Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bipolar

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bipolar'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Bipolar"

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Brieger, P. "Der Verlauf bipolarer Störungen." Nervenheilkunde 33, no. 12 (2014): 849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1627763.

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ZusammenfassungVerlaufsbeobachtungen sind von zentraler Bedeutung für das Verständnis bipolar affektiver Störungen. Eine reiche Literatur zu diesem Thema nennt auch entsprechende Prädiktoren. Dieser Artikel stellt neue Herangehensweisen vor: 1. Staging-Modelle bipolar affektiver Störungen, 2. die Frage zur Existenz des Kindling-Phänomens, 3. die Frage zum Einfluss der Polarität auf den Verlauf, 4. Überlegungen zur Entität „bipolare Störung” und 5. der Einfluss von Versorgungskonzepten auf den Verlauf bipolarer Störungen. Eine kritische, reflektierte und patientenorientierte Herangehensweise ohne Dogma tut Not.
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Karamatskos, Evangelos, and Jürgen Gallinat. "Bipolar-II-Störungen." Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie 90, no. 04 (April 2022): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1680-7187.

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Die bipolare affektive Störung (kurz: bipolare Störung) beschreibt eine Gruppe von affektiven Störungen, die durch depressive sowie manische/hypomane Episoden gekennzeichnet sind. Der Artikel befasst sich mit den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Herausforderungen der Bipolar-II-Störung.
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Pålsson, Erik, Lydia Melchior, Kristina Lindwall Sundel, Alina Karanti, Erik Joas, Axel Nordenskjöld, Mattias Agestam, Bo Runeson, and Mikael Landén. "Cohort profile: the Swedish National Quality Register for bipolar disorder(BipoläR)." BMJ Open 12, no. 12 (December 2022): e064385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064385.

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PurposeThe Swedish National Quality Register for bipolar affective disorder, BipoläR, was established in 2004 to provide nationwide indicators for quality assessment and development in the clinical care of individuals with bipolar spectrum disorder. An ancillary aim was to provide data for bipolar disorder research.ParticipantsInclusion criteria for registration in BipoläR is a diagnosis of bipolar spectrum disorder (ICD codes: F25.0, F30.1–F30.2, F30.8–F31.9, F34.0) and treatment at an outpatient clinic in Sweden. BipoläR collects data from baseline and annual follow-up visits throughout Sweden. Data is collected using questionnaires administered by healthcare staff. The questions cover sociodemographic, diagnostic, treatment, outcomes and patient reported outcome variables. The register currently includes 39 583 individual patients with a total of 75 423 baseline and follow-up records.Findings to dateData from BipoläR has been used in several peer-reviewed publications. Studies have provided knowledge on effectiveness, side effects and use of pharmacological and psychological treatment in bipolar disorder. In addition, findings on the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, risk factors for attempted and completed suicide and health economics have been reported. The Swedish Bipolar Collection project has contributed to a large number of published studies and provides important information on the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder, the impact of genetic variation on disease characteristics and treatment outcome.Future plansData collection is ongoing with no fixed end date. Currently, approximately 5000 new registrations are added each year. Cohort data are available via a formalised request procedure from Centre of Registers Västra Götaland (e-mail: registercentrum@vgregion.se). Data requests for research purposes require an entity responsible for the research and an ethical approval.
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Gersonde, Rainer. "BIPOMAC (Bipolar Climate Machinery)." PAGES news 16, no. 1 (January 2008): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.16.1.5.

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Trexler, E. Brady, Wei Li, and Stephen C. Massey. "Simultaneous Contribution of Two Rod Pathways to AII Amacrine and Cone Bipolar Cell Light Responses." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 3 (March 2005): 1476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00597.2004.

