Journal articles: 'Blunt trauma – Middle East'

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FIRESTONE, T. "Trauma Legacies in the Middle East." Tikkun 29, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08879982-2713259.

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Kelly. "Memory and Trauma in the Middle East." Current Anthropology 49, no. 4 (2008): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20142707.

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Carlberg, David J., Michael C. Izzo, and Jonathan E. Davis. "Middle aged male with blurry vision following blunt orbital trauma." Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open 1, no. 6 (September 15, 2020): 1736–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12254.

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Riyad, Mahamud. "Hernia After Blunt Trauma Abdomen- A Case Report." Community Based Medical Journal 4, no. 2 (August 16, 2015): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v4i2.53825.

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Traumatic abdominal wall hernia is a rare condition that can follow any blunt trauma. Associated intra-abdominal injuries are infrequent. In this case report, a middle aged man diagnosed as abdominal wall hernia following fall from height, surprisingly without any other injury. Aim of this report is to augment the knowledge of traumatic abdominal wall hernia, its diagnosis and proper treatment. CBMJ 2015 July: Vol. 04 No. 02 P: 58-61

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Hashimoto, Kohei, Takashi Ohtsuka, Taichiro Goto, Masaki Anraku, Mitsutomo Kohno, Yotaro Izumi, and Hiroaki Nomori. "Complete Laceration of the Middle Lobe Bronchus Caused by Blunt Trauma." Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 19, no. 2 (2013): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5761/atcs.cr.12.01936.

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Ferrella, Thomas J. "Delayed rupture of the middle colic artery secondary to blunt abdominal trauma." Annals of Emergency Medicine 21, no. 4 (April 1992): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82665-4.

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Yılmaz, Mustafa. "Isolated middle sacral artery rupture after blunt abdominal trauma in a pediatric patient." Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 28, no. 3 (August 28, 2020): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2020.19481.

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Blunt abdominal aortic injuries are very rare in childhood. In these injuries, abdominal aorta and intra-abdominal organs can be damaged to various degrees. In this article, we report a unique pediatric case of isolated middle sacral artery injury following trauma.

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Srivastava, Vivek, Anil Kohli, and K. K. Banerjee. "New Injury Severity Score in Fatal Blunt Thoracoabdominal Trauma in North East Delhi." Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 37, no. 1 (2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0848.2015.00015.9.

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Herbert, Joseph P., Sidish S. Venkataraman, Ali H. Turkmani, Liang Zhu, Marcia L. Kerr, Rajan P. Patel, Irma T. Ugalde, et al. "Pediatric blunt cerebrovascular injury: the McGovern screening score." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 21, no. 6 (June 2018): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.12.peds17498.

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OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to assess the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) at a busy Level 1 trauma center and to develop a tool for accurately predicting pediatric BCVI and the need for diagnostic testing.METHODSThis is a retrospective cohort study of a prospectively collected database of pediatric patients who had sustained blunt trauma (patient age range 0–15 years) and were treated at a Level 1 trauma center between 2005 and 2015. Digital subtraction angiography, MR angiography, or CT angiography was used to confirm BCVI. Recently, the Utah score has emerged as a screening tool specifically targeted toward evaluating BCVI risk in the pediatric population. Using logistical regression and adding mechanism of injury as a logit, the McGovern score was able to use the Utah score as a starting point to create a more sensitive screening tool to identify which pediatric trauma patients should receive angiographic imaging due to a high risk for BCVI.RESULTSA total of 12,614 patients (mean age 6.6 years) were admitted with blunt trauma and prospectively registered in the trauma database. Of these, 460 (3.6%) patients underwent angiography after blunt trauma: 295 (64.1%), 107 (23.3%), 6 (1.3%), and 52 (11.3%) patients underwent CT angiography, MR angiography, digital subtraction angiography, and a combination of imaging modalities, respectively. The BCVI incidence (n = 21; 0.17%) was lower than that in a comparable adult group (p < 0.05). The mean patient was age 10.4 years with a mean follow-up of 7.5 months. Eleven patients (52.4%) were involved in a motor vehicle collision, with a mean Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8.6. There were 8 patients (38.1%) with carotid canal fracture, 6 patients (28.6%) with petrous bone fracture, and 2 patients (9.5%) with infarction on initial presentation. Eight patients (38.1%) were managed with observation alone. The Denver, modified Memphis, Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST), and Utah scores, which are the currently used screening tools for BCVI, misclassified 6 (28.6%), 6 (28.6%), 7 (33.3%), and 10 (47.6%) patients with BCVI, respectively, as “low risk” and not in need of subsequent angiographic imaging. By incorporating the mechanism of injury into the score, the McGovern score only misclassified 4 (19.0%) children, all of whom were managed conservatively with no treatment or aspirin.CONCLUSIONSWith a low incidence of pediatric BCVI and a nonsurgical treatment paradigm, a more conservative approach than the Biffl scale should be adopted. The Denver, modified Memphis, EAST, and Utah scores did not accurately predict BCVI in our equally large cohort. The McGovern score is the first BCVI screening tool to incorporate the mechanism of injury into its screening criteria, thereby potentially allowing physicians to minimize unnecessary radiation and determine which high-risk patients are truly in need of angiographic imaging.

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DeSoucy, Erik Scott, Melissa Loja, Joseph Dubose, Anthony Estrera, Ben Starnes, and Ali Azzizadeh. "Contemporary Management of Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury." Journal of Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management 1, no. 1 (August 18, 2017): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26676/jevtm.v1i1.8.

