Journal articles on the topic 'Biotopic diversity'
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Kininmonth, Stuart, Thorsten Blenckner, Susa Niiranen, James Watson, Alessandro Orio, Michele Casini, Stefan Neuenfeldt, Valerio Bartolino, and Martin Hansson. "Is Diversity the Missing Link in Coastal Fisheries Management?" Diversity 14, no. 2 (January 28, 2022): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14020090.
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Fisheries management has historically focused on the population elasticity of target fish based primarily on demographic modeling, with the key assumptions of stability in environmental conditions and static trophic relationships. The predictive capacity of this fisheries framework is poor, especially in closed systems where the benthic diversity and boundary effects are important and the stock levels are low. Here, we present a probabilistic model that couples key fish populations with a complex suite of trophic, environmental, and geomorphological factors. Using 41 years of observations we model the changes in eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua), herring (Clupea harengus), and Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus balticus) for the Baltic Sea within a Bayesian network. The model predictions are spatially explicit and show the changes of the central Baltic Sea from cod- to sprat-dominated ecology over the 41 years. This also highlights how the years 2004 to 2014 deviate in terms of the typical cod–environment relationship, with environmental factors such as salinity being less influential on cod population abundance than in previous periods. The role of macrozoobenthos abundance, biotopic rugosity, and flatfish biomass showed an increased influence in predicting cod biomass in the last decade of the study. Fisheries management that is able to accommodate shifting ecological and environmental conditions relevant to biotopic information will be more effective and realistic. Non-stationary modelling for all of the homogeneous biotope regions, while acknowledging that each has a specific ecology relevant to understanding the fish population dynamics, is essential for fisheries science and sustainable management of fish stocks.
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Belitskaya, M. N., I. R. Gribust, V. E. Drevin, Z. Ch Morozova, and E. A. Zenina. "Phyllophages biotopic distribution in sparsely wooded regions plantations." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1138, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1138/1/012021.
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Abstract The study of the main woody plants entomofauna diversity peculiarities in sparsely wooded regions with arid climate is an urgent scientific direction and the basis for the design of ecologically balanced multifunctional plantations in the arid zone. The presented materials illustrate the peculiarities of the arthropod phyllophages diversity of trees growing in the FSC of Agroecology RAS dendrological collections. The species and quantitative abundance of individual ecological and trophic groups of fauna, types of damage to plants’ different parts of the Ulmaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae families and a number of others were revealed. The structure of the dendrophages community was assessed. The insects’ orders distribution features according to the types of plantations were analyzed.
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Koval, Nelya, Sergii Glotov, and Vasyl Chumak. "Rove beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) communities of the upper forest line of the Ukrainian Carpathians: structure and biotopic distribution (on the example of the Polonynskyi ridge)." GEO&BIO 2021, no. 21 (December 30, 2021): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/gb2115.
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The results of studies of species diversity, community structure, and biotopic distribution of rove beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) at the upper forest line on the Yavirnyk and Stinka mountain ridges (Polonynskyi massif, Ukrainian Carpathians) are presented. As a result, 91 species of Staphylinidae belonging to 53 genera and 10 subfamilies were found. In particular, 71 species were found on Yavirnyk, and 69 species on Stinka. The largest number of species was noticed on meadows of both ridges: 48 species on Yavirnyk and 51 on Stinka. The lowest number of species was recorded in in ecotones: 39 species on Yavirnyk and 40 on Stinka. The rove beetle dominant complex of the Yavirnyk ridge includes four species, including two eudominants—Eusphalerum alpinum and Philonthus politus, and two dominants—Eusphalerum anale and Philonthus decorus. The dominant complex of the Stinka ridge includes six species: three eudominants—Eusphalerum alpinum, Ocypus macrocephalus, and Staphylinus erythroptery, and three dominants in almost equal proportions—Anotylus mutator, Dinothenarus fossor, and Philonthus decorus. All indices of species richness and diversity of the rove beetle communities have higher values on the Stinka ridge, and they are the highest in forest biotopes of both mountain ridges, which indicates their high ecological quality and stability. This is also confirmed by the highest rate of originality of the species composition of Staphylinidae in these areas. The most similar in species composition are the rove beetle communities of meadows. The original fauna of rove beetles of Yavirnyk is represented by 25 species, and of Stinka by 19 species. Among the species of Staphylinidae, 18 occurred in all biotopes of the upper forest line, which is 19.8% of the total number of species found here. In terms of trophic specialization, predators that live in the forest floor, among remains of organic origin and in fungi predominate in all biotopes of the upper forest line (UFL). In terms of biotopic distribution, eurytopic species predominate.
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Lisovets, O. I., D. S. Ganzha, and O. O. Mylnikova. "Biotopic diversity and ecomorphic analysis of the Gryshkiv lis tract (Poltava)." Питання степового лісознавства та лісової рекультивації земель 50 (October 29, 2021): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/442103.
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The study of ecosystem and biotope biodiversity of park ecosystems allows to identify the most valuable plant objects in their composition, to assess the degree of stability of existing groups and to identify current threats of anthropogenic impact on them. Gryshkiv Lis tract (Poltava, Kyiv region) is one of the centers of natural phytodiversity conservation and is an array of deciduous forests with an area of about 50 hectares, located adjacent to residential areas of the city. Research materials were collected during field expeditions in August–September 2021 using generally accepted geobotanical methods. The list of higher plants found on the territory of the Gryshkiv Lis tract includes 154 species belonging to 3 classes, 51 families. The most numerous of them are Asteraceae – 19%, Poaceae – 14%, Rosaceae – 11% and Lamiaceae – 10%. There are two species of plants listed in the Red Book of Ukraine and seven species are regionally rare plants. One plant group was identified in the Green Book of Ukraine. Ecomorphic analysis of species showed that mesophytes, sciogeliophytes and mesotrophs predominate in the study area. Thus, the proportions of hygromorphs, heliomorphs and tropomorphs are close to the structure of the typical flora of the forest-steppe zone, which indicates favorable development conditions for zonal forest vegetation. However, in the spectrum of cenomorphs the share of ruderants is quite significant – almost 20%, the percentage of adventitious species is close to 3%. This indicates a significant anthropogenic transformation of the flora of the surveyed object. Habitat classification was carried out in accordance with the structure of the National Catalog of Habitats of Ukraine. Studies have shown that in the tract "Grishkiv Lis" there are at least 7 habitats, including forest (Eastern European mesophilic eutrophic deciduous forests of forest-steppe and steppe zones), swampy (reedbeds normally without freestanding water, beds of large Carex spp.), shrubbery (lowland and collinar riverine willow scrub, Central European subcontinental thickets), grassy (mesophile fringes), synanthropic (ruderal biotops of perennial nitrophilic type grasses). The dominant habitat of the Gryshkiv Lis tract is natural deciduous forests. The studied object represents a characteristic type of vegetation for the forest-steppe zone – maple-linden oak wood (anthropogenically transformed) with elements of waterlogging. Its central areas are represented by stands with a high degree of preservation of the structure and have good prospects for preservation and restoration with moderate efforts. Recommendations for the preservation of floristic diversity and vegetation of the Gryshkiv Lis tract include the introduction of a system of biotechnical measures to support ecosystems, including restrictions and regulation of recreation, elimination of natural landfills, sewage disposal and elimination of unauthorized buildings. The territory has environmental, scientific, aesthetic and recreational significance. Creation here of a protected area will help preserve the coenotic, landscape and biological diversity of Poltava region.
