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1
McKeon, C. Seabird, Björn G. Tunberg, Cora A. Johnston, and Daniel J. Barshis. "Ecological drivers and habitat associations of estuarine bivalves." PeerJ 3 (November 12, 2015): e1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1348.
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Community composition of the infaunal bivalve fauna of the St. Lucie Estuary and southern Indian River Lagoon, eastern Florida was sampled quarterly for 10 years as part of a long-term benthic monitoring program. A total of 38,514 bivalves of 137 taxa were collected and identified. We utilized this data, along with sediment samples and environmental measurements gathered concurrently, to assess the community composition, distribution, and ecological drivers of the infaunal bivalves of this estuary system. Salinity had the strongest influence on bivalve assemblage across the 15 sites, superseding the influences of sediment type, water turbidity, temperature and other environmental parameters. The greatest diversity was found in higher salinity euhaline sites, while the greatest abundance of individual bivalves was found in medium salinity mixohaline sites, the lowest diversity and abundances were found in the low salinity oligohaline sites, demonstrating a strong positive association between salinity and diversity/abundance. Water management decisions for the estuary should incorporate understanding of the role of salinity on bivalve diversity, abundance, and ecosystem function.
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Tuskes, Paul. "The Diet of Octopus bimaculoides in Mission Bay, California (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)." Festivus 53, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f532085.
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A year-long survey of Octopus bimaculoides Pickford & McConnaughey (1949) dens in three different subtidal habitats was conducted in Mission Bay, California. Habitat complexity and stability were positively associated with prey species richness, species abundance, and den availability. Collectively, 38 species of bivalves and 22 species of gastropods were recorded from octopi debris fields. Two species of bivalve at each site comprised approximately 60% or greater of the bivalves in the debris fields. Bivalves species represented 85% of the take, the remainder being gastropods. With the exception of the bubble snail, most gastropods were drilled, while most bivalves were not. Crustacean remains were infrequently found in debris fields. Prey species in other phyla may have been consumed, but their remains were not found in the debris fields.
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Paulay, Gustav. "Effects of late Cenozoic sea-level fluctuations on the bivalve faunas of tropical oceanic islands." Paleobiology 16, no. 4 (1990): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300010162.
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The frequent late Cenozoic glacial ages were accompanied by sea-level falls of 100–150 m amplitude. These falls stranded the complex inner-reef platforms and lagoons of tropical Pacific islands, while outer-reef-slope habitats persisted, although displaced downslope. The effects of glacial regressions on bivalves were studied by examining the zonation of species across reef systems and species composition on tectonically uplifted islands, islands with, effectively, local low sea stands. I show that qualitative habitat loss (the stranding of inner-reef habitats) was responsible for the local extinction of about one-third of the bivalve species that inhabit central Pacific islands during high sea stands, whereas quantitative loss of habitat area and climatic effects were inconsequential. Soft-sediment habitats, and consequently soft-bottom bivalves, were more drastically affected by sea-level fluctuations than were hard-bottom habitats and bivalves.Although many bivalve species were extirpated in the central Pacific during low sea stands, they survived in the western Pacific, where the different geomorphology of many marine systems provided refugia for lagoonal species. Thus, a large proportion of Pacific bivalve species has very dynamic distributions, undergoing great range reductions and expansions with falls and rises of sea level, and much of the present central Pacific lagoonal fauna is of Holocene age. Several implications of these findings are discussed.
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Kasoar, Tim, Philline S. E. zu Ermgassen, Alvar Carranza, Boze Hancock, and Mark Spalding. "New opportunities for conservation of a threatened biogenic habitat: a worldwide assessment of knowledge on bivalve-reef representation in marine and coastal Ramsar Sites." Marine and Freshwater Research 66, no. 11 (2015): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14306.
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The present study draws attention to the current state of knowledge of bivalve reef, an important but historically overlooked habitat type. Recent interest has led to the explicit recognition of this habitat type under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (the Ramsar Convention), an international treaty that has widespread governmental and scientific involvement. To assess the state of knowledge, the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) for marine and coastal Sites was searched for evidence that bivalve-reef habitat is present in the site. We then examined the quality of this information using alternative data sources. These were public databases of geolocated species records at three spatial scales, local and regional experts, and a general web search. It was found that of the 893 marine and coastal Ramsar Sites considered, the RIS for 16 Sites provided strong evidence of bivalve-reef habitat and 99 had confirmed presence of reef-forming bivalves, a strikingly high number, given that it is not yet compulsory to include bivalve reef in RISs. However, the alternative information sources identified bivalve reefs or reef-forming bivalves in 142 further Sites. No one information source provided comprehensive information, highlighting the overall poor state of knowledge of this habitat type.
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Febrina, Mutiara, Wahyu Adi, and Arief Febrianto. "KELIMPAHAN BIVALVIA DI EKOSISTEM LAMUN PANTAI PUDING KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN." Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan 12, no. 2 (November 15, 2018): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/akuatik.v12i2.702.
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Puding Beach is administratively located in Pasir Putih Village, Tukak Sadai District, South Bangka Regency. As a coastal area, Puding Beach holds natural resource potential in both marine tourism and biota diversity. This study aims to analyze the abundance and distribution of bivalves and the seagrass beach community structure. This research was conducted in March 2018. The research method used was purposive sampling. Whereas for analysis of water quality characteristics and bivalve abundance, use main component analysis (Principle component analysis / PCA). The results showed that there were 6 species of seagrass and 7 species of bivalves at all stations. Each station I, II and III is dominated by the bivalve type Gafrarium tumidium with different seagrass species density. The highest density of seagrass species at stations I, II and III were Halodule uninervis (141 ind / m), Enhalus acoroides (7 ind / m) and Cymodocea serrulata (38 ind / m). Based on the analysis of main components can be seen the description of the condition to research location and can be seen the correlation between the existing bivalve abundance and the condition of the waters in all the research stations described in the F1-F2 factorial field. Important information on the main component axis is centered on the 2 main axes F1 (82.38%) and F2 (4.62%) of the total percentage. Bivalvia distribution analysis at Puding Beach is uniform and clustered based on habitat characteristics and environmental parameters that influence the life of bivalves
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Vaughn, Caryn C., and Timothy J. Hoellein. "Bivalve Impacts in Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 49, no. 1 (November 2, 2018): 183–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110617-062703.
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Bivalve molluscs are abundant in marine and freshwater ecosystems and perform important ecological functions. Bivalves have epifaunal or infaunal lifestyles but are largely filter feeders that couple the water column and benthos. Bivalve ecology is a large field of study, but few comparisons among aquatic ecosystems or lifestyles have been conducted. Bivalves impact nutrient cycling, create and modify habitat, and affect food webs directly (i.e., prey) and indirectly (i.e., movement of nutrients and energy). Materials accumulated in soft tissue and shells are used as environmental monitors. Freshwater mussel and oyster aggregations in rivers and estuaries are hot spots for biodiversity and biogeochemical transformations. Historically, human use includes food, tools, currency, and ornamentation. Bivalves provide direct benefits to modern cultures as food, building materials, and jewelry and provide indirect benefits by stabilizing shorelines and mitigating nutrient pollution. Research on bivalve-mediated ecological processes is diverse, and future synthesis will require collaboration across conventional disciplinary boundaries.
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Matthews, T. G., and A. J. Constable. "Effect of flooding on estuarine bivalve populations near the mouth of the Hopkins River, Victoria, Australia." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 3 (May 24, 2004): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009671h.
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The densities of two common intertidal/shallow subtidal bivalves, Soletellina alba and Arthritica helmsi, were sampled in vegetated and unvegetated habitats of the Hopkins River estuary on three occasions during the autumn/winter 1995. Winter flooding coincided with mass mortalities of the infaunal bivalve S. alba, but not A. helmsi. Mortalities were apparent for individuals living deeper in the sediment (≈35 cm) in vegetated and unvegetated habitats, but small S. alba (<1 mm) were less susceptible to mortality than larger individuals (>1 mm). Mortalities were similar across different habitat types and sediment depths, and at multiple sites within close proximity to the estuary mouth.
