Relevant bibliographies by topics / Blood-vessels Tomography

Academic literature on the topic 'Blood-vessels Tomography'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Blood-vessels Tomography"

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Stojanovich, L., and A. Djokovic. "Tomography and blood vessels in Hughes syndrome." Lupus 23, no. 4 (January 16, 2014): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203313520061.

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GUIMARAES, P., P. RODRIGUES, R. BERNARDES, and P. SERRANHO. "3D blood vessels segmentation from optical coherence tomography." Acta Ophthalmologica 90 (August 6, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.2712.x.

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Proskurin, S. G., and S. V. Frolov. "Visualization of Blood Vessels Using Optical Coherence Tomography." Biomedical Engineering 46, no. 3 (August 31, 2012): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10527-012-9276-7.

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Martinsen, Ørjan G., Håvard Kalvøy, Sverre Grimnes, Bernt Nordbotten, Per Kristian Hol, Erik Fosse, Helge Myklebust, and Lance B. Becker. "Invasive Electrical Impedance Tomography for Blood Vessel Detection." Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 4, no. 1 (July 9, 2010): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874120701004010135.

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We present a novel method for localization of large blood vessels using a bioimpedance based needle positioning system on an array of ten monopolar needle electrodes. The purpose of the study is to develop a portable, low cost tool for rapid vascular access for cooling and controlled reperfusion of cardiac arrest patients. Preliminary results show that localization of blood vessels is feasible with this method, but larger studies are necessary to improve the technology.
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Gladish, James C., Gang Yao, Nicolas L? Heureux, and Mark A. Haidekker. "Optical Transillumination Tomography for Imaging of Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 33, no. 3 (January 2005): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-005-1734-x.

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Ramakonar, Hari, Bryden C. Quirk, Rodney W. Kirk, Jiawen Li, Angela Jacques, Christopher R. P. Lind, and Robert A. McLaughlin. "Intraoperative detection of blood vessels with an imaging needle during neurosurgery in humans." Science Advances 4, no. 12 (December 2018): eaav4992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav4992.

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Intracranial hemorrhage can be a devastating complication associated with needle biopsies of the brain. Hemorrhage can occur to vessels located adjacent to the biopsy needle as tissue is aspirated into the needle and removed. No intraoperative technology exists to reliably identify blood vessels that are at risk of damage. To address this problem, we developed an “imaging needle” that can visualize nearby blood vessels in real time. The imaging needle contains a miniaturized optical coherence tomography probe that allows differentiation of blood flow and tissue. In 11 patients, we were able to intraoperatively detect blood vessels (diameter, >500 μm) with a sensitivity of 91.2% and a specificity of 97.7%. This is the first reported use of an optical coherence tomography needle probe in human brain in vivo. These results suggest that imaging needles may serve as a valuable tool in a range of neurosurgical needle interventions.
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Diaz, J. Daniel, Jay C. Wang, Patrick Oellers, Inês Lains, Lucia Sobrin, Deeba Husain, Joan W. Miller, Demetrios G. Vavvas, and John B. Miller. "Imaging the Deep Choroidal Vasculature Using Spectral Domain and Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography." Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases 2, no. 3 (April 16, 2018): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2474126418771805.

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Purpose: To evaluate the deeper choroidal vasculature in eyes with various ocular disorders using spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and swept source (SS) OCTA. Methods: Patients underwent OCTA imaging with either SD-OCTA (Zeiss Cirrus Angioplex or Optovue AngioVue) or SS-OCTA (Topcon Triton). Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) integrity, structural visualization of deep choroidal vessels on en face imaging, and OCTA of deep choroidal blood flow signal were analyzed. Choroidal blood flow was deemed present if deeper choroidal vessels appeared bright after appropriate segmentation. Results: Structural visualization of choroidal vessels was feasible in all eyes by en face imaging. In both SD-OCTA and SS-OCTA, choroidal blood flow signal was present in all eyes with overlying RPE atrophy (100% of eyes with RPE atrophy, 28.6% of all imaged eyes, P < .001). Conclusions: While choroidal vessels can be visualized anatomically in all eyes by en face imaging, choroidal blood flow detection in deep choroidal vessel is largely restricted to areas with overlying RPE atrophy. Intact RPE acts as a barrier for reliable detection of choroidal flow using current OCTA technology, inhibiting evaluation of flow in deeper choroidal vessels in most eyes.
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Liu, Jingxuan, Jinyu Fan, Quan Wang, Wen He, Caihua Dong, Minxuan Sun, and Guohua Shi. "Observation of the early blood vessels of cutaneous malignant melanoma using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SS-OCTA)." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 12, no. 04 (July 2019): 1942005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545819420057.

