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Academic literature on the topic 'Bird swing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bird swing"

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Davis, Aaron, James Macnae, and Greg Hodges. "Predictions of bird swing from GPS coordinates." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 6 (November 2009): F119—F126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3237143.

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Bird attitudes, with roll, pitch, and yaw angles, are required for modeling the measured electromagnetic response of the earth. Global Positioning System (GPS) antennas can be used in airborne electromagnetic (AEM) systems to monitor airborne platform attitude and bird maneuver. We have found evidence from photographic sequences that four GPS antennas, three on the bird and one on the aircraft, generally are adequate for angular and altitude geometry control. The mounting system for the bird frame introduces vibration noise. We have developed a model that predicts bird maneuver from the use of GPS antennas already present during routine airborne surveys. The bird motion, whether inline or crossline, is modeled from the difference between the aircraft location and the mean location of the bird. This also accurately predicts the roll of the bird when an inline yoke mounting is used. The minimum number of GPS antennas required to monitor the motion of a cylindrical electromagnetic (EM) bird typical of frequency-domain systems is two, one on the aircraft and one on the bird. We have defined optimum locations of GPS antennas to enable geometric monitoring of towed-bird systems. The findings suggest that the bird be mounted with two aerodynamically efficient GPS antennas, one on the nose and one on the tail. This enables the measurement of the pitch and yaw of the bird, with roll deduced using the third GPS on the helicopter.
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Evans, Alex. "Wing swing, not shape, is key to bird flight." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 3 (February 1, 2020): jeb211441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.211441.

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van Coppenolle, Isabel, and Peter Aerts. "Terrestrial locomotion in the white stork (Ciconia ciconia): spatio-temporal gait characteristics." Animal Biology 54, no. 3 (2004): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570756042484683.

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AbstractSlender legged stilt birds give the impression of striding more gracefully and more slowly than other bipeds when moving over ground, a behavioural characteristic often thought to be linked to the challenges imposed by walking on tendril stilts. To test the significance of this impression, video sequences (50 Hz) of free ranging storks were digitised and analysed. Spatio-temporal gait characteristics (stride length, step length, stride frequency, duty factor, swing phase duration) were determined and compared with those of other bird species and humans, taking account of speed of locomotion, leg length and body mass. Storks increase their speed mainly by increasing stride frequency, and to a lesser extent by taking longer strides. Step length is nearly independent of speed. As a result, the duty factor decreases when walking faster, becoming somewhat smaller than 0.5 m only at higher speeds. At speeds below 1.3 m/s swing phase duration decreases with increased walking velocity; at higher speeds swing phase duration remains nearly constant. In general, spatio-temporal gait characteristics do not differ in their dimensionless form from those of other bipeds. However, storks definitely walk much slower than would be expected from their size (leg length and mass). This suggests that these slender legged stilt birds, although walking dynamically similarly to other bipeds, do limit their walking speed, probably to avoid excessive musculo-skeletal stresses.
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Su, Jian-Yuan, Shang-Chieh Ting, Yu-Hung Chang, and Jing-Tang Yang. "A passerine spreads its tail to facilitate a rapid recovery of its body posture during hovering." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 72 (January 18, 2012): 1674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0737.

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We demonstrate experimentally that a passerine exploits tail spreading to intercept the downward flow induced by its wings to facilitate the recovery of its posture. The periodic spreading of its tail by the White-eye bird exhibits a phase correlation with both wingstroke motion and body oscillation during hovering flight. During a downstroke, a White-eye's body undergoes a remarkable pitch-down motion, with the tail undergoing an upward swing. This pitch-down motion becomes appropriately suppressed at the end of the downstroke; the bird's body posture then recovers gradually to its original status. Employing digital particle-image velocimetry, we show that the strong downward flow induced by downstroking the wings serves as an external jet flow impinging upon the tail, providing a depressing force on the tail to counteract the pitch-down motion of the bird's body. Spreading of the tail enhances a rapid recovery of the body posture because increased forces are experienced. The maximum force experienced by a spread tail is approximately 2.6 times that of a non-spread tail.
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Davis, Aaron C., and James Macnae. "Quantifying AEM system characteristics using a ground loop." GEOPHYSICS 73, no. 4 (July 2008): F179—F188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2943189.