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Raabe, Jennifer M., and Matthew R. Gilg. "Native and nonnative bivalve settlement: potential competition for spatial resources in a northeast Florida estuary." Journal of Molluscan Studies 86, no. 4 (August 11, 2020): 372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyaa019.
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ABSTRACT Introduced species often have negative effects on native species that occupy the same habitats in the area of introduction. Habitat preferences of organisms can therefore play a large role in determining the severity of interactions such as competition or predation. Previous laboratory studies have shown that the introduced mussel species Perna viridis can decrease the settlement and early survival of the native oyster species Crassostrea virginica. Both species can often be found in the same general areas, but it is unknown whether this habitat overlap is complete, or whether there are certain locations that may act as refuges for native bivalve species. The present study investigated the settlement patterns of the introduced P. viridis and two groups of native bivalves, oysters (C. virginica and Ostrea equestris) and mussels (Ischadium recurvum, Brachidontes exustus and Geukensia demissa), to determine whether preferential settlement depths and habitats differed among the groups. Most of these groups showed significantly greater settlement on deeper substrates that were located in the main channel of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway of northeast Florida. While native oysters also settled in adjacent feeder creeks in fairly large numbers, settlement of P. viridis in these areas was relatively rare. In main channel locations, the overlap in settlement depth is likely to result in competition between introduced and native bivalve species, but feeder creeks may provide areas of refuge for native oysters. The spatial and temporal overlap of all three groups suggests that competition among nonnative and native bivalves may occur in nature.
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Ríos-Jara, Eduardo, Ceciel-M. Navarro-Caravantes, Cristian-M. Galván-Villa, and Ernesto Lopez-Uriarte. "Bivalves and Gastropods of the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico: A Checklist of Species with Notes on Their Habitat and Local Distribution." Journal of Marine Biology 2009 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/176801.
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The taxonomic composition of 160 species of bivalves and gastropods recorded in the Gulf of Tehuantepec is presented with information on their habitat and distribution along 10 different localities of the shoreline and 42 stations of the continental shelf. The species were on sandy and rocky beaches, coastal lagoons, estuaries, mangroves, rocky breakwaters of ports, and shallow subtidal areas (14–47 m depth). A total of 78 bivalve species and 82 gastropod species were recorded. Most of these were associated with sandy and rocky beaches and breakwaters of ports. The estuaries host 30 species and the coastal lagoons only two. In the shallow subtidal there were 18 gastropod species and 40 bivalve species representing 36.3% of all. This study adds 24 bivalve species and 29 gastropod species not recorded in previous studies for a total count of 213 species (102 bivalves and 111 gastropods) for Gulf of Tehuantepec.
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Antu, Durjoy Raha, Tasfia Tanjim Islam, Md Rasel Ahmed, Sumaiya Ahmed, Sujan Kumar Datta, and Md Sagir Ahmed. "DIVERSITY OF BIVALVES AND GASTROPODS IN SONADIA ISLAND, BANGLADESH." Bioresearch Communications 9, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 1225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brc.v9i1.63603.
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An attempt was made to explore the gastropods and bivalves diversity of Sonadia Island, an important habitat for molluscs. The study was carried out from January 2020 to December 2020. To determine the species abundance and richness, 8 transects were selected based on different habitat of bivalves and gastropods occupancy. A total of 89 species of bivalves (45) and gastropods (44) under 37 families and 15 orders have been confirmed. Veneridae (10 species) was the dominant family of bivalves where Muricidae and Turritellidae (5 species) of gastropods. About 1380 individuals of gastropods and bivalves were found in 8 transects. The highest number of species observed in transect 5 (35 species) which was about 45.45% of the total species. In case of abundance, transect 3 occupied the highest 730 individuals (54.97%). The highest species diversity was observed in transect 4 (H= 2.814 Ds= 0.9158) and the lowest was transect 2. Pirenella cingulate, Turritella duplicate and Cerithium columna were the most abundant species within the transect area. Among 8 transects, two large clusters and one small cluster were noticed that indicated species diversity varies at different habitats. During the study, two main threats were observed for the gastropods and bivalves diversity losses viz., collection of a huge number of live shells by the local people to make ornaments for the tourists of Cox’s Bazar, and destruc tion by local fishers during fishing through the coastal belt of the Island. Proper management is recommended for the conservation of bivalves and gastropod diversity. Bioresearch Commu. 9(1): 1225-1236, 2023 (January)
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Fatonah, Chintya Nurul, Restu Ayu Ningtias, Meilisha Putri Pertiwi, and Raden Teti Rostikawati. "Species Diversity of Bivalves and Gastropods at the Tanjung Rising Coastal, Bangka Belitung Island." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 24, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v24i1.30259.
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Tanjung Rising Coastal, located in Dendang Village, Bangka Belitung Islands, has a large variety of substrates and organisms. One of the types of marine life studied is the Mollusk Phylum including the Bivalve and Gastropod classes. To find out the diversity of Bivalvia and Gastropoda, this study was carried out on Tanjung Rising Coastal, Bangka Belitung Islands. The study was conducted in December 2020-August 2021, using belt transect method with purposive sampling technique. Samples were collected at station 1 with a sandy substrate and station 2 with a muddy substrate. The results of this study found 1,372 individuals from the Bivalvia class consisting of 7 families and 12 species, while from the Gastropod class yielded 2,630 individuals consisting of 5 families and 7 species. The diversity and evenness index at both stations is relatively low which means that there are species that dominate, because both stations have good habitats for the dominating species. In addition, temperature, pH, salinity, depth, and strong currents showed good values for Bivalvia and Gastropoda habitat. In summary, Tanjung Rising Beach is still a good habitat for invertebrate animals, especially Bivalvia and Gastropoda.
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HASSAN, MARINA, MOHD IHWAN ZAKARIAH, NOR ASMA HUSNA YUSOFF, NUR NADHIRAH MOHD NIZA, WAHIDAH WAHAB, FARIZAN ABDULLAH, and AHMAD SHUHAIMI DERAMAN. "ARCOTHERES SP., A NEW REPORT ON PEA CRABS (CRUSTACEA: PINNOTHERIDAE) IN BIVALVES FROM THE SETIU WETLAND LAGOON, MALAYSIA." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 17, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2022.08.008.
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Pea crab infestations reduce the quality of bivalves, decreasing their market value and may result in consignment rejection during exportation in the bivalve aquaculture industry. This study investigates the prevalence of pea crabs in four different species of bivalves collected in habitats in the Setiu Wetland Lagoon, Terengganu. A total of 771 samples of bivalves including Geloina expansa (Mousson, 1849), Meretrix meretrix (Linnaeus, 1758), Anadara cornea (Reeve, 1844) and Magallana bilineata (Röding, 1798) were collected during low tide, with shell length measurements of 5.44 ± 1.3, 2.67 ± 0.6, 3.96 ± 0.6 and 0.00 ± 0.0, respectively. No length measurement was recorded for M. bilineata due to the unequal sizes of the shells. A total of 30 pea crabs were harboured with single colonisation and all of them were females. The pea crabs were identified to be from the genus Arcotheres sp. Manning, 1993 with carapace subcircular and invisible eyes in the dorsal view, chela slender, half of the palm length dactylus, palm slender, dactylus and pollex straight, propodus spatulate with apex rounded, dorsally and distally setose, slender exopod, dorsally and ventrally unarmed ambulatory legs, and relative length of meri P3>P2=P4>P5, P2 and P3 dactyl less than half of the propodal length. The prevalence of pea crabs was higher in G. expansa (P: 9.73%), followed by M. bilineata (P: 1.59%) and M. meretrix (P: 1.12%) which were highly influenced by the host size. No pea crab infestation was found in A. cornea probably due to muddy and strong waves area. Overall, the present study revealed that host size and habitat were the main factors affecting the colonisation of pea crabs in bivalves from the Setiu Wetland Lagoon, Terengganu.
