Relevant bibliographies by topics / Black flies

Academic literature on the topic 'Black flies'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Black flies"

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Molloy, Dorothy. "Black Flies." Books Ireland, no. 238 (2001): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20632306.

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Rothfels, Klaus. "Speciation in black flies." Genome 32, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 500–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-475.

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In many Simuliidae, patterns of spatial and temporal relationships among the most closely related species are more readily interpreted in terms of sympatric speciation than of allopatric speciation. Specific examples are (i) the allotriploid taxa in Gymnopais and other genera, (ii) the black fly faunas of geologically recent islands (Tahiti), and (iii) species in Prosimulium onychodactylum, a prototype of a continental multisibling species complex. A model of sympatric speciation is presented based on coadaptation of polymorphic sex chromosomes in pairs reinforced by progressive development of assortative mating. This model predicts that (i) populations should frequently exhibit sex-chromosome polymorphism, (ii) these sex-chromosome polymorphisms, and autosomal ones, should in some cases display linkage or association disequilibria, (iii) species pairs or complexes should be incurred that differ only in sex chromosomes and that share extensive ancestral autosomal polymorphisms, and (iv) such species should differ in their biology and perhaps their present-day distribution. Recent publications and observations are in accordance, in general, with predictions from the model. Genetic control, e.g., of diapause, larval developmental timing, and niche preference or ethology, could substitute as a basis of incipient cleavage. The evidence for sympatric speciation is purely inferential, but this is equally true for the allopatric interpretation, and in black flies the circumstantial evidence for prevalence of sympatric speciation appears more compelling. This is not to deny the efficacy of allopatry and founder effect in the origin of some species complexes.Key words: sympatric speciation, black fly, evolution.
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Leonhardt, K. G., and R. M. Feraday. "Sex chromosome evolution and population differentiation in the Eusimulium aureum group of black flies." Genome 32, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-481.

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The pattern of sex-chromosome variation within and between species of the Eusimulium aureum species group of black flies is examined and used to support the argument that speciation in black flies is often an adaptive process. A pair of homosequential species in this group is presented as an exceptional case in black flies that does not argue against the chromosomally mediated speciation model.Key words: black flies, sex chromosomes, evolution.
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Burgin, Steven G., and Fiona F. Hunter. "Sugar-meal sources used by female black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae): a four-habitat study." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 1066–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-128.

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Adult black flies were sampled by sweep-netting vegetation in four habitats within Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario: Davies Bog, the airfield, deciduous habitat, and coniferous habitat. Sugars in the crops and midguts of female flies (n = 773) were tested by thin-layer chromatography to determine whether the flies had fed on nectar or homopteran honeydew. Melezitose and stachyose were used as honeydew-indicator sugars. For Simulium venustum, it was found that significantly fewer black flies (19%) from the airfield contained honeydew sugars than black flies from the other three sites (34% from Davies Bog; 36% from deciduous habitat; 25% from coniferous habitat). We argue that black flies will feed on nectar or honeydew according to availability.
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Burgin, Steven G., and Fiona F. Hunter. "EVIDENCE OF HONEYDEW FEEDING IN BLACK FLIES (DEPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 129, no. 5 (October 1997): 859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent129859-5.

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AbstractBlack flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) were collected from a tamarack stand, Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch, heavily infested with Adelges lariciatus (Patch) (Homoptera: Adelgidae). Insect nets were used to sweep the tamarack branches to capture black flies associated with the trees. Six black fly species were sweep-netted, with 85.5% of all flies belonging to Simulium venustum Say complex. Samples of honeydew and the crops and midguts of individual black flies were tested by thin layer chromatography using fructose, glucose, sucrose, turanose, melezitose, raffinose, and stachyose as standards. The sugars fructose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose were found in the adelgid honeydew samples. Of the 201 black flies tested, 194 contained sugars, which occurred in 16 combinations. It is argued that stachyose can be used to indicate when black flies have fed on the adelgid honeydew. We conclude that 49.7% of the S. venustum collected from the tamarack had fed recently on this honeydew source. In addition, it was observed that black flies reared in the laboratory readily ingested freshly excreted and older (dry) honeydew when presented with branches from the tamarack stand.
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Franke, Alastair, Vincent Lamarre, and Erik Hedlin. "Rapid Nestling Mortality in Arctic Peregrine Falcons due to the Biting Effects of Black Flies." ARCTIC 69, no. 3 (September 2, 2016): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4580.