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H., Hushtan. "The diversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of grassland ecosystems of Latorica and Borzhava river basins." Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum, no. 34 (August 20, 2018): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36885/nzdpm.2018.34.75-80.
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The diversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of grassland ecosystems of Latorica and Borzhava river basins As a result of our research, taxonomic and ecological diversity of oribatid mites in the ecosystems of the basins of the Latoritsa and Borzhava rivers has been established. For the studied territory, the species composition of the oribatid mites is established, which includes 109 species (57 genus, 40 families). The dominant qualitatively are the following families of oribatid mites: Oppiidae, Suctobelbidae, Brachychthoniidae, Scheloribatidae, Oribatulidae. The richest qualitative composition is represented by the Oribatida of the following genera: Suctobelbella, Scheloribates, Oppiella, Achipteria, Ramusella, Steganacarus, Notrus, Scutovertex, Ceratozetes, Punctoribates. The ecological diversity of oribatid mites is investigated. There are 12 morphoekotypes (METs) of Oribatida for the Latoritsa and Borzhavy river basins. The most represented are 4 METs (10-26 species per morphoecotype). For the investigated ecosystems, representatives of 4 biotope groups of oribatid mites: forest, forest-meadow, meadow and eurytopic species. The studied groups of Oribatids are 6 ecological groups by hygropreferendum. These include hygrophilous, hygro-mesophilous, mesophilous, meso-xerophilous, xerophilous and eurybiontic. The most diverse in terms of quality are the forest biotopic group and species-hygrophilous (31 and 30 species, respectively).
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Holloway, J. D. "Macrolepidoptera diversity in the Indo-Australian tropics: geographic, biotopic and taxonomic variations." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 30, no. 4 (April 1987): 325–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb00306.x.
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Anissimova, Olga V. "Euastrum (Zygnematophyceae) from Europea: diversity, ecology, distribution." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 1(25) (2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-1(25)-85-92.
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Euastrum is one of the most important genus of desmids, have been selected as widely represented in the flora of the water bodies of Europe. The algal samples were collected from different localities of ten regions of European part of Russia. Cells of 50 species of Euastrum was examined in scanning electron microscope. Cell wall of the Euastrum have some specific pits, which are called scrobicles. Its size, shape and quantity vary from species to species. Out of more than 250 species Euastrum, described 73 taxa for which the preference for acidity of the environment, biotopic confinement, and distribution over Europe and other continents are known. The dictionary of the most used terms is given.
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Tsapko, N. V. "IXODID TICKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ABKHAZIA: DISTRIBUTION, NUMBER AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES." Medical parasitology and parasitic diseases, no. 1 (2024): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33092/0025-8326mp2024.1.8-15.
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The article analyzes the biological diversity of the fauna of the ticks of the Republic of Abkhazia. Their biotopic confinement and parasite-host bonds at different stages of ontogenesis are considered. According to the materials of the authors ' collections, literary sources and partially the collections of the FKUZ Stavropol antiplague institute of Rospotrebnadzor for the territory of Abkhazia, data on 14 ticks species are given. Comparatively low species diversity is due to insufficient study of the ticks of Abkhazia. Key words: ticks, host-parasite relationships, tick-borne infections, Abkhazia.
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Curtean-Bănăduc, Angela. "Biotope Determinants of EPT Assamblages Structure – Târnava Watershed (Transylvania, Romania) Case Study." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0067.
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Abstract This study aims to analyze the biotopic factors affecting the EPT assemblage diversity in the rivers of the Târnava Watershed. Our research revealed that the high diversity of the Plecoptera communities is associated with river reaches with boulder and cobble lithological substrate, accentuated slope and natural bank dynamics, and also it is directly correlated with dissolved oxygen and inversely correlated with chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, total hardness, nitrates and total nitrogen in the water. The high diversity of the Trichoptera communities is associated with water which presents moderate quantities of nutrients (total phosphorus, phosphates) and with river reaches with heterogeneous structures (where runs and bends were present). The diversity of the Ephemeroptera communities is positively correlated with the multiannual average flow and riverbed width.
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Mikhaylova, T. V., I. S. Mescheryakova, T. N. Demidova, M. I. Kormilitsyna, D. A. Kvasov, Yu I. Stepkin, and D. B. Trankvilevsky. "Features of the Biotopic Distribution of Different Species of Small Mammals and their Role in Supporting the Natural Foci of Tularemia in the North-Eastern Part of the Voronezh Region." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 14, no. 3 (June 20, 2015): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2015-14-3-37-41.
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Different species of small mammals (SM) (539 total), cached in Voronezh region, were examined for antigen and DNA of Francisella tularensis. The basic species of SM involved in circulation of F. tularensis were revealed. The features of the biotopic distribution of infected SM on the territory of the natural foci were shown. The diversity of species SM ensures long operation and epizootic activity of the natural foci of tularemia.
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Baranov, Aleksander A., Maksim A. Naiman, Ksenia K. Bannikova, Olga N. Buchneva, and Lyubov V. Yunosova. "Species composition and ecological groupings of birds of extrazonal transformed landscapes of Yenisei Siberia in the spring and summer period." Samara Journal of Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023123102.
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The article presents the results of a pilot study conducted in May–June 2022 in the places of interpenetration of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe and subtaiga, where extrazonal transformed landscapes were formed. An important role in this was played by such factors as the location of the territory on the border of natural zones, the dismembered hilly-rocky terrain, active human economic activity, which also caused the high mosaic of biotopes. As a result, there is an overlap of ranges of typically forest and steppe bird species, as well as their nesting in close proximity to each other, which is explained by their ecological specialization. During this period, 105 species and subspecies of birds belonging to 13 groups were noted. All the diversity is distributed by ecological groups that correspond to the large biotopes identified in the study area: small-leaved birch and mixed forests; forest edges, felling and chopping; coniferous forests; high-stemmed and shrubby floodplain forests; residential landscapes; wetland complex; high-grass and low-grass open areas. Some phenological data, information on the biotopic placement, abundance and nesting of birds collected in the process of route hiking are presented.
