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Journal articles on the topic 'Blockiness'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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1

Tan, K. T., and M. Ghanbari. "Blockiness detection for MPEG2-coded video." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 7, no. 8 (August 2000): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/97.855443.

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2

Zhai, Guangtao, Wenjun Zhang, Xiaokang Yang, Weisi Lin, and Yi Xu. "No-reference noticeable blockiness estimation in images." Signal Processing: Image Communication 23, no. 6 (July 2008): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2008.04.007.

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3

Rumyantsev, Artem M., Albert Johner, and Juan J. de Pablo. "Sequence Blockiness Controls the Structure of Polyampholyte Necklaces." ACS Macro Letters 10, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 1048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00318.

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4

Ibrar-ul-Haque, Muhammad, Muhammad Tahir Qadri, Najeeb Siddiqui, and Talat Altaf. "Combined Blockiness, Blurriness and White Noise Distortion Meter." Wireless Personal Communications 103, no. 3 (June 5, 2018): 1927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-018-5888-x.

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5

Meesters, Lydia, and Jean-Bernard Martens. "A single-ended blockiness measure for JPEG-coded images." Signal Processing 82, no. 3 (March 2002): 369–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1684(01)00177-3.

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6

Pillai, Prasanth KS, Yulinglong Ouyang, Andrea K. Stone, and Michael T. Nickerson. "Effect of different levels of esterification and blockiness of pectin on the functional behaviour of pea protein isolate–pectin complexes." Food Science and Technology International 27, no. 1 (May 25, 2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013220924888.

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This research examines changes to the functional (solubility, emulsifying and foaming) properties of pea protein isolate when complexed with commercial citrus pectin of different structural attributes. Specifically, a high methoxy (P90; degree of esterification: 90.0%; degree of blockiness: 64.5%; galacturonic acid content 11.4%) and low methoxy (P29; degree of esterification: 28.6%; degree of blockiness: 31.1%; galacturonic acid: 70%) pectin at their optimum mixing ratios with pea protein isolate (4:1 pea protein isolate to P90; 10:1 pea protein isolate to P29) were assessed at the pHs associated with critical structure forming events during the complexation process (soluble complexation (pHc), pH 6.7 and 6.1; insoluble complex formation (pHϕ1), pH 4.0 and 5.0; maximum complexation (pHopt), pH 3.5 and 3.8; dissolution of complexes, pH 2.4 and 2.1; for admixtures of pea protein isolate–P90 and pea protein isolate–P29, respectively). Pea protein isolate solubility was improved from 41 to 73% by the presence of P90 at pH 6.0 and was also moderately increased at pH 4.0 and pH 5.0 by P90 and P29, respectively. The emulsion stability of both pea protein isolate–pectin complexes was higher than the homogeneous pea protein isolate at all critical pHs except pHopt as well as pHc for pea protein isolate–P29 only. P90, with the higher level blockiness and esterification, displayed better foaming properties at the maximal complexation pH when complexed with pea protein isolate than pea protein isolate–P29 or pea protein isolate alone. However at pHϕ2, pea protein isolate–P29 admixtures produced foams with 100% stability, increasing pea protein isolate foam stability by 85%. The enhanced functionality of pea protein isolate–pectin complexes based on the type of pectin used at critical pHs indicates they may be useful biopolymer ingredients in plant protein applications.
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7

Shcherbakov, Petro, Svitlana Tymchenko, Marat Bitimbayev, Nurzhigit Sarybayev, and Serik Moldabayev. "Mathematical model to optimize drilling-and-blasting operations in the process of open-pit hard rock mining." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 2 (2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.02.025.