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Objective: To determine contemporary management practices for BTAI among trauma and vascular surgeons. Methods: A survey of EAST, AAST and SVS membership regarding BTAI care was conducted. Results: 404 respondents included trauma (52.5%), vascular (42.6%) and other specialty providers (4.5%) primarily from North American (90.6%) academic teaching institutions (71.0%) / ACS Level I trauma centers (58.9%). Most respondents managed 1-5 BTAI annually (71.6%). Preferred diagnostic modality was CTA (99.8%), after which respondents stated they preferred to utilize personal knowledge of the literature and experience (50.5%), the SVS guidelines (27.4%) or institution specific guidelines (12.8%) to guide subsequent management. Respondents primarily agreed on the treatment of intimal tears (SVS G1) with medical management. For intramural hematoma (SVS G2), management choice was divided between medical (46.6%) and TEVAR (46.3%). Both groups defined TEVAR as treatment of choice for hemodynamically stable patients with pseudoanuerysm (SVS G3) (93.5%) and rupture (SVS G4) (82.2%), although more trauma surgeons preferred open repair (20.4%) than vascular counterparts (4.1%) in stable G4 patients. Preferred medical management goals varied between MAP (37.3%) and SBP (62.3%) targets. Preferences also varied in adjuncts for open repair [Left heart bypass 56.5%; Clamp and Sew 46.1%; CSF drainage 48.5%] and TEVAR [percutaneous puncture for arterial access 58.4%; open vascular exposure 65.5%, IVUS 36.1%, CSF drainage 28.9%]. Outpatient follow-up timing (2 weeks 37.0%, 1 month 37.2%) and initial type (clinical exam 36.6%, CTA 48.3%) also varied. Conclusions: Survey of trauma and vascular surgeons illustrates controversy regarding SVS G2 treatment, surgical adjuncts and follow-up. Additional study is required to identify optimal BTAI management.

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Patel, Alpen, and Eli Groppo. "Management of Temporal Bone Trauma." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 3, no. 2 (June 2010): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1254383.

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The temporal bones are paired structures located on the lateral aspects of the skull and contribute to the skull base. Trauma is usually the result of blunt head injury and can result in damage to the brain and meninges, the middle and internal ear, and the facial nerve. Complications can include intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral contusion, CSF leak and meningitis, hearing loss, vertigo, and facial paralysis. To prevent these complications, diagnosis followed by appropriate medical and surgical management is critical. Diagnosis relies primarily on physical signs and symptoms as well as radiographic imaging. Emergent intervention is required in situations involving herniation of the brain into the middle ear cavity or hemorrhage of the intratemporal carotid artery. Patients with declining facial nerve function are candidates for early surgical intervention. Conductive hearing loss can be corrected surgically as an elective procedure, while sensorineural hearing loss carries a poor prognosis, regardless of management approach. Children generally recover from temporal bone trauma with fewer complications than adults and experience a markedly lower incidence of facial nerve paralysis.

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Matsubara, Kei, Takahiko Misao, Shin-ichi Kawana, Yuuya Kokita, Takeshi Yoshikawa, and Motoi Aoe. "A case of complete transection of the middle lobe bronchus due to blunt trauma." Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 32, no. 2 (2018): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2995/jacsurg.32.216.

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OKAZAKI, Mitsuyoshi, Hidehiro TAJIMA, Tatsuya AOKI, Shinichi NAKANUMA, Isamu MAKINO, and Tetsuo OHTA. "A Case of Pseudoaneurysm of the Middle Colic Artery due to Abdominal Blunt Trauma." Nihon Rinsho Geka Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of Japan Surgical Association) 80, no. 11 (2019): 1978–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/jjsa.80.1978.

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Patel, Sayjal, David D. Zabel, and Gerard Fulda. "Isolated Avulsion of the Middle Colic Artery with Colonic Infarction after Blunt Abdominal Trauma." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 43, no. 1 (July 1997): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199707000-00033.

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Coimbra, Raul, José Ribeiro Aguiar, Samir Rasslan, and Silvio Pires Ressurreição. "Colonic (splenic flexure) necrosis due to thrombosis of the middle colic artery following blunt abdominal trauma." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 112, no. 3 (September 1994): 622–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31801994000300009.

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We report an unusual case of a 28-year-old man who developed a colonic necrosis due to thrombosis of the middle colic artery 18 hours following blunt abdominal trauma. Although rare, this condition can occur in those patients whom non surgical treatment was initially performed.

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Sim, Minyoung. "Psychological trauma of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome victims and bereaved families." Epidemiology and Health 38 (December 2, 2016): e2016054. http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016054.

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Marciuc, Emilia, M. Barcan, B. Dobrovăţ, Roxana Popescu, Cornelia Tudorache, and Danisia Haba. "Unusual Posttraumatic Vascular and Cerebral Injuries in Young Patients." Romanian Neurosurgery 32, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/romneu-2018-0029.

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Abstract Blunt carotid artery injury is a relatively rare but potentially lethal injury that predominantly occurs in high-impact mechanisms such as motor-vehicle collision. Any simptoms or neurological deficits following a multiple trauma patient mandates a thorough evaluation and consideration of BCI. This is a case report on two young patients with neurologic simptoms developed after blunt trauma in the cervical region. Both patients had left internal carotid artery dissection diagnosed on a CT-angiography, followed by middle cerebral artery territory infarction. Although it can be a delayed onset with no signs of vascular demage, we believe that, by implementing a protocol with additional imaging for early detection, we can prevent a devastating outcome.

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Smith, Lou M., Manmohan K. Ghanta, Alan B. Marr, Angela Fried, Abby K. Martin, and Lester Johnson. "EVALUATION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE IN BLUNT TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH ATTENTION TO THE EAST GUIDELINES." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 59, no. 2 (August 2005): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200508000-00106.

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Pera, Miguel, Isabel M. Real, Marta Pascual, Isidro Martinez, and Luis Grande. "Massive Rectal Hemorrhage from the Middle Hemorrhoidal Artery after Blunt Perineal Trauma Without Pelvic Fracture." European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 33, no. 1 (February 2007): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00068-007-5125-x.

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Bitar, George, and Philip Touska. "Imaging in trauma of the facial skeleton and soft tissues of the neck." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 81, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2020.0008.

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Trauma to the face and neck is a frequent reason for emergency department attendance. Imaging is invaluable in the characterisation of such injuries, enabling delineation of fracture patterns as well as identification of vascular and other soft tissue injuries. It may also be used to prevent long-term mortality and morbidity and provide a roadmap for surgical intervention so that form and function may be restored. This article gives a pictorial review of the imaging of craniofacial trauma, stratified according to the thirds of the face, followed by a review of blunt and penetrating trauma of the neck. It discusses appropriate imaging modalities for each trauma category, describes major patterns of craniofacial trauma on cross-sectional imaging and identifies clinically relevant imaging features that should trigger subspecialist review or be of relevance to pre-surgical planning. It starts with the upper third comprising frontal sinus fractures before describing the component fractures of the middle third (including nasal, zygomaticomaxillary and orbital fractures) and then focusing on the lower third (specifically mandibular and dentoalveolar fractures). The article concludes with a review of soft tissue injuries of the neck, particularly penetrating, blunt and laryngeal trauma.