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Matsyura, А. V. "ЛАНДШАФТНО-БИОТОПИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ОСТРОВОВ СИВАША ДЛЯ ГНЕЗДЯЩИХСЯ ПТИЦ." Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University 1, no. 01 (April 5, 2011): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/20111_09.
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<p>Landscape and biotopic characteristics of some Sivash islands are presented. The principal role of these factors for the support of the bird species diversity is proved. It is suggested that the islands’ genesis determines the dominant vegetation and the breeding habitats for the birds. Two types of islands – accumulative and continental are considered.</p> <p><em>Key words: Sivash, islands, birds, vegetation</em></p>
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Tsybulskiy, Oleksandr, Volodymir Trylis, Olena Hupalo, and Oleksandr Savytskiy. "Biological Diversity of Sula River (Ukraine) Under Different Hydrological Conditions." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 25, no. 2 (August 1, 2023): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2023-0013.
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Abstract Hydrobiological research of the main components of the biota of the lower reaches of the Sula River was conducted. The river flows into the Kremenchutsk Reservoir. Zoobenthos, zooperiphyton, vascular water plants, and ichthyofauna in lotic and lentic microbiotopes were studied. Species and communities of protected status were stated. It was shown, that a significant share (about 30%) consists of rheophilic species. 28 species of fish were registered in the studied area, of which eight are invasive species and 10 are under protection. The biotopic distribution of different fish species, and the intensity of the downstream migration of juvenile fishes in spatial, temporal, and species aspects were estimated. It was identified, that about 12 million young fish migrate from the researched part of the Sula River to the Kremenchuk reservoir during the season.
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Zinchenko, Т. D., V. K. Shitikov, and E. V. Abrosimova. "PLANKTON AND BENTHIC COMMUNITIES OF SALINE RIVERS IN THE BASIN OF THE HYPERGALEEN ELTON LAKE (RUSSIA): MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF COUPLED STRUCTURES AND STATISTICAL RELATIONSHIPS." Vladimir Ya. Levanidov’s Biennial Memorial Meetings 10 (June 21, 2023): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/levanidov.10.09.
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Prielton region (the Caspian lowland area, the basin of the hyperhaline Lake Elton) based on the study of plankton and benthic communities in August 2013 and 2018. The results of hydrobiological samples taken at 15 stations of fi ve saline rivers were used for multivariate statistical analysis. Using statistical models of species distribution, it has been established that heterogeneity of planktonic and bottom communities diversity is caused by biotopic diff erences and salinity level of water environment. It is shown that for highly saline systems of arid regions a clear separation of life forms of planktonic and bottom communities are not obvious.
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Tyumaseva, Z. I., and E. V. Guskova. "Biotopic distribution of Lady Beetles (Сoleoptera, Сoccinellidae) in the central part of Western Siberia (Russia)." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 4 (December 22, 2017): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_108.
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The species diversity of Coccinellidae in the central part of Western Siberia is represented by 36 species belonging to 6 tribes and 22 genera. The peculiarities of Coccinellidae distribution into 12 biotopes is caused by the relief uniqueness, floral richness and anthropogenic influence. In forest formations, the species composition of Coccinellidae in mixed, pine-spruce-birch and pine-birch forests is the most abundant, with 23, 19, and 15 species of lady beetles, respectively.
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Goblyk, K., I. Kaprus, O. Orlov, and M. Ragulina. "Transformation of collembola communities of flood habitats of the Transcarpation lowland under the influence of draining melioration." Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series, no. 86 (July 7, 2022): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2022.86.06.
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Collembola’s communities of flood complexes in the Transcarpathian lowlands and changes in their taxonomic, biotopic and ecological structures under the influence of hydrotechnical melioration on the example of Latoritsa River were investigated. Two types of biotopes: natural (floodplain meadows of river valleys) and hydro-ameliorated (lowland hay meadows) have been studied. Because of our research, 46 species of Collembola were discovered in the meadow biotopes of natural and transformed floodplain complexes. In the meadow habitats of the meliorated floodplain (dammed from the river), the total species richness is greater than in the flooded (37 species). The upper litter and deep-soil forms of colembols are predominated in the life forms spectrum of the natural floodplain. The spectrum of biotope groups, which dominated eurytopic and meadow-steppe species groups, together make up 46% of the total diversity. Hydrotechnical melioration of the floodplain leads to an increase in Entomobryidae and Hypogastruridae families and a decrease in Neanuridae, compared to undrained part of floodplain. Members of all major families of Collembola presented in a composition of investigated taxonomical groups. Hydrotechnical melioration of the floodplain leads to an increase in the species richness of the Entomobryidae and Hypogastruridae families and the reduction of Neanuridae. Thus, the transformation of the investigated floodplain complexes causes a noticeable increase in the number of meadow, meadow-steppe and meadow-forest species in the fragmentized Colembolla taxocenes, a significant decrease in the forest, meadow-bogs species and the total elimination of near-water ones. So, in the spectra of the hygropreference, a decrease in the representation of hygrophilic and hygro-mesophilic Collembola complexes due to their substitution by xero-mesophilic and xeroresistant groups were recorded for a certain ecological vector. The ecological structure destruction of Collembola communities, which are reflected through a appreciable reconstructions of taxocenes and changes of their structural and functional integrity, indicate a negative transformations in floodplain complexes under the hydrotechnical melioration.
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Simonov, P. S. "ORB-WEAVER SPIDERS (ARANEI: ARANEIDAE) OF THE ASKOLD ISLAND (PRIMORIE, THE PETER THE GREAT GULF)." Ekosistemy, no. 22 (2020): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2414-4738-2020-22-114-121.
