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Academic literature on the topic 'Birds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Birds"

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Ningrum, Siti Gusti, Andreas Berny Yulianto, and Kartika Purnamasari. "Application of SEAMON as Edible Bird’s Nest cleanser in the Edible Bird’s Nest Industry." SPEKTA (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat : Teknologi dan Aplikasi) 4, no. 2 (December 19, 2023): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/spekta.v4i2.8595.

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Background: In Surabaya, the edible bird's nest industry has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by increasing demand for this highly prized delicacy, known for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. As the industry expands, effective cleaning methods for edible bird's nests become paramount. Contaminants, impurities, and feathers can compromise the quality and purity of edible bird's nests, affecting their market value and consumer appeal. Contribution: In response to this challenge, applying SEAMON as an edible bird's nest cleanser has emerged as a promising solution. SEAMON, a specific cleaning agent for edible birds' nests, offers the potential to revolutionize the cleaning process within the edible birds' nest industry. This innovative approach addresses the cleanliness and hygiene standards required for edible bird's nests, ensuring that consumers receive the highest quality product. Method: The SEAMON application was carried out at the edible bird's nest industry in Surabaya, East Java, on July 2, 2023, with twelve samples of edible bird's nests with heavy feather characteristics. All samples were tested for nitrite analysis using a Genesys 30 visible spectrophotometer. Results: Based on the results of its application, this innovation has the potential as an edible bird’s nest cleaning agent to clean hydrogen peroxide residue and can reduce nitrite levels in the white edible bird’s nest. Conclusion: This washing liquid is the first cleanser specifically for white edible bird’s nests, and another advantage is that it is food grade, so edible bird’s nests cleaned with SEAMON is safe for human consumption.

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Yeremieiev, Volodymyr. "Development of software for the study of ornithocomplexes on the territory of wind stations using the results of observations by the route counting method." Ukrainian Journal of Educational Studies and Information Technology 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32919/uesit.2020.03.04.

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An information system (IS) BIRDS2 has been developed for storing and analyzing data obtained by monitoring the behavior of birds on the territory of wind power plants (WPPs) using the route accounting method. The program code is compiled on the basis of Windows Forms technology in the Microsoft Visual Studio Community 2019 software development environment. The operation of the program was tested by comparing the results of monitoring bird migration on the territory of the Primorsk-1 wind farm with known literature data. The sample size of registered birds used for analysis consisted of 8927 birds, of which 802 were of the transit type, 2511 were of the forage type, and 5614 were of the nesting type. The observations were carried out by the route counting method, adapted by V. D. Siokhin and P. I. Gorlov in relation to the territory of wind parks. During the monitoring process, eight parameters were recorded: the date of observation, the time of registration, the coordinates of the registration on the Google map, the number of birds, the species of the individual, the direction of flight, the type of location on the territory of the wind farm (transit, forage, nesting), and the flight altitude. The user-friendly interface allows you to analyze the behavior of birds on the territory of the station according to all accounting characteristics. The IS makes it possible to determine the number of birds in flight over the territory of the wind park at a given time, to find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the bird's flight path with the boundaries of the wind farm, to calculate the length of the bird's flight path over the area occupied by the wind park.

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Greenstone, Matthew H. "Birds Are Birds." Science 254, no. 5031 (October 25, 1991): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.254.5031.502.a.

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GREENSTONE, M. H. "Birds Are Birds." Science 254, no. 5031 (October 25, 1991): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.254.5031.502.

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Osinubi, Samuel Temidayo. "African–Eurasian birds: our birds, their birds, or OUR birds?" Ostrich 93, no. 3 (October 28, 2022): iii—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2140518.

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Benton, M. J. "How birds became birds." Science 345, no. 6196 (July 31, 2014): 508–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1257633.

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Nisa, Alim un, SH Abidi, Qurat ul Ain Syed, A. Saeed, S. Masood, S. Hina, and Hamood ur Rehman. "Aflatoxins in bird feed collected from various areas of Lahore city." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 56, no. 4 (December 29, 2021): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v56i4.57198.