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Purpose is to determine a function of the reduced expenditures connected with drilling-and-blasting operations, loading and hauling operations, and rock fragmentation depending upon the cost of machine-shift of the applied facility, its operation modes, hardness of rock being blasted, cost of the used explosive, and rock fragmentation quality based upon the developed optimization mathematical model. Methods. Method of statistical evaluation of natural blockiness structure of the rock as well as quality of its fragmentation by means of explosive energy has been applied. Statistical studies have been carried out concerning the basic indices of rock fragmentation depending upon its largeness and block hardness. Purposely-designed experimental equipment has been applied for sampling analysis of the rock fracturing in the process of its drilling by means of rotary drilling rig. The abovementioned supported representativeness of the sampling. Findings. Statistical distributions of the rock blockiness structure in terms of each bar length involving its place within the drilling assembly as well as in terms of the well depth have been compiled. Visual comparison of experimental data and theoretical data has helped determine that the statistical distributions of natural blockiness structure of the rock have the closest correlation with gamma distribution which differential function has two positive parameters. Statistical dependence has been defined between drilling-and-blasting results and the total expenditures connected with hard rock mining. Originality. A concept of oversize crushing coefficient has been introduced; its statistical dependence upon the mined rock hardness and specific consumption of the applied explosive has been derived. An alternative has been proposed concerning changes in parameters of the differential function of the assumed gamma distribution relative to the predicted granulometric composition of rock mass. Practical implications. Economic and mathematical model has been developed involving a target function of the total expenditures connected with the listed operations as well as a set of constraints avoiding incorrect decisions. The optimization method makes it possible to control drilling-and-blasting parameters at each stage of hard rock mining.
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8

Dickinson, L. Charles, R. A. Weiss, and Gary E. Wnek. "NMR Characterization of Sulfonation Blockiness in Copoly(styrene−sulfonated styrene)." Macromolecules 34, no. 9 (April 2001): 3108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0016275.

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9

Tang, Chaoying, and Biao Wang. "A No-Reference Adaptive Blockiness Measure for JPEG Compressed Images." PLOS ONE 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2016): e0165664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165664.

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10

Ibrar-ul-Haque, Muhammad, Muhammad Tahir Qadri, and Najeeb Siddiqui. "Reduced reference blockiness and blurriness meter for image quality assessment." Imaging Science Journal 63, no. 5 (May 4, 2015): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743131x15y.0000000011.

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11

Chouinard, Paul N., and Ken V. Paulson. "A Markov‐Gauss algorithm for blocking well logs." GEOPHYSICS 53, no. 8 (August 1988): 1118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442549.

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A characteristic common among petrophysical sections is “blockiness,” which results from the high probability that a given rock and the rocks above and below it are all of the same type. Furthermore, if a new rock type is encountered, the next rock’s type is dependent upon this new type and not on a previous type. This suggests that a Markov chain would be an appropriate basis for modeling such physical parameters as acoustic impedance, electrical resistivity, etc.
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12

Xia, Lu, Yinhe Zheng, and Qingchun Yu. "Estimation of the REV size for blockiness of fractured rock masses." Computers and Geotechnics 76 (June 2016): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2016.02.016.

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13

Wardhaugh, Leigh T., and Michael C. Williams. "Blockiness of olefin copolymers and possible microphase separation in the melt." Polymer Engineering and Science 35, no. 1 (January 1995): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350104.

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14

Wenfeng Gao, C. Mermer, and Yongmin Kim. "A de-blocking algorithm and a blockiness metric for highly compressed images." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 12, no. 12 (December 2002): 1150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2002.806817.

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15

Chen, Li, Jingye Li, Xiaohong Chen, Hongxing Liu, and Lin Zhou. "Prestack AVO inversion based on the vectorised reflectivity method with blockiness constraint." Exploration Geophysics 51, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08123985.2020.1801082.

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16

Zhan, Yibing, and Rong Zhang. "No-Reference JPEG Image Quality Assessment Based on Blockiness and Luminance Change." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 24, no. 6 (June 2017): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2017.2688371.

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17

Jeong, Taeuk. "No-reference image-quality metric based on blur radius and visual blockiness." Optical Engineering 49, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 045001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.3366671.

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18

Xia, Lu, Maohua Li, Youhua Chen, Yinhe Zheng, and Qingchun Yu. "Blockiness level of rock mass around underground powerhouse of Three Gorges Project." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 48 (April 2015): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.02.002.

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19

Madkour, Tarek M. "Effect of ‘‘blockiness’’ on the thermal transition of the terephthalate–adipate copolymers." Journal of Chemical Physics 104, no. 22 (June 8, 1996): 9154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471447.

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20

Silva, Alexandre Fieno da, and Mylène C. Q. Farias;. "Perceptual Strengths of Video Impairments that Combine Blockiness, Blurriness, and Packet-Loss Artifacts." Electronic Imaging 2018, no. 12 (January 28, 2018): 234–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2018.12.iqsp-234.