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This note describes nestling mortality in Arctic Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus tundrius) due to the biting effects of blood-feeding black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). At a nest site near Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, Canada (62˚49′ N, 92˚05′ W), a brood of four nestlings died on 20 July 2013 from the direct effects of severe bites attributed to black flies. Within three hours of the onset of blood-feeding, black flies had caused widespread, uniformly distributed hemorrhagic coalescent lesions over the head and body of all nestlings. Approximately seven hours after the first flies appeared, the female falcon removed the carcasses of the dead nestlings from the nest. Nestlings at eight additional sites also suffered the effects of biting black flies in 2013, resulting in the deaths of 13 of 35 nestlings. A less pronounced outbreak also occurred in 2012 and resulted in the deaths of seven nestlings at four sites. No nestling mortality due to black flies has been documented in any other year from 1982 through 2015. To our knowledge, these observations document the northernmost lethal attack by ornithophilic black flies in North America.
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WHITE, GRAHAM. "THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BLACK-FLIES." Medical and Veterinary Entomology 5, no. 2 (April 1991): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1991.tb00541.x.

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Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes de, and Victor Py-Daniel. "Seasonality, parity rates and transmission indices of Mansonella ozzardi (Manson) (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) by Cerqueirellum argentiscutum (Shelley & Luna Dias) (Diptera: Simulidae) in a lower Solimões River community, Amazonas, Brazil." Acta Amazonica 34, no. 2 (2004): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672004000200008.

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Mansonella ozzardi is transmitted by two dipterian families, Ceratopogonidae (midges) and Simuliidae (black flies). In Brazil, black flies are vectors for this filariasis until now. In this paper, we determined the seasonality, parity capacity and parasitic infection rate of Cerqueirellum argentiscutum. The work was carried out in the Porto Japão community, Lower Solimões River, Amazonas, Brazil. Results show that the black flies were more abundant during the rainy season (from December to May). The number of parous flies was higher in every sampling during the course of year. Monthly Biting Rate (MBR1 123742.00, MBR2 86701.50) was high, although Parasitic Infection Rate (PIR1 0.06, PIR2 0.08) and Annual Transmission Potential (ATP 7.25) were low in numbers.
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Schofield, S. "Responses to electrified targets and daily activity of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Zimbabwe." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 6 (December 1998): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300054298.

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AbstractResponses of Stomoxys spp. to electrified targets (1 × 1 m) that differed in pattern and colour were investigated over a three month period at Rekomitjie Research Station, Zimbabwe. In the first experiment, a target baited with a blue and black cloth insert caught more flies (315 ± 117) than a target baited with blue cloth insert (202 ± 69). Next, a blue-cloth baited target caught more flies (491 ± 150) than a black-cloth baited target (164 ± 69) and a target containing a cloth with a black diamond on a blue background caught more flies (997 ± 326) than a target containing a cloth with a black square on a blue background (680 ± 125). Finally, a target fitted with a cloth consisting of a vertically oriented black stripe on a blue background caught almost three times as many flies (1366 ± 356) as a target fitted with a cloth consisting of a horizontally oriented black stripe on a blue background (545 ± 150). Hourly collections of Stomoxys spp. from a blue and black target, baited with and without carbon dioxide, indicated that daily activity was bimodal, with a small morning peak and a large late afternoon peak.
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Hunter, Fiona F., Steven G. Burgin, and Allan Woodhouse. "Shattering the folklore: black flies do not pollinate sweet lowbush blueberry." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 2051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-133.