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The objective of this study was to estimate total aflatoxin in bird feed. Total 50 birds feed samples were collected from different markets and birds shops in Lahore. Total aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 were estimated using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The daily intake of aflatoxin in bird's feed is a 300ppb threshold by FDA. Total 50 samples were examined, among them 22% were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 and the rest of 40% samples were contaminated only with aflatoxin B1. Aflatoxin G1 and G2 were not detected in any feed. The results showed that 42% of samples were contaminated within the permissible limit, 20% were unfit due to having above the allowable limit, and 38% were fit, which did not show any aflatoxin. The current study has demonstrated the easy way of providing the determination of aflatoxin in bird’s feed. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(4), 249-254, 2021

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Hasib, Abdullah, Risaldi Muhamad, Talita Yuanda Reksa, Alvina Ulimaz Artha, and Erma Safitri. "Utilization of Sumbawa Tropical Forest Honey Apis Dorsata to Improve Fertility of Indonesia Oriental Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis) as Effort Animal Population Increasement." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 6 (December 3, 2017): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i6.1190.

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The objective of this experiment is to observe the effect of forest honey produced by giant bees Apis dorsata on improving fertility and egg number of the bird. The bird which observed in this experiment is captive bird Oriental Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis). Twelve paired captive bird in official captivity were transferred into new pairing cage and adapted along two weeks. Every bird was fed with crickets and normal ration mixed with low protein diet (LP) with 16% of crude protein gradually. After an adaptation period, twelve paired captive bird were divided into three groups T1, T2 and T3. Birds were treatened with honey solution 5%, 10% and 15% concentration series in 1 ml aquadest intraabdominal of 10 crickets and fed with 15 crickets and 20 gram low protein ration (16%) per day for two laying periods. Egg production each group were calculated and observed its fertility among all egg production in one parental. In accordance with that, the results were analyzed descriptively. This pre-treatment, the bird’s mating behaviour becomes a week faster than the normal period. Bird’s fertility is also increasing with the provision of honey in the bird nutrition. In the bird’s pairs in cage’s number 9 and 10 have shown development by producing 3 fertile eggs after being treated with honey. In the previous period showed from 3 eggs only 1 being fertile. Honey has not been able to increase the number of eggs produced by birds. However, there is an enhancement in the animal population up to 25% of the 12 pairs of birds that are used as experimental samples in the captivity. The conclusion of this study shows that honey can accelerate the mating behaviour of birds and can increase the fertility of birds' eggs. However, honey has not yet affected the increase the quantity of the birds' egg. Longer observation’s duration with extra bird’s sample is needed for future research, in order to see the reproduction cycle of birds over several periods. Field research related to nutrition in chemistry nutrition’s fields related the active ingredient in honey that can affect the reproduction system is also important to conducted for further research. Keywords: Oriental Magpie Robin; Eggs Production; Fertility; Mating Behaviour; Honey

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Jacobs, Leonie, Dianna V. Bourassa, Caitlin E. Harris, and R. Jeff Buhr. "Euthanasia: Manual Versus Mechanical Cervical Dislocation for Broilers." Animals 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9020047.

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The aim was to assess the onset of brain stem death for two euthanasia methods—manual cervical dislocation (CD) versus the Koechner Euthanizing Device (KED). Over three days broilers of 36 (n = 60), 42 (n = 80), or 43 days old (n = 60) were euthanized. On days 2 and 3, a treatment was added in which the bird’s head was extended at a ~90˚ angle after application of the KED (KED+). On those days, gap size was recorded between the skull and atlas vertebra by 1-cm increments. The onset of brain death was assessed by recording the nictitating membrane reflex, gasping reflex and musculoskeletal movements (sec). Additionally, skin damage and blood loss were recorded (y/n). On all days, CD resulted in quicker loss of reflexes and movements compared to KED or KED+. Reflexes returned in 0–15% of CD birds, 50–55% of KED birds, and 40–60% of KED+ birds, possibly regaining consciousness. Skin damage occurred in 0% of CD birds, 68–95% of KED birds, and 85– 95% of KED+ birds. On day 2 (p = 0.065) and 3 (p = 0.008), KED birds had or tended to have a narrower skull-to-atlas gap compared to CD and KED+ birds. Based on our results, CD would be the recommended method for broilers.

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Kumar, Arunachalam. "HOPPING IN BIRDS: IS THE CHOICE OF GAIT INFLUENCED BY CERVICAL MOBILITY AND FIELD OF VISION?" Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 03, no. 01 (March 2013): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703634.

