Journal articles: 'Blanket theory'

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Jolodosky, Alejandra, Manuele Aufiero, and Massimiliano Fratoni. "Exact perturbation theory for fusion blanket design." Annals of Nuclear Energy 131 (September 2019): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2019.03.039.

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Chen, Ye-Hong, Frank T. C. Tsai, Jack A. Cadigan, Navid H. Jafari, and Tzenge-Huey Shih. "Relief Well Evaluation: Three-Dimensional Modeling and Blanket Theory." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 147, no. 8 (August 2021): 04021054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002547.

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Xu, Rui, Yong Hui Hu, Tao Zhang, and Fan Zhang. "Research on Effect of Blanket Jamming on GNSS Signal." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 956–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.956.

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this article uses Power Spectrum Density Theory and The Monte Carlo Simulation Method to analyze the effect of blanket jamming on the bit error rate of satellite navigation signal, and emulate, analyze and compare suppress interference interference effect on PSK-R signal and BOC signal. All the analyses are based on the research on blanket jamming and PSK-R signal and BOC signal.

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Daigger, Glen T., John S. Siczka, Thomas F. Smith, David A. Frank, and J. A. McCorquodale. "Characterizing shallow secondary clarifier performance where conventional flux theory over-estimates allowable solids loading rate." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 2 (April 20, 2016): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.177.

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The performance characteristics of relatively shallow (3.3 and 3.7 m sidewater depth in 30.5 m diameter) activated sludge secondary clarifiers were extensively evaluated during a 2-year testing program at the City of Akron Water Reclamation Facility (WRF), Ohio, USA. Testing included hydraulic and solids loading stress tests, and measurement of sludge characteristics (zone settling velocity (ZSV), dispersed and flocculated total suspended solids), and the results were used to calibrate computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models of the various clarifiers tested. The results demonstrated that good performance could be sustained at surface overflow rates in excess of 3 m/h, as long as the clarifier influent mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration was controlled to below critical values. The limiting solids loading rate (SLR) was significantly lower than the value predicted by conventional solids flux analysis based on the measured ZSV/MLSS relationship. CFD analysis suggested that this resulted because mixed liquor entering the clarifier was being directed into the settled sludge blanket, diluting it and also creating a ‘thin’ concentration sludge blanket that overlays the thicker concentration sludge blanket typically expected. These results indicate the need to determine the allowable SLR for shallow clarifiers using approaches other than traditional solids flux analysis. A combination of actual testing and CFD analyses are demonstrated here to be effective in doing so.

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Shang, Yilun. "Sandwich Theorem of Cover Times." ISRN Probability and Statistics 2013 (August 1, 2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/839846.

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Escamilla-Rivera, Celia, and Júlio C. Fabris. "The Possibility of a Non-Lagrangian Theory of Gravity." Universe 7, no. 7 (July 6, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7070230.

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General Relativity resembles a very elegant crystal glass: If we touch its principles, that is, its Lagrangian, there is a risk of breaking everything. Or, if we will, it is like a short blanket: Curing some problems creates new problems. This paper is devoted to bring to light the reasons why we pursue the possibility of a non-Lagrangian theory of gravity under the hypothesis of an extension of the original general relativity with an ansatz inspired in the fundamental principles of classical and quantum physics.

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Pezza, Ing Lucio. "A new approach for studying the operation of a secondary sedimentation tank." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.025.

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A new theory regarding the behavior of activated sludge in a sedimentation tank has been developed, based on the principles of momentum preservation in suspended sludge, the ratio between drag and gravity, and the potential energy of the sludge blanket. Field tests enabled the determination of new criteria for the functioning of secondary sedimentation tanks complying with this new theory.

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Weis, M. "The Earth's Blanket: Traditional Teachings for Sustainable Living." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/13.1.284.

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Mayhew, Kent W. "New Thermodynamics: Global Warming and Man’s Activities." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 7 (July 24, 2019): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.7.1432.

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A previously published new kinetic theory not only improves the fit with accepted empirical findings, it also means that intermolecular collisions are inelastic. Combined with a previously published new understanding of lost work and the realization that the whole atmosphere acts as a thermal blanket completely changes our understanding, as to how man’s activities relate to global warming.

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Batool, Abeera, Daniel R. VandenBerge, and Thomas L. Brandon. "Practical Application of Blanket Theory and the Finite-Element Method to Levee Underseepage Analysis." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 141, no. 4 (April 2015): 04015001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001269.

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Chapman, Michael. "A ‘School' Person in a ‘Red' Blanket: The Case of SEK Mqhayi." Current Writing: Text and Reception in Southern Africa 33, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1013929x.2021.1901411.

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Mbo, Mbako, and Charles Adjasi. "Performance drivers in SOES: Botswana power corporation perspective." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 3 (2016): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rcgv6i3c2art5.

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This paper investigates performance drivers in a State Owned Enterprise from a perspective of contending organizational theories. It is based on BPC, an SOE that has gone through varied performance trends under different business models over the last 44 years. The study uses both qualitative and quantitative data from the last 15 years and finds that good performance has been supported by notions of the agency, stewardship and resource theories while a blanket pursuit of the stakeholder theory undermined sustainable performance, just as public choice theory implications. Two perspectives emerge: a broadened view of the agency theory reconciling traditional shareholder centric interests with those of the wider society and a residual societal benefits inherent in the public choice theory.

