Relevant bibliographies by topics / Black leaders

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Black leaders'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 July 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Black leaders"

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Miller, Paul, and Christine Callender. "Black leaders matter." Journal for Multicultural Education 12, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-12-2016-0063.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate factors that contribute to black male school leaders’ career progression and sustenance within the teaching profession. This, because the progression of black and minority ethnic (BME) teachers in Britain has been the subject of much debate. Fewer BME teachers are in leadership roles in education, and there are only 230 BME headteachers of approximately 24,000 primary and secondary headteachers. Design/methodology/approach The headteachers’ professional lives are explored through the lenses of critical race theory and interpretivism. In doing so, it illuminates the journey towards and the realities of a group whose views are currently unrepresented in research on school leadership or that of the experiences of male BME teachers in England. Findings This study finds that whereas personal agency and determination are largely responsible for keeping these black headteachers in post, “White sanction” (Miller, 2016) has played a significant role in career entry and early career development. Furthermore, participants experience both limiting and facilitating structures as they negotiated their roles into headship and as headteachers. Limiting structures are those which constrain or hinder progression into leadership, whilst facilitating structures enabled participants to navigate and negotiate gendered racism, make progress in their careers and achieve success in their respective roles. Both limiting and facilitating structures include personal agency and contextual factors. Research limitations/implications The paper also makes the point that more research is needed on current BME school leaders to examine the factors that motivate and enable them. Additionally, more research is needed on the limiting and facilitating structures identified in this study and on the potential generational differences that may exist between more established and newly appointed male BME school leaders. Studying generationally different school leaders may help to illuminate the salience of race and racism across an increasingly diverse population. Practical implications Furthermore, this paper also suggests that more BME school leaders are needed, thereby making the leadership teams of schools more representative, as well as raising aspirations and interest among BME teachers and therefore making black leadership sustainable. Originality/value This paper is an original piece of research that adds fresh insights into not only how black school leaders get into teaching and leadership but also significantly what keeps them there.
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Watson, Terri N., and Gwendolyn S. Baxley. "Centering “Grace”: Challenging Anti-Blackness in Schooling Through Motherwork." Journal of School Leadership 31, no. 1-2 (January 2021): 142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052684621993085.

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Anti-Blackness is global and present in every facet of society, including education. In this article, we examine the challenges Black girls encounter in schools throughout the United States. Guided by select research centered on Black women in their roles as mothers, activists and school leaders, we assert that sociologist Patricia Hill Collins’ concept of Motherwork should be an essential component in reframing the praxis of school leadership and in helping school leaders to rethink policies, practices, and ideologies that are anti-Black and antithetical to Blackness and Black girlhood. While most research aimed to improve the schooling experiences of Black children focuses on teacher and school leader (mis)perceptions and systemic racial biases, few studies build on the care and efficacy personified by Black women school leaders. We argue that the educational advocacy of Black women on behalf of Black children is vital to culturally responsive school leadership that combats anti-Blackness and honors Black girlhood. We conclude with implications for school leaders and those concerned with the educational experiences of Black children, namely Black girls.
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Curtis, Sharon. "Black women’s intersectional complexities." Management in Education 31, no. 2 (April 2017): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892020617696635.

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Recent educational literature has produced a plethora of gendered experiences encountered by women working towards leadership positions in education. Gender plays a complex role that shapes the relationship between perceived ideals of womanhood and leadership. This paper focuses on the variations in leadership and management distributed in the early years and the competencies needed in areas of socio-economic deprivation. The paper has focused on the findings taken from a research study (2014) that involved the lived experience of eight black women leaders within the UK. The study by Curtis (published 2014, see text for details) highlights a number of demanding complexities that do include gendered assumptions relating to the role of leadership within educational establishments. These issues pertain to certain identifying factors, such as a leader’s accent or choice of dress and traditional hairstyles (e.g. braids, afro, dreads or weaves). Alongside women’s choice of food, including any personal dietary requirements linked to religious beliefs, are areas that identify black women leaders with identities separate from those dominant within society. Such ideals may include a prescriptive view of women as leaders. The road to leadership demands a crescendo of shared voices and visions that support the diversity in the expression of women’s values, shaped by their perception, intuitive lenses, worldviews and lived experiences. This paper is intended to present black women’s intersections as one in which black women share skilfully their biculturalism and their abilities to act as a bridge for others sharing their cultural competencies.
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Johnson, Rhoda E., Leon F. Litwack, and August Meier. "Black Leaders of the Nineteenth Century." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2071912.

