Journal articles: 'Blindfolding'

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Diamond, Shari Seidman, Jonathan D. Casper, and Lynne Ostergren. "Blindfolding the Jury." Law and Contemporary Problems 52, no. 4 (1989): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1191913.

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Parker, R., R. Watson, E. Wells, SN Brown, CJ Nicol, and TG Knowles. "The effect of blindfolding horses on heart rate and behaviour during handling and loading onto transport vehicles." Animal Welfare 13, no. 4 (November 2004): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600028694.

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AbstractBlindfolding is routinely used to aid the handling and loading of horses that are difficult to control. Fifteen relatively well-behaved horses of varying ages and disciplines were used to investigate the effects of blinkering and blindfolding on behaviour and heart rate in three situations: whilst stabled, when being led in a ménage, and during loading onto a lorry. Heart rate increased in all three situations when a blindfold was used, and when animals were handled by the least experienced of three handlers. The effects of blinkering on heart rate and behaviour were small compared with blindfolding. Overall, blindfolding appeared to make the horses more nervous and difficult to handle. However, the study does not discount the practical application that blindfolding may have for improving welfare and safety when handling certain individual horses. This work forms the basis for further studies involving animals less accustomed or disposed to being handled.

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McIndoe, KS, R. Saunders, EJ Blackwell, and NJ Rooney. "The effect of blindfolding and swaddling on the stress response to handling in domestic rabbits." Animal Welfare 31, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.31.1.003.

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Stress during handling can negatively impact the welfare of an animal. Gradual habituation or systematic desensitisation can reduce this but is not always possible. Blindfolding has been shown to decrease stress indicators, including heart rate and struggling in cattle (Bos taurus), but has not been studied in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We surveyed 49 wildlife rescues, rehabilitators and veterinarians, and found that blindfolding and swaddling are widely used and believed to reduce stress and struggling in rabbits. However, these methods may simply preclude escape and result in sensitisation over repeated exposure. We next conducted a controlled trial investigating the effects of blindfolding and swaddling repeatedly over five days on behavioural and physiological indicators of stress in 40 domestic rabbits. Neither blindfolding nor swaddling had significant impacts on heart or respiratory rate, compared to a partial hood control treatment, which involved similar levels of manipulation, but without visual or movement restriction. Behavioural responses showed variable trends, eg rabbits were more likely to approach food after handling with swaddling. Baseline levels varied significantly between individuals, suggesting previous experience to be an important determinant. Heart rates were universally high, showing that individuals in this study were stressed by handling to such an extent, that overall, effects of both blindfolding and swaddling on physiological indicators of stress were minimal. We suggest that blindfolding and swaddling may be useful as means of limiting the procedure duration and risk of injury by reducing struggling, but this study provides no evidence that welfare is otherwise improved.

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Shahrawat, Aishwarya, and Kanika Tandon Bhal. "Ethical Blindfolding At Work." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 16171. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.16171abstract.

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Sireteanu, Ruxandra, Viola Oertel, Harald Mohr, David Linden, and Wolf Singer. "Graphical Illustration and Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Hallucinations during Prolonged Blindfolding: A Comparison to Visual Imagery." Perception 37, no. 12 (January 1, 2008): 1805–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6034.

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Visual hallucinations can occur in healthy subjects during prolonged visual deprivation. We investigated the visual percepts and the associated brain activity in a 37-year-old healthy female subject who developed visual hallucinations during three weeks of blindfolding, and then compared this activity with the cortical activity associated with mental imagery of the same patterns. We acquired fMRI data with a Siemens 3T Magnetom Allegra towards the end of the deprivation period to assess hallucination-related activity, and again after recovery from blindfolding to measure imagery-related activity. Detailed subjective descriptions and graphical illustrations were provided by the subject after blindfolding was completed. The subject reported the occurrence of simple and elementary hallucinations, consisting of flashes and coloured and moving patterns during the period of blindfolding. Neural activity related to hallucinations was found in extrastriate occipital, posterior parietal, and several prefrontal regions. In contrast, mental imagery of the same percepts led to activation in prefrontal, but not in posterior, parietal, and occipital regions. These results suggest that deprivation-induced hallucinations result from increased excitability of extrastriate visual areas, while mentally induced imagery involves active read-out under the volitional control of prefrontal structures. This agrees with the subject's report that visual hallucinations were more vivid than mental imagery.

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Naik, Prakash, and Rob Jones. "Response of visual hallucinations to blindfolding." International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 8, no. 4 (April 1993): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gps.930080412.

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Zatorre, Robert J., Vanessa Tabry, and Patrice Voss. "The effect of blindfolding on sound localization." Multisensory Research 26, no. 1-2 (2013): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-000s0173.

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Charlton, G. L., and E. C. L. Bleach. "Responses of positively handled calves to human interactions and disbudding." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200019463.

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Cattle have an innate fear of humans that may be reinforced during the potentially painful routine husbandry procedures performed by humans during the rearing of young calves. This fear may be reduced by positive handling of calves early in the rearing period (Krohn et al., 2001) and by use of calming devices such as blindfolds (Mitchell et al., 2004). Mitchell et al, (2004) found that blindfolding cattle during restraint and simulated husbandry procedures reduced struggling by 44% and decreased heart rate compared to control cattle with unrestricted vision. However, this study did not test the effectiveness of the blindfold during actual invasive procedures. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether blindfolding during disbudding and positive handling of dairy calves would influence the response of calves to human interactions.