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Densmore, Christine L., Deborah D. Iwanowicz, Shawn M. McLaughlin, Christopher A. Ottinger, Jason E. Spires, and Luke R. Iwanowicz. "Influenza A Virus Detected in Native Bivalves in Waterfowl Habitat of the Delmarva Peninsula, USA." Microorganisms 7, no. 9 (September 9, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090334.
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We evaluated the prevalence of influenza A virus (IAV) in different species of bivalves inhabiting natural water bodies in waterfowl habitat along the Delmarva Peninsula and Chesapeake Bay in eastern Maryland. Bivalve tissue from clam and mussel specimens (Macoma balthica, Macoma phenax, Mulinia sp., Rangia cuneata, Mya arenaria, Guekensia demissa, and an undetermined mussel species) from five collection sites was analyzed for the presence of type A influenza virus by qPCR targeting the matrix gene. Of the 300 tissue samples analyzed, 13 samples (4.3%) tested positive for presence of influenza virus A matrix gene. To our knowledge, this is the first report of detection of IAV in the tissue of any bivalve mollusk from a natural water body.
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Ilahi, Wahyu Bintang, and Muhlis. "Macrofauna Diversity Associated with Mangrove Roots in West Lombok Regency." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.4483.
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Mangrove is an ecosystem that has a wealth of macrofauna, which includes plant species and biota associated therein, gastropods and bivalves associated with mangroves as living habitat, shelter, spawning and food supply. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of macrofauna associated with mangrove species. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with a survey method. The results showed that the diversity of gastropods and bivalves on the gastropod Cemara beach was 2.05. Bivalvia 1.22. Meanwhile in Bagek Kembar. Gastropods 1.73 and bivalvia 1.32 have relatively low diversity. The results of the analysis using the contingency table at the study site were 8 pairs from the Gastropod class and 4 pairs from the Bivalvia class, these pairs tended to associate at the 5% test level. The macrofauna and mangrove species pairs obtained had a positive association of 6 pairs, namely (Telescopium -Avicennia lanata, Terebralia sulcata -Avicennia lanata, Cerithideacingulata-Rhizophora mucronata, Cerithidea cingulata-Avicennia marina, Cerithideacingulata-Sonneratia caseolaris, Batillaria zonalis -Rhizophora stylosa) whereas in class bivalves there are 4 pairs (Anadara antiquata -Avicennia lanata, Anadara antiquata -Ceriops decandra, Gafrarium pectinatum -Avicennia lanata, Lutraria lutraria-Rhizophora mucronata). This pair of macrofauna with mangrove species shows a close relationship between the two. For future mangrove planting, it can be used as a benchmark by looking at macrofauna and mangrove pairs that are positively associated.
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Lehane, Clare, and John Davenport. "Ingestion of mesozooplankton by three species of bivalve; Mytilus edulis, Cerastoderma edule and Aequipecten opercularis." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 4 (August 2002): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402005957.
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Mytilus edulis, Cerastoderma edule and Aequipecten opercularis were found to ingest zooplankton when suspended in mesh cages in the water column in the Firth of Clyde. Zooplankters were also found in the stomachs of bivalves that had been taken directly from their natural habitat. The bivalves consumed a wide range of zooplankton species, but selectively consumed smaller categories of zooplankton present. Condition of zooplankton in the stomachs of the bivalves varied with zooplankton species. A degree of larviphagy was evident, particularly in Mytilus edulis.
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Beran, Luboš. "Distribution and recent status of freshwater mussels of family Unionidae (Bivalvia) in the Czech Republic." Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 420 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2019038.
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This study is devoted mainly to the distribution and its changes, inhabited and preferable habitats of bivalves from family Unionidae in the territory of the Czech Republic and the discussion of major threats and conservation measures. Altogether 6 autochthonous (Unio crassus, Unio pictorum, Unio tumidus, Anodonta anatina, Anodonta cygnea, Pseudanodonta complanata) and 1 allochthonous species (Sinanodonta woodiana) has been known in the Czech Republic. All these species occurred in all three river basins (Labe, Odra, Danube) and watersheds (North, Baltic and Black seas). A. anatina is the most widespread and common unionid while P. complanata is an autochthonous bivalve with the most restricted area of distribution. U. crassus has been a significantly disappearing species. As in most European countries, pollution and habitat loss including fragmentation and degradation, together with other factors such as water abstraction, invasive species and loss of fish hosts are the main threats affecting their populations.
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Bélanger, David, and Patrick Gagnon. "Spatiotemporal Variability in Subarctic Lithothamnion glaciale Rhodolith Bed Structural Complexity and Macrofaunal Diversity." Diversity 15, no. 6 (June 14, 2023): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15060774.
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Rhodoliths are non-geniculate, free-living coralline red algae that can accumulate on the seafloor and form structurally complex benthic habitats supporting diverse communities known as rhodolith beds. We combined in situ rhodolith collections and imagery to quantify variability, over 9 months and at two sites, in the structural complexity and biodiversity of a subarctic Lithothamnion glaciale rhodolith bed. We show that the unconsolidated rhodolith framework is spatially heterogeneous, yet provides a temporally stable habitat to an abundant and highly diverse macrofauna encompassing 108 taxa dominated by brittle stars, chitons, bivalves, gastropods, polychaetes, sea urchins, and sea stars. Specific habitat components, including large bivalve shells, affect rhodolith morphology and resident macrofauna, with increasingly large, non-nucleated rhodoliths hosting higher macrofaunal density, biomass, and diversity than increasingly large, shell-nucleated rhodoliths. The present study’s fine taxonomic resolution results strongly support the notion that rhodolith beds are biodiversity hotspots. Their spatial and temporal domains provide clear quantitative evidence that rhodolith beds provide a stable framework under the main influence of biological forcing until sporadic and unusually intense physical forcing reworks it. Our findings suggest that shallow (<20 m depth) rhodolith beds are vulnerable to ongoing and predicted increases in the frequency and severity of wave storms.
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Basmalah, Lalu M. Faatih, Abdul Syukur, and Khairuddin Khairuddin. "Bivalve Diversity Associated with Seagrasses in The Southern Coastal Waters of Central Lombok." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 22, no. 1 (June 2, 2022): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3611.
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Bivalves have an important role for the aquatic environment, namely as bioindicators of environmental health and water quality associated with seagrass. Bivalves are a class of molluscs associated with seagrass. This study aims to analyze the diversity of bivalves, and the relationship of environmental factors to the habitat of bivalves. The method used in this research is the line transect and quadratic method. The research approach was through observation, data collection for seagrass and bivalves using quadrant and transect methods. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The results of the study found 16 species belonging to 7 families (Veneroidae, Arcidae, Cardidae, Tellinidae, Pinnadae and Pteriidae). The highest bivalves diversity index (H') was found at Kuta Mandalika Beach at 2.40 and the lowest at Gerupuk Beach at 2.02. The ANOVA results showed that the richness and abundance of seagrass-associated bivalves in the study area was determined by the environmental characteristics of the seagrass, especially the substrate. Second, seagrass can be a suitable substrate for bivalves to survive. The results of this study can be a reference for future researchers and a source of information for study purposes and for the development of science, especially in the field of invertebrate zoology.
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Boymurodov, S., and U. Fayzullayev. "Distribution of Unionidae, Euglesidae, Pisidiidae and Corbiculidae Family Species in the Sangzor River Aquatic Ecosystems in Biotopes." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 7 (July 15, 2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/92/12.