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Rod signals traverse several synapses en route to cone bipolar cells. In one pathway, rods communicate directly with cones via gap junctions. In a second pathway, signals flow rods-rod bipolars-AII amacrines-cone bipolars. The relative contribution of each pathway to retinal function is not well understood. Here we have examined this question from the perspective of the AII amacrine. AIIs form bidirectional electrical synapses with on cone bipolars. Consequently, as on cone bipolars are activated by outer plexiform inputs, they too should contribute to the AII response. Rod bipolar inputs to AIIs were blocked by AMPA receptor antagonists, revealing a smaller, non-AMPA component of the light response. This small residual response did not reverse between −70 and +70 mV and was blocked by carbenoxolone, suggesting that the current arose in on cone bipolars and was transmitted to AIIs via gap junctions. The residual component was evident for stimuli 2 log units below cone threshold and was prolonged for bright stimuli, demonstrating that it was rod driven. Because the rod bipolar-AII pathway was blocked, the rod-driven residual current likely was generated via the rod-cone pathway activation of on cone bipolars. Thus for a large range of intensities, rod signals reach the inner retina by both rod bipolar-AII and rod-cone coupling pathways.
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Vloet, Jennifer A., and Ulrich F. Hagenah. "Pharmakotherapie bipolarer Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter." Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 37, no. 1 (January 2009): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.37.1.27.

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Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Bipolare Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter sind seltene, aber ernste und oft zu weitreichenden Behinderungen in allen Lebensbereichen führende Erkrankungen. Im Zentrum der Behandlung steht die Pharmakotherapie, die über die Akutbehandlung hinaus meist mehrjährig als Rückfallprophylaxe fortgesetzt werden muss. Methodik: Durchgeführt wurde eine Medline-Recherche (Pubmed), mit der Suchstrategie: bipolar - mania - adolescents - early onset - pediatric onset - randomized - controlled trial - neuroleptics - antipsychotics - lithium - moodstabilizer. Ergebnisse: Trotz weit verbreiteter Anwendung von für das Erwachsenenalter etablierten Substanzen bei bipolar erkrankten Kindern und Jugendlichen existiert aktuell eine nur unzureichende Datenlage zur Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der Anwendung in dieser Altersgruppe. Die Interpretation der Datenlage aus überwiegend offenen Studien wird durch die Kontroverse bezüglich der diagnostischen Validität bipolarer Störungen bei Kindern erschwert. Nebenwirkungen treten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen unter allen eingesetzten Substanzen häufiger und ausgeprägter auf als bei Erwachsenen und limitieren den Einsatz. Schlussfolgerungen: Auch wenn die vorliegenden Daten auf eine Wirksamkeit und ausreichende Verträglichkeit von atypischen Neuroleptika und Moodstabilizern in der Akutbehandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit bipolarer Störung weisen, sind zusätzliche Placebo-kontrollierte Studien und Studien zur Langzeitbehandlung dringend erforderlich.
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Fietz, Cornelia. "Krankheitskosten – Summieren sich die Krankheitskosten bei multiplen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen?" Gesundheitsökonomie & Qualitätsmanagement 24, no. 02 (April 2019): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0888-6301.

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Broder MS et al. Health Care Resource Use, Costs, and Diagnosis Patterns in Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Real-world Evidence From US Claims Databases. Clin Ther 2018; 40(10): 1670–1682 Schizophrenie und bipolare Störung sind schwerwiegende psychiatrische Erkrankungen, die trotz eigener ICD-Klassifikation nicht immer klar voneinander abzugrenzen sind. Bei vielen Patienten überlappen die Symptome beider Krankheitsbilder. Die Autoren untersuchen Diagnose-Muster, Ressourcenverbrauch und Krankheitskosten bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie und bipolarer Störung allein und in Kombination.
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Burkhardt, Dwight A., and Patrick K. Fahey. "Contrast Enhancement and Distributed Encoding by Bipolar Cells in the Retina." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 1070–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1070.