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Watts, Dorraine D., and Samir M. Fakhry. "Incidence of Hollow Viscus Injury in Blunt Trauma: An Analysis from 275,557 Trauma Admissions from the EAST Multi-Institutional Trial." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 54, no. 2 (February 2003): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ta.0000046261.06976.6a.

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Anyama, Best, Daniela Treitl, Jeffery Wessell, Rachele Solomon, and Andrew A. Rosenthal. "Delayed Stroke following Blunt Neck Trauma: A Case Illustration with Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3931985.

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Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) to the carotid artery is a relatively rare injury that is difficult to identify even with imaging. Any symptoms or neurological deficits following blunt neck injury mandate evaluation and consideration of BCVI. In an effort to highlight this issue, we report the case of a 31-year-old male patient who presented with left-sided weakness consistent with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and concussion. The patient’s symptoms occurred within 24 hours of a blunt neck injury sustained by a knee strike during a basketball game. An initial computerized tomography (CT) scan of the brain was normal; a CT angiogram (CTA) of the neck and carotids did not reveal obstruction, dissection, stenosis, or abnormalities of the carotid or vertebral vessels and the patient was subsequently discharged. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain obtained four days after the initial injury demonstrated an acute infarct in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Thus, despite initial negative imaging, neurological deficits must be aggressively pursued in order to prevent stroke in BCVI cases.

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Stabina, Solvita, Aleksejs Kaminskis, and Guntars Pupelis. "Start of Polytrauma Management in University Hospital: First Experience with Liver Trauma." Acta Chirurgica Latviensis 14, no. 1 (November 24, 2014): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/chilat-2014-0104.

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Summary Introduction. Trauma is a leading cause of death, particularly among young patients. Spleen is the most commonly damaged organ in blunt abdominal trauma and liver injury is the main cause of death. Aim of the study. Review of the literature and recent clinical experience in the management of blunt liver injuries in the Riga East clinical university hospital. Materials and methods. Three-year experience in the management of liver traumatic rupture was retrospectively and prospectively analysed. The study included 64 patients over 15 years of age with blunt hepatic injuries. Exclusion criteria were patients with life-incompatible haemorrhagic shock. The Statistical analysis of the data was performed by median and mean of the Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 22 version. Results. A total of 64 patients were treated in our institution during the period from November 2010 till November 2013. Isolated liver injuries were diagnosed in 49 cases, combined liver and spleen injuries in 15 cases. Most commonly mechanism ofinjury were road traffic accidents, falls and low energy blunt traumas (criminal beaten, sports injuries);19 patients underwent laparotomy for haemostasis while nonoperative management was used in 45 patients. Haemodynamic stability of the patient and CT confirmed liver injury were the main criteria for nonoperative management. One patient died atthe time of laparotomy from injuries not compatible with life – severe head injury with basal skull fracture, aortic arc rupture, flail chest and liver and spleen injury. Conclusions. Conservative management of liver trauma is justified in haemodynamically(HD) stable patients after thorough risk assessment and computed tomography (CT) based injury grading in centres with sufficient expertise and medical resources.

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Williams, Michael D., Dorraine Watts, and Samir Fakhry. "Colon Injury after Blunt Abdominal Trauma: Results of the EAST Multi-institutional Hollow Viscus Injury Study." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 55, no. 5 (November 2003): 906–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ta.0000093243.01377.9b.

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Ota, Hideki, Hideki Kawai, Shuntaro Togashi, and Tsubasa Matsuo. "Video-Assisted Minithoracotomy for Pulmonary Laceration with a Massive Hemothorax." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/454970.

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Severe intrathoracic hemorrhage from pulmonary parenchyma is the most serious complication of pulmonary laceration after blunt trauma requiring immediate surgical hemostasis through open thoracotomy. The safety and efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) techniques for this life-threatening condition have not been fully evaluated yet. We report a case of pulmonary laceration with a massive hemothorax after blunt trauma successfully treated using a combination of muscle-sparing minithoracotomy with VATS techniques (video-assisted minithoracotomy). A 22-year-old man was transferred to our department after a falling accident. A diagnosis of right-sided pneumothorax was made on physical examination and urgent chest decompression was performed with a tube thoracostomy. Chest computed tomographic scan revealed pulmonary laceration with hematoma in the right lung. The pulmonary hematoma extending along segmental pulmonary artery in the helium of the middle lobe ruptured suddenly into the thoracic cavity, resulting in hemorrhagic shock on the fourth day after admission. Emergency right middle lobectomy was performed through video-assisted minithoracotomy. We used two cotton dissectors as a chopstick for achieving compression hemostasis during surgery. The patient recovered satisfactorily. Video-assisted minithoracotomy can be an alternative approach for the treatment of pulmonary lacerations with a massive hemothorax in hemodynamically unstable patients.

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Hoff, William S., Michelle Holevar, Kimberly K. Nagy, Lisa Patterson, Jeffrey S. Young, Abenamar Arrillaga, Michael P. Najarian, and Carl P. Valenziano. "Practice Management Guidelines for the Evaluation of Blunt Abdominal Trauma: The EAST Practice Management Guidelines Work Group." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 53, no. 3 (September 2002): 602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200209000-00038.

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TAMURA, Hikaru, Koji KOINUMA, Koichi SUGIURA, Masaki OKADA, and Masao KOJIMA. "A CASE OF A MIDDLE COLIC PSEUDOANEURYSM PRESUMED TO HAVE RUPTURED 5 YEARS AFTER AN ABDOMINAL BLUNT TRAUMA." Nihon Rinsho Geka Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of Japan Surgical Association) 68, no. 3 (2007): 612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3919/jjsa.68.612.

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Feng, Yening, Neil Patel, Anthony Burrows, John Lane, Aditya Raghunathan, Jamie Van Gompel, and Matthew Carlson. "Expansile Traumatic Neuroma of the Intratemporal Facial Nerve." Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports 80, no. 01 (January 2019): e10-e13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685212.