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Hughes, Kate E., Patrick G. Hughes, Thomas Cahir, Jennifer Plitt, Vivienne Ng, Edward Bedrick, and Rami A. Ahmed. "Advanced closed-loop communication training: the blindfolded resuscitation." BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 6, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2019-000498.

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Closed-loop communication (CLC) improves task efficiency and decreases medical errors; however, limited literature on strategies to improve real-time use exist. The primary objective was whether blindfolding a resuscitation leader was effective to improve crisis resource management (CRM) skills, as measured by increased frequency of CLC. Secondary objectives included whether blindfolding affected overall CRM performance or perceived task load. Participants included emergency medicine (EM) or EM/paediatric dual resident physicians. Participants completed presurveys, were block randomised into intervention (blindfolded) or control groups, lead both adult and paediatric resuscitations and completed postsurveys before debriefing. Video recordings of the simulations were reviewed by simulation fellowship-trained EM physicians and rated using the Ottawa CRM Global Rating Scale (GRS). Frequency of CLC was assessed by one rater via video review. Summary statistics were performed. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. Data were analysed using R program for analysis of variance and regression analysis. There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in any Ottawa CRM GRS category. Postgraduate year (PGY) significantly impacts all Ottawa GRS categories. Frequency of CLC use significantly increased in the blindfolded group (31.7, 95% CI 29.34 to 34.1) vs the non-blindfolded group (24.6, 95% CI 21.5 to 27.7). Participant’s self-rated perceived NASA Task Load Index scores demonstrated no difference between intervention and control groups via a Wilcoxon rank sum test. Blindfolding the resuscitation leader significantly increases frequency of CLC. The blindfold code training exercise is an advanced technique that may increase the use of CLC.

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Merabet, Lotfi B., Denise Maguire, Aisling Warde, Karin Alterescu, Robert Stickgold, and Alvaro Pascual-Leone. "Visual Hallucinations During Prolonged Blindfolding in Sighted Subjects." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 24, no. 2 (June 2004): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041327-200406000-00003.

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Scicchitano, Emily, Phillip Stark, Paige Koetter, Nathan Michalak, and Adrian D. Zurca. "Blindfolding Improves Communication in Inexperienced Residents Undergoing ACLS Training." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-20-00620.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Closed-loop communication (CLC) is associated with decreased medical errors and improved time-to-task completion during resuscitations. Depriving team leaders of sight during training may accelerate the acquisition of favorable communication skills; however, its effect on the frequency of CLC is unclear, especially with trainees. Objective We assessed the effect of depriving interns of sight during advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) on verbal communication patterns and resuscitation confidence. Methods All interns undergoing ACLS training in June 2019 at a single center were eligible. Interns were randomized to blindfolded training (BT) or standard training (ST). BT team leaders were blindfolded during practice sessions and permitted to use sight during testing. Testing scenarios were video- and audio-recorded. Recordings were assessed for teams' performance and communication patterns. Participants were surveyed for confidence with resuscitation skills before and after ACLS training. Results All 87 eligible interns participated in the study (100% participation). Eighty-five of 87 (98%) interns were included for analysis; 46 were randomized to BT and 39 to ST. Interns in the BT group were significantly more likely to exhibit CLC (mean: BT 20.3, ST 16.6; P = .003), directed communication (mean: BT 4.3, ST 1.5; P < .001), and follower-initiated communication (mean: BT 12.8, ST 10.2; P = .028). There was no significant difference in clinical performance measures or self-reported confidence with resuscitation between BT and ST groups. Conclusions Blindfolding trainees results in greater instances of CLC, directed communication, and follower-initiated communication during ACLS training.

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Shore, David I., and Michelle L. Cadieux. "Reference frame conflict: Blindfolding and the crossed-hands deficit." Multisensory Research 26, no. 1-2 (2013): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-000s0007.

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Olsen, E., N. FouchÉ, H. Jordan, T. Pfau, and R. J. Piercy. "Kinematic discrimination of ataxia in horses is facilitated by blindfolding." Equine Veterinary Journal 50, no. 2 (September 13, 2017): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12737.

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Korf, Eva Magdalena, Matthias Mölle, Jan Born, and Hong-Viet V. Ngo. "Blindfolding during wakefulness causes decrease in sleep slow wave activity." Physiological Reports 5, no. 7 (April 2017): e13239. http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13239.

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Bernardi, Giulio, Monica Betta, Jacinthe Cataldi, Andrea Leo, José Haba-Rubio, Raphaël Heinzer, Chiara Cirelli, et al. "Visual imagery and visual perception induce similar changes in occipital slow waves of sleep." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 2140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00085.2019.

