Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bivalve

Academic literature on the topic 'Bivalve'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Bivalve"

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Schneider, Jay A. "Bivalve systematics during the 20th century." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 6 (November 2001): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000017170.

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Over the past 75 years, the higher-level taxonomy of bivalves has received less attention than that of their fellow molluscs, gastropods. The publication of the bivalve volumes of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology in 1969 was not followed by an explosion of study into the evolution of bivalves; rather, with only one or two exceptions, bivalve workers were noticeably absent from the cladistic and molecular revolutions that were taking place during the 1970s and 1980s, even as gastropods received considerable attention. Over the past ten years, cladistics and molecular systematics have begun to be applied to solve problems of bivalve evolutionary biology. These studies, most of which have been undertaken by paleontologists, have halted the stagnation in bivalve systematics. Bivalve systematics looks to have an exciting future, as the excellent fossil record of the Bivalvia will be used in conjunction with cladistics and molecular systematics to solve problems in not just bivalve evolution but evolutionary biology in general.
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Utari, Enggar, Hartanto Sanjaya, Mahrawi Mahrawi, Indria Wahyuni, Pipit Marianingsih, and Ita Nurlaita. "Mangrove Land Mapping and the Potential for Bivalve Diversity with Remote Sensing in the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve (As an Initial Study for the Development of Class X High School Ecosystem Biology Subconcept Learning Devices)." Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2023): 2384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v7i2.6639.

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Bivalvia is an invertebrate animal that has a high level of diversity and a marine biological resource that has significant economic value. This research was conducted in November 2021, aiming to determine bivalve diversity, mapping of manrove land and the potential for bivalve diversity, the relationship between the results of analysis of the presence of water on bivalves diversity in the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve and the implications of research results in the field of education. The method used is the roaming method to determine bivalves diversity and remote sensing methods to map areas of potential bivalve diversity in Pulau Dua Nature Reserve. The results of observations found that the diversity of bivalves in Pulau Dua Nature Reserve was included in the medium diversity category with a value of 1.085. The results of the relationship between bivalve diversity and MNDWI are classified as having a strong relationship, namely the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.668. In the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve, it was found that areas with a high potential for bivalve diversity were found at coordinates 106.198956 6.018374. The results of this research were then carried out to analyze the material at KD 3.10 and KD 4.10 for class X SMA at school.
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MARIN, IVAN, and GUSTAV PAULAY. "Pinnotherotonia rumphiusi gen. et sp. nov., a new furry bivalve-associated pontoniine shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Palau." Zootaxa 2636, no. 1 (October 5, 2010): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2636.1.3.

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A new genus and species of a furry, bivalve–associated pontoniine shrimp is described from Palau. This is the second pontoniine shrimp known to be associated with bivalves burrowing into soft bottom, and the first record of a venus clam (Bivalvia, Veneridae) as host for caridean shrimps.
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Zani, Rahma, Afrizal Tanjung, and Elizal Elizal. "BIVALVE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF PASUMPAHAN ISLAND PADANG CITY WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE." Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 6, no. 2 (August 2, 2023): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.6.2.168-173.

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Bivalvia is a class of the Mollusca phylum. Bivalvia is also known as Pelecypoda and Lamellibrankhiata. Bivalvia occupies an area of the intertidal zone, one of which is in the intertidal zone of Pasumpahan Island. But information about bivalves in the area does not exist. To know/understand information about the density and distribution pattern of bivalves on Pasumpahan Island, this research was conducted in January 2022. The sampling area was in the intertidal zone of Pasumpahan Island. Sampling was carried out at three stations, each station was divided into three transects. Bivalve sampling was carried out using a 1 x 1mm sieve. The movement of bivalves to the gravel substrate is very fast to avoid splashing waves. Bivalves samples were then identified. The density of bivalves in the intertidal zone of Pasumpahan Island ranged from 1.78-3.56 Ind/m2. Station 2 has a higher density of bivalves, namely 3.56 Ind/m2, the calculation of bivalves in the intertidal zone of Pasumpahan Island obtained bivalves distribution pattern data in groups
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Suheriyanto, D., E. A. Ningtyas, and R. Susilowati. "The relationship between mangroves and bivalves abundance in Cengkrong Beach, Trenggalek Regency." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1312, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1312/1/012003.

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Abstract Cengkrong Beach in Trenggalek Regency has extensive mangrove forest. Mangrove forests play an important role in maintaining aquatic productivity and supporting people’s lives. Bivalve is one of the biota that lives in mangroves and is used by the people around the mangrove forest. The research aims to identify mangroves and bivalves, analyze the abundance of mangroves and bivalves, and determine the relationship between mangroves and bivalves. Mangrove sampling was carried out on 6 transects. Each transect was made 7 with plots measuring 10 m x 10 m with a distance of 5 m and bivalve samples were taken using a 1 m x 1 m plot with 5 plots in that plot. Research data were analyzed using PAST 4.13. The results of the study found 15 species of mangroves and 4 genera of bivalves. The highest mangrove abundance value was Rhizophora apiculata with a value of 0.0092 indiv./m2 and bivalves were of the genus Isognomon with a value of 4.138 indiv./m2. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between the mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris and the bivalve of genus Pilsbryoconcha, the mangrove Aegiceras floridum and the bivalve of genus Geloina, the mangrove Avicennia alba and the bivalve of genus Saccostrea and the mangrove R. apiculata and the bivalve of genus Isognomon.
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Ambeng, Ambeng. "Ambeng, Hazairin Zubair, Ngakan Putu Oka dan Adi Tonggiroh." International Journal of Applied Biology 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ijab.v4i1.9324.