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Objectives To present a rare case of traumatic facial neuroma involving the geniculate ganglion and review relevant literature. Patient Thirty-year-old man. Intervention Microsurgical resection via combined mastoid-middle fossa approach with great auricular nerve interpositional graft. Main Outcome Measures Patient demographics and pre- and postoperative facial nerve function. Results A 30-year-old man with a reported history of prior Bell's palsy developed progressive complete (House–Brackmann VI) right facial paralysis following blunt trauma. Imaging was strongly suggestive of a geniculate ganglion hemangioma. As the patient had no spontaneous improvement in his poor facial function over the course of 9 months, he underwent resection of the facial nerve lesion with great auricular nerve graft interposition via a combined mastoid-middle fossa approach. Histopathology demonstrated disorganized fascicles, with axonal clustering reminiscent of sprouting/regeneration following trauma. No cellular proliferation or vascular malformation was present. Conclusion Traumatic facial nerve neuromas can occur following temporal bone trauma and can closely mimic primary facial nerve tumors. Akin to the management of geniculate ganglion hemangioma and schwannoma, preoperative facial function largely dictates if and when surgery should be pursued.

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Puff, Jayme, and Kimberly Renk. "Preschool PTSD Treatment (PPT) for a Young Child Exposed to Trauma in the Middle East." Clinical Case Studies 14, no. 5 (February 5, 2015): 388–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534650115569759.

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Mehmood, Amber, Edward Chan, Katharine Allen, Ammar Al-Kashmiri, Ali Al-Busaidi, Jehan Al-Abri, Mohamed Al-Yazidi, Abdullah Al-Maniri, and Adnan A. Hyder. "Development of an mHealth trauma registry in the Middle East using an implementation science framework." Global Health Action 10, no. 1 (January 2017): 1380360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2017.1380360.

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Jain, Rajan, T. R. Marotta, G. Redekop, and D. W. Anderson Vancouver. "Management of Aberrant Internal Carotid Artery Injury: A Real Emergency." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 5 (November 2002): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.129818.

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Carotid artery pseudoaneurysm or fistula formation can occur due to spontaneous dissection, blunt or penetrating trauma, or iatrogenic injury. Most of the iatrogenic injuries in the petrous region occur during middle ear operations in patients with an aberrant internal carotid artery (ICA). Aberrant ICA is a rare anomaly that can be associated with life-threatening aural hemorrhage if inadvertently injured during middle ear surgery. Other causes of unexpected hemorrhage during or after middle ear surgery include high jugular bulb, aneurysm, and glomus tumor. The management of aberrant ICA injury has always been a challenging task because of the difficult surgical approach. With major advances in the neuroendovascular field, endovascular treatment of these lesions can be quick and effective. We discuss here a case of endovascular management of an aberrant ICA that was probably injured during previous middle ear operations that led to pseudoaneurysm formation and ruptured subsequent to ear infection and drainage.

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HAIDER, IRFAN ZAFAR, TAHIR AHMAD KHAN, and TAHIR AHMAD KHAN. "CLAVICLE FRACTURES." Professional Medical Journal 17, no. 02 (June 10, 2010): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.02.2442.

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Objective: To emphasize upon the frequency of fractures of clavicle due to indirect blunt trauma caused by road traffic accidents and falls from heights and their sequalae. Design: Observational descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Bannu during a period of two years from June 2003 to May 2005. Patients and Methods: Patients included in the study were the trauma patients brought to Combined Military Hospital Bannu during a civil –military conflict in tribal areas of North and South aziristan . Patients had sustained multiple injuries mostly due to road traffic accidents in hilly terrain , falls from heights and combat scuffles. Out of these trauma victims, 746 patients fractures of the clavicle were grouped, analyzed, treated with standard treatment methods and patients were followed up for the varying periods of time. Results: Out of 746 patients treated at our hospital, 84 were having fracture of clavicle(10.8%). 53 patients (63.1%) with clavicle fracture had fracture involving middle third of the clavicle , 20 patients (23.8%)had fracture of lateral third, and 11patients (13.1%) had fractures involving medial third of the clavicle. Conclusion: Clavicle is a bone which is at risk of fracture in cases of indirect blunt traumabecause the first human reaction in any violence or assault is to protect oneself by using the upper limbs. Its peculiar development and anatomical shape makes it vulnerable to fracture in most physical insults. However , it usually unites by conservative methods and even considerable non-union does not significantly affect function.

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Irfan, Furqan B., Sameer A. Pathan, Zain A. Bhutta, Mohamed E. Abbasy, Amr Elmoheen, Abdallah M. Elsaeidy, Tooba Tariq, et al. "Health System Response and Adaptation to the Largest Sandstorm in the Middle East." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11, no. 2 (August 19, 2016): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.111.

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AbstractThe State of Qatar experienced a sandstorm on the night of April 1, 2015, lasting approximately 12 hours, with winds of more than 100 km/h and average particulate matter of approximately 10 μm in diameter. The emergency department (ED) of the main tertiary hospital in Qatar managed 62% of the total emergency calls and those of higher triage order. The peak load of patients during the event manifested approximately 6 hours after the onset. The Major Emergency Command Centre of the hospital ensured the department was maximally organized in terms of disaster management, and established protocols were brought into action. Multiple timely meetings were convened in efforts to effectively execute plans that included rapid emergency medical services handover time, resourcing staff, maximizing bed space, preventing dust entry in the ED, bypassing certain administrative processes, canceling day-surgeries that did not affect inpatient morbidity, and procuring additional respiratory equipment. Patients arrived mainly with exacerbations of asthma and respiratory distress, ophthalmic emergencies, and vehicular trauma; surprisingly, the incidence of pedestrian injuries did not vary. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:227–238)

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Abalikšta, Tomas, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, and Raimundas Lunevičius. "Blužnies sužalojimai dėl uždaros pilvo traumos." Lietuvos chirurgija 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2007.3.2238.