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Idrisi, Kamal, Marty Johnson, and Alessandro Toso. "Multi‐bay double panel system with heterogeneous blanket treatment: A comparison between theory and experiment." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (May 2008): 3063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2932807.

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Robison, Mark, and Rachael Muszkiewicz. "Whiteboards, Blanket Forts, and Autonomy: Using Self-Determination Theory to Improve Library De-Stress Programming." Public Services Quarterly 14, no. 4 (October 2, 2018): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228959.2018.1485531.

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Striker, Ardelle, and Steve Silver. "Beach Blanket Babylon Goes to the Stars and the Prom." Theatre Journal 37, no. 2 (May 1985): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3207067.

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Kathleen Godfrey. "“A Blanket Woven of All These Different Threads”: A Conversation with Wendy Rose." Studies in American Indian Literatures 21, no. 4 (2009): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ail.0.0104.

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Göhle, F., A. Finnson, and B. Hultman. "Dynamic simulation of sludge blanket movements in a full-scale rectangular sedimentation basin." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0009.

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Bromma sewage treatment plant in Stockholm is the second largest plant in Stockholm and will in the near future have requirements for nitrogen removal. This means that a higher sludge age must be used in the aeration basin. This may be accomplished by an increase of the sludge concentration up to values until the limiting solids flux is exceeded. Measurement of the sludge blanket level is a possibility for better control of the sedimentation basin. Different measurements were performed to evaluate the main factors influencing the level. Dynamic simulation studies were performed at Bromma sewage treatment plant in Stockholm of the sludge blanket level and the return sludge concentration in a full-scale sedimentation basin. The simulations were performed with the help of a Danish simulation package, EFOR (1992), in which both reactions in the aeration basin (mainly based on the IAWPRC model) and separation processes in the sedimentation basin (both clarification and thickening) can be studied. The thickening model is based on the solids flux theory and the Vesilind formula (1979). Different methods were compared for determination and use of characteristic parameters in the Vesilind formula.

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OH, JUNG HUN, ANIMESH NANDI, PREM GURNANI, LYNNE KNOWLES, JOHN SCHORGE, KEVIN P. ROSENBLATT, and JEAN X. GAO. "PROTEOMIC BIOMARKER IDENTIFICATION FOR DIAGNOSIS OF EARLY RELAPSE IN OVARIAN CANCER." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 04, no. 06 (December 2006): 1159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720006002399.

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Ovarian cancer recurs at the rate of 75% within a few months or several years later after therapy. Early recurrence, though responding better to treatment, is difficult to detect. Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry has showed the potential to accurately identify disease biomarkers to help early diagnosis. A major challenge in the interpretation of SELDI-TOF data is the high dimensionality of the feature space. To tackle this problem, we have developed a multi-step data processing method composed of t-test, binning and backward feature selection. A new algorithm, support vector machine-Markov blanket/recursive feature elimination (SVM-MB/RFE) is presented for the backward feature selection. This method is an integration of minimum weight feature elimination by SVM-RFE and information theory based redundant/irrelevant feature removal by Markov Blanket. Subsequently, SVM was used for classification. We conducted the biomarker selection algorithm on 113 serum samples to identify early relapse from ovarian cancer patients after primary therapy. To validate the performance of the proposed algorithm, experiments were carried out in comparison with several other feature selection and classification algorithms.

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Ma, Lianhua, Qingsheng Yang, and Chunhui Yang. "Effects of the Junction Functionality and Chain Entanglements in Chemomechanical Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Gels." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/345810.

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By considering the functionality of junctions and entanglements of polymer chains for polyelectrolyte gels, a new free energy density function is presented via combining Edwards-Vilgis slip-link model with Flory-Huggins theory. On this basis, the effects of the functionality of network junctions and entanglements of polymer chains are systematically analyzed for free swelling of a cubic polyelectrolyte gel and constrained swelling of a blanket layer of the gel. Analytical results show that the functionality of junctions and chains entanglements plays an important role in the coupled chemomechanical deformation of polyelectrolyte gels.

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Li, Gehang, Zhenzhong Shen, and Chao Yang. "A Simplified Calculation Method of Seepage Flux for Slope-Wall Rock-Fill Dams with a Horizontal Blanket." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 3848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113848.

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Seepage flux is very important in many hydraulic projects such as in the upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station because of its effect on economic benefits. However, upper reservoirs with a relatively high altitude are generally located above the groundwater level; thus, their leakage is difficult to estimate accurately. Here, using steady seepage theory and Darcy’s law, we propose a simplified calculation method to estimate the leakage of slope-wall rock-fill dams with a horizontal blanket. Using a one-dimensional governing equation for unsaturated seepage flows with the assumption of porous continuous media, formulas are derived for calculating the seepage flux of the dam in a steady state with different groundwater levels, which are mainly divided into two situations: those that are lower or higher than the bottom of the horizontal blanket. Then, two engineering examples are developed to assess the proposed method; the relative errors between the analytical results and numerical results are less than 10%. The results obtained from other analytical methods introduced by other researchers are also compared with our numerical results. The comparison results show that the proposed method is reliable and can be used for the estimation of reservoir leakage in situations where rapid results are needed, such as benefit assessments and safety evaluations.