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Community structure analysis is one way to describe and assess the environmental quality of an ecosystem. One part of environmental biotic that make up mangrove water ecosystems is bivalves. The mangrove area in the Pangkajene river estuary has become one of the bivalve habitats, which has been widely used by the community. Research on the bivalve community structure of the mangrove area in the Pangkajene river estuary was conducted in April - June 2019, which aims to get an overview and assess the environmental conditions of the mangrove area in the Pangkajene river estuary based on the bivalve community structure. The research place was divided into three stations, each station was divided into two sampling areas, and in each sampling area six sampling points were placed. Sampling was carried out using a 50 x 50 cm plot method. Community structure limits calculated include density, diversity index, uniformity, dominance, and dispersion, as well as measurement of water parameters including pH, Organic C, and substrate texture. The results showed that the composition of bivalve community types consisted of 19 species included in 12 families. The dominant type is Saccostrea sp. with a density of 15.11 ind / m2 (Cr 50.77%). The species diversity index value ranges from 0.91 - 1.91 with an average of 1.50, which indicates the level of diversity of bivalves is relatively low. The Bivalvia community uniformity index includes the unstable criteria and the level of dominance index includes the stable community criteria, with a uniform distribution pattern.
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Jannah, Raudatul, and Adam Restu. "Bivalvia Community Structure in The Poton Bako Beach Area, Jerowaru, East Lombok." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 2 (December 12, 2023): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i2.6193.

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The bivalvia class is a class within mollusca that includes all types of shellfish that have a pair of shells. The aim of this research is to determine the structure of the bivalve community in the coastal waters of Poton Bako, East Lombok. This research was conducted on the coast of Poton Bako, Jerowaru, East Lombok. This research uses a proportional sampling method with quadratic transects. This research variable includes type and bivalves. In this study, 275 individuals of bivalve species were found. The research results show that the ecological condition of Poton Bako is in the relatively good category because the level of Bivalvia diversity is moderate at 1.38 with a high evenness index of 0.60 and a low dominance index of 1.13. In this research, it is necessary to carry out further research regarding distribution patterns, exploitation rates, characteristics of pemadak, and conservation efforts.
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Bieler, Rüdiger, Paula M. Mikkelsen, Timothy M. Collins, Emily A. Glover, Vanessa L. González, Daniel L. Graf, Elizabeth M. Harper, et al. "Investigating the Bivalve Tree of Life – an exemplar-based approach combining molecular and novel morphological characters." Invertebrate Systematics 28, no. 1 (2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is13010.

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To re-evaluate the relationships of the major bivalve lineages, we amassed detailed morpho-anatomical, ultrastructural and molecular sequence data for a targeted selection of exemplar bivalves spanning the phylogenetic diversity of the class. We included molecular data for 103 bivalve species (up to five markers) and also analysed a subset of taxa with four additional nuclear protein-encoding genes. Novel as well as historically employed morphological characters were explored, and we systematically disassembled widely used descriptors such as gill and stomach ‘types’. Phylogenetic analyses, conducted using parsimony direct optimisation and probabilistic methods on static alignments (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) of the molecular data, both alone and in combination with morphological characters, offer a robust test of bivalve relationships. A calibrated phylogeny also provided insights into the tempo of bivalve evolution. Finally, an analysis of the informativeness of morphological characters showed that sperm ultrastructure characters are among the best morphological features to diagnose bivalve clades, followed by characters of the shell, including its microstructure. Our study found support for monophyly of most broadly recognised higher bivalve taxa, although support was not uniform for Protobranchia. However, monophyly of the bivalves with protobranchiate gills was the best-supported hypothesis with incremental morphological and/or molecular sequence data. Autobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Heteroconchia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Euheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia new clade ( = Euheterodonta excluding Anomalodesmata) were recovered across analyses, irrespective of data treatment or analytical framework. Another clade supported by our analyses but not formally recognised in the literature includes Palaeoheterodonta and Archiheterodonta, which emerged under multiple analytical conditions. The origin and diversification of each of these major clades is Cambrian or Ordovician, except for Archiheterodonta, which diverged from Palaeoheterodonta during the Cambrian, but diversified during the Mesozoic. Although the radiation of some lineages was shifted towards the Palaeozoic (Pteriomorphia, Anomalodesmata), or presented a gap between origin and diversification (Archiheterodonta, Unionida), Imparidentia showed steady diversification through the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic. Finally, a classification system with six major monophyletic lineages is proposed to comprise modern Bivalvia: Protobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia.
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Febrina, Mutiara, Wahyu Adi, and Arief Febrianto. "KELIMPAHAN BIVALVIA DI EKOSISTEM LAMUN PANTAI PUDING KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN." Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan 12, no. 2 (November 15, 2018): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/akuatik.v12i2.702.