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Tomas Abalikšta, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Vilniaus universiteto Bendrosios chirurgijos centras;Gastroenterologijos, nefrologijos ir chirurgijos klinika,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: aee703@hotmail.com Tikslas Išanalizuoti pagrindines uždarų pilvo traumų, kai sužalojama blužnis, priežastis, pasiskirstymą pagal ligonių amžių, lytį, organo pažeidimo laipsnį. Apžvelgti ir palyginti taikytus operacinio ir konservatyvaus gydymo metodus, gulėjimo stacionare laiką ir komplikacijas. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyviai išanalizuotos 154 pacientų, gydytų Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės (VGPUL) chirurgijos skyriuose nuo 1996 m. sausio 1 d. iki 2005 m. gruodžio 31 d. dėl blužnies sužalojimo po uždaros pilvo traumos, ligos istorijos. Rezultatai Per minėtą laikotarpį dėl blužnies sužalojimo po uždaros pilvo traumos gydyta 113 vyrų ir 41 moteris. Izoliuota blužnies trauma pasitaikė 108 atvejais (70%), o 46 atvejais (30%) kartu buvo ir kitų organų pažeidimas, dažnai dauginis (poli-trauma). Pagrindinės traumos priežastys: eismo įvykiai – 34%, smurtiniai sužalojimai – 29%, griuvimai – 10%, kritimai iš aukščio – 8%, kitos ar nežinomos priežastys – 8%, traumą neigė 11% pacientų. Vidutinis pacientų vyrų amžius – 34,2 metų, moterų – 39,7 metų. Pasiskirstymas pagal blužnies pažeidimo laipsnį: I° – 11%, II° – 22%, III° – 40%, IV° – 18%, V° – 9%. Visi 46 politrauminiai ligoniai operuoti skubos tvarka, visiems atlikta splenektomija. Vidutinis gulėjimo laikas – 21,4 dienos. 14 (30%) iš šių ligonių mirė ankstyvu potrauminiu laikotarpiu nuo sunkių gretutinių sužalojimų. Iš 108 ligonių, kuriems buvo izoliuota blužnies trauma, operuoti 96 (89%) ligoniai: 90 ligonių atlikta splenektomija, 6 – susiūta blužnis (vienas iš jų operuotas antrą kartą dėl pasikartojusio kraujavimo, atlikta splenektomija). Vidutinis operuotų ligonių gulėjimo laikas – 9,9 dienos, vėlyvu laikotarpiu 1 ligonis mirė susiformavus podiafragminiam pūliniui ir išsivysčiusius sepsiui. Dvylika (11%) ligonių gydyta konservatyviai. Gulėjimo ligoninėje laikas – 9,6 dienos. Viena konservatyviai gydyta ligonė operuota po 4 mėn. dėl susidariusios blužnies cistos, atlikta splenektomija. Kitų komplikacijų po konservatyvaus gydymo nebuvo. Išvados Pagrindinės blužnies traumų priežastys – eismo įvykiai ir smurtiniai sužalojimai. Vyrams blužnies trauma dažnesnė nei moterims. Dažniausiai nukenčia darbingo amžiaus žmonės. Apie 30% ligonių būna dauginis organų pažeidimas ir su tuo susijęs didelis mirštamumas. Esant izoliuotai blužnies traumai dažniau galima atlikti blužnį išsaugančias operacijas. Konservatyviai sėkmingai išgydyta 12 ligonių, patyrusių izoliuotą blužnies traumą, tačiau kad toks gydymo metodas būtų taikomas plačiau, reikėtų patvirtintų ligonių atrankos kriterijų ir gydymo algoritmų, modernios diagnostikos galimybių aktyviai stebėti ligonį. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: uždara blužnies trauma, splenektomija, konservatyvus gydymas. Blunt splenic injury Tomas Abalikšta, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilnius University Emergency Hospital, Center of General Surgery; Clinic of Gastroenterology,Nephrology and Surgery of Vilnius University, Šiltnamių str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: aee703@hotmail.com Objective The objective of our study was to determine the main causes of blunt splenic injuries and their distribution by age, sex and splenic injury grade; to evaluate the operative and conservative management methods applied, to compare the lengh of hospital stay and complications. Methods The records of 154 patients admitted to the Vilnius University Emergency Hospital with blunt splenic injuries in the period from 01 01 1996 to 31 12 2005 were retrospectively analysed. Results During the study period, 113 men and 41 women were admitted to our hospital with blunt splenic injury. In 108 (70%) cases isolated splenic injury was found and concomitant (often multiple or polytrauma) trauma was dignosed in 46 (30%) patients. The main causes of splenic traumas were: traffic accidents 34%, assault 29%, falling down 10%, falling from height 8%, other or unknown causes 8%. 11% of patiens denied traumas. The mean age of men was 34.2 and of women 39.7 years. The distribution by splenic injury grade was: I° – 11%, II° – 22%, III° – 40%, IV° – 18%, V° – 9%. In all 46 polytrauma cases, operative management was applied, splenectomy was performed. The average hospital stay was 21.4 days. 14 (30%) of these patients died in the early post-traumatic period due to heavy concomitant injuries. In the case of isolated splenic injury (n - 108), 96 (89%) patients were operated on: 90 splenectomies and 6 splenorrhaphies were performed. The mean hospital stay of 9.9 days was noted for this group. One patient died in the late postoperative period after subphrenic abscess formation and sepsis. In 12 (11%) cases nonoperative management was applied. The mean hospital stay was 9.6 days. One of these patients was operated on after 4 months due to splenic cyst formation; splenectomy was performed. No other complications after conservative management were noted. Conclusions The main causes of blunt splenic injuries were traffic accidents and assault. Blunt splenic trauma was more common in males. Blunt splenic trauma was most frequent among middle-aged population. Multiple organ injuries and the associated high mortality were present in 30% of cases. In the case of operative treatment of isolated splenic injury, splenic salvage should be preferred. Twelve patients with isolated blunt splenic injuries were successfully treated nonoperatively. Criteria of patient selection for nonoperative treatment and the treatment algorithms should be accepted for a wider usage of this method of management. Keywords: blunt splenic injury, splenectomy, nonoperative management

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Aluisio, Adam R., Robert Gore, Isnelle Decome, Annelies De Wulf, and Christina Bloem. "Prehospital Characteristics in the North East Department of Haiti: A Cross-sectional Study from a Low-income Setting Without Prehospital Systems." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 3 (May 12, 2014): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14000430.