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Biehl, Martin, Felix A. Pollock, and Ryota Kanai. "A Technical Critique of Some Parts of the Free Energy Principle." Entropy 23, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23030293.

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We summarize the original formulation of the free energy principle and highlight some technical issues. We discuss how these issues affect related results involving generalised coordinates and, where appropriate, mention consequences for and reveal, up to now unacknowledged, differences from newer formulations of the free energy principle. In particular, we reveal that various definitions of the “Markov blanket” proposed in different works are not equivalent. We show that crucial steps in the free energy argument, which involve rewriting the equations of motion of systems with Markov blankets, are not generally correct without additional (previously unstated) assumptions. We prove by counterexamples that the original free energy lemma, when taken at face value, is wrong. We show further that this free energy lemma, when it does hold, implies the equality of variational density and ergodic conditional density. The interpretation in terms of Bayesian inference hinges on this point, and we hence conclude that it is not sufficiently justified. Additionally, we highlight that the variational densities presented in newer formulations of the free energy principle and lemma are parametrised by different variables than in older works, leading to a substantially different interpretation of the theory. Note that we only highlight some specific problems in the discussed publications. These problems do not rule out conclusively that the general ideas behind the free energy principle are worth pursuing.

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Adams, Sean A. "Did Aristobulus Use the LXX for His Citations?" Journal for the Study of Judaism 45, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700631-12340061.

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Abstract This paper investigates the similarities and differences between Aristobulus’s fragments and the LXX to determine how close Aristobulus’s citations adhere to our LXX text. Having identified specific differences between the texts we will turn our attention to the question of whether or not the text as presented by Aristobulus provides evidence of the use of the LXX, of an alternate Greek version, or of a personal translation. Ultimately, after discussing Aristobulus’s citation technique and the nature of the cited text we will challenge some of the blanket claims of LXX use by scholars and call for greater nuance when discussing this issue.

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Gavrovska, Ana, Goran Zajić, Vesna Bogdanović, Irini Reljin, and Branimir Reljin. "Identification of S1 and S2 Heart Sound Patterns Based on Fractal Theory and Shape Context." Complexity 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1580414.

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There has been a sustained effort in the research community over the recent years to develop algorithms that automatically analyze heart sounds. One of the major challenges is identifying primary heart sounds, S1 and S2, as they represent reference events for the analysis. The study presented in this paper analyzes the possibility of improving the structure characterization based on shape context and structure assessment using a small number of descriptors. Particularly, for the primary sound characterization, an adaptive waveform filtering is applied based on blanket fractal dimension for each preprocessed sound candidate belonging to pediatric subjects. This is followed by applying the shape based methods selected for the structure assessment of primary heart sounds. Different methods, such as the fractal ones, are used for the comparison. The analysis of heart sound patterns is performed using support vector machine classifier showing promising results (above 95% accuracy). The obtained results suggest that it is possible to improve the identification process using the shape related methods which are rarely applied. This can be helpful for applications involving automatic heart sound analysis.

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Guo, Ya Dong, Cui Ting Fu, Guo Rong Liu, and Chun Shuang Liu. "Performance and Modeling of a Pilot-Scale Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Treating Pharmaceutical Wastewater Containing Berberine." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2625.

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A pilot-scale test was conducted with an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treating pharmaceutical wastewater containing berberine. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of UASB in the condition of a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading rate from 4.64 to 8.68 kg/m3d and a wide berberine concentration from 254 to 536 mg/L, in order to provide a reference for treating the similar pharmaceutical wastewater containing berberine. The results demonstrated that the UASB average percentage reduction in COD and berberine 68.14% and 57.39%, respectively. Granular sludge was formed during this process. In addition, a model, built on the back propagation neural network (BPNN) theory and linear regression techniques was developed for the simulation of the UASB system performance in the biodegradation of pharmaceutical wastewater containing berberine. The average errors of COD and berberine were -0.55% and 0.24%, respectively. The results indicated that this model built on the BPNN theory was well-fitted to the detected data, and was able to simulate and predict the removal of COD and berberine by UASB reactor.

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Niel, Clément, Christine Sinoquet, Christian Dina, and Ghislain Rocheleau. "SMMB: a stochastic Markov blanket framework strategy for epistasis detection in GWAS." Bioinformatics 34, no. 16 (March 14, 2018): 2773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty154.

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Scott, Fiona J., and Simon Baron-Cohen. "Logical, analogical, and psychological reasoning in autism: A test of the Cosmides theory." Development and Psychopathology 8, no. 1 (1996): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400007069.