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Previous studies have shown that regional slow-wave activity (SWA) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is modulated by prior experience and learning. Although this effect has been convincingly demonstrated for the sensorimotor domain, attempts to extend these findings to the visual system have provided mixed results. In this study we asked whether depriving subjects of external visual stimuli during daytime would lead to regional changes in slow waves during sleep and whether the degree of “internal visual stimulation” (spontaneous imagery) would influence such changes. In two 8-h sessions spaced 1 wk apart, 12 healthy volunteers either were blindfolded while listening to audiobooks or watched movies (control condition), after which their sleep was recorded with high-density EEG. We found that during NREM sleep, the number of small, local slow waves in the occipital cortex decreased after listening with blindfolding relative to movie watching in a way that depended on the degree of visual imagery subjects reported during blindfolding: subjects with low visual imagery showed a significant reduction of occipital sleep slow waves, whereas those who reported a high degree of visual imagery did not. We also found a positive relationship between the reliance on visual imagery during blindfolding and audiobook listening and the degree of correlation in sleep SWA between visual areas and language-related areas. These preliminary results demonstrate that short-term alterations in visual experience may trigger slow-wave changes in cortical visual areas. Furthermore, they suggest that plasticity-related EEG changes during sleep may reflect externally induced (“bottom up”) visual experiences, as well as internally generated (“top down”) processes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previous work has shown that slow-wave activity, a marker of sleep depth, is linked to neural plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex. We show that after short-term visual deprivation, subjects who reported little visual imagery had a reduced incidence of occipital slow waves. This effect was absent in subjects who reported strong spontaneous visual imagery. These findings suggest that visual imagery may “substitute” for visual perception and induce similar changes in non-rapid eye movement slow waves.

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Ishikawa, Kazuo, and Kiyoshi Togawa. "Effect of Blindfolding One Eye on Vestibular Compensation in Guinea Pigs." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 105, sup447 (January 1988): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016488809102857.

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Diamond, Shari Seidman, and Jonathan D. Casper. "Blindfolding the Jury to Verdict Consequences: Damages, Experts, and the Civil Jury." Law & Society Review 26, no. 3 (1992): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3053737.

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Ishikawa, Kazuo. "An influence of blindfolding a unilateral eye on the production of saccades." Equilibrium Research 44, no. 3 (1985): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3757/jser.44.291.

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Copelin, Caleigh, Bryn Hayman, Renée Bergeron, and Katrina Merkies. "Compliance or confusion? The usefulness of blindfolding horses as a handling technique." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 271 (February 2024): 106180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2024.106180.

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Solimun, Solimun, and Adji Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes. "The Consistency of Blindfolding in the Path Analysis Model with Various Number of Resampling." Mathematics and Statistics 8, no. 3 (May 2020): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ms.2020.080301.

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Clayton, Hilary M., and Sandra Nauwelaerts. "Effect of blindfolding on centre of pressure variables in healthy horses during quiet standing." Veterinary Journal 199, no. 3 (March 2014): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.12.018.

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Mitchell, Kelly D., Joseph M. Stookey, Darrell K. Laturnas, Jon M. Watts, Derek B. Haley, and Tara Huyde. "The effects of blindfolding on behavior and heart rate in beef cattle during restraint." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 85, no. 3-4 (March 2004): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2003.07.004.

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Ambrose-Zaken, Grace. "A Discussion about BlindAid Virtual Orientation and Mobility and Blindfolding those with Low Vision." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 109, no. 2 (March 2015): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x1510900202.

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Ouellet, Marc, Antonio Román, and Julio Santiago. "A Multisensory Interaction Effect in the Conceptual Realm of Time." Experimental Psychology 59, no. 4 (May 1, 2012): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000148.

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Recent studies on the conceptualization of abstract concepts suggest that the concept of time is represented along a left-right horizontal axis, such that left-to-right readers represent past on the left and future on the right. Although it has been demonstrated with strong consistency that the localization (left or right) of visual stimuli could modulate temporal judgments, results obtained with auditory stimuli are more puzzling, with both failures and successes at finding the effect in the literature. The present study supports an account based on the relative relevance of visual versus auditory-spatial information in the creation of a frame of reference to map time: The auditory location of words interacted with their temporal meaning only when auditory information was made more relevant than visual spatial information by blindfolding participants.

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Cha, Hyun Gyu, Byung Joon Lee, and Wan Hee Lee. "The effects of horse riding simulation exercise with blindfolding on healthy subjects’ balance and gait." Journal of Physical Therapy Science 28, no. 11 (2016): 3165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.3165.

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Cadieux, Michelle L., and David I. Shore. "Response Demands and Blindfolding in the Crossed-Hands Deficit: An Exploration of Reference Frame Conflict." Multisensory Research 26, no. 5 (2013): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002423.

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Performance on tactile temporal order judgments (TOJs) is impaired when the hands are crossed over the midline. The cause of this effect appears to be tied to the use of an external reference frame, most likely based on visual information. We measured the effect of degrading the external reference frame on the crossed-hand deficit through restriction of visual information across three experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 examined three visual conditions (eyes open–lights on, eyes open–lights off, and eyes closed–lights off) while manipulating response demands; no effect of visual condition was seen. In Experiment 3, response demands were altered to be maximally connected to the internal reference frame and only two visual conditions were tested: eyes open–lights on, eyes closed–lights off. Blindfolded participants had a reduced crossed-hands deficit. Results are discussed in terms of the time needed to recode stimuli from an internal to an external reference frame and the role of conflict between these two reference frames in causing this effect.

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Tse, Cho, and Calvin Yu. "The Effects of Visual Cues, Blindfolding, Synesthetic Experience, and Musical Training on Pure-Tone Frequency Discrimination." Behavioral Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9010002.