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Burkhardt, Dwight A. and Patrick K. Fahey. Contrast enhancement and distributed encoding by bipolar cells in the retina. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1070–1081, 1998. Responses of bipolar cells, cone photoreceptors, and horizontal cells were recorded intracellularly in superfused eyecup preparations of the tiger salamander ( Ambystoma tigrinum). Contrast flashes of positive and negative polarity were applied at the center of the receptive field while the entire retina was light adapted to a background field of 20 cd/m2. For small contrasts, many bipolar cells showed remarkably high contrast gain: up to 15–20% of the bipolar response was evoked by a contrast step of 1%. There was considerable variation from cell to cell but, on average, no striking differences in contrast gain were found between the depolarizing (Bd) and hyperpolarizing (Bh) bipolar cells. Quantitative comparisons of contrast/response measurements for cone photoreceptors and cone-driven bipolars suggest that the high contrast gain of bipolars is the consequence of a 5–10 × amplification of small signals across the cone → bipolar synapse. Bipolar cells had a very restricted linear range of response and tended to saturate at stimulus levels that were within the linear range of the cone response. The contrast/response of horizontal cells was similar to that of cones and differed markedly from that of Bh cells. For steps of equal contrast, the latency of the Bh cells was ∼20 ms shorter than that of the Bd cells regardless of the contrast magnitude. For both bipolar cells and cones, the effect of contrast polarity on latency seems largely due to the absolute value of the light step, Δ L. In the large signal domain, properties of the contrast responses of bipolar cells varied appreciably, both within and between the Bd and Bh classes. Cells of either class could be positive- or negative-contrast dominant. These and additional results show that in the light-adapted retina, the bipolar population is functionally diverse and has the potential to provide a rich substrate for distributed encoding of visual images.
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Wässle, Heinz, Masayuki Yamashita, Ursula Greferath, Ulrike Grünert, and Frank Müller. "The rod bipolar cell of the mammalian retina." Visual Neuroscience 7, no. 1-2 (August 1991): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252380001097x.

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AbstractThree approaches to study the function of mammalian rod bipolar cells are described. Extracellular recordings from the intact cat eye under light- and dark-adapted conditions showed that in dark-adapted retina all light responses can be blocked by 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB). Immunocytochemical staining with an antibody against protein kinase C (PKC) labeled rod bipolar cells in all mammalian retinae tested. When rat retinae were dissociated, PKC immunoreactivity was also found in isolated bipolar cells and could be used for their identification as rod bipolars. Patch-clamp recordings were performed from such dissociated rod bipolar cells and their responses to APB were measured. APB closed a nonselective cation channel in the cell membrane. The actions of GABA and glycine were also tested and both opened chloride channels in dissociated rod bipolar cells. These results suggest that rod bipolar cells are depolarized by a light stimulus and that GABA as well as glycine modulate their light responses.
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QIN, PU, and ROBERTA G. POURCHO. "Localization of AMPA-selective glutamate receptor subunits in the cat retina: A light- and electron-microscopic study." Visual Neuroscience 16, no. 1 (January 1999): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523899161121.

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The distribution of AMPA-selective glutamate receptor subunits was studied in the cat retina using antisera against GluR1 and GluR2/3. Both antisera were localized in postsynaptic sites in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) as well as the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Immunoreactivity for GluR1 was seen in a subpopulation of OFF cone bipolar cells and a number of amacrine and ganglion cells. Within the IPL, processes staining for GluR1 received input from OFF and ON cone bipolar cells but not from rod bipolars. Labeling for GluR2/3 was seen in horizontal cells, an occasional cone bipolar cell, and numerous amacrine and ganglion cells. In the IPL, GluR2/3 staining was postsynaptic to cone bipolar cells in both sublaminae. AII amacrine cells which receive rod bipolar input were also labeled for GluR2/3. With both antisera, staining was limited to a single member of the bipolar dyad complex, providing morphological evidence for functional diversity in glutamatergic pathways.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bipolar"

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Verdolini, Norma. "Self and Hetero-Aggression: Clinical Implications in Bipolar Disorder and Mixed States." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665442.