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The fauna of spiders on the islands of the Peter the Great Gulf in the south of the Far East is poorly studied. Data on the species composition, abundance and biotopic distribution of orb-weaver spiders (Aranei: Araneidae) of Askold Island are given in the paper for the first time. The island is located in the Peter the Great Gulf in the south of Primorskii krai. The material was collected in autumn of 2014, 2015 and in August 2016. In autumn, random collection of spiders was made. In summer 2016, 21 key sites were selected on the island. The size of each site is 3×25 m. The spiders were collected using a sweeping method supplemented with a manual method. The biotopic correspondence of 12 species of spiders belonging to 7 genera was revealed. It has been established that the distribution of spiders throughout the island is uneven. The greatest diversity is noted in broad-leaved polydominant forests. Araneus ventricosus (L. Koch, 1878) whose density reaches 15 specimens per 100 m2 dominates there. Rocky beaches have the lowest species diversity. The only species is found there – A. ventricosus (density 4 specimens per 100 m2). Only Neoscona adianta (Walckenaer, 1802) (density 10 specimens per 100 m2) inhabits the swampy area with sedges. The map of the density of orb-weaver spiders has been compiled on the basis of original data of the author and satellite images. This map allows to estimate the distribution and density of population of spiders over the area of Askold island in the summer. Alenatea cf. wangi Zhu et Song, 1999 and Pronoides brunneus Schenkel, 1936 are recorded on the islands of the Peter the Great Gulf for the first time.
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Shcherbak, V. I., N. Ye Semeniuk, O. A. Davydov, and D. P. Larionova. "Present-day characteristics of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton of the Kaniv reservoir." Algologia 33, no. 3 (September 6, 2023): 147–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg33.03.147.
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The paper considers the present-day taxonomic and ecological diversity, spatial patterns of phytoplankton and algae on the interface of two phases: water – substratum (microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton) in the most typical biotopes of Kaniv Reservoir in summer seasons of 2017–2022. 301 species (311 intraspecific taxa) of algae have been identified from 142 genera, 75 families, 44 orders, 15 classes and 8 phyla. At the phyla level Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria dominated. The highest number of species and infraspecific taxa – 143 (146) have been found in microphytobenthos. The highest diversity at the level of genera (98), families (57), orders (37), classes (11) and phyla (7) was observed for the phytoplankton. The phytoplankton was dominated by Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta, the microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton – by Bacillariophyta. The highest level of species similarity has been recorded between the algal communities at the interface of two phases: water – substratum, the highest dissimilarity – between phytoplankton and phytoepiphyton. According to geographic distribution cosmopolite species prevail, according to saprobity – χ-ο- and β-mesosaprobic organisms, according to salinity preferences – indifferent species, according to pH preferences – alcalifilic species. According to biotopic preference typically planktonic and eurytopic forms dominate the phytoplankton, and benthic and eurytopic forms dominate the microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton. Comparing the present-day findings with the retrospective data has not shown any significant changes in the phytoplankton and the microphytobenthos structures. As before, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and, to a lesser extent, Cyanobacteria continue to dominate in phytoplankton, and Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta – in microphytobenthos. It is explained by natural internal processes prevailing in Kaniv Reservoir, relatively stable level of human impact, and constant algal flow from Kyiv Reservoirs and tributaries. Nowadays phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton are distinguished by high taxonomic diversity and play an important role in Kaniv Reservoir biodiversity.
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Fedun, O. M., O. Ye Usov, and G. G. Gavris. "Breeding Avifauna Of The Waste Water Treatment Plants, Located In Northern Left-Bank Part Of Ukraine." Vestnik Zoologii 49, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2015-0014.
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Abstract Over the years 2005–2012 avifauna was studied of 17 waste water treatment plants, located in the Chernihiv and Sumy Regions (northern left-bank) of Ukraine. 81 species of 30 families and 14 orders were registered. Taking into account landscape and technological peculiarities of the waste water treatment plants the follows zones of the birds’ distribution were distinguished: zone of water areas, agro-meadows zone, zone of dams, technological zone. It was noted that birds occurred in different zones unevenly. Maximal species number and diversity of ecological structure of the breeding avifauna was noted within the water bodies and dams. In terms of landscape-biotopic characteristic in waste water treatment plants dominated dendrophilous and wetland birds.
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Maramokhin, E. V. "XYLOTROPHIC BASIDIOMYCETES OF SMALL-LEAVED FORESTS OF THE KOSTROMA REGION." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/20-1/01.
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This paper provides an overview of the biology and species diversity of xylotrophic basidiomycetes, as well as the biotopic relationships of xylotroph mycobiota with phytocenoses. Ecological groups of these organisms are considered in connection with substrate specialization and their species similarity in birch and aspen small-leaved forests of different pharmacy. A brief assessment of the influence of the anthropogenic factor on the biological diversity of the represented group of organisms is given. For the first time, the Kostroma region is divided into southern, central, and northern parts to assess species diversity depending on weather, climate, and phytocenotic factors. The data on the study of changes in the degree of integration of mycocenoses of birch and aspen forests within the studied areas of the region are presented. In total, over 60 species of xylotrophic basidiomycetes were found in the small-leaved forests in the region, among which 38 species primarily affected birch forests and 40 species of pathogenic xylotrophic basidiomycetes have tropism for P. tremula. It was established that species belonging to the Coriolaseae family predominate in the species composition of wood-destroying mycobiota; they comprise about 27% of the total species composition in birch forests and about 24% of the species composition in aspen forests.
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Butorina, Lyudmila G. "The intra-population variability of a freshwater crustacean Polyphemus pediculus (Cladocera, Onychopoda)." Fundamental and Applied Limnology / Archiv für Hydrobiologie 193, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/fal/2019/1226.
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A discriminant canonical analysis was employed to study the morphometric structure of a shallow-water local population during the open-water period, and of an autumn deep-water local population extending from the depths of 1.2 m to 23.6 m. Statistically treated data on 11 quantitative and 12 meristic features of 505 mature individuals from the shallow-water population and 294 specimens from the deep-water population were analyzed in the study. P. pediculus belongs to an ecologically polymorphic species. The morphometric structure of local populations of the species and its peculiarities are governed by the environmental conditions of the habitat and have an adaptive value. The population structure is unstable, subject to spatial and temporal variations together with the biotopic and seasonal variations of the environment. A continuous sympatric speciation proceeding in the populations leads to the formation of a number of phenotypes adapted to the existence in specific sub-niches. The morphometric structure of the shallow-water population is formed by three short-term seasonal races having statistically significant differences, and following in succession in correspondence with the change of season. Their morphometric diversity and variability reduce from spring to autumn; the highest statistically significant differences are peculiar to the autumn race. Crustaceans of the summer months do not display statistically significant differences between each other. Morphometric differences between seasonal races do not exceed the limits of the species variability range, and are conditioned mainly by variations in the total length of Ant II and in the number of setae in the medial rows of thoracic limbs of the I-III pairs. The morphometric structure of the deep-water population is more complex and stable, and is formed by three permanent morphoforms, which differ statistically significantly from each other and exist at different depths: the main (1.2–4.7 m), the intermediate (9.3 m) and the deep water (23.6 m). The degree and the accuracy of differences between the morphoforms increase with the depth of habitation. Permanent biotopic races are present at different depths within the morphoforms. The races of the intermediate and the deep-water morphoforms differ statistically significantly from the races of the main morphoform. The races of the main morphoform do not have any statistically significant differences between them. The number of crustaceans permanently present within the biotopic races increases with the habitation depth, and the number of individuals performing vertical migrations reduces. The deep-water morphoform is the most isolated and stable. A considerable divergence of quantitative features is observed in the specimens of this morphoform, resulting in the formation of a new species P. deepwater. Morphometric differences of the biotopic races are conditioned mainly by variations in the total length of Ant II, the length of the caudal stem and setae, Ant I free segments, the head diameter, and the number and length of setae on the third segments of endopodites of thoracic limbs of the I-III pairs.
