in Sibolga Fishing Port and only 25 boats active due to increasing of fuel price. The fleet structure of fish trawler consist of boat with size 31-114 GT which can be classified into 3 categories i.e. small(<60 GT), medium (60-150 GT), and large fish trawler (>150 GT). Design and construction of fish trawl net indicated that fish trawl net operates in the Indian Ocean was high opening trawl with head and ground rope of 27.8-41.5 m and 29,7-45.8 m, respectively. Fishing trip generally 10-12 days with effective days 7-9 days per trip and the number of net setting was 5-6 times each day. The fishing grounds of fish trawl based in Sibolga were the coastal waters area with maximum depth of 91 m. At least 40 species of fishes and shrimps identified during research and dominant fish species was ponyfish (Leiognathus spp.) threadfin bream (Nemipterus spp.), tall fin goatfish (Upeneus spp.), seacatfish (Arius sp.) as well as yellow striped goatfish (Upeneus vitattus). The average of catch of fish trawler fleet in the year of 2007 was 249.3 kg/haul and that number seems smaller than average of catch/haul previous years. This situation indicates that decreasing of catch per haul of fish trawlers based in Sibolga continues occurring and in other hand price of fuel raises significantly so that big fish trawlers size 150 GT with engine power more than 600 HP are not able to continue their fishing operation.
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Prayitno, Budi. "Sustainable Customized Consolidation Design of Kuin Riverside Kampong Regeneration in Banjarmasin, Indonesia." SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184107001.
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On the one hand, the hyper-urbanization phenomenon gives numerous advancements in urban living quality, yet on the other hand, it also raises an equal amount of problems. Environmental issues come in the form of density issues, the existence of slums, floods, social inequality, and urban architectural identity. As a city with “City of a Thousand Rivers” as its brand, Banjarmasin now faces a shift in an urban architectural image from a river based city to a land-based city due to the rapid land-based infrastructure development. This resulted in the degradation of environmental and architectural quality of river-based village (kampong) settlement, the main component of Banjarmasin river front city, due to a strong paradigm shift. Kuin, a river side residential area/riverside tourist destination that is currently experiencing a degradation of environmental quality and place identity, is undergoing an urban renewal. Unfortunately, the policy approaches to urban planning that has been implemented are based on general formal guidelines; guidelines which do not take the informal nature of kampong river-side settlements, due to the lack of guidelines based on riverside place identity. This paper aims to explore the characteristics of riverside settlement using architectural image observation method, space syntax method for analyzing settlement configuration genotype, connectivity, interface and interlink territory integration, as well as questionnaire and interview methods to assess the perceptions of residents and municipal authorities. From the results of this research, five compositions forms have been identified: attachment to riverside settlement identity in the form of pilling, spanning, floating, embracing, and ascending with elements such as waterfront alleys, jukung (traditional boat), lanting (floating houses) as well as floating traditional markets that serves as the frame to the configuration. The identification process is done by using the approach of observing the spaceuse appropriation and the space-user perception on how to consider its sustainability aspect as a means to determine a level of adjustment. The result shows that self organized and self customized kampong residents and tourist are aware towards the river environment, the assets of local floating markets as well as the local social space. On the other hand, municipal authorities gave more attention to formal normative and regulative aspects. This analysis is used as the basis for recommendations for kampong riverside settlement design consolidation, which is done through guided participatory design workshops. The result of this study is constructed as a concept for urban riverfront composition architecture, amphibious space territory, and urban riverfront settlement identity and expected to be able to further advance the knowledge surrounding the subject of urbanism and territoriality.
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Amiruddin, Suwaib. "JARINGAN SOSIAL PEMASARAN PADA KOMUNITAS NELAYAN TRADISIONAL BANTEN." KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 6, no. 1 (June 12, 2014): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v6i1.2949.
