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Vargas, Deisi Maria, Samantha Karoline Kleis, Nara Rúbia dos Santos Lehmkuhl, Clovis Arlindo de Sousa, and Luciane Coutinho de Azevedo. "PREDICTORS OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN ADOLESCENTS WITH EXCESS WEIGHT." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 6 (December 2020): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202606160524.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is characterized as a phase of intense development of the skeletal system. Maximizing bone mass acquisition during adolescence may reduce the risk of bone fractures later in life. Objectives: To analyze bone mineral density (BMD) and its relation to nutritional status and serum vitamin D in adolescents with excess weight. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study. Data from 102 adolescents with excess weight, of both sexes, were analyzed. The following indices were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), intake of micronutrients (vitamin D, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus), serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D concentration, BMD of the proximal femur, lumbar spine (L1-L4) and total body, % body fat mass (% BFM), total BFM, total body lean mass (BLM), body fat mass (BFMI) and lean mass (BLMI). Results: The male adolescents (n=53) had higher values for weight, height, AC, BLM and BLMI, while the females (n=49) had higher % BFM. The majority were obese (53.9%) and had a BMD within the normal range for all evaluation sites. Of the 84 adolescents (n=84) with laboratory examination of 25OHD, 33.3% presented values considered insufficient or deficient. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the most important independent predictor of BMD for the girls was BLMI, regardless the evaluation site. For boys, in addition to BLMI, BMI-Z of the proximal femur (neck of the femur and total) was also was a determinant variable for BMD. Conclusion: In this sample of adolescents, BLMI was a positive predictor of BMD in both sexes; and BMI-Z was a positive predictor only in proximal femur in the boys. Level of evidence II; Prognostic studies.
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Tomlinson, David, Robert Erskine, Christopher Morse, and Gladys Onambélé. "Body Fat Percentage, Body Mass Index, Fat Mass Index and the Ageing Bone: Their Singular and Combined Roles Linked to Physical Activity and Diet." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010195.
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This study took a multi-analytical approach including group differences, correlations and unit-weighed directional z-score comparisons to identify the key mediators of bone health. A total of 190 participants (18–80 years) were categorized by body fat%, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI) to examine the effect of differing obesity criteria on bone characteristics. A subset of 50 healthy-eating middle-to-older aged adults (44–80 years) was randomly selected to examine any added impact of lifestyle and inflammatory profiles. Diet was assessed using a 3-day food diary, bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar, thoracic, (upper and lower) appendicular and pelvic areas. Physical activity was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire, and endocrine profiling was assessed using multiplex luminometry. Obesity, classed via BMI, positively affected 20 out of 22 BMC- and BMD-related outcome measures, whereas FMI was associated with 14 outcome measures and adiposity only modulated nine out of 22 BMC- and BMD-related outcome measures. Whilst bivariate correlations only linked vitamin A and relative protein intake with BMD, the Z-score composite summary presented a significantly different overall dietary quality between healthy and osteopenic individuals. In addition, bivariate correlations from the subset revealed daily energy intake, sport-based physical activity and BMI positive mediators of seven out of 10 BMD sites with age and body fat% shown to be negative mediators of bone characteristics. In conclusion, whilst BMI is a good indicator of bone characteristics, high body fat% should also be the focus of osteoporosis risk with ageing. Interestingly, high BMI in conjunction with moderate to vigorous activity supplemented with an optimal diet (quality and quantity) are identified as positive modulators of bone heath.
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Hudzik, Bartosz, Justyna Nowak, Janusz Szkodzinski, Aleksander Danikiewicz, Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta, and Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska. "Discordance between Body-Mass Index and Body Adiposity Index in the Classification of Weight Status of Elderly Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 5 (March 1, 2021): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10050943.
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Background and Aims: Body-mass index (BMI) is a popular method implemented to define weight status. However, describing obesity by BMI may result in inaccurate assessment of adiposity. The Body Adiposity Index (BAI) is intended to be a directly validated method of estimating body fat percentage. We set out to compare body weight status assessment by BMI and BAI in a cohort of elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 169 patients with stable CAD were enrolled in an out-patient cardiology clinic. The National Research Council (US) Committee on Diet and Health classification was used for individuals older than 65 years as underweight BMI < 24 kg/m2, normal weight BMI 24–29 kg/m2, overweight BMI 29–35 kg/m2, and obesity BMI > 35 kg/m2. In case of BAI, we used sex- and age-specific classification of weight status. In addition, body fat was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BImpA). Results: Only 72 out of 169 patients (42.6%) had concordant classification of weight status by both BMI and BAI. The majority of the patients had their weight status either underestimated or overestimated. There were strong positive correlations between BMI and BImpA (FAT%) (R = 0.78 p < 0.001); BAI and BImpA (FAT%) (R = 0.79 p < 0.001); and BMI and BAI (R = 0.67 p < 0.001). BMI tended to overestimate the rate of underweight, normal weight or overweight, meanwhile underestimating the rate of obesity. Third, BMI exhibited an average positive bias of 14.4% compared to the reference method (BImpA), whereas BAI exhibited an average negative bias of −8.3% compared to the reference method (BImpA). Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of discordance in assessing weight status by BMI and BAI: BImpA (FAT%) odds ratio (OR) 1.29, total body water (%) OR 1.61, fat mass index OR 2.62, and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score OR 1.25. Conclusions: There is substantial rate of misclassification of weight status between BMI and BAI. These findings have significant implications for clinical practice as the boundary between health and disease in malnutrition is crucial to accurately define criteria for intervention. Perhaps BMI cut-offs for classifying weight status in the elderly should be revisited.
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Morelli, V., S. Palmieri, A. S. Salcuni, C. Eller-Vainicher, E. Cairoli, V. Zhukouskaya, A. Scillitani, P. Beck-Peccoz, and I. Chiodini. "Bilateral and unilateral adrenal incidentalomas: biochemical and clinical characteristics." European Journal of Endocrinology 168, no. 2 (February 2013): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0777.
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ObjectiveThe possible different prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidaemia (DL) and vertebral fractures (FX) between patients with bilateral and unilateral adrenal incidentalomas (BAI and UAI, respectively) with and without subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) is unknown. In this study we compared the prevalence of AH, T2DM, DL and FX in BAI and UAI patients in relation to SH.DesignProspective study.MethodsIn 175 UAI and 38 BAI patients, we evaluated BMI, spinal and femoral bone mineral density (LS and FN BMD, respectively) and the presence of AH, T2DM, DL and FX. SH was diagnosed in the presence of ≥2 of the following: urinary free cortisol levels >193 nmol/24 h, serum cortisol levels after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test >83 nmol/l or ACTH levels <2.2 pmol/l.ResultsAge, BMI and cortisol secretion were comparable, while FN BMD was lower in BAI than in UAI patients (−0.45±0.86 vs 0.09±1.07, P=0.004). The prevalence of SH, AH, T2DM, and DL was comparable, while the prevalence of FX was higher in BAI than in UAI (52.6 vs 28%, P=0.007). The presence of FX was associated with BAI (odds ratio (OR) 2.6, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2–5.6, P=0.016), after adjusting for SH (OR 1.77, 95% CI 0.85–3.7, P=0.12), BMI (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98–1.13, P=0.1), age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.11, P=0.0001) and LS BMD (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.03–1.67, P=0.03).ConclusionBAI patients have an increased FX risk than UAI ones. Further studies should investigate the causes of bone involvement in BAI patients.
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Salamat, Mohammad Reza, Amir Hossein Salamat, Iraj Abedi, and Mohsen Janghorbani. "Relationship between Weight, Body Mass Index, and Bone Mineral Density in Men Referred for Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in Isfahan, Iran." Journal of Osteoporosis 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/205963.
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Objective.Although several studies have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD), the results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between BMI, weight and BMD in an Iranian men population.Methods.A total of 230 men 50-79 years old were examined. All men underwent a standard BMD scans of hip (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, and femoral shaft) and lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) using a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan and examination of body size. Participants were categorised in two BMI group: normal weight <25.0 kg/m2and overweight and obese, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.Results.Compared to men with BMI ≥ 25, the age-adjusted odds ratio of osteopenia was 2.2 (95% CI 0.85, 5.93) and for osteoporosis was 4.4 (1.51, 12.87) for men with BMI < 25. It was noted that BMI and weight was associated with a high BMD, compatible with a diagnosis of osteoporosis.Conclusions.These data indicate that both BMI and weight are associated with BMD of hip and vertebrae and overweight and obesity decreased the risk for osteoporosis. The results of this study highlight the need for osteoporosis prevention strategies in elderly men as well as postmenopausal women.
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Verma, Nidhi, Priya Gupta, Amod Kumar Saroj, Preeti Singh, and Veer Karuna. "A comparative evaluation of bone marrow biopsy and bone marrow aspiration in different haematological condition with special reference to leukaemia and lymphoma." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 2886. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203432.
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Background: For diagnosis of haematological disorders there are three modalities to examine bone marrow, bone marrow aspiration cytology (BMA), bone marrow imprint (BMI) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB). BMA gives cytological picture; BMI also gives cytological picture but cells are less in number and BMB gives cytological as well as architectural picture. BMA alone may not be sufficient to reach diagnosis therefore the present study was undertaken to compare the above modalities. The study was conducted with the aim to perform cytomorphological evaluation of bone marrow in various haematological disorders with special reference to leukaemia and lymphoma and to compare bone marrow aspiration smears with bone marrow trephine biopsy.Methods: The present study was conducted in department of pathology, LLRM Medical College, Meerut inpatients attending the outpatient department and in-patient department of pediatrics and medicine of SVBP Hospital attached to LLRM Medical College, Meerut, over a period of one year i.e. from March 2018 to May 2019. A detailed clinical history, physical examination and laboratory examination of all the cases was done.Results: Out of 50 cases, maximum number of cases were of anemia 26/50 (52%) followed by leukemia 17/50 (34%), lymphoma 5/50 (10%), multiple myeloma 1/50 (2%), myelofibrosis 1/50 (2%), leishmaniasis 1/50 (2%) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 1/50(2%). BMA smears were compared with biopsy and concordance and discordance was established. The overall diagnostic accuracy of aspiration was 94%.Conclusions: Bone marrow examination is a safe, quick easy and cost-effective procedure with very less patient discomfort. BMA shows better cellular details when compared to BMI and BMB. BMB is diagnostic investigation in dry tap cases like aplastic anemia, myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome and metastatic tumors. In present study, concordance between BMA and BMB was seen in majority of the cases and diagnostic accuracy was 94% study concludes that bone marrow aspiration cytology and trephine biopsy complement each other and should be performed simultaneously for complete bone marrow work up and evaluation.