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AbstractAn important regulatory process in the development of behavior is cognition. However, cognition as a blanket term is far too broad to be useful. Rather, specific types of cognition need to be examined separately. One proposal is that one type of human reasoning evolved in a social context, to solve social problems. Here, we report two experiments that use autism to test a prediction from that theory: that social intelligence should be independent of nonsocial intelligence. Autism was chosen because deficits in social reasoning (“theory of mind”) are well known. The question we tested was whether their theory of mind deficit was dissociable from abstract and relational reasoning ability. In particular, we expected that the abnormalities in the behavioral development of children with autism would be regulated by abnormalities in theory of mind reasoning rather than other forms of reasoning. Children with autism and matched controls were given tests of abstracting reasoning, which did not involve mental state understanding. Results showed that children with autism performed comparably to the control groups, both on a test of transitive inferential reasoning and on a test of analogical reasoning. These results lend support to the specificity of the theory of mind hypothesis for autism and to Cosmides' theory of the evolution of social intelligence. They also show that cognition as a regulatory process in development needs to be examined in highly specific ways.

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Schmidt, Pamela J., Kimberly Swanson Church, and Jennifer Riley. "Clinging to Excel as a Security Blanket: Investigating Accountants' Resistance to Emerging Data Analytics Technology." Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting 17, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jeta-52645.

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ABSTRACT While many business publications stress the importance of data analytics skills and technology, The Wall Street Journal reports strong reactions of accountants faced with a move away from Excel. Accountants are traditionally the reliable source for business information, but that position may be eroded by the emerging profession of data analysts. Looking to the future, Big Four accounting firms stress the need for data analysis skills, and universities are launching degree programs. But what is the reaction of current working professionals? Are they heeding the call for data analytics? Evidence indicates there is some resistance to adoption of data analytics practices. This research proposes the use of Status Quo Bias Theory to investigate the reactions of accounting professionals across the spectrum of accounting sub-disciplines. The study seeks to understand factors that may influence practicing accountants' resistance to adopting new data analysis technologies.

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Aiken, Gerald Taylor. "The politics of community: Togetherness, transition and post-politics." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 10 (August 13, 2017): 2383–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17724443.

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This article excavates the role, function and practices of community within Transition, a grassroots environmentalist movement. It does so to pursue a quest for understanding if, how, and in what ways, community-based environmental movements are ‘political’. When community-based low carbon initiatives are discussed academically, they can be critiqued; this critique is in turn often based on the perception that the crucial community aspect tends to be a settled, static and reified condition of (human) togetherness. However community—both in theory and practice—is not destined to be so. This article collects and evaluates data from two large research projects on the Transition movement. It takes this ethnographic evidence together with lessons from post-political theory, to outline the capacious, diverse and progressive forms of community that exists within the movement. Doing so, it argues against a blanket post-political diagnosis of community transitions, and opens up, yet again, the consequences of the perceptions and prejudices one has about community are more than mere theoretical posturing.

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Skiadas, I. V., and B. K. Ahring. "A new model for anaerobic processes of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors based on cellular automata." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 10 (May 1, 2002): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0297.

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The advantageous performance of the UASB reactors is due to the immobilisation of the active biomass, since bacteria coagulate forming aggregates usually called granules. Changes in organic loading rate, hydraulic loading rate or influent substrate composition usually result in changes in granule characteristics and lead to different reactor behaviour. A dynamic mathematical model has been developed for the anaerobic digestion of a glucose based synthetic wastewater in UASB reactors. Cellular automata (CA) theory has been applied to simulate the granule development process. The model takes into consideration that granule diameter and granule microbial composition are functions of the reactor operational parameters and is capable of predicting the UASB performance and the layer structure of the granules.

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Kincaid, Harold. "Concrete Ontology: Comments on Lauer, Little, and Lohse." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 51, no. 1 (June 3, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393120925797.

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I share with all the other authors the view that conceptual metaphysics without close ties to science is of minimal value, that this holds for much of current work on social ontology, and that if there is value in social ontology, it has to be in contributing to empirical social science. I do perhaps disagree with all three authors about making any blanket statements concerning either instrumentalism or realism about the social sciences and their ontologies. I argue and try to show instead that if there are fruitful questions of social ontology, they are probably mostly local empirical issues raised by specific pieces of social science. Certain kinds of pluralism and instrumentalism may well make sense in some situations. I illustrate with debates over the need for psychological realism and revealed preference theory in economics.

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Barnitt, Rosemary, and Christine Mayers. "Can Occupational Therapists Be Both Humanists and Christians? A Study of Two Conflicting Frames of Reference." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 56, no. 3 (March 1993): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269305600302.

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The word ‘humanist’ has been used in textbooks, articles and conference papers to help describe the unique philosophy of occupational therapy. This links in with increasing interest about models of practice and the underlying philosophy of the profession. Humanism is defined in two ways: as it has been used in philosophy, both past and present, and as it is used in current practice in occupational therapy. Reference is made to the conflict which can arise between the beliefs of Christianity and humanism. The authors advise caution in using the word ‘humanism’ as a blanket descriptor of occupational therapy when humanistic practice may conflict with behavioural, developmental or psychodynamic approaches. Humanism is seen as a theory talked and written about in occupational therapy but is seldom seen in practice.