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Quantitative interpretation of time-domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data is hampered by uncertainty in altimetry, system geometry, transmitter waveform, data averaging, and timing. We present a simple calibration method that serves to define these issues by the use of a closed multiturn loop of known electrical and physical properties that is insulated from the ground beneath it. By predicting the secondary response of the AEM receiver and comparing it with the measured data, we have identified and quantified systematic errors mentioned above in several systems. In addition, we identify an alternative subprocess that uniquely calculates altimeter and geometry errors by measuring the current induced in a ground loop of known properties and comparing it with predictions. The ground-loop method is used best over resistive cover to minimize limitations caused by nonuniform conductive ground and is a calibration tool that makes AEM data consistent with quantitative models. Fluctuating geometric errors caused by bird swing limit the accuracy of applying the geometry corrections from one flyover to an entire survey.
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Iosilevskii, G. "Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 2: short-term dynamic stability and trim." Royal Society Open Science 1, no. 2 (October 2014): 140249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140249.

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Thrust generation by flapping is accompanied by alternating pitching moment. On the down-stroke, it pitches the bird down when the wings are above its centre of gravity and up when they are below; on the up-stroke, the directions reverse. Because the thrust depends not only on the flapping characteristics but also on the angle of attack of the bird's body, interaction between the flapping and body motions may incite a resonance that is similar to the one that causes the swinging of a swing. In fact, it is shown that the equation governing the motion of the bird's body in flapping flight resembles the equation governing the motion of a pendulum with periodically changing length. Large flapping amplitude, low flapping frequency, and excessive tilt of the flapping plane may incite the resonance; coordinated fore–aft motion, that uses the lift to cancel out the moment generated by the thrust, suppresses it. It is probably incited by the tumbler pigeon in its remarkable display of aerobatics. The fore–aft motion that cancels the pitching moment makes the wing tip draw a figure of eight relative to the bird's body when the wings are un-swept, and a ring when the wings are swept back and fold during the upstroke.
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Daley, Monica A., and Andrew A. Biewener. "Leg muscles that mediate stability: mechanics and control of two distal extensor muscles during obstacle negotiation in the guinea fowl." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1570 (May 27, 2011): 1580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0338.

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Here, we used an obstacle treadmill experiment to investigate the neuromuscular control of locomotion in uneven terrain. We measured in vivo function of two distal muscles of the guinea fowl, lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and digital flexor-IV (DF), during level running, and two uneven terrains, with 5 and 7 cm obstacles. Uneven terrain required one step onto an obstacle every four to five strides. We compared both perturbed and unperturbed strides in uneven terrain to level terrain. When the bird stepped onto an obstacle, the leg became crouched, both muscles acted at longer lengths and produced greater work, and body height increased. Muscle activation increased on obstacle strides in the LG, but not the DF, suggesting a greater reflex contribution to LG. In unperturbed strides in uneven terrain, swing pre-activation of DF increased by 5 per cent compared with level terrain, suggesting feed-forward tuning of leg impedance. Across conditions, the neuromechanical factors in work output differed between the two muscles, probably due to differences in muscle–tendon architecture. LG work depended primarily on fascicle length, whereas DF work depended on both length and velocity during loading. These distal muscles appear to play a critical role in stability by rapidly sensing and responding to altered leg–ground interaction.
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Kang, Hyun-Mi, Eun-Kyoung Lee, Byung-Min Song, Jipseol Jeong, Hye-Ryoung Kim, Eun-Jin Choi, Yeun-Kyung Shin, Hee-Soo Lee, and Youn-Jeong Lee. "Genetic and pathogenic characteristics of H1 avian and swine influenza A viruses." Journal of General Virology 95, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 2118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.065524-0.

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This study examined the potential for cross-species transmission of influenza viruses by comparing the genetic and pathogenic characteristics of H1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) with different host origins in Korea. Antigenic and phylogenetic analyses of H1 AIVs circulating in Korea provided evidence of genetic similarity between viruses that infect domestic ducks and those that infect wild birds, although there was no relationship between avian and swine viruses. However, there were some relationships between swine and human viral genes. The replication and pathogenicity of the H1 viruses was assessed in chickens, domestic ducks and mice. Viral shedding in chickens was relatively high. Virus was recovered from both oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs up to 5–10 days post-inoculation. The titres of domestic duck viruses in chickens were much higher than those of wild-bird viruses. Both domestic duck and wild-bird viruses replicated poorly in domestic ducks. None of the swine viruses replicated in chickens or domestic ducks; however, six viruses showed relatively high titres in mice, regardless of host origin, and induced clinical signs such as ruffled fur, squatting and weight loss. Thus, although the phylogenetic and antigenic analyses showed no evidence of interspecies transmission between birds and swine, the results suggest that Korean H1 viruses have the potential to cause disease in mammals. Therefore, we should intensify continuous monitoring of avian H1 viruses in mammals and seek to prevent interspecies transmission.
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BARBER, DAVID A., PETER B. BAHNSON, RICHARD ISAACSON, CARL J. JONES, and RONALD M. WEIGEL. "Distribution of Salmonella in Swine Production Ecosystems." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 1861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.12.1861.