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Atrashkevich, G. I. "Spiny-headed worms (Acanthocephala) in the basin of the Sea of Okhotsk: taxonomic and ecological diversity." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 313, no. 3 (September 25, 2009): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2009.313.3.350.
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For the first time the inventory of the taxonomic composition of the spiny-headed worms has been carried out in the basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. It has revealed their high biodiversity. We have registered 100 species and forms of 28 genera of 17 families of 8 orders of 3 classes in composition of the phylum Acanthocephales. Spiny-headed worms of hydrotopic species, both sea and freshwater, totally dominate in the basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. Parasitic systems of the background species of the sea spiny-headed worms are basically composed by the dominant species of intertidal and near-shore sea amphipods, and besides of decapods as intermediate hosts. Structure and biotopic belonging of parasitic systems of the freshwater spiny-headed worms species in the region are determined by the freshwater crustaceans belonging to ostracods of genera Cypria and Candona, amphipods of the genus Gammarus and isopods, namely water slaters of the genus Asellus. Broad transmission of the spiny-headed worms within certain ecosystems and over the basin of the Sea of Okhotsk is realized by their definite and parathenic hosts. Short- and long-distance migrant fishes, birds and mammals are most important among them.
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Khramtsov, V. N. "Identification of valuable biotopes based on detailed geobotanical mapping in the territories of St. Petersburg proposed for protection." Geobotanical mapping, no. 2020 (December 2020): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/geobotmap/2020.39.
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Identification of valuable biotopes was carried out on the example of a small territory —the “Gagarka” forest park, located on the Northern coast of the Gulf of Finland within the borders of St. Petersburg (Fig. 1). Field data on landscapes, vegetation, flora and fauna were collected in 2018 to proof the need to create a specially protected natural territory of regional significance. The study area of 58.7 ha is an accumulative sea terrace with absolute elevations not exceeding 2.5 m above sea level. Despite of small area size, the vegetation is quite diverse and it is represented by the coniferous (spruce and pine) forests, several types of black alder forests, tree and shrub fens, littoral meadows, coastal and aquatic vegetation. Rare species of herbaceous plants and shrubs listed in the Red books of the Russian Federation (Krasnaya…, 2008) and St. Petersburg (Krasnaya…, 2018) are recorded and they often dominate in the plant communities. The preservation of biological diversity may be successful only if the landscapes and the biotopes hosting plant and animal species, including rare ones, are protected. Objects of protection can be both rare and typical ones for the regional biotopes. The environmental value of biotopes of the “Gagarka” forest park was assessed according to the following criteria: ecotopic (areas with rare and specific landforms, soils, hydrochemical regime), geobotanical (the presence of primary plant communities, rare plant communities; widespread, but with a tendency to reduce the area as a result of natural or anthropogenic impacts), floristic (the presence of rare species and species located on the border of their ranges), faunistic (the presence of rare animal species, the species richness of fauna, the presence of permanent habitats of animals and birds, as well as biotopes used in certain seasons: during breeding, nesting, molting and migration). In addition, the compliance of biotopes with the European habitat classification EUNIS (European Nature Information System) was taken into account (Davies et al., 2004, EUNIS, 2018). Plant communities are the main indicator of habitats, and their borders mark the boundaries of habitats. In this regard, the geobotanical map (Fig. 2) is the basis for creating a map of biotopes. In addition to the geobotanical map, the map of actual landscapes, the map of the locations of rare plant species, and faunistic materials were used to create a map of valuable biotopes (Materialy…, 2018). It shows 6 types of habitats, that are particularly important for the conservation of biological and biotopic diversity (Fig. 3). All valuable habitats of the “Gagarka” forest park are located in the littoral zone of the Gulf of Finland and near its coast. They are grouped into 4 categories: black alder forests as a model of natural tree communities of the Littorina terrace and habitats of rare plant and animal species, coastal fens as rare plant communities on the territory of St. Petersburg and habitats of rare plant species, littoral meadows as rare plant communities on the territory of St. Petersburg and habitats of rare plant and animal species, shallow waters of the Gulf of Finland as habitats with highly productive communities of macrophytes, rare plant species, with a large species diversity and a high number of birds, including rare ones. The creation of new protected area “Gagarka” is necessary to preserve the habitats and rare species that grow and live here.
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Shcherbak, V. I., and N. Ye Semeniuk. "Structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton, algal mats, detritus and water quality under main abiotic factors in urban ponds (case study of urban settlement Hostomel, Bucha district, Kyiv Region, Ukraine). Report І. Species and taxonomic composition, ecological diversity of phytoplankton and filamentous algal mats characteristics under main abiotic factors." Algologia 33, no. 1 (March 2023): 22–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg33.01.022.
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The paper considers species and taxonomic composition of phytoplankton and algal mats in ponds of Hostomel urban settlement under effect of main abiotic factors. The research was carried out in May 2021. The ponds under study are shallow and the photic zone occupies the entire water column. The dissolved oxygen content was high. According to nutrient content the ponds are eutrophic. Planktonic algal communities were marked by high diversity. The identified algae referred to 8 phyla, 13 classes, 29 orders, 49 families, 87 genera and 134 species, represented by 136 infraspecific taxa. The floristic diversity at the phylum level was mainly formed by Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanobacteria, at the class level – Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae, at the order level – Sphaeropleales, Euglenida, Chloreallales and Bacillariales, at the family level – Scenedesmaceae, Euglenidae, Bacillariaceae, Selenastraceae and Chlorellaceae, at the genus level – Desmodesmus, Nitzchia, Monoraphidium, Trachelomonas and Euglena. According to biotopic preference planktonic and planktonic-benthic forms prevailed. In Pond ІІІ, floating algal mats were observed. They appeared when benthic communities composed of Charophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Euglenozoa rose to the water surface. Their cell count reached 28168–368149 thousand cells∙m–2, biomass – 21–362 g ∙ m–2. Algal mats caused a local negative effect due to water column shadowing. High diversity of algal communities makes it possible for pond ecosystems to function even under human impact.
