Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bloch frames'
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Monaco, Domenico. "Geometric phases in graphene and topological insulators." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4844.
Full textArslan, Guray. "Strengthening Of Reinforced Concrete Frames By Custom Shaped High Strength Concrete Masonry Blocks." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610335/index.pdf.
Full textHabib, Brian. "Framnäs förskola." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188999.
Full textIt all started with a very essential idea for a safe kindergarten. Staircases are dangerous and are better avoided. Too many levels easily become problematic. Crucial through the project was that the children could spend full days on a single storey plan. Consequently the childrens' sections are fully placed on their respective single level plans. These enclose a common room and playgrounds. On the upper level you will find the youngests' section directly accessing roof terraces. The floor plan follows a repetitive module, where rooms facing south are glazed in that direction, resembling the simplicity of modernist pavilions, yet defining a pronounced front. An extension of the rooms towards the playgrounds, a passageway, runs through the whole building, both indoors and outdoors and on both levels, creating a linking "room" in the middle. I believe that this type of layout with repetitive modules and simplicity and horizontality in architectural expression makes it clear how the kindergarten is best operated.
Ellenberger, Lindsey Renee. "Transfer of Function in a Block Design Context across Frames of Distinction, Comparison, and Opposition." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2342.
Full textMilburn, Paul Spencer. "Multi-variable block transforms for motion compensated digital video compression." Thesis, University of Salford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261859.
Full textChang, Andy. "Fast multi-frame and multi-block selection for H.264 video coding standard /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202003%20CHANG.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
Cai, Guangcheng Chen Liming. "Le suivi de l'objet mobile et l'algorithme du bloc estimé." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/gcai.pdf.
Full textHanks, Kevin N. "Rotational Strength and Stiffness of Shallowly Embedded Base Connections in Steel Moment Frames." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6261.
Full textCai, Guangcheng. "Le suivi de l'objet mobile et l'algorithme du bloc estimé." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/gcai.pdf.
Full textMoving object detection and tracking is a major issue in many vision systems. Since features of MPEG, our paper presents a novel mehtod that directly detects and tracks the moving object in video from MPEG coded data fluid. Our method can fully make use of the temporal and spatial correlation between I and P frame, and effectively avoid the difficult of change of shape, color and background of moving object. Precise visibility measuring of billboard advertising is a key element for the organizers and broadcasters to make cost effective their sport live relay. Our technique makes use of fast Hough transform and text's geometry features in order to extract advertisement from sport TV images. Digital Speckle Correlation Method has been applied to an optical measurement. This paper discusses the theory precision of the quadratic interpolation and the gradient method from mathematics theory. And we ameliorate their formula from discrete integer aspect
Urger, Mucip Ahmet. "Apartment Block As The Object Of The Generic City:ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605548/index.pdf.
Full textendless reproduction."
This transformation has led the Apartment Block to be accused of transforming Turkish cities to deformed agglomerations, deprived of aesthetics. In this sense, architectural discipline has been criticized for its impotence to respond the economical, social and cultural conditions that traverse the urban setting. This criticism has questioned the generative role of architecture in the Early Republican period as a social engineering and discouraged any relation between architecture and the city, which has manifested the reduction of the architecture to a formal discipline. Ankara, with its dazzling transformation within few decades proposed its own urbanism and its own architecture, with the mutation of the Apartment Block first to a resilient frame than to a multi-programmed infrastructure. This study will consider this transformation as &
#8216
another&
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manifestation of a new kind of urbanism that was mainly declared by Rem Koolhaas and OMA, claming that the resilient and neutral objects are the dominant and extensive forms of the contemporary urbanism. Hence, the study presents a cross reading of the urban development of Ankara together with Rem Koolhaas&
#8217
book Delirious New York and his essay The Generic City in SMLXL. The utmost goal is to explore a possible "
reciprocal relation"
between architecture and the city and to explore the limits of architectural intervention in the particular case of Ankara. Such an objective inevitably requires extending the limits of architectural thinking to the city scale. Thus, Ankara goes beyond a case study in an inquiry that aims to undertand the mechanisms of the building production in the contemporary urbanism.
Burmeister, Steffi [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberst, Jürgen [Gutachter] Oberst, and Jürgen [Gutachter] Kusche. "Determining rotational elements of planetary bodies : method and implementation of an inertial frame bundle block adjustment / Steffi Burmeister ; Gutachter: Jürgen Oberst, Jürgen Kusche ; Betreuer: Jürgen Oberst." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1156271487/34.