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21

Kim, Hak-choong, Oguzhan Urhan, and Tae-gyu Chang. "Post-filtering of DCT Coded Images Using Fuzzy Blockiness Detector and Linear Interpolation." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 53, no. 3 (August 2007): 1125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2007.4341595.

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22

Vanderwoude, Gordon, and An-Chang Shi. "Effects of Blockiness and Polydispersity on the Phase Behavior of Random Block Copolymers." Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 26, no. 1 (August 23, 2016): 1600044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.201600044.

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23

Winning, Hanne, Nanna Viereck, Tina Salomonsen, Jan Larsen, and Søren B. Engelsen. "Quantification of blockiness in pectins—A comparative study using vibrational spectroscopy and chemometrics." Carbohydrate Research 344, no. 14 (September 2009): 1833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2008.10.015.

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24

Kamdar, A. R., H. P. Wang, D. U. Khariwala, A. Taha, A. Hiltner, and E. Baer. "Effect of chain blockiness on the phase behavior of ethylene-octene copolymer blends." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 47, no. 16 (July 8, 2009): 1554–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.21757.

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25

Kutinov, Y. G., T. Ya Belenovitch, and Z. B. Chistova. "Discreteness of the Earth's crust, energy consumption of blocks and seismicity of the European North of Russia." Vestnik of Geosciences 11 (2021): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/geov.2021.11.2.

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The article presents results of calculations of the coefficients of discreteness and energy consumption of megablocks, transblock zones and intersection nodes in the territory of the European North of Russia (the Baltic Shield and the North of the Russian Plate). Calculations of fault surface density and the crushing («blockiness») function are carried out. Analysis of the obtained parameters showed that seismically active zones and nodes of their intersection are characterized by high values of the studied parameters comparable to the values typical for the Arctic seismic belt. Thus, we can talk about the spatial connection of blocks with increased discreteness, energy saturation and surface density of the fault with the topografic position of earthquakes.
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26

Tanaka, Shigehiko, Takayuki Fujiwara, Manabu Hashimoto, Takuma Funahashi, and Hiroyasu Koshimizu. "Evaluation of JPEG Blockiness by the Fast Analysis of Information on Local Image Frequency." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 131, no. 4 (2011): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.131.600.

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27

Zhou, Lin, Jianping Liao, Jingye Li, Xiaohong Chen, Tianchun Yang, and Andrew Hursthouse. "Bayesian Time-lapse Difference Inversion Based on the exact Zoeppritz Equations with Blockiness Constraint." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 25, no. 1 (March 2020): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg19-045.

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Accurately inverting changes in the reservoir elastic parameters that are caused by oil and gas exploitation is of great importance in accurately describing reservoir dynamics and enhancing recovery. Previously numerous time-lapse seismic inversion methods based on the approximate formulas of exact Zoeppritz equations or wave equations have been used to estimate these changes. However the low accuracy of calculations using approximate formulas and the significant calculation effort for the wave equations seriously limits the field application of these methods. However, these limitations can be overcome by using exact Zoeppritz equations. Therefore, we study the time-lapse seismic difference inversion method using the exact Zoeppritz equations. Firstly, the forward equation of time-lapse seismic difference data is derived based on the exact Zoeppritz equations. Secondly, the objective function based on Bayesian inversion theory is constructed using this equation, with the changes in elastic parameters assumed to obey a Gaussian distribution. In order to capture the sharp time-lapse changes of elastic parameters and further enhance the resolution of the inversion results, the blockiness constraint, which follows the differentiable Laplace distribution, is added to the prior Gaussian background model. All examples of its application show that the proposed method can obtain stable and reasonable P- and S-wave velocities and density changes from the difference data. The accuracy of estimation is higher than for existing methods, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the new method. It can provide high-quality seismic inversion results for dynamic detailed reservoir description and well location during development.
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28

Jermendi, Éva, Martin Beukema, Marco A. van den Berg, Paul de Vos, and Henk A. Schols. "Revealing methyl-esterification patterns of pectins by enzymatic fingerprinting: Beyond the degree of blockiness." Carbohydrate Polymers 277 (February 2022): 118813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118813.

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29

Chen, Qingfa, Tingchang Yin, and Hangyu Jia. "Selection of Optimal Threshold of Generalised Rock Quality Designation Based on Modified Blockiness Index." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (January 10, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1340549.