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AbstractOne of the more intriguing questions in avian locomotion is why some birds, when on ground, choose to hop while others prefer walking. Biped gait is common to birds as well as the most evolved among mammals, man. Observations made show that, choice of gait in birds is determined by a remote factor–the range and extent of neck mobility. The wider the gamut of cervical mobility, the wider is the 'field of vision' available. Cervical movement capability is perhaps the single most deterministic factor in the bird's choice of terrestrial gait.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Birds"

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Yoon, Hye Jung. "Birds, Birds, Bluebirds." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504802573765048.

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Stephens, Jaime L. "A comparison of bird abundance and nesting in harvest units, habitat islands, and mature coniferous forests in southwestern Oregon /." View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 2005. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/050801c1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon University, 2005.
"A thesis submitted to ... Southern Oregon University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science ..." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-73). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.

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Barch, Brian T. "The annual midwest crane count : development of a program plan /." Link to full-text, 2006. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2006/barch.pdf.

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McDermott, Molly E. "Breeding and post-breeding forest bird community dynamics in regenerating clearcuts and two-age harvests in the central Appalachians." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5328.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 133 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Latta, Steven C. "Ecology and population regulation of neotropical migratory birds in the Sierra de Bahoruco, Dominican Republic /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998494.

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Cravey, Suzanne Perritt. "Are pesticides a factor in bird declines? /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://www.orwapif.org/pdf/pesticides%5Fbirds.pdf.

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Blackburn, Emma. "The wintering and migration ecology of the whinchat Saxicola rubetra, a declining Palearctic migrant." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11859.

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For migrant birds, the non-breeding season can greatly influence survival and future reproductive success. Knowledge of annual and overwinter survival, the degree of site fidelity and habitat use in the non-breeding season, migration ecology, routes and stopovers, and whether these differ with age or sex is fundamental to understanding population dynamics, vulnerability to anthropogenic habitat degradation, and consequently for understanding the severe widespread declines of migrant bird species. The degree to which a migrant is a winter specialist or generalist is likely to be central to understanding population dynamics. I studied survival rates and the wintering and migration ecology of a declining Palearctic migrant, the whinchat Saxicola rubetra, wintering in West Africa, to establish how the non-breeding season may influence migrant population dynamics. Whinchats were extremely site faithful to both within and between years, holding distinct winter territories and returning to those territories in subsequent winters, despite the opportunity to relocate. Overwinter survival was very high and annual survival was comparable to or higher than that reported on the breeding grounds. Because our power to detect resident and dispersing birds was high, survival rates likely estimated true survival well. Habitat characteristics varied widely across territories and territories were smaller if more perching shrubs and maize were present. Most individuals showed a tolerance or even preference for human modified habitats. Some individuals may have multiple wintering sites. There was no evidence of dominance-based habitat occupancy or any differences in winter ecology, site fidelity, survival and most aspects of migratory behaviour between age and sex classes. Migratory connectivity occurred only on a large-scale and individual migratory behaviour was also varied. Fundamentally, the results suggest a generalist strategy in the non-breeding season within their wintering habitat of open savannah, most likely as an adaption to stochastic site selection within the wintering range for juveniles undertaking their first migration plus changing and unpredictable conditions both within and between years. Consequently, wintering conditions may not significantly limit whinchat populations and mortality is probably highest during active migration. Notably, non-specialist migrants such as whinchats may have some resilience at the population-level to the increasing anthropogenic habitat modification occurring in Africa, suggesting that conditions during migration and in Europe may be driving declines; yet establishing the currently unknown thresholds of any resilience is likely to be fundamental for the future conservation migrants.

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Holt, Rachel Faith Martin Kathy. "Habitat selection, demography, and conservation implications for a cavity-nesting community in a managed landscape." Connect to this title online, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD%5F0003/NQ27952.pdf.

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Wang, Ximin. "A plan for creating a national bird watching society in Mainland China for bird conservation and education /." Link for full text, 2008. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2008/Wang.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stevens Point, 2008.
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree Master of Science in Natural Resources (Environmental Education and Interpretation), College of Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-50).