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Prychepa, M. "THE MODERN SPECIES COMPOSITION OF FISH POPULATION OF THE LEFT TRIBUTARIES OF THE ROSS RIVER: KAMENKA AND PROTOKA." BIOLOGY & ECOLOGY 6, no. 1-2 (December 19, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2020.6.1-2.225046.
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The fish assemblage of the left Ross tributaries – the rivers Kamianka and Protoka is described. The total collected 2842 specimens. Studies were conducted in 2013 and 2020 in Kyiv and Zhytomyr regions. The current species composition includes 30 species for Kamianka and 20 species - Protoka. According to the research results, it has been established that the rivers are dominated by fish of the eurytopic ecological group, phytophils, zoobenthophages. It was found that the species composition in the studied parts of the Kamenka River is higher than in the Protoka River. This indicates the presence of a high level of biotopic diversity in comparison with other water bodies. In some areas studied there are species - from Resolution 6, adopted to create the Emerald Network. It’s such species as Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782), Cobitis taenia (s.l.) Linnaeus, 1758, Misgurnus fossilis (Linnaeus, 1758). This allows us to take some reserved sites on rivers Kamianka and Protoka as objects of Emerald Network.
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Chmura, Damian, Barbara Tokarska-Guzik, Teresa Nowak, Gabriela Woźniak, Katarzyna Bzdęga, Katarzyna Koszela, and Małgorzata Gancarek. "The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 84, no. 1 (2015): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2015.008.
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Riparian zones in two rivers in southern Poland were studied in terms of species composition and soil parameters in patches dominated by three knotweed taxa (<em>Fallopia japonica</em>, <em>F. sachalinensis</em> and the hybrid <em>F.</em> ×<em>bohemica</em>). The main purpose was to detect any differences in species diversity, environmental conditions and in the impact of the three <em>Fallopia</em> spp. on resident species. Fieldwork was conducted in spring and summer in 30 invaded plots (in total 90 subplots). It was demonstrated that vegetation dominated by particular knotweed taxa differed in response to soil pH and ammonium, nitrate, and magnesium content. <em>Fallopia</em> spp. (living plants and necromass) had a stronger negative impact on the cover and species diversity of the resident species in summer in comparison with spring. Vegetation patches differed significantly in species composition in relation to the knotweed taxa present. These differences may be the consequence of the differentiated biotopic requirements of <em>Fallopia</em> taxa and the coexisting plants, or to the different impact of the knotweed taxa on the resident species.
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Simonov, P. S. "Biotopical Distribution of Orb-Weaver Spiders (Aranei: Araneidae) in the Ridge-top Zone of the South Sikhote-Alin Mountains." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Biology. Ecology 35 (2021): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3372.2021.35.74.
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Until recently, the study of spiders in the mountainous conditions of the Primorsky Region of Russian Far East was carried out only with the example of ground dwelling spiders. The purpose of this work is to reveal the species composition and features of the biotopic distribution of orb-weaver spiders (Aranei: Araneidae) in the ridge-top zone of the Southern Sikhote-Alin mountains (Primorsky Region). The field material was collected from may to october in 2016 and 2017 at key sites located on different mountain ranges and their spurs in the altitude range from 1000 to 1560 m above sea level. Within each key sites, transect-sites with a size of 3 x 25 m were laid. The spider's collections were by the hands collecting and sweeping method. A total of 305 specimens of spiders belonging to 10 species from 7 genera were caught. Comparison of species lists of spiders was carried out by cluster analysis methods (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean, UPGMA) using the Jacquard coefficient. For automatic calculations data processing program Past v. 2.17 is used. The maximum diversity of spiders is observed among the herbage-reed meadows, which do not form a continuous belt of vegetation at altitudes of 1000–1400 m above sea level. seas. Seven species belonging to 6 genera were caught here. The minimal diversity is noted among the continuous open stony debris, devoid of vegetation. Here is the only species caught – Aculepeira matsudae. The species Plebs sachalinensis and Araniella yaginumai are most numerous and widespread in the ridge-top zone of the Southern Sikhote-Alin. The high abundance of Araniella yaginumai is achieved due to favorable conditions for this species in the herbage-reed grass lands. In all the studied biotopes in the ridge-top zone of the mountains the density of the orbweaver spiders is low and does not exceed 2.04 specimens per 10 m2.
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Liberman, Elizaveta, and Anna Siben. "Age dynamics of roach infestation with metazoic parasites." BIO Web of Conferences 51 (2022): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225103001.
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The study of roach for the metazoic parasites' presence allowed to detect D. crucifer, D. chromatophorum. P. homoion homoion, C. laticeps, O. felineus, P. ovatus, R. campanula, I. platycephalus, S. bramae, P. elongatum. R. acus (l.) Unionidae gen. sp E. sieboldi P. geometra Proteocephalus sp. The greatest species diversity was observed in fish in groups 2+, 3+, and 4+ (11, 14, and 13 species of parasites, respectively). At the ages of 1+ and 5+, 8 species of parasitic organisms were found, in the group of 0+ - 6 species of parasites. The greatest parasites' species diversity was noted on the gills - 5 species, in the intestines – 3 species, in the muscles and mesentery - 2 species, in the lens, on the fins, in the kidneys and on the body surface - 1 each. Cluster analysis on the invasion extent of roach parasites aged 0+ - 8+ showed groups 1+ - 4+ merging into one cluster; fish aged 0+, 5+ and 6+-8+ are allocated to a separate cluster. The calculated clustering by IE in age groups shows the similarity of parasite fauna and the magnitude of the invasion extensiveness at the ages from 1+ and 4+, and 6+ - 8+. With age, the biotopic distribution and nutrition spectrum of roach changes, which affects its infestation by parasites and the composition of the parasitic community as a whole.
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Merza, G., and I. Kaprus. "The fauna and population of Collembola in the Male Polissia agrocenoses." Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum, no. 35 (December 8, 2019): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.36885/nzdpm.2019.35.97-110.