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How perceptual limits can be reduced has long been examined by psychologists. This study investigated whether visual cues, blindfolding, visual-auditory synesthetic experience, and musical training could facilitate a smaller frequency difference limen (FDL) in a gliding frequency discrimination test. Ninety university students, with no visual or auditory impairment, were recruited for this one-between (blindfolded/visual cues) and one-within (control/experimental session) designed study. Their FDLs were tested by an alternative forced-choice task (gliding upwards/gliding downwards/no change) and two questionnaires (Vividness of Mental Imagery Questionnaire and Projector–Associator Test) were used to assess their tendency to synesthesia. The participants provided with visual cues and with musical training showed a significantly smaller FDL; on the other hand, being blindfolded or having a synesthetic experience before could not significantly reduce the FDL. However, no pattern was found between the perception of the gliding upwards and gliding downwards frequencies. Overall, the current study suggests that the inter-sensory perception can be enhanced through the training and facilitation of visual–auditory interaction under the multiple resource model. Future studies are recommended in order to verify the effects of music practice on auditory percepts, and the different mechanisms between perceiving gliding upwards and downwards frequencies.

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Sireteanu, R., V. Oertel, H. Mohr, C. Haenschel, D. Linden, K. Maurer, W. Singer, and M. Schwarz. "Graphical illustration and functional neuroimaging of visual hallucinations during prolonged blindfolding: A comparison to visual imagery." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (March 29, 2010): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.68.

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Cetinsöz, Burcin Cevdet, Onur Cakır, Karaca Mina Durdu, and Resat Arıca. "Examining the Effects of Importance Attached to Content Sharing and Knowledge Sharing Facilitators on Tourists’ Actual Travel Experience Sharing Behaviour." Tourism 72, no. 4 (July 26, 2024): 566–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37741/t.72.4.4.

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The study examines the effects of the importance of social media (SM) sharing and the knowledge-sharing facilitators on the tourists’ tendency to share their actual experiences on SM. Data were collected from 323 local (Turkish) tourists through face-to-face interviews. The convenience sampling method was used to collect data. PLS algorithm, blindfolding and bias-corrected bootstrapping methods were utilized to test the measurement and structural models. The findings revealed that the importance of participant and non-participant sharing did not directly affect the actual travel experience-sharing behaviour. Altruistic and personal fulfilment and self-actualization motivations as facilitators were found to have a full mediating effect in the relationship between the importance of content sharing and actual travel experience sharing. Thus, tourism sector managers should stimulate altruistic and self-actualization motivations as facilitators to encourage tourists to share their actual travel experiences on SM.

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USLU, Abdullah, and Ali İNANIR. "DESTİNASYON İMAJININ DESTİNASYON MEMNUNİYETİNE ETKİSİ VE DESTİNASYONUN ALGILANAN KALİTESİNİN ARACI ROLÜ: MANAVGAT ÖRNEĞİ." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 1753–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v8i2.1494.

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Bu çalışmada destinasyon imajının; destinasyonun algılanan kalitesi ve destinasyon memnuniyetine, destinasyonun algılanan kalitesinin de destinasyon memnuniyetine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Aynı zamanda destinasyon imajı ile destinasyon memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkide destinasyonun algılanan kalitesinin aracılık rolüne bakılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın evreni Manavgat’a gelen yabancı turistlerdir. Anket uygulaması 1 Nisan- 31 Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında kolayda örnekleme tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve toplamda 290 anket toplanmıştır. Araştırma modelinin analiz edilmesinde ise kısmi en küçük kareler (PLS-partial least squares) yol analizi kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22.00 ve SmartPLS 3.3.0 istatistik programından faydalanılarak test edilmiştir. Araştırma modeline ilişkin; doğrusallık, yol katsayıları, R2 ve etki büyüklüğünü (f2) hesaplamak için PLS algoritması; tahmin gücünü (Q2) hesaplamak için ise Blindfolding analizi çalıştırılmıştır. PLS yol katsayılarının anlamlılıklarını değerlendirmek için gerekli olan t-değerleri için 5000 alt örneklem alınarak Bootstrapping analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; destinasyon imajının destinasyonun algılanan kalitesi ve destinasyon memnuniyeti üzerinde anlamlı etkileri olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Öte yandan destinasyon imajı ile destinasyon memnuniyeti arasında destinasyonun algılanan kalitesinin kısmi aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

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Brodoehl, Stefan, Carsten Klingner, Denise Schaller, and Otto W. Witte. "Plasticity During Short-Term Visual Deprivation." Zeitschrift für Psychologie 224, no. 2 (April 2016): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000246.

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Abstract. During everyday experiences, people sometimes close their eyes to better understand spoken words, to listen to music, or when touching textures and objects. A plausible explanation for this observation is that a reversible loss of vision changes the perceptual function of the remaining non-deprived sensory modalities. Within this work, we discuss general aspects of the effects of visual deprivation on the perceptual performance of the non-deprived sensory modalities with a focus on the time dependency of these modifications. In light of ambiguous findings concerning the effects of short-term visual deprivation and because recent literature provides evidence that the act of blindfolding can change the function of the non-deprived senses within seconds, we performed additional psychophysiological and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis to provide new insight into this matter. Eye closure for several seconds led to a substantial impact on tactile perception probably caused by an unmasking of preformed neuronal pathways.

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Smith, Lance C., and Richard Q. Shin. "Queer Blindfolding: A Case Study on Difference “Blindness” Toward Persons Who Identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender." Journal of Homosexuality 61, no. 7 (May 2, 2014): 940–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2014.870846.

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Dong, C., and C. Dawes. "The effects of blindfolding and blindness on the unstimulated and chewing-gum-stimulated flow rates of whole saliva." Archives of Oral Biology 40, no. 8 (August 1995): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(95)00013-f.

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Goulder, Michael. "Two Significant Minor Agreements (Mat. 4:13 Par.; Mat. 26:67-68 Par.)." Novum Testamentum 45, no. 4 (2003): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853603322538758.