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Melanoma, characterized by high mortality, rapid development and accompanied with angiogenesis is the most typical malignant tumor in skin cancer. Hence, the detection of blood vessels is of much significance. The early vascular network has small scale. If we remove the tumor early and biopsy it, it will increase the spread of the cancer cells and infection and bleeding. In this case, we presented a new angiography method. A high-resolution OCT system for noninvasive angiographic imaging of early skin melanoma — Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SS-OCTA) is proposed. With a high lateral resolution of 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m in vivo tomographic angiography, SS-OCTA is used to image and identify the morphology of the early tumor blood vessels. In addition, a control group experiment is conducted to observe the growth of melanoma in the process of rupture, malformation of micro-vessels. The results of the analysis and statistical test ([Formula: see text]) are statistically significant.
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Wang, Li, Di Ke, Haishu Xin, Rui Liu, Shu Pan, Kedi Xiong, and Sihua Yang. "Optical-visualized photoacoustic tomographic navigation." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 023701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0135655.

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The current preoperative vascular imaging methods cannot achieve noninvasive high-resolution imaging of deep-localized vessels. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) can show microvessels with centimeter depth and submillimeter diameter without the use of contrast agents. Combined with PAT and optical projection technology, the Hessian-matrix-based skin removal algorithm and the target matching method were developed to spatially align the photoacoustic data of subcutaneous blood vessels with the anatomy of real patients and to realize three-dimensional (3D) visualization of blood vessels from the body surface. The optical projection navigation system based on PAT has high spatial resolution (∼135 μm) and temporal resolution (0.1 s). In the rabbit injection experiment, 3D distributions of needle and blood vessel (>100 μm) were obtained by image segmentation, which proved that the method can guide micro plastic injection. Furthermore, healthy volunteers' forehead imaging experiments show that 3D visualization and cross-sectional images of the human forehead clearly show the vascular network and ability of the system to image submillimeter blood vessels with penetration depth (∼10.2 mm). Our work confirms that the method of integrated photoacoustic imaging and optical projection has great potential for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment of clinical blood vessels, opening a path for the application of photonics in medical esthetics.
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Nelson, J. S., T. E. Milner, B. S. Tanenbaum, D. M. Goodman, and M. J. C. Van Gemert. "Infra-red tomography of port-wine-stain blood vessels in human skin." Lasers in Medical Science 11, no. 3 (September 1996): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02156765.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blood-vessels Tomography"

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Gladish, Jimmy. "Design of a transillumination optical tomography system to image tissue-engineered blood vessels /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426060.

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Lee, Kyung Moo. "Segmentations of the intraretinal surfaces, optic disc and retinal blood vessels in 3D-OCT scans." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/247.

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a safe and non-invasive imaging technique providing high axial resolution. A spectral-domain OCT scanner capable of acquiring volumetric data of the retina is becoming an increasingly important modality in ophthalmology for the diagnosis and management of a variety of retinal diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration (AMD) which are major causes of a loss of vision. To analyze and track these ocular diseases, developments of the automated methods for detecting intraretinal layers, optic discs and retinal blood vessels from spectral-domain OCT scans are highly required recently. The major contributions of this thesis include: 1) developing a fast method that can automatically segment ten intraretinal layers in the spectral-domain macular OCT scan for the layer thickness analysis, 2) developing a method that can automatically segment the optic disc cup and neuroretinal rim in the spectral-domain OCT scan centered at the optic nerve head (ONH) to measure the cup-to-disc ratio, an important structural indicator for the progression of glaucoma, and 3) developing a method that can automatically segment the 3-D retinal blood vessels in the spectral-domain ONH-centered OCT scan to extract 3-D features of the vessels for the diagnosis of retinal vascular diseases.
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Kadas, Ella Maria [Verfasser]. "Methods to extract and quantify retinal blood vessels and optic nerve head from optical coherence tomography data in neurological disorders / Ella Maria Kadas." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119151317/34.