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Friston, Karl J., Wanja Wiese, and J. Allan Hobson. "Sentience and the Origins of Consciousness: From Cartesian Duality to Markovian Monism." Entropy 22, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22050516.

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This essay addresses Cartesian duality and how its implicit dialectic might be repaired using physics and information theory. Our agenda is to describe a key distinction in the physical sciences that may provide a foundation for the distinction between mind and matter, and between sentient and intentional systems. From this perspective, it becomes tenable to talk about the physics of sentience and ‘forces’ that underwrite our beliefs (in the sense of probability distributions represented by our internal states), which may ground our mental states and consciousness. We will refer to this view as Markovian monism, which entails two claims: (1) fundamentally, there is only one type of thing and only one type of irreducible property (hence monism). (2) All systems possessing a Markov blanket have properties that are relevant for understanding the mind and consciousness: if such systems have mental properties, then they have them partly by virtue of possessing a Markov blanket (hence Markovian). Markovian monism rests upon the information geometry of random dynamic systems. In brief, the information geometry induced in any system—whose internal states can be distinguished from external states—must acquire a dual aspect. This dual aspect concerns the (intrinsic) information geometry of the probabilistic evolution of internal states and a separate (extrinsic) information geometry of probabilistic beliefs about external states that are parameterised by internal states. We call these intrinsic (i.e., mechanical, or state-based) and extrinsic (i.e., Markovian, or belief-based) information geometries, respectively. Although these mathematical notions may sound complicated, they are fairly straightforward to handle, and may offer a means through which to frame the origins of consciousness.

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Sabir, Rizwaan. "Blurred lines and false dichotomies: Integrating counterinsurgency into the UK’s domestic ‘war on terror’." Critical Social Policy 37, no. 2 (January 12, 2017): 202–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018316683471.

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The UK’s counter-terrorism strategy (CONTEST) seeks to pursue individuals involved in suspected terrorism (‘Pursue’) and seeks to minimise the risk of people becoming ‘future’ terrorists by employing policies and practices structured to pre-emptively incapacitate and socially exclude them (‘Prevent’). This article demonstrates that this two-pronged approach is based on a framework of counterinsurgency; a military doctrine used against non-state actors that encourages, amongst other things, the blanket surveillance of populations and the targeting of propaganda at them. The use of counterinsurgency theory and practice in the UK’s ‘war on terror’ blurs the distinction between Pursue and Prevent, coercion and consent, and, ultimately, civilian and combatant. This challenges the liberal claim that counter-terrorism policies, especially Prevent, are about social inclusivity or ‘safeguarding’ and that the UK government is accountable to the people.

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Ingram, H. A. P., A. M. Coupar, and O. M. Bragg. "Theory and practice of hydrostatic lysimeters for direct measurement of net seepage in a patterned mire in north Scotland." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2001): 693–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-5-693-2001.

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Abstract. A novel design of lysimeter for use in mires (peatlands) with shallow water tables is described. It employs an hydraulic mechanism for the automatic equilibration of soil moisture distribution between the outside and the inside of the lysimeter tank but uses no electronic components or electrical power; and it can be installed with minimal disturbance in surfaces with poor load-bearing capacity. The system was deployed on a mire in northern Scotland to investigate the distribution of shallow seepage associated with catenary arrays of different types of surface (microtopes). During the three-year period 15 November 1988 to 19 November 1991, the fraction of rainfall dispersed as seepage was 52% in a pool system; 62% in ridge-furrow microtopography; and 59-67% in unpatterned sloping mire. The data provide preliminary confirmation of the hypothesis of K. E. Ivanov that different microtopes within the same mire differ in their hydrological norms; and suggest that the range of ecohydrological differences at the study site may be similar to those obtained by Ivanov in western Siberia. Details of lysimeter design, construction, installation and operation are appended together with a discussion of the theory of the lysimeter. Keywords: acrotelm, blanket mire, ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, pool system, valleyside flowe, water balance

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Khan, Dr Zeenat. "Psychological Ramifications of Trauma in Women as Represented in Shahnaz Bashir’s The Half Mother." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 7 (July 28, 2021): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i7.11138.

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Trauma is a subjective and extensive term with its diverse implications on individuals and consequently on the societies. Also the heterogeneity of traumatic experiences, cannot be over-simplified by putting them under one blanket term or generalising all of them into one bracket. Since nineteen nineties, owing to several reasons, the term trauma has picked up an impetus, and various studies in this area of discourse are being carried out. Recently only however homogenising of all the traumatic experience into the countable postulates of Literary Trauma Theory is being challenged by the scholars and academicians across the world. In this paper, trauma of an individual (who is a single mother) and a society (of Kashmir) through the reading of Shahnaz Bashir’s The Half Mother is explored. This paper shall try to map the mindscape of the protagonist Haleema and parallelly observe the cultural ramifications of the same.

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Stern, Erin, and Rethabile Mashale. "“Gqoka ingubo yobudoda bakho” - “Put on your blanket of manhood”: Sexual debut, vulnerability and desire in the lifeworlds of South African young men." Agenda 25, no. 3 (September 2011): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2011.610979.