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AbstractThree of our oldest witnesses, Origen and P70 from the third century, and Eusebius from the fourth, read Nαζαρα at Mat. 2:23, and this should be accepted as the original, as at 4:13. Matthew is probably inferring the form from his (amended) citation of Jg. 13:5,7, Nαζωραîoζ εσται, on analogy with Ioυoυδαîoζ Ioυδα. So Nαζαρα is Matthaean, and Luke's use of the Matthaean form at Lk. 4:16 is an indication that he knows Matthew's Gospel. At 26:67-68 Matthew has divided the mockers into two groups. The first spit in Jesus' face, and punch it, and the evangelist therefore suppresses Mark's blindfolding, which would protect Jesus. The second group belabour Jesus with sticks from around and behind; as he cannot see them, the "Prophesy!" taunt is transferred to them, with its explanatory, "Who is it who smote you?" Luke has the same addition of five words in the same order, including a hapax. It is difficult to resist the conclusion here that Luke knew Matthew's Gospel.

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Lorentz, Lisa, Kaian Unwalla, and David I. Shore. "Imagine Your Crossed Hands as Uncrossed: Visual Imagery Impacts the Crossed-Hands Deficit." Multisensory Research 35, no. 2 (October 22, 2021): 173–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-bja10065.

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Abstract Successful interaction with our environment requires accurate tactile localization. Although we seem to localize tactile stimuli effortlessly, the processes underlying this ability are complex. This is evidenced by the crossed-hands deficit, in which tactile localization performance suffers when the hands are crossed. The deficit results from the conflict between an internal reference frame, based in somatotopic coordinates, and an external reference frame, based in external spatial coordinates. Previous evidence in favour of the integration model employed manipulations to the external reference frame (e.g., blindfolding participants), which reduced the deficit by reducing conflict between the two reference frames. The present study extends this finding by asking blindfolded participants to visually imagine their crossed arms as uncrossed. This imagery manipulation further decreased the magnitude of the crossed-hands deficit by bringing information in the two reference frames into alignment. This imagery manipulation differentially affected males and females, which was consistent with the previously observed sex difference in this effect: females tend to show a larger crossed-hands deficit than males and females were more impacted by the imagery manipulation. Results are discussed in terms of the integration model of the crossed-hands deficit.

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Elsner, Robert, Douglas Wartzok, Nancy B. Sonafrank, and Brendan P. Kelly. "Behavioral and physiological reactions of arctic seals during under-ice pilotage." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 2506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-354.

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One spotted seal (Phoca largha) and two ringed seals (Phoca hispida) were studied in experiments designed to determine which sensory modalities were employed in pilotage from one under-ice breathing hole to another. Breathing holes were drilled in the ice of a frozen freshwater pond and a lake near Fairbanks, Alaska. Holes were located 22–150 m apart. Tethered seals swimming without blindfolding located holes when they chanced to swim within visual detection distance. Blindfolded seals responded to acoustic signals. Tactile sensitivity of the vibrissae was used by blindfolded seals in the immediate vicinity of a hole to which they had been attracted by an acoustic cue. Responses of a juvenile ringed seal did not differ fundamentally from those of an adult of the same species nor from those of the spotted seal. The results indicate that seals relied upon a sensory hierarchy for locating breathing holes: vision, audition, and vibrissal sense. Heart rate was recorded during voluntary dives of the younger ringed seal at 2 and 3 years of age. Profound diving bradycardia was observed, suggesting that a highly developed diving response is routinely invoked by seals of relatively small body size during under-ice excursions.

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Vinstrup, Jonas, Joaquin Calatayud, Markus D. Jakobsen, Emil Sundstrup, and Lars L. Andersen. "Focusing on Increasing Velocity during Heavy Resistance Knee Flexion Exercise Boosts Hamstring Muscle Activity in Chronic Stroke Patients." Neurology Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6523724.

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Background. Muscle strength is markedly reduced in stroke patients, which has negative implications for functional capacity and work ability. Different types of feedback during strength training exercises may alter neuromuscular activity and functional gains.Objective. To compare levels of muscle activity during conditions of blindfolding and intended high contraction speed with a normal condition of high-intensity knee flexions.Methods. Eighteen patients performed unilateral machine knee flexions with a 10-repetition maximum load. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the quadrics and hamstring muscles and normalized to maximal EMG (nEMG) of the nonparetic limb.Results. For the paretic leg, the speed condition showed higher values of muscle activity compared with the normal and blindfolded conditions for both biceps femoris and semitendinosus. Likewise, the speed condition showed higher co-contraction values compared with the normal and blindfolded conditions for the vastus lateralis. No differences were observed between exercise conditions for the nonparetic leg.Conclusion. Chronic stroke patients are capable of performing heavy resistance training with intended high speed of contraction. Focusing on speed during the concentric phase elicited higher levels of muscle activity of the hamstrings compared to normal and blindfolded conditions, which may have implications for regaining fast muscle strength in stroke survivors.

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Kumari, Ranjita, Sukhan Lee, Jonghwan Shin, and Soojin Lee. "Effect of Perceptual Training with Sound-Guided and Kinesthetic Feedback on Human 3D Sound Localization Capabilities." Sensors 23, no. 11 (May 24, 2023): 5023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115023.