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Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga, Magdalena Chełchowska, Joanna Mazur, Grażyna Rowicka, and Joanna Gajewska. "Relationships between Body Weight Status and Serum Levels of Adipokine, Myokine and Bone Metabolism Parameters in Healthy Normal Weight and Thin Children." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 11, 2022): 4013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144013.
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Optimal body weight and body composition for age are relevant to child development and healthy life. Changes in lean mass and fat mass as well as its distribution are associated with alterations in the secretion of myokines and adipokines by muscle and adipose tissues. These factors are very important for bone health. The aim of the study was to assess serum leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin and omentin as adipokines and myostatin and irisin as myokines with regard to their associations with bone parameters in healthy normal weight and thin children. We studied 81 healthy prepubertal children (aged 5 to 9 years) divided into three groups: group A—35 children with a BMI z-score between +1 and −1 SD; group B—36 children with a BMI z-score between −1 and −2 SD; and group C—10 thin children with a BMI z-score of <−2 SD. We observed significantly (p < 0.001) lower fat mass, fat/lean mass ratio and bone mineral density (BMD) across weight status with the lowest values in the group of thin children. We noticed significantly (p < 0.05) lower concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, resistin and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin but higher levels of myostatin as the BMI z-score deceased. We found that BMI and leptin levels were directly correlated with fat mass, lean mass, bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD. Resistin levels were negatively associated with lean mass, while visfatin concentrations were positively related to total BMD. In healthy prepubertal children there were differences in body composition and in bone mineral density across decreasing BMI status. We suggest that changes in serum myostatin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may play a role in bone status of thin children. Moreover, significant relations between adipokines and bone parameters may confirm crosstalk between fat tissue and bone in these children.
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Goyal, Avani, and Veena Ganju Malla. "Relationship of body mass index with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an Indian perspective." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 4490. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194881.
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Background: Osteoporosis is a common health problem that affects postmenopausal females, leading to increased susceptibility to fractures. Body mass index (BMI) has been shown to be an important predictor of bone mineral density (BMD) with increased body weight correlating with positive influence on bone metabolism. Low BMI predisposes postmenopausal females to rapid bone loss and low bone mass, crucial in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. However, a specific BMI value chart to accurately predict osteoporosis remains to be fully established. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of BMI and BMD in postmenopausal Indian females.Methods: 90 healthy postmenopausal females with 1-5 years of menopause were enrolled in the study. Subjects were categorized according to their BMI into normal, overweight and obese. BMD was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan at L1-L4 vertebrae and femoral neck and expressed as T-scores. Quantitative variables were compared using ANOVA/Kruskal Wallis Test.Results: Bone mineral density was significantly higher in the obese group as compared to normal BMI group at both lumbar spine (p=0.001) and femoral neck (p=0.001). BMD at lumbar spine was lower than that at femoral neck across all the three groups of BMI.Conclusions: BMI and body weight are important factors affecting BMD. Postmenopausal females with low BMI are more likely to have osteopenia and osteoporosis and are thus at an increased risk of pathological fractures. Routine BMD monitoring in postmenopausal females with low BMI may be necessary to initiate early clinical interventions for osteoporosis.
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Brismar, T. B., and H. Ringertz. "Effect of Bone Density of the Head on Total Body Dexa Measurements in 100 Healthy Swedish Women." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 1P1 (January 1996): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960371p120.
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Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine the bone areal density of the head and how it varied in relation to the density of the rest of the skeleton, and with age, and body mass index (BMI). Our intention was to study the feasibility of excluding the head from the rest of the body, a method which might improve the fracture prediction power of bone mineral measurements. Material and Methods: Bone mineral per area (BMA) and bone mineral content (BMC) (g) were determined in 100 consecutive female volunteers, aged 17 to 78 years, with total and partial body measurements. Results: BMC of the head was found to be 20.2±2.2% of that for the total body. The BMA of the head was 2.38±0.21 times higher than that of the rest of the body. The correlation between the BMA of the head and the rest of the body was significant (r=0.73). The average change in z-score (referred to the same age group in our material) was 0.20 when the head was excluded from total body BMA. The BMA of a) total body, b) total body, head excluded, and c) head decreased with age. The BMA of the head was correlated to BMI in the older age groups (p<0.01). The relative statistical uncertainty for repeated measurement of head BMA was 1.8%. Conclusion: The change of the bone density of the head with age and BMI, in comparison to that of the rest of the skeleton, suggests that when the head is excluded from total body BMA better predictive value for fracture risk is obtained.
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Hofer, Th. "Body-mass-Index und Varizen." Phlebologie 34, no. 05 (2005): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1621568.
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Zusammenfassung Ziel: Body-mass-Index (BMI) eines Varizenkollektivs von Frauen und Männern im Vergleich mit der Bevölkerung. Beeinflusst der BMI Art oder Schweregrad der Varikosis bei Frauen? Patienten, Methode: Prospektiv wurden Patienten in die Studie aufgenommen, die zwischen Januar 2000 und April 2004 in Allgemeinanästhesie an ihren Varizen operiert werden. Gruppen von varizenchirurgisch nicht vorbehandelten Frauen mit einem BMI <20 und ≥30 kg/m2 bzw. <25 und ≥25 kg/m2 wurden verglichen. Ergebnisse: 470 Varizenpatienten (106 Männer, 364 Frauen, durchschnittliches Lebensalter 48,8 Jahre, durchschnittlicher BMI 24,5 kg/m2) zeigten folgende Verteilung (%) der BMI-Werte (kg/m2): <18,5 (3,6%); 18,5 bis <25 (56%); ≥25 bis <30 (29,4%); ≥30 (11%). 24,5% Frauen und 46,2% Männer mit BMI ≥25 bis <30 kg/m2, 10% Frauen und 15,1% Männer mit BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Die Gruppen von 38 Frauen mit BMI <20 kg/m2 (29 Frauen mit BMI ≥30 kg/m2) im Vergleich: Duchschnittsalter 42,3 Jahre (48,1); p=0,034; Durchschnittsgewicht 52,6 kg (91,2); Anteil Frauen mit Schwangerschaften 76,3% (82,2%); p=0,56; pathol. PPL 36,8% (41,4%); p=0,80; Durchschnitts-CEAP C 2,7 (C 3,0). 25 von 188 bzw. 27 von 101 Frauen mit BMI <25 bzw. ≥25 kg/m2 zeigen Varizen der V.s.m. acc. vom inguinalen Mündungstyp (ohne gleichzeitigen Reflux im gleichseitigen Magnastamm; p=0,006). Schlussfolgerung: Der BMI beim Varizenkollektiv unterscheidet sich nicht wesentlich von dem der schweizerischen Bevölkerung (Frauen: p=0,058; Männer: p=0,80) und zeigt keinen Zusammenhang mit der Varikosis. Varizenpatientinnen mit einem BMI ≥30 und <20 kg/m2 weisen in Bezug auf die hämodynamische Relevanz ihrer Varikosis keine Unterschiede auf. Patientinnen mit einem BMI <20 kg/m2 sind mit einem Duchschnittsalter von 42,3 Jahren signifikant jünger bei ihrer Operation. Varizen der V.s.m. acc. vom inguinalen Mündungstyp (ohne gleichzeitigen Reflux im gleichseitigen Magnastamm) treten bei Frauen mit BMI ≥25 kg/m2 signifikant häufiger auf als bei Frauen mit BMI <25 kg/m2.
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Nakajima, Reiko, Alison J. Moskowitz, Laure Michaud, Audrey Mauguen, Connie Lee Batlevi, Ahmet Dogan, and Heiko Schöder. "Baseline FDG-PET/CT detects bone marrow involvement in follicular lymphoma and provides relevant prognostic information." Blood Advances 4, no. 8 (April 28, 2020): 1812–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001579.
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Abstract In follicular lymphoma (FL), detection of bone marrow (BM) involvement (BMI) by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) improves the accuracy of staging vs BM biopsy (BMB) alone. Our objective was to determine the diagnostic utility of PET for BMI FL and the prognostic value of BMI by PET (positive PET result [PET+]). Records of patients (2002-2016) with PET and BMB at the time of initial treatment were reviewed. BMI was identified by positive BMB result (BMB+) and/or unifocal or multifocal BM FDG uptake on blindly reviewed PET scans with no corresponding CT abnormality (PET+). Among 261 patients, BMI was diagnosed in 78 patients (29.9%) by PET+, in 81 patients (31.0%) by BMB+, and in 113 patients (43.3%) by either PET+ or BMB+. PET+ upstaged 24 patients to stage IV, including 10 from stages I or II to stage IV. Median duration of follow-up was 6.0 years (range, 0-16.6 years). In univariate analysis, a high Follicular Lymphoma International Prognosis Index (FLIPI) score, PET+, and BMB+ correlated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS; all P ≤ .03), and high FLIPI, PET+, and combined PET+ and BMB+ with shorter overall survival (OS; all P ≤ .01). In multivariate analysis, PET+ was the only independent predictor of PFS, whereas high FLIPI score and PET+ predicted OS (P ≤ .03). Combined PET and BMB identify BMI more accurately than either BMB or PET alone, but BMB rarely adds critical information. For patients initiating treatment of FL, identification of BMI by PET is predictive of PFS and OS.