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Roberts, Robert C. "The Idea of a Christian Psychology." Journal of Psychology and Theology 40, no. 1 (March 2012): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164711204000107.

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In response to Paul Vitz's evaluation of three divisions of psychology as: a) neuroscience and cognitive science; b) tests and measurements; c) psychotherapy and personality theory, I offer four reflections: First, neuroscience and cognitive science and the kind of activity that has gone into the production of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual are shot through with contestable assumptions of a generally philosophical kind, at least as neuroscience and tests and measurements are often practiced. Second, I contend that what Vitz calls psychology is more subject to scientific information and evaluation than he suggests in some parts of his article. Third, I argue that psychology is inherently more plural and contestable than is suggested by his rather blanket approval of the program of positive psychology. Finally, I suggest that Vitz exaggerates the difference between positive psychology and the negative psychology it is reacting against. The goal of this article is to illustrate and defend these claims, and to sketch what a Christian psychology is.

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Meng, Aaron, Roland Segal, and Eric Boden. "American juvenile justice system: history in the making." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2013-0062.

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Abstract The original theory behind separating juvenile offenders from adult offenders was to provide care and direction for youngsters instead of isolation and punishment. This idea took hold in the 19th century and became mainstream by the early 20th century. In the 1950s and 1960s, public concern grew because of a perceived lack of effectiveness and lack of rights. The Supreme Court made a series of rulings solidifying juvenile rights including the right to receive notice of charges, the right to have an attorney and the right to have charges proven beyond a reasonable doubt. In the 1980s, the public view was that the juvenile court system was too lenient and that juvenile crimes were on the rise. In the 1990s, many states passed punitive laws, including mandatory sentencing and blanket transfers to adult courts for certain crimes. As a result, the pendulum is now swinging back toward the middle from rehabilitation toward punishment.

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Batet, L., J. Fradera, E. Mas de les Valls, and L. A. Sedano. "Numeric implementation of a nucleation, growth and transport model for helium bubbles in lead–lithium HCLL breeding blanket channels: Theory and code development." Fusion Engineering and Design 86, no. 4-5 (June 2011): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.03.074.

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Yousif, Jahida Nuradin, and Yasir Allawi Al-Jumaili. "The Conceptualization of Immigration in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.1.8.

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This paper attempts to analyse the metaphorical representation of immigration in Jhumpa Lahiri’s novel The Namesake (2003). It aims to explore the way in which the process of immigration is conceptualized in terms of experiences from other domains. Lahiri as the second generation of immigrants is brought up in the family that experienced the process of immigration. However, the notion of immigration among Lahiri’s critics is explored, but a few number of researches approached its metaphorical language, whereas the current paper investigates immigration in terms of the stylistic investigation of immigration metaphors in the light of cognitive approach. This study also examines the mapping process, which is used to conceptualize immigration in the novel. It applies insights from Conceptual Metaphor Theory by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson to the linguistic expression that underlie conceptual metaphors that are selected from the novel. In addition, it identifies all the source domains that are used in the selected expressions to represent the target domain of immigration, through the mapping process. The immigration process in Lahiri’s The Namesake is compared to ‘ sort of lifelong pregnancy’, ‘perpetual wait’, ‘ constant burden’, ‘free’, and ‘ packing a pillow and a blanket’. The selection of the conceptual metaphor theory provides a deeper understanding of the way the process of immigration is represented.

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Tay, J. H., S. Pan, S. T. L. Tay, V. Ivanov, and Y. Liu. "The effect of organic loading rate on the aerobic granulation: the development of shear force theory." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 11 (June 1, 2003): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0610.

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The effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on aerobic granulation was studied by adopting three column-shaped, sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactors (SASBR). The reactors had been fed with laboratory prepared, synthetic dextrose-nutrient broth substrate. Experimental results showed clearly that the formation, characteristics and stability of aerobic granules had a close relationship with the strength of OLR applied. Aerobic granules appeared firstly under the OLR of 4 kg COD×(m3·day)−1. The system stabilization was demonstrated by its little-changed amount and morphology of granules. The characteristics of the stabilized granules were: 5.4 mm in mean diameter, 1.29 in roundness, 118 mg O2·(mg VSS·hr)−1 in SPOUR. The respective biomass SVI was 50 mL·(g MLVSS)−1 and the averaged COD removal rate was 95%. Under the OLR of 8 kg COD·(m3·day)−1, granules appeared two days later than those for 4 kg COD·(m3·day)-1 and they always coexisted with flocs. The formed granule bed was not as compact as that under 4 kg COD·(m3·day)−1. There were no granules formed under the OLR of 1 kg COD·(m3·day)−1. Instead, flocs with rather loose structure dominated reactor mixed-liquor. The respective SVI's were 65 and 138 mL·(g MLVSS)−1 under OLR of 8 and 1 kg COD·(m3·day)−1. It was proposed that the growth and maintenance of aerobic granules follow the shear force balance theory. Under the OLR of 4 kg COD·(m3·day)−1, a balance was reached between the aeration shear force and organic loading rate. Under this favored condition aerobic granules formed quickly and, became stabilized with the experimental parameters remained unchanged.