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In this paper, we experimentally investigate how the 3D sound localization capabilities of the blind can improve through perceptual training. To this end, we develop a novel perceptual training method with sound-guided feedback and kinesthetic assistance to evaluate its effectiveness compared to conventional training methods. In perceptual training, we exclude visual perception by blindfolding the subjects to apply the proposed method to the visually impaired. Subjects used a specially designed pointing stick to generate a sound at the tip, indicating localization error and tip position. The proposed perceptual training aims to evaluate the training effect on 3D sound localization, including variations in azimuth, elevation, and distance. The six days of training based on six subjects resulted in the following outcomes: (1) In general, accuracy in full 3D sound localization can be improved based on training. (2) Training based on relative error feedback is more effective than absolute error feedback. (3) Subjects tend to underestimate distance when the sound source is near, less than 1000 mm, or larger than 15° to the left, and overestimate the elevation when the sound source is near or in the center, and within ±15° in azimuth estimations.

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Cao, Shengjie, Pengjie Xu, Sikandar Ali Qalati, and Ke Wu. "Impact of Employee Environmental Concerns on Sustainable Practices: Investigating Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction." Sustainability 16, no. 13 (July 8, 2024): 5823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16135823.

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Environmental issues are gradually increasing due to increases in carbon emissions, overproduction, plastic use, the burning of fossil fuels, etc. Therefore, ecological sustainability is a primary concern for society and the upcoming generation. Considering this, the present research objective is to examine the factors influencing employee eco-friendly behavior (EEBH) and firm environmental performance (FEP). Cross-sectional data were accumulated from 403 employees working in casual dining restaurants in China and analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS–SEM) approaches (i.e., PLS algorithm, bootstrapping, blindfolding, and PLS prediction). The findings support the significant effect of environmental concern (ENVC) on employee organizational commitment (EOC), employee job satisfaction (EJoS), and EEBH. In addition, EOC and EJoS directly and indirectly influence EEBH. Furthermore, EOC also mediates the link between ENVC and EJoS. Finally, the findings also show that EEBH stimulates environmental performance. By showing the links between these elements, it has been emphasized that EEBH is a precondition of good organizational productivity and how it contributes to enhancing the EJoS and overall firm’s health. It challenges managers to create a work environment that is conducive to sustainability for improved customer relations and a strong reputation for the organization in society.

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Mohamed, R. A., U. A. Abou-Ismail, M. Shukry, A. Elmoslemany, and M. Abdel-Maged. "Effects of blindfolding and tail bending of Egyptian water buffaloes on their behavioural reactivity and physiological responses to pain induction." Veterinary and Animal Science 5 (June 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2018.06.001.

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Norfarah Nordin and Siti-Nabiha Abdul Khalid. "Predictors of Waqf Endowment: Mediating Effects of Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Controls." global journal al thaqafah SI (February 28, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi022022-1.

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Religious commitment and Waqf trustee communication are important predictors of a typical Waqf intention. Yet little is known about the underlying mediating variables that account for these relationships. Based on assumptions derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior, the focus of this paper is to explain how religious commitment and Waqf trustee communication are predictors associated with Waqf intention with the underlying mechanism of human social psychology; i.e., the individual attitude, behavioral control towards Waqf, and Waqf subjective norms. An online survey (N=200 Muslim adults) was used to test the proposed relationships using PLS Algorithm, Bootstrapping, and Blindfolding analysis in SmartPLS software. The findings showed that religious commitment and Waqf trustee communication are directly related to one’s Waqf intention, with Waqf trustee communication showing stronger effect than religious commitment. In addition, behavioral control and subjective norms of Waqf significantly mediate the effect of religious commitment and Waqf trustee communication on Waqf intention. The attitude towards Waqf only mediates the effect of religious commitment to Waqf intention, but not of Waqf trustee communication. Our knowledge of these relationships is important as it can help advance the integration of social psychological factors in explaining the effect of religious commitment and trustee communication on Waqf intention.

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Weru, Joshua Ngacha. "Perceived Destination Image and Post-Visit Behaviour: An International MICE Visitors’ Perspective." April 2021, Volume 10(2) (April 30, 2021): 459–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-111.

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Africa including Kenya has continued to suffer negative images due to stereotypes, prejudice, and negative reporting by international media. This has continued to negatively affect the continents' share of the global leisure tourism market despite the rich and unique natural touristic resources. The continents’ MICE tourism, however, has been on the growth path before COVID 19 pandemic. This study, therefore, investigated the influence of perceived destination image by international MICE visitors on their post-visit behaviour. The study was carried out in the Kenyan capital city, Nairobi. The study followed a convenience sampling method with a total sample of 335 respondents. A model on destination image and post-visit behaviour was developed and tested. A blindfolding procedure in PLS showed the model had predictive relevance. Findings indicated that the cognitive image dimension had a positive and significant influence on affective image, overall image, and post-visit behaviour. Affective image positively influences overall image but not post-visit behaviour. Overall destination image had the greatest effect on post-visit behaviour. Destination Marketers in Kenya should pay particular attention to the destination’s cognitive image. The study provides valuable information for policymakers and destination marketers in developing actionable positioning strategies to enhance the destination’s image and competitiveness.

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Prihatin, Joni, Uli Wildan Nuryanto, and Prof Muhammad Suparmoko. "PERAN GAYA KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI PADA INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR OTOMOTIF DI KOTA TANGERANG." National Conference on Applied Business, Education, & Technology (NCABET) 1, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 360–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/ncabet.v1i1.30.