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The objective of this 2-year field survey was to sample multiple ecological compartments within swine production systems to identify potential sources of Salmonella infection for swine. Twelve single-site production systems within Illinois were identified by slaughter sampling to have detectable Salmonella in swine and therefore selected for study. There were four visits to each farm during a 5-month period. Fecal samples were obtained from swine and other wild and domestic mammals. Arthropods and environmental samples of feed, water, pen floors, boots, and bird feces were also collected. All 8,066 samples obtained were cultured to detect Salmonella. Salmonella was detected on 11 of the 12 farms. There were 206 positive cultures, including samples from swine (83), pen floors (54), boots (32), flies (16), mice (9), cats (3), and birds (3). Swine shedding Salmonella in feces were detected on 9 of the 12 farms. The more Salmonella-abundant ecological compartments were cats (12% of samples positive), boots (11%), bird feces (8%), flies (6%), and mice (5%); 2.1% of 4,024 swine samples were positive. All 221 feed samples were negative for Salmonella. There was a correlation between a farm having a high prevalence of shedding Salmonella in pigs and a high abundance on pen floors, flies, and boots. The most common serotypes detected were Derby, Agona, Worthington, and Uganda, which were distributed throughout the ecosystem, suggesting widespread transmission across ecological compartments. The ubiquitous distribution of Salmonella suggests that an effective control strategy must target multiple compartments of the swine production ecosystem.
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Valcic, Miroslav, and Sonja Radojicic. "Influenza - flu." Veterinarski glasnik 64, no. 1-2 (2010): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1002109v.

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In epidemiology or in epizootiology, there are some infectious diseases that have potential for significant reduction of the susceptible species population. Over the past few decades, epidemiologists were concentrated on diseases that were 'modern' and made front-page news in tabloids. One should recall diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy, SARS and AIDS syndromes. However, we should always be aware of the most dangerous diseases such as our old friend, influenza, or simply, flu. In the past decade, we heard about 'bird' or 'swine' influenza. It is the same disease for different animal species as well as for man. Influenza owes its characteristics to specific virus biology as well as to the epidemiology-epizootiology characteristics of the susceptible species. Antigenic changes that took place thanks to reassortment mechanisms of the viral gene segments cause the onset of the new antigenic combinations of the hemaglutinin and neuraminidase molecules. As a result, new H and/or N antigenic formulas appear for the first time in totally susceptible animal and human populations. That means that in such circumstances, no person in the world is immune to the virus. In that case, such a virus can cause a pandemic with disastrous consequences since influenza is a disease with significant mortality, especially in some segments of the human (as well as animal) population. Birds and swine are virus reservoirs, but these species are at the same time live test tubes in which the virus resides, changes and adapts itself not only to the original species but to other species as well. That means that there is no 'bird' or 'swine' flu. Influenza is an infection of several important animal species as well as man that have potential not only for the reduction of the population size but, in case of the human population, for influencing social and economic life. .
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bird swing"

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Davis, Aaron Charles, and aaron davis@rmit edu au. "Quantitative Characterisation of Airborne Electromagnetic Systems." RMIT University. Applied Physics, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080723.103030.

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I address the geometric problem of the pendulum-like swinging of towed birds for AEM platforms. I establish a link between actual observed bird swing and its effect on survey data for two different systems and explain the link by a model that compares actual survey data to the calculated mutual inductance coupling of a dipole pair over an infinitely conductive half space, which pair is permitted arbitrary pitch, roll and altitude changes. I develop a non-linear filter that removes bird swing effects from survey data which successfully corrected data from 3 different AEM surveys. Calibration of several different time domain AEM systems is attempted using an accurately laid out and surveyed, closed, multi-turn loop of known resistance and self-inductance that is placed on - but insulated from - resistive ground. I derive a rigourous mathematical model that predicts airborne receiver's response to the coupling to the transmitter current waveform and total system geometry. The method was proven to be successful over resistive ground, with significant system problems identified such as: altimetry error, spatial averaging of data during postprocessing, error in the predicted horizontal position of the AEM platform, receiver windowing and timing errors and bird swing. I show that, although we can calibrate a time domain AEM system for a single flyover, it is impossible to calibrate an AEM system for geometry. As an intermediate step in the calibration process, I show that by monitoring the current induced in the ground loop we can obtain the waveform of the AEM transmitter current throu gh deconvolution in the Fourier domain. Simple and cost effective methods for the improvement of quantitative AEM data are presented in this thesis. However, until the geometry problem of AEM platforms is solved, full system calibration will not be obtained and filters will need to be applied to the data. I recommend the use of: GPS antennas mounted on all towed birds, able to be post-processed for accurate position recovery, reliable bird-mounted scanning altimeters that do not rely on range-finding technology but instead employ a shortest path algorithm, pitch and roll sensors mounted on the trailed bird and the measurement of airspeed of both the towed bird and the aircraft during surveys.
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Jansson, Désirée S. "Genus Brachyspira in birds : phenotypes, phylogeny and pathogenicity /." Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200914.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Bird swing"