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There was conducted analysis of taxonomic and synecologic structure of collembola' communoties in five most widespread types of Small Polissya's agrocenosis, in particular, wheat, rape, soy, potato and corn. It was discovered that explored communities of Collembola are characterized by their high species riches (more than 49 species from 35 genera and 12 families) and for their variability of indexes density, equalization of the population and species diversity. Under the influence of agricultural using lands for arable were fixed many-sided and often not predicted changes of synecological structure of collembolan cenotical communities. Separately, it was installed expansion of collembolan' mass circle forms as part of agrogroups, comparatively with natural cenoses, appearance of specific dominants and the emergence of different species' superdominance. It was conducted that in different types of Small Polissya`s explored agrocenosis can potentially dominate 31 collembola`s species? to their total share belong 75,1-100% of all coenotic groups` number. There were calculated and analyzed point alpha-variety, coenotic alpha-variety, internallycoenotic beta-variety indices of Simpson, Berger-Parker, Shannon and Shannon`s index of leveling. Spectra of collembolan' life forms are characterized by their own specificity as in different types of agrocenosis, so in different variants for certain type. In structure of collembolan' biotopic groups was noticed increase to 50% species' representation, which are resistant to the dry environment. Also, explored agrocenosis are characterized by their sharp reduction of hydrophilic collembolas` fraction in comparison with forest and meadow cenosis of explored district (conducted 3 species from hydrophilled and hydromesophilled complexes. Analysis of collembola`s life forms correlation showed that for species riches in explored agrocenosis most often prevail representatives of upper lobe biomorph, 11-80,9% of coenotic variety. Similar structure of collembolas` life forms` spectras is also noticed in forest, meadow and meadow-stewed biotops of latitudinal zones of Ukraine`s broadleaf and mixed forests.
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Bagrikova, N. A., Yu V. Plugatar, Z. D. Bondarenko, and O. N. Reznikov. "The most dangerous invasive plant in Protected Areas of the Mountain Crimea." Scientific notes of the “Cape Martyan” Nature Reserve, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): 114–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2413-3019-2021-12-114-148.
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Due to the spur increase in the number and scale of invasions over the past few decades, the study of this problem has become a matter of environmental and economic security in many countries, including Russia and the territory of the Crimea. The Crimean Peninsula, located in the south of Eastern Europe, is one of the centers of plant diversity. Special attention should be paid to invasive species that can actively introduce themselves into both anthropogenic and natural phytocenoses. The article deals with the problem of introduction of invasive species to the Protected Areas of the Mountainous Crimea: Yalta Mountain Forest Nature Reserve, Nacional Park “Krymsky”, Karadagsky Nature Reserve and Nature Park “Cape Martyan”. The most common and dangerous species for the ecosystems of the Protected Areas were identified ( Ailanthus altissima, Berberis aquifolium, Bupleurum fruticosum, Clematis flammula, Daphne laureola, Fraxinus ornus, Jacobae maritima, Opuntia humifusa, O. engelmannii var. lindheimeri, O. phaeacantha, Quercus ilex, Rhamnus alaternus ) on the based of floristic, phytocenotic and other studies. A comprehensive analysis of the current state was carried out and new data were obtained on the distribution, phytocenotic, biotopic allocation and other features of these species in the conditions of the native and outside its native distributional. It was found that invasive species that pose a threat to the ecosystems of four Protected Areas of the Mountainous Crimea were found in different types of biotopes belonging to 4 groups and 16 subgroups identified according to the EUNIS classification of biotopes: coastal marine (B1.33, B2.13, B3.1, B3.3324); herbaceous communities (E1.3, E1.33, E1. 4); tree and shrub communities of temperate and Mediterranean regions (F3.246, F5.16, F5.3, F6.8), forest communities (G1.22, G1.7, G2.2, G3.5, G4.B). These species grow in communities belonging to 10 classes, allocated according to the ecological and floral classification of Braun-Blanquet: Asplenietea trichomanis, Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae, Crithmo-Staticetea, Cymbalario-Parietarietea diffusae, Drypidetea spinosae, Erico-Pinetea, Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae, Ononido-Rosmarinetea, Pegano harmalae-Salsoletea vermiculatae, Quercetea pubescentis . The most invasive are the communities of unions Jasmino fruticantis-Juniperion excelsae, Elytrigio nodosae-Quercion pubescentis (class Quercetea pubescentis ), Elytrigio bessarabicae-Lactucion tataricae (class Crithmo-Staticetea ).
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Sadogurskiy, S. Yu, S. O. Sadogurska, and T. V. Belich. "Composition and distribution of macrophytobenthos near the coast of Tarkhankut Peninsula (The Black Sea, Crimea)." Algologia 31, no. 3 (September 2021): 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg31.03.249.
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The data on the composition and distribution of macrophytobenthos of marine and lagoon water areas of the Black Sea coastal zone in the west of the Tarkhankut Peninsula in the summer season are presented. It is shown that the occurrence and general characteristics of the vegetation cover are determined by the type of substrate. In the sea (where hydrological conditions are relatively homogeneous), the ratio of ecological-floristic groups and the species composition change with distance from the coast and along with it, depending on the depth and geomorphological features of coastal zone fragments. In the lagoon, the ratio of such groups changes along the complex gradient of environmental factors, formed by the groundwater runoff of fresh and marine waters. Within the surveyed area, 91 species of macrophytes were registered: Tracheophyta – 1 species (1.1%), Chlorophyta – 23 (25.3%), Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae) – 21 (23.1%), and Rhodophyta – 46 (50.5%). Of these, 87 species were recorded in the sea (including 44 in the pseudolittoral zone and 81 – in the sublittoral zone). The macrophytobenthos has a pronounced marine oligosaprobic character. Short-vegetation Rhodophyta dominate by the number of species, and perennial Phaeophyceae dominate by biomass, reaching 1 kg∙m-2 in the pseudolittoral and almost 7 kg∙m-2 in the sublittoral. In the lagoon, 18 species of macrophytes were registered (4 exclusively in the lagoon). Mesosaprobic short-vegetation Rhodophyta dominate by the number of species; marine and brackish-water macrophytes are equally represented. Polysaprobic perennial Tracheophyta, which belong to the marine group, dominate by biomass, which is ranging from 0.04 to 1.2 kg∙m-2. It was found that at the time of the research, the macrophytobenthos of the surveyed area was characterized by high productivity, high species, and coenotic diversity. There were taxa and biotopes, which are subject to special protection under regional and international programs. In general, the nature of the vegetation, the composition of the flora and the ratio of the main ecological-floristic indicators corresponded to those indicated for the Tarkhankut-Sevastopol hydrobotanical region of the Black Sea. Considering the sozological value, the aquatic component of the territorial-aquatic complex was recommended for conservation and inclusion in the ecological networks (incl. the Emerald Network). The increased anthropogenic pressure and the threat of the coastal zone transformation actualize the problem of its conservation as one of the key reserves of the floristic and biotopic diversity of coastal-marine areas in the Northern Black Sea region.
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Zinchenko, T. D., E. V. Abrosimova, and V. K. Shitikov. "ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PLANKTONIC AND BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN SALINE RIVERS OF THE ELTON REGION (RUSSIA)." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 25, no. 5 (2023): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2023-25-5-219-227.