Full textBína, Vojtěch. "Hotel Artia." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-239948.
Full textDHAKAL, PAWAN. "Algorithms for 5G physical layer." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2670627.
Full textGustavsson, Göran, and Göran Löfgren. "Höga trähus : Befintliga trähusproducenters förutsättningar och intresse att bygga flerfamiljshus med bärande trästomme med fler än två våningar." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2312.
Full textSyftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka befintliga trähusproducenters förutsättningar och intresse att bygga flerfamiljshus med bärande trästomme med fler än två våningar. För att nå vårt syfte har vi satt oss in i marknaden för höga trähus. Detta har vi gjort genom att initialt betrakta dels marknaden ur olika intressenters perspektiv, dels genom att undersöka företagen som finns på marknaden idag och placera in deras respektive byggsystem i en produktlivscykel. Vi har därefter satt oss in i marknaden för trähus och fokuserat på tio företag som vi har djupintervjuat. Vi beskriver sedan de samband vi ser mellan förutsättningarna på marknaden för höga trähus och intervjuresultaten. Dessa samband utmynnar i en analys av de faktorer som påverkar företagens val av strategi. Vi gör en uppdelning av företagen i olika strategiska grupper utgående från deras erfarenhet av höga trähus, och vi redogör för hur företagen i de olika grupperna kan agera vid några olika scenarier. Faktorer som påverkar är ägarförhållanden, övrig verksamhet i koncernen och bristen på ingenjörskompetens i projekteringen. I våra redovisade scenarier tror vi att flera av dagens trähusproducenter kommer att finnas på marknaden om fem år. Det gäller främst företag som är starka på projektverksamhet, men också företag som är underleverantörer av element. De företag som nu är på marknaden med ett byggsystem eller som nu är på väg in tror vi, i våra scenarier, har ett gynnsamt läge främst för leveranser till större och medelstora städer.
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate existing manufacturers of wooden framed buildings requirements and interest of building block of flats with bearing wooden frame with more than two floors. With this in view we have studied the market for high wooden houses. We have initially regarded that market from the approach of different interest parties and through investigation of the companies in the market today and to place their systems for building technologies in a life cycle for the product. After that we have regarded the market for wooden framed buildings and focused on the ten companies which we have interviewed. Than we describe how the requirements on the market for high wooden houses are related to results from the interviews. These connections end in an analysis of the factors which influence the choices for the strategy of the companies. We divide the companies in different strategic groups. These groups originate from their experiences of high wooden houses. We describe how the different companies can act at some different scenarios. Factors which influence the existing manufacturers of wooden framed buildings entrance on the market are the state of proprietions, the other activity in the group of companies and the lack of competence of engineering in the projecting. In the scenarios, which we have given details about, do we predict that several of todays existing manufacturers of wooden framed buildings will be on the market in less than five years. This is above all valid for companies which are strong in the activities of projects and companies which are subcontractor of building elements. The companies which are on the market now with a system for building technologies, or are on their way, we believe have a favourable position above all for deliveries to larger or mediumlarge cities.
Carda, Vojtěch. "Bytový dům v Třebíči." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265716.
Full textТвердохліб, Віталій Вікторович, Виталий Викторович Твердохлеб, and Vitaliy Tverdohlib. "Метод підвищення продуктивності телекомунікаційних систем на основі управління інтенсивністю відеотрафіка." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/48932.
Full textДиссертация посвящена решению актуальной научно-прикладной задачи, заключающейся в обеспечении качества видеосервисов на необходимом уровне за счет снижения времени задержек доставки видеотрафика в системе предоставления видеосервисов с использованием беспроводных телекоммуникационных сетей. Излагаются этапы создания метода управления интенсивностью видеокадров на уровне кодирования сегментов кадров и их структурных составляющих, базовые особенности которого заключаются в том, что для каждого сегмента формируется кодовый описание в виде совокупности независимых кодовых структур. Подход на основе независимых кодовых структур позволяет осуществлять управление битовой интенсивностью видео за счет изменения количества структурных составляющих кодовой конструкции трансформированного сегмента кадра. Метод позволяет обеспечить сокращение избыточности описания видеокадра за счет учета структурных особенностей описания трансформант на уровне битового представления. Обосновывается целесообразность подхода, основанного на исключении ряда трансформант сегмента видеокадра с последующей интерполяцией для построения метода управления интенсивностью видеопотока с контролируемым уровнем качества. Разрабатывается метод управления битовой интенсивностью видеотрафика на базе интерполяции трансформант, что обеспечивает обработку видеопотока в реальном времени. В рамках метода управления обеспечиваются режимы функционирования, в ходе которых выполняется изменение битовой интенсивности да корректировки уровня ошибки, внесенной в процессе управления.