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Nam, Duck-Hyun, and Ki-Hoon Kang. "Evaluation of WAS reduction efficiency using kinetic parameters in pilot-scale SBR operated with anaerobic sludge holding tank." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 12 (June 1, 2013): 2838–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.209.

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By evaluating microbial kinetic parameters of a pilot sludge blanket reactor (SBR) plant operated with an anaerobic sludge holding tank (SHT), it was found that the sludge production was reduced by 63.5%. According to the theory of uncoupling metabolism, the microorganisms were induced to the initial stage of the endogenous phase in SHT, which resulted in the reduction of yield coefficient. For the determination of optimal retention time in SHT without causing a significant decay of microorganisms, ammonia concentration was monitored with time at specific temperature and mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations. In a long-term (>1 yr) operation of the pilot plant, no deterioration of the effluent water quality was observed. Considering phosphorus removal, an extended sludge retention time of 60–70 days (due to the reduced yield coefficient) did not significantly affect the efficiency relative to typical biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes. According to the findings of this study, anaerobic SHT can be applied for BNR processes with reduced production of sludge, and this will help to minimize environmental and economic problems pertaining to the final disposal of sludge.

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Suhendra, Andryan, Ganny Saputra, and Eric Rinaldo Kodrat. "Aplikasi Geotube sebagai Konstruksi Alternatif Penanggulangan Erosi Akibat Gelombang Pasang Bono." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v3i1.2472.

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Bono tidal current leads to silting of the river estuary. The impact is a change in river line of Muda Island due to erosion and deposition. One alternative construction to overcome such this erosion problem of isGeotube, a construction system that combines geosynthetic material for blanket and sand slurry material for filler. Analysis is performed to ensure the system is feasible through the use of Geocops software to determine the type of suitable geosynthetic material and other parameters such as pump pressure. Another analytical calculation performed is the calculation of the stability of global construction through the use of Slope/W software and the approximate amount of consolidation decrease occurred using one-dimensional consolidation theory, published by Terzaghi. This article also presents the process of field implementation including various obstacles encountered and the solutions. From the results of the analysis and the field implementation, it can be concluded that the use of Geotube system on this project provides satisfactory results and can be relied upon as an alternative construction of erosion problems.

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CAMERON, Trudi, Roy MONTGOMERY, Kevin MOORE, and Emma STEWART. "SWIMMING WITH IDEAS: WHAT HAPPENS TO CREATIVITY IN THE WAKE OF A DISASTER AND THE WAVES OF PRO-SOCIAL RECOVERY BEHAVIOUR THAT FOLLOW?" Creativity Studies 11, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/23450479.2018.1428832.

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Creativity that is driven by a need for physical or economic survival, which disasters are likely to inspire, raises the question of whether such creativity fits with conventional theories and perspectives of creativity. In this paper we use the opportunity afforded by the 2010–2013 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquakes to follow and assess the creative practices and responses of a number of groups and individuals. We use in-depth interviews to tease out motivations and read these against a range of theoretical propositions about creativity. In particular, we focus on the construct of “elite panic” and the degree to which this appeared to be evident in the Christchurch earthquakes context. Bureaucratic attempts to control or limit creativity were present but they did not produce a completely blanket dampening effect. Certain individuals and groups seemed to be pre-equipped to navigate or ignore potential blocks to creativity. We argue, using Geir Kaufmann’s novelty-creativity matrix and aspects of Teresa Amabile’s and Michael G. Pratt’s revised componential theory of creativity that a special form of disaster creativity does exist.

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Starostin, Sergey A. "ADMINISTRATIVE COERCION: PROBLEMS OF THEORY, LEGISLATION AND PRACTICE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 39 (2021): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/39/8.

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The paper deals with the mechanism of administrative coercion. The peculiarity of the article content is a system analysis of the problems of theoretical, normative-legal and empirical (law-enforcement) aspects. The author defines the essence of administrative coercion, based on the modern system of legislative regulation and practice of its application, which has developed since March 2020. The article explores various aspects of administrative coercion. It is pointed out that the knowledge of administrative-legal coercion is impossible without its consideration in interre-lation with such categories as freedom, expediency, administrative responsibility.On the basis of the analysis of some coercive measures, applied in the conditions of pandemic, their legal assessment is given. Attention is drawn to the fact that in conditions of pandemic the measures of constraint which, according to their developers, fully conform to the require-ments of the Federal law "About protection of the population and territories against emergen-cies of natural and technogenic character" were and are often taken. It is not so! This Federal Law defines the general organizational and legal norms in the field of population and territory protection from emergencies, its effect covers the relations arising in the process of activity of state authorities of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, local authorities, as well as organizations and population in the field of population and territory protection from emergencies. In the context of the epidemic, the debate about the balance between voluntary submission and coercion in the form of fear of responsibility has intensified. Under conditions of uncer-tainty and unpredictability of the situation, the reality of risks, the legal regulation should be oriented towards protecting the population, excluding compromises and exceptions, blanket norms. But always possible in such conditions situations when the state in order to protect citizens, applies coercive measures not based on the law, when they are forced to be estab-lished by the executive authorities. The author of article used following methods: system analysis, dialectical, logical, com-parative-legal, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. As a result of the study conclusions were drawn that doctrine and practice convincingly prove that measures of administrative coercion should be formalized as much as possible. When the need arises to apply them, there is no time to discuss what measures, when, to what extent to apply. It is necessary to apply what is already there. When the situation returns to normal, the applied measures should be analysed and both the substantive norms and even more carefully the procedural norms should be improved. Provisions on executive authorities should include a mandatory section on "coercive measures applied by these authorities, grounds and procedure for their application".