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Lacey, M. E. R. "Birds and bird-lore in the literature of Anglo-Saxon England." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1431318/.

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This thesis presents an interdisciplinary approach towards understanding the ways in which Anglo-Saxons perceived the birds around them and the cultural associations with which we find them endowed in the literature. It focuses on closely examining the entire range of primary sources available to us in order to build as accurate and as complete a picture of Anglo-Saxon bird-lore as possible, and it stresses the indivisibility of observational experiences of birds and their cultural associations. As very little work has been done on birds in Old English, this thesis starts with the fundamentals: how were birds categorised, identified and differentiated? Such fundamental questions must be addressed if we are not to anachronistically impose our own understanding on the Old English evidence. My examination reveals that birds were primarily heard, rather than seen, and that this experience of birds is reflected in the literature, where descriptions focus on their calls, instead of their appearances. This aural primacy is stressed throughout the thesis. In the first half of the thesis I argue for remnants of an apparently ancient, and common Germanic, practice of augury in the literature of Anglo-Saxon England, in which the vocalisations of birds were held to contain prophecies and tidings of present import. I present arguments for this belief being grounded in observed experience, stressing the connection between bird-lore and the lived experiences of birds in the Anglo-Saxons’ environment. In the second half of the thesis, I demonstrate that Christian bird-lore was quite different, being steeped in symbolism and scholarly tradition rather than naturalistic observation, but that it had common ground in associating birds with divine knowledge. I subsequently show how the Christian traditions of birds interacted with pre-Christian bird-lore – both in terms of augury and in terms of Anglo-Saxon proto-scientific classification.

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Books on the topic "Birds"

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Judy, Braus, and National Wildlife Federation, eds. Birds, birds, birds! Washington, D.C: National Wildlife Federation, 1989.

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Braus, Judy. Birds, birds, birds. Edited by National Wildlife Federation. Washington, D.C: National Wildlife Federation, 1985.

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Judy, Braus, and National Wildlife Federation, eds. Birds, birds, birds! Washington, D.C: National Wildlife Federation, 1992.

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Federation, National Wildlife, ed. Birds, birds, birds! Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1998.

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Federation, National Wildlife, ed. Birds, birds, birds! New York: Learning Triangle Press, 1998.

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ill, Mitchell Rhonda, ed. Mama bird, baby birds. New York: Orchard Books, 1994.

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shannandoah. birds: Birds. indana usa summitville indana: angie hill, 2006.

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Miller, Millie. Early bird: Western backyard birds. Boulder: Johnson Books, 1991.

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Alsop, Fred. Backyard birds. Birmingham, Ala: Crane Hill Publishers, 1998.

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Elizabeth, Fugitt, ed. A bird's-eye view of birds. Woodinville, Wash: Willow Press, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Birds"

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Kelly, Tom, John Healy, and Neil Coughlan. "Birds, ticks and climate change." In Climate, ticks and disease, 96–109. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249637.0015.

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Sparks, Tim H., Humphrey Q. P. Crick, Peter O. Dunn, and Leonid V. Sokolov. "Birds." In Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science, 421–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0632-3_26.

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Lingham-Soliar, Theagarten. "Birds." In The Vertebrate Integument Volume 2, 163–262. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46005-4_5.

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Beltzer, Adolfo H., and Martin A. Quiroga. "Birds." In The Middle Paraná River, 363–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70624-3_15.

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Dubbeldam, J. L. "Birds." In The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates, 1525–636. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18262-4_21.

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Calmé, Sophie, Barbara MacKinnon-H, Eurídice Leyequién, and Griselda Escalona-Segura. "Birds." In Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula, 295–332. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06529-8_12.

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Papi, F., and H. G. Wallraff. "Birds." In Animal Homing, 263–319. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1588-9_7.

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Lumeij, J. T. "Birds." In Medical History and Physical Examination in Companion Animals, 307–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0459-3_26.

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Sparks, Tim H., Humphrey Q. P. Crick, Peter O. Dunn, and Leonid V. Sokolov. "Birds." In Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science, 451–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6925-0_24.

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Jones, Paul D., Markus Hecker, Steve Wiseman, and John P. Giesy. "Birds." In Endocrine Disrupters, 272–303. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118355961.ch10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Birds"

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ДАМЬЯН, Надежда. "The symbolic of birds in Russian and world folklore." In Probleme ale ştiinţelor socioumanistice şi ale modernizării învăţământului. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46728/c.v3.25-03-2022.p93-97.