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AbstractIntroductionAlthough prehospital care is recognized as key in health systems development, it has been largely neglected in Haiti. The North East Department is one of the poorest areas of Haiti, and is a region where no data on out-of-hospital health care exists. This research assessed prehospital characteristics in the North East Department with the aim of providing baseline data to inform prehospital systems development.MethodsIn this observational study, data were collected from patients presenting at the Fort Liberté Hospital, the public regional referral health center in the North East Department. Data were accrued from April 2, 2012 through June 5, 2012. All patients accessing acute care at the hospital were eligible for enrollment. After obtaining consent, data on demographics, health needs, and prehospital information were gathered via a standardized questionnaire administered by hospital staff trained in study protocols.ResultsData were collected from 441 patient visits. The median age was 24 years, with 62% of the population being female. Medical complaints comprised 75% of visits, with fever and gastrointestinal complaints being the most common reasons for presentation. Traumatic injuries accounted for 25% of encounters, with an equal distribution of blunt and penetrating events. Extremity injuries were the most common traumatic subclassification. The majority of patients (67.2%) were transported by motorcycle taxi and paid transport fees. Trauma patients were more likely to be transported without charge (OR = 9.10; 95% CI, 2.19-37.76;P< .001). Medical patients were most commonly brought from home (78.5%) and trauma patients from a road/street setting (42.9%). Median time to presentation was 240 minutes (IQR = 120-500) and 65 minutes (IQR = 30-150) for medical and trauma complaints, respectively (P< .001). Eleven percent of patients reported receiving care prior to arrival. As compared with medical patients, trauma victims were less likely to have received prehospital care.ConclusionsAssessing prehospital care in this low-income setting that lacks surveillance systems was feasible and required minimal resources. Motorcycle taxi drivers function as the primary emergency transport mechanism and may represent an access point for prehospital interventions in the North East Department of Haiti. Out-of-hospital care is nearly nonexistent in the region and its development has the potential to yield public health benefits.AluisioAR,GoreR,DecomeI,De WulfA,BloemC.Prehospital characteristics in the North East Department of Haiti: a cross-sectional study from a low-income setting without prehospital systems.Prehosp Disaster Med.2014;29(3):1-7.

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Maercker, Andreas, and Anke Karl. "Lifespan-Developmental Differences in Physiologic Reactivity to Loud Tones in Trauma Victims: A Pilot Study." Psychological Reports 93, no. 3 (December 2003): 941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3.941.

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Age at exposure to trauma has been identified as a risk factor for severity of trauma sequelae due to the developmental vulnerability of several brain structures involved in trauma processing. To investigate whether persons traumatized in adolescence show elevated arousal and startle reaction parameters, we studied persons traumatized by political imprisonment in the former East Germany either in their late adolescence or young adulthood (17–22 years, n = 9) or middle adulthood (35–50 years, n = 6). Physiological reactions (skin conductance, heart rate) to loud tones and self-report tests were measured. Covariance analysis yielded one significant difference, mean skin conductance response, with a higher mean for the younger group. Results are discussed in light of its limitations and further prospects.

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Reny Violeta, AK Ansyori, and Ramzi Amin. "Diagnosis and Management of Macular Holes Traumatic." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 2, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v2i1.15.

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Introduction. Macular hole is a defect in the retina involving the macula and fovea, in the form of damage to full thickness from the internal limiting membrane (ILM) to the outermost part of the photoreceptor layer . It was more often found in women. In patients with myopia disorders can be found at a younger age. In this case we report the macular hole caused by blunt trauma, as was the first time a macular hole case was discovered. Case Presentation. A man 24-year-old, Mr. C, came to Palembang RSMH eye clinic on August 15, 2014 with complaints of blurred right eye vision. Main Complaints: Right eye blurred. History Disease: Right eye blurred for about 3 months before entering the hospital. Blur is felt after the patient had a motorcycle accident 3 months ago. At that time the collision sufferer avoided the truck, the right eye hit the motorcycle handlebar, the patient then fell from the motorcycle and hit the highway head. A history of frequent headaches is denied, nausea, vomiting is denied, history of seeing in tunnels is denied. Supporting examination is Amsler Grid Oculi Dextra: there is a black hole in the middle of the image. differential diagnosis is Traumatic Macular Hole OD, Lamellar Macular Hole OD, work diagnosis is Traumatic Macular Hole stage 3 OD. Conclusion. Traumatic macular holes can occur immediately after blunt trauma to the eyeball, the accuracy of the diagnosis and the speed of the timing for surgery, greatly determining the prognosis. Vitrectomy and combined with internal limiting membrane peeling have been shown to provide excellent results in macular surgery in macular hole cases.

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Varela, Dimas Albertiny Barradas de Sousa, Priscila Vital Fialho, Mariana Mendes de Carvalho, Victor Hugo Moraes Salviano, Carlos Vinicius Moreira, and Alexandre Martins Seixas. "Correção funcional e estética de sequela de fratura fronto-naso-órbito-etmoidal – relato de caso." Full Dentistry in Science 12, no. 46 (2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24077/2021;1246-7075.

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Fronto-naso-orbito-etmoidal fractures, known as FNOE fractures, are the result of blunt trauma of high energy in the middle and upper third of the face. Presenting an approximate frequency of 5% to 15% of facial trauma in children and adults, respectively, FNOE fractures are found more commonly after motor vehicle accidents, physical aggression, falls or cycling accidents. The diagnosis and treatment of FNOE fractures are difficult to perform and, for this reason, the performance of a thorough clinical examination associated with a good imaging evaluation is of great importance in these traumas, as incorrect diagnosis and inadequate or late treatment generally result in aesthetic and functional. The treatment of this type of fracture must be defined after the identification of the extension, type of fracture, and affected structures in order to restore function and shape of the middle face. This study aimed to report a case of sequelae of FNOE fracture where there were aesthetic and respiratory complaints, treated with coronal access and subsequent reduction of nasal bones fracture and aesthetic correction of the nasal dorsum and glabella with the use of polymethylmethacrylate cement (PMMA). It was concluded that the early diagnosis of FNOE fractures is of great importance to avoid sequelae, with coronal access being a good access option for the surgical correction of these sequelae and the biocompatibility and handling characteristics, as well as the low cost of cement PMMA is a good option for grafting in corrections of craniofacial deformities.

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Montgomery, Edith. "Trauma and resilience in young refugees: A 9-year follow-up study." Development and Psychopathology 22, no. 2 (April 28, 2010): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000180.