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Our research revealed 20 species of Bivalvia, 1 subspecies and 1 variety of the Sangzor River and its surrounding aquatic species belonging to 4 families and 5 genera. Of the species listed in the table: Euglesa hissarica, E. (Casertiana) obliquata, Odhneripisidium polytimeticum are more numerous. They are found in the amount of 1-4 m per 1 m2. The rest of the species are relatively rare. Euglesa (Cyclocalyx) gurvichi, Odhneripisidium terekense, O. (Kuiperipisidium) issykkulense were first discovered in the basin of the Sangzor river. These Bivalves are crenophils and pelolimnophils living in springs depending on their habitat. The length of the Sangzor River and the presence of all biotopes in which mollusks live, made the river a favorable habitat for mollusks. However, it should be noted that while all species occur in the river, they vary in density.
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Linse, Katrin, Julia D. Sigwart, Chong Chen, and Elena M. Krylova. "Ecophysiology and ecological limits of symbiotrophic vesicomyid bivalves (Pliocardiinae) in the Southern Ocean." Polar Biology 43, no. 10 (July 24, 2020): 1423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02717-z.
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Abstract Geothermal energy provides an important resource in Antarctic marine ecosystems, exemplified by the recent discovery of large-sized chemosymbiotic vesicomyid bivalves (subfamily Pliocardiinae) in the Southern Ocean. These clams, which we identified as Archivesica s.l. puertodeseadoi, have been reported as dead shells in areas previously covered by Larsen A and B ice shelves (eastern Antarctic Peninsula) and as live animals from active hydrothermal sites in the Kemp Caldera (South Sandwich Arc) at depths of 852–1487 m. Before, A. puertodeseadoi was known only from its type locality in the Argentine Sea, so we considerably extend the range of the species. Observations taken by remotely operated vehicle (ROV) footage show that the clams can live buried in sediment, or epilithically on the surface of rocks in diffuse geothermal flow. Experimental respirometry was conducted at surface pressure on individual bivalves acclimated to either their habitat temperature (4 °C) or elevated temperature (10 °C). The range of standard metabolic rates, from 3.13 to 6.59 (MO2, μmol O2 h−1 g−1 dry tissue mass), is similar to rates measured ex situ for other species in this clade, and rates did not differ significantly between temperature groups. Taken together, these data indicate a range of ecophysiological flexibility for A. puertodeseadoi. Although adapted to a specialist mode of life, this bivalve exploits a relatively broad range of habitats in the Southern Ocean: within sulphidic sediments, epilithically in the presence of diffuse sulphidic flow, or in deep methane-enriched seawater trapped under ice.
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Rahman, Md Ataur, Mohammed Rashed Parvej, Md Harunor Rashid, and Md Enamul Hoq. "Availability of pearl producing marine bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities." Journal of Fisheries 3, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v3i3.2015.108.
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The present study was conducted during September 2014 to July 2015 to identify the pearl bearing bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities of marine oyster in captivity based on field investigation. A total of 7 pearl bearing bivalve species were identified in the coast with a salinity of 18-34 ppt, pH 8.1-8.3 and water depth ranged 0.2-2.0 meter in their habitat. From the collected bivalves, most abundant oyster species windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) was reared in fiber glass tanks with seawater for a period of 6 months. During rearing highest survival rate of 88% was observed in T1 with sandy and gravel substratum and lowest survival rate of 78% was found in T2 with muddy substratum. Average temperature and salinity were varied between 24 °C-25 °C and 21-26 ppt respectively. From the reared oyster, highest 54 nos. small pearls in the month of April and lowest 7 pearls in December from a single P. placenta were obtained. The study proved that pearls can be obtained from the marine oysters in captivity in Bangladesh, and this offers large scale culture potentialities in our coast.
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Rahman, Md Ataur, Mohammed Rashed Parvej, Md Harunor Rashid, and Md Enamul Hoq. "Availability of pearl producing marine bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities." Journal of Fisheries 3, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.105.
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The present study was conducted during September 2014 to July 2015 to identify the pearl bearing bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities of marine oyster in captivity based on field investigation. A total of 7 pearl bearing bivalve species were identified in the coast with a salinity of 18-34 ppt, pH 8.1-8.3 and water depth ranged 0.2-2.0 meter in their habitat. From the collected bivalves, most abundant oyster species windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) was reared in fiber glass tanks with seawater for a period of 6 months. During rearing highest survival rate of 88% was observed in T1 with sandy and gravel substratum and lowest survival rate of 78% was found in T2 with muddy substratum. Average temperature and salinity were varied between 24 °C-25 °C and 21-26 ppt respectively. From the reared oyster, highest 54 nos. small pearls in the month of April and lowest 7 pearls in December from a single P. placenta were obtained. The study proved that pearls can be obtained from the marine oysters in captivity in Bangladesh, and this offers large scale culture potentialities in our coast.
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ANTIT, M., A. DAOULATLI, J. L. RUEDA, and C. SALAS. "Temporal variation of the algae-associated molluscan assemblage of artificial substrata in Bay of Tunis (Tunisia)." Mediterranean Marine Science 14, no. 2 (July 2, 2013): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.379.
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The molluscan assemblage inhabiting the photophilous algae from artificial rocky shores in theBay of Tunis) was studied from February 2009 to February 2010. Five monthly replicates were taken with a quadrat of 25 × 25 cm .. A total of 16105 individuals of molluscs, belonging to 93 species, were collected. Gastropods were the most species-rich group, with 66 species (70.96%), followed by bivalves with 26 species (27.95%). Gastropods were also the most abundant with 11529 individuals (71.60%), followed by bivalves with 4575 individuals (28.41%). Nevertheless,Mytilaster minimus was the dominant species overall during the studied period (15.6% of total abundance), followed by Tricolia miniata (11.6%), Bittium reticulatum (11.5%), Gibbula racketti (10.4%) and Rissoa similis (9.8%). The high abundance of juveniles of soft (e.g. Venerupis aurea, Nassarius corniculum) and hard bottom species (e.g. M. minimus, Fissurella nubecula) point out the important role of this habitat as nursery for species from nearby located habitats. The presence of the alien molluscs Mitrella psilla (2.5% dominance) and Arcuatula senhousia highlights the importance of algae as vehicle and/or receptor habitat for alien species. Species richness and abundance displayed significant seasonal changes, with maxima in winter 2009, but the Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed similar values throughout the year. Multivariate analyses also indicated the presence of significant seasonal differences of this molluscan assemblage.
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Liljedahl, Louis. "The Silurian Ilionia prisca, oldest known deep-burrowing suspension-feeding bivalve." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 2 (March 1992): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033722.
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The type material of Ilionia prisca (Hisinger) is redescribed. This species shows several basic morphological characteristics typical of Recent Lucinacea, including an anteriorly expanded shell with conspicuous diagonal sulci, a hypertrophied anterior adductor muscle scar, and a nonsinuate pallial line. It is believed to have been a suspension feeder provided with a posterior exhalant siphon and capable of forming an anterior inhalant mucus tube in the sediment. Ilionia prisca lived in a habitat unfavorable for most other bivalves, deeply buried in a soft, oxygen-poor and sulphur-rich mud, in which it oriented itself obliquely against the direction of water movement. Probably it lived in symbiosis with chemoautotrophic bacteria. It is suggested that Ilionia prisca is the oldest known deep-burrowing suspension-feeding bivalve.
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Nürnberg, Sabine, and Martin Aberhan. "Habitat breadth and geographic range predict diversity dynamics in marine Mesozoic bivalves." Paleobiology 39, no. 3 (2013): 360–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12047.