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ill, McEwan Chris, ed. Word Bird makes words with Pig: A short "i" adventure. Chanhassen, Minn: Child's World, 2002.

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Deborah, Crewe, ed. Jail bird: The life and crimes of an Essex bad girl. London: Simon & Schuster, 2013.

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author, Korhonen Kari 1973, ed. Angry Birds: Flight school. San Diego, CA: Idea & Design Works, LLC, 2017.

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Willems, Mo. There is a bird on your head! New York: Hyperion, 2007.

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Brooks, Joe E. A training manual on vertebrate pest management. Islamabad, Pakistan: National Agricultural Research Centre, 1990.

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Willems, Mo. Ni de tou shang you zhi niao. Nanning Shi: Jie li chu ban she, 2009.

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Deceptihogs versus autobirds. London: DK Publishing, 2014.

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Lard Vader's villains. New York: DK Publishing, 2013.

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The dreamer. San Francisco, California: Chronicle Books LLC, 2018.

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Francisco, Pérez Navarro, ed. Leyendas de la gran águila: El cómic. Barcelona: B de Blok, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bird swing"

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Nandy, Ashesh, Antara De, Proyasha Roy, Munna Dutta, Moumita Roy, Dwaipayan Sen, and Subhash C. Basak. "Alignment-Free Analyses of Nucleic Acid Sequences Using Graphical Representation (with Special Reference to Pandemic Bird Flu and Swine Flu)." In Synthetic Biology, 141–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8693-9_9.

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Lienhard, John H. "Taking Flight." In The Engines of Our Ingenuity. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135831.003.0010.

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The recurring fantasies of my childhood were dreams of flight. I doubt I differed from other children in my imaginings, and in my childish way I seriously tried to achieve flight. I jumped from the garage roof into snowbanks. I scaled trees and cliffs. I swung on ropes. It’s a good thing my mother never learned just how hard I worked at leaving the earth. Sprained ankles and bruised ribs eventually convinced me that my body was earthbound even if my mind was not. I turned to model airplanes. I lived inside those lovely, light, buoyant structures. They carried me with them into the sky. My inner eye gazed down on the land from their vantage above. This craving to fly is bred in the bone of our species. The old legends come out of the past with such conviction that we know some core of truth must undergird them. In Chapter 2 I refer to documented experiments with flight in the ninth and eleventh centuries. The Chinese flew humans in kites as early as the sixth century. One of the oldest and oddest intimations of early flight came out of the Cairo Museum in 1969. An Egyptian doctor named Khalil Messiha was studying the museum’s collection of ancient bird models. He found that all the models but one were similar. That one was made of sycamore wood. It was a little thing with a seven-inch wingspan. It caught Messiha’s attention because he saw it through the eyes of his childhood. He remembered the shapes and forms he had worked with when he built model airplanes as a boy. This was not a bird at all; it was a model airplane, and that was impossible. Yet the other birds had legs; this had none. The other birds had painted feathers; this had none. The other birds had horizontal tail feathers like a real bird. Perhaps that was the most important difference. Birds do not have to be stable in flight because they can correct their direction; but a model airplane needs a vertical rudder to keep it moving straight.
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Krause, Richard M. "Influenza, the Rockefeller Institute and, "The Swine Flu Episode, 1976"." In Bird Flu, 221–41. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812707338_0016.

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Wong, Agnes. "The Smooth Pursuit System." In Eye Movement Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195324266.003.0011.