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The poorest outcomes in bipolar disorder are represented by self-aggressive (i.e. deliberate self-harm, attempted or completed suicide) and hetero-aggressive violent behaviors. A better understanding of the clinical factors associated with both the risk of criminal behavior and the risk of self-injurious behaviors among individuals suffering from bipolar disorder may improve the course of illness and the risk management. The main objective of this doctoral thesis was to evaluate the psychiatric correlates of self- or hetero-aggression in the context of bipolar disorder, particularly in those patients presenting mixed features. The five published articles included in this thesis had different study designs: Study I. A meta-analysis including studies on the association between bipolar disorder and violent criminal behaviors; Study II. A cross-sectional study assessing clinical correlates of deliberate self-harm and suicide attempts in prisoners, particularly mood disorders and bipolar disorder; Study III. A post-hoc analysis of the Bipolar Disorders: Improving Diagnosis, Guidance and Education (BRIDGE)-II-MIX multicentric study aimed at evaluating hetero-aggression as a mixed feature during a major depressive episode and its relationship with other clinical variables, such as the lifetime history of suicide attempts. Study IV. Another post-hoc analysis of the BRIDGE-II-Mix study focused on the clinical relevance of the intertwined association between affective lability and mood reactivity and their correlation with other mixed symptoms, particularly verbal or physical hetero-aggression and suicide attempts. Study V. A critical systematic review of guidelines on the treatment of mixed states with a methodological quantitative quality assessment of included articles and a specific focus on challenging aspects such as hetero- and self-aggression. One every fourteen patients suffering from bipolar disorder reported violent criminal behavior. Even though the association with violent criminality was not significant when patients suffering from bipolar disorder were compared with patients suffering from any other psychiatric disorder, the chance of committing violent criminal behavior was smaller in patients with bipolar disorder than in those suffering from psychotic disorders but higher in comparison with patients with depressive disorders. In meta-regression analyses, no significant moderators emerged. The associations for violent criminal behaviors in bipolar disorder in comparison with patients suffering from anxiety, alcohol and drug abuse/dependence and personality disorders were not significant. Mood disorders as well as psychoses, borderline personality disorder and poly-drug use were the most relevant clinical predictors of deliberate self-harm in prison. In the sample of affective patients evaluated during a major depressive episode, the presence of aggressive behaviors was mainly related with bipolarity and the most relevant clinical variable associated with aggression was the presence of mixed features. A significant increase of the risk for aggressive behaviors associated with the presence of lifetime suicide attempts has been observed. As for the association between affective lability with other mixed symptoms, irritable mood and impulsivity were directly significantly associated with affective lability. These two clinical features are two of the most important mediators of self-aggressive behaviors. Despite this, affective lability was not correlated with a higher rate of suicide attempts. The identification of self- and hetero-aggressive behaviors represented the target of a tailored treatment strategy in the subgroup of bipolar disorder patients characterized by a shared psychopathological “aggressive” dimension and mixed characteristics. in conclusion, the self- and hetero-aggressive components of bipolar disorder have been investigated in this doctoral thesis, leading to a better and broader knowledge on the topic, with important implications for the every-day clinical practice and in terms of treatment strategies, both in psychiatric and in correctional settings.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral fue evaluar los correlatos clínicos de auto o hetero-agresiones, en el contexto del trastorno bipolar, con especial foco en aquellos pacientes que presentan características clínicas mixtas. Los cinco artículos incluidos tenían diseños de estudio diferentes: I. Meta-análisis de estudios sobre la asociación entre trastorno bipolar y conductas criminales violentas; II. Estudio transversal que evalúa los correlatos clínicos de autolesiones e intentos de suicidio en presos, en particular trastornos afectivos y trastorno bipolar; III. Análisis post-hoc del estudio BRIDGE-II-MIX, con el objetivo de evaluar la hetero-agresión considerada como característica mixta durante un episodio depresivo, y su relación con otras variables clínicas, como la historia de intentos de suicidio; IV. Análisis post-hoc del estudio de BRIDGE-II-MIX, enfocado en la importancia clínica de la asociación entrelazada entre la labilidad afectiva y la reactividad de humor y su correlación con otros síntomas mixtos, en particular la hetero-agresión verbal o física; V. Revisión crítica sistemática de guías clínicas sobre el tratamiento de estados mixtos con una evaluación cuantitativa de la calidad metodológica de los artículos incluidos. Uno cada catorce pacientes que padecen de trastorno bipolar presentó una conducta criminal violenta. La posibilidad de cometer una conducta criminal violenta era menor en pacientes con trastorno bipolar que en aquellos que padecen de trastornos psicóticos, pero mayor en comparación con pacientes con trastornos depresivos. Los análisis de meta-regresión no detectaron moderadores significativos. Los trastornos afectivos así como las psicosis, el trastorno límite de personalidad y el consumo de diferentes tóxicos eran los factores clínicos de riesgo más relevantes de autolesiones en la cárcel. En la muestra de pacientes afectivos evaluados durante un episodio depresivo, la presencia de comportamientos agresivos principalmente fue relacionada con la bipolaridad y la variable más relevante clínica asociada con agresión, fue la presencia de características mixtas. Se observó además un aumento significativo del riesgo para comportamientos agresivos asociados con la presencia de intentos suicidas previos. La identificación de comportamientos auto y hetero-agresivos representa el objetivo de una estrategia de tratamiento adaptada en el subgrupo de pacientes con trastorno bipolar, caracterizado por una dimensión psicopatológica "agresiva" compartida.
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Hur, Cem. "Tackling Bipolar Disorder." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.731716.