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It is often said that on the Canadian Shield, black flies pollinate the sweet lowbush blueberry, because years with high black fly populations also tend to be those with large blueberry crops. This folklore has never been tested experimentally. Here we report on research designed to test whether or not black flies can act as pollinators for two species of ericaceous plants, sweet lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) and leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata). In enclosures, black flies may assist in leatherleaf pollination but there is no evidence that they increase fruit set in sweet lowbush blueberry. However, we do not exclude the possibility that in the wild, they act as opportunistic nectar thieves of sweet lowbush blueberry.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Black flies"

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Schulz, Katja-Sabine. "The evolution of mating systems in black scavenger flies (Diptera: Sepsidae)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289010.

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Black scavenger flies are characterized by sexual behaviours that are very unusual in insects. I have studied two of the most remarkable elements of their mating systems: the timing of copulations immediately after an oviposition bout (post-oviposition matings) and the males' escorting of ovipositing females. In a study of the patterns of sperm precedence in one sepsid species, I found that the sepsids' peculiar timing of matings is not associated with unusual patterns of sperm precedence: sepsid males displace rival sperm and achieve a large last male advantage, which is the most common outcome of sperm competition in insects. I discuss the potential significance of sperm transfer mechanisms for the sepsids' timing of matings, and I consider factors that may favour the maintenance of post-oviposition matings in sepsid populations. In a survey of sepsid mating patterns, I found that post-oviposition matings are typical of many black scavenger flies and that mating systems characterized by the absence of copulations with gravid females may have arisen early in the family's evolutionary history. In several black scavenger flies, ovipositing females are commonly accompanied by an escorting male, and in all but one of the species I have studied, escorting is pre-copulatory. In several species, I found pronounced geographic variation in the expression of this trait. I argue that sepsids share certain characteristics which may have facilitated multiple independent origins of escorting behaviour. In order to investigate the adaptive significance of escorting, I have conducted a comparative study of patterns of sexual size dimorphism and sex ratios at oviposition sites in conspecific populations that show great divergence in the expression of this trait. The results of this research support the pre-copulatory mate guarding hypothesis for the adaptive significance of escorting behaviour, and they suggest that conspecific populations vary significantly in the degree or nature of sexual selection acting both on morphology and behaviour of males. Furthermore, in a study of the genetic architecture of escorting behaviour, I found that the observed behavioural variation has a genetic basis: the expression of escorting behaviour is a quantitative trait with a significant sex-related component of inheritance.
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Coupland, James B. "The ecology of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Scottish Highlands in relation to control." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=216035.

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Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) are one of the most medically and economically important groups of insects. In Africa and Central America they are the primary vector for Onchocerciasis (River Blindness). In the holarctic region they cause significant losses in meat production and are a serious medical and nuisance problem due to their biting activities. In Britain the nuisance problem asssociated with black fly biting activity is localized to Dorset and the Scottish Highlands where this study was carried out to identify the pest species, investigate their ecology and to determine possible control measures. Four species were observed biting humans; Simulium reptans, S. tuberosum, S. argyreatum, and S. variegatum of which S. reptans was the most important. The factors affecting their distribution and abundance in the egg, larval, and adult stages were investigated in the field. Possible control measures derived from these field studies are discussed. Feeding biology was studied using video and microscope observations and enviromental factors affecting ingestion rates, and feeding behaviour noted. Bioassays using Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis were carried out in the laboratory using a trough maintenance system. The effect of various factors on the efficacy of this bacterial insecticide are discussed in relation to its possible use in the field.
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Talsma, Alex Jeanne. "Development of a Confirmatory PCR Assay to Detect Onchocerca volvulus in Pools of Vector Black Flies." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4952.