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The article emphasizes that exists different symbolic of birds in the folklore of many peoples in the world. Every image of bird reflects the whole system of believes and symbols. There were controversial opinions in the scientific community concerning these symbolic systems. However, the approach that consider symbolic as a complicated system has dominated recently. Basing on many sources, the author proves that the symbolic of birds in these sources have some regularities. The author suggests seven types of birds in the symbolic of birds. Sometimes these symbolic coincide among different folklore systems.

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Lee, Kok-Meng, Jeffry Joni, and Xuecheng Yin. "Imaging and Motion Prediction for an Automated Live-Bird Transfer Process." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2300.

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Abstract This paper presents the illumination design of a real-time live-bird imaging system for determining the size and initial presentation of a bird on a moving conveyor. A real-time live-bird imaging system presents a challenging design problem, for it must minimize the variability of the birds’ visual reflexes to mechanical processes, it must account for variations in bird size/shape/color, it must meet the cycle-time requirement, and yet provide an adequately illuminated environment to ease human supervision. In this paper, we first identify the variables needed for motion prediction. Second, by analyzing the bird visual perception we have developed a two-stage structured illumination that has the potential to minimize the demand on the control efforts of the transfer system, and to improve birds’ welfare and the ultimate product quality. Finally, we present the image algorithms and experimental results of the design evaluation using live birds. It is expected that the design principles presented in this paper provide essential bases for motion analysis, prediction, and control of an automated live-bird transfer process.

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Pruteanu, Augustina, Nicoleta Vanghele, Dan Cujbescu, Mihaela Nitu, and Iuliana Gageanu. "Review of effectiveness of visual and auditory bird scaring techniques in agriculture." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf056.

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Pests cause huge damage that leads to high losses in crops and implicitly to lower yields in the agricultural sector. Of these, birds are also harmful in terms of crop damage, especially for high value crops (vineyards, trees, cereals, vegetables). In the pre-harvest period, birds (starlings, blackbirds, pigeons, sparrows, sowing crows) can be able to destroy about 60-70% of the crop in a very short time. Complete crop loss is possible if no deterring mechanisms are used. Farmers want to find an easy and cost-effective way to keep birds away from their crops because uncontrolled birds can completely destroy the whole crop. Finding a balance is difficult, so even modern equipment and great efforts will not prevent all the damage caused by bird attack, some of these devices may cause disturbing environments for people if they are not properly managed. However, the right tools and good management can reduce the attack of birds and conserve more crops. Currently, large research is oriented toward the development of agricultural robots as tools in ecological research, but with extraordinary potential for biodiversity sampling, studies of population dynamics and ecosystem functioning, experimental biology and behavioral studies. Recently, drones have become increasingly accessible, and this currently leads to their widespread use for wildlife observation, the study of bird behavior. At present, there is no bird control technique that provides maximum protection for crops, so it is recommended to use a combination of scaring methods at the same time, namely: acoustics (propane cannons, pyrotechnic cartridges, speakers, etc.), visually (balloons, mirrors, reflective tapes, kites, lasers, drones, etc.) and physical (nets). In this context, this paper aims to identify the losses from different crops due to the attack of birds and proposes an integrated approach to effective visual and auditory removal techniques, such as to preserve the role of birds in the global balance of the environment.

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Chatzakou, Despoina, Nicolas Kourtellis, Jeremy Blackburn, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Gianluca Stringhini, and Athena Vakali. "Mean Birds." In WebSci '17: ACM Web Science Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3091478.3091487.

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Winter, Victor, and Betty Love. "Two Birds." In SIGCSE '17: The 48th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3017815.

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Frommholz, Ingo, Haiming Liu, and Massimo Melucci. "BIRDS 2021." In CHIIR '21: ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3406522.3446059.

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Ruiz, Daniel, Gabriel Salomon, and Eduardo Todt. "Can Giraffes Become Birds? An Evaluation of Image-to-image Translation for Data Generation." In Computer on the Beach. Itajaí: Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/cotb.v11n1.p176-182.