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Chowdhury, Biplob, and Brajanath Kundu. "Body Mass Index can be a Good Predictor of Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women in India." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v3i4.4703.
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Risk factors for the prediction of osteoporosis are an important and cost effective method since osteoporosis is a silent disease. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the associations between weight, body mass index (BMI), the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool (OST), and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women in India. In this cross sectional study, 90 postmenopausal women aged 45–85 years who had given consent participated and the study was conducted between April, 2012 and May, 2013. BMD was measured by ultrasound bone densitometry at calcaneal site. Linear regression multivariate models were used to examine the associations with weight, BMI, OST, and BMD. Body weight, BMI, and OST had almost similar overall performance in their ability to classify women with BMD T-score ≤−2.5. Regression results showed that the linear combination of three independent variables BMI, OST and body weight. BMI predicted 65.7% of the variance in BMD, <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = .657, <em>R</em><em><sup>2</sup></em><sup> </sup>adjusted = .609, (F=21.295, p<.000). The strongest predictor of low BMD was BMI. BMI showed significant association with BMD with a correlation of .846. Low weight and BMI predict osteoporosis and are associated with increased risks in postmenopausal women. The negative impact of low body weight on bone health should be more widely recognized.
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Chowdhury, Biplob, and Brajanath Kundu. "Body Mass Index can be a Good Predictor of Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women in India." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v3i4.4703.
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Risk factors for the prediction of osteoporosis are an important and cost effective method since osteoporosis is a silent disease. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the associations between weight, body mass index (BMI), the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool (OST), and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women in India. In this cross sectional study, 90 postmenopausal women aged 45–85 years who had given consent participated and the study was conducted between April, 2012 and May, 2013. BMD was measured by ultrasound bone densitometry at calcaneal site. Linear regression multivariate models were used to examine the associations with weight, BMI, OST, and BMD. Body weight, BMI, and OST had almost similar overall performance in their ability to classify women with BMD T-score ≤−2.5. Regression results showed that the linear combination of three independent variables BMI, OST and body weight. BMI predicted 65.7% of the variance in BMD, <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = .657, <em>R</em><em><sup>2</sup></em><sup> </sup>adjusted = .609, (F=21.295, p<.000). The strongest predictor of low BMD was BMI. BMI showed significant association with BMD with a correlation of .846. Low weight and BMI predict osteoporosis and are associated with increased risks in postmenopausal women. The negative impact of low body weight on bone health should be more widely recognized.
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Gojkovic, Zoran, Radmila Matijevic, Vladimir Harhaji, Branislava Ilincic, Ljubisa Barisic, Aleksandar Kupusinac, Mladen Radisic, and Srdjan Ninkovic. "Trends in bone mineral density among nutritional status categories of Vojvodina elderly population." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 148, no. 9-10 (2020): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh190718035g.
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Introduction/Objective. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is commonly associated with alterations of nutritional status. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of low BMD and its associated nutritional risk factors in Vojvodina population and to use linear regression equations to predict the BMD by using a simple marker of nutritional status, body mass index (BMI). Methods. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, the study population included subjects who were undergoing assessment of BMD between January and December 2017, and who have met the study inclusion criteria. A total of 1974 patients (1866 women and 108 men) were included in this analysis of nutritional status according to anthropometry and BMI index, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measurements of BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine. The relationship between BMI and BMD was analyzed by linear regression equation. Results. Median age was 63 (56?70) years. Considering nutritional status category, there were 40% overweight, 31% obese and 29% normal weight subjects. In most of the sample, the subjects had low BMD, 37% had osteopenia, and 25% had osteoporosis. In both bone areas we observed trends of lowering BMD as the subjects BMI decreased. Subjects with osteoporosis are more prone to BMI depended BMD changes, concerning subjects with osteopenia and normal BMD. In addition, normal weight subjects compared to overweight and obese had the highest prediction coefficients of BMI-depended changes on BMD. Conclusion. High prevalence of low BMD coexists with overweight and obese elderly females in Vojvodina. Prediction equations for the calculation of BMD can be used to evaluate the effect of BMI changes on BMD in clinical settings.
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Touyama, Hideaki. "(41) BMI and BCI." Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 63, no. 6 (2009): 772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.63.772.
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Fujisawa, Shoichiro, Minoru Fukumi, Jianting Cao, Yasue Mitsukura, and Shin-ichi Ito. "Special Issue on Brain Machine/Computer Interface and its Application." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 4 (August 20, 2020): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p0723.
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Brain machine/computer interface (BMI/BCI) technologies are based on analyzing brain activity to control machines and support the communication of commands and messages. To sense brain activities, a functional NIRS and electroencephalogram (EEG) that has been developed for that purpose is often employed. Analysis techniques and algorithms for the NIRS and EEG signals have also been created, and human support systems in the form of BMI/BCI applications have been developed. In the field of rehabilitation, BMI/BCI is used to control environment control systems and electric wheelchairs. In medicine, BMI/BCI is used to assist in communications for patient support. In industry, BMI/BCI is used to analyze sensibility and develop novel games. This special issue on Brain Machine/Computer Interface and its Application includes six interesting papers that cover the following topics: an EEG analysis method for human-wants detection, cognitive function using EEG analysis, auditory P300 detection, a wheelchair control BCI using SSVEP, a drone control BMI based on SSVEP that uses deep learning, and an improved CMAC model. We thank all authors and reviewers of the papers and the Editorial Board of Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics for its help with this special issue.
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Wen, Zhangxin, Yongfang Li, Lulu Xu, Chun Yue, Qinyi Wang, Rong Chen, Na Ding, et al. "Triglyceride Glucose–Body Mass Index Is a Reliable Indicator of Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Middle-Aged and Elderly Nondiabetic Chinese Individuals." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 5694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195694.
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(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of triglyceride glucose–body mass index (TyG-BMI) with bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck geometry, and risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. (2) Methods: A total of 832 nondiabetic individuals were selected from the prospective population-based HOPE cohort. All individuals underwent DXA for assessment of BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip, as well as femoral neck geometry. The 10-year probabilities of both major osteoporotic (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) were calculated. (3) Results: Cortical thickness, compression strength index, cross-sectional moment of inertia, cross-sectional area, section modulus, and 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in women (all p < 0.001). The presence of osteoporosis was related to age, BMI, BMD and femoral neck geometry, TyG-BMI, MOF, and HF. TyG-BMI was positively correlated with BMD. In men, TyG-BMI showed significant negative correlation with HF but not with MOF, the correlation exists only after adjusting for other variables in women. Femoral neck geometries were significantly impaired in individuals with low TyG-BMI. (4) Conclusion: TyG-BMI is positively associated with BMD and geometry, and negatively associated with risk of fracture in nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.
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Fernández-García, D., M. Rodríguez, J. García Alemán, J. M. García-Almeida, M. J. Picón, F. Fernández-Aranda, and F. J. Tinahones. "Thin healthy women have a similar low bone mass to women with anorexia nervosa." British Journal of Nutrition 102, no. 5 (September 14, 2009): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509274733.
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An association between anorexia nerviosa (AN) and low bone mass has been demonstrated. Bone loss associated with AN involves hormonal and nutritional impairments, though their exact contribution is not clearly established. We compared bone mass in AN patients with women of similar weight with no criteria for AN, and a third group of healthy, normal-weight, age-matched women. The study included forty-eight patients with AN, twenty-two healthy eumenorrhoeic women with low weight (LW group; BMI < 18·5 kg/m2) and twenty healthy women with BMI >18·5 kg/m2 (control group), all of similar age. We measured lean body mass, percentage fat mass, total bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density in lumbar spine (BMD LS) and in total (tBMD). We measured anthropometric parameters, leptin and growth hormone. The control group had greater tBMD and BMD LS than the other groups, with no differences between the AN and LW groups. No differences were found in tBMD, BMD LS and total BMC between the restrictive (n 25) and binge–purge type (n 23) in AN patients. In AN, minimum weight (P = 0·002) and percentage fat mass (P = 0·02) explained BMD LS variation (r2 0·48) and minimum weight (r2 0·42; P = 0·002) for tBMD in stepwise regression analyses. In the LW group, BMI explained BMD LS (r2 0·72; P = 0·01) and tBMD (r2 0·57; P = 0·04). We concluded that patients with AN had similar BMD to healthy thin women. Anthropometric parameters could contribute more significantly than oestrogen deficiency in the achievement of peak bone mass in AN patients.
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Fawzy, Tarek, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, Jayadevan Sreedharan, Amal Ahmed, Salma Obaid Saeed Alshamsi, Mariyam Saif Salim Humaid Bin Bader Al Ali, and Khawla Ahmed Al Balsooshi. "Association between Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Patients Referred for Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in Ajman, UAE." Journal of Osteoporosis 2011 (2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/876309.
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Body Mass Index (BMI) is a good indicator for measurements of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) which measures the density of minerals present in the bones using a special scan. This study was conducted to assess the association between BMI and status of BMD among 101 individuals who underwent Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. 39 subjects had normal and 62 had low bone mineral density. BMD was low in 82.4% of people with normal BMI, 78.1% among overweight, and 44.2% among obese. There was a statistically significant association between these two variables (). Low BMD was recorded in 59.1% of females and 76.9% of males. Association between advancing age and lower BMI is an important risk factor in the occurrence of low BMD.
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Jeon, Ji Young. "Is osteoporosis a risk factor for ankle fracture?" Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000222.