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AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess and understand the long-term trajectory of psychological problems among young Middle Eastern refugees in Denmark. Participants were 131 young refugees from the Middle East (76 girls, 55 boys; mean age = 15.3 years) from 67 families. They were assessed first on arrival in Denmark in 1992–1993 and again 8–9 years later. The high prevalence of psychological problems at arrival was considerably reduced by the time of follow-up, but it was still somewhat higher than what has been found in most community studies using the same assessment tools. Groups of children differed in showing low levels of symptoms at arrival that were stable (spared) or increased (reacting) and high levels at arrival that persisted (traumatized) or decreased (adapted). The number of types of traumatic experiences before arrival distinguished the spared and the traumatized young refugees and the number of types of stressful events after arrival the adapted and the traumatized, also after corrections for age, sex, specific traumatic events, parents' education and health, and the social situation of the young refugees. The study emphasizes the importance of environmental factors for healthy long-term adaptation after traumatic experiences related to war and other organized violence.

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Pace, Michelle, and Ali Bilgic. "Trauma, Emotions, and Memory in World Politics: The Case of the European Union's Foreign Policy in the Middle East Conflict." Political Psychology 39, no. 3 (December 11, 2017): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pops.12459.

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Steinberg, Martin H. "Fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia." Blood 136, no. 21 (November 19, 2020): 2392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020007645.

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Abstract Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can blunt the pathophysiology, temper the clinical course, and offer prospects for curative therapy of sickle cell disease. This review focuses on (1) HbF quantitative trait loci and the geography of β-globin gene haplotypes, especially those found in the Middle East; (2) how HbF might differentially impact the pathophysiology and many subphenotypes of sickle cell disease; (3) clinical implications of person-to-person variation in the distribution of HbF among HbF-containing erythrocytes; and (4) reactivation of HbF gene expression using both pharmacologic and cell-based therapeutic approaches. A confluence of detailed understanding of the molecular basis of HbF gene expression, coupled with the ability to precisely target by genomic editing most areas of the genome, is producing important preliminary therapeutic results that could provide new options for cell-based therapeutics with curative intent.

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Syed Sheriff, Rebecca, Miranda Van Hooff, Gin Malhi, Blair Grace, and Alexander McFarlane. "Childhood trauma and the impact of deployment on the development of mental disorder in military males." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 5 (April 5, 2019): 818–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000655.

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AbstractBackgroundChildhood adversity is associated with mental disorder following military deployment. However, it is unclear how different childhood trauma profiles relate to developing a post-deployment disorder. We investigated childhood trauma prospectively in determining new post-deployment probable disorder.MethodsIn total, 1009 Regular male ADF personnel from the Australian Defence Force (ADF) Middle East Area of Operations (MEAO) Prospective Study provided pre- and post-deployment self-report data. Logistic regression and generalised structural equation modelling were utilised to examine associations between childhood trauma and new post-deployment probable disorder and possible mediator pathways through pre-deployment symptoms.ResultsThere were low rates of pre-deployment probable disorder. New post-deployment probable disorder was associated with childhood trauma, index deployment factors (combat role and deployment trauma) and pre-deployment symptoms but not with demographic, service or adult factors prior to the index deployment (including trauma, combat or previous deployment). Even after controlling for demographic, service and adult factors prior to the index deployment as well as index deployment trauma, childhood trauma was still a significant determinant of new post-deployment probable disorder. GSEM demonstrated that the association between interpersonal childhood trauma and new post-deployment probable disorder was fully mediated by pre-deployment symptoms. This was not the case for those who experienced childhood trauma that was not interpersonal in nature.ConclusionsTo determine the risk of developing a post-deployment disorder an understanding of the types of childhood trauma encountered is essential, and pre-deployment symptom screening alone is insufficient

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Abdul-Hamid, Walid Khalid, and Jamie Hacker Hughes. "Integration of Religion and Spirituality Into Trauma Psychotherapy: An Example in Sufism?" Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 9, no. 3 (2015): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.9.3.150.

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Bilateral stimulation (BLS) is of significant importance to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Eye movements seem to be the most effective form of BLS in EMDR. A brief summary of the cultural applicability of EMDR is provided, and research which showed the value of incorporating religion and/or spirituality into psychotherapy is highlighted. Islamic Sufism, in common with other traditional religions, has long been known to have a psychotherapeutic perspective and has been used over time to help people to overcome trauma and stress. This article argues that the ritual movements associated with the Sufi Dhikr may involve a form of BLS and that this might underline some of the therapeutic effectiveness of Dhikr and Sufism. The authors recommend investigating if the Sufi Dhikr element could be incorporated into a modified EMDR protocol. We anticipate that this would give EMDR an even wider and more popular acceptance in the Middle East and the Muslim world.

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Kennedy, Dane. "GERTRUDE BELL, The Arabian Diaries, 1913–1914, ed. Rosemary O'Brien (Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2000). Pp. 273." International Journal of Middle East Studies 34, no. 1 (February 2002): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743802271068.

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In December 1913, the English traveler and Orientalist Gertrude Bell set out from Damascus on a four-month journey that looped southeast through Arabia to the city of Hayyil, then north to Baghdad, and back across the Syrian desert to Damascus. The Syrian portion of the passage was already familiar to her, and she was not the first European to follow the caravan routes through Arabia. Charles Doughty and Wilfred and Anne Blunt, among others, had preceded her. Nor did her efforts significantly advance European knowledge of the region. But her willingness to undertake such an arduous and dangerous journey without European companions won her a gold medal from the Royal Geographical Society and a reputation as an authority on the Middle East, subsequently reinforced by her role in intelligence for the Arab Bureau during World War I and in the establishment of the British-dominated Iraqi state afterward.

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Ostergaard, Liv Stubbe, Helle Wallach-Kildemoes, Marie H. Thøgersen, Ulrik B. Dragsted, Annemette Oxholm, Ole Hartling, and Marie Norredam. "Prevalence of torture and trauma history among immigrants in primary care in Denmark: do general practitioners ask?" European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 6 (August 25, 2020): 1163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa138.