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The Automotive sector industry has grown rapidly since 1970 had a positive impact on the country’s economy which are high GDP contribution and being able to become a job field for 350 thousand of direct workers and 1,2 million of indirect workers. Therefore, this sector needs to be supported do that continues advance and develop. One of this way by management of human resources to increasingly the work motivation of its workers where this variable influenced by many things, one of which is communication style. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach using survey methods and causality design with SEM PLS data analysis techniques. The sample used 160 respondents with the number of 6 hypothesis tested. The result obtained from two variables there are 3 indicators that are not since to the loading factor < 0,70 so those indicators excluded from the model. For the result of second model analysis, inner model analysis and blindfolding analysis of the 2nd model, there was found that all parameters were in accordance with the requirements. The hypothesis result shows that all hypothesis tested were accepted. Communication style has a signification effect on work motivation with the magnitude 51,1% while the remaining of 48,9% influenced by others variable outside the model being tested.

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Aji Wardoyo, Sihat. "THE INFLUENCE OF TRUST, PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRICE PERCEPTION ON PURCHASE DECISIONS MEDIATED BY PURCHASE INTENTION." Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian 2, no. 10 (October 26, 2023): 1010–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.58344/locus.v2i10.1770.

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Indonesia has abundant natural resources, especially natural gas. However, using natural gas to meet household needs has yet to be utilized optimally, one of which is in Tarakan City. This research aims to determine the influence of trust, product quality and price perception through purchase intentions on purchasing decisions directly and indirectly. This research uses primary data with the data source distributing questionnaires via Google Forms. The data analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, processed with SmartPLS version 3 software. The research results prove that the trust variable positively and significantly affects purchase intentions. The product quality variable has a positive and significant effect on purchase intentions. The price perception variable has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. The purchase intention variable has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. The trust variable does not affect purchasing decisions. The product quality variable does not affect purchasing decisions. The variable price perception through purchase intention does not affect purchasing decisions. From the results of the blindfolding analysis, results were obtained that showed good prediction accuracy with low criteria (0.02 – 015). The results of the model suitability analysis show that the suitability level for this research model is 63%.

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Mardiana, Novi, and Ahmad Faqih. "MODEL SEM-PLS TERBAIK UNTUK EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DISKRIT DENGAN LMS." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 13, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol13iss3pp157-170ar898.

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Research on the use of Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) related to Learning Management System LMS has developed very rapidly. However, in these studies, it was not explained how to choose the best model used to evaluate the relationship among latent variables in the model. This study aims to select the best SEM-PLS model related to evaluating the use of LMS in Discrete Mathematics learning based on the criteria of Q2, AIC, AICu, AICc, BIC, HQ, and HQc. Data obtained from a survey of 109 3rd semester students who took Discrete Mathematics courses at STMIK IKMI Cirebon using 5 latent variables. The Main Model is formed based on all research latent variables and evaluated by stages 1) PLS-Algorithm, 2) Bootstrapping and 3) Blindfolding. Based on the Main Model, 16 alternative models are created with the same manifest variables as the Main Model. The best model is determined based on the highest Q2 value, and the least AIC, AICu, AICc, BIC, HQ and HQc values. The results of the study show that the Main Model is better based on the Q2 value compared to other models in this study. Different results are obtained if the AIC, AICu, AICc, BIC, HQ and HQc criteria are used, where Model C2 and B2 are the best models based on these criteria

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., Suhan, and Anantha Padmanabha Achar. "Assessment of PLS-SEM Path Model for Coefficient of Determination and Predictive Relevance of Consumer Trust on Organic Cosmetics." Ushus - Journal of Business Management 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12725/ujbm.37.1.

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In this paper the researchers investigated the coefficient of determination R-Square and predictive relevance (Q2) through Blindfolding. To fulfil the aim of the study, a structured quantitative research survey has been conducted with 640 sample size. The results emerged from the research survey shows that the R-Square hasmoderate strength for the endogenous latent variable trust and substantial strength or effect for the endogenous latent variables integrity, ability and benevolence. After calculating Q2for the endogenous latent variable ability, benevolence, integrity and trust it was found that the model has predictive relevance for these constructs. The path coefficient threshold values for measuring between indicators namely, cause purview and emotional benefits, cause consequential and trust, cause rubric and trust, cause span and emotional benefits, emotional benefits and trust, functional benefits and trust, ability and trust, benevolence and trust and also for integrity and trust are above the threshold value of 1.96 substantiate the hypothesis and exerts direct relationship between two variables. But the path coefficient threshold values between indicators namely, Cause purview and trust, cause consequential and trust, cause rubric and emotional benefits, cause span and trust, and also self-expressive and trust are below the threshold value of 1.96 does not substantiate the hypothesis and also does not exerts direct relationship between two variables. At the end of the paper, the author highlights the results, along with implications and limitations.

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Sarfraz, Muddassar, Hira Hafeez, Muhammad Ibrahim Abdullah, Larisa Ivascu, and Ilknur Ozturk. "The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ psychological and mental health: The moderating role of felt obligation." Work 71, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-211073.