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Ogunbawo, Dolapo. "Developing Black and Minority Ethnic Leaders." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 40, no. 2 (January 18, 2012): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143211427983.

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Pitre, Merline, Alwyn Barr, and Robert A. Calvert. "Black Leaders: Texans for Their Times." Journal of American History 74, no. 2 (September 1987): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1900088.

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Blight, David W., Leon Litwack, and August Meier. "Black Leaders of the Nineteenth Century." Journal of American History 76, no. 3 (December 1989): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2936477.

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Harrold, Stanley, Leon Litwack, and August Meier. "Black Leaders of the Nineteenth Century." Journal of Southern History 55, no. 4 (November 1989): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209063.

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Lac, Van T., and Gwendolyn S. Baxley. "Race and Racism: How Does an Aspiring Social Justice Principal Support Black Student Leaders for Racial Equity Among a Resistant White Staff." Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership 22, no. 1 (July 4, 2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555458918785655.

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The leaders of the Black Student Union (BSU) at Liberty High School share their school climate and culture survey with Ms. Nguyen, their Asian American principal. Black youth leaders reveal a hostile and unwelcoming climate in the form of anti-blackness for Black students at a school staffed with primarily white teachers. BSU students request to share their findings with the entire school staff. The question remains how Ms. Nguyen, a principal who has the aspirations of a social justice leader and the desire to incorporate the voices of marginalized groups at her school, navigates a challenging context where white teaching staff exhibit resistance to creating social change at Liberty High.
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Logan, Trevon D. "Do Black Politicians Matter? Evidence from Reconstruction." Journal of Economic History 80, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000755.

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This paper exploits the history of Reconstruction after the American Civil War to estimate the effect of politician race on public finance. While the effect of black politicians is positive and significant, black officials may be endogenous to electoral preferences for redistribution. I therefore use the number of free blacks in the antebellum era (1860) as an instrument for black political leaders during Reconstruction. Instrumental variables (IV) estimates show that an additional black official increased per capita county tax revenue by $0.20, more than an hour’s wage at the time. The effect was not persistent, however, disappearing entirely once black politicians were removed from office at Reconstruction’s end. Consistent with the stated policy objectives of black officials, I find positive effects of black politicians on land tenancy and black literacy. These results suggest that black political leaders had large effects on public finance and individual outcomes over and above electoral preferences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Black leaders"

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Collins, Brittany L. "Black Leader or Leader Who Happens to be Black? Racial Identity Politics Among African American Leaders." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243355653.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Gail T. Fairhurst. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Nov. 10, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: Discourse; Sensemaking; Identity Management; Racelessness,. Includes bibliographical references.
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Luke, Lifikile. "Global Mindset Dimensions of Black South African Business Leaders." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64867.

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This report documents research work conducted on global mindset dimensions that best describe black South African business leaders. This study sought to understand whether black South African leaders either fit the current accepted norm of global mindset dimensions or whether they can contribute to what is globally understood as the foundation and universal principles of the global mindset. The currently accepted global mindset dimensions are: social capital, intelligence capital and psychological capital (Javidan & Walker, 2012; Dill, 2016; Global Mindset Institute, 2012). The research approach employed was a qualitative method with exploratory interviews with ten black South African leaders in senior executive roles. The respondents were from various industries, such as financial services, mining, fast moving consumable goods (FMCG) companies and technologically innovative companies. The results from the interviews and the thematic analysis revealed that the mindsets of black South African leaders are informed by deep-seated traditional values and principles unique to the South African context that include traditional values such as ÒUbuntuÓ (Nzimakwe, 2014), black consciousness and others unique to the black South African society. These values encourage black South Africans to never assume that their small places of birth are the centre of the universe. When gauging the South African leaderÕs perspective, using the three defined conventional mindset dimensions mentioned above, the social and psychological capitals came out strongly during the analysis. Passion for diversity, sense of true identity (self-assurance), intercultural empathy and collaboration were the four key themes that best described the dimensions of the South African leadershipÕs mindset towards globalisation. This research makes a contribution to the academic understanding of the cultural values that South African leaders possess. The findings of this study will be useful when business leaders consider these sub-constructs of a global mindset from a South African perspective in developing business recruitment or talent development strategies that can guide the recruitment or development processes of human capital in South Africa
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
za2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Fails, Carol. "The achievement gap and the role of Black community church leaders." Thesis, Capella University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3632952.