The dissertation is devoted to the solution of an urgent scientific and applied problem, which consists in ensuring the quality of video services at the required level by reducing the time of video traffic delivery delays in the system for providing video services using wireless telecommunication networks. The stages of creating a method for controlling the intensity of video frames at the level of encoding frame segments and their structural components are described, the basic features of which are that for each segment a code description is formed in the form of a set of independent code structures. This allows you to control the bit intensity of the video by changing the number of structural components of the code structure of the transformed frame segment. The method allows to reduce the redundancy of the video frame description by taking into account the structural features of the description of transformants at the level of bit representation. The expediency of an approach based on the exclusion of a number of transformants of a video frame segment with subsequent interpolation to construct a method for controlling the intensity of a video stream with a controlled level of quality is substantiated. A method for controlling the bit intensity of video traffic is being developed based on downsampling of frame slices at the transformants level with their subsequent interpolation, while processing the video stream in real time is provided. To implement the method for controlling the bit rate of video traffic based on downsampling of slices, sets of basic transformants and transformants are preliminarily formed in their structure, which can be thinned out at this stage. Within the framework of the control method, the existence of modes of operation is provided, during which the bit intensity is changed in real time and the error level is corrected, which can be introduced in the process of controlling the value of the video bit intensity.
Nemati, Navid. "Theorie macroscopique de propagation du son dans les milieux poreux 'à structure rigide permettant la dispersion spatiale: principe et validation." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848603.
Full textZouhar, Martin. "Novostavba administrativní budovy v Blansku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227269.
Full textGiacintová, Sylva. "Intenzivní dům v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-394011.
Full textMelo, Franco Lenon Rogerio de. "A maldição como processo = leituras de Gaspard de la Nuit." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270320.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituo de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T22:23:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MeloFranco_LenonRogeriode_M.pdf: 1830662 bytes, checksum: d63fce9d22e9ed1808c6436f83f0a25d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A dissertação se ocupa da recepção da obra francesa Gaspard de la Nuit: fantaisies à la manière de Rembrandt et de Callot desde sua publicação nos anos românticos até nossos dias. As leituras de Sainte-Beuve, Baudelaire, Mallarmé e André Breton, sobretudo, são revisadas à luz de exames sincrônicos e diacrônicos. Os diferentes acolhimentos do texto são oportunidade e aporte para discutirmos seus aspectos prevalentes, tais como a relação da poesia com as artes plásticas, a fundação de um novo gênero que é o poema em prosa moderno e a noção de poète maudit. Após o decantamento crítico de numerosos leitores, apresentamos então nossa exegese particular da obra - que se acrescenta a esses registros recepcionais que foram analisados
Abstract: Not informed
Mestrado
Literatura Geral e Comparada
Mestre em Teoria e História Literária
Bár, Radek. "Autosalon." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226538.
Full textNavrátil, Ondřej. "Přístavba polyfunkčních prostor k výrobní hale - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240430.
Full textŠámalová, Daniela. "Dům krátké cesty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354940.
Full textVýborný, Václav. "Příprava realizace polyfunkčního domu v Pardubicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240493.
Full textLin, Yu-Sheng, and 林煜盛. "Block-based Frame Interpolation under MPEG Environment." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93723898343980335238.
Full textChia-Ming, Wang, and 王嘉銘. "Multi-frame Motion Estimation Using Adaptive Block Matching." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72090964200427397849.