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Category: Ankle, Trauma Introduction/Purpose: It is well known that fracture of the ankle is different from the typical osteoporotic fracture. Nevertheless, there remains controversy over osteoporotic feature of the ankle. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of the existence of a relationship between axial bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with ankle fracture with that of the normal population under control of other confounding factors such as body mass index (BMI). Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients who were treated in our institution from 2005 to 2015. A comparative analysis was carried out between 115 patients with ankle fracture and 72 patients admitted with other orthopedic reasons (control group). Sex, age, energy level of trauma, and BMI were analyzed as variables affecting axial BMD. Results: Patients in ankle fracture group were significantly younger as compared to control group (p=0.041). BMI of ankle fracture group was higher. The other variables showed no differences between the two groups. The energy level of trauma in ankle fracture group was related to only BMI (p=0.01). Only lumbar BMD was correlated with BMI in ankle fracture group (p=0.003). Conclusion: Axial BMD of ankle fracture patients showed no difference from that of normal population. The occurrence of ankle fracture is affected by only BMI rather than axial BMD. Moreover, it appears that axial BMD is not always correlated with BMI in non-osteoporotic population.
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Basurto, Lourdes, Rosa Galván, Nydia Cordova, Renata Saucedo, Columba Vargas, Sandra Campos, Elizabeth Halley, Francisco Avelar, and Arturo Zárate. "Adiponectin is associated with low bone mineral density in elderly men." European Journal of Endocrinology 160, no. 2 (February 2009): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-08-0569.
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ObjectiveRecent evidence suggests that adiponectin may play a role in bone metabolism. Previous studies demonstrated that the adiponectin levels had a negative correlation with bone mineral density (BMD) in women. However, little is known about the relationship between adiponectin and BMD in men. The aim of this study was to determinate the relationship between the adiponectin levels and BMD in elderly men.DesignCross-sectional study including 92 healthy men aged 60–80 years.MethodsMain outcome measures were the adiponectin levels estimated by RIA and BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsThe negative correlation between adiponectin and BMD at the spine was r=−0.209, (P<0.05) and at the femoral neck was r=−0.237, (P<0.001). These correlations disappeared after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). When stratified by BMI, the relationship between BMD and adiponectin remained significant in the subgroup of participants with BMI >27 kg/m2, but disappeared in men with BMI ≤27 kg/m2. In multiple regression analysis, adiponectin was a significant determinant of BMD at the spine, not at the femoral neck, in those with BMI >27.ConclusionBMD is negatively associated with the adiponectin levels in men older than 60 years and this relationship is greater in those men with BMI >27, which suggests a plausible connection between bone and fat tissue.
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Bansal, Aman, and Shiveta Bansal. "Relationship of Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Adult Men." International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 15, 2016): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.19056/ijmdsjssmes/2016/v5i1/83567.
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<strong>Background:</strong>Osteoporosis and Obesity are severe public health problems. Body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) are considered strong predictors of osteoporotic fractures.<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The interest of several studies has been focused on women, but there are only few studies worldwide focused on this issue in men. The objective is to focus towards evaluation of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in male population.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> The study was conducted on 400 men up to the age of 80 years. Subjects having history of diseases or drugs that might influence BMD were excluded from the study. Height (m) and weight (kg) were measured and BMI was calculated. Calcaneus bone was scanned for QUS to measure BMD. The diagnosis of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia were done according to WHO T- score criteria. The whole data was collected and statistically analyzed using Correlation Coefficients and Pearson's Chi Square test.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Pearson's correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between age and BMD and between age and BMI, and a positive correlation between BMI and BMD. Pearson's chi square analysis showed that BMI had a highly significant association with BMD whereas age had a highly significant association with BMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Although the results show significant relationship between BMI and BMD, the negative relationship of age with BMI and BMD may serve as a guidance to initiate early assessment of BMD as preventive measure of osteoporosis and fractures among ageing men population.No abstract</p>
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Krieg, M. A., D. Stoll, B. Aubry-Rozier, M. Metzger, D. Hans, and O. Lamy. "The OsteoLaus Cohort Study." Osteologie 21, no. 02 (2012): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1621671.
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ZusammenfassungEine indirekte Beurteilung der Mikroarchitektur (MA) ist in der täglichen Praxis anhand des TBS (Trabecular Bone Score) näherungsweise möglich. Das Ziel der OsteoLaus-Kohorte besteht darin, klinische Risikofaktoren und Informationen aus der DXA (Knochenmineraldichte [BMD], TBS und Wirbelkörperfrakturerkennung [VFA]) zu kombinieren, um Frauen mit hohem Frakturrisiko leichter zu erkennen. Wir nahmen 631 Frauen im mittleren Alter von 67,4 ± 6,7 J. und mit einem BMI von 26,1 ± 4,6 auf. Es bestand eine schwache Korrelation zwischen BMD und Zentrums-gematchtem TBS (r2 = 0,16). Die Prävalenz von Wirbelfrakturen (VFx) Grad 2/3, größeren osteoporotischen (OP) Frakturen und allen OP-Frakturen betrug 8,4 %, 17,0 % bzw. 26,0 %. Alters- und BMI-adjustierte OR (nach abnehmender SD) lagen bei 1,8 (1,2–2,5), 1,6 (1,2–2,1) bzw. 1,3 (1,1–1,6) für BMD und 2,0 (1,4–3,0), 1,9 (1,4–2,5) bzw. 1,4 (1,1–1,7) für TBS. Die TBS OR (nach abnehmender SD), adjustiert nach Alter, BMI und Wirbelsäulen-BMD, für VFx Grad 2/3, größere und alle OP-Frakturen betrugen 1,7 (1,1–2,7), 1,6 (1,2–2,2) bzw. 1,3 (1,0–1,7). Nur 35 bis 44 % der Frauen mit OP-Frakturen hatten eine BMD <−2,5 SD oder einen TBS < 1.200. Durch Kombination eines BMD < −2,5 SD oder TBS < 1,200 werden 54 bis 60 % der Frauen mit OP-Fraktur erkannt. Somit können wir anhand von VFA, BMD und TBS aus einem einfachen und strahlenarmen Röntgenverfahren, der DXA, Zusatzinformationen gewinnen, die für den Patienten im Praxisalltag von Nutzen sind.
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Sultana, S., Mohammad Nayeem Hasan, and MA Taleb. "The correlation of bone mineral density, body mass index and age." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v7i1.53312.
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Osteoporosis is related to the decrease in bone mineral density. To diagnose osteoporosis and to assess its severity BMD measurement is a widely used method by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). BMD is an essential component of the assessment of bone quality and is utilized to assess the osteoporotic status of the bone for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. The objective of this study was assessed to analyze the correlation between BMD with BMI and age. The study was conducted on 154 patients who performed the BMD test between the periods of January 2018 to July 2019. BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) and right femoral neck (FN) were measured using the DEXA method. In statistical analysis, the BMD status was compared according to age, gender, and BMI. Correlation among BMD, BMI, and age was analyzed with the nonparametric method (spearman rank correlation). SPSS software version 25 was used for analysis. Age showed highly significant negative correlations with all skeletal sites examined. Assessments on the T-score of FN and BMI were significantly related (p<0.05, r=0.223, positive relation). T-score of LS and BMI were positively correlated (r=0.484) and it was significant at a 95% level of significance. Both FN and LS T-score and showed a negative correlation, but it was significant. BMI and age were not significantly associated (p>0.05, r=-0.080, negative relation). As expected, the FN T-score and LS T-score showed a high correlation (r=0.484) between each other, and they were positive. Significant correlations were observed among BMD, BMI, and age of the patients. To identify the cause of osteoporosis, BMI and patients age can be considered as risk factors during BMD study. Our hope is that future research will reveal osteoporosis prevention targets effective for the growing population of aging men and women.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 76-81
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Hariri, Abdulaziz F., Mohammad N. Almatrafi, Aws B. Zamka, Abdullah S. Babaker, Tariq M. Fallatah, Omar H. Althouwaibi, and Amre S. Hamdi. "Relationship between Body Mass Index and T-Scores of Bone Mineral Density in the Hip and Spine Regions among Older Adults with Diabetes: A Retrospective Review." Journal of Obesity 2019 (April 22, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9827403.
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) cases are increasing worldwide, especially in Saudi Arabia. Previous studies suggested a positive relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) levels. Generally, patients with low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2) have reduced BMD levels and, thus, low T-scores; hence, they are categorized as osteopenic or osteoporotic. In this study, we aimed to determine whether a relationship between BMI and BMD T-scores in the hip and spine regions of patients with diabetes exists. This retrospective record review investigated older adult patients with diabetes in King Abdulaziz University Hospital (n=198; age 50–90 years) who underwent BMD scan between January 1, 2016, and June 25, 2018, regardless of their sex but limited to type 2 DM. The height and weight of all subjects were recorded, and BMI was calculated and categorized. We used SPSS version 21 for data analysis; measures of central tendencies, Pearson’s correlations, chi-square tests, and independent t-tests were employed. We found positive relationships between BMI and BMD T-scores in the hip and spine regions (right femoral neck: R=+0.214, P≤0.002; total right hip: R=+0.912, P≤0.001; left femoral neck: R=+0.939, P≤0.001; total left hip: R=+0.885, P≤0.001; and total lumbar region: R=+0.607, P≤0.001). Low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2) could be a risk factor for osteoporosis, whereas normal/high BMI could be protective against osteoporosis among adults with diabetes.
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Tyo, Brian M., and Michael Mangum. "Evaluation of the BAI using ADP in African American Females." Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine 4, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000080.
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ABSTRACT Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between body adiposity index (BAI) and body fat percentage using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in African American females. Methods Seventy-two African American females (28.9 ± 10.2 yr) participated in the study. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships among waist circumference, hip circumference (HC), BAI, body mass index (BMI), and %BFADP. Bland–Altman plots were generated to analyze agreement between BAI and %BFADP. Results BAI and BMI were highly correlated with each other and %BFADP. BAI was more accurate in African American females within the normal BMI category but underestimated more in overweight and obese categories. However, the number of false-negative results when evaluating obesity was the same for BAI and BMI within this sample, which suggests their value as a clinical tool may be similar. HC was correlated with %BFADP. However, waist circumference correlated stronger than HC in the obese group. Conclusion The strong correlations of BAI and BMI to body fat percent were similar to previous studies in other races/ethnicities and methods. BAI underestimates body fat percent more with increasing levels of adiposity possibly because of the accumulation of fat in areas not captured by an HC measure.