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Duran, Eymi Valery Cazas. "Artéria alveolar superior posterior em indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas em exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-13072018-144353/.

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Objetivos: Avaliar as características do canal da artéria alveolar superior posterior (AASP) em exames de tomografia de feixe conico (TCFC) em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina (FI) e comparar com indivíduos não fissurados (NF). Material e Métodos: Foram analisados 150 exames de TCFC de FI e 150 TCFC de NF. Os critérios de exclusão foram: exames de pacientes sindrômicos, presença de lesões intraósseas, desdentados totais, outras alterações que interferem a visivilidade do canal da AASP, presença de artefatos, idade abaixo de 20 anos e exames que não incluíam toda a maxila. As características avaliadas foram à presença/ausência, localização em relação ao seio maxilar, diâmetro, distancia em relação ao rebordo alveolar e assoalho do seio maxilar e término presença/ausência de anastomose com a artéria alveolar superior anterior (AASA).Os testes estatísticos aplicados foram Kappa, Dahlberg Fischers, test t. Resultados: O grupo de FI foi constituído de 75 homens e 75 mulheres, com idade média de 29,8 anos. O grupo de NF foi composto por 75 homens 75 mulheres com idade média de 40,3 anos. O Kappa para a concordância da presença e ausência do canal da AASP foi: intra-avaliador 0,8 substancial e inter-avaliador de 0,7 subtancial. O Dahlberg intra-avaliador foi de 0, 75 excelente e inter-avaliador de 0,7 satisfatório. No ponto de ingresso o canal AASP esteve presente em 100% em FI e em 100% em NF, em todos os casos o canal da AASP era bilateral. Os diâmetros, do canal da AASP, foram significativamente diferentes entre os dois grupos, sendo maior para os FI (Test t P < 0,0001). A localização em relação ao ponto de ingresso no seio maxilar foi estatisticamente significante entre ambos os grupos, nos FI a maior frequência foi no terço médio (Fisher\' s P <0,0001) e superior do seio maxilar (Fisher\' s P < 0,0071 lado esquerdo), e os NF apresentaram maior frequência foi no terço inferior (Fisher\' s P < 0,0001). Em relação à distância da AASP ao rebordo alveolar e ao assoalho do seio maxilar, não houve resultados estatisticamente significantes. Em relação aos tipos de términos não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos. Conclusões: De acordo com material e métodos realizados, o canal da AASP apresentou maior diâmetro e localização mais superior no seio maxilar em FI quando comparado com NF. Esses resultados podem indicar um maior risco de sangramento durante cirurgias para os portadores de fissura labiopalatina.
Objectives: This study evaluates the characteristics of the posterior superior alveolar artery canal (AASP) in individuals with cleft lip and palate (FI) and compares with individuals without cleft lip and palate (NF). Material and Methods: 150 Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (TCFC) were evaluated from both FI and NF 150 TCFC according to the criteria outlined above. Exclusion criteria were: Sindromic patients, exams with alteration introsseous, edentulous maxilla, artifacts, people below 20 years of age, exams that did not include all maxilla. The characteristics evaluated include presence/absence, location in to maxillary sinus, diameter, distance in relation to the alveolar crest and maxillary sinus floor and presence/absence of anastomosis with the anterior superior alveolar artery canal (AASA). The statistical tests used were Kappa, Dahlberg, Fisher\'s and test t. Results: The group of FI was composed of 75 men and 75 women, with an average age of 29.8. The NF group was composed of 75 men and 75 women with average of age 40.3. In relation to the presence/absence of the AASP canal, result from an evaluation by the intra-rater was 0,8 substancial and inter-rater showed 0.7substantial. O Dahlberg intra-rater was 0.75 excelent and inter-rater 0.7 satisfactory. The prevalence of the AASP canal was100% in the FI group and NF. Regarding the diameters of the AASP canal there were significant differences between the two groups, and was considerably greater for the FI group (Test t p < 0.0001). With respect to location in relation to the point of entry in the maxillary sinus results showed significant statistical difference between both groups, with the NF group possessing higher frequency in the middle third (Fishers p <0.0001) and upper third of maxillary sinus (Fishers p < 0.0071 left side) and NF had higher frequency was in lower third (Fishers P <0.0001). There was no significant statistical difference in relation to the distance of the AASP to alveolar crest and to the floor maxillary sinus. The same was true in relation to the types of terms. Conclusion: According to the material and methods the AASP canal present larger diameter and more premium location in the maxillary sinus in individuals with FI compared with NF. The results indicate a higher risk of bleeding during surgery for patients with cleft lip and palate.
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Štohanzlová, Petra. "Multimodální registrace obrazů sítnice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219244.