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Puding Beach is administratively located in Pasir Putih Village, Tukak Sadai District, South Bangka Regency. As a coastal area, Puding Beach holds natural resource potential in both marine tourism and biota diversity. This study aims to analyze the abundance and distribution of bivalves and the seagrass beach community structure. This research was conducted in March 2018. The research method used was purposive sampling. Whereas for analysis of water quality characteristics and bivalve abundance, use main component analysis (Principle component analysis / PCA). The results showed that there were 6 species of seagrass and 7 species of bivalves at all stations. Each station I, II and III is dominated by the bivalve type Gafrarium tumidium with different seagrass species density. The highest density of seagrass species at stations I, II and III were Halodule uninervis (141 ind / m), Enhalus acoroides (7 ind / m) and Cymodocea serrulata (38 ind / m). Based on the analysis of main components can be seen the description of the condition to research location and can be seen the correlation between the existing bivalve abundance and the condition of the waters in all the research stations described in the F1-F2 factorial field. Important information on the main component axis is centered on the 2 main axes F1 (82.38%) and F2 (4.62%) of the total percentage. Bivalvia distribution analysis at Puding Beach is uniform and clustered based on habitat characteristics and environmental parameters that influence the life of bivalves
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Rahmantyah, Sri Samira. "Studi Komparasi Kuantitas Bivalvia pada Zona Intertidal di Pantai Ntana Kabupaten Bima sebagai Upaya Penyusunan Brosur Konservasi." Panthera : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Sains dan Terapan 3, no. 2 (April 15, 2023): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/panthera.v3i2.164.

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Bivalves belong to the Phylum mollusca. Bivalve are found and live in the Intertidal area. Ntana Beach is the easiest area and has the most interaction with human activities, because this area is a transitional area between aquatic ecosystems and land ecosystems. This study aims to: 1) identify the types of bivalves that make up the Intertidal zone on the Ntana coast, Bima Regency; 2) analyzing the abundance, diversity index, and evenness of Bivalvia in the Intertidal zone on the Ntana coast, Bima Regency; 3) describe the population of bivalve species that dominate the Intertidal zone on the Ntana coast, Bima Regency; 4) analyzing the abundance of bivalves in the sandy, muddy and rocky substrate areas on the Ntana beach, Bima Regency; 5) analyzing the diversity of bivalve species in the area of ​​sandy substrate, muddy substrate, and coral substrate on the Ntana beach, Bima Regency; 6) knowing the differences in the dominance of Bivalvia in the sandy, muddy and rocky substrate areas on the Ntana beach, Bima Regency; and 7) to develop research results on a comparative study of the quantity of bivalves in the intertidal zone on the Ntana coast, Bima district as an effort to prepare a conservation brochure. This type of research is descriptive comparative. Sampling used a 1x1 M plot. The results showed that as many as 540 individual bivalves consisting of 15 species were found on the Ntana beach, Bima district. 15 species of bivalves found include Anadara antiquata, Anadara granosa, Anadara brasilliana, Panopea generosa, Fausta pultenei, Dosina crebra, Eurytellina alternate, Dosina discus, Nactula acuta, Gafrarium divaricatum, Dosinia exoleta, Caestoderma edule, Gafrarium disparm, Cyclocardia ventricosa, and Crassostrea gigas. The abundance on sandy and silty substrates is categorized as moderate, whereas on coral substrates it is categorized as low. Species diversity on rocky substrates is less, whereas on muddy and sandy substrates each has a fairly high level of species diversity. The evenness value on sandy and muddy substrates is close to zero (0), so that the evenness of Bivalvia species on both substrates is not evenly distributed. There are no species that dominate other species because D <0.5. The average value of the brochure validation test is 75.4%, with this result, the brochures that have been compiled are in the good category and do not need to be revised.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bivalve"

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Reynolds, David John. "Establishing multi-bivalve species sclerochronology." Thesis, Bangor University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543214.

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Puinean, Alin Mirel. "Development of biomarkers of estrogen exposure in the marine bivalve Mytilus edulis Linnaeus (Mollusca : Bivalvia)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426316.

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Aucoin, Serge. "Écologie de population du bivalve Pinna carnea." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25177/25177.pdf.

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Mohammed, Saad Zakaria Mohammed. "Aspects of nursery cultivation of bivalve molluscs." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328163.

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Volpe, Enrico <1987&gt. "Finfish and Human Pathogens in Bivalve Molluscs." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8062/1/Tesi%20PhD_Volpe%20Enrico.pdf.

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Bivalve molluscs are an important food source for living beings, humans included. They are obligated filter feeders, that feed on microalgae, bacteria and organic particles present in the aquatic environment. Accordingly, they could accumulate chemical compounds, marine biotoxins, bacteria and viruses, including human and animal pathogens (Molloy et al., 2013; Serratore et al., 2014), influencing the epidemiology of animal and human infectious diseases (Skär & Mortensen, 2007). This topic has been long investigated for human pathogens. On the other hand, poor studies were available for finfish pathogens. The Ph.D thesis, arranged in three chapters, deals with finfish and human pathogens in bivalve molluscs and focus on betanodavirus presence in these invertebrates, on their interaction with the Redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), one species of the genus Betanodavirus, and the development of a method to mitigate bacterial and viral contaminations of bivalve molluscs. Betanodaviruses very closely related to those of finfish have been found widely present in bivalve molluscs. The clams were demonstrated able to take up and then shed viable RGNNV into the surrounding environment through faeces and filtered water into the surrounding environment posing a serious risk for susceptible cohabitant fish species. Finally, a novel Manila clam sea water potassium MPS-based disinfection method was set up to mitigate the impact of bacterial and viral contaminations in bivalve molluscs. The obtained results point out the possible role of bivalve molluscs in the transmission of pathogens to finfish and highlight the needing of surveillance and control activities where a close inter-specific contact is present. The proposed novel disinfection method provides good experimental results and could find wide application in fisheries sector after adequate field tests.
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Semba, Prasetiya Fiddy. "Greening phenomenon in bivalve by marennine produced from Haslea ostrearia and its consequences on bivalve’s integrated response." Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA1017/document.