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Patterson, Steven Gregory. "Bipolar cascade lasers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8805.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis addresses issues of the design and modeling of the Bipolar Cascade Laser (BCL), a new type of quantum well laser. BCLs consist of multiple single stage lasers electrically coupled via tunnel junctions. The BCL ideally operates by having each injected electron participate in a recombination event in the topmost active region, then tunnel from the valence band of the first active region into the conduction band of the next active region, participate in another recombination event, and so on through each stage of the cascade. As each electron may produce more than one photon the quantum efficiency of the device can, in theory, exceed 100%. This work resulted in the first room temperature, continuous-wave operation of a BCL, with a record 99.3% differential slope efficiency. The device was fully characterized and modeled to include light output and voltage versus current bias, modulation response and thermal properties. A new singlemode bipolar cascade laser, the bipolar cascade antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide laser, was proposed and modeled.
by Steven G. Patterson.
Ph.D.
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Pipe, Kevin P. (Kevin Patrick) 1976. "Bipolar thermoelectric devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16614.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-133).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The work presented here is a theoretical and experimental study of heat production and transport in bipolar electrical devices, with detailed treatment of thermoelectric effects. Both homojunction and heterojunction devices are considered, and particular attention is given to semiconductor laser diodes. The mechanisms that govern both internal heat exchange and heat transfer between a device and its environment are examined, leading to structures which are optimized for thermal management.
by Kevin Patrick Pipe.
Ph.D.
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Walker, Megan Anna Hein. "bipolar[i].discuss()." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23805.

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This MFA thesis uses the medium of computer language to explore the chaos underlying Bipolar I Disorder, an enigmatic and disruptive illness. Using creative coding to generate a series of abstract systems representing human traits, I explore the common truth that pervades the seemingly randomness of mental illness: we all break the same.
Master of Fine Arts
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Suvar, Erdal. "SiGeC Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3674.

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Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) based on SiGeC havebeen investigated. Two high-frequency architectures have beendesigned, fabricated and characterized. Different collectordesigns were applied either by using selective epitaxial growthdoped with phosphorous or by non-selective epitaxial growthdoped with arsenic. Both designs have a non-selectivelydeposited SiGeC base doped with boron and a poly-crystallineemitter doped with phosphorous.

Selective epitaxial growth of the collector layer has beendeveloped by using a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition(RPCVD) technique. The incorporation of phosphorous and defectformation during selective deposition of these layers has beenstudied. A major problem of phosphorous-doping during selectiveepitaxy is segregation. Different methods, e.g. chemical orthermal oxidation, are shown to efficiently remove thesegregated dopants. Chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) hasalso been used as an alternative to solve this problem. The CMPstep was successfully integrated in the HBT process flow.