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Osborne, Joan M. "The Career Development of Black Female Chief Nurse Executives." FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/208.

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This qualitative study was designed to explore the career development of Black female chief nurse executives. Although a small proportion of Black female nurses have achieved positions at the nurse executive level, there remains a paucity of Black female nurse executives in this crucial position which raised the question of what factors contributed to this lack of advancement, but, more important, what factors have contributed to the success of the few who have achieved such level of success in healthcare organizations. The purpose of the study was to explore the career paths of Black female chief nurse executives with a view of understanding the factors which both facilitate and hinder the career development of these leaders in healthcare organizations. The guiding research question was, How do Black female nurse executives in this sample describe their career development? The participants in this study were Black female chief nurse executives located throughout the United States who, for the most part, were raised in segregation with a strong family foundation. To collect data, semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 10 Black female chief nurse executives throughout the United States. The transcripts from the interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed. Using Super’s (1990, 1996), and Gottfredson’s (1981, 1996, 2002, 2005) career development theories and critical race theory (Crenshaw, 1995; Delgado, 2000) as the theoretical framework, the researcher found that the participants’ career development was influenced by (a) strong support system, (b) guidance, (c) influence of diversity, and (d) servant leadership. The findings help us understand the factors that have contributed to their successes as Black chief nurse executives. With the increasingly diverse population and concurrent increasing diversity in nursing and concerns about healthcare disparities, it is imperative that organizations attract, hire, develop, retain, and advance qualified Black nurses. Future studies addressing not only the career development of Black nurses but nurses in general might be informed by the present study’s findings. Recommendations are offered for nursing practice, education, and organizational policy.
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Weatherspoon-Robinson, Shanetta. "African American female leaders| Resilience and success." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3587187.

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Women make up half of the workforce in America. Despite this, in traditional organizations, leadership roles are overwhelmingly held by men. Of the small number of African American women employed in the workforce, 30% hold professional or management positions and women in general are more educated, qualified and transformational than their male counterparts. Despite this, African American female leaders experience organizational barriers, social labeling, and biases driven by their intersectionality that hinders their career opportunities. Black feminist research suggests that social norms place women in subordinate roles in comparison to men in society. African American women face such social barriers at a higher level given additional societal hardships driven by racism. Literature on African American female leadership outlines the barriers, but there is a limited amount of literature that seeks to appreciate Black female leadership as it relates to their style characteristics, expertise, and experience within their organizations regarding their leadership styles and the resilience required to maintain success in their positions. In order to add to the body of research in this area, this study explored the leadership characteristics, barriers, success strategies and resilience of African American female leaders through the lenses of these women. This study assessed leadership and resilience in African American females who hold higher level positions of leadership in traditionally White, male dominated industries. The purpose of the research was to identify those factors that increase achievement, advancement and success in high ranking positions despite the documented adversities associated with African American women, who hold leadership positions. The goal was to provide a guide for women who aspire towards entering particular fields and holding similar leadership positions and to provide an outline of their success in order to offer a blueprint for organizational strategies to promote diversity and advancement for women.

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Lander, Teara Flagg. "She just did: a narrative case study of black women student leaders at a predominantly white midwestern institution." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35485.