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This work deals with possibilities of registration of retinal images from different mo-dalities, concretely optical coherence tomography (OCT), scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and fundus camera. In first stage is the interest focused on registration of SLO and fundus images, which will serve to determine area of interest for consecutive registration of OCT data. The final stage is finding correct location of OCT B-scans in fundus image. On the basis of the studied methods of registration was chosen method making use of computation of correlation coefficient for both cases. For finding optimal parameters of registration is used searching through whole space of parameters. In partial stages of the work was created algorithm for alignment of B-scans followed by detection of blood vessels and also simple algorithm for detection of blood vessels from fundus image. For more transparent registration the graphical user interface was created, which allows loading input images and displaying the result in several possible forms.
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Lee, Kyung Moo Sonka Milan Abràmoff Michael D. "Segmentations of the intraretinal surfaces, optic disc and retinal blood vessels in 3D-OCT scans." 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/247/.

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Alabi, Emmanuel. "Morphometric Characterization of Limbal Vasculature using Ultra-high Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7957.

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Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare and investigate morphometric characteristics of limbal vasculature within the superior and inferior limbal regions using ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography. Method: Cross-sectional images of the human corneo-scleral limbus were acquired with a research grade ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomographer (UHR-OCT) from 14 healthy subjects after manual retraction of the upper and lower eyelid. The UHR-OCT provides an axial and lateral resolution in biological tissue of ~3μm and ~18μm, respectively. 3D stacks of OCT images (1000 x 1024 x 256) were acquired of the transition from cornea to bulbar conjunctiva at the superior and inferior limbal region. All visible vessels within the limbal region were measured using an Image J circle or ellipse tool. Vessel depth and size measurements were repeated for the same vessel and the concordance correlation coefficient was computed. Quantitative differences in vessel size and depth in the limbal region were analyzed using repeated measured ANOVA. R and SPSS were used for all data analysis procedures. Results: The average vessel size for superior and inferior limbus were 29.28µm ± 17.649 µm (SD) and 23.68µm ± 18.118µm (SD) respectively. The average vessel depth for superior and inferior limbus were 176.76µm ± 108.698µm (SD) and 205.62µm ± 131.991µm (SD) respectively. The concordance correlation coefficient for superior and inferior limbal vessel size were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.935 to 0.964) and 0.994 (95% CI, 0.991 to 0.995) respectively, while that of vessel depth were 0.998 (95% CI, 0.997 to 0.999) and 0.998 (95% CI, 0.997 to 0.998) respectively. The vessels within the superior limbus were larger than the vessels found in the inferior limbus (RM-ANOVA POS p = 0.004), and the vessels within the inferior limbus were on average deeper than the vessels found within the superior limbus (RM-ANOVA POS p = 0.042). There was a positive linear relationship between limbal vessel depth and size within the superior and inferior limbus with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.803 and 0.754, respectively. There were on average 9 vessels per subject within the superior limbal region as compared to 13 vessels per subject with the inferior limbal region. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that the UHR-OCT was capable of imaging (and therefore measuring) morphometric characteristics such as the size and depth of vessels within the limbus in a repeatable manner. A positive linear association between vessel depth and size was identified in the superior and inferior limbal regions. The results of this study suggest a definite difference in the size and depth of vessels across different positions of the limbus, and this may be indicative of adaptations to chronic hypoxia caused by the constant covering of the superior limbus by the upper eyelid.