Full text國立中央大學
資訊工程研究所
88
Motion estimation and detection is an important and interesting topic in computer vision. Many motion estimation approaches start from the computation of optical flow. However, it is well known that the optical flow vectors estimated with the conventional methods are usually quite noisy and inaccurate. To obtain more accurate optical flow estimation of an image, our basic idea is to use as much information as possible contained in a number of image frames. In this thesis, we use the correlation-based method. Two different approaches called the reference-frame approach and the incremental approach are used in estimating multi-frame optical flow. We adopt the constant velocity flow model in all of our work. Moreover, sub-pixel refinement is necessary for every estimations. Bilinear interpolation and three-step searching are used in sub-pixel refinement. Finally, we device the adaptive window selection scheme in template matching. The adaptive windows are selected with an efficient algorithm which is called the difference accumulation algorithm. The accuracy improvement is demonstrated in our experimental results.
Meng, Qing-Jun, and 孟慶俊. "Data Synchronization Techniques On Combined Block And Frame Alignment Strategies." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21671845306118123198.
Full textMukund, Sriram N. "Grassmannian Fusion Frames for Block Sparse Recovery and Its Application to Burst Error Correction." Thesis, 2013. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3469.
Full textChing-Wei, Shih. "Fast Block Size Decision For Inter Frame In H.264/AVC." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0016-1303200709270922.
Full textShih, Ching-Wei, and 施清偉. "Fast Block Size Decision For Inter Frame In H.264/AVC." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28688996638068461509.
Full text國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
94
H. 264 is the latest coding standard for video compression. It has a lot of industry applications for wired or wireless transmission. However, the H.264 requires complex computation for motion estimation because it tries to find the best subdivision for each 16 x 16 block. We will improve the computational time of the inter prediction for P frames in H.264 video. Our proposed method first categorise macroblocks into two types, “skipped” and “not skipped”. Then, our method tries to find the most appropriate sub-block for motion estimation. Because our method does not involve computation for 16 x 16 blocks, 16 x 8 or 8 x 16 blocks for motion estimation it can reduce the computation time.
(10693164), Chen Ma. "Modeling Alternatives for Implementing the Point-based Bundle Block Adjustment." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textChen, Yue-Lin, and 陳岳麟. "Space-Time Block Code with Interblock Memory for LTE-Advanced Frame Structure." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56xv4a.
Full text國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系所
105
In the specification of 4th generation wireless system(4G) project Long Term Evolution Advanced(LTE-Advanced), the up-transmit code frames in the base stations (BS) are required to meet the standard of two antennas and three time slots. In this thesis, we proposed a new coding scheme called Space-Time Block Code with Interblock Memory for LTE-Advanced Frame Structure. The proposed scheme is designed by the combination of interblock memory code and multilevel STBC. The simulation result shows that this new scheme can achieve full diversity, full rate transmission and good error performance. Besides, the coding design provides more flexibility and low decoding complexity.
Tsai, Tung-Yuan, and 蔡東源. "Layered Video Coding Based on Displaced Frame Difference Prediction and Multiresolution Block-Matching." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65291667394929388201.
Full text中原大學
電機工程研究所
89
In many scalable coding systems, motion compensation is performed on the original high-resolution video sequence. This implies that the motion compensation process can't be identically replicated at the low resolution decoder, causing an accumulation of error in the decoded lower layer video sequence. It is known as drift. To solve this problem, in this thesis, we present a novel video coding scheme based on displaced frame difference (DFD) prediction and multiresolution block-matching for layered transmission. Since existing scalable coding systems use one DFD for all layers, it results in error accumulated in the lower layers. Hence, we use a multiresolution block-matching scheme, which has its own DFD at each layer, to eliminate the problem. However, it still has the drawback that the DFDs among different layers are coded independently. Therefore, the objective of DFD prediction is to remove the correlation among these DFDs to further enhance the efficiency for DFD encoding. We use a multistage motion vector quantization (MSMVQ) algorithm to achieve multiresolution block-matching. In the MSMVQ, the block-matching process is decomposed into several stages. Each stage has its own resolution, which can be prespecified before the design. Based on the motion vectors selected from earlier stages, the block-matching operations at later stages are then executed in higher resolutions to further refine the results of motion estimation. DFD prediction scheme is implemented by taking the reconstructed DFD at the current layer as the predicted DFD of the next higher layer. Simulation results show that our video coding scheme outperforms multiresolution method without DFD prediction and it can significantly improve the drift problem. Therefore, our algorithm is effective for the applications where high rate-distortion performance and low computational complexity for video coding are required.
Yeo, Hangu. "A novel block-based motion estimation algorithm and architectures for inter-frame video coding." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39328827.html.