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There is an increasing interest in image-to-image translation withapplications ranging from generating maps from satellite images tocreating entire clothes’ images from only contours. In the presentwork, we investigate image-to-image translation using GenerativeAdversarial Networks (GANs) for generating new data, taking as acase study the morphing of giraffes images into bird images. Morphinga giraffe into a bird is a challenging task, as they have differentscales, textures, and morphology. An unsupervised cross-domaintranslator entitled InstaGAN was trained on giraffes and birds,along with their respective masks, to learn translation betweenboth domains. A dataset of synthetic bird images was generatedusing translation from originally giraffe images while preservingthe original spatial arrangement and background. It is important tostress that the generated birds do not exist, being only the result of alatent representation learned by InstaGAN. Two subsets of commonliterature datasets were used for training the GAN and generatingthe translated images: COCO and Caltech-UCSD Birds 200-2011.To evaluate the realness and quality of the generated images andmasks, qualitative and quantitative analyses were made. For thequantitative analysis, a pre-trained Mask R-CNN was used for thedetection and segmentation of birds on Pascal VOC, Caltech-UCSDBirds 200-2011, and our new dataset entitled FakeSet. The generateddataset achieved detection and segmentation results close tothe real datasets, suggesting that the generated images are realisticenough to be detected and segmented by a state-of-the-art deepneural network.

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Tomić, Marija, Nada Curović, and Ivan Milanov. "METODE PRAĆENJA I UBLAŽAVANJA UTICAJA VISOKONAPONSKIH NADZEMNIH VODOVA NA PTICE." In 35. Savetovanje Srpskog nacionalnog komiteta Međunarodnog saveta za velike električne mreže. Srpski nacionalni komitet Međunarodnog saveta za velike električne mreže CIGRE Srbija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/cigre35.0858t.

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Serbia is characterized by a high degree of biodiversity due to its ecologically favorable location. According to previous research, 74% of the avifauna of Europe is located on the territory of our country, with 42 areas important for birds (IBA - Important Bird Area). One of the products of rapid development of the modern world and the growing need for electricity are omnipresent transmission lines. Overhead high voltage lines, as linear infrastructure elements for the transmission of electricity, according to research, have been identified as one of the causes of bird mortality induced by humans. The need to protect wildlife has become more important than ever due to the current climate and environmental crisis. The strategy of preserving the increasingly disappearing bird fund requires primarly the identification and protection of the most important bird habitats, which requires the cooperation of experts from several different scientific fields. This paper represents technical and technological methods for reducing the negative impact of overhead high voltage lines on natural habitats and migration routes of birds, in other words, it represents methods for reducing bird mortality caused by collision with conductors and ground wires, both in Serbian transmission system and in the world. Furthermore, models for monitoring and analyzing the impact of overhead high voltage lines on birds, whose application in the future is also considered in our transmission system, are also presented.

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Khandogiy, A. V., E. K. Svistun, I. V. Gubich, V. V. Rottooth, N. А. Anishchenko, A. D. Petkevich, A. A. Neverko, et al. "BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE PARK ZONES OF MINSK." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-197-201.

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The article discusses the features of the ecology of birds in the parks of Minsk. The territorial heterogeneity of quantitative indicators of the bird population was determined. Factors that threaten birds in urban areas have been identified. Measures are proposed to preserve the species diversity of the avifauna and improve the ecological conditions of habitats in the parks of the capital, such as the creation of special recreation areas for people on the outskirts of park areas, conservation of tree species, planting trees and shrubs, conservation of forest litter, installation of artificial nests and feeders, use for night lighting more modern lighting fixtures, promoting the protection and conservation of the avifauna, educating citizens in a humane and caring attitude towards the animal world. It is concluded that the conservation of bird biodiversity should be addressed in a comprehensive manner, depending on the ecological specifics of a particular bird species and a particular park.

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Zhou, Yuanchun, Jing Shao, Xuezhi Wang, Ze Luo, Jianhui Li, and Baoping Yan. "Bird-SDPS: A Migratory Birds' Spatial Distribution Prediction System." In 2013 IEEE 9th International Conference on eScience (eScience). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/escience.2013.12.

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Reports on the topic "Birds"

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Brofsky, Isabel, and David King. Small, diversified farms in New England provide conservation opportunities for shrubland birds. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.7538599.nrcs.