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Le but de ce travail de doctorat est d’évaluer la possibilité d’utiliser Haslea ostrearia et la marennine en ostréiculture. Les objectives de ce projet sont : (1) l'évaluation du comportement alimentaire de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas sur des cellules d’H. ostrearia de différentes tailles et les conséquences potentielles sur les populations algales; (2) la caractérisation du verdissement par la marennine et ses conséquences sur la physiologie de C. gigas; (3) les conséquences du verdissement sur les traits comportementaux, physiologiques et biochimiques de plusieurs espèces de bivalves; (4) l'utilisation conjuguée d’H. ostrearia avec d'autres microalgues d’importance en aquaculture. Nos résultats suggèrent que la taille des cellules affecte considérablement le processus de selection d’H. ostrearia par l’huître. Cette étude démontre également que la forme extracellulaire de la marenninne contribue significativement au verdissement dans les mucocytes des branchies. Mis à part le verdissement des organes palléaux des bivalves, une concentration modérée de marennine (2 mg L-1) affecte les performances comportementales, physiologiques et biochimiques des bivalves. Néanmoins, ces effets pourraient être compensés par ses activités biologiques comme agent antibactérien naturel et source d’alimentation mixte d’algues en conchyliculture
This Ph.D. thesis focuses on several assessments to achieve the optimum benefit of utilization of marennine in the field of aquaculture. The study covers: (1) the assessment in feeding behavior of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas on different sizes of Haslea ostrearia and its ecological consequence; (2) the characterization of the greening by marennine and its consequences on some physiological traits of on C. gigas. (3) the consequence of greening by marennine on behavioral, physiological and biochemical traits of bivalves; (4) the utilization of H. ostrearia and marennine in a combination diet with other microalgae relevant to aquaculture.Our results suggest that cell size impacts considerably the selection process of H. ostrearia by oyster. This study also demonstrates that the extracellular form of marennine contributes significantly to the greening in the mucocytes of the gills. Apart from greening the pallial organs of bivalves, marennine (2 mg L-1) affects the behavioural, physiological and biochemical performance. Nevertheless, these effects can be compensated for its biological activities such as natural antibacterial agent and use as a mixed algal diet for bivalve aquaculture
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Trigg, Colin. "Ecological studies on the bivalve Limaria hians (Gmelin)." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2312.

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Several ecological studies were carried out on the bivalve Limaria hians and the biogenic beds created by their byssal threads. Specimens used were collected from two populations located on the west coast of Scotland. Age, growth and population dynamics were analysed using several methods. Limaria hians were tagged using plastic tags or the chemical dye calcein, left for 1 year and growth marks in the chondrophore counted. To establish growth parameters marked or caged L. hians were placed in situ and examined after 1 and 2 years. In addition, quantitative collections of L. hians were made from the field every 2 months over an 18 month period, their length measured and numbers recorded. Sub-samples from these collections were used to analyse the sex ratio of the populations. It was found that a single annual growth mark was deposited in the winter and age could be determined by counting chondrophore growth marks; giving a maximum age of 10 years. Measurements of growth using different techniques gave a growth performance index between 2.51 and 2.61. Spawning of L. hians occurred in May and June resulting in peak settlement during July and August. A significant change in sex ratio with respect to shell length was found, indicating protandry. Indirect examination of age was attempted using stable isotopic analysis of δ18O and δ13C contained within the shell. To overcome difficulties found with the stable isotope technique, laser ablation mass spectrometry analysis was used to measure the ratios of trace elements. Two specimens each had a single valve placed in epoxy resin. Sequential lines were drilled along the surface of the valves and the carbonate gathered for analysis by mass spectrometry. From the remaining valve of each specimen a thin section was prepared and laser ablation performed. Limaria hians incorporated δ18O in equilibrium with the surrounding sea water allowing an estimation of ambient temperature at times of shell deposition. A sinusoidal pattern was seen in the isotopic analysis, yet it was not possible to accurately age the specimens by this method, although the approximate time of year when growth mark deposition occurred was obtained. A relationship was seen between the trace element Mg and seawater temperature; however, it is not believed that Mg/Ca ratios in L. hians can be used as a proxy for sea temperatures. Use of these techniques with L. hians is considered limited on account of the animal’s thin and friable shell. An investigation to determine the biodiversity of L. hians beds was carried out for two populations during the winter and summer periods. Cores were taken semi-randomly and the organisms removed from the nest material. Flora and fauna were identified and where possible enumerated. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the data investigated any differences between sites and times. A total of 283 species were found consisting of 16 phyla. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the species richness of the two populations, whilst multivariate analysis illustrated differences in the assemblage compositions between sites and times. This study indicated that, in terms of richness and diversity, L. hians beds are at least as rich as horse mussel and serpulid reefs. The rate of regrowth of L. hians nest material, following a simulated dredging impact was examined on an extensive L. hians bed. Within an area of complete coverage of the sea bed by a turf of L. hians nest material, the turf was cleared by diver from 10 0.25 m2 replicate plots and the sediment subsequently raked to simulate the passage of a scallop dredge. The areal extent and pattern of nest regrowth was recorded after 6 and 12 months. Over the initial 6 autumn and winter months treatment plots displayed a mean regrowth of 9.2% of the cleared area, increasing to 15% in the second 6 month spring and summer period. However, no significant difference in growth was found between these periods. After 12 months half the treatment plots exhibited <25% nest cover and none of them contained nest of a thickness comparable to the surrounding bed. Conversion of regrowth rates within the treated plots to the rate of nest advance along a linear front, gave a value of 3.2 cm per year, highlighting the susceptibility of this species-rich biotope to scallop dredging from which activity it may take a century to recover. The pressing need for the conservation status of this biotope to be reassessed is stressed. Its status as a biogenic reef should be accepted internationally and appropriate protective measures put in place.
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Liguori, Louis-Antoine. "La voie transgutéale digastrique bivalve : description, évaluation, critiques." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6413.