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Doctor of Education
Department of Educational Leadership
Kakali Bhattacharya
The purpose of this narrative case study was to explore the lived experiences of four Black undergraduate collegiate women leaders in higher education in their third and fourth years of study in a predominantly White Midwestern institution. This qualitative study was conducted with purposeful and criterion-based sampling. The participants selected needed to be at least a student leader in a registered student organization at one time during their collegiate career. Narrative inquiry was used to explore the participants’ racialized, gendered, and leadership identity development prior to college and throughout the course of their collegiate careers. The participants’ narratives were organized using Bildungsroman format, or as a coming of age story. Findings indicate that although the participants identified as Black women and Black women student leaders, their racialized identity was much more salient than their gendered identity. Therefore, outside of biological markers like menstruating and becoming mothers, they were not able to articulate the development of their intersectional identity. Findings also show the participants had a certain amount of self-confidence and critical self-awareness that allowed them to succeed even when faced with racialized and gendered discrimination as individuals and within their roles as student leaders. Such obstacles contributed to their ability to just do when faced with challenges regardless of the difficulty level of the challenge. The study raises implications about the multitude of support systems that Black women and girls have upon entering college. Another implication is the amount of invisible labor that Black women as collegiate leaders do in order to support their fellow peers. Finally, this study raises implications about the deficit narratives that depict Black women’s and girls’ stories within education. Thus, this study presented a counternarrative to the traditional, negative, and stereotypical narratives that are untrue and detrimental to the racialized, gendered, and leadership development of Black women and girls within and beyond the education system.
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Bailey-Morrissey, Claudette. "An exploration of the lived experiences of black women secondary school leaders." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/an-exploration-of-the-lived-experiences-of-black-women-secondary-school-leaders(bdee800d-5551-43b8-8eff-7199a6231083).html.

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This research study investigates the lived experiences of eight Black women senior secondary school leaders (hereafter referred to as Black women senior leaders) so as to elucidate their understanding, perceptions and experiences of senior leadership. Educational reform has taken place in England during the Thatcher, Major, New Labour and Coalition governments, leading to significant changes in secondary schools in England. These changes have resulted in new leadership roles, challenges and high levels of accountability. Moreover, the role of headteachers and senior leaders have been widely researched and discussed (Brundrett, 1999; Bush et al. 2006; Lumby and English, 2009; Leithwood, 2009, 2012), yet the experiences of Black women senior leaders is absent from the literature, which has focused on the experiences of Black minority and ethnic teachers and leaders (Powney et al. 2003; Bush et al. 2006; Coleman and Campbell-Stephens, 2010; Johnson and Campbell-Stephens, 2014) A social constructionist, interpretivist paradigm was adopted for this thesis and, using an intersectionality lens, the complexities of Black women senior leaders’ multiple identities and experiences were explored. Sixteen transcripts were generated from two semistructured interviews with the participants and my own, to explore how their race; gender; and, social class intersect to shape their leadership perceptions, beliefs and behaviours. Moreover, this research study is interested in gaining a better understanding of how Black women senior leaders develop their personal and professional identities; the value they place on formal and informal leadership preparation, development and learning approaches; and, how they maintain professional relationships with colleagues. The key findings are presented under the three research questions where Black women senior leaders’ narratives elucidate the lessons they have learnt throughout their senior leadership journeys, which provide insights into their experiences, offering practical advice to help other Black women and colleagues considering senior leadership.
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Ngunjiri, Faith Wambura. "TEMPERED RADICALS AND SERVANT LEADERS: PORTRAITS OF SPIRITED LEADERSHIP AMONGST AFRICAN WOMEN LEADERS." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1143220309.

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Grissette-Banks, Monique. "The emotional intelligence of successful African American women leaders." Thesis, Fielding Graduate University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3608082.

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African American women leaders (AAWLs) experience obstacles and barriers in their quest to ascend to the highest leadership levels in U.S.-based organizations. These obstacles include intersectional oppression in the form of gendered racism, outsider status, invisibility, tokenism, stereotypes, and subordination. In the face of these challenges, AAWLs have ascended to the highest levels of leadership in U.S. workplaces. Many studies on AAWLs explore the coping mechanisms and relational strategies employed to enter, execute, and succeed in workplace leadership roles. This study explored their emotional intelligence; the non-cognitive traits, skills, and abilities that enable AAWLs to create success in their lives. This study enables comprehension of the emotional mechanisms African American women (AAW) use to lead in the face of obstacles to their ascension to high-level leadership roles.