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More than half of the shrubland birds that regularly breed in the Northeast have experienced population declines. In this study, investigators sampled birds and bird habitats on small, diversified farms across the Pioneer Valley of Massachusetts to assess their potential to support priority shrubland birds.

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Hubbard, Tani. Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network. 2023. Breeding bird monitoring protocol for the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network: Narrative, version 3.0 (revised September 2023). National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301758.

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Birds are an important component of park ecosystems. They also have a tremendous following among the public, and many parks provide information on the status and long-term trends of bird populations through their interpretive programs. With habitat vanishing, ecosystems being altered, and bird populations declining, we proposed monitoring bird communities on National Park Service lands within the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network. Monitoring breeding birds helps park managers protect birds by providing them with information about the current status and long-term trends in bird populations. This monitoring protocol consists of a protocol narrative (this document) and 10 standard operating procedures for monitoring breeding birds in Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network parks. The overall goals of the network breeding bird monitoring are (1) to identify signi?cant temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of bird communities that occur on parks during the breeding season and (2) to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the e?ects of management actions (such as prairie restoration or prescribed ?re) on bird populations by examining potential correlations between changes in speci?c habitat variables (e.g., vegetation structure, ground cover) and changes in bird community composition and abundance. This protocol narrative describes the sampling design for breeding birds, including the response design (data collection methods), spatial design (the park and survey plots within a park), and revisit design (timing and frequency of park visits). It also outlines ?eld methods for establishing survey plots, counting birds, and measuring habitat variables. Details can be found in the Standard Operating Procedures, which are listed in this report and available in the NPS DataStore (https://irma.nps.gov). This protocol narrative also summarizes procedures for data management and reporting, personnel and operating requirements, and instructions for how to revise the protocol.

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Seamans, Thomas, and Allen Gosser. Bird dispersal techniques. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207730.ws.

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Conflicts between humans and birds likely have existed since agricultural practices began. Paintings from ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Roman civilizations depict birds attacking crops. In Great Britain, recording of efforts at reducing bird damage began in the 1400s, with books on bird control written in the 1600s. Even so, the problem persists. Avian damage to crops remains an issue today, but we also are concerned with damage to homes, businesses, and aircraft, and the possibility of disease transmission from birds to humans or livestock. Bird dispersal techniques are a vital part of safely and efficiently reducing bird conflicts with humans. The bird must perceive a technique as a threat if it is to be effective. No single technique can solve all bird conflicts, but an integrated use of multiple techniques, each enhancing the other, generally provides relief.

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Avery, Michael L., and Martin Lowney. Vultures. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7008749.ws.

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Black and turkey vultures cause problems in several ways. The most common problems associated with vultures are structural damage, loss of aesthetic value and property use related to offensive odors and appearance, depredation to livestock and pets, and air traffic safety. Management of these diverse problems often can be addressed by targeting the source of the birds causing the problem, namely the roost where the birds spend the night. Often the roost itself is the problem, such as when birds roost on a communication tower and foul the equipment with their feces or when they roost in a residential area. Several methods are available for roost dispersal. Vultures are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and are managed by the federal government. Vultures may be harassed without federal permits, but can be killed only after obtaining a Migratory Bird Depredation Permit from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. State wildlife agencies may require state permits prior to killing migratory birds.

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Muxo, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Raul Urgelles, Joaquin Alonso, Judd Patterson, and Andrea Atkinson. Biscayne National Park colonial nesting birds monitoring protocol—Version 1.1. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290141.

