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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bluff body stabilized flame

Academic literature on the topic 'Bluff body stabilized flame'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

1

Huang, R. F., and C. L. Lin. "Velocity Fields of Nonpremixed Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 122, no. 2 (March 2, 2000): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483166.

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The velocity fields of nonpremixed circular-disk stabilized flames are measured by a two-component laser Doppler velocimeter. The results are presented in different flow regimes: prepenetration, penetration, and large shear flow. The velocity-vector fields, streamline patterns, corresponding flame appearances, and axial length of recirculation bubble in different flow regimes are illustrated and compared. Mean velocity and turbulent stresses along the central axis are presented and discussed. The combustion characteristics in different characteristic flow regimes are presented through the discussion of entrainment, diffusion, mixing capabilities, flow patterns, and turbulence properties. The detached flames, particularly operating in the transition flow regime, offer a relatively efficient combustion situation. Operating the concentric-jets burner in the regime of high shear flow do not benefit mixing and flame stability through the bluff-body effect. [S0195-0738(00)00102-3]

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Vance, Faizan Habib, Yuriy Shoshin, Philip de Goey, and Jeroen van Oijen. "Flame Stabilization and Blow-Off of Ultra-Lean H2-Air Premixed Flames." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071977.

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The manner in which an ultra-lean hydrogen flame stabilizes and blows off is crucial for the understanding and design of safe and efficient combustion devices. In this study, we use experiments and numerical simulations for pure H2-air flames stabilized behind a cylindrical bluff body to reveal the underlying physics that make such flames stable and eventually blow-off. Results from CFD simulations are used to investigate the role of stretch and preferential diffusion after a qualitative validation with experiments. It is found that the flame displacement speed of flames stabilized beyond the lean flammability limit of a flat stretchless flame (ϕ=0.3) can be scaled with a relevant tubular flame displacement speed. This result is crucial as no scaling reference is available for such flames. We also confirm our previous hypothesis regarding lean limit blow-off for flames with a neck formation that such flames are quenched due to excessive local stretching. After extinction at the flame neck, flames with closed flame fronts are found to be stabilized inside a recirculation zone.

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Boopathi, S., P. Maran, V. Caleb Eugene, and S. Prabhu. "Analysis of Lift off Height and Blow-Off Mechanism of Turbulent Flame by V-Gutter Bluff Body." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.727.

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The experimental investigation has been carried out to study the stabilization and blowout mechanisms of turbulent flame stabilized by V-gutter bluff body in a square duct at reactive and non-reactive conditions. V-shaped bluff bodies made of stainless steel having 1.6 mm thicknessare used for stabilization of the flame.Experiments have been conducted at selective velocities of commercially available methane and oxygen with 60 degree V-gutter as flame holder. It is observed that at stoichiometric conditions, the V-gutter is dominated by shear layer stabilized flames. The flame stability is influenced by bluff body dimensions and mass flow rate which play a major role in combustion instabilities mixing of air fuel ratio and blow off. The lift off decreases at higher blockage ratios.A strong recirculation zone is found in this test rig immediately downstream of the V-Gutter which gradually subsides and disappears far downstream.The lift off height is not much affected by the velocity of the fuel-air mixture.

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Chang, Liuyong, Zhang Cao, Bo Fu, Yuzhen Lin, and Lijun Xu. "Lean blowout detection for bluff-body stabilized flame." Fuel 266 (April 2020): 117008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117008.

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Hossain, M., and W. Malalasekera. "A combustion model sensitivity study for CH4/H2 bluff-body stabilized flame." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 221, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes336.

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The objective of the current work is to assess the performance of different combustion models in predicting turbulent non-premixed combustion in conjunction with the k-∊ turbulence model. The laminar flamelet, equilibrium chemistry, constrained equilibrium chemistry, and flame sheet models are applied to simulate combustion in a CH4/H2 bluff-body flame experimentally studied by the University of Sydney. The computational results are compared to experimental values of mixture fraction, temperature, and constituent mass fractions. The comparison shows that the laminar flamelet model performs better than other combustion models and mimics most of the significant features of the bluff-body flame.