Forty-two AAWLs, who have held leadership positions for a minimum of 3 years at the director level or three levels from the top of an organization, participated in this mixed-methods study. The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) was administered to these leaders to assess their emotional-social functioning. Bar-On's (1997) model of emotional-social intelligence served as the basis for this 133-item, self-report inventory. To complement this quantitative assessment and to insert a Black feminist approach to the research, AAWLs participated in teleconference-styled focus groups in which they revealed their self-defined perceptions about their emotional intelligence and the ways those emotional-social traits, skills, and abilities create success in their leadership experience.

Emotional-social functioning of the African American women leaders (AAWLs) in the study was atypically advanced. Assessment results revealed assertiveness and independence as strengths. These leaders perceived themselves to be successful, but identified interpersonal relationship-building as an opportunity for growth. This exploration of the emotional intelligence of AAWLs expands our understanding of the non-cognitive abilities, skills, and traits employed by these leaders in their efforts to navigate complex organizational dynamics and to fulfill high- level leadership roles.

Keywords: African American women, emotional intelligence, leadership

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McClellan, Patrice Akilah. "WEARING THE MANTLE: SPIRITED BLACK MALE SERVANT LEADERS REFLECT ON THEIR LEADERSHIP JOURNEY." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1143220325.

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Books on the topic "Black leaders"

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Jaymes, Reed, Loh Wey-Yuih, MacNeil Dave, LaBello Joshua, and Ramos Wilson, eds. Black history leaders. Place of publication not identified]: Bluewater Comics, 2010.

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Leffler, Phyllis. Black Leaders on Leadership. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515.

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Vernell, Marjorie. Leaders of Black civil rights. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books, 2000.

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Dick, Russell. Black genius: Inspirational portraits of America's black leaders. New York: Skyhorse Pub., 2009.

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Litwack, Leon F., and August Meier. Black leaders of the nineteenth century. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.

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1933-, Paris Peter J., ed. Black religious leaders: Conflict in unity. 2nd ed. Louisville, Ky: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1991.

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Allen, Zita. Black women leaders of thecivil rights movement. Danbury, Conn: Franklin Watts, 1996.

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Allen, Zita. Black women leaders of the civil rights movement. Danbury, Conn: Franklin Watts, 1996.

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Anie, A. Quality leaders project for black library and information workers. [London]: Library and Information Commission, 2000.

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James, Joy. Transcending the talented tenth: Black leaders and American intellectuals. New York: Routledge, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Black leaders"

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Introduction Black Leadership: A Collective Biography." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 1–15. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_1.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Defining Self: Oral History, Storytelling, and Leadership." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 17–35. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_2.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Families: Extended and Fictive Kin, Racial Socialization, Diligence." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 37–64. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_3.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Education: Caring Communities." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 65–104. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_4.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Networks: Role Models, Mentors, Organizations." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 105–35. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_5.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Law and Social Change: Catalyst for Leadership." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 137–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_6.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "The Civil Rights Movement: Grassroots Leadership—Living “in struggle”." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 167–204. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_7.

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Leffler, Phyllis. "Leadership Lessons." In Black Leaders on Leadership, 205–22. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342515_8.

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Dujon, Genither. "African-Canadian Black Women Leaders." In Ruptures, 23–39. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-446-8_2.

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Hughes, Claretha. "Profile of American Black Women Leaders." In American Black Women and Interpersonal Leadership Styles, 1–18. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-878-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Black leaders"

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Shah, Haroon Ali. "157 Perspectives of senior black, asian and minority ethnic (BAME) doctors in England reaching leadership positions: a qualitative study." In Leaders in Healthcare Conference, 17–20 November 2020. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2020-fmlm.157.

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"PRESENTATION OF THE CULTS OF SOVIET LEADERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION IN 1928-1934." In SOCIOINT 2021- 8th International Conference on Education and Education of Social Sciences. International Organization Center of Academic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46529/socioint.202124.

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Parry, N. "J Block Drilling Operations: Continuous Improvement leads to Record Performance." In Offshore Europe. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/30361-ms.

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Zhang, Zhehao, Yi Zhang, Feng Luo, Jie Li, Cheng Lu, Yuze Zhao, Hang Zhang, and Ange Lu. "Convolutional Neural Network Using Bayesian Optimization for Laser Welding Tailor Rolled Blanks Penetration Detection." In ASME 2019 14th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2019-2836.