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Onchocerciasis, or river blindness, has historically represented one of the significant neglected tropical diseases on the planet in terms of socio-economic impact. The discovery that ivermectin was a safe and effective treatment for onchocerciasis, together with the decision of the manufacturer to donate the drug for the treatment of this disease became the basis for several large international programs to control and eventually eliminate the infection. These programs have managed to virtually eliminate transmission of the parasite causing Onchocerca volvulus from many foci in Africa and the Americas. Verifying that transmission has been halted requires sensitive and specific assays to detect the presence of the parasite. The gold standard to accomplish this has been to employ a PCR assay targeting a specific repeated sequence family encoded in the genome of O. volvulus to screen for the presence of the parasite in pools of vector black flies. While this assay is highly sensitive, obtaining the high specificity required to document an absence of transmission requires an independent confirmatory assay. To meet this need, an independent PCR assay targeting the cytochrome B (cytB) gene of the O. volvulus mitochondrion was developed. This assay could detect O. volvulus mitochondrial DNA purified by magnetic bead capture using the primers for the cytB gene and from the nuclear encoded repeated sequence DNA targeted in the primary assay. These preliminary data suggest that the mitochondrial PCR assay may be employed as a confirmatory assay to detect O. volvulus in pools of vector flies.
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Nadeau, Martin P. (Martin Pierre). "Physiological ecology of Erynia conica and Erynia curvispora (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) attacking black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28862.

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Study of the Entomophthorales infection in selected black fly populations from two outlets of a lake was conducted at the Reserve Faunique du Saint-Maurice (Quebec). Entomophaga near limoniae infected Simulium verecundum/rostratum, whereas Erynia curvispora predominantly parasitized Simulium decorum, and Erynia conica infected Simulium venustum and the Simulium verecundum/rostratum and Simulium vittatum complexes. This is the first report of the presence of Erynia conica and Entomophaga near limoniae in North America and Erynia curvispora in Canada. Entomophaga near limoniae in black flies represents a new association.
A successful method for rearing Simulium rostratum, and the in vitro production of fungal conidiospores, produced a sufficient supply of material to study the cuticular invasion process of Erynia conica in the laboratory. Both Erynia species exhibited a diurnal periodicity in the formation of secondary conidiospores in darkness in vitro. This mode of development was influenced by the pH of the medium. The cyclic pattern in secondary conidia formation by Erynia conica disappeared with exposure to light, which suggests that photoperiod may be a factor contributing to host infection. Only secondary type 2 conidia of Erynia conica produced germ tubes that invaded the cuticle of the proper host, Simulium rostratum as opposed to the primary conidia. The infective unit exhibited delayed germination and formed neither appressoria nor invaded the cuticle of the non-host, Simulium decorum, which may explain the host specificity observed in the field study. Cuticular lipids triggered appressoria formation and penetration pegs on the host black fly and did not seem to inhibit fungal invasion on the non-host.
The effects of selected physical factors on the development of the infective unit of Erynia conica were determined. Germination and sporulation in vitro were influenced by medium pH, environmental temperature and charge of the substrate, but both processes were independent of substrate hydrophobicity. Germination and sporulation occurred throughout the pH and temperature ranges tested, with both achieving maximum at pH 7.5-8.0 and 10-20$ sp circ$C. Temperature range of the germination of the conidiospores in situ was similar that in vitro, which corresponded to the temperature variation in the field. Production of invasive structures was noted for in situ experiments only and was more temperature sensitive than was germination.
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Barry, Tami. "Evaluation of the Economic, Social, and Biological Feasibility of Bioconverting Food Wastes with the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4639/.

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Food waste in the waste stream is becoming an important aspect of integrated waste management systems. Current efforts are composting and animal feeding. However, these food waste disposal practices rely on slow thermodynamic processes of composting or finding farmers with domestic animals capable of consuming the food wastes. Bioconversion, a potential alternative, is a waste management practice that converts food waste to insect larval biomass and organic residue. This project uses a native and common non-pest insect in Texas, the black soldier fly, which processes large quantities of food wastes, as well as animal wastes and sewage in its larval stage. The goal of this research is to facilitate the identification and development of the practical parameters of bioconversion methods at a large cafeteria. Three major factors were selected to evaluate the practicality of a bioconversion system: (1) the biological constraints on the species; (2) the economic costs and benefits for the local community; (3) the perception of and interaction between the public and management agencies with respect to the bioconversion process. Results indicate that bioconversion is feasible on all levels. Larvae tolerate and consume food waste as well as used cooking grease, reducing the overall waste volume by 30-70% in a series of experiments, with an average reduction of 50%. The economical benefits are reduced collection costs and profit from the sale of pupae as a feedstuff, which could amount to as much as $1,200 per month under optimal conditions. Social acceptance is possible, but requires education of the public, specifically targeting school children. Potential impediments to social acceptance include historical attitudes and ignorance, which could be overcome through effective educational efforts.
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Wu, Meng Kun, and 吳孟昆. "Reproduction and Application of Black Soldier Flies." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4d42ae.