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Nelayan tradisional memiliki karakteristik ketergantungan terhadap kondisi alam dan hasil tangkapan yang diperoleh. Selain itu ketergantungan terjadi pula pada aspek permodalan dan jaringan sosial pemasaran. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi karakteristik nelayan tradisional, proses dan jaringan sosial pemasaran antar kelompok dan jaringan sosial pemasaran melalui Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Informan penelitian adalah pemilik modal, pemilik perahu, nelayan, petugas TPI. Hasil penelitiannya adalah bahwa karakteristik komunitas nelayan tradisional di Lontar melakukan kegiatan penangkapan ikan berdasarkan pada jenis alat tangkap yang dimiliki terdiri dari rejung, jaring insang, ikan karang, rakek (kerang) kapasitas mesin perahu adalah 15-17pk. Jangkauan jarak melaut hanya berkisar 3-4 mill, jarak tempuh sekitar 1-2 jam untuk menjangkau lokasi penangkapan. Bagi nelayan yang memperoleh permodalan untuk melaut melalui langgan, maka pemasaran dikuasai oleh langgan, serta penentuan harga dan pemasaran semuanya dikendalikan oleh langgan. Sedangkan nelayan yang tidak memiliki ikatan pada langgan, maka jaringan sosial pemasaran hasil tangkapan dilakukan secara langsung melalui TPI Lontar. Transaksi di pelelangan, dilakukan mekanisme pengelompokan jenis dan ukuran ikan, dan kemudian diadakan penawaran harga secara terbuka dan disesuaikan dengan harga di pasaran.Traditional fisherman rely on seasonal condition when they do fishing, their fishing product, their capital, and social network marketing.The study aimed to investigate the characteristic of traditional fisherman. Their social system and their marketing strategies. It was a qualitative study using partisipative observation, in-depth interview, and documentation technique. The subjects of the study were capital owner, boat owner, fisherman, and officer of fish auction. The study showed that traditional fisherman community in Lontar did its fishing based on fishing equipment which consisted of rejung, net, reef fish, and clam.The boats capacity were about 15-17 pk, with 3-4 miles distance and 1-2 hours journey to fishing location. Traditional fishermen were highly depent on capital owner (langgan) whom they got the capital from and they gave the fishing products to. Moreover, langgan decided the price and fish marketting. Some of traditional fishermen could directly sold their fishing products themselves because they had their own capital. The fisherman community sold their fishing products in fish auction, which price was determinied by the kinds and sizes of the fishes.
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Rini, Rini, Isdradjat Setyobudiandi, and Mukhlis Kamal. "Kajian Kesesuaian, Daya Dukung dan Aktivitas Ekowisata di Kawasan Mangrove Lantebung Kota Makassar." Jurnal Pariwisata 5, no. 1 (April 17, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31311/par.v5i1.3179.
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ABSTRAK
Kawasan ekosistem mangrove Lantebung merupakan contoh kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove yang cukup berhasil sejak tahun 2010 hingga sekarang. Kini, ekowisata mangrove akan dikembangkan sebagai bentuk pengelolaan yang tepat untuk menjamin keberlanjutan konservasi dan rehabilitasi sekaligus mendorong ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Sehingga, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung indeks kesesuaian wisata, menghitung daya dukung kawasan dan mengidentifikasi kegiatan ekowisata yang dapat dilakukan di dalam kawasan. Perhitungan indeks kesesuaian kawasan menggunakan rumus IKW = [∑Ni/Nmaks] x 100%, perhitungan daya dukung kawasan dengan menggunakan rumus DDK = K x [Lp/Lt] x [Wt/Wp] dan identifikasi kegiatan ekowisata dilakukan dengan identifikasi visual dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan mangrove Lantebung sesuai (S) untuk kegiatan wisata dengan nilai kesesuaian sebesar 66,67%. Panjang kawasan yang dapat dimanfaatkan 2 km atau seluas 12 ha dan daya dukung sebesar 182 orang/hari (buka 8 jam/hari), jika berdasarkan pada jam buka pengelola (12 jam/hari) maka daya dukungnya menjadi 274 orang/hari. Untuk jenis kegiatan wisata yang dapat dilakukan berjumlah 7 kegiatan, yaitu fotografi (photography), tracking, pengamatan satwa burung (bird watching), pengamatan mangrove (education), pembibitan (education), wisata perahu (boating) dan menikmati suasana matahari tenggelam.