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Numerous environmental and intrinsic biotic factors have been sought to explain patterns in diversity and turnover. Using taxonomically vetted and sampling-standardized data sets of more than 50,000 taxonomic occurrences in the Paleobiology Database (PaleoDB) we tested whether habitat breadth predicts genus durations and diversity dynamics of marine Mesozoic bivalves, and whether this effect is independent of the well-known positive relationship between geographic range and longevity. We defined the habitat breadth of a genus as a function of its realized ranges in water depth, substrate type, and grain size of the substrate. Our analysis showed that mean values of extinction and origination rates are significantly higher for narrowly adapted genera compared to broadly adapted genera, with differences being evident in all analyzed stratigraphic intervals. Linear models showed that both geographic range and habitat breadth have an independent effect on genus durations and on diversity dynamics. These results reaffirm the role of geographic range and furthermore suggest that habitat breadth is an equally important key predictor of extinction risk and origination probability in Mesozoic marine bivalves. Habitat generalists, regardless of their geographic range, are generally less prone to extinction. Conversely, widely distributed genera that are more specialized may be more endangered than one would expect from their geographic range alone. Extinction rates tend to be higher for specialized genera in both background and mass extinctions, suggesting that wide habitat breadth universally buffers against extinction. The trajectories of origination rates through time differ from those of extinction rates. Whereas there is no pronounced ecological selectivity in origination in the Triassic and most of the Jurassic, Cretaceous origination rates are higher for specialized genera. This may best be explained by diversity-dependence. When diversity levels reach a critical point a further increase in diversity is achieved by elevated origination rates of more specialized forms.
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Oliver, P. Graham, Hege Vestheim, André Antunes, and Stein Kaartvedt. "Systematics, functional morphology and distribution of a bivalve (Apachecorbula muriatica gen. et sp. nov.) from the rim of the ‘Valdivia Deep’ brine pool in the Red Sea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95, no. 3 (November 11, 2014): 523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414001234.
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The deep brine pools of the Red Sea comprise extreme, inhospitable habitats yet house microbial communities that potentially may fuel adjacent fauna. We here describe a novel bivalve from a deep-sea (1525 m) brine pool in the Red Sea, where conditions of high salinity, lowered pH, partial anoxia and high temperatures are prevalent. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) footage showed that the bivalves were present in a narrow (20 cm) band along the rim of the brine pool, suggesting that it is not only tolerant of such extreme conditions but is also limited to them. The bivalve is a member of the Corbulidae and named Apachecorbula muriatica gen. et sp. nov. The shell is atypical of the family in being modioliform and thin. The semi-infaunal habit is seen in ROV images and reflected in the anatomy by the lack of siphons. The ctenidia are large and typical of a suspension feeding bivalve, but the absence of ‘guard cilia’ and the greatly reduced labial palps suggest that it is non-selective as a response to low food availability. It is proposed that the low body mass observed is a consequence of the extreme habitat and low food availability. It is postulated that the observed morphology of Apachecorbula is a result of paedomorphosis driven by the effects of the extreme environment on growth but is in part mitigated by the absence of high predation pressures.
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Istomina, Aleksandra, Olesya Yelovskaya, Viktor Chelomin, Alexander Karpenko, and Aleksandr Zvyagintsev. "Antioxidant activity of Far Eastern bivalves in their natural habitat." Marine Environmental Research 169 (July 2021): 105383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105383.
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Barrell, Jeffrey, and Jon Grant. "High-resolution, low-altitude aerial photography in physical geography." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 39, no. 4 (May 5, 2015): 440–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133315578943.
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Intertidal landscapes are highly complex and dynamic habitats that exhibit variability over a range of spatial and temporal scales. The spatial arrangement of structure-forming biogenic features such as seagrasses and bivalves influences ecosystem function and the provision of important ecosystem services, though quantification and monitoring of intertidal landscape structure has been hindered by challenges collecting spatial data in the coastal zone. In this study, an intertidal landscape mosaic of eelgrass ( Zostera marina) and blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis) was observed using low-altitude aerial photography from a balloon-mounted digital camera platform. Imagery representing seagrass-bivalve landscape structure was classified and analysed using multiple metrics of landscape composition and configuration at the patch scale and the landscape scale. Patch-scale imagery was compared to a previously collected dataset in order to track temporal changes in seagrass patch metrics over a 26-month period. Seagrass and bivalve patches exhibited distinct spatial patterning at different spatial scales. At the patch scale, the change in seagrass metrics was consistent with patch border expansion at the expense of patch density and integrity. These methods demonstrate a novel approach for collecting high-resolution spatial data that could also be valuable to physical geographers dealing with similar fine-scale landscapes. The application of spatial metrics at multiple spatial scales quantified elements of the configuration and composition of a seagrass-bivalve habitat mosaic and allowed for the tracking of patch metrics through time to depict landscape change. Continued development of landscape metrics within intertidal habitats will increase understanding of the ecological function of these areas with benefits to management and monitoring of ecosystem health.
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Zhang, Di, Wensheng Wang, Martin Gade, and Huihui Zhou. "TENet: A Texture-Enhanced Network for Intertidal Sediment and Habitat Classification in Multiband PolSAR Images." Remote Sensing 16, no. 6 (March 10, 2024): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16060972.
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This paper proposes a texture-enhanced network (TENet) for intertidal sediment and habitat classification using multiband multipolarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The architecture introduces the texture enhancement module (TEM) into the UNet framework to explicitly learn global texture information from SAR images. The study sites are chosen from the northern part of the intertidal zones in the German Wadden Sea. Results show that the presented TENet model is able to detail the intertidal surface types, including land, seagrass, bivalves, bright sands/beach, water, sediments, and thin coverage of vegetation or bivalves. To further assess its performance, we quantitatively compared our results from the TENet model with different instance segmentation models for the same areas of interest. The TENet model gives finer classification accuracies and shows great potential in providing more precise locations.
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Rivera, C. G., and N. E. González. "NUEVOS REGISTROS DE MOLUSCOS MARINOS DE EL SALVADOR, AMÉRICA CENTRAL." CICIMAR Oceánides 24, no. 1 (June 4, 2009): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v24i1.51.
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Se presentan 27 especies de moluscos marinos de nuevo registro para El Salvador en la costa Pacífica de América Central. El listado incluye 112 individuos pertenecientes a 11 especies de bivalvos y 16 especies de gasterópodos recolectados con un nucleador manual durante una investigación del macrobentos desarrollada entre febrero y julio de 2005 en el Estero El Tamarindo. Se incluye información del hábitat y comentarios para todas las especies. New Records of marine mollusks from El Salvador, Central America New records of 27 species of marine mollusks from the Pacific coast of El Salvador (central America) are presented. The checklist includes 112 individuals of 11 bivalves and 16 gastropods species from El Tamarindo estuary. These were collected with a hand box-corer during an expedition on macrobenthos research between February and July, 2005. Habitat and relevant observations of each species are provided.
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Rivera, C. G., and N. E. González. "NUEVOS REGISTROS DE MOLUSCOS MARINOS DE EL SALVADOR, AMÉRICA CENTRAL." CICIMAR Oceánides 24, no. 1 (June 4, 2009): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v24i1.51.
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Se presentan 27 especies de moluscos marinos de nuevo registro para El Salvador en la costa Pacífica de América Central. El listado incluye 112 individuos pertenecientes a 11 especies de bivalvos y 16 especies de gasterópodos recolectados con un nucleador manual durante una investigación del macrobentos desarrollada entre febrero y julio de 2005 en el Estero El Tamarindo. Se incluye información del hábitat y comentarios para todas las especies. New Records of marine mollusks from El Salvador, Central America New records of 27 species of marine mollusks from the Pacific coast of El Salvador (central America) are presented. The checklist includes 112 individuals of 11 bivalves and 16 gastropods species from El Tamarindo estuary. These were collected with a hand box-corer during an expedition on macrobenthos research between February and July, 2005. Habitat and relevant observations of each species are provided.
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Thomann, Robert V., and Lewis C. Linker. "Contemporary issues in watershed and water quality modeling for eutrophication control." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 3 (February 1, 1998): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0183.