Epitaxial growth of Si1-x-yGexCy layers for base layerapplications in bipolar transistors has been investigated indetail. The optimization of the growth parameters has beenperformed in order to incorporate carbon substitutionally inthe SiGe matrix without increasing the defect density in theepitaxial layers.

The thermal stability of npn SiGe-based heterojunctionstructures has been investigated. The influence of thediffusion of dopants in SiGe or in adjacent layers on thethermal stability of the structure has also been discussed.

SiGeC-based transistors with both non-selectively depositedcollector and selectively grown collector have been fabricatedand electrically characterized. The fabricated transistorsexhibit electrostatic current gain values in the range of 1000-2000. The cut-off frequency and maximum oscillation frequencyvary from 40-80 GHz and 15-30 GHz, respectively, depending onthe lateral design. The leakage current was investigated usinga selectively deposited collector design and possible causesfor leakage has been discussed. Solutions for decreasing thejunction leakage are proposed.

Key words:Silicon-Germanium-Carbon (SiGeC),Heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT), chemical vapordeposition (CVD), selective epitaxy, non-selective epitaxy,collector design, high-frequency measurement, dopantsegregation, thermal stability.

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Knowles, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Psychology of bipolar disorder." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488262.

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A behavioural high risk paradigm was used to investigate cognitive vulnerability to bipolar disorder in a group of individuals at high risk of developing symptoms, and similar measures were administered to a group of bipolar patients whose symptoms were currently in remission. High risk was defined as a combination of elevated scores on both the Hypomanic Personality Questionnaire and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale. The research addressed several psychological models of bipolar disorder including response styles, behavioural engagement, circadian rhythm disruption, self-esteem instability and the manic defence, as well as cognitive reactivity to musical mood induction and the impact of mood on emotion recognition. In the initial analogue study, hypothetically low-, medium- and high-risk participants were compared on measures of the models listed. High-risk participants displayed a uniquely dysfunctional combination of rumination and risk-taking coping behaviours, high behavioural inhibition and activation scores, irregular and unrestful sleep, highly unstable self-esteem, heightened sensitivity to positive and negative mood induction, and a moodcongruent bias in their perception of ambiguous facial expressions relative to the low-risk participants. They had also experienced significant levels of affective symptomatology consistent with their high-risk status. The subsequent clinical study compared remitted bipolar patients to remitted unipolar depressed patients and healthy controls. The bipolar group displayed more ruminative coping, high behavioural inhibition, disrupted and inefficient sleep, unstable selfesteem, and a clear manic defence when compared to the controls. The remitted bipolar patients also reported greater shifts in mood and self-esteem following both mood induction procedures than the controls. The remitted bipolar patients were therefore very similar to both the unipolar depressed group and the high-risk analogue participants in cognitive terms. Taken together, the results support the use of behavioural high-risk paradigms in investigations of bipolar disorder, and confirm the involvement of the presently examined cognitive and psychosocial factors in conferring vulnerability to bipolar symptomatology.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Stephan Mühlig, and Lukas Pezawas. "Natural course and burden of bipolar disorders." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-117282.

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Despite an abundance of older and more recent retrospective and considerably fewer prospective-longitudinal studies in bipolar disorders I and II, there are still remarkable deficits with regard to our knowledge about the natural course and burden. The considerable general and diagnosis-specific challenges posed by the nature of bipolar disorders are specified, highlighting in particular problems in diagnostic and symptom assessment, shifts in diagnostic conventions and the broadening of the diagnostic concept by including bipolar spectrum disorders. As a consequence it still remains difficult to agree on several core features of bipolar disorders, such as when they begin, how many remit spontaneously and how many take a chronic course. On the basis of clinical and epidemiological findings this paper summarizes (i) a significant need to extend the study of the natural course of bipolar disorder in clinical samples beyond the snapshot of acute episodes to the study of the mid-term and long-term symptom course, associated comorbidities and the associated burden of the disease. (ii) In terms of epidemiological studies, that are also of key importance for resolving the critical issues of threshold definitions in the context of the bipolar spectrum concept, there is a clear need for identifying the most relevant risk factors for the first onset and those for the further illness progression in early stages. Since there are some indications that these critical processes might start as early as adolescence, such studies might concentrate on young cohorts and clearly before these prospective patients come to clinical attention. (iii) The value of both types of studies might be enhanced, if beyond the use of standardized diagnostic interview, special attempts are made to use prospective life- and episode-charting methods for bipolar illnesses.
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Nayeem, Mustayeen B. "Applied mechanical tensile strain effects on silicon bipolar and silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar devices." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07182005-102447/.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Dr. John D. Cressler, Committee Chair ; John Papapolymerou, Committee Member ; Joy Laskar, Committee Member.
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Hillegers, Manon Hubertine Johanna. "Developing bipolar disorder a follow-up study among children of patients with bipolar disorder /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/301812861.