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Casse, Nathalie. "Eléments d'embryologie de Pecten maximus L. (mollusque bivalve)." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2009.

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Le developpement embryonnaire de pecten maximus est decrit depuis l'uf jusqu'a la larve d qui apparait 45 heures apres la fecondation, a la temperature de 18-19c. Les deux premieres divisions de segmentation sont accompagnees par la formation d'un lobe polaire au pole vegetatif de l'embryon. Les stades morula et blastula apparaissent, respectivement 5 et 7 heures apres la fecondation. La gastrulation conjugue les mouvements d'epibolie et d'embolie, elle s'effectue entre 8 et 12 heures de developpement. Elle produit une larve ciliee et nageuse. A la 20eme heure, la larve est une trochophore. La prototroque consiste en une couronne de cils denses, disposes irregulierement ; la region pretrochale porte un long flagelle apical. L'archenteron se developpe, la bouche est ouverte sous la prototroque au niveau de la region ventrale de la larve. De plus, une fine pellicule emerge de l'invagination de la region coquilliere (irc). Chez les larves agees de 26 heures, la cavite viscerale se forme, le tractus digestif possede l'sophage, l'estomac et l'intestin ; la prototroque va progressivement devenir le velum. Apres 30 heures de developpement, la larve a atteint le stade veligere. Le bord du velum presente 4 anneaux ciliaires. L'epithelium coquillier est devenu le manteau larvaire dont le bord secrete la pellicule coquilliere. Les larves d sont observees a 45 heures, leur coquille est calcifiee et recouvre tout le corps de l'animal. Le tractus digestif est complet et contient une grande quantite de bacteries. Les variations des quantites de proteines, lipides et glucides totaux sont etudiees pendant la periode embryonnaire. Deux phases sont distinguees: de 2 a 24 heures, les lipides sont consommes par les larves ; a l'inverse, de 24 a 42 heures, une augmentation des quantites des differents composes est observee
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Santos, Gabriel Luiz dos. "Determinação multielementar e análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras ambientais da Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil, por técnicas espectrométricas." Instituto de Química, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/15803.

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O presente trabalho realizado em amostras coletadas na Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil, propõe estratégias para determinação multielementar e análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras de moluscos bivalves e sedimentos, empregando ICP OES e ICP-MS. Na primeira parte da tese, foram avaliadas as potencialidades de dois espectrômetros de massa com plasma indutivamente acoplado para determinação de As, Cr, Ni, Se e V em amostras de moluscos bivalves. Para efeito de comparação, três materiais de referência certificados (CRM) foram analisados: NIST 1566b SRM Oyster tissue, NRCC TORT-2 Lobster Hepatopancreas e NIST 2977 SRM Mussel tissue. A condição recomendada, que consistiu na determinação no modo padrão com adição de padrão interno, foi aplicada na determinação dos analitos em amostras de Macoma constricta coletadas em diferentes regiões da BTS. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos níveis de As, Cr, Ni, Se e V presentes na espécie Macoma constricta apresentaram valores acima dos níveis estabelecidos pela legislação vigente brasileira que são: 1,0 (As); 0,1 (Cr); 5,0 (Ni); 0,3 (Se) e 0,77 (V) g g-1 (peso úmido), o que representa risco à população e ao ecossistema. Na segunda parte da tese, foram investigadas as condições para a análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras de sedimentos, empregando extração alcalina e determinação por ICP OES. A concentração de V(IV) foi determinada por diferença, considerando a determinação de vanádio total, também realizada por ICP OES, após digestão das amostras com ácido nítrico em forno de micro- ondas com cavidade, usando o procedimento EPA 3051A. O procedimento foi validado através de testes de adição e recuperação e de análise do seguinte material de referência certificado: NIST 2702 (Inorganics in marine sediment). Pelos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os compostos contendo V(IV) são mais dominantes nas amostras dos sedimentos analisados.
The present work conducted on samples collected in Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brasil, proposes strategies for multielement determination and speciation analysis of vanadium in bivalve molluscs and sediments samples, using ICP OES and ICP-MS. In the first part of the thesis, the potential of two inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers for determination of As, Cr, Ni, Se and V in bivalve molluscs samples were evaluated. For comparison, three certified reference materials (CRM) were analyzed: NIST 1566b SRM Oyster tissue, NRCC TORT-2 Lobster Hepatopancreas e NIST 2977 SRM Mussel tissue. The recommended condition, which consisted in determining the standard mode with addition of internal standard, was applied in the determination of analytes in samples of Macoma constricta collected in different regions of the BTS. The results showed that most levels of As, Cr, Ni, Se and V present in the species Macoma constricta have values above the levels established by the Brazilian legislation, that are: 1.0 (As); 0.1 (Cr); 5.0 (Ni); 0.3 (Se) and 0.77 (V) g g-1 (wet weight), which represents risk to the population and the ecosystem. In the second part of the thesis, the conditions for speciation analysis of vanadium in soil and sediment samples were investigated, using alkaline extraction and determining by ICP OES. The V (IV) concentration was determined by difference, considering the total vanadium determination, also performed by ICP OES, after the samples digestion with nitric acid in cavity microwave oven, using the procedure EPA 3051A. The procedure was validated through addition and recovery tests and analysis of the following certified reference material: NIST 2702 (Inorganics in marine sediment). From the obtained results it can be concluded that compounds containing V (IV) are majority in the sediment samples analyzed.
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Books on the topic "Bivalve"

1

Bivalve molluscs. Oxford, U.K: Fishing News Books, 2003.