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Rock quality designation (RQD) is a critical index for quantifying the degree of rock mass jointing; it is widely used for evaluating the qualities and stabilities of engineering rock masses. However, the use of traditional RQD may yield inaccurate assessments because only core pieces longer than 100 mm are counted. To enhance the utility of RQD, generalised RQD was introduced. Based on the modified blockiness index (MBi), the determination of the optimal threshold of generalised RQD was performed. In this work, 35 types of hypothetical three-dimensional joint network models were constructed, and their generalised RQD values (with different thresholds) and MBi values were measured. The correlation between the standard ratings of MBi and RQD was assessed; based on this correlation, the theoretical RQD values of the 35 models were derived. The reasonable thresholds of the generalised RQD were determined according to the theoretical RQD values, and the optimal threshold of generalised RQD was obtained using the variation coefficient and anisotropy index of the jointing degree. The discrepancy between the results produced using traditional and generalised RQDs was discussed. Finally, an actual case study was conducted, and the results indicate that the generalised RQD associated with the optimal threshold determined in this study can properly quantify the degree of jointing of a given rock mass.
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30

Xia, Lu, and Qingchun Yu. "Numerical Investigations of Blockiness of Fractured Rocks Based on Fracture Spacing and Disc Diameter." International Journal of Geomechanics 20, no. 3 (March 2020): 04020004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0001596.

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31

Winning, Hanne, Nanna Viereck, Lars Nørgaard, Jan Larsen, and Søren B. Engelsen. "Quantification of the degree of blockiness in pectins using 1H NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics." Food Hydrocolloids 21, no. 2 (March 2007): 256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.03.017.

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32

Basonov, O. A., D. V. Petrov, and A. A. Kovaleva. "EXTERIOR AND CONSTITUTIONAL FEATURES OF FIRST-CALF HEIFERS OF BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF SELECTION." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 230 (September 25, 2021): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2021-3-183-190.

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The development of dairy cattle breeding largely depends on the culture of young cattle breeding. It is very difficult to obtain and preserve young animals. Correct rearing of young cattle of dairy breeds contributes to the appropriate exhibition of genetically inherent productive abilities of animals during the first stage of their growth and development. When organizing breeding and feeding, animal growth and development characteristics are taken into account, which are determined by heredity and environmental conditions, especially feeding. The article provides a comparative analysis of the dynamics of live weight, measurements and body indexes of first-calf heifers of various selection combinations. First-calf heifers of the fifth experimental group, obtained from fathers and mothers belonging to the cross lines, exceeded animals in the control group, whose parents belonged to pure lines, in live weight and gains. Under the same housing and feeding conditions, the heifers of the studied groups did not grow in the same way, and certain differences were revealed in the process of ontogenesis. The first-calf heifers of the 5th group had the greatest live weight in different age periods and exceeded the peers of the 1st, 3rd and 4th groups from 10 to 23 kg with relevant difference. The animals of the 5th experimental group had the highest average daily gains till 6 months old. For the entire growing period (18 months), the animals in the control group had the highest relative gain, which was significantly higher than the gain in the experimental groups. The following body indexes were calculated: long-legged, elongation, pelvic-thoracic, thoracic; blockiness and bone index, as well as milk production coefficient which determined the direction of productivity of animals. First-calf cows were included into dairy-meat productivity direction according to the long-legged and elongated index. According to blockiness and thoracic index, animals of all groups belong to dairy direction of productivity, and according to bone index, to meat direction.
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33

Allebach, Jan P. "Nearest-neighbor and bilinear resampling factor estimation to detect blockiness or blurriness of an image." Journal of Electronic Imaging 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 023005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2912053.

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34

Sanborn, Jon A., and Paul M. Lahti. "13C-NMR investigation of the blockiness of poly(para-xylylene α-tetrahydrothiophenium halide) polyelectrolyte formation." Designed Monomers and Polymers 3, no. 3 (January 2000): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156855500300160302.

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35

Ganesan, Venkat, N. Arun Kumar, and Victor Pryamitsyn. "Blockiness and Sequence Polydispersity Effects on the Phase Behavior and Interfacial Properties of Gradient Copolymers." Macromolecules 45, no. 15 (July 24, 2012): 6281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma301136y.

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36

Shalamanov, Victor A., Sergey N. Shabaev, and Faruz Alama. "Recommendations for determining the thickness of the road pavement of technological roads built from coal-bearing rocks." E3S Web of Conferences 134 (2019): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913401013.