Kata kunci: daya dukung kawasan, ekowisata mangrove, indeks kesesuaian wisata, Lantebung
ABSTRACT
Ecosystem mangrove of Lantebung is an example of mangrove rehabilitation area which is quite successful since 2010 until now. Now, mangrove ecotourism will be developed as an appropriate form of management to ensure the sustainability of conservation and rehabilitation while driving the economy of local communities. Thus, purposes of this study are to calculate the tourist suitability index, calculate the carrying capacity and to identify of ecotourism activities that can be done within the area. The calculation of suitability index using the formula IKW = [ΣNi / Nmaks] x 100%, calculation of carrying capacity using DDK = K x [Lp / Lt] x [Wt / Wp] and identification of ecotourism activities conducted with visual identification and interview. The results showed that the suitable mangrove area of Lantebung is suitable (S) for tourism activities with a value of suitability of 66.67%. The length of the area can be used 2 km or 12 ha and its carrying capacity is 190 persons/day (open 8 hours/day), if based on the management hours (12 hours/day) then its carrying capacity is 286 persons/day. Type of ecotourism activities that can be done totaling 7 activities, namely photography, tracking, bird watching, mangrove observation (education), seeds nursery (education), boat tours and enjoy the sunset.
Keywords: carrying capacity, mangrove ecotourism, tourism suitability index, Lantebung
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Li, Xiaoen, Yang Xiao, Fenzhen Su, Wenzhou Wu, and Liang Zhou. "AIS and VBD Data Fusion for Marine Fishing Intensity Mapping and Analysis in the Northern Part of the South China Sea." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10050277.
Full textAbstract:
For the sustainable development of marine fishery resources, it is essential to comprehensively, accurately, and objectively obtain the spatial characteristics and evolution law of fishing intensity. However, previous studies have focused more on the use of single data sources, such as AIS (Automatic Information System) and VBD (VIIRS boat detection), to obtain fishing intensity information and, as such, have encountered some problems, such as insufficient comprehensive data coverage for ships, non-uniform spatial distribution of data signal acquisition, and insufficient accuracy in obtaining fishing intensity information. The development of big data and remote sensing Earth observation technology has provided abundant data sources and technical support for the acquisition of fishing intensity data for marine fisheries. Based on this situation, this paper proposes a framework that integrates the data of fishing vessels from two sources (AIS, with high space-time granularity, and VBD, with short revisit cycle and high sensitivity), in order to obtain such information based on closely matching and fusing the vector point data of ship positions. With the help of this framework and the strategy of indirectly representing fishing intensity by data point density after fusion, the spatial characteristics and rules of fishing intensity in typical seasons (February, April, September, and November) in the northern South China Sea in 2018 were systematically analyzed and investigated. The results revealed the following: (1) Matching and fusing AIS and VBD data can provide a better perspective to produce robust and accurate marine fishery intensity data. The two types of data have a low proximity match rate (approximately 1.89% and 6.73% of their respective inputs) and the matching success for fishing vessels in the data was 49.42%. (2) Single AIS data can be used for nearshore (50 to 70 km) marine fishery analysis research, while VBD data reflect the objective marine fishing in space, showing obvious complementarity with AIS. (3) The fishing intensity grid data obtained from the integrated data show that high-intensity fishing in the study area was concentrated in the coastal area of Maoming City, Guangdong (0–50 km); the coastal area of Guangxi Beihai (10–70 km); around Hainan Island in Zhangzhou (10–30 km); and the Sanya nearshore area (0–50 km). However, it did not decay with increasing offshore distance, such as at the Trans-Vietnamese boundary in the Beibu Gulf, near the China–Vietnam Common Fisheries Area (50 km) and high-intensity fishing areas. (4) The obtained fishing intensity data (AIS, VBD, and AIS + VBD) were quantitatively analyzed, showing that the CV (Coefficient of Variation) of the average for each month (after fusing the two types of data) was 0.995, indicating that the distribution of the combined data was better than that before fusion (before fusion: AIS = 0.879, VBD = 1.642). Therefore, the integration of AIS and VBD can meet the need for a more effective, comprehensive, and accurate fishing intensity analysis in marine fishery resources.