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Deep, Debanjan. "A study of blood flow in normal and dilated aorta." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4440.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Atherosclerotic lesions of human beings are common diagnosed in regions of arte- rial branching and curvature. The prevalence of atherosclerosis is usually associated with hardening and ballooning of aortic wall surfaces because of narrowing of flow path by the deposition of fatty materials, platelets and influx of plasma through in- timal wall of Aorta. High Wall Shear Stress (WSS) is proved to be the main cause behind all these aortic diseases by physicians and researchers. Due to the fact that the atherosclerotic regions are associated with complex blood flow patterns, it has believed that hemodynamics and fluid-structure interaction play important roles in regulating atherogenesis. As one of the most complex flow situations found in cardio- vascular system due to the strong curvature effects, irregular geometry, tapering and branching, and twisting, theoretical prediction and in vivo quantitative experimental data regarding to the complex blood flow dynamics are substantial paucity. In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a popular research tool to study the characteristics of aortic flow and aim to enhance the understanding of the underlying physics behind arteriosclerosis. In this research, we study the hemo- dynamics and flow-vessel interaction in patient specific normal (healthy) and dilated (diseased) aortas using Ansys-Fluent and Ansys-Workbench. The computation con- sists of three parts: segmentation of arterial geometry for the CFD simulation from computed tomography (CT) scanning data using MIMICS; finite volume simulation of hemodynamics of steady and pulsatile flow using Ansys-Fluent; an attempt to perform the Fluid Structure Simulation of the normal aorta using Ansys-Workbench. Instead of neglecting the branching or smoothing out the wall for simplification as a lot of similar computation in literature, we use the exact aortic geometry. Segmen- tation from real time CT images from two patients, one young and another old to represent healthy and diseased aorta respectively, is on MIMICS. The MIMICS seg- mentation operation includes: first cropping the required part of aorta from CT dicom data of the whole chest, masking of the aorta from coronal, axial and saggital views of the same to extract the exact 3D geometry of the aorta. Next step was to perform surface improvement using MIMICS 3-matic module to repair for holes, noise shells and overlapping triangles to create a good quality surface of the geometry. A hexahe- dral volume mesh was created in T-Grid. Since T-grid cannot recognize the geometry format created by MIMICS 3-matic; the required step geometry file was created in Pro-Engineer. After the meshing operation is performed, the mesh is exported to Ansys Fluent to perform the required fluid simulation imposing adequate boundary conditions accordingly. Two types of study are performed for hemodynamics. First is a steady flow driven by specified parabolic velocity at inlet. We captured the flow feature such as skewness of velocity around the aortic arch regions and vortices pairs, which are in good agreement with open data in literature. Second is a pulsatile flow. Two pulsatile velocity profiles are imposed at the inlet of healthy and diseased aorta respectively. The pulsatile analysis was accomplished for peak systolic, mid systolic and diastolic phase of the entire cardiac cycle. During peak systole and mid-systole, high WSS was found at the aortic branch roots and arch regions and diastole resulted in flow reversals and low WSS values due to small aortic inflow. In brief, areas of sudden geometry change, i.e. the branch roots and irregular surfaces of the geom- etry experience more WSS. Also it was found that dilated aorta has more sporadic nature of WSS in different regions than normal aorta which displays a more uniform WSS distribution all over the aorta surface. Fluid-Structure Interaction simulation is performed on Ansys-WorkBench through the coupling of fluid dynamics and solid mechanics. Focus is on the maximum displacement and equivalent stress to find out the future failure regions for the peak velocity of the cardiac cycle.
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Books on the topic "Blood-vessels Tomography"

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1934-, Nagai Jun, ed. Three-dimensional CT angiography. Boston: Little, Brown, 1995.

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Chiu, Lee C. Computed tomographic angiography of the mediastinum. St. Louis, MO, USA: W.H. Green, 1986.

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Sadamoto, Kazuhiko. Cerebral angio-CT. New York: Raven Press, 1988.

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R, Lotz Preston, ed. Correlative neuroradiology: Intracranial radiographic analysis with computed tomography, angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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R, Mollet Nico, and Hoffmann Udo, eds. CT coronary angiography: An atlas of investigation and diagnosis. Oxford: Clinical Pub., 2011.

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Wojciech, Mazur, ed. Vascular CT angiography manual. Dordrecht: Springer, 2011.