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Emerson, Benjamin, Jacqueline O’Connor, Matthew Juniper, and Tim Lieuwen. "Density ratio effects on reacting bluff-body flow field characteristics." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 706 (July 11, 2012): 219–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.248.

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AbstractThe wake characteristics of bluff-body-stabilized flames are a strong function of the density ratio across the flame and the relative offset between the flame and shear layer. This paper describes systematic experimental measurements and stability calculations of the dependence of the flow field characteristics and flame sheet dynamics upon flame density ratio,${\rho }_{u} / {\rho }_{b} $, over the Reynolds number range of 1000–3300. We show that two fundamentally different flame/flow behaviours are observed at high and low${\rho }_{u} / {\rho }_{b} $values: a stable, noise-driven fixed point and limit-cycle oscillations, respectively. These results are interpreted as a transition from convective to global instability and are captured well by stability calculations that used the measured velocity and density profiles as inputs. However, in this high-Reynolds-number flow, the measurements show that no abrupt bifurcation in flow/flame behaviour occurs at a given${\rho }_{u} / {\rho }_{b} $value. Rather, the flow field is highly intermittent in a transitional${\rho }_{u} / {\rho }_{b} $range, with the relative fraction of the two different flow/flame behaviours monotonically varying with${\rho }_{u} / {\rho }_{b} $. This intermittent behaviour is a result of parametric excitation of the global mode growth rate in the vicinity of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation. It is shown that this parametric excitation is due to random fluctuations in relative locations of the flame and shear layer.

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Shanbhogue, Santosh J., Michael Seelhorst, and Tim Lieuwen. "Vortex Phase-Jitter in Acoustically Excited Bluff Body Flames." International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics 1, no. 3 (September 2009): 365–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/175682709789141528.

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This paper describes an experimental study of the effect of acoustic excitation on bluff body stabilized flames, specifically on the flow field characteristics. The Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability of the shear layer is excited due to the incident acoustics. In turn, the KH instability imposes a convecting, harmonic excitation on the flame, which leads to spatially periodic flame wrinkling and heat-release oscillations. Understanding the factors influencing these heat release oscillations requires an understanding of the generation, convection, and dissipation of these vortical disturbances. Phase locked particle image velocimetry was carried out over a range of conditions to characterize the vortical dynamics. It was found that the vortex core location exhibits “phase jitter”, manifested as cycle-to-cycle variation in flame and vorticity field at the same excitation phase. Phase jitter is shown to be a function of separation point dynamics, downstream convection time, and amplitude of acoustic excitation. It leads to fairly significant differences between instantaneous and ensemble averaged flow fields and, in particular, the decay rate of the vorticity in the axial direction.

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Shin, Dong-Hyuk, Dmitriy V. Plaks, Tim Lieuwen, Ulises M. Mondragon, Christopher T. Brown, and Vincent G. McDonell. "Dynamics of a Longitudinally Forced, Bluff Body Stabilized Flame." Journal of Propulsion and Power 27, no. 1 (January 2011): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.48056.

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Nair, Suraj, and Tim Lieuwen. "Near-Blowoff Dynamics of a Bluff-Body Stabilized Flame." Journal of Propulsion and Power 23, no. 2 (March 2007): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.24650.

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Muradoglu, M. "PDF modeling of a bluff-body stabilized turbulent flame." Combustion and Flame 132, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-2180(02)00430-3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

1

Husain, Sajjad A. "Analysis of blowoff scaling of bluff body stabilized flames." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22565.

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Monfort, Jeffrey Ross. "Experimental Investigation into Thermo-Acoustic Instability in Pre-Mixed, Pre-Vaporized Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1438202236.