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碩士
遠東科技大學
創新設計與創業管理研究所
107
The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L., is a common insect of the family Stratiomyidae in Taiwan. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are usually found in animal manure, rotten vegetables and fruits in the wild. BSFL is also a good decomposer of spoiled food, animal carcasses, food scraps and agricultural waste. After Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) published “Edible insects: Future prospects for food and feed security” FORESTRY PAPER 171 in 2013 to push resource insect protein as a secure option for animal feed, the rearing and application of BSF has raised the profile. The most common food for BSF rearing is soybean meal. In this research, BSFL are fed on simulated food waste, soybean meal added table salt to, composted in different methods. In traditional compost pile method, third-instar larvae consume more soybean meal in the environment of 0% salinity than in that of both 1% and 2%. Besides, BSFL’s escape is the most serious (132g) in the environment of 2% salinity than in that of 0%. According to the calculation method in this experiment, a gram of BSF egg cluster is produced and calculated 46,088 eggs with “Circular Device Using BSF for Food Waste” in traditional compost pile method. On a daily basis of 2 tons of soybean meal processed, in comparison with the cost-benefit analysis of three different rearing methods, the result is that the rate of return of the independently-researched-and-developed device “Circular Device Using BSF for Food Waste” is the highest (282%), the tray-rearing method inferior, and the pool-rearing method the lowest. As for the indirect benefits of the experiment on layer chickens, there is a huge difference in the weight of chickens between those with and without intake of BSFL in the control group until 31 weeks of age. At 35 weeks of age, the average single weight of those eggs produced is 2 grams heavier than that in the control group and there are 14 more total numbers of eggs produced by chickens with intake of BSFL. The advantages of the independently-researched-and-developed circular device are making workforce management simple, suitable for dealing with food waste, easily-collectible BSF eggs for educational usage, academic researches, or the larval supply for rearing facilities. Expectations for this paper are to provide more information for those who are beginners or veterans in BSFL industry, to check the cost-benefit analysis precisely, and to promote scalable domestic production and applications of BSFL.
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McBride, Michelle. "Bunkhouses, black flies, and seasonal unemployment : the industrial construction industry in Newfoundland, 1960s-1990s /." 2003.

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Weinandt, Meggin Leigh. "Conservation implications of common loon (Gavia immer) parasites, black flies, haematozoans, and the role of mercury." 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1439817.

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Rivera, Castillo Julio Martin. "Utility of the Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI) for Species Identification and Phylogeographic Analysis in Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/17217.

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A short sequence of ca. 658-bp of the mitochondrial gene COI was used to investigate its utility as a DNA barcode in the medically important Simuliidae or black flies. Sixty-five species and species complexes were tested. Results indicate that the barcoding gene discriminated among morphologically distinct species with nearly 100% of efficacy and proved useful for revealing cryptic diversity. The DNA barcoding gene was also tested for revealing phylogeographic patterns in the western cordilleran Prosimulium travisi and the Prosimulium neomacropyga species-group. Phylogeographic analyses on these species revealed areas that acted as glacial refugia, postglacial history, cryptic speciation episodes and timing of the events that lead to their present-day distribution. The results obtained concur with other phylogeographic studies on similarly-distributed cordilleran organisms. In conclusion, the barcoding gene not only resulted useful for species discrimination in black flies but also for studies at the population level, providing value-added to this molecular marker.
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WANG, KUO-HUNG, and 王國泓. "The Growth Efficiency of Black Soldier Flies (Hermetia illucens(L.)) by Using Palm Kernel Cake as The Only Resource." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5tj68g.