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Gosling, Elizabeth, ed. Bivalve Molluscs. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470995532.

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Dame, Richard F., ed. Bivalve Filter Feeders. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78353-1.

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Gosling, Elizabeth. Marine Bivalve Molluscs. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119045212.

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L, Farris Jerry, Van Hassel John H, and SETAC (Society), eds. Freshwater bivalve ecotoxicology. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007.

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Great Britain. Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department. New Zealand bivalve molluscs. Edinburgh: The Department, 1993.

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Barber, Bruce J. A guide to bivalve diseases for aquaculturists in the northeastern U.S. Orono, Me: Sea Grant Maine/New Hampshire, 1999.

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Vakily, J. M. Determination and comparison of bivalve growth, with emphasis on Thailand and other tropical areas. Manila, Philippines: ICLARM, 1992.

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Paul, Valentich Scott, and Bernard F. R, eds. Bivalve seashells of western North America: Marine bivalve mollusks from Arctic Alaska to Baja California. Santa Barbara, Calif: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2000.

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Taylor, John David. The lucinid bivalve genus Cardiolucina (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Lucinidae): Systematics, anatomy and relationships. London: Natural History Museum, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bivalve"

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Surge, Donna M., and Bernd R. Schöne. "Bivalve Sclerochronology." In Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods, 108–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6304-3_165.

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Surge, Donna M., and Bernd R. Schöne. "Bivalve Sclerochronology." In Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods, 1–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5_165-1.

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Kraeuter, John N. "Bivalve Aquaculture." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries, 85–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_54.

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Coen, Loren D., and Raymond E. Grizzle. "Bivalve Molluscs." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries, 89–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_88.

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Lucas, John S. "Bivalve Molluscs." In Aquaculture, 541–66. West Sussex, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118687932.ch23.

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Song, Linsheng, Lingling Wang, Limei Qiu, and Huan Zhang. "Bivalve Immunity." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 44–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8059-5_3.

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Saurel, C., D. P. Taylor, and K. Tetrault. "Bivalve Gardening." In Goods and Services of Marine Bivalves, 355–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96776-9_19.

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Damborenea, Susana E., Javier Echevarría, and Sonia Ros-Franch. "A Bivalve Perspective." In Southern Hemisphere Palaeobiogeography of Triassic-Jurassic Marine Bivalves, 23–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5098-2_3.

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Wang, Xudong, Steffen Kiel, and Dong Feng. "New Biogeochemical Proxies in Seep Bivalves." In South China Sea Seeps, 115–28. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1494-4_7.

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AbstractReduced compounds dissolved in seeping fluids, such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, are the main energy sources in submarine cold seep systems, where they nourish the unique chemosynthesis-based ecosystems. Chemosymbiotic bivalves are the dominant macrofauna in many of these ecosystems and have been extensively studied due to their large biomass (hundreds of individuals per square meter), their symbiotic relationships with chemotrophic bacteria (methanotrophic bivalves: methane-oxidizing bacteria; thiotrophic bivalves: sulfur-oxidizing bacteria), and because they are unique archives of biogeochemical processes. In this chapter, we briefly introduce the advancements in seep bivalve research worldwide and then summarize the trophic modes and geographic distribution of seep bivalves in the South China Sea. Thereafter, the biogeochemical processes, such as the enzymatic strategy and energy transfer of seep bivalves, are generalized by integrating the trace elements and stable isotope data of the soft tissues and their corresponding calcareous shells of seep bivalves. Overall, we highlight the past contributions and current knowledge in this field and outline opportunities and future directions to expand this area of research.
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Bayne, Brian L. "Feeding Physiology of Bivalves: Time-Dependence and Compensation for Changes in Food Availability." In Bivalve Filter Feeders, 1–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78353-1_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bivalve"

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Ohlsson, Henrik, Maite Bauwens, and Lennart Ljung. "On manifolds, climate reconstruction and bivalve shells." In 2009 Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) and 28th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2009.5400866.

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Gotoh, Hitoshi, and Tetsuo Sakai. "Bivalve Habitat Based on Sediment-Transport Mechanics." In 25th International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784402429.333.

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Franzago, Eleonora, Michele Brichese, Paolo Valeri, Giuseppe Cherubini, Antonio Gottardo, Licia Ravarotto, Giuseppe Arcangeli, et al. ""Ambiti Bivalvi Veneto", the Website Dedicated to the Sanitary Status of Bivalve Molluscs Production Areas in Veneto Region." In 13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics. Winter Garden, Florida, United States: International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54808/imcic2022.01.110.

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Морозов, Т. Б., and П. Ю. Иванов. "ACCUMULATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BIVALVE MOLLUSKS ON THE SHELF OF THE KAMCHATKA-KURIL SUBZONE OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK." In ХXIV международная научная конференция сохранение биоразнообразия Камчатки и прилегающих морей. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53657/kbpgi041.2023.47.41.044.