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Huelskamp, Bethany C. "The Development of a Correlation to Predict the Lean Blowout of Bluff Body Stabilized Flames with a Focus on Relevant Timescales and Fuel Characteristics." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1367192147.

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Shanbhogue, Santosh Janardhan. "Dynamics of perturbed exothermic bluff-body flow-fields." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24823.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Lieuwen, Tim; Committee Member: Gaeta, Rick; Committee Member: Menon, Suresh; Committee Member: Seitzman, Jerry; Committee Member: Zinn, Ben.

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Plaks, Dmitriy Vital. "Dynamics of longitudinally forced bluff body flames with varying dilatation ratios." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31767.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Tim Lieuwen; Committee Member: Jeff Jagoda; Committee Member: Suresh Menon. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Emerson, Benjamin L. "Dynamical characteristics of reacting bluff body wakes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49073.

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Combustion instability plagues the combustion community in a wide range of applications. This un-solved problem is especially prevalent and expensive in aerospace propulsion and ground power generation. The challenges associated with understanding and predicting combustion instability lie in the flame response to the acoustic field. One of the more complicated flame response mechanisms is the velocity coupled flame response, where the flame responds dynamically to the acoustic velocity as well as the vortically induced velocity field excited by the acoustics. This vortically induced, or hydrodynamic, velocity field holds critical importance to the flame response but is computationally expensive to predict, often requiring high fidelity CFD computations. Furthermore, its behavior can be a strong function of the numerous flow parameters that change over the operability map of a combustor. This research focuses on a nominally two dimensional bluff body combustor, which has rich hydrodynamic stability behavior with a manageable number of stability parameters. The work focuses first on experimentally characterizing the dynamical flow and flame behavior. Next, the research shifts focus toward hydrodynamic stability theory, using it to explain the physical phenomena observed in the experimental work. Additionally, the hydrodynamic stability work shows how the use of simple, model analysis can identify the important stability parameters and elucidate their governing physical roles. Finally, the research explores the forced response of the flow and flame while systematically varying the underlying hydrodynamic stability characteristics. In the case of longitudinal combustion instability of highly preheated bluff body combustors, it shows that conditions where an acoustic mode frequency equals the hydrodynamic global mode frequency are not especially dangerous from a combustion instability standpoint, and may actually have a reduced heat release response. This demonstrates the very non-intuitive role that the natural hydrodynamic flow stability plays in the forced heat release response of the flame. For the fluid mechanics community, this work contributes to the detailed understanding of both unforced and forced bluff body combustor dynamics, and shows how each is influenced by the underlying hydrodynamics. In particular, it emphasizes the role of the density-shear layer offset, and shows how its extreme sensitivity leads to complicated flow dynamics. For the flow-combustor community as a whole, the work reviews a pre-existing method to obtain the important flow stability parameters, and demonstrates a novel way to link those parameters to the governing flow physics. For the combustion instability community, this thesis emphasizes the importance of the hydrodynamic stability characteristics of the flow, and concludes by offering a paradigm for consideration of the hydrodynamics in a combustion instability problem.

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Nair, Suraj. "Acoustic Characterization of Flame Blowout Phenomenon." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10413.