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Deskis, S. E. "Canvassed, or Tossed in a Blanket: Tracing a Motif from the Second Shepherds' Play Through the Seventeenth Century." Notes and Queries 54, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjm112.

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Bell, Catherine. "Metis Constitutional Rights in Section 35(1)." Alberta Law Review 36, no. 1 (December 1, 1997): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr1023.

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In this article, the author explores the need for a theory of Aboriginal rights broad enough to include all of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. She examines recent developments in judicial recognition of the constitutional rights of the Metis people since their inclusion in s. 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982 and applies the fiduciary principle to dealings between the federal government and the Metis. The author also argues that the Metis' inclusion in s. 35(1) suggests that their rights are inherent, sui generis rights. However, the author is concerned about decisions such as R. v. Van der Peet, which may limit Aboriginal s. 35 rights to the protection of activities that were, and continue to be, central to Aboriginal culture. The author argues that using European contact as a blanket cut-off point for defining rights of all Aboriginal peoples could threaten the rights of the Metis, whose culture is a blend of European and Aboriginal elements. A more appropriate date is suggested for measuring the existence of historical Metis rights, namely the date of actual imposition or negotiation of colonial law or government.

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Buxton, Richard. "Imaginary Greek mountains." Journal of Hellenic Studies 112 (November 1992): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632149.

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It is hardly controversial to assert that recent work on Greek mythology is methodologically diverse. However, there is one body of writing which seems to have become a reference point against which scholars of many persuasions–not excluding orthodox positivist philologists and adherents of psychoanalysis–feel the need to define their own position. I mean structuralism. G.S. Kirk and, later, W. Burkert have conducted their dialogues with it; C. Segal and more unreconstructedly R. Caldwell have tried to accommodate Lévi-Strauss and Freud under the same blanket; a glance at bibliographical citations in studies of tragedy over the last twenty years will show how J.-P. Vernant and P. Vidal-Naquet have moved from the periphery to the centre (much as Finley did some time ago in ancient history). The polemical attitudes being struck by M. Detienne (from within the movement) and C. Calame are directly generated by over-confident structuralist attempts to map out the mental territory they claimed as their own.

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KNAPTON, OLIVIA. "Dynamic conceptualizations of threat in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)." Language and Cognition 8, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2015.18.

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abstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe mental health problem of a heterogeneous nature. To add to discussions around defining coherent subtypes of OCD, this paper uses qualitative, cognitive linguistic analysis to show how episodes of OCD can be differentiated based on their underlying conceptualizations of threat. Spoken narratives of OCD episodes told by people with OCD were analyzed using image schema theory and cognitive approaches to deixis in discourse. Through an exploration of the participants’ subjective experiences of time, space, and uncertainty in their recounted OCD episodes, the findings demonstrate that perceptions of threats fluctuate as OCD episodes unfold, and that it is the perceived movement (or not) of the threat that induces distress. Moreover, the dynamism of the threat is conceptualized differently for different subtypes of OCD. This variation can in part be explained by the role of two image schemas in structuring OCD episodes: the SOURCE–PATH–GOAL image schema and the CONTAINER image schema. It is argued that the blanket notion of threat as often investigated in clinical models of OCD is not sensitive enough to capture these shifting perspectives. It is thus recommended that threat perception in OCD is researched as a dynamic, evolving, and highly subjective experience.

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Buschur, Kristina L., Maria Chikina, and Panayiotis V. Benos. "Causal network perturbations for instance-specific analysis of single cell and disease samples." Bioinformatics 36, no. 8 (December 24, 2019): 2515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz949.

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Abstract Motivation Complex diseases involve perturbation in multiple pathways and a major challenge in clinical genomics is characterizing pathway perturbations in individual samples. This can lead to patient-specific identification of the underlying mechanism of disease thereby improving diagnosis and personalizing treatment. Existing methods rely on external databases to quantify pathway activity scores. This ignores the data dependencies and that pathways are incomplete or condition-specific. Results ssNPA is a new approach for subtyping samples based on deregulation of their gene networks. ssNPA learns a causal graph directly from control data. Sample-specific network neighborhood deregulation is quantified via the error incurred in predicting the expression of each gene from its Markov blanket. We evaluate the performance of ssNPA on liver development single-cell RNA-seq data, where the correct cell timing is recovered; and two TCGA datasets, where ssNPA patient clusters have significant survival differences. In all analyses ssNPA consistently outperforms alternative methods, highlighting the advantage of network-based approaches. Availability and implementation http://www.benoslab.pitt.edu/Software/ssnpa/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Blanket theory'

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