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Three issues are discussed: controllability of nonpoint nutrient loadings using watershed models; the sometimes counter intuitive results from eutrophication models from nutrient controls for coastal waters; and the potential significant interaction of improvement in habitat for suspension feeding bivalves. For the Chesapeake Bay watershed model, and for Limit of Technology (LOT) controls, a 16% and 45% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, is calculated. For the Bay, it is concluded that removal of phosphorus only is less effective than nitrogen in improving bottom water DO because of differential transport of nitrogen downstream. For the Delaware estuary, a significant decline in phytoplankton chlorophyll has been observed in the absence of any nutrient controls but in the presence of improved DO. A simple model is offered that hypothesized an increase in benthic bivalve filtration of overlying water as a result of improvement in DO.
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Zenetos, Argyro, Evi Vardala-Theodorou, and Catherine Alexandrakis. "Update of the marine Bivalvia Mollusca checklist in Greek waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 85, no. 4 (June 27, 2005): 993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315405012014.
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Species of marine bivalve molluscs identified in the last nine years in the Greek waters have been used to update the checklist published in 1996 (Fauna Graeciae VII) by inserting necessary changes and adding new records. The updated version includes 13 new species among which three are exotics (non-Mediterranean species), five rare, two new deep sea and one previously considered a fossil species. Also, as a result of new resources, the distributions of pre-existing native molluscs have been updated to include new habitat areas. The nomenclature is also up to date based on the CLEMAM Database. Thus five species are now excluded either because they are junior synonyms of pre-existing valid species (2) or because of old spurious records (3 species). Additions and corrections of the 1996 checklist have resulted in a total of 308 bivalves in Greek waters.
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Neverova, N. V., and A. V. Chupakov. "Estimation of hydrocarbon accumulation by hydrobionts in the estuary of the Northern Dvina River." Marine Biological Journal 3, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2018.03.3.04.
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The article contains the results of the research of the content of a mass fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom layer of water as well as in sediment and tissues of bivalves sampled in the estuarial of the Northern Dvina River during 2009–2016 in the seasons of the highest filtration activity of mollusks. Accumulation levels of petroleum hydrocarbons in water, sediments and tissues of bivalves in the Northern Dvina estuary were estimated. Dependence between petroleum hydrocarbons accumulation level in bivalves’ tissues and pollution level of their habitat was studied. Quantitation of petroleum hydrocarbons content in the tissues of bivalves, in the bottom layer of water and sediments was carried out by fluorometric method. It is found that the mass fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in the tissues of bivalves didn’t exceed the level for relatively clean water in all studied areas of the river. Considering the mass fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in bottom sediments of the Northern Dvina estuary, it can be attributed mostly to the uncontaminated and slightly contaminated areas, except for local areas of the river within the city limits. In the bottom layer of water in the studied region, the content of the mass fraction of the petroleum hydrocarbons exceeds the state standards in some sampling points. It is concluded that further comprehensive analysis of biotic and abiotic factors is needed to study complex environmental gradients.
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Latuihamallo, Aneke. "KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN KEPADATAN BIVALVIA DIPERAIRAN PANTAI DUSUN TANJUNG METIELLA NEGERI LIANG KECAMATAN SALAHUTU." BIOPENDIX: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan 4, no. 1 (October 7, 2017): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol4issue1page17-21.
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Background: Ecologically, marine waters are divided into several zones, one of which is intertidal waters, where various types have adapted well to habitat conditions in various zones and types of ecosystems. The existence of bivalves plays an important role in the lives of fish and other biota that are bound to one food chain.
Method: This research is a descriptive research that is to express descriptive information about bivalves in the waters of Metiella Cape. This study uses data collection techniques using the line transect method where each observation transect is drawn by a rope perpendicular to the coastline of 5 transects with a distance between each transect of 20 meters. As long as the transect is made of sample plots or quadrants with an area of 1 m X 1 m with a distance between each of the 5 meter quadrants, observation of the type of bivalvia is carried out in each quadrant.
Results: The composition of Bivalvia found in Metiella Cape waters is 282 individuals classified in 2 sub-orders, 5 super families, 5 families, 7 genera, 8 species, namely: Pinna muricatta, Trachycardium rugosum, Fragum unedo, Mactra violacea, Tellina spengleri, Tellina timorensis, Gafrarium tumidum, Meretrix linnaeus.
Conclusion: In the waters of Metiella Cape, 8 types of Bivalvia were found, namely: Fragum unedo, Trachycardium rugosum, Mactra violacea, Tellina spengleri, Tellina timorensis, Pinna muricata, Gafrarium tumidum and Meretrix linnaeus. The highest density value is found in transect II with a density value of 5.8 ind / m2 found in the type of Fredoum unedo and the lowest density value found on transect III with a density value of 0.2ind / m2 found in Mactra violacea.
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Wahyuni, Inda, Didik Santoso, and I. Putu Artayasa. "The Structure of Bivalvian Community in The Coast of Elak Elak Beach, West Sekotong, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara As An Enrichment of Invertebrate Animal Material for Senior High School Students." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 22, no. 3 (August 29, 2022): 840–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v22i3.3905.
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Elak elak beach has a sea and a coast with a substrate texture that is very suitable as a habitat for Mollusca including bivalves. Bivalves have many roles for the environment, especially in providing food for various other species in the food chain and can be used to determine water quality. This study aims to determine the community structure and distribution pattern of bivalves in Elak Elak Beach and to see student responses to booklets. The method used in this research is the line transect and quadratic method. The results of the study of the bivalves class molluscs found in the Elak Elak Coastal Coast consisted of 11 species belonging to 7 families. The species consists of Anadara gubernaculum, Anadara granosa, Gafrarium dispar, Glycymeris pectunculus, Liconcha ornata, Lucinoma heroica, Mactra grandis, Mactra nitida, Mactra ornata, Donax faba and Trachycardium flavum. The relative abundance reaches 40% where the highest abundance of bivalves is species Mactra grandis with a relative abundance value of 39.39%. The categories of diversity (H') are medium and uniformity (E) is high, and inversely proportional to the dominance value (C) is low. The structure of the bivalves community based on abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance that has been studied shows the condition of the West Sekotong Elak Elak Beach, West Lombok district, it can be concluded that the community structure is still in normal condition. The distribution pattern of Bivalves on Elak Elak Beach, West Sekotong is divided into 2 types, namely there are uniform and clustered which are seen based on the calculated value of the Morisita dispersion index. Students' responses to booklets are that students respond very well and students are also very positive in responding to booklets as material enrichment about invertebrate animals for senior high school students.
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HASEGAWA, HIROSHI. "DESIGN OF DETACHED SUBMERGED BREAKWATER TO IMPROVE HABITAT ENVIRONMENT OF BIVALVES." PROCEEDINGS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE OCEAN 13 (1997): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prooe.13.273.
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Allen, Daniel C., and Caryn C. Vaughn. "Density-dependent biodiversity effects on physical habitat modification by freshwater bivalves." Ecology 92, no. 5 (May 2011): 1013–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-0219.1.
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Bierne, N., P. David, A. Langlade, and F. Bonhomme. "Can habitat specialisation maintain a mosaic hybrid zone in marine bivalves?" Marine Ecology Progress Series 245 (2002): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps245157.
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Hadi, Mehdi, Majid Mirzaie Ataabadi, Jafar Sharifi, Mohammad Parandavar, Zoila Graciela Castillo-Rodríguez, Francisco A. Vega-Sandoval, and Francisco J. Vega. "Late Miocene mollusks from the Dar Pahn Unit, Makran, SE Iran." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 76, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): A091223. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2024v76n1a091223.
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Diverse, abundant and well-preserved mollusk fauna are here reported for the first time from the eastern coast Makram area, where Upper Miocene (Tortonian) sediments of the Dar Pahn Unit crop out, representing shoreface tidal influenced deposits composed mainly of ligh-gray marls. Multiple articulated bivalves and completely preserved the gastropod and bivalve shells indicate little or no transport at all from the original habitat of the mollusk assemblage. A total of 313 specimens, from which 271 correspond to gastropods, were identified only at generic level, since the purpose of this contribution is to offer an introduction to this exceptionally well-preserved mollusk assemblage. Previous studies of the area include detailed nannoplankton biostratigraphy and the report of a balaenopterid cetacean. Future studies include the detailed identification of the specimens, along with sediment analysis in order to find protoconchs and offer an extended version of this introductory report.