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Breeding colonies of wading birds (orders Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes) and seabirds (orders Suliformes, Pelecaniformes) serve as important indicators of aquatic ecosystem health, as they respond to changes in food abundance and quality, contaminants, invasive species, and disturbance. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, Restoration Coordination & Verification program (CERP-RECOVER) has identified wading-bird colonies as an important ecosystem restoration indicator. The National Park Service South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFCN) ranked colonial nesting birds eighth out of 44 vital signs of park natural resource conditions for ecological significance and feasibility. However, while large-scale monitoring efforts are occurring in the rest of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, only minimal historic data collection and no extensive ongoing monitoring of wading bird and seabird nesting have occurred in Biscayne National Park. Consequently, due to their high importance as biological indicators and because they are a gap occurring in regional monitoring efforts, the network has initiated a monitoring program of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park. This protocol provides the rationale, approach, and detailed Standard Operating Procedures for annual colonial bird monitoring within and close to Biscayne National Park and conforms to the Oakley et al. (2003) guidelines for National Park Service long-term monitoring protocols. The specific objectives of this monitoring program are to determine status and long-term trends in: Numbers and locations of active colonies of colonial nesting birds with a special focus on Double-crested Cormorants, Great Egrets, Great White Herons, Great Blue Herons, White Ibises, and Roseate Spoonbills. Annual peak active nest counts of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park with a special focus on the species mentioned above. An annual nesting index (i.e., sum of monthly nest counts) with a special focus on the species mentioned above. Timing of peak nest counts for the focal species.

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Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287875.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Wilson’s Creek National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 38 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird survey, birds were surveyed on as many of the 38 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 444 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 119 different species of birds. Ninety-eight of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, 18 are classified as transients in the area, and 3 as winter residents to the area. Eight breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is located. Of the 98 breeding species recorded, 12 species in grassland habitat and 15 in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that no significant increases or decreases occurred but it is not certain that trends were <5% per year. The Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) population in grassland habitat was stable. The Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) and Eastern Wood-pewee (Contopus virens) populations in woodland habitat were in moderate decline. Comparing population trends on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Stable diversity, richness, and evenness values suggest that the park’s habitat has remained consistent in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. Any decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.

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Peitz, David. Bird community monitoring at Pea Ridge National Military Park, Arkansas: Status report 2008–2021. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294263.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Pea Ridge National Military Park, Arkansas in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park. These data also improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 99 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-minute sampling period were recorded. We surveyed for breeding birds in eight of the last 14 years on as many of the 99 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 592 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 111 different species of birds. Ninety-three of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, 11 as winter residents to the area, six as transients in the area, and one as a migrant through the area. Nine breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region Pea Ridge National Military Park is located within. Of the 93 breeding species recorded, 4 species occurred in grassland and 11 in woodland habitats in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. However, only the Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea), Eastern Wood-pewee (Contopus virens), Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus), and Tufted Titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor) in woodland habitats demonstrated any trends (moderate to strong increases) in abundance. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for the rest of the species in both grassland and woodland habitats, which means that no significant increases or decreases occurred, but it is not certain that trends were < 5% per year. Comparisons of population trends on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggest that the bird community at Pea Ridge National Military Park is faring similarly to or slightly better than that of the region as a whole. Stable diversity, richness, and evenness values suggest that the park’s habitat has remained consistent in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. Any increase or decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices but could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on Pea Ridge National Military Park as management and climatic conditions change is essential for park management. - -

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Bruce, Kate. Birds of a Feather. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1019.

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Peitz, David, and Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at George Washington Carver National Monu-ment, Missouri: Status report 2008–2020. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287852.

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Breeding bird surveys were initiated on George Washington Carver National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 70 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 100 x 100-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird surveys on the park, birds were surveyed on as many of the 70 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 520 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 100 different species of birds. Ninety-seven of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, two are classified as transients in the area, and one as a winter resident to the area. Six breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which George Washington Carver National Monument is located. Of the 97 breeding species recorded, ten species in grassland habitat and six in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that there were no significant increases or decreases, but it is not certain that trends were < 5% per year. The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) in woodland habitat was stable. The Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) in grassland habitat was in moderate decline, and the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) in grassland habitat was in steep decline. Comparing population trends (i.e., changes in population size over time) on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at George Washington Carver National Monument is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Trends in the park’s popula-tions of Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) and Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) in grassland habitat and Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) in woodland habitat were uncertain, whereas they declined significantly in the larger region, which could be a result of management on George Washington Carver National Monument. Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) population trends, while uncertain in grassland habitat on the park, increased significantly in the region. The Red-bellied Woodpecker utilizes trees for foraging, which are sparse in the grassland habitat on the park. Declining diversity and richness values suggest that park habitat is declining in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. This decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on George Washington Carver National Monument as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.

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Cable, Ted T., Scott Seltman, and Kevin J. Cook. Birds of Cimarron National Grassland. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-gtr-281.

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