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Smooth pursuit consists of conjugate eye movements that allow both eyes to smoothly track a slowly moving object so that its image is kept on the foveae. For example, smooth pursuit eye movements are used when you track a child on a swing. Only animals with foveae make smooth pursuit eye movements. Rabbits, for instance, do not have foveae, and their eyes cannot track a small moving target. However, if a rabbit is placed inside a rotating drum painted on the inside with stripes so that the rabbit sees the entire visual field rotating en bloc, it will track the stripes optokinetically. Humans have both smooth pursuit and optokinetic eye movements, but pursuit predominates. When you track a small, moving object against a detailed stationary background, such as a bird flying against a background of leaves, the optokinetic system will try to hold your gaze on the stationary background, but it is overridden by pursuit. Pursuit works well at speeds up to about 70°/sec, but top athletes may generate pursuit as fast as 130°/sec. Pursuit responds slowly to unexpected changes—it takes about 100 msec to track a target that starts to move suddenly, and this is why we need the faster acting vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to stabilize our eyes when our heads move. However, pursuit can detect patterns of motion and respond to predictable target motion in much less than 100 msec. Pursuit cannot be generated voluntarily without a suitable target. If you try to pursue an imaginary target moving across your visual field, you will make a series of saccades instead of pursuit. However, the target that evokes pursuit does not have to be visual; it may be auditory (e.g., a moving, beeping pager), proprioceptive (e.g., tracking your outstretched finger in the dark), tactile (e.g., an ant crawling on your arm in the dark), or cognitive (e.g., tracking a stroboscopic motion in which a series of light flashes in sequence, even though no actual motion occurs.
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Crawford, Dorothy H. "4. Emerging virus infections." In Viruses: A Very Short Introduction, 33–48. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198811718.003.0005.

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The term ‘emerging virus infection’ refers to both the emergence of an infectious disease caused by a virus that is new to the species it infects, and to a re-emerging infection, meaning that the disease is increasing in frequency, either in its traditional geographic location or in a new area. ‘Emerging viruses: vertebrate-transmitted viruses’ discusses examples such as swine flu, bird flu, Ebola virus, HIV, and the SARS and MERS coronaviruses. The differing patterns of emerging virus outbreaks depend on viral factors, including incubation period, disease manifestations and method of spread, and important host factors like living conditions, propensity to travel, and the success of any preventive measures.
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"An Ounce of Prevention: Bird Flu, Swine Flu, and the Politics of Pandemic." In Anticipatory Policymaking, 96–138. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315748160-9.

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"The Door Swings Both Ways: When Children Double Bind Their Parents." In Making Families Work and What To Do When They Don't, 79–84. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203046999-12.

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Kneeland, Timothy W. "Playing Politics with Disaster." In Playing Politics with Natural Disaster, 59–71. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748530.003.0005.

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This chapter examines how Richard Nixon mixed politics and policy in his response to Hurricane Agnes. To aid in winning his reelection bid in 1972, Nixon was determined to play politics with disaster relief legislation, mainly as it applied to New York and Pennsylvania. In order to gain Nixon as many votes as possible from the disaster, the Nixon White House wrote, and Congress enacted, the most generous disaster aid package in American history to that time: the Agnes Recovery Act of 1972. The relationship between disasters and elections has generated a body of research that shows a strong correlation between when and where presidents issue a disaster declaration. Disaster declarations are more frequent in highly competitive swing states during presidential election years, and presidents favor those states that may benefit them or their party in the election, as Nixon did in response to Hurricane Agnes.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bird swing"

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Macnae, James, Yusen Ley‐Cooper, and Aaron Davis. "HEM calibration and bird‐swing correction: An insular example." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2008. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3059158.

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Tareq HAMMOODI, Zeyad. "CORONA EPIDEMIC (COVD 19) BETWEEN SHARIA AND MEDICINE." In International Research Congress of Contemporary Studies in Social Sciences (Rimar Congress 2). Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress2-7.

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The Corona epidemic is a wide group of viruses that include viruses that can cause a group of illnesses in humans, ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome, as there is no definitive and specific treatment for the epidemic. The medicines used are helpful and supportive, and they mostly aim to reduce the patient’s temperature with the use of pulmonary resuscitation devices, as the body’s resistance depends on autoimmunity, as it is the main factor in preventing this epidemic, and here we must know the role of medical and forensic scholars in preventing and treating With what appears from this epidemic and other epidemics, we do not know when and how they will appear to the world. The emergence of this disease is an extension of several diseases before it and the so-called (contemporary diseases), which are contagious communicable diseases, including bird flonza disease, swine flonza, sass and AIDS, mad cow disease, Ebola, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus, yellow fever, and many others These diseases are epidemic.
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