Full textHsiao, Yi-Hon, and 蕭奕弘. "Fast Multi-frame Block Matching Motion Estimation with Precise Prediction in Video Compression System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64415304313158897357.
Full text國立中央大學
電機工程研究所
92
Motion estimation plays an extremely important role in the video coding. The objective of the motion estimation is to remove the temporal redundancy between video frames so that the motion compensated frames can be coded efficiently. Multi-frame motion-compensated prediction extends the spatial displacement vector utilized in blocking-based hybrid video coding by a variable frame reference permitting the use of more frames than the previously decoded one for motion-compensated prediction. The multi-frame buffer stores frames at encoder and decoder that efficient for motion-compensated prediction. The use of multiple frames for motion compensation in most cases provides significantly improved coding gain. The multiple reference picture selection in H.264 allows the encoder store up to five previous frames for motion estimation. However, the complexity will increase five times dramatically. Numerous fast search algorithms in single-frame motion estimation are proposed in the past. As we know, a good initial point can speed up the velocity of fast search algorithm. Our proposed algorithm is focus on multi-frame condition, and provides more precisely prediction as initial point.
Li, Wei Bang, and 李威邦. "Block Motion Decision and Motion Vector Composition in H.264 Video Frame skipping Transcoding." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32807835188132505045.
Full text國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
97
In recent years, many multimedia applications such as real-time video streaming systems, videoconference, handheld media systems, and high-speed video browsing through networks are required. Users expect to receive high quality of video under limited network bandwidth and established hardware equipments. Oppositely, system providers pursue services of high video quality through low bit-rate transmission in order to reduce the cost and provide more services. In this thesis, we focus on a frame-skipping transcoding methods to reduce the bit-rate for H.264/AVC video coding. We have proposed block mode decision methods, motion vector composition methods for frame-skipping transcoding. Experimental results show that, compared with H.264/AVC and other algorithms, the proposed methods can save a lot of computational cost. The performance can be improved by maintaining visual quality at low bit-rate.
Li, Wei-Shiu, and 李韋序. "Error Concealment for Whole-frame Loss Through Effective Block Size Decision In H.264." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4k9gmx.
Full text國立東華大學
電機工程學系
96
In low bit-rate video coding, a single packet usually contains a whole frame. Any packet loss could cause serious error. In this thesis, an error concealment algorithm is proposed to deal with this issue for H.264/AVC video bitstream. For correctly decoded frames, some useful information is recorded and a probabilistic table is built. The block size decision of each macroblock (MB) in the lost frame is estimated by this table. Then, we use different strategies to get the motion vector according different estimated block size for recovering the lost MB. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms the other existing algorithms in terms of objective and subjective qualities.
Yeh, Chin-Kun, and 葉錦坤. "Fast Global Disparity Vector Estimation and Block Mode Decision for Anchor Frame in Multiview Video Coding." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gm8gb4.
Full text國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系研究所
96
In July 2006 the Joint Video Team (JVT) started working on the multiview video coding (MVC) extension for H.264 video. In Oct. 2007 multiview video has also been added as an option in ITU Internet protocol TV (IPTV) service. So it shows that multiview video system is getting more attention in the near future. The H.264 MVC extension achieves excellent coding efficiency by not only inheriting from H.264 video standard but also incorporating new tools for inter-view prediction. As a result, a huge amount of computational complexity is involved, and how to reduce the complexity of encoding process becomes an important issue. In previous work, most researchers proposed to expedite the motion estimation across the temporal axis by utilizing the inter-view relationship to save the computational load on MVC, but few of them considered to reduce the complexity spent in the inter-view coding. In this thesis, we speed up the MVC inter-view coding by proposing a fast global disparity vector (GDV) estimation based on the edge projection map, and also present a fast block mode decision for the MVC anchor frames based on the obtained GDV with motion skip (MS) mode enabled. Experimental results show that our proposed method can reduce the complexity while keeping R-D performances for MVC anchor frame encoding.