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BACKGROUND: The ravages of COVID-19 have created a worldwide emergency in healthcare units. Under these circumstances, the perception of an infection threat is primarily affecting the employees’ performance in reducing contagion effects. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to develop substantial measures of support for healthcare employees to maintain adequacy in job performance. METHODS: Data were collected from state-owned hospitals in Pakistan to test the current study’s proposed model. We applied structural equation modeling through a partial least square regression in addition to the blindfolding approach in Smart-PLS. Confirmatory factor analysis was also employed to measure the study’s validity. RESULTS: The current study’s findings show that the perception of a threat from COVID-19 and the inadequate protective measures have influenced frontline healthcare workers’ performance levels. The mediating path of depression symptoms indicated the threat of COVID-19 and the absence of protective measures as potential determinants of poor performance. However, an employee’s ability to feel obligated toward their job duties reduces the effect of depression on employee performance. CONCLUSION: The current model highlights an individual’s feelings of obligation to maintain their performance level by minimizing the effect of depression and professional anxiety. The present study extensively described the psychological constraints healthcare workers are facing during the current pandemic. Current research addressing healthcare employees’ mental health is vital for better prevention and control during pandemic circumstances. The current study’s findings extend the emerging understanding of employee psychology in such circumstances.

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Meizatri, Ranti, Rusdinal Rusdinal, and Rifma Rifma. "Confirmatory Factors Influencing Innovative Schools in Indonesian Rural Areas." Educational Administration: Theory and Practice 29, no. 4 (October 13, 2023): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52152/kuey.v29i4.629.

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This study aims to describe the results of research on how schools in the rural areas of West Pasaman sub-district, Indonesia lead innovation at individual, class, and institutional levels. The study particularly identify the leadership role of school principals and school readiness to make changes. This research was conducted quantitatively with an expost facto and correlational study approach. The population was principals and elementary school teachers selected based on geographical considerations, namcely the location or distance of the schools from the district administration center. 200 elementary school teachers were selected as participant of the research. Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) was used for the analysis of quantitative data using an algorithm, bootstrapping, and blindfolding techniques. The results of this study prove that change leadership and readiness for change have a positive and significant impact on school innovation in Indonesian rural areas. Change leadership can foster readiness for change for school residents, especially teachers so that school innovation ultimately occurs. The results of this study prove that change leadership and readiness for change have a positive and significant impact on school innovation in Indonesian rural areas. Linearly, it can also be interpreted that change leadership can build readiness for change among school members, especially teachers, so that in the end a school innovation is formed. The role of the principal in the context of change starts from initiation, then implementation to the institutionalization of change.

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Dalain, Ali Falah. "Nurturing Employee Engagement at Workplace and Organizational Innovation in Time of Crisis With Moderating Effect of Servant Leadership." SAGE Open 13, no. 2 (April 2023): 215824402311751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440231175150.

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The current study strives to examine the impact of HR practices, working condition, intergroup relations, goal congruence, passion for work and organizational learning culture toward employee engagement and organizational innovation. In addition to that the moderating effect of servant leadership is tested between employee engagement and organizational innovation. The research design of this study is grounded in quantitative research approach. Data were retrieved from employees working in Saudi manufacturing organizations. Overall, 241 respondents have participated in this voluntarily research survey. Research framework was tested with structural equation modeling technique. Results revealed that human resource practices, working condition, intergroup relations, passion for work, goal congruence and organizational learning culture have explained large variance [Formula: see text] 52.8% in measuring employee work engagement. Similarly, organizational innovation is measured with employee work engagement and servant leadership and explained substantial 55% variance in organizational innovation. Likewise, the results of the blindfolding analysis revealed substantial predictive power [Formula: see text] 41.4 to predict organizational innovation. Therefore, in determining employee work engagement at workplace goal congruence has shown substantial effect size [Formula: see text] when compared with other exogenous constructs. Practically, this research suggests that goal congruence, human resource practices, and servant leadership are core factors which enhance employee engagement at workplace and organizational innovation in time of crisis and therefore need managerial attention. This study is unique as it examines employee engagement behavior with an integrative research framework. In addition to that the role of servant leadership has been studied as moderator between the relationship of employee engagement and organizational innovation.

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Ummu Sakinah S, Ridzwan CR, Ramlee M, and Zaliza H. "CAREER CHALLENGES MODEL AMONG FEMALE ENGINEERS: PLS-SEM ANALYSIS." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, Special1 (August 1, 2020): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.special1/art.710.

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Women are likely to leave the job sector as a result of the crisis between their commitments to the career with the household interest. In response to this issue, this study aims to build a career challenge model that caters to the demand among women in this century. Hence, this study has identified the key factors to the challenges faced by female engineers in pursuing their career as an engineer through the Delphi Modified Technique. The result shows this study looking into the relationship between four independent constructs namely, life balance, childcare, leaves and gender discrimination. Meanwhile, the dependent construct of this study is career challenges faced by women. The scope of the study comprises female engineers with families and 211 respondents were selected to answer the questionnaire. The data obtained were analysed using the PLS-SEM 2.0 software via the algorithm, bootstrapping and blindfolding method. The construction process of this model involves two tests including the construction of the measurement model and the structure model. Testing the measurement model involves internal consistency namely (a) convergent validity and (b) discriminant validity in which these two validities have six analyses; (i) external loading, (ii) composite reliability, (iii) average variance extracted (AVE), (iv) Fornell-Larcker, (v) cross loading, and (vi) Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio (HTMT). Meanwhile, the structural model testing involves the analysis of (i) Multicollinearity (Inner VIF), (ii) Path Coefficient, (iii) R square (R2), (iv) size effect (f2), and (v) Predictive Relevance (Q2). The findings indicate that gender discrimination and life balance have significant relationships in influencing career challenges. Hence, this model is expected to contribute to the literature of Human Resource Management.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Blindfolding'

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