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碩士
銘傳大學
生物科技學系碩士班
107
Palm kernel cake (PKC) is a large amount of agricultural processing waste. In the previous studies, PKC was tried as a feed for higher animals. However, the animals except the ruminants can only acceptable for a limited amount in food because of the rich of cellulose. It is not efficient in the viewpoint of recirculation. In this study, black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) was introduced for the PKC consumption. In order to examine the possibility, we try to feed the larva of black soldier fly with PKC as the only food, and compare the growth efficiency with the groups feed with wheat bran. The black soldier fly can complete the life cycle with PKC as the only food resource, that means the nutrition component is sufficient, however, the growth rate might less than the group feed with wheat bran. By the comparative study of the nutrition component analysis of the larva feed with PKC or wheat bran only, slightly different was shown, especially in the type and the amount of fatty acid. In future research, it is hoped that by adjusting the ratio of feed and the proportion of larvae, we can find the best conditions for using black palm oil to raise black leeches. And to explore whether the black pupa larvae raised by palm kernel oil carp have commercial value.
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Books on the topic "Black flies"

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Mason, Peter George. Black flies. Ottawa, Ont: Communications Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1990.

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Burke, Shannon. Black flies. Brooklyn: Soft Skull Press, 2008.

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Black flies. Leicester: Charnwood, 2010.

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Burke, Shannon. Black flies: A novel. London: Harvill Secker, 2009.

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Black flies: A novel. London: Harvill Secker, 2009.

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Burke, Shannon. Black flies: A novel. Brooklyn: Soft Skull Press, 2008.

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Burke, Shannon. Black flies: A novel. Brooklyn: Soft Skull Press, 2008.

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Black flies: A novel. Brooklyn: Soft Skull Press, 2008.

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Ozerov, A. L. Mukhi-muravʹevidki (Diptera, Sepsidae) fauny Rossii. Moskva: Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta, 2003.

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Barjac, Huguette, and Donald J. Sutherland, eds. Bacterial Control of Mosquitoes & Black Flies. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5967-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Black flies"

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Goddard, Jerome. "Black Flies." In Public Health Entomology, 237–40. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003120087-17.

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Berry, Colin, Jason M. Meyer, Marjorie A. Hoy, John B. Heppner, William Tinzaara, Clifford S. Gold, Clifford S. Gold, et al. "Black Scavenger Flies." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 530. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_370.

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Currie, Douglas C., and D. Bruce Hunter. "Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)." In Parasitic Diseases of Wild Birds, 537–45. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813804620.ch31.

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Berry, Colin, Jason M. Meyer, Marjorie A. Hoy, John B. Heppner, William Tinzaara, Clifford S. Gold, Clifford S. Gold, et al. "Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 525–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_361.

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Hangay, George, Susan V. Gruner, F. W. Howard, John L. Capinera, Eugene J. Gerberg, Susan E. Halbert, John B. Heppner, et al. "Minute Black Scavenger Flies." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2402. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4640.

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Skovmand, Ole, James Kerwin, and Lawrence A. Lacey. "Microbial Control of Mosquitoes and Black Flies." In Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology, 767–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1547-8_34.

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Skovmand, Ole, James Kerwin, and Lawrence A. Lacey. "Microbial control of mosquitoes and black flies." In Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology, 735–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5933-9_36.

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Becker, Norbert. "Bacterial control of vector-mosquitoes and black flies." In Entomopathogenic Bacteria: from Laboratory to Field Application, 383–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1429-7_21.

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Margalit, Joel. "Discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis." In Bacterial Control of Mosquitoes & Black Flies, 3–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5967-8_1.

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Molloy, Daniel P. "Progress in the Biological Control of Black Flies with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, with Emphasis on Temperate Climates." In Bacterial Control of Mosquitoes & Black Flies, 161–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5967-8_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Black flies"

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Vasiliev, Alexandr, and Tatiana Sulesco. "The first pilot study of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) breeding sites in Moldova." In International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.66.