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Abstract Convolutional neural network (CNN) is an efficient and robust method which can accurately detect the Tailor Rolled Blank laser welding pool penetration status. To select proper hyperparameters and optimization of CNN model are black box problem. In this paper, an innovative method based on CNN to identify the penetration status of the weld pool during laser welding was introduced. A coaxial monitoring platform is set up, as well as two-class, three-class and four-class datasets are created for training and validating the CNN. The Bayesian Optimization (BO) method is used to optimize hyper-parameters which are adopted for training CNN model, determine the best parameters of depth, initial learning rate, momentum and L2 regularization. The results show that using BO method leads to accuracy improvement compared with the CNN model trained from scratch with default hyper-parameters, hence it can effectively solve the problem that the hyper-parameters of CNN are difficult to adjust. Under various laser welding parameters, high-accuracy detection of penetration status can be acquired with the test accuracy of four-class reaching 95.2%, which slightly lower than the test accuracy of the three-class and two-class.
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Geffroy, Stefan, Stephan Wegner, Stefan Gels, Hubertus Murrenhoff, and Katharina Schmitz. "New Design Concepts for the Tribological Contact of Cylinder Block and Valve Plate." In BATH/ASME 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2020-2725.

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Abstract Axial piston machines are the most widely used type of hydraulic displacement machines and are characterized by their high reliability and efficiency. However, in order to ensure the high efficiency, the tribological contacts have to be precisely optimized. One of the three essential contacts in axial piston machines is the contact of valve plate and cylinder block, which is the subject of this paper. In a previous research project, a simulation model was built up specifically for the tribological contact of valve plate and cylinder block. A test rig was developed and installed for the validation of the simulation results. Both, the experimental and the simulation results show that the cylinder block tilts to the high-pressure side. It holds this preferred position nearly constantly for the different load situations over one revolution with four or five pistons pressurized with high pressure at the same time. The tilting increases the danger of solid body contact in the area of minimum gap height. In addition, it leads to temperature hot spots. Both effects necessitate the use of coatings as alternatives to the commonly used leaded alloys. This paper presents new design concepts for the optimization of the tribological contact of valve plate and cylinder block. Additional pressure pockets in the valve plate’s high-pressure kidney generate a torque and thus reduce the tilt angle of the cylinder block. By implementing additional pressure pockets at the cylinder block an imbalance results, which prevents a constant preferred position. Both concepts have the aim to reduce the heat concentration and improving the overall behavior of the tribological contact. The development and comparison of these concepts are based on a numerical analysis.
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Zhang, Yiqing, and Lifeng Wang. "Vibration of Rectangular Single-Layered Black Phosphorus." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71056.

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Two-dimensional layered crystal material black phosphorus (BP) has attracted extensive attention due to its excellent property and practical applications. Single-layered BP has a characteristic puckered structure which leads to two anisotropic in-plane directions. The vibration properties of this puckered structure material would be very interesting. Thermal vibration of a rectangular single-layered BP is studied by using continuum orthotropic plate models together with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Five elastic constants including two bending moduli, two Poisson’s ratios, and one shear modulus of BP are calculated by using MD method. The natural frequencies of BP are obtained by orthotropic plate models and MD simulation via fast Fourier transformation (FFT). The result of MD simulation shows that continuum orthotropic plate models can predict the natural frequencies well.
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"Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil with Groundnut Shell Ash." In Recent Advancements in Geotechnical Engineering. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901618-6.

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Abstract. The analysis of GSA for the stabilization of soil samples is the subject of this research paper. In recent years, soil stabilization techniques have been effective in improving the shear strength parameters of poor soils. GSA is a naturally occurring substance that causes human health and environmental issues. Physical properties of soil were calculated, including Atterberg's limits, compaction characteristics, and strength characteristics of virgin soil samples. GSA was applied to the soil in various percentages (2 to 10 percent). The soil sample's intensity increased up to 6% before decreasing. It is clear that 6% of GSA to the soil is an optimum percentage and it leads to an increase in shear strength and bearing capacity in expansive soil.
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Ivanova, Desislava. "CHALLENGES FOR THE WHEAT MARKET IN THE BLACK SEA REGION UNDER CОVID-19." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.144.