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СКОПЛЕНИЯ ПРОМЫСЛОВЫХ ДВУХСТВОРЧАТЫХ МОЛЛЮСКОВ НА ШЕЛЬФЕ КАМЧАТСКО- КУРИЛЬСКОЙ ПОДЗОНЫ ОХОТСКОГО МОРЯ ACCUMULATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BIVALVE MOLLUSKS ON THE SHELF OF THE KAMCHATKA-KURIL SUBZONE OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK
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Kuwahara, Hisami, and Junya Higano. "Model of Bivalve On/offshore Movement by Waves." In 24th International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784400890.223.

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Overly, Adrian S., Adiël A. Klompmaker, and Seth Finnegan. "ARE THERE TRENDS IN BIVALVE ORNAMENTATION THROUGHOUT THE CRETACEOUS?" In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-305080.

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Hayami, Yuichi, and Yuichi Hayami. "DECADAL SCALE VARIATION IN BOTTOM DO AND COD DYNAMICS IN THE INNER AREA OF ARIAKE SEA, JAPAN." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b939063c9c3.99016046.

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The dissolved oxygen, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) data for more than 30 years in the inner area of Ariake Sea, Japan were analyzed with a box model. The bottom water in this area easily became hypoxic from the 1970s to the early 90s associated with the increase in COD. There were minimal increases in terrestrial COD and nutrient loads in this period and there remained tidal flats over a widespread area. The increase in COD was caused by the increase in internal production (net ecosystem production in the sea). This would be due to the enhanced primary production induced by the increase in freshwater residence time and the decrease in bivalves grazing. The increase in freshwater residence time would have been caused by the decline of tidal amplitude mainly generated by the decrease of outer sea tidal amplitude. There would be a negative feedback control where hypoxia tends to progressively increase leading to declines in bivalve biomass which subsequently remove grazing pressure limiting primary production and on senescence of blooms of phytoplankton enhances hypoxia. The possibility of the influence of the Isahaya sea dike construction and how to improve the hypoxic conditions are also discussed.
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Hayami, Yuichi, and Yuichi Hayami. "DECADAL SCALE VARIATION IN BOTTOM DO AND COD DYNAMICS IN THE INNER AREA OF ARIAKE SEA, JAPAN." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431561360b.

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The dissolved oxygen, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) data for more than 30 years in the inner area of Ariake Sea, Japan were analyzed with a box model. The bottom water in this area easily became hypoxic from the 1970s to the early 90s associated with the increase in COD. There were minimal increases in terrestrial COD and nutrient loads in this period and there remained tidal flats over a widespread area. The increase in COD was caused by the increase in internal production (net ecosystem production in the sea). This would be due to the enhanced primary production induced by the increase in freshwater residence time and the decrease in bivalves grazing. The increase in freshwater residence time would have been caused by the decline of tidal amplitude mainly generated by the decrease of outer sea tidal amplitude. There would be a negative feedback control where hypoxia tends to progressively increase leading to declines in bivalve biomass which subsequently remove grazing pressure limiting primary production and on senescence of blooms of phytoplankton enhances hypoxia. The possibility of the influence of the Isahaya sea dike construction and how to improve the hypoxic conditions are also discussed.
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GIAROLA, Julia, Flávia CRISTIANES, Thayna VIEGAS, Sandro Ricardo COSTA, Marcos Pereira BASTOS, and Paulo Márcio Santos COSTA. "Aprimoramento da criação do molusco bivalve Nodipecten nodosos na Baía da Ilha Grande." In I Simpósio de bolsistas da FIPERJ. Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FIPERJ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57068/simposio.fiperj.332.

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A Baía da Ilha Grande está localizada no litoral sul fluminense e abrange os municípios de Paraty, Angra dos Reis e Mangaratiba. Essa região é, atualmente, a maior área de produção de moluscos bivalves do estado do Rio de Janeiro e, não por acaso, onde se concentra o maior número de fazendas marinhas. Dentre os moluscos bivalves cultivados, o destaque tem sido a vieira da espécie Nodipecten nodosus, nativa da costa brasileira. O abastecimento de sementes sempre se mostrou ser o elo mais frágil da cadeia produtiva das vieiras. Objetivando minimizar esse problema, um novo laboratório para larvicultura de moluscos bivalves foi construído na Ilha Grande em 2021, fruto de uma parceria entre a UFRJ e a UERJ, O presente projeto tem como objetivo treinar e capacitar mão-de-obra local, para atender a demanda de pessoas capazes de atuar nas rotinas do laboratório, desde os procedimentos de reprodução e larvicultura, bem como nas fazendas marinhas. Além disso, pretende-se dar oportunidade ao ingresso de mulheres na maricultura, visto que, atualmente é uma atividade realizada quase que exclusivamente por homens, indo de encontro às ODS da ONU para a década do Oceano, em especial aos ODS 4, 8, 5, 10, 12, 14 e 17. Sendo assim, foram realizadas atividades de capacitação e treinamento como: levantamento bibliográfico; aulas teóricas e práticas sobre os tipos de cultivo e a morfologia de moluscos bivalves; reconhecimento dos materiais e equipamentos de uma fazenda marinha; atividades de rotina do laboratório da praia do Bananal; desova e larvicultura de vieiras; cultivo de microalgas; capacitação em coleta de amostra de moluscos bivalves para análise molecular e histológica; acompanhamento do manejo. Conforme previsto, foi elaborada uma cartilha com o intuito de transmitir informações básicas, de forma simples e objetiva, para pessoas interessadas em maricultura. Além disso foi desenvolvido um sistema de anotações para aumentar o controle e otimizar a produção de vieiras.
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Otter, Laura, Katja Eder, Jiseok Gim, Robert Hovden, Matt Kilburn, Limei Yang, Julie M. Cairney, and Dorrit E. Jacob. "New Perspectives on The Nacre-Organic Interface In Bivalve Shells." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2004.