HSIEH, Chia-Chun, and 謝佳峻. "Fast CU and PU mode decision methods based on their neighboring block information for HEVC inter-frame coding." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65a953.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
104
With the advance of multimedia communication technologies and widespread smart phones related applications, video coding efficiency has been extensively improved recently. The newest video coding standard, H.265/HEVC, is designed to encode high resolution video, 4K Ultra HD and 8K Ultra HD, with high fidelity, which can provide twice the compression ratio under the same encoding quality. To meet this high efficiency encoding targets, it requires high time complexity and wide transmission bandwidth. In the HEVC coder, it adopts Coding Unit (CU), Prediction Unit (PU), and Transform Unit (TU) to perform motion estimation/compensation and entropy coding, in which a best encoding mode has to be carried out based on exhaustive RD-cost evaluation procedures. For inter-frame coding, this optimal coding mode decision process is very time consuming and demands 60%~70% of the total encoding time. To speed up the HEVC encoding process, we proposed to determine the encoding mode of the current coding unit with reference to neighboring ones, which can be carried out by: (1) Utilizing the coding information of neighboring CUs to early determine whether to early terminate the current CU encoding to or proceed directly to next depth CU coding; (2) Utilizing the coding information of neighboring PUs to minimize the range of PU mode decision to determine the best PU coding mode. The proposed HEVC encoding method is designed to integrate the above two schemes to speed up the process. Experiments show that the proposed method can reduce the encoding time to 72.53% smaller, with acceptable bitrate increment and PSNR reduction.
Martins, João Manuel Carrilho Gil. "Time-Interleaved Block Windowed Burst OFDM: Channel Estimation and Synchronization techniques." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92199.
Full textNo contexto da indústria de telecomunicações, as comunicações móveis desempenham um papel muito importante devido ao seu impacto na economia e na sociedade global. As expectativas aumentam com a introdução da quinta geração (5G) que permite o acesso dos utilizadores em qualquer lugar com elevada fiabilidade e qualidade de serviço.Dentro deste contexto, é usado o Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) que garante robustez contra canais seletivos no domínio da frequência, fornece elevadas taxas de transmissão de dados e fácil implementação baseada na transformada discreta de Fourier.No entanto, esta técnica apresenta uma eficiência espectral limitada, baixa eficiência energética e sensibilidade a erros de sincronismo.Como alternativa, foram desenvolvidas técnicas de modulação híbridas, como o Time Interleaved Block Windowed Burst-OFDM (TIBWB-OFDM).Esta dissertação desenvolve o modelo do transceptor TIBWB-OFDM através da introdução de técnicas adequadas a um cenário de comunicações reais sem fios. Consequentemente, os principais desafios e foco deste trabalho passaram pelo desenvolvimento de algoritmos de estimação de canal e sincronismo de tramas. Um passo importante para obter uma sincronização de tramas fiável é a escolha de preâmbulos com propriedades de correlação ótimas, como por exemplo, as sequências de Zadoff-Chu (ZC). Os resultados experimentais mostram que aplicando algoritmos de correlação e um dispositivo de limiar, é possível detectar perfeitamente o ínicio de cada trama TIBWB-OFDM. Em simultâneo, as sequências de ZC foram também aplicadas no contexto de estimação de canal através da aplicação de estimadores e algoritmos desenvolvidos baseados no OFDM.Desta forma, esta dissertação propõe um método conjunto de estimação de canal e sincronismo de tramas, aplicado ao TIBWB-OFDM, tomando partido das sequências ZC amplificadas.
In the segment of communications industry, wireless mobile communications are one of the most important innovations of our times due to its impact in the global economy and society. Expectations grow with the arrival and demands that the fifth generation of mobile telecommunications (5G) brings associated with an everywhere user access with better reliability and quality. In this context, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a widely used system that guarantees robustness against frequency selectivity channels, provide high data transmission rates and a easy implementation based on the discrete Fourier transform. However, this technique has high limited spectral efficiency, low power efficiency and sen- sitivity to synchronization errors. As an alternative, hybrid modulation techniques such as the time interleaved block windowed burst orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TIBWB-OFDM) were developed.This thesis develops the TIBWB-OFDM transceiver model and the modifications necessary to implement this technique in a real wireless link scenarios. Hence, channel estimation and frame synchronization algorithms were the key challenges and focus of this work. An important step to achieve reliable frame synchronization is the choice of preamble sequences with optimum correlation proprieties, such as the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences. Our experimental results show that by applying a correlation algorithm and a threshold device it is possible to detect perfectly each TIBWB-OFDM frame beginning. On the other hand, ZC sequences were also used to acquire the channel information by applying estimators and algorithms based on the OFDM technique.Therefore, this thesis proposes a joint channel and frame synchronization esti- mation using power amplified ZC sequences as preambles in the TIBWB-OFDM method.