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Combustor blowout is a very serious concern in modern land-based and aircraft engine combustors. The ability to sense blowout precursors can provide significant payoffs in engine reliability and life. The objective of this work is to characterize the blowout phenomenon and develop a sensing methodology which can detect and assess the proximity of a combustor to blowout by monitoring its acoustic signature, thus providing early warning before the actual blowout of the combustor. The first part of the work examines the blowout phenomenon in a piloted jet burner. As blowout was approached, the flame detached from one side of the burner and showed increased flame tip fluctuations, resulting in an increase in low frequency acoustics. Work was then focused on swirling combustion systems. Close to blowout, localized extinction/re-ignition events were observed, which manifested as bursts in the acoustic signal. These events increased in number and duration as the combustor approached blowout, resulting an increase in low frequency acoustics. A variety of spectral, wavelet and thresholding based approaches were developed to detect precursors to blowout. The third part of the study focused on a bluff body burner. It characterized the underlying flame dynamics near blowout in greater detail and related it to the observed acoustic emissions. Vorticity was found to play a significant role in the flame dynamics. The flame passed through two distinct stages prior to blowout. The first was associated with momentary strain levels that exceed the flames extinction strain rate, leading to flame holes. The second was due to large scale alteration of the fluid dynamics in the bluff body wake, leading to violent flapping of the flame front and even larger straining of the flame. This led to low frequency acoustic oscillations, of the order of von Karman vortex shedding. This manifested as an abrupt increase in combustion noise spectra at 40-100 Hz very close to blowout. Finally, work was also done to improve the robustness of lean blowout detection by developing integration techniques that combined data from acoustic and optical sensors.

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Cross, Caleb Nathaniel. "Combustion heat release effects on asymmetric vortex shedding from bluff bodies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42772.

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Combustion systems utilizing bluff bodies to stabilize the combustion processes can experience oscillatory heat release due to the alternate shedding of coherent, von Kármán vortices under certain operating conditions. This phenomenon needs to be understood in greater detail, since unsteady burning due to vortex shedding can lead to combustion instabilities and flame extinction in practical combustion systems. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the influence of combustion process heat release upon the Bénard-von Kármán (BVK) instability in reacting bluff body wakes. For this purpose, spatial and temporal heat release distributions in bluff body-stabilized combustion of liquid Jet-A fuel with high-temperature, vitiated air were characterized over a wide range of operating conditions. Upon comparing the spatial and temporal heat release distributions, the fuel entrainment and subsequent heat release in the near-wake were found to strongly influence the onset and amplitude of the BVK instability. As the amount of heat release in the near-wake decreased, the BVK instability increased in amplitude. This was attributed to the corresponding decrease in the local density gradient across the reacting shear layers, which resulted in less damping of vorticity due to gas expansion. The experimental results were compared to the results of a parallel, linear stability analysis in order to further understand the influence of the combustion processes in the near-wake upon the wake instability characteristics. The results of this analysis support the postulate that oscillatory heat release due to BVK vortex shedding is the result of local absolute instability in the near-wake, which is eliminated only if the temperature rise across the reacting shear layers is sufficiently high. Furthermore, the results of this thesis demonstrate that non-uniform fuelling of the near-wake reaction zone increases the likelihood of absolutely unstable, BVK flame dynamics due to the possibility of near-unity products-to-reactants density ratios locally, especially when the reactants temperature is high.

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Nambully, Suresh Kumar. "A Filtered-Laminar-Flame PDF subgrid scale closure for LES of Premixed Turbulent Flames : Application to a Stratified Bluff-body burner with Differential Diffusion." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845904.

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A sub-grid scale closure for Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion, based on physical space filtering of laminar flames is presented. The proposed formalism relies on a presumed probability density function (PDF) derived from the filtered laminar flames and flamelet tabulated chemistry. The combustion LES filter size is not fixed in this novel approach when sub-grid scale wrinkling occurs, but calibrated depending on the local level of unresolved scalar fluctuations. The model was validated by simulating 1D filtered laminar flames and 2D Bunsen flames. Subsequently, the model was tested on a 3D turbulent scenario by performing LES of the premixed and stratified configurations of the Cambridge swirl burner, experimentally studied by Sweeney and co-workers. Comparison of simulation and experiments for both the premixed and stratified configurations showed good agreement emphasizing the model characteristiscs. Instantaneous and time averaged LES data were analyzed to extract

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Neveu, Fabrice. "Mesures simultanées de la température et de la vitesse dans une flamme turbulente non prémélangée méthane-air, stabilisée par un bruleur de type Bluff-Body." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES079.