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Bohn, B., S. Wiegand, T. Reinehr, G. Leipold, J. Oepen, K. Knab, H. Langhof, et al. "Neue BMI-Referenzwerte der AGA: extreme Adipositas ist seltener bei jugendlichen Mädchen." Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 11, no. 03 (2017): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1618968.
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ZusammenfassungIn 2015 wurden die AGA-Referenzwerte (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter) für den Body Mass Index (BMI) zur Bestimmung von Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Jugendlichen für den Altersbereich der 15- bis 18-Jährigen korrigiert. Zur Überprüfung der Auswirkungen der neuen BMI-Perzentilkurven auf die Häufigkeit von Übergewicht und Adipositas wurden 19.719 Patienten (15≤18 Jahre) aus der Adipositas- Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation (APV) Datenbank anhand der alten (2001) und neuen (2015) BMI-Perzentilkurven verglichen. Die Korrektur der BMI-Referenzwerte führte dazu, dass mehr Mädchen (n= 11 731) als normal- und übergewichtig oder adipös eingestuft wurden, während der Anteil der extrem adipösen Mädchen gesunken ist. Bei Jungen (n = 8 006) ergaben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Krankenkassen und Rentenversicherungsträger legen die BMI-Kategorien zur Bewilligung von Adipositasschulungen, Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen und bariatrischer Chirurgie zugrunde, so dass Mädchen durch die neuen BMI-Grenzwerte der Zugang zu einer Therapie erschwert werden könnte.
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Pascual, V., Y. J. Liu, A. Magalski, O. de Bouteiller, J. Banchereau, and J. D. Capra. "Analysis of somatic mutation in five B cell subsets of human tonsil." Journal of Experimental Medicine 180, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.180.1.329.
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Using a series of phenotypic markers that include immunoglobulin (Ig)D, IgM, IgG, CD23, CD44, Bcl-2, CD38, CD10, CD77, and Ki67, human tonsillar B cells were separated into five fractions representing different stages of B cell differentiation that included sIgD+ (Bm1 and Bm2), germinal center (Bm3 and Bm4), and memory (Bm5) B cells. To establish whether the initiation of somatic mutation correlated with this phenotypic characterization, we performed polymerase chain reaction and subsequent sequence analysis of the Ig heavy chain variable region genes from each of the B cell subsets. We studied the genes from the smallest VH families (VH4, VH5, and VH6) in order to facilitate the mutational analysis. In agreement with previous reports, we found that the somatic mutation machinery is activated only after B cells reach the germinal center and become centroblasts (Bm3). Whereas 47 independently rearranged IgM transcripts from the Bm1 and Bm2 subsets were nearly germline encoded, 57 Bm3-, and Bm4-, and Bm5-derived IgM transcripts had accumulated an average of 5.7 point mutations within the VH gene segment. gamma transcripts corresponding to the same VH gene families were isolated from subsets Bm3, Bm4, and Bm5, and had accumulated an average of 9.5 somatic mutations. We conclude that the molecular events underlying the process of somatic mutation takes place during the transition from IgD+, CD23+ B cells (Bm2) to the IgD-, CD23-, germinal center centroblast (Bm3). Furthermore, the analysis of Ig variable region transcripts from the different subpopulations confirms that the pathway of B cell differentiation from virgin B cell throughout the germinal center up to the memory compartment can be traced with phenotypic markers. The availability of these subpopulations should permit the identification of the functional molecules relevant to each stage of B cell differentiation.
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Schmelz, Helmut, and Max Geraedts. "Kosten-Erlös-Verhältnis orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischer Patienten in Abhängigkeit vom Body-Mass-Index." Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie 156, no. 05 (June 14, 2018): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0608-5343.
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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Immer mehr Patienten in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie sind adipös. Damit gehen unter anderem erhöhte Operationsrisiken, aber auch höhere Kosten zum Beispiel für verlängerte Krankenhausaufenthalte oder spezielle Operationstische einher. Fraglich ist, inwiefern die im deutschen DRG-System erzielten Erlöse die individuellen Kosten in Abhängigkeit vom Body Mass Index (BMI) der Patienten decken und in welchen Bereichen der stationären Versorgung eventuell höhere Kosten anfallen. Material und Methoden Aus dem Krankenhausinformationssystem eines maximalversorgenden Krankenhauses wurden die Daten zum BMI und den individuellen Kosten und Erlösen zu 13 833 zwischen 2007 – 2010 an den unteren oder oberen Extremitäten operierten Patienten extrahiert. Unterschiede zwischen den Kosten-Erlös-Verhältnissen in Abhängigkeit vom BMI der Patienten und den jeweiligen Operationslokalisationen sowie bei der Verteilung der Kosten auf die verschiedenen Kostenartengruppen in Abhängigkeit vom BMI der Patienten wurden mithilfe von T- und U-Tests statistisch abgesichert. Ergebnisse Die in orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischen Kliniken anfallenden individuellen Kosten der Versorgung von Patienten mit einem Adipositasgrad III (BMI ≥ 40) sowie von Patienten mit Untergewicht (BMI < 18,5) übersteigen oftmals signifikant (p < 0,05) die individuellen Erlöse aus dem DRG-System. Signifikant höhere Kosten ließen sich bei allen Eingriffen an den unteren bzw. oberen Extremitäten außer bei Eingriffen am Sprunggelenk nachweisen, bei denen arthroskopische Eingriffe überwiegen. Der Großteil dieser Mehrkosten resultiert aus einem erhöhten Ressourcenverbrauch im Bereich des pflegerischen Personals, bei Arzneimitteln und bei Sachkosten für übrigen medizinischen Bedarf. Beim ärztlichen- und Funktionsdienst waren keine Kostensteigerungen in Abhängigkeit vom BMI erkennbar. Schlussfolgerung Um eine gewichtsabhängige Diskriminierung von Patienten zu vermeiden, sollten die Erlöse für die nicht gedeckten Kosten bei stark über- und untergewichtigen Patienten, die an der unteren oder oberen Extremität operiert werden, über eine Vergütungsanpassung nachgebessert werden. Zudem sollten sich Kliniken auf diese Patienten organisatorisch vorbereiten.
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Pfeffer-Gik, T., L. Godny, J. Ollech, N. Wasserberg, I. White, R. Barkan, S. Cohen, et al. "P568 Patients with ulcerative colitis after pouch surgery are at risk for low spinal bone mineral density: a cross sectional study." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (January 30, 2023): i696—i697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0698.
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Abstract Background Low bone mineral density (BMD) is prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), specifically Crohn's disease (CD) due to multiple factors including active inflammation, use of corticosteroids, surgeries and nutritional deficiencies. Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who undergo total proctocolectomy and pouch surgery may develop small bowel inflammation (pouchitis) resembling CD. Data regarding their BMD are scarce. We assessed low BMD rates and risk factors in these patientsץ Methods Patients with UC-pouch ages 18-50 without BMD assessment in the past 5 years were recruited. BMD was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Clinical data, biochemical and inflammatory markers were detected and dietary patterns were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results Patients recruited-30: male/female 14/16; Median age 45 (IQR 31-51.7) years; median BMI 23.2 (IQR 21-26.5); median IBD duration 23 (IQR 15-30) years; median pouch age 17 (IQR 10-25) years. Low BMD detected in 16/30 (53.3%): 6/30 (20%) osteoporosis,10/30 (33.3%) osteopenia. Low L1-L4 T-scores correlated with younger age, lower BMI and shorter disease duration (p= 0.001; p= 0.001; p= 0.023, respectively). In univariate analysis patients with low and normal BMD were comparable in age, gender, BMI, smoking, past and current medical treatment. In multivariate analysis younger age and lower BMI remained significant (age SE= 0.22, β 0.422 p=0.043, BMI SE=0.06, β=0.531 p=0.006) independently of sex, years since IBD diagnosis, and smoking. Dietary patterns were comparable (p=0.715). Conclusion Abnormally low BMD was prevalent in over half of patients with UC-Pouch. Interestingly younger age and lower BMI were risk factors for low spinal BMD. Dietary patterns did not account for the findings. BMD should be routinely assessed in patients with UC-pouch and intervention to correct abnormally low BMD should be planned.
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Bustamante, M., X. Nogués, L. Mellibovsky, L. Agueda, S. Jurado, E. Cáceres, J. Blanch, et al. "Polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 receptor gene are associated with bone mineral density and body mass index in Spanish postmenopausal women." European Journal of Endocrinology 157, no. 5 (November 2007): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-07-0389.
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AbstractObjectiveOsteoporosis and obesity are complex diseases with a strong genetic component. Bone mineral density (BMD) and body mass index (BMI) linkage studies identified a locus at 1q21-23, where the interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R) gene is located. The IL6R and the gp130 receptors are the mediators of IL6 action. Serum levels of IL6 and sIL6R (the soluble form of IL6R) are higher in several diseases such as osteoporosis or obesity. Variants at IL6R have been associated with BMI and obesity. However, IL6R is an as-yet-unexplored osteoporosis candidate gene.DesignIn the present study we analysed two polymorphisms in the IL6R promoter, −1435 C/T (rs3887104) and −208 G/A (rs4845617), and the Asp358Ala polymorphism (rs8192284), in relation to both BMD and BMI in a cohort of 559 postmenopausal Spanish women.ResultsThe promoter polymorphisms, −1435 C/T and −208 G/A were associated with femoral neck (FN) BMD (P=0.011 and P=0.025 respectively). The C-A and T-G promoter haplotypes were also associated with FN BMD. Additionally, the Asp358Ala variant was associated with lumbar spine BMD (P=0.038). Finally, the −208 G/A polymorphism and the C-G and C-A haplotypes were associated with BMI and obesity, where GG was the risk genotype (P=0.033 for BMI; P=0.010 for obesity).ConclusionThese data suggest that variants in the IL6R gene are not only involved in the determination of BMI but also relevant for the determination of BMD. The IL6R gene may belong to the growing list of genes known to be involved in both phenotypes.
