Academic literature on the topic 'Blood cholesterol Victoria'

One of the risk factor of cardiovascular disease in patients of maintenance hemodialysis is abnormalities in lipid profile. Deranged levels of cholesterol are related to increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients. Objectives: To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia under going maintenance hemodialysis at BVH, Bahawalpur. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Dialysis unit at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: January to May 2019. Material & Method: A total of 220 patients who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at dialysis unit BVH, Bahawalpur were included in the study. Pre-dialysis blood samples were taken for assessment of Sr. Cholesterol (Total), Sr. Triglycerides & Sr. HDL and were sent to Chemical Pathology Lab of QAMC, Bahawalpur on same day for processing. Results: Out of 220 patients, most of the patients were male (66.8%), history of smoking was present in 7.3% & mean duration of dialysis was 27.12 + 25.85 months. The mean of Sr. Cholesterol (Total), Sr. Triglycerides, Sr. HDL were 155.51+37.72 mg/dl, 135.54+89.27 mg/dl & 35.22+7.77 mg/dl respectively. Dyslipidemia was present in 80% of patients with most common being low HDL (71.8%). Conclusion: Patients of maintenance hemodialysis are having significant number of dyslipidemia leading to inflammation, accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular events.

A number of studies have shown an association between male pattern baldness (MPB) and cardiovascular disease. Few of these studies, however, have examined whether MPB is a novel risk factor, or is associated with abnormalities of established coronary risk factors. We have therefore performed an analysis of MPB and cardiovascular risk factors in the general population. A total of 1219 male participants aged 18–70 years from the Victorian Family Heart Study were surveyed using a validated questionnaire for degree and pattern of baldness. Carefully standardized measures of height, weight, blood pressure, pulse rate, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and plasma fibrinogen were made. Subjects were grouped according to the degree and pattern of baldness as: no baldness, frontal baldness and vertex baldness. Bald men were older than non-bald men (P < 0.0001). Age was also associated with increased levels of coronary risk factors (P < 0.0001). When multiple regression was used to adjust for age differences, the levels of coronary risk factors were not significantly different between the bald and non-bald groups. The lack of association between baldness and established coronary risk factors implies that baldness may predispose to coronary heart disease through novel mechanisms yet to be defined.

Abstract Background HealthGap is a population-based cohort study aiming to understand health inequities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. We examined guideline-based CVD risk assessment in Victoria. Methods NPS MedicineInsight, the largest Australian primary health care dataset, provided data on CVD risk factors (age, gender, smoking status, diabetes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), total and HDL cholesterol) and Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) status. The percentage of patients who had all risk factors measured was calculated and compared by Indigenous status. Results In total, 7,928 of 1,435,111 patients were classified as Indigenous. The percentage of patients with measured cholesterol was slightly lower for Indigenous (total cholesterol=31.4%, HDL=26.9%) than non-Indigenous patients (total cholesterol=35.6%, HDL=31.8%). However, more Indigenous patients had SBP measured (65.6% vs. 59.8%). Diabetes diagnosis was higher among Indigenous patients (6.2% vs. 3.6%). There was a small difference in the proportions with all risk factors measured between Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients (24.1% vs. 26.6%). Among Indigenous patients aged at least 35 years who should have had their risk assessment measured, 41.9% had all risk factors measured, while 50.7% of the non-Indigenous Australians (aged ≥45 years) had all risk factors measured. Conclusions Overall, the proportion of people with all CVD risk factors measured was smaller for Indigenous compared to non-Indigenous people. Key messages Fewer than half of Indigenous Australians have CVD risk factors captured in a primary health care setting. This has implications for health care policy and programs seeking to improve CV health outcomes among Indigenous Australians.

Introduction HDL is thought to exert its atheroprotective role by promoting cholesterol efflux from lipid-laden macrophages. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) has been shown to be inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness and presence of coronary artery disease. We assessed the hypothesis that CEC is associated with severity of carotid atherosclerosis and with cerebrovascular symptomatology. Methods Symptomatic (n=114) and asymptomatic (n=41) patients with carotid stenosis were recruited from Vascular Surgery at the Royal Victoria and Jewish General hospitals, Montreal, Canada. Carotid Doppler ultrasound was performed and stenosis (50-79%, 80-99%) was graded according to velocities. Detailed information on symptomatology obtained. A blood sample was collected on the day of the ultrasound; HDL was obtained by polyethylene glycol precipitation after depletion of apoB-containing lipoproteins. CEC was determined by incubating HDL in cAMP-stimulated J774 mouse peritoneal macrophages for 6 hours. Specific cholesterol efflux was obtained by subtracting total efflux from efflux in non-cAMP stimulated cells. Differences in CEC were assessed using linear regression according to 1) stenosis, 2) symotomatology and, 3) timing of symptomatology. Results Compared to patients with 50-79% stenosis (n=31), patients with 80-99% stenosis (n=124) had significantly decreased CEC (beta=-2.23, P=0.04) after adjustment for age, sex, apoAI, and systolic BP. CEC was not significantly different between symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. However, in symptomatic patients CEC increased with increasing time since cerebrovascular event. Specifically, compared to 0-30 days (n=72), CEC was non-significantly increased 31-90 days since event (n=31, beta=1.64, P=NS), while increased significantly ≥ 90 days since event (n=11, beta=4.48, P=0.01), after adjustment as described above. Conclusion These results suggest that CEC is inversely associated with severity of carotid stenosis and that CEC increases with increasing time since symptomatic event. This may be related to remodeling of HDL during the acute phase reaction after a recent ischemic event.

BackgroundA “balanced, adequate, and varied diet” is recommended as the basis of nutritionally sound diet by the World Health Organisation and national public health agencies. Huel is a proprietary, on-the-go, powdered, plant based food, providing all 26 essential vitamins and minerals, protein, essential fats, carbohydrate, fibre, and phytonutrients.ObjectivesAssessing the effect of solely consuming Huel on micronutrient status, dietary intake and markers of health was achieved through a 4-week intervention of solely Huel powder.MethodsHabitual energy intake was assessed through a one-week lead in period with healthy adult participants (aged 18 or over) logging their food intake, after which only Huel was consumed for 4 weeks. Blood samples and body composition was assessed before and after the lead in week as well the end of the intervention. Thirty participants were recruited with 20 (11 females, median age 31, range 22–44) completing the study, 19 sets of blood samples were collected. 22 blood markers were analysed along with weight, BMI, waist circumference, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and body composition. All blood micronutrients, except for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and choline were sent to Royal Victoria Infirmary NHS, Newcastle Laboratory (Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom) for analysis.ResultsFourteen of the parameters significantly changed over the course of the study with circulating haemoglobin, iron, vitamins B12 and D as well as selenium significantly increasing (p &lt; 0.05). HbA1c, total and non-HDL cholesterol, vitamins A and E, potassium, BMI, VAT, and waist circumference all significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05) post intervention.ConclusionAlthough energy intake decreased during the intervention period, the adherence to recommended micronutrient intake, as quantified by the dietary Total Adherence Score, significantly increased which tallies with the preservation or improvement of micronutrient status. This study potentially demonstrates that consuming only Huel for 4 weeks does not negatively affect micronutrient status.