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Peraza-Escarrá, Rosely, Maickel Armenteros, Raúl Fernández-Garcés, and Adolfo Gracia. "Taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of mollusk death assemblages in coral reef and seagrass sediments from two shallow gulfs in Western Cuban Archipelago." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (May 14, 2024): e0303539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303539.
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Mollusk death assemblages are formed by shell remnants deposited in the surficial mixed layer of the seabed. Diversity patterns in tropical marine habitats still are understudied; therefore, we aimed to investigate the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of mollusk death assemblages at regional and local scales in coral reef sands and seagrass meadows. We collected sediment samples at 11 sites within two shallow gulfs in the Northwestern Caribbean Sea and Southeastern Gulf of Mexico. All the shells were counted and identified to species level and classified into biological traits. We identified 7113 individuals belonging to 393 species (290 gastropods, 94 bivalves, and nine scaphopods). Diversity and assemblage structure showed many similarities between gulfs given their geological and biogeographical commonalities. Reef sands had higher richness than seagrasses likely because of a more favorable balance productivity-disturbance. Reef sands were dominated by epifaunal herbivores likely feeding on microphytobenthos and bysally attached bivalves adapted to intense hydrodynamic regime. In seagrass meadows, suspension feeders dominated in exposed sites and chemosynthetic infaunal bivalves dominated where oxygen replenishment was limited. Time averaging of death assemblages was likely in the order of 100 years, with stronger effects in reef sands compared to seagrass meadows. Our research provides evidence of the high taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of mollusk death assemblages in tropical coastal sediments as result of the influence of scale-related processes and habitat type. Our study highlights the convenience of including phylogenetic and functional traits, as well as dead shells, for a more complete assessment of mollusk biodiversity.
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Husain, Pahmi, Agil Al Idrus, and Muhammad Shohibul Ihsan. "The ecosystem services of mangroves for sustainable coastal area and marine fauna in Lombok, Indonesia: A review." JURNAL INOVASI PENDIDIKAN DAN SAINS 1, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51673/jips.v1i1.223.
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Abstract: Mangroves are one of the coastal ecosystems with high productivity, and their associated biodiversity provides a range of ecosystem services. The aerial roots of mangroves partly stabilize this environment and give a substratum on which many species of plants and animals live. Above the water, the mangrove trees and canopy provide important habitat for a wide range of species. These include birds, insects, mammals, and reptiles. Below the water, the mangrove roots are overgrown by epibionts such as tunicates, sponges, algae, and bivalves. The soft substratum in the mangroves forms a habitat for various infaunal and epifaunal species. At the same time, the space between roots provides shelter and food for motile fauna, such as prawns, crabs, and fishes. Mangrove litter is transformed into detritus, which partly supports the mangrove food web. Plankton, epiphytic algae, and microphytobenthos also form an essential basis for the mangrove food web. Due to the high abundance of food and shelter, and low predation pressure, mangroves form an ideal habitat for a variety of animal species, during part or all of their life cycles. As such, mangroves may function as nursery habitats for (commercially important) crab, prawn and fish species, and support offshore fish populations and fisheries.
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Norris, Richard D. "Recognition and Macroevolutionary Significance of Photosymbiosis in Molluscs, Corals, and Foraminifera." Paleontological Society Papers 4 (October 1998): 68–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000401.
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Symbiotic relationships are common between algae and diverse lineages of corals, planktic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera, and bivalves as well as in many other groups that do not leave an extensive fossil record. Ancient photosymbioses can be inferred using various lines of inference including the morphology of the host, its habitat, rates of calcification, (which tend to be high in many photosymbiotic taxa), and the geochemistry of the host's shell. This survey shows that stable isotopes are reliable means of identification of photosymbioses in corals and planktic foraminifera, but are far less reliable in benthic foraminifera and bivalves. Organisms that increase their symbiont density proportionate to their own growth display a steep rise in shell δ13C, while organisms whose own growth exceeds that of their symbiont population display a far smaller effect on shell δ13C.
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Glaspie, CN, and RD Seitz. "Role of habitat and predators in maintaining functional diversity of estuarine bivalves." Marine Ecology Progress Series 570 (April 27, 2017): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps12103.
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Batista, Allan Torrecilla, and Tatiana Silva Leite. "Octopus insularis (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) on the tropical coast of Brazil: where it lives and what it eats." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 64, no. 4 (December 2016): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592016123406404.
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Abstract Octopus insularis is the dominant octopus in the shallow tropical waters of the coast and oceanic islands in the North and Northeast of Brazil. Is the abundance, distribution, habitat and diet of this species on the continent the same as in oceanic islands? These factors were evaluated in seeking these answers at two areas of occurrence of Octopus insularis on the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Three main types of habitats were described where the species is concentrated, being: Deep Reefs (Reefs of Risca) (> 15 m), Flat Biogenic Plateaus (Restingas) (5-15 m) and Shallow Sedimentary Reefs (Pirangi reefs) (< 5 m). An aggregate spatial distribution was verified, along with bathymetric segregation in which small individuals occupied shallow areas. Regarding diet, O. insularis consumed mainly crustaceans (68%) in shallow reef areas, bivalves (86%) in biogenic plateau areas, and gastropods (33%) in deep reef areas. The characterization of new occurring habitats, such as the area of biogenic plateau, and changes in their diet due to habitat function have shown that O. insularis occupies a broader niche than has been described in literature to date, expanding our knowledge on the ecology and biology of this octopus species of economic interest.
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Smith, Ru D. A., and Andrew J. Ross. "Amberground pholadid bivalve borings and inclusions in Burmese amber: implications for proximity of resin-producing forests to brackish waters, and the age of the amber." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 107, no. 2-3 (June 2016): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691017000287.
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ABSTRACTClavate (club-shaped) structures rimming mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber from Myanmar, previously misdiagnosed as fungal sporocarps, are shown to be domichnia (crypts) of martesiine bivalves (Pholadidae: Martesiinae). They are similar in form to Teredolites clavatus Leymerie, 1842 and Gastrochaenolites lapidicus Kelly & Bromley, 1984; however, the former identification is preferable, given that they are martesiine crypts in amber as opposed to a lithic substrate. Cross-cutting relationships between the clavate features and inclusions in the amber demonstrate that the features post-date hardening of the resin. The fills of the crypts are variable, including sand grade sediment of very fine to coarse sand grainsize, and sparry calcite cements. In some cases, the articulated valves of the pholadid bivalve responsible are visible inside the borings. However, one remarkable specimen contains two pairs of articulated shells ‘floating’ in amber, not associated with crypts; an observation that suggests that the resin was still liquid or soft when the bivalves were trapped in the resin. One individual is associated with an irregular sediment-filled feature and shows shell breakage. Formation of a solid rim around a liquid central volume has been documented in subaqueous bodies of resin in modern swamp forests, and argues for a close proximity between the amber-producing trees and a brackish water habitat for the bivalves. The presence of pyrite as thin films and crystal groups within Burmese amber is further consistent with such a depositional environment. Comparison of the size of pholadid body fossils with growth rates of modern equivalents allows the duration of boring activities to be estimated and suggests that small fossil pholadids in Burmese amber became trapped and died within 1–2 weeks of having settled on the resin. Larger examples present within well-formed domichnia formed in hardened resin. Since ‘hardground’ describes early lithified sediment as a substrate and ‘woodground’ describes wood as a substrate, the term ‘amberground’ is used here to described borings in an amber substrate.
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Munari, Cristina. "Organism responses to habitat fragmentation in two shallow-water brackish environments: the Goro Lagoon (Adriatic Sea) and the Padrongiano Delta (Tyrrhenian Sea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 7 (July 29, 2008): 1309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001896.