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Nahar, Kamun, Mohammed Mehedi Al Zahid Bhuiyan, Muhammad Sirazul Munir, and Habibur Rahman. "Association between Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Patients Referred for Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in INMAS, Sylhet." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 22, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v22i2.51760.
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With an aging population, osteoporosis is increasingly becoming a public health concern. Bangladesh has a high incidence of osteoporosis and occurs among a relatively younger age group than in the developed world. There are several factors that could be associated with bone mineral density (BMD). We are keen to determine the association with BMD and BMI. The study was carried out on 152 patients who were referred to INMAS for dual energy X- ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) during the periods of January 2018 to July 2019. BMD was measured at right femoral neck and lumbar spines. Data about age and sex, BMI were recorded. Reporting was done according to the T score following WHO criteria. Prevalence were compared using chi-squared tests. Among 152 patients, 84.9% were females and 15.1% were males. Results showed for right femur that normal bone density in 91 (59.1%), osteopenia in 54 (35.1%), osteoporosis in 9 (5.8%) and BMD in spine was normal in 57 (37.0%) osteopenia in 44 (28.6%), osteoporosis in 53 (34.4%). About 60% of the study population was normal weight and others were underweighted or overweighed. Status of BMD was associated with BMI in the lumbar spine and femur. In this study group, total 61.2% and 26.3%were found low BMD in spine and right femur respectively. In age group ≥ 60 years, low BMD in spinewas 72.0% that is 42.29% higher compare to below 60 years’ group (50.6%).Correlation of BMI with lumbar spine T score, right femur and left femur T score were measured by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Positive significant Pearson’s correlation was observedbetween BMI with spine T score (r = 0.397; p = <0.001), BMI with right femur T score (r = 0.347; p = <0.001) and BMI with left femur T score (r = 0.382; p = <0.001).
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 108-113, Jul 2019
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Sharmin, Samira, Mabubul Haque, Syedur Rahman Miah, Md Mahbub Ur Rahman, Jasmine Ara Haque, Hosne Ara Rahman, Md Abu Bakker Siddique, Jasmine Ferdous, Md Monir Uddin, and Farida Yeasmin. "BMD status of Postmenopausal Women in relation with BMI: A study with 93 cases." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 17, no. 2 (June 14, 2016): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v17i2.28200.
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Objectives: Low bone mass is a common disorder in elderly population which predisposes to fracture with minimal trauma. This study was performed to find out the association between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Comilla and Mitford, Dhaka over a period of 12 months from January 2013 to December 2013. A total 93 postmenopausal women were enrolled for this study. All postmenopausal women underwent a BMD scan of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae using a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Participants were categorized into three groups according to their age and BMI. BMD were expressed base on T-score according to WHO criteria. The relation among BMI, age and BMD were assessed.Results: The results of this study showed that the mean age of the study group was 57.13±7.49 years with range of 46 to 75 years. The most postmenopausal women were in age group 55-65years. The mean BMI of the study subjects were 24.18±5.08 kg/m2 with a range of 15.62 to 36.20 kg/m2. Among 93 subjects osteopenia was greater at lumbar spine (45.2%) with T-score mean±SD-1.83±0.33 and osteoporosis at femoral neck (51.6%) with T-score mean ±SD-3.36±-0.67. Pearsons correlation coefficient test showed inverse relationship between age and BMD both lumbar spine (r = -0.301, p = 0.003) and femoral neck (r = -0.303, p=0.003) whereas the positive relation between BMI and BMD both at lumbar spine (r=0.338, p=0.001) and femoral neck (r =0.343, p=0.001). These showed that with advancing age, BMD decreases and the risk of osteoporosis increases and with increasing BMI, BMD increases and risk of osteoporosis decreases.Conclusion: The findings of this study portrait that aging and low BMI are risk factors associated with bone loss. So preventive measure should be taken for high risk post menopausal women.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 17(2): 138-141, July 2014
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Je, Minkyung, Hyerim Kim, and Yoona Kim. "A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Determine Factors of Bone Mineral Density in Korean Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (November 6, 2021): 11658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111658.
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Background: no studies have assessed the associations of nutrient intake, physical activity, age, and body mass index (BMI) with bone mineral density (BMD) using structural equation modelling (SEM) in Korean women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of nutrient intakes, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) on BMD in Korean premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with the SEM approach, based on the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008–2011. Methods: SEM analysis was performed with 4160 women (2863 premenopausal women and 1297 postmenopausal women) aged 30–75 years in order to investigate total, direct, or mediating effects of nutrient intake, physical activity, age, and BMI on BMD. Model sensitivity to external misspecification and statistical significance of SEM was determined by phantom variables and bootstrapping. Reliability assessment of the SEM was done by Cronbach’s alpha. Results: a direct effect of minerals (potassium, calcium, and phosphorus) on BMD (total femur, femoral neck, lumbar spine, and whole body) was observed in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (p = 0.045 and p = 0.048, respectively). Age and BMI showed a total effect on BMD in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: our study suggests that mineral intake (potassium, calcium, and phosphorus), age, and BMI are major contributors to BMD in Korean premenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 30–75 years.
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Gupta, Shilpi, and Satwanti Kapoor. "Body Adiposity Index: Its Relevance and Validity in Assessing Body Fatness of Adults." ISRN Obesity 2014 (January 22, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/243294.
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Background. One of the limitations of body mass index is its accuracy to assess body fatness. To address this limitation, a new index, body adiposity index, has been developed. However its validity needs to ascertained. Objective. Our aim was to investigate sex-specific relationship between BAI, BMI, and percent body fat in an endogamous population of Delhi, India. Method. Data was collected from 578 adults on bodyweight, height, skinfold thicknesses, hip circumference, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Pearson’s correlations were calculated for BAI and BMI with PBF. Differences in the correlation coefficients were examined using Fisher’s z tests. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to compare the predictive validity and to determine optimal cut-off values. Odds ratios were calculated to assess the risk of having hypertension using the proposed cut-off points. Results. The correlations of PBF with BMI (men: r=0.83; women: r=0.71) were stronger than those with BAI (men: r=0.66; women: r=0.58). In men, the sensitivity and specificity of BAI to predict hypertension were higher than other anthropometric markers but lower than BMI. In women, the sensitivity of BAI was higher than BMI and WC. Conclusions. BAI can be used as an additional marker for screening population; however its validity needs to be demonstrated on other populations too.
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Almaimani, Jawaher, Charalampos Tsoumpas, Richard Feltbower, and Irene Polycarpou. "FDG PET/CT versus Bone Marrow Biopsy for Diagnosis of Bone Marrow Involvement in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review." Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020540.
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The management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients requires the identification of bone marrow involvement (BMI) using a bone marrow biopsy (BMB), as recommended by international guidelines. Multiple studies have shown that [18F]FDG positron emission tomography, combined with computed tomography (PET/CT), may provide important information and may detect BMI, but there is still an ongoing debate as to whether it is sensitive enough for NHL patients in order to replace or be used as a complimentary method to BMB. The objective of this article is to systematically review published studies on the performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT in detecting BMI compared to the BMB for NHL patients. A population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) search in PubMed and Scopus databases (until 1 November 2021) was performed. A total of 41 studies, comprising 6147 NHL patients, were found to be eligible and were included in the analysis conducted in this systematic review. The sensitivity and specificity for identifying BMI in NHL patients were 73% and 90% for [18F]FDG PET/CT and 56% and 100% for BMB. For aggressive NHL, the sensitivity and specificity to assess the BMI for the [18F]FDG PET/CT was 77% and 94%, while for the BMB it was 58% and 100%. However, sensitivity and specificity to assess the BMI for indolent NHL for the [18F]FDG PET/CT was 59% and 85%, while for the BMB it was superior, and equal to 94% and 100%. With regard to NHL, a [18F]FDG PET/CT scan can only replace BMB if it is found to be positive and if patients can be categorized as having advanced staged NHL with high certainty. [18F]FDG PET/CT might recover tumors missed by BMB, and is recommended for use as a complimentary method, even in indolent histologic subtypes of NHL.
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Shyamrani, Y., and B. Sathya Prabha. "The relationship of anthropometric measurement, physical activity, psychosocial aspects and endometriosis." Fizjoterapia Polska 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg0dehn3.
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Aim. To find out the association between the anthropometric measurement, the physical activity, psychosocial level and endometriosis. Materials and Methods. Thirty women diagnosed as endometriosis and 30 age matched non endometriosis women were recruited. Anthropometric measurement – Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist hip ratio (WHR) was measured. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI) were used to measure the physical activity level and the psychosocial level respectively. Results. There was a significant difference in BMI between the groups. The odds ratio and relative risk analysis of endometriosis showed that there is an association between increased BMI, WHR, BDI and the risk of endometriosis (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Increased Body mass index, Waist Hip Ratio and Beck depression score (BMI > 30, WHR > 0.85 and BDI > 16) are associated with increased risk of endometriosis.
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Sanderson, Sonya, Scot Raab, and Peggy Moch. "BMI and EAT-26, Predictors for Low BMD?" SAGE Open 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 215824401244160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244012441604.