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Books on the topic "Bipolar"

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Río, Aurora. Bipolar. Madrid: Amargord Ediciones, 2011.

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H, Hart P. A., ed. Bipolar and bipolar-MOS integration. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1994.

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Kiesbye, Stefan. Bipolar disorder. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press/Gale Cengage Learning, 2010.

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Akiskal, Hagop S., and Mauricio Tohen, eds. Bipolar Psychopharmacotherapy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470017953.

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Yatham, Lakshmi N., and Mario Maj, eds. Bipolar Disorder. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.

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Akiskal, Hagop S., and Mauricio Tohen, eds. Bipolar Psychopharmacotherapy. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470975114.

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Marneros, Andreas, and Jules Angst, eds. Bipolar Disorders. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47521-9.

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Soares, Jair C., and Allan Young, eds. Bipolar Disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107477278.

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Maj, Mario, Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan José López-Ibor, and Norman Sartorius, eds. Bipolar Disorder. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047084650x.

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Maj, Mario, Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan José López-Ibor, and Norman Sartorius, eds. Bipolar Disorder. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047084650x.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bipolar"

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Weik, Martin H. "bipolar." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 123. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1579.

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Watson, Catriona. "Bipolar." In Collaborative Ethnographic Working in Mental Health, 60–81. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003154235-4.

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Healy, David. "From Mania to Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 1–7. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch1.

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Sabes-Figuera, R., D. Razzouk, and Paul E. McCrone. "Economics of Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 90–95. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch10.

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Post, Robert M., and Marcia Kauer-Sant'Anna. "An Introduction to the Neurobiology of Bipolar Illness Onset, Recurrence and Progression." In Bipolar Disorder, 96–109. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch11.

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Lohoff, Falk W., and Wade H. Berrettini. "Genetics of Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 110–23. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch12.

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Brambilla, Paolo, and Jair C. Soares. "Structural Brain Imaging in Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 124–32. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch13.

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Lyoo, In Kyoon, and Perry F. Renshaw. "Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 133–99. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch14.

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Brooks, John O., Po W. Wang, and Terence A. Ketter. "Functional Brain Imaging Studies in Bipolar Disorder: Focus on Cerebral Metabolism and Blood Flow." In Bipolar Disorder, 200–209. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch15.

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Nakic, Marina, John H. Krystal, and Zubin Bhagwagar. "Neurotransmitter Systems in Bipolar Disorder." In Bipolar Disorder, 210–27. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470661277.ch16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bipolar"

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Xu, Jiang, Junsong Yuan, and Ying Wu. "Bipolar grouping." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2010.5583062.

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Zavjalov, M. A., and V. A. Syrovoy. "Bipolar beams." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Anatoly M. Filachev. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.552088.

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Saraswathi, C., P. Narasimha Swamy, K. Vijay Kumar, and L. Bhaskar. "Bipolar fuzzy gamma near-algebra over bipolar fuzzy field." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICMSA-2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0014927.

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Pifarré, Marc, and Oscar Tomico. "Bipolar laddering (BLA)." In the 2007 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1389908.1389911.

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Tang, D. D., and T. H. Ning. "Advances in Bipolar IC Technology." In Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/peo.1987.thd1.