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M, Rofsky Neil, ed. CT and MR angiography: Comprehensive vascular assessment. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.

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Biederman, Robert W. W. The cardiovascular MRI tutorial: Lectures and learning. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.

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(Foreword), A. L. Baert, C. Catalano (Editor), and R. Passariello (Editor), eds. Multidetector-Row CT Angiography (Medical Radiology / Diagnostic Imaging). Springer, 2004.

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Taveras, J. M., G. B. Bradac, and R. Oberson. Angiography and Computed Tomography in Cerebro-Arterial Occlusive Diseases. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Blood-vessels Tomography"

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Hofmann, Julia, Melanie Böge, Szymon Gladysz, and Boris Jutzi. "Automatic Detection of Blood Vessels in Optical Coherence Tomography Scans." In Informatik aktuell, 2–7. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25326-4_2.

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Singh, Hariqbal. "Chapter-11 Heart and Blood Vessels." In Jaypee Gold Standard Mini Atlas Series� Computed Tomography, 175–92. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11455_11.

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Dash, Amiya Kumar, and Puspanjali Mohapatra. "A Survey on Prematurity Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Fundus Images Using Deep Learning Techniques." In Deep Learning Applications in Medical Imaging, 140–55. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5071-7.ch006.

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease related to eye correlated with long-standing diabetes. It is a leading cause of blindness among working adults. Detection of this condition in the early stage is critical for good prognosis. Present day detection of DR normally requires digital fundus image or images generated using optical coherence tomography (OCT). As OCT are high-priced, diagnosis of DR using fundus image will benefit for the patient and the ophthalmologists. Manual inspection of morphological changes in blood vessels, microaneurysms, exudates, hemorrhages, and macula are time consuming and tedious tasks. So, designing a computer-aided system helps in analyzing the morphological changes and identifying the DR. This chapter reviews the applications of machine learning and deep learning algorithms for detection of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy by analyzing fundus images.
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Abarbanel, David N., and Ivan D. Carabenciov. "Night Sweats and Paraparesis." In Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology, edited by Andrew McKeon, B. Mark Keegan, and W. Oliver Tobin, 199–201. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197583425.003.0064.

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A 78-year-old man sought care for saddle anesthesia, left lower extremity numbness, and bilateral lower extremity weakness. The sensory loss occurred suddenly, starting initially in the left perianal region and over the course of 3 hours extending down to involve the entirety of the left lower extremity. Symptoms were stable until 3 weeks later, when he had a few episodes of urinary incontinence. Diffuse, severe, bilateral, lower extremity weakness developed. The patient reported 6 months of intermittent night sweats. Serum studies were notable for pancytopenia and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and levels of ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase. Lumbar puncture showed a mildly increased protein concentration with normal blood cell count, glucose value, and cytologic and flow cytometry findings. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multifocal regions of increased T2 signal throughout the central nervous system including the cerebrum, cerebellum, upper cervical cord, lower thoracic cord, and conus medullaris. Gadolinium enhancement was present in the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and dorsal lower thoracic cord. One week later, 18F-fludeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed patchy 18F-fludeoxyglucose activity in the cerebral parenchyma, as well as 2 cutaneous, 18F-fludeoxyglucose-avid soft-tissue nodules. Fine-needle aspiration of 1 of these nodules indicated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, with no dysplastic abnormalities identified on subsequent bone marrow biopsy. Incisional biopsy of the second soft-tissue nodule showed foci of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma adherent to the lumina of a few small arteries, consistent with a diagnosis of intravascular lymphoma. The patient was diagnosed with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. At initial evaluation at an outside facility, empiric intravenous corticosteroids were administered. After the biopsy findings of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, he was started on intermediate-dose methotrexate followed by rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone therapy. He continued to experience severe, bilateral, lower extremity weakness and sensory loss. Two months after diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, he died of medical complications from chemotherapy. Intravascular lymphoma is a rare lymphoma subtype that is typically of B-cell origin. The neoplastic cells preferentially grow within the lumen of blood vessels, potentially due to a lack of cellular machinery required for cellular extravasation and parenchymal invasion.
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W.K. Hui, Vivian, and Simon K.H. Szeto. "Clinical and Imaging Features of Leukemic Retinopathy." In Leukemia - From Biology to Diagnosis and Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107649.