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Des données expérimentales sur les grosses structures ainsi que les corrélations entre certaines grandeurs physiques, telles que la vitesse et la température, sont nécessaires à la compréhension de la flamme turbulente. Pour obtenir de tels renseignements, on utilise l'association de deux techniques qui sont l'anémométrie Doppler laser pour les mesures de vitesse et le thermocouple à fil fin compensé numériquement pour la température. De par leur façon d'acquérir les données, aléatoire pour l'une, à fréquence fixe pour l'autre, ces deux méthodes obligent un traitement spécifique des mesures lors de leur étude couplée. L'étude de la compensation de l'inertie thermique du thermocouple, à partir de la constance de temps du capteur et du signal temporel de température, a permis de dégager les points clés de la méthode et d'en donner des limites. L'utilisation de ces deux techniques dans une flamme turbulente non prémélangée méthane-air, stabilisée par écoulement derrière un obstacle a permis d'expliquer les mécanismes de réallumage de la flamme principale par transferts de gaz chauds issus de la zone de recirculation. Le caractère périodique de ces transferts a également été montré par l'étude temporelle des signaux de température.

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Books on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

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Neame, Ghabi R. Bluff-body stabilized glow plug ignition of a methanol-fueled IDI diesel engine. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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Strehlow, Roger A. The mechanisms of flame holding in the wake of a bluff body. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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An Experimental Investigation of Flame Spreading From Bluff Body Flameholders. Hassell Street Press, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

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Peeters, Tim W. J., and Paul P. J. Stroomer. "Parallel simulation of a bluff-body-stabilized non-premixed syngas flame." In High-Performance Computing and Networking, 958–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0037243.

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Yan, J., F. Thiele, and M. Buffat. "Turbulence Model Sensitivity Study for Bluff Body Stabilized Flames." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design (NNFM), 173–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45693-3_11.

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Juniper, Matthew P. "Machine Learning for Thermoacoustics." In Lecture Notes in Energy, 307–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16248-0_11.

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AbstractThis chapter demonstrates three promising ways to combine machine learning with physics-based modelling in order to model, forecast, and avoid thermoacoustic instability. The first method assimilates experimental data into candidate physics-based models and is demonstrated on a Rijke tube. This uses Bayesian inference to select the most likely model. This turns qualitatively-accurate models into quantitatively-accurate models that can extrapolate, which can be combined powerfully with automated design. The second method assimilates experimental data into level set numerical simulations of a premixed bunsen flame and a bluff-body stabilized flame. This uses either an Ensemble Kalman filter, which requires no prior simulation but is slow, or a Bayesian Neural Network Ensemble, which is fast but requires prior simulation. This method deduces the simulations’ parameters that best reproduce the data and quantifies their uncertainties. The third method recognises precursors of thermoacoustic instability from pressure measurements. It is demonstrated on a turbulent bunsen flame, an industrial fuel spray nozzle, and full scale aeroplane engines. With this method, Bayesian Neural Network Ensembles determine how far each system is from instability. The trained BayNNEs out-perform physics-based methods on a given system. This method will be useful for practical avoidance of thermoacoustic instability.

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Bagchi, Sombuddha, Sourav Sarkar, Uddalok Sen, Achintya Mukhopadhyay, and Swarnendu Sen. "Numerical Simulation of Vortex Shedding from a Cylindrical Bluff-Body Flame Stabilizer." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 671–712. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96968-8_32.

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Triantafyllidis, A., E. Mastorakos, and R. L. G. M. Eggels. "LES/CMC of Forced Ignition of a Bluff-Body Stabilised Non-premixed Methane Flame." In Direct and Large-Eddy Simulation VII, 361–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3652-0_53.

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Most, D., V. Holler, A. Soika, F. Dinkelacker, and A. Leipertz. "Simultaneous Planar OR and Temperature Measurements for the Detection of Lifted Reaction Zones in Premixed Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames." In Laser Techniques Applied to Fluid Mechanics, 505–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56963-0_33.