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Habitat fragmentation from natural or human-mediated causes is a common phenomenon in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In this study, the effects of varying the size of habitat patches on the abundance of benthic invertebrates inhabiting date mussel (Musculista senhousia) patches was studied at two different transition environments, the Goro Lagoon (Adriatic Sea) and the Padrongiano Delta (Tyrrhenian Sea). Benthic fauna responded to habitat patchiness in a complex manner that varied according to habitat type, taxon and animal body size (small: 0.5–2.0 mm; large >2 mm). Small invertebrates were mostly polychaetes, nemertea, amphipods and isopods. Large invertebrates were mostly large polychaetes, bivalves, gastropods and crabs. Invertebrate population size and diversity seemed to be maximized in landscapes that include both small and large patches of mussel beds ‘embedded’ in a continuous matrix. Musculista senhousia patches served as a critical refuge and foraging habitat for many species. Patchy and continuous areas may promote the persistence of organisms with different life histories, especially in environments like those studied where mussel patches represent the only structural refuge available.
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Wishnu, Narendra Prasidya, Retno Hartati, Jusup Suprijanto, Nirwani Soenardjo, and Gunawan Widi Santosa. "Komunitas Makrozoobentos pada Substrat Dasar Lunak Di Muara Sungai Wulan, Demak." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i1.27431.
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Muara Sungai Wulan yang terletak di Pantai Demak, Jawa Tengah,merupakan habitat yang baik bagi komunitas makrozoobentos. Habitat tersebutdicirikan dengan sedimen pasir, lanau dan lempung, karena pada beberapa tempat merupakan substrat dasar lunak yang didominasi oleh sedimen lanau. Identifikasi jenis makrozoobentos dan analisis keanekaragamannya penting untuk menentukan kondisi ekosistem substrat lunak tersebut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan mengetahui struktur komunitas makrozoobentos pada substrat lunak di perairan Delta Wulan, Demak. Metode survei eksploratif diaplikasikan pada penelitian ini dan purposive random sampling dilakukan pada saat mengambil sample sedimen pada12 titik penelitian dengan menggunakan van veen grab sampler. Analisa makrozobentos dan ukuran butir dilakukan terhadap sampel sedimen. Penelitian menemukan 24 spesies makrozoobentos yang termasuk dalam 4 filum, yaitu Arthropoda, Cnidaria, Echinodermata dan Moluska. Titik 5 adalah titik dengan nilai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman tertinggi adalah Anadara. Terdapat dominansi 4 species yang berbeda disemua titik pengambilan sampel, yaitu Anadara sp., Paphia sp., Cominella sp. dan Gemmula sp. Sedimen pada daerah penelitian termasuk klasifikasi lanau komposisi pasir 2,5-22,14%, lanau 67,82-94,79% dan lempung 0-22,86% serta kandungan bahan organik total yang dikategorikan rendah-sedang dengan nilai berkisar 3,0-14,83%. Adanya dominasi jenis tersebut, maka substrat lunak merupakan habitat yang baik untuk moluska, khususnya bivalvia, sehingga daerah tersebut menjadi tempat penangkapan kerang. Wulan estuary, located in Demak regency, Central Java, is a suitable habitat for the macrozoobenthos community. The habitat is characterized by sand, silt, and clay sediments, which in some places are soft substrates dominated by silt sediments. Identification of macrozoobenthos types and diversity analysis is important to determine the condition of the soft substrate ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to identify species and determine the structure of the macrozoobenthos community on soft substrates in the waters of Delta Wulan, Demak. Explorative survey method was applied in this study while purposive random sampling was carried out to collect the sediment samples at 12 research stations using a Van Veen grab sampler. Macrozoobenthos and grain size analyzes were performed used the sediment samples obtained. The study found 24 species of macrozoobenthos, which included 4 phyla, namely Arthropods, Cnidaria, Echinoderms and Molluscs. Station 5 has the highest value of abundance and diversity Anadara. Four different genera are dominant at all sampling points, namely Anadara sp., Paphia sp., Cominella sp., and Gemmula sp. Sediments in the study area included silt classification in which the composition of sand 2,5-22,14%, the silt of 67,82-94,79%, and loam of 0-22,86% and total organic matter content which was categorized as low-moderate with values ranging from 3,0-14,83%. The dominance evidence in this estuary concluded that soft substrate is a suitable habitat for mollusks, primarily bivalves; therefore this was the capture area of bivalve.
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KNEER, DOMINIK, FRANCOISE MONNIOT, THOMAS STACH, and MARJOLIJN J. A. CHRISTIANEN. "Ascidia subterranea sp. nov. (Phlebobranchia: Ascidiidae), a new tunicate belonging to the A. sydneiensis Stimpson, 1855 group, found as burrow associate of Axiopsis serratifrons A. Milne-Edwards, 1873 (Decapoda: Axiidae) on Derawan Island, Indonesia." Zootaxa 3616, no. 5 (February 22, 2013): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.5.5.
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A new tunicate, Ascidia subterranea sp. nov., was found in burrows of the axiid crustacean Axiopsis serratifrons on De-rawan Island, Indonesia. It differs from other ascidians in its habitat as well as numerous morphological peculiarities which are described in detail. The shrimp Rostronia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952 was found inside A. subterranea sp. nov., and 4 species of bivalves, 3 species of polychaetes, 1 gastropod, 1 polyplacophoran and 1 sponge species were found as burrow associates besides the ascidian.
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Anderson, T. F., B. N. Popp, L. Z. HO, and A. C. Williams. "The carbon and oxygen isotopic records of fossils from the Lower Oxford Clay." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005670.
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The excellent preservation of calcareous invertebrates and phosphatic vertebrates in the Lower Oxford Clay provides a good opportunity for paleooceanographic reconstruction based on stable isotopic abundances. We present here our initial results and interpretations on carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses on fossils of different depth habitats. Benthic fossils include epifaunal oysters and infaunal nuculacean bivalves. We also analyzed “pendant” bivalves whose depth habitat is uncertain. Fossil nekton are represented by ammonites and belemnites. Organisms that inhabited the uppermost part of the water column are represented by marine reptiles, such as icthyosaurs and plesiosaurs, and probable pelagic fish.The oxygen isotopic compositions of calcareous benthos and nekton overlap substantially (δ180 = −2 to +1 permil vs. PDB). The wide scatter in δ180 values probably reflects physiological (non-equilibrium) effects in calcification rather than paleoenvironmental variations. Mean δ180 values for oysters, pendant bivalves, and belemnites (all calcitic) and nuculacean bivalves (aragonitic) correspond to precipitation at isotopic equilibrium with non-glacial seawater at temperatures of 15°-18°. The mean isotopic paleotemperature for ammonites (aragonitic) is slightly higher (20°) but is probably not significantly different from those for other calcareous macro-invertebrates. Preliminary oxygen isotopic results on phosphate extracted from bones, teeth, and gill rays correspond to paleotemperatures of 20°–25°.Carbon isotopic results are limited to data from calcareous benthos and nekton. δ 13C values for individual taxa are quite variable (+2 to +5 permil for aragonitic fossils, 0 to +3 permil for calcitic fossils), suggesting physiological isotope effects. Nonetheless, mean δ 13C values are consistent with calcification in seawater having a carbon isotopic composition similar to that of modern average seawater. The presumably high flux of 13C-depleted CO2 into bottom waters from the diagenesis of sedimentary organic matter is not recorded in the carbon isotopic composition of benthic fossils.Thermal stratification implied by the oxygen isotopic record suggests the penetration of cool, nutrient-rich waters into the Lower Oxford Clay sea. Upward advection of deep waters together with runoff from adjacent landmasses must have provided sufficient nutrients to maintain the inferred high productivity of surface waters. The influence of productivity on the carbon isotopic composition of surface waters will be tested by the analysis of calcareous phytoplankton.