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Si bipolar transistors and integrated circuits are widely used for high-performance gate arrays and high-speed cache, memories, and have since become the backbone of the high speed computers. In recent years, steady improvements in the understanding of the design and scaling of the small dimension bipolar transistors together with the advances in the process technology have led to the realization of ever faster bipolar transistors and circuits.
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Javidi, B., C. J. Kuo, and S. F. Odeh. "Bipolar Joint Transform Image Correlator." In Spatial Light Modulators and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slma.1988.fb2.

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Recently, we have introduced a bipolar joint transform image correlator+ with substantially superior performance compared to the classical optical correlator. The bipolar image correlator uses nonlinearity at the Fourier plane to binarize the Fourier transforms’ interference intensity to only two values, 1 and -1. The performance of the bipolar optical correlator has been compared to the classical optical correlator in the areas of light efficiency, correlation peak to sidelobe ratio, autocorrelation bandwidth, and cross-correlation sensitivity. The correlation signals obtained by the conventional technique suffer from low light efficiency, large correlation sidelobes, large autocorrelation bandwidth, and low discrimination ability. It was shown that compared to the classical correlator, the bipolar joint transform correlator provides significantly higher peak intensity, larger peak to sidelobe ratio, narrower autocorrelation bandwidth, and better cross-correlation sensitivity. The bipolar joint transform correlator produces delta function-like autocorrelation signals, and much narrower and smaller zero order term on the optical axis. Since the autocorrelation functions have delta function features, larger reference images can be used and the restrictions on the locations of the images and their autocorrelation bandwidth, which exists for the classical joint Fourier transform correlator, is eliminated.
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Dziedzic, Mateusz, Slawomir Zadrozny, and Janusz Kacprzyk. "Towards bipolar linguistic summaries: a novel fuzzy bipolar querying based approach." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2012.6251185.

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AKISKAL, HAGOP S. "BIPOLAR II: PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SOFT BIPOLAR SPECTRUM." In IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0060.

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Jie, Bin B., and Chih-Tang Sah. "The bipolar theory of the Bipolar Field-Effect Transistor: Recent advances." In 2008 9th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated-Circuit Technology (ICSICT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2008.4734585.

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Liang, Lin, and Petrosky. "A dynamic thermo-feedback model for bipolar transistor." In Proceedings of IEEE Bipolar/BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting BIPOL-93. IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bipol.1993.617508.

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Reports on the topic "Bipolar"

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CORELLA LÓPEZ, DAVID, and José Antonio Manzanares Andreu. Producción de hidrógeno a partir de agua de mar mediante membranas bipolares. Fundación Avanza, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.60096/fundacionavanza/2382022.

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En este trabajo se modelizan el transporte iónico y la electrólisis del agua en membranas bipolares con el objeto de identificar la influencia de diferentes parámetros propios del diseño de la membrana bipolar.
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Borup, Rodney L., Rangachary Mukundan, Tommy Rockward, Mike Brady, Jeff Thomson, Dionissios Papadias, Rajesh Ahluwalia, Heli Wang, and John Turner. (Metal) Bipolar Plate Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1344346.

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Kopasz, John P., Thomas G. Benjamin, and Deanna Schenck. 2017 Bipolar Plate Workshop Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1406358.

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Crooks, Richard M. Very Large Arrays of Bipolar Electrodes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582881.

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Cooper, James A., and Jr. Exploratory Development of SiC Bipolar Transistors and GaN Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors for High-Power Switching Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413135.

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Rodwell, Mark, M. Urtega, D. Scott, M. Dahlstrom, and Y. Betser. Ultra High Speed Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor Technology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413790.

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Haack, David P. Scale-up of Carbon/Carbon Bipolar Plates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/950868.

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Miller, D. L., and P. M. Asbeck. Fundamental Aspects of Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor Technology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada171225.

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Wang, Conghua. Low Cost PEM Fuel Cell Metal Bipolar Plates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1082136.

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Chu, Deryn, Rongzhong Jiang, Charles Walker, Richard Jacobs, and Krist Gardner. Performance and Evaluation of Bipolar Fuel Cell Stacks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada374909.

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