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Alliche, Mounir, Redha Rebhi, and Fatma Zohra Khelladi. "Effect of Bluff-Body Shape on Stability of Hydrogen-Air Flame in Narrow Channel." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 231–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6595-3_30.

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Golovanevsky, B., and Y. Levy. "Fluid image velocimetry of flow in the recirculation zone of a bluff body stabilized and controlled burner." In Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanics, 541–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08263-8_33.

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"Effects of air jet on bluff body stabilized flame: Validation by simulation." In Emerging Trends in Engineering, Science and Technology for Society, Energy and Environment, 517–24. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351124140-86.

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Sello, S., and G. Mariotti. "Large Eddy Simulation of a Bluff Body Stabilised Flame." In Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments 4, 871–80. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008043328-8/50084-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

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Geikie, Marissa K., and Kareem Ahmed. "Flame Extinction Dynamics of Lean Premixed Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames." In 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-0930.

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Emerson, Benjamin, Ulises Mondragon, Christopher Brown, Vishal Acharya, Dong-Hyuk Shin, Vincent McDonell, and Tim Lieuwen. "Dynamics of a Transversely Forced, Bluff Body Stabilized Flame." In 49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-600.

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Lieuwen, Timothy, Dmitriy Plaks, Dong-Hyuk Shin, Ulises Mondragon, Christopher Brown, Vincent McDonell, and Barry Kiel. "Dyanmics of a Longitudinally Forced Bluff Body Stabilized Flame." In 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-22.

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Porumbel, Ionut, and Suresh Menon. "Large Eddy Simulation of Bluff Body Stabilized Premixed Flame." In 44th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-152.

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Lee, C. Y., and R. S. Cant. "Nonlinear Hydrodynamics of a Bluff-Body Stabilized Turbulent Premixed Flame." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57492.

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Bluff-body stabilized turbulent premixed flames can experience hydrodynamic instability caused by the interaction of the flame with small-scale vortices in the separated shear layer around the recirculation region, as well as with the large-scale coherent structures in the far-wake. A globally hydrodynamically unstable system, for example one which involves vortex shedding, can exhibit limit-cycle behaviour due to the coupling between pressure oscillation and velocity fluctuations. In this work, the hydrodynamic behaviour of a bluff-body stabilized turbulent premixed propane/air flame in a model jet-engine afterburner is investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A URANS approach was found to be appropriate for the range of frequencies considered in this study. Combustion is modelled using a modified flame surface density (FSD) approach. The observed self-excited hydrodynamic oscillations are analyzed using a nonlinear dynamical framework which is capable of capturing elaborate nonlinear behaviour including quasiperiodicity and chaos. The results from the CFD are first validated using available experimental data. The velocity at the inlet is gradually increased from 14 m/s to 33 m/s and the global flame structure is observed. With increasing inlet velocity, the flame first transitions from steady state to an oscillating state with a symmetrical flame structure, and eventually to an asymmetrical flame structure at higher velocities. The flame is essentially steady in the lower range of velocities considered before transitioning to a limit cycle oscillation after a critical velocity is exceeded. A doubling in the frequency of the hydrodynamic oscillation is also observed at intermediate values of inlet velocity. This investigation demonstrates that turbulent premixed reacting flows can exhibit strong hydrodynamic oscillation. An understanding of such behaviour can assist in developing methods to control flow instabilities and therefore help in suppressing thermoacoustic oscillation.

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Briones, Alejandro M., Balu Sekar, and Hugh Thornburg. "Characteristics of Bluff Body Stabilized Turbulent Premixed Flames." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45089.