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Under COVID-19, the world is facing unclear circumstances as a result of the global political, economic, social and financial recession caused by the pandemic. The overpopulation of certain regions as a result of globalization leads to problems related to the nutrition of the population and food security. The Black Sea region, with its strategic location, is an essential market both for the production and for the supply of raw materials to the regions affected by poverty and also for the international grain trade and in particular for the wheat. The report presents the main trends in the wheat market within the Black Sea region and argues the problems and challenges, which the grain trade is facing after the beginning of the COVID- 19 pandemic.
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Pirmoradi, Zhila, Kambiz Haji Hajikolaei, and G. Gary Wang. "Designing Scalable Product Families for Black-Box Functions." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35334.

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Product family design optimization is a cost-efficient concept for achieving the best tradeoff between commonalization and diversification of products. When design functions are computationally intensive and thus viewed as black-boxes, the product family design becomes more challenging. In this study a two-stage platform configuration and product family design optimization method with generalized commonality is proposed for scale-based families involving black-box functions. The platform configuration is unknown and multiple sub-platforms are allowed. In this study, the main parameters used towards the family design include a non-conventional sensitivity analysis, the detachability property of each variable, and the variation of individual optimal values for each design variable. Metamodeling techniques are employed to provide both the non-conventional sensitivity and correlation intensities information, which leads to significant savings in the number of function calls. Efficiency of this method is tested through designing a scalable family of universal electric motors. Compared to a number of previously developed methods, the proposed method yields a design solution with acceptable performance loss after commonalization, and better value for the aggregated preference objective function while satisfying all the performance constraints.
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Есина, Л., L. Esina, А. Хворощ, A. Hvorosch, Н. Есин, N. Esin, В. Крыленко, et al. "THE ROLE OF THE SUBMARINE LANDSLIDE PROCESSES IN EVOLUTION OF THE BLACK SEA CONTINENTAL SLOPE AND SHELF. THE INFLUENCE OF LANDSLIDES ON MODERN COASTAL PROCESSES." In Sea Coasts – Evolution ecology, economy. Academus Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b5ce3a0b6c337.05323429.

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Detailed studies of landslide formation on the continental slope of Near Caucasus part of Black Sea, we have made in the area between the Pshada– Olginka settlements allowed to explore the distribution of landslide formations on the continental slope and to establish their influence on the retreat of the shelf edge. The intensive destruction of shelf edge leads to a reduction in its width, the intense movement of sediments from the shelf and transporting them to the continental slope and deep-sea part in large quantities. The evolution and distribution of landslides are influenced by the geological structure of the navigation area, the width of the shelf, the rate of shoreline destruction and sediment transport from the shelf to the continental slope, underwater topography and slope declination, tectonic and seismic factors. Landslide processes on the coast and continental slope affect the modern coast changes, the bottom topography, the formation of Black Sea deep basins and the expansion of Black Sea. Coastal landslides pose a threat to coastal communities and national economic objects located in areas of high abrasion scarps of terraces, as well as for engineering structures on the continental shelf, continental slope and the seabed.
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Reports on the topic "Black leaders"

1

Community involvement in reproductive health: Findings from research in Karnataka, India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1007.

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In 1996, the government of India decided to provide a package of reproductive and child health services through the existing family welfare program, adopting a community needs assessment approach (CNAA). To implement this approach, the government abolished its practice of setting contraceptive targets centrally and introduced a decentralized planning strategy whereby health workers assessed the reproductive health needs of women in their respective areas and prepared local plans to meet those needs. They also involved community leaders to promote community participation in the reproductive and child health program. Since 1998, several evaluation studies have assessed the impact of CNAA on the program’s performance and community participation. These studies showed that the performance of the maternal health-care program improved, whereas the functioning of the family planning program initially declined but later recovered. The approach achieved little in boosting community involvement. This project tested a new model of health committee to help stimulate community participation in reproductive and child health activities at the village level. The experiment, described in this report, was conducted in the Hunsur block of the Mysore District in Karnataka for two years. Researchers evaluated the impact in terms of community involvement and utilization of reproductive and child health services.
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