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Hematological malignancies may be associated with ocular manifestations in up to 50% of cases, and ocular symptoms can be the initial presentation. Retinal leukemic infiltrates may be observed in up to 3% of leukemia patients. Leukemic retinopathy may present more commonly in acute leukemias than chronic leukemias as Roth’s spot, multi-level retinal hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, or opportunistic infection secondary to pancytopenia. On the other hand, patients with chronic leukemias, such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), may present with leukemic retinal infiltrates and venous stasis secondary to hyperviscosity, which may lead to secondary peripheral microaneurysms and neovascularization. Vascular complication, such as central retinal vein occlusion, may also occur as a result of venous stasis. In addition, leukemic retinopathy is associated with poorer overall survival as pediatric CML patients without ocular manifestation may have twice as high 5-years survival rate compared with those with ocular manifestation. The presence of leukemic retinopathy is associated with more severe systemic disease and is correlated with hematological parameters such as white blood cells count (WBC). In addition, a positive correlation was found between ocular leukemic infiltration and agonal leukocyte count and the severity of systemic disease in an autopsy study. Therefore, the presence of retinal infiltrate may be associated with leukemia with extreme leukocytosis. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive retinal imaging tool that can help diagnose leukemic retinopathy. Inner retina hyper-reflective lesions were observed in areas with intra-retinal hemorrhages or hemorrhagic lesions, while outer retina hyper-reflective lesions were observed in areas with whitish retinal infiltrates. In addition, the loss of the physiological hourglass appearance on cross-sectional OCT scan of retinal vessels may be seen in leukemic retinopathy. It is believed that intraluminal blood flow is responsible for the physiological hourglass appearance, consisting of two paired hyper-reflectivities inside vessel wall on OCT. In leukemic retinopathy, hyperviscosity may disrupt normal intraluminal blood flow, leading to the loss of this physiological appearance. In summary, leukemic retinopathy can be the first presentation of leukemia. Ophthalmologists can play an important role in the diagnosis of leukemia. Noninvasive retinal imaging could help us to monitor and understand the pathophysiology of leukemic retinal infiltrates. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of underlying leukemia may preserve vision and prolong survival rate.
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Johnson, Pernilla Sahlstrand, and Magnus Jannert. "The development of ultrasound in otorhinolaryngology." In Ultrasound in Clinical Diagnosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199602070.003.0021.

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The use of ultrasound in the field of otorhinolaryngology goes back almost 40 years. Ultrasonography with simple A-mode has proved to be successful for identifying diseased maxillary and frontal sinuses. It is generally accepted that ultrasonography is of value in diagnosing acute rhinosinusitis; in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis both A- and B-mode ultrasound have limited value. B-mode ultrasound is mainly used for soft tissue examination of the neck and has not developed to the extent that was expected for the paranasal sinuses. Computed tomography (CT) is still the gold standard for investigation in chronic rhinosinusitis when grading the severity of the disease and when the patient will be subject to surgical intervention. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of the neck and Doppler ultrasound for evaluation of the blood vessels of the neck will also be of great value in the future. Doppler ultrasound of the paranasal sinus shows promising results in identifying the characteristics of sinus secretion, and there is ongoing research on this application. The first clinical evaluation in patients with sinusitis, examined with ultrasound Doppler, will be performed in 2011. Ultrasound examination of the neck and ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy are well established methods in the field of otorhinolaryngology. The ultrasound technique is of great value when identifying lymph nodes, cysts, and abscesses of the neck. Furthermore, ultrasound can be used to differentiate diffuse changes in the thyroid and salivary glands from solitary lumps and cysts. Ultrasound is also of importance when examining the parathyroid glands. Additionally, Doppler ultrasound is a very successful method to diagnose stenosis of the arteries of the neck. However, these examinations are mainly executed by physicians skilled in ultrasound outside the departments of otorhinolaryngology. Another field of application is the development of user-friendly ultrasound equipment, which can be used by physicians in primary care or by otolaryngologists in order to improve the diagnostics of rhinosinusitis. This is an important diagnostic tool, since it has been known for more than 40 years that diagnoses of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) based on clinical examination alone, is correct in only 50 % of cases.
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Conference papers on the topic "Blood-vessels Tomography"

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Aribas, Kaya Mustafa, Gokhan Bora Esmer, Alper Sisman, Tunc Lacin, Neslihan Sarigul, and Beyza Ayvacikli. "Volumetric extraction of pulmonary blood vessels from computerized tomography scans." In 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2018.8404593.