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The data on black fly fauna in Moldova are absent in the old and modern literature. Overall, 45 black fly species from the genera Prosimulium (four species) and Simulium (41 species) are common both for Romania and Ukraine and expected to be present in Moldova. For the first time cross-sectional entomological survey was conducted in 2018 to detect the breeding sites of Simuliidae in Moldova. Productive breeding sites of black flies were identified in the creek close to the Dniester River section located in Vascauti village, Racovat River sections located in Branzeni and Burlanesti villages. Immature stages of black flies also have been found in the small creeks in Chisinau and Duruitoarea Veche.
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Abdel Hamid Shumo, Marwa. "Health safety and nutritional value of black soldier flies driven-feed." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.106262.

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Bouwman, A. C., J. E. Nugroho, D. Wongso, J. van Schelt, B. A. Pannebakker, B. J. Zwaan, and E. D. Ellen. "613. Genetic parameters of black soldier flies estimated in full sib design." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_613.

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Giakoumoglou, Nikolaos, Eleftheria Maria Pechlivani, Nikolaos Katsoulas, and Dimitrios Tzovaras. "White Flies and Black Aphids Detection in Field Vegetable Crops using Deep Learning." In 2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Image Processing Applications and Systems (IPAS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipas55744.2022.10052855.

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Sabir, Mohd Owaish, Prateek Verma, P. K. Maduri, and Kushagra Kushagra. "Electrically controlled artificial system for organic waste management using Black Soldier Flies with IOT monitoring." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICACCCN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacccn51052.2020.9362816.

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Chew, Kevin Thomas, Riady Siswoyo Jo, Marlene Lu, Valliappan Raman, and Patrick Hang Hui Then. "Organic Black Soldier Flies (BSF) Farming in Rural Area using Libelium Waspmote Smart Agriculture and Internet-of-Things Technologies." In 2021 IEEE 11th IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscaie51753.2021.9431801.

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Cammack, Jonathan A. "Bioconversion by the black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens(L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Prospects for managing organic waste and filth flies." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.109008.

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SPINELLI, ROSANGELA, PAOLO NERI, MARTINA PINI, SILVIA BARBI, MONIA MONTORSI, and ANNA MARIA FERRARI. "USING BLACK SOLDIER FLIES (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) TO BIOCONVERT WASTE FROM THE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION CHAIN: A LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm180051.

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Ellithy, Noor Khaled, Orob Kifah Balaawi, and Alaa Khaled Alnakeeb. "Drones for Agriculture." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0249.

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Taking measurements for agriculture purposes is a challenge that this project tackles. A UAV and some sensors are being used to monitor a big field. The target of this project is to design a fully autonomous system that covers the area of planted land. The system collects information and sends what is collected directly to the base station. Furthermore, the design is divided into two parts: plane design and ground design. The plane design includes a temperature sensor, a CO2 sensor, a NoIR camera, a regular camera and a 4G dongle. The ground design, however, has one soil moisture sensor, one H2S sensor and a GSM module. The plane takes a trip around the field to record real time data and transmits, while the on-ground black box sends data to the base station. Finally, data is analysed, and reports are sent to the base station and the mobile application created for this cause. The plane has carried tests in the airport in Al-Khor city. The tests were to make sure the UAV flies properly and they were successful.
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Chen, Yu, Lu Chen, and Xianyi Zeng. "Personalized little black dress interaction design system based on DCGAN image generation module." In 14th International FLINS Conference (FLINS 2020). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811223334_0067.

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Reports on the topic "Black flies"

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Pishgar-Komleh, Seyyed Hassan, Adriaan Vernooij, and Philipp Straub. Carbon footprint of processing city market waste for animal feed with Black Soldier Flies in Kampala, Uganda. Wageningen: Wageningen Livestock Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/574099.

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Commonwealth Bank of Australia - One blotter - Printed on one side only - Black with green background with pink on reverse - “Time flies - do not waste the days!” - Vernon Lorimer - c.1930-1950s. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pa-000182.

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