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The results of the analysis of studies of saine rivers of the arid region of the Elton region (the area of the Caspian lowland, the basin of the hyperhaline Lake Elton) based on the study of plankton and bottom communities in August 2013 and 2018 are presented. For multidimensional statistical analysis, we used the results of processing hydrobiological samples taken at 13 stations of five saline rivers. A matrix of the numbers of 136 species and taxa, representatives of zooplankton, macrozoobenthos and meiobenthos was formed. To process the data, the values of the numerical matrices were transformed into a single score scale from 0 to 6 using the algorithm for finding optimal boundaries. The stations were grouped according to the level of water mineralization:1 – >25 g/l, 2 – 10-25 g/l and 3 – <10 g/l.The use of statistical models of species distribution in the space of abiotic factors madeit possible to establish that the heterogeneity of the diversity of planktonic and bottom communities is due to biotopic differences and the level of mineralization of water masses. It is shown that for highly mineralized hydrosystems of arid regions, a clear separation of the life forms of plankton and bottom communities is not obvious.
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Puchkov, A. V., V. V. Brygadyrenko, L. I. Faly, and N. A. Komaromi. "Staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) of Ukrainian metropolises." Biosystems Diversity 28, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012007.
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During hundreds of years, in large cities man has been forming a specific urban environment with original species composition of insect communities, including the most diverse group of predatory beetles – Staphylinidae family. Kyiv, Kharkiv, Dnipro are the three most populated cities of Ukraine. In the urban cenoses of these cities, over 140 species from 66 genera of Staphylinidae have been recorded. The total of 69 species (43 genera) were recorded in Kyiv, 67 (39 genera) in Dnipro and 66 (37 genera) in Kharkiv. Among them, , eight species in the catalogue of Palearctic staphylinds had not been previously recorded for Ukraine: Arpedium quadrum Grav., Atheta laticeps Thomson, Medon apicalis Kraatz, Ocalea rivularis Müll., Philonthus salinus Kiesenwetter, Quedius invreae Gridelli, Tasgius pedator Grav. and Xantholinus gallicus Coiffait. By number, common species accounted for 29 in Dnipro, 21 in Kyiv and 19 in Kharkiv. In all the metropolises, two species (Staphylinus caesareus Cederhjelm and Drusilla canaliculata (F.)) were identified as eudominants. Dominants and subdominants comprised 18–25 species. Almost two thirds of the fauna of staphylinids of the cities was classified as rare species. The lowest faunistic similarity was seen between the staphylinids of the urban cenoses of Dnipro and those in Kyiv and Kharkiv (15.3% and 17.5%), similarity was higher for Staphylinidae of Kyiv and Kharkiv (36.0%). Similarity by common species of staphylinids for Kyiv and Kharkiv equaled 73.9%, 28.2% for Dnipro and Kyiv and 37.1% for Dnipro and Kharkiv. The article offers a review of species diversity, number and ecological structure (biotopic confinedness, hygrothermal preference) of typical species of staphylinids in different urban cenoses of Kharkiv. Differences in qualitative-quantitative and ecological structures of staphylinids are related to the diversity of the conditions in a particular urban cenoses. The commonest representatives of the family in the metropolises were polytopic mesophilous carnivorous species.
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Gorina, N. D. "Number and species structure of communities of insectivorous biotopes of varying degrees of anthropogenic transformation of the urban landscape." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/4/042081.
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Abstract As a result of a two-year (2019-2020) study of the species diversity of insectivorous communities, captured in four biotopes of the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok, located within the 5 km radius, with varying degrees of anthropogenic transformation (from native to urban cenosis), some differences in species wealth, population size, dominance structures of insectivorous in the biotopes studied have been found. At the early stage of landscape transformation in the zone of contact between a biotope and low-rise buildings, the anthropogenic factor acts most aggressively - the number of insectivores in catches increases. The community of a biotope of a later transformation stage, which has been under the influence of an aggressive environment for a long time, is not numerous. The species diversity of insectivorous communities is characterized applying information indices.
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Chikhlyaev, Igor V., and Alexander B. Ruchin. "Ecological Analysis and Biodiversity of the Helminth Community of the Pool Frog Pelophylax lessonae (Amphibia: Anura) from Floodplain and Forest Water Bodies." Diversity 14, no. 4 (March 27, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14040247.
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This work presents an ecological analysis of the community and biodiversity of helminths of Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from floodplain and forest reservoirs of the European part of Russia. The material for the work was personal collections of helminths made from 2018–2021 in the National Park “Smolny” (Republic of Mordovia). Two hundred and thirty-five amphibian specimens were examined from nine reservoirs and three types of hydrobiocoenoses: (1) floodplains of a medium-sized river (in terms of catchment area); (2) floodplains of a small river; (3) a number of isolated forest reservoirs. Twenty-four species of helminths have been registered: Trematoda (20) and Chromadorea (4). Similar features (common species of trematodes and nematodes) were determined as well as differences in the composition and structure of the helminth fauna, the level of infestation by individual species and groups of helminths, diversity, and community structure. Amphibians of the river floodplain have a richer helminth fauna, they are more infected with a large number of helminths, and their community is more complex. Amphibians of isolated forest ponds, on the contrary, have fewer helminths, they are generally less infected, and their community is simplified (reduced). Having intermediate indicators of composition, structure, and degree of infestation, frogs from the forest floodplain of the small river—differ in the most diverse and maximally evenness community of helminths. The results of the study demonstrate the influence of biotopic factors on the formation of an amphibian helminth community.
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Yadrenkina, E. N., A. V. Mishakin, E. N. Krylova, M. I. Koveshnikov, and V. V. Kirillov. "Small river’s ichtyofauna in the zone of quarry coal mining of Kuzbass (Western Siberia)." Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries), no. 12 (December 2023): 794–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-09-2312-02.
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The fish complex of the tributaries of the Upper Tom’ river (Nizhnyaya Tykhta and Talda), were studied. The surveyed rivers flow through the territory of the western part of the Kuznetsk Alatau (Tardanovsky Uplands). Against the background of a high level of oxygen in both rivers, in terms of the volume of easily oxidized organic matter, the N. Tykhta River is more polluted than the Talda River. Four species inhabit in the Talda River and 7 species were registered in Nizhnyaya Tykhta. Watercourses are characterized by low levels of species richness and abundance of fish. An uneven distribution of fish in both rivers was revealed, which is associated with differences in the biotopic confinement of different species. Microbiotopes characteristic of different species act as refugia. The complex of alien includes crucian Carassius auratus, bleak