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The primary purpose of this study was to characterize bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy adult females in the Southern United States. A secondary purpose was to determine to what extent age, race, body mass index (BMI), and disordered eating contribute to BMD status. Age ranged from 25 to 50 years (39.8 ± 8.5). Race was classified into Caucasian or non-Caucasian. BMI was 28.97 ± 7.85 (kg/m2). The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to identify disordered eating characteristics. The Alara MetriScan was used to assess BMD values. Regression results showed that the linear combination of three independent variables—age, race, and BMI—predicted 34.5% of the variance in BMD, R2 = .345, R2adj = .334, F(3, 170) = 29.87, p < .001. The strongest predictor of low BMD was Caucasian race.
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Lill, Christina M., Tian Liu, Kristina Norman, Antje Meyer, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Ilja Demuth, and Lars Bertram. "Genetic Burden Analyses of Phenotypes Relevant to Aging in the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II)." Gerontology 62, no. 3 (2016): 316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000438900.
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Background: Body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and telomere length are phenotypes that modulate the course of aging. Over 40% of their phenotypic variance is determined by genetics. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have recently uncovered >100 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10-8) association with these traits. Objective: To test the individual and combined impact of previously reported GWAS SNPs on BMI, BMD, and relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL) in ∼1,750 participants of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II), a cohort consisting predominantly of individuals >60 years of age. Methods: Linear regression analyses were performed on a total of 101 SNPs and BMI, BMD measurements of the femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS), and rLTL. The combined effect of all trait-specific SNPs was evaluated by generating a weighted genomic profile score (wGPS) used in the association analyses. The predictive capability of the wGPS was estimated by determining the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for osteoporosis status (determined by BMD) with and without the wGPS. Results: Five loci showed experiment-wide significant association with BMI (FTO rs1558902, p = 1.80 × 10-5) or BMD (MEPE rs6532023, pFN = 5.40 × 10-4, pLS = 1.09 × 10-4; TNFRSF11B rs2062377, pLS = 8.70 × 10-4; AKAP11 rs9533090, pLS = 1.05 × 10-3; SMG6 rs4790881, pFN = 3.41 × 10-4) after correction for multiple testing. Several additional loci showed nominally significant (p < 0.05) association with BMI and BMD. The trait-specific wGPS was highly significantly associated with BMD (p < 2 × 10-16) and BMI (p = 1.10 × 10-6). No significant association was detected for rLTL in either single-SNP or wGPS-based analyses. The AUC for osteoporosis improved modestly from 0.762 (95% CI 0.733-0.800) to 0.786 (95% CI 0.756-0.823) and 0.785 (95% CI 0.757-0.824) upon inclusion of the FN- and LS-BMD wGPS, respectively. Conclusion: Our study provides an independent validation of previously reported genetic association signals for BMI and BMD in the BASE-II cohort. Additional studies are needed to pinpoint the factors underlying the proportion of phenotypic variance that remains unexplained by the current models.
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Povoroznyuk, Vladyslav V., Nataliia V. Zaverukha, and Anna S. Musiienko. "BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND TRABECULAR BONE SCORE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OBESITY." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 3 (2020): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202003124.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine, femoral neck, trabecular bone score (TBS) and body mass index (BMI), in postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: The study group comprised 359 postmenopausal women aged 50-89 years. They were divided into 2 groups: I group – 117 postmenopausal women with symptomatic knee OA and II group –242 women with a normal functional activity of knee joints. Analysis of data was performed taking into account their BMD of lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck, measured by the Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Hologic (Discovery WI, USA, 2016). TBS of L1-L4 was detected by TBS insight® software (MedImaps, Pessac, France), and BMI classified by World Health Organization (WHO). Results: In postmenopausal women with obesity prevalence of symptomatic knee OA was detected in 41.1% of cases. However, in women with normal BMI knee OA was revealed in 29.0% of women. The highest level of knee OA in obese women aged 70-79 years – 45.8%. According to a chi-squared (χ2) test, a significantly higher level of BMI was detected in postmenopausal women with OA (χ2=5.05, p=0.02). Conclusion: Women with a symptomatic OA had a significantly higher BMD of lumbar spine compared with women who had a normal functional activity of knee. Significant negative correlation were detected between TBS and BMI, and significant positive correlations between lumbar spine BMD and BMI.
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Bansal, Shiveta, and Aman Bansal. "Relation between Obesity and Osteoporosis in Women." International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/ijmds/2017/18794.
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<p><strong>Background</strong>: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal disease, whose mechanisms are not fully understood. It is more common in older people, especially in Post menopausal women. Body Mass Index (BMI) is often used to predict Bone Mineral Density (BMD). Obese women have always been considered protected against Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic fractures. <strong>Objectives</strong>: Several studies have challenged the widespread belief that obesity is protective against fracture. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of BMI on BMD in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods</strong>: The study was conducted on 400 women divided into two age groups of 21-50 years (premenopausal) and 51 - 90 years (post menopausal). Subjects having history of diseases or drugs that might influence BMD were excluded from the study. Height (m) and weight (kg) were measured and BMI was calculated. Calcaneus bone was scanned for QUS to measure BMD. The diagnosis of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia were done according to WHO T- score criteria. The whole data was collected and statistically analyzed using Correlation Coefficients and Pearson's Chi Square test.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between age and BMI but no significant correlation between BMI and BMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between BMI and BMD (p value > 0.05). According to our results, there is no protective role of Obesity in the development of Osteoporosis. There must be more detailed study in molecular and cellular level to explain the role and influence of obesity on BMD in women.</p>
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Suleiman, Moyosore M., Ankit Mangla, Hussein Hamad, Romy Thekekkara, Kalid Adab, and Rosalind Catchatourian. "Staging Bone Marrow Biopsy Does Not Alter Management in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma and May Not be Necessary:a 10yr Single Institutional Retrospective Review of Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma with Bone Marrow Involvement 2004-2013." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5361.5361.
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Abstract Introduction: The incidence of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in patients diagnosed with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is relatively low varying from 4-14% in different series occurring mainly in patients with advanced disease (stage III-IV). Ann Arbor staging system with Cotswolds modification in 1989 recommend staging bone marrow in patients with clinical stage III-IV and stage II patients with adverse risk features. It’s utility is now questionable and no longer recommended by many authors as it does not alter the way patients are managed. The advent of 18F-fluoro-2 –deoxy-D-glucose positive emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan use in the staging of patients has improved the prediction of possible bone marrow involvement obviating further the need for bone marrow biopsy. While BMI is said to be an independent prognostic factor in the survival of patient with HL, more studies have shown that BMI alone in patients with Stage IV disease does not influence survival or freedom from disease progression. Because staging bone marrow biopsy (BMB) use in HL varies from one institution to another, we performed a retrospective review in our institution in order to determine its incidence, risk factors and effect in the management of patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective search in John H Stroger, Jr. Hospital database of patients with HL seen from 2004 to 2013. 237 adult (18yr and above) patients were screened. 185 patients had BMB done as part of work up. Results: BMI was detected in 21%(38 of 185) of patients who had BMB as part of work up. M:F ratio was 2.5:1. Mean age was 39.8 +/- 11.5yrs. 51%(95 of 185) of patients who had BMB had advanced disease. 94%(33 out of 35) of patients with BMI had advanced disease prior to BMB. 3 patients with BMI were incompletely staged. Advanced disease was significantly more likely to be associated with BMI than early stage disease (OR 20.2 95% CI 4.6-87.6 p=0.0001). Less than 1%(2 out of 78) of patients with early stage disease were upstaged .The 2 patients that were upstaged had Stage IIB disease prior to BMB.38%(14 of 37) of patients with BMI were HIV positive which was higher compared to 12%(16 of 129) of patients without BMI that were HIV positive (OR 5.8 95% CI 2.4-14.0 p=0.0001). 5 of 38 patients with BMI had staging FDG-PET and all showed positivity in the skeletal system. Patients with BMI in our review were managed with 6-8cycles of chemotherapy (CT)-Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine regimen (ABVD). 5 cases were relapsed disease. 4 of these patients with relapsed disease received Platinum/Gemcitabine regimen and one patient received Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Procarbazine and Prednisone regimen (MOPP). Radiation Therapy (RT) was part of the management in 4 patients done for cord compression (2), bulky mediastinal disease (1) and for residual disease after chemotherapy (1). Conclusions: The incidence of BMI was high in our retrospective review compared to other series, however majority of involvement were in patients with advanced disease as in most series. Patients were rarely upstaged from early stage to advanced stage with bone marrow biopsy. This occurred in less than 1% in our retrospective review. Staging FDG-PET although done in few of our patients with BMI was predictive. Management of these patients was not significantly altered based on BMI. They were managed mainly with CT. RT needed in some of these patients was justified (cord compression, and bulky mediastinal disease). RT for residual disease is not a standard of care. Risks factors identified for BMI includes advanced disease and associated HIV infection. BMB does not alter patient management and its sole prognostic significance in patients with stage IV disease is controversial. It is therefore not necessary in the staging of newly diagnosed patients with HL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ganie, Mohd, Semanti Chakraborty, Ashish Sehgal, M. Sreejith, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, Manisha Jana, and Aafia Rashid. "Bone Mineral Density is Unaltered in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Hormone and Metabolic Research 50, no. 10 (October 2018): 754–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0733-7768.
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Abstract Context The effects of endocrine aberrations associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on bone mineral density (BMD) in young women is a matter of debate. Objectives To compare BMD in young women with PCOS to age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls and to elucidate its correlation to BMI, insulin resistance and serum testosterone. Design and Methods We recruited 60 women with PCOS aged 14-24 years, diagnosed based on Rotterdam 2003 criteria, and 58 age matched controls. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. In addition, these subjects underwent biochemical and hormonal analysis including oral glucose tolerance test, calculation of Homeostatic Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance Index, measurement of serum thyroxine, thyrotropin, prolactin, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, follicular phase luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone. Results There was no difference of BMD between women with PCOS and control women (1.103±0.08 vs 1.126±0.083 g/cm2; p=0.122). In subgroup analysis based on BMI, BMD in obese women with PCOS was significantly higher than their overweight and lean counterparts at lumbar spine (p<0.001), neck of femur (p=0.005) and total hip (p<0.001). BMD was not different at any site between oligomenorrheic and non-oligomenorrheic women with PCOS. It positively correlated with BMI, waist and hip circumference in women with PCOS. No correlation was found with HOMA-IR or Testosterone. Conclusions BMI is the most important determinant of BMD in women with PCOS. BMD is not different between healthy young women and those with PCOS.