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With open-pit mining method in Kuzbass is widely used automobile transport, transportation costs up to 70% of the cost of coal production. It is not economically feasible to use asphalt concrete and cement concrete as a material of temporary technological roads, and the use of crushed coal-bearing rocks will make it possible to increase the efficiency of coal mining by open method. Currently, the question of the application of the coal-bearing rocks for building temporary technological roads is poorly studied. The paper proposes a method of determining the thickness of road pavements of technological roads, which can be applied directly by the mining company, their analysis has been carried out, the dependence from the strength factor and the category of blockiness of foundation rocks has been determined.
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37

Löfgren, Caroline, Stéphanie Guillotin, Hanne Evenbratt, Henk Schols, and Anne-Marie Hermansson. "Effects of Calcium, pH, and Blockiness on Kinetic Rheological Behavior and Microstructure of HM Pectin Gels." Biomacromolecules 6, no. 2 (March 2005): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm049619+.

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38

Guillotin, Stéphanie E., Janine Van Kampen, Patrick Boulenguer, Henk A. Schols, and Alphons G. J. Voragen. "Degree of blockiness of amide groups as indicator for difference in physical behavior of amidated pectins." Biopolymers 82, no. 1 (2006): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.20456.

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39

Xu, Tong, and Lei Huang. "A Novel Algorithm of Fractal-Wavelet Image Denosing." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 1440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.1440.

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Image denosing is the first preprocessing step in dealing with image processing where the overall system quality should be improved. So it is a key issue in all image processing researches. Over the past years, fractal-wavelet transforms were introduced in an effort to reduce the blockiness and computational complexity that are inherent in fractal image compression. The essence of fractal image denosing is to predict fractal code of a noiseless image from its noisy observation. From the predicted fractal code, we can generate an estimate of the original image. In the paper, we show how well fractal-wavelet denosing predicts parent wavelet subtrees of the noiseless image. The performance of various fractal-wavelet denosing schemes is compared to that of some standard wavelet thresholding methods. From the several of experimental results, these fractal-based image denosing methods are quite competitive with standard wavelet thresholding methods for image denosing.
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40

SALLEE, PHIL. "MODEL-BASED METHODS FOR STEGANOGRAPHY AND STEGANALYSIS." International Journal of Image and Graphics 05, no. 01 (January 2005): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467805001719.

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This paper presents methods for performing steganography and steganalysis using a statistical model of the cover medium. The methodology is general, and can be applied to virtually any type of media. It provides answers for some fundamental questions that have not been fully addressed by previous steganographic methods, such as how large a message can be hidden without risking detection by certain statistical methods, and how to achieve this maximum capacity. Current steganographic methods have been shown to be insecure against simple statistical attacks. Using the model-based methodology, an example steganography method is proposed for JPEG images that achieves a higher embedding efficiency and message capacity than previous methods while remaining secure against first order statistical attacks. A method is also described for defending against "blockiness" steganalysis attacks. Finally, a model-based steganalysis method is presented for estimating the length of messages hidden with Jsteg in JPEG images.
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41

SIDUNOV, S. V., R. V. LOBAN, E. Yu GUMINSKAYA, M. N. SIDUNOVA, A. A. MATSULEVICH, and D. A. KHMELENKO. "GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE AND EXTERIORCONSTITUTIONAL FEATURES OF BREEDING STOCK OF LIMOUSIN BREED OF BELARUSIAN SELECTION." Zootechnical science of Belarus 57, no. 1 (September 25, 2022): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/0134-9732-2022-57-1-113-124.

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Modern selection of beef cattle is impossible without a comprehensive assessment of the breeding value of an animal, which allows to analyze the transfer of a selection trait to offspring, to separate factors of production environment, to move from historically established phenotypic to genetic selection, in which selection of animals is formed only by their genotype. The article contains the results of research, the purpose of which was to study the genealogical structure and exterior-constitutional features of the Limousin breeding stock, bred in JSC “Turovschina” of Zhitkovichi district of Gomel region. It has been established that the greatest number of cows of the selection group belongs to the genealogical lines of bulls: KERN 767553941 (51 heads), NEBULEX 1096 (14 heads) and No. 4902116 (13 heads). Higher constitution indices (blockiness and breast) are typical for first-calf heifers, while boneiness and massiveness - for full-grown cows.
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42

Denisova, Yu I., M. L. Gringolts, L. B. Krentsel’, G. A. Shandryuk, A. D. Litmanovich, E. Sh Finkelshtein, and Ya V. Kudryavtsev. "Regulation of the degree of blockiness of the norbornene–cyclooctene copolymer synthesized via the cross-metathesis reaction." Polymer Science Series B 58, no. 3 (May 2016): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1560090416030040.