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Non-reacting and reacting flows past typical flameholders are modeled with URANS and LES. The continuity, momentum, energy, species, and turbulence governing equations are solved using two- and three-dimensional configurations. Either 2-step global or 44-step reduced chemical mechanism for C3H8-air combustion, accounting for turbulence-chemistry interaction, and with temperature- and species-dependent thermodynamic and transport properties is utilized. For square and rectangular bluff bodies the flow separates at the leading edges, whereas for triangular bluff body separation occurs only at the trailing edges. These bluff bodies exhibit two shear layers at the trailing edges that shed asymmetric vortices. For rectangular bluff bodies with aspect ratios (AR) less than 2.3 there is backflow from the wake. With increasing AR from unity, backflow is gradually diminished, and the von Ka´rma´n Strouhal number (StvK) decreases. For 2.0<AR<2.3, StvK jumps to a higher value and separation again occurs at the trailing edges for AR = 2.3. Further increase in AR decreases StvK again. The simulations with URANS qualitatively and quantitatively match experimental results for StvK vs. AR. Quantitative discrepancies are, however, found for AR≥2.3. In addition, two-dimensional non-reacting flows with URANS are sufficient to predict StvK. Moreover, two-dimensional simulations of reacting flow indicate that the flame promotes static and dynamic stability for AR = 1.0 and 2.3. The flame is dynamically unstable for AR = 2.0, exhibiting a von Ka´rma´n flow pattern. Stable flames anchored at the most downstream separation location (e.g., the flame anchored at AR = 1.0 is attached to the leading edge, whereas that of AR = 2.3 is attached to the trailing edge). Realizable k-ε URANS and LES simulations for the triangular cylinder closely match the experimental StvK for both non-reacting and reacting flows. Nonetheless, LES predicts a smaller recirculation length than k-ε URANS. LES predicts a flow field in which Be´rnard/von Ka´rma´n (BvK) instability is suppressed, whereas URANS predicts a competition between the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability and BvK.

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Geikie, Marissa K., and Kareem Ahmed. "Velocity-Induced Flame Extinction Dynamics of Lean Premixed Bluff-Body Stabilized Flames." In 51st AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-4092.

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Pan, J. C., M. D. Vangsness, S. P. Heneghan, and D. R. Ballal. "Scalar Measurements in Bluff Body Stabilized Flames Using Cars Diagnostics." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-302.

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Measurements of mean and rms temperature fluctuations were performed in confined turbulent premixed methane-air flames, stabilized on a conical flameholder. A CARS system was used for these measurements. These tests employed flameholders of different blockage ratios (13% and 25%), and mixtures with different equivalence ratios (0.56, 0.65, 0.8, and 0.9) and approach turbulence intensity (2%, 17%, and 22%). It was found that the recirculation zone closely resembles a perfectly well-stirred reactor. Blockage ratio, equivalence ratio, or approach turbulence intensity did not alter the scalar field. The turbulent flame structure enveloping the recirculation zone comprises: (i) an ignition/thin flame region in the vicinity of the flameholder base, (ii) a reacting shear layer region of large-scale coherent structures, and (iii) a thick flame region where entrainment is the dominant mechanism. Finally, analysis suggests that the scalar gradient-diffusion relationship is valid and areas of non-gradient diffusion, if any, are probably small.

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SCHEFER, R., M. NAMAZIAN, and J. KELLY. "Velocity measurements in a turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body stabilized flame." In 19th AIAA, Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Lasers Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1987-1349.

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Reyes, Jonathan, Kareem A. Ahmed, Brynmor Davis, Darin A. Knaus, and Daniel Micka. "High-Speed 4D Flame-Flow Measurements of a Bluff-Body Stabilized Premixed Flame." In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-1278.

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Reports on the topic "Bluff body stabilized flame"

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Huelskamp, Bethany C., Barry V. Kiel, Amy C. Lynch, Stanislav Kostka, Ponnuthurai Gokulakrishnan, and Michael S. Klassen. Improved Correlation for Blowout of Bluff-body Stabilized Flames (Preprint). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada560506.

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