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Reports on the topic "Bivalve"

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Jansen, Henrice, and Lisanne van den Bogaart. Blue carbon by marine bivalves : Perspective of Carbon sequestration by cultured and wild bivalve stocks in the Dutch coastal areas. Den Helder: Wageningen Marine Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/537188.

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Desbiens, S. Le bivalve dévonien Prosocoelus Keferstein, 1857 dans le nord-est de l'Amérique du Nord. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/194752.

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Mullineaux, Lauren S., and Stanley R. Hart. Use of Trace Elements in the Larval Shell as a Marker of Bivalve Dispersal. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada389619.

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Craig, K. D., K. Burnett, A. Ringwood, K. MacDougal, and L. Kendall. The effects of cadmium of the growth and metallothionein expression of the bivalve larvae, crassostrea virginica. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/121302.

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Levin, Lisa A. Elemental Fingerprinting of Bivalve Shells Using Laser Ablation ICP-MS to Evaluate the Dynamics of Larval Exchange. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627519.

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Wi, Jungyeon. Preventing Styrofoam in Marine Environment through Eco-friendly, Durable Bivalve Buoys of Reduced Impact through structural modification. Intellectual Archive, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2729.

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Microplastics and marine pollution are emerging environmental issues around the world. In South Korea, styrofoam buoys are one of the primary sources of microplastics. The article addresses current limitations regarding environmental efforts done to reduce styrofoam buoys at governmental and company levels. The article introduces one solution to the problem, a new eco-friendly buoy made of biodegradable material with enhanced durability and sustainability. The article proposes potential campaigns and activities to raise awareness of the issue and encourage using eco-friendly buoys.
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Tsvetanova, Elina, Lachezar Yakimov, Almira Georgieva, Galina Nenkova, and Albena Alexandrova. Preliminary Study of the Oxidative Status of the Psammophilic Bivalve Species (Chamelea gallina L., 1758) from Representative Habitats along the South Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.04.09.

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Weldon, James, and Carlotta Meriggi. Modelling the risks of invasive aquatic species spread in Swedish lakes. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.r68r25qcb1.

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Species distribution modelling is a valuable tool for identifying areas most at risk of the spread of invasive species. Here we model the environmental factors governing the distributions of two invasive species of concern that are currently found in Sweden at only a limited number of locations: the aquatic macrophyte Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall’s waterweed / smal vattenpest) and the bivalve Dreissena polymorpha (Zebra mussel / vandrarmussla). For E.nuttallii, the greatest risk factors are connectivity with other water bodies (facilitating dispersion), human population density and length of growing season. This implies that it is principally well-connected lakes in populated areas of southern Sweden that are most at risk of further spread (although other areas of concern are identified). For D.polymorpha, water alkalinity and the proportion of agricultural land (a source of nutrient pollution) are the most important factors, and the models identify lakes Vänern and Vättern, waters in parts of Östergötland, Jämtland and Gotland as key areas of concern for further spread.
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Bringué, M., R. A. Fensome, T. P. Poulton, J M Galloway, J. P. Bujak, M L Golding, M. J. Orchard, and G. L. Williams. The 2020 Canada datapack for TimeScale Creator: a new tool for Mesozoic - Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Canadian north. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326099.

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The Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) program (2010-2020) provided a unique opportunity to advance the current level of understanding of the geological history of the Canadian North. In this contribution, based on the Trans-GEM Event Stratigraphy activity, a compilation of Mesozoic-Cenozoic stratigraphic data from across the GEM program regions and beyond is presented, with a focus on biostratigraphic events, using TimeScale Creator, a JAVA package that facilitates the compilation and comparison of large amounts of stratigraphic data while keeping track of changing absolute ages. The '2020 Canada datapack', which incorporates some information re-evaluated and refined from an earlier datapack, includes schemes using dinoflagellate cysts, spores and pollen, foraminifers and conodonts, and a new synthesis of Canadian Arctic Jurassic ammonite and Buchia bivalve biostratigraphy. This datapack will continue to be augmented after completion of the GEM program and will become a major tool in supporting an understanding of Canada's sedimentary basins, their resource potential and management.
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Walker, David, Craig Baker-Austin, Andy Smith, Karen Thorpe, Adil Bakir, Tamara Galloway, Sharron Ganther, et al. A critical review of microbiological colonisation of nano- and microplastics (NMP) and their significance to the food chain. Food Standards Agency, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xdx112.

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Microplastics are extremely small mixed shaped plastic debris in the environment. These plastics are manufactured (primary microplastics) or formed from the breakdown of larger plastics once they enter the terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments (secondary microplastics). Over time, a combination of physical, photochemical and biological processes can reduce the structural integrity of plastic debris to produce microplastics and even further to produce nanoplastics. NMPs have been detected in both the aquatic and terrestrial environments and can be easily spread by water, soil and air and can be ingested by a wide range of organisms. For example, NMPs have been found in the guts of fish and bivalve shellfish. Microplastics have also been detected in food and in human faeces. Therefore, NMPs are not only found in the environment, but they may contaminate the food supply chain and be ingested by consumers. There is evidence suggesting that microorganisms are able to colonise the surfaces of microplastics and aggregates of nanoplastics. However, the risk to consumers posed by NMPs colonised with microorganisms (including those that are AMR) which enter the food supply chain is currently unknown.
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