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Karavasiloglou, Nena, Eliska Selinger, Jan Gojda, Sabine Rohrmann, and Tilman Kühn. "Differences in Bone Mineral Density between Adult Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians Become Marginal when Accounting for Differences in Anthropometric Factors." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 5 (February 13, 2020): 1266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa018.
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ABSTRACT Background Persons following plant-based diets have lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher fracture risk, possibly due to suboptimal nutrient supply. However, anthropometric measures were not considered as potential confounders in many previous studies, and body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with BMD but also generally lower among vegans and vegetarians. Objectives Our objective was to investigate if BMD measurements differ between vegetarians and nonvegetarians from the adult general population when accounting for important determinants of BMD, especially BMI and waist circumference. Methods Using data from the NHANES (cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010), we evaluated the differences in BMD (femoral neck, total femoral, and total lumbar spine) between adult vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Linear regression models were used to determine the associations between BMD and diet. Statistical models were adjusted for important factors, i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, serum vitamin D and calcium concentrations, waist circumference, and BMI. Results In statistical models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, menopausal status, and education level, BMD values were significantly lower among vegetarians than among nonvegetarians (P < 0.001). These differences were attenuated upon adjustment for lifestyle factors, and became statistically nonsignificant upon adjustment for anthropometric variables (BMI and waist circumference) for femoral neck (0.77 compared with 0.79 g/cm2 among vegetarians versus nonvegetarians, P = 0.10) and total femoral BMD (0.88 compared with 0.90 g/cm2, P = 0.12). A small but statistically significant difference remained for total lumbar spine BMD (1.01 compared with 1.04 g/cm2, P = 0.005). Conclusions These findings suggest that lower BMD among adult vegetarians is in larger parts explained by lower BMI and waist circumference.
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Onuoha, Kelechukwu, Khadijat Ajiboye, and Kingsley Ekwe. "Effect of Body Mass Index on Bone Mineral Density: A Retrospective Review." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 5 (May 11, 2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230502.
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Background: There have been studies investigating the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) with findings focused on association between the two variables. The aim of this study was to further investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis and ascertain how BMD varies by gender and age in an average adult Nigerian. Methodology: A total of 68 participants were examined. The participants underwent standard BMD scans of the femur and lumbar using a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). BMI was measured as weight in kilograms by height in meters square Results: The findings of this study revealed that the prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.3%. There was association between DEXA values and BMI. There was significant difference between age, gender and BMD. BMD scores for femur and lumbar were higher in subjects younger than 45 years compared to subjects in their middle age and elderly. Males have significantly higher BMD values Conclusions: The results suggest lower BMI is an indication for low BMD. BMD can be used for screening test for osteoporosis. Female gender is more prone to osteoporosis. Age is a factor to consider as middle aged and elderly subjects more at risk of osteoporosis. Key words: Dexa scan, body mass index, osteoporosis
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Templeton, Danielle L., Aaron S. Kelly, Julia Steinberger, and Donald R. Dengel. "Lower Relative Bone Mineral Content in Obese Adolescents: Role of Non-Weight Bearing Exercise." Pediatric Exercise Science 22, no. 4 (November 2010): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.22.4.557.
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We assessed relative bone mineral content (BMC) in normal-weight (BMI < 85th percentile), overweight (BMI ≥ 85th—< 95th percentile), and obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) adolescents and evaluated the impact of nonweight bearing stationary cycle exercise training in a subset of obese participants. Obese and overweight adolescents had higher (p = .001) BMC than normal-weight counterparts, but after adjusting for total body mass the overweight and obese adolescents had a significantly lower (p < .001) BMC than normal-weight subjects. Although aerobic training such as cycling would seem optimal for caloric expenditure in obese adolescents, this study showed that eight weeks of cycle training did not improve BMC in obese adolescents. Weight-bearing aerobic exercise would be a better option for optimizing bone health in this population.
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Patsa*, Malay Kumar, Dibya Pal, Srimanta Sen, Mousumi Ganguly, Nirmalya Kumar Sinha, Dulal Chandra Das, Sumendev Chakrabortty, and Monalisa Das. "Relationship of menstrual disorders with nutritional status of college girls from Bankura District, West Bengal, India." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 04 (March 31, 2016): 4515. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.04.0012.
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Menstrual disorders are the most common complaints of the women. This often leads to anxiety, depression and other such psychological problems. The present study was conducted to find out the association of nutritional status with menstrual pattern and menstrual disorders of college girls. This study was employed on ninety-seven female college students (18- 22 years) of Bankura district. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic data and information regarding menstrual pattern and disorders. Anthropometric parameters including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (PBF), body adiposity index (BAI) was determined and mid-thigh circumference (MTC) was measured of each girls. From this study it was found that the Age at menarche (AAM) of college girls was 12.76±1.32 which was inversely related to the socioeconomic status and some anthropometric parameters like BMI, PBF, BAI, MTC etc. Monthly per capita income (MPCI) was an important determinant of weight (F=4.374; P=0.015), BMI (F=3.414; P=0.037), PBF (F=3.600; P=0.031) among the college girls. Pearson Product Moment Correlation showed that AAM, maternal education, number of sibling, number of family members, MPCI was associated with some anthropometric parameters viz. BMI, MTC, PBF, BAI. Linear Regression analysis showed that among the five factors (viz. AAM, maternal education, number of sibling, number of family members, MPCI) the maternal education and MPCI was the main determining factor for BMI. The prevalence of PMS, dysmenorrhoea and leucorrhoea was 67.01%, 73.20% and 85.57% in this study population. It can be concluded that AAM was inversely related to the anthropometric parameters (BMI, PBF, BAI, MTC) and more than two third of the college students was suffering from different menstrual disorders. U-shaped relationship between BMI and dysmenorrhea clearly focused the influence of body fat on dysmenorrhoea.
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Schönbach, Robin, Katharina Klemt-Albert, Elisabeth Aßmus, and Matthias Bergmann. "Entwicklung des Masterplan BIM für Bundesbauten/Development of the BIM master plan for Federal Buildings." Bauingenieur 96, no. 05 (2021): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2021-05-57.
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Bundesbauten sollten in jeder Hinsicht vorbildhaft sein. Auch mit Blick darauf hat das für Bundesbau und Bundesbauverwaltung verantwortliche Bundesministerium des Innern, für Bau und Heimat (BMI) die Digitalisierung des Bauens für den Bund als größter Einzelbauherr im Bereich des Hochbaus im Fokus. Deshalb hat es in Zusammenarbeit mit dem für die Bereitstellung und den Betrieb der militärischen Bundesbauten verantwortlichen Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (BMVg) unter Beteiligung der Bundesanstalt für Immobilienaufgaben (BImA) einen Masterplan „BIM für Bundesbauten“ erarbeitet, um zukünftig auch mit digitalem Planen, Bauen und Betreiben die Effizienz und Geschwindigkeit des Bundesbaus zu verbessern und vor allem auch für die Betrachtung des Gesamtlebenszyklus der Gebäude eine Treiberrolle einzunehmen. Der Masterplan beschreibt die Einführung der Methode BIM für alle künftigen Projekte des Bundesbaus. Im Mittelpunkt der Strategie steht ein Zielbild, das einen verbindlichen Zeithorizont für die Einführung von BIM bei Bundesbauten vorgibt. Der Masterplan wurde im Auftrag des BMI in Zusammenarbeit mit dem BMVg und der BImA federführend durch das Institut für Baumanagement und Digitales Bauen der Universität Hannover unter Anwendung eines partizipativen Forschungsstils erarbeitet.
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Gargiulo, Sara, Matteo Gramanzini, Rosario Megna, Adelaide Greco, Sandra Albanese, Claudio Manfredi, and Arturo Brunetti. "Evaluation of Growth Patterns and Body Composition in C57Bl/6J Mice Using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/253067.
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The normal growth pattern of female C57BL/6J mice, from 5 to 30 weeks of age, has been investigated in a longitudinal study. Weight, body surface area (BS), and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in forty mice. Lean mass and fat mass, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were monitored by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Weight and BS increased linearly (16.15±0.64–27.64±1.42 g;51.13±0.74–79.57±2.15 cm2,P<0.01), more markedly from 5 to 9 weeks of age(P<0.001). BMD showed a peak at 17 weeks (0.0548±0.0011 g/cm2*m,P<0.01). Lean mass showed an evident gain at 9 (15.8±0.8 g,P<0.001) and 25 weeks (20.5±0.3 g,P<0.01), like fat mass from 13 to 17 weeks (2.0±0.4–3.6±0.7 g,P<0.01). BMI and lean mass index (LMI) reached the highest value at 21 weeks (3.57±0.02–0.284±0.010 g/cm2, resp.), like fat mass index (FMI) at 17 weeks (0.057±0.009 g/cm2) (P<0.01). BMI, weight, and BS showed a moderate positive correlation (0.45–0.85) with lean mass from 5 to 21 weeks. Mixed linear models provided a good prediction for lean mass, fat mass, and BMD. This study may represent a baseline reference for a future comparison of wild-type C57BL/6J mice with models of altered growth.
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Jung, In-Woo, and Mal-Ryun Shin. "The Study on Body Mass Index, Bone Mineral Density and Eating Disorder Based on Career of Female Dancer." Korean Journal of Sports Science 28, no. 6 (December 31, 2019): 857–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2019.12.28.6.857.
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