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43

Gonzalo, Maria Jose, Marin Talbot Brewer, Claire Anderson, David Sullivan, Simon Gray, and Esther van der Knaap. "Tomato Fruit Shape Analysis Using Morphometric and Morphology Attributes Implemented in Tomato Analyzer Software Program." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 134, no. 1 (January 2009): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.134.1.77.

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Reliable analysis of plant traits depends on the accuracy of scoring the phenotype. We report here on the efficacy of two methods in the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling fruit morphology in three segregating tomato (Solanum spp.) F2 populations using the software program, Tomato Analyzer. The first method uses fruit morphology attributes such as fruit shape index, blockiness, pear shape, indentation area, and angles of the fruit along the boundary. The second method uses morphometric points to quantify shape. The morphometric data were subjected to principle components analysis (PCA). QTL that control the fruit morphology attributes and the morphometric PCA were identified that revealed that the methods were comparable in that they resulted in nearly identical loci. Novel attributes were added to Tomato Analyzer that improved versatility of the program in measuring additional morphological features of fruit. We demonstrated that these novel attributes permitted identification of QTL controlling the traits.
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44

Yang, Wenbing, Feng Tong, Xiaoqi Gao, Chunlei Zhang, Guantian Chen, and Zhijian Xiao. "Remote Sensing Image Compression Evaluation Method Based on Neural Network Prediction and Fusion Quality Fidelity." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (May 11, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9948811.

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Lossy compression can produce false information, such as blockiness, noise, ringing, ghosting, aliasing, and blurring. This paper provides a comprehensive model for optical remote sensing image characteristics based on the block standard deviation’s retention rate (BSV). We first propose a compression evaluation method, CR_CI, that combines neural network prediction and remote sensing image quality fidelity. Through the compression evaluation and improved experimental verification of multiple satellites (CBERS-02B satellite, ZY-1-02C satellite, CBERS-04 satellite, GF-1, GF-2, etc.), CR_CI can be stable, cleverly test changes in the information extraction performance of optical remote sensing images, and provide strong support for optimizing the design of compression schemes. In addition, a predictor of remote sensing image number compression is constructed based on deep neural networks, which combines compression efficiency (compression ratio), image quality, and protection. Empirical results demonstrate the image’s highest compression efficiency under the premise of satisfying visual interpretation and quantitative application.
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45

Sazzad, Z. M. Parvez, Roushain Akhter, J. Baltes, and Y. Horita. "Objective No-Reference Stereoscopic Image Quality Prediction Based on 2D Image Features and Relative Disparity." Advances in Multimedia 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/256130.

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Stereoscopic images are widely used to enhance the viewing experience of three-dimensional (3D) imaging and communication system. In this paper, we propose an image feature and disparity dependent quality evaluation metric, which incorporates human visible system characteristics. We believe perceived distortions and disparity of any stereoscopic image are strongly dependent on local features, such as edge (i.e., nonplane areas of an image) and nonedge (i.e., plane areas of an image) areas within the image. Therefore, a no-reference perceptual quality assessment method is developed for JPEG coded stereoscopic images based on segmented local features of distortions and disparity. Local feature information such as edge and non-edge area based relative disparity estimation, as well as the blockiness and the edge distortion within the block of images are evaluated in this method. Subjective stereo image database is used for evaluation of the metric. The subjective experiment results indicate that our metric has sufficient prediction performance.
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46

Ma, Yong, Dave Hale, Bin Gong, and Zhaobo (Joe) Meng. "Image-guided sparse-model full waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 77, no. 4 (July 1, 2012): R189—R198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0395.1.