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Abstract Background Torture survivors typically present with varied and complex symptoms, which may challenge assessment by general practitioners (GPs). This study explored the prevalence of torture and trauma history among immigrants born in non-Western countries presenting to GPs in Denmark and the extent to which GPs ask this population about torture or trauma history. Methods Based on a self-reported questionnaire among non-western immigrant patients, we used bivariate analyses to determine the prevalence of torture and trauma history and the proportion of patients being asked by their GP about this. Data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Results From 46 GP clinics, 300 questionnaires were finalized by immigrant patients. Twenty-eight percent of the patients had a history of torture. Of these, significantly more were men (70%) than women (29%). About half of the torture survivors (55%) had been asked by their GP about torture history. The odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval) for being asked about torture history by the GP was 1.28 (0.46–3.53) among women compared with men. Compared with Southeast Europe, OR for being a torture survivor among male immigrants from Middle East-North African region and South and East Asia was 1.83 (0.81–4.15) and 0.25 (0.08–0.82), respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that torture and trauma are widespread among immigrants presenting to GPs. In our study, the GPs had managed to detect half of the torture survivors. A more systematic approach to detection in General Practice is advisable, and more knowledge on how and when to ask is needed.

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Nemani, Tarishi, Puja Mehta, and Anaita Udwadia-Hegde. "Biotin–Thiamine Responsive Basal Ganglia Disease: A Treatable Metabolic Encephalopathy—Not to Be Missed!" Journal of Pediatric Neurology 18, no. 02 (December 21, 2018): 098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676811.

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AbstractBiotin–thiamine responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is an autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder, characterized by encephalopathy, extrapyramidal signs following mild infection, trauma or surgery and is potentially reversible with treatment. We describe a 15-month-old female child of Indian-Muslim origin with characteristic clinical and radiological features of BTBGD that showed complete resolution with treatment. A comparison with previously reported cases reveals a different mutation (exon 2 vs. exon 5 in middle east cases) in the SLC19A3 gene that could be specific for the Indian subcontinent. We also emphasize the importance of a trial of vitamins in patients with acute metabolic encephalopathy.

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Fakhry, Samir M., Dorraine D. Watts, and Fred A. Luchette. "Current Diagnostic Approaches Lack Sensitivity in the Diagnosis of Perforated Blunt Small Bowel Injury: Analysis from 275,557 Trauma Admissions from the EAST Multi-Institutional HVI Trial." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 54, no. 2 (February 2003): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ta.0000046256.80836.aa.

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Kim, Younglee, Eunju Seo, Youngseon Seo, Vivien Dee, and Eunhee Hong. "Effects of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus on post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout among registered nurses in South Korea." International Journal of Healthcare 4, no. 2 (June 7, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v4n2p27.

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Background: The unprecedented nationwide outbreak of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavarius (MERS-CoV) from June to July in 2015 took the Korean healthcare system unexpectedly and created physical and psychological stress and trauma to Registered Nurses unprepared to deal with the viral outbreak.Purpose: We investigated the effects of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout among Korean registered nurses (RNs).Methods: A descriptive cross sectional design using a self-administered survey of a convenience sample of 112 Korean RNs. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised-Korean version (IES-R-K) for PTSD and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) for burnout were utilized.Results: Overall prevalence for symptoms of PTSD was 50.0%. PTSD was significantly correlated to burnout (r = .480, p = .000), especially two burnout subscales, emotional exhaustion (r = .533, p = .000), and depersonalization (r = .497, p = .000).Conclusions: Future anticipatory guidance and management of traumatic outbreak or disaster should be considered for nurses’ mental health. Public health and safety at the national level must address quality health outcomes for both patients and healthcare professionals alike.

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Mokri, Bahram, David G. Piepgras, and O. Wayne Houser. "Traumatic dissections of the extracranial internal carotid artery." Journal of Neurosurgery 68, no. 2 (February 1988): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1988.68.2.0189.

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✓ Traumatic dissections of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) in 18 patients aged 19 to 55 years were studied. All had suffered blunt head or neck injury of marked or moderate severity; motor-vehicle accidents were the leading cause of the injury. Delayed focal cerebral ischemic symptoms were the most common presenting symptoms. Less commonly noted was focal unilateral headache associated with oculosympathetic paresis or bruit. Following a head injury, the abrupt onset of focal cerebral symptoms after a lucid interval should raise the suspicion of arterial injury, particularly when computerized tomography fails to show abnormalities that would explain the evolving neurological deficits on the basis of direct trauma to the brain. Unilateral headaches, oculosympathetic palsy, and bruits also help in establishing the diagnosis. Focal cerebral ischemic symptoms may develop months or years after the initial trauma. These delayed symptoms are caused by embolization from a thrombus within a residual dissecting aneurysm. Common angiographic findings, in decreasing order of frequency, are: aneurysm, stenosis of the lumen, occlusion, intimal flap, distal branch occlusion (embolization), and slow ICA-to-middle cerebral artery flow. Although two patients died as the result of massive cerebral infarction and edema and some were left with severe neurological deficits, most made a good recovery. Residual dissecting aneurysms and occlusion seem to occur more frequently with traumatic dissections than with spontaneous dissections of the extracranial ICA.

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Bajracharya, Kabindra, Bimala Bajracharya, Anjita Hirachan, and Kriti Joshi. "The pattern of ocular emergencies in Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v12i7.35373.

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Background: An ocular emergency is any condition in which early action is necessary to prevent severe and permanent damage to the eye. Aims and Objective: To describe the pattern of common ocular diseases presenting in emergency department. Materials and Methods: This was descriptive retrospective study conducted for the period of six months from 1st March 2019 to 31 August 2019, in emergency department of Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center, Bhairahawa, Nepal. The data were documented from medical records in terms of age, sex, presenting visual acuity in affected eye, address and diagnosis of the disease. Results: There were total 604 patients who visited in six months period, 439 male (72.68%), 165 female (27.32%) with male to female ratio of 2.66. The patients from Lumbini Zone were 490 (81.1%), out of Lumbini Zone, Nepal were 40 (6.6%) and 74 (12.3%) were from India. There were 182 (30.1%) patients below 16 years of age. The largest number of patients were between 21-40 years comprising 41.9%. The common ocular emergencies were foreign body (13.1%), blunt trauma (11.9%), conjunctivitis (10.4%), open globe injury (10.3%) and corneal epithelial defect (9.3%). Conclusion: Most of the patients in emergency were male. The middle age patients were common followed by pediatric age group. Trauma and conjunctivitis were the most common ocular emergencies.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Blunt trauma – Middle East'

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