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Lu, Tao, and Haihe Zang. "Photoacoustic tomography of micro-blood vessels in tissue mimicking phantom." In 2010 3rd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2010.5639232.

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Kazanci, Huseyin O., and Steven L. Jacques. "Diffuse light tomography to detect blood vessels using Tikhonov regularization." In Saratov Fall Meeting 2015, edited by Elina A. Genina, Valery V. Tuchin, Vladimir L. Derbov, Dmitry E. Postnov, Igor V. Meglinski, Kirill V. Larin, and Alexander B. Pravdin. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2230074.

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Giglio, Nicholas, Haleigh Grose, and Nathaniel M. Fried. "Optical coherence tomography feedback system for infrared laser sealing of blood vessels." In Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXVI, edited by Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2612035.

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Choi, Bernard, Boris Majaron, Gracie Vargas, Byungjo Jung, Oliver F. Stumpp, Nicole M. Kang, Kristen M. Kelly, Ashley J. Welch, and J. Stuart Nelson. "In vivo results using photothermal tomography for imaging cutaneous blood vessels." In NDE for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics, edited by Tribikram Kundu. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.484140.

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Nuster, Robert, Paul Slezak, and Guenther Paltauf. "Imaging of blood vessels with CCD-camera based three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2041734.

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Giglio, Nicholas C., Thomas C. Hutchens, Christopher M. Cilip, and Nathaniel M. Fried. "Optical coherence tomography for use in infrared laser sealing of blood vessels." In 2020 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipc47351.2020.9252545.

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Mahmoud, Ahmed M., Daniel H. Cortes, S. Jamal Mustafa, and Osama M. Mukdadi. "High Frequency Precise Ultrasound Imaging System to Assess Mouse Hearts and Blood Vessels." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192836.

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Genetically modified mice provide a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis of human cardiovascular diseases like human atherosclerosis [1]. Numerous mouse strains are available today with phenotypes relevant to human cardiovascular diseases [1,2]. These mouse strains have prompted the development of techniques for assessing the cardiovascular function and morphology of living mice. Recently, several imaging techniques have been emerged as promising non-invasive imaging modalities, such as electron-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, optical coherent tomography, and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) [3,4]. Although these systems are capable of detecting anatomic and functional information, they may not be suitable to image mouse heart vasculatures. The small size and rapid movement of mouse hearts require systems acquiring images using temporal resolution of less than 10 ms with spatial resolution of 100 μm or less [4]. However, in mice, which have extremely small coronary arteries and high heart rates, the coronary circulation constitutes a great challenge for these available imaging techniques.
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Gong, Peijun, Karol Karnowski, Paula Yu, Dong An, Dao-Yi Yu, and David D. Sampson. "Ex-vivo imaging of blood and lymphatic vessels in conjunctiva using optical coherence tomography." In International Conference on Biophotonics V, edited by David D. Sampson, Dennis L. Matthews, Jürgen Popp, Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop, and Brian C. Wilson. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2270180.

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Milner, Thomas E., Sergey A. Telenkov, B. Samuel Tanenbaum, J. Stuart Nelson, and Dennis M. Goodman. "Non-Invasive Evaluation of Biological Materials Using Pulsed Photothermal Tomography." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0817.

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Abstract Progress is reported on the development of pulsed photothermal tomography (PPT) for determination of the initial three-dimensional temperature increase in biological materials immediately following pulsed laser irradiation. PPT uses a fast infrared focal plane array (IR-FPA) to detect temperature rises in a substrate, induced by pulsed radiation. The temperature rise, due to the selective optical absorption of pulsed laser light, creates an increase in infrared emission that is measured by a fast IR-FPA. A tomographic reconstruction algorithm computes the initial space-dependent temperature increase in subsurface chromophores from a time sequence of recorded infrared emission images. We present tomographic reconstructed images of laser heated blood vessels in the in-vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model.
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