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Multiple problems, including high computational cost, spurious local minima, and solutions with no geologic sense, have prevented widespread application of full waveform inversion (FWI), especially FWI of seismic reflections. These problems are fundamentally related to a large number of model parameters and to the absence of low frequencies in recorded seismograms. Instead of inverting for all the parameters in a dense model, image-guided full waveform inversion inverts for a sparse model space that contains far fewer parameters. We represent a model with a sparse set of values, and from these values, we use image-guided interpolation (IGI) and its adjoint operator to compute finely and uniformly sampled models that can fit recorded data in FWI. Because of this sparse representation, image-guided FWI updates more blocky models, and this blockiness in the model space mitigates the absence of low frequencies in recorded data. Moreover, IGI honors imaged structures, so image-guided FWI built in this way yields models that are geologically sensible.
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47

Fischer, C. P., and M. S. Diederichs. "Explicit numerical models for the prediction of plastic and weakening rockmass behaviour around a circular tunnel in isotropic and anisotropic stress conditions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1124, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1124/1/012061.

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Abstract The Geological Strength Index, GSI, is an assessment system for rockmass structure conditions (blockiness and discontinuity condition) based on the visual examination of exposed rockmass surfaces. The Generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion is widely used with GSI to estimate the strength and stiffness of jointed rockmasses in traditional continuum numerical modelling. Modern numerical analysis tools allow networks of discrete structure to be represented with assigned properties based on site investigation data. In this paper, models with defined explicit structure are shown to yield similar results to implicit GSI-based models and provide more detailed information on the spatial variability of tunnel response when reasonable rockmass input parameters are estimated and calibrated. Once plastic explicit models are calibrated to give similar response to plastic implicit GSI-based models, explicit models using weakening joint and intact rock elements are used to determine appropriate post-yield strength and dilation parameters for use in implicit GSI-based modelling.
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48

Martin, Tyler B., Christopher McKinney, and Arthi Jayaraman. "Effect of blockiness in grafted monomer sequences on assembly of copolymer grafted nanoparticles: a Monte Carlo simulation study." Soft Matter 9, no. 1 (2013): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2sm26611c.

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49

Azevedo, Roberto G. de A., Neil Birkbeck, Ivan Janatra, Balu Adsumilli, and Pascal Frossard. "Subjective and Viewport-based Objective Quality Assessment of 360-degree videos." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 9 (January 26, 2020): 284–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.9.iqsp-284.

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Visual distortions in processed 360-degree visual content and consumed through head-mounted displays (HMDs) are perceived very differently when compared to traditional 2D content. To better understand how compression-related artifacts affect the overall perceived quality of 360-degree videos, this paper presents a subjective quality assessment study and analyzes the performance of objective metrics to correlate with the gathered subjective scores. In contrast to previous related work, the proposed study focuses on the equiangular cubemap projection and includes specific visual distortions (blur, blockiness, H.264 compression, and cubemap seams) on both monoscopic and stereoscopic sequences. The objective metrics performance analysis is based on metrics computed in both the projection domain and the viewports, which is closer to what the user sees. The results show that overall objective metrics computed on viewports are more correlated with the subjective scores in our dataset than the same metrics computed in the projection domain. Moreover, the proposed dataset and objective metrics analysis serve as a benchmark for the development of new perception-optimized quality assessment algorithms for 360-degree videos, which is still a largely open research problem.
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50

Hussian, Sajjad, Noor Mohammad, Zahid Ur Rehman, Naseer Muhammad Khan, Khan Shahzada, Sarfraz Ali, Muhammad Tahir, Salim Raza, and Saira Sherin. "Review of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) as an Empirical Classification and Rock Mass Property Estimation Tool: Origination, Modifications, Applications, and Limitations." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 24, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6471837.

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The geological strength index (GSI) is one of the most exceptional rock mass classification system which is used to evaluate very weak and highly jointed rock mass by different approaches and related to rock mass geomechanical properties including generalized Hoek & Brown constants, deformation modulus, strength properties, and Poisson’s ratio for an appropriate design of tunnels, caverns, and other engineering structures. The distinctiveness of this system over the rock mass rating (RMR), Q-system, and other empirical methods is as follows: it utilized field observations, blockiness of rock mass, and surface joint characteristics during the evaluation process of rock mass and efficiently espoused as an empirical tool for estimation of geomechanical properties of rock mass required for pre-post stability of engineering structures using numerical modeling. This study presents the review of the 19 years of research studies conducted by different researchers about the GSI in a systematic way, i.e., origination, modifications, applications, and limitations. Furthermore, this study will provide a better understanding to field professionals (geologists, mining and civil engineers) about the qualitative and quantitative estimation of the GSI and its application as an empirical estimating tool for an appropriate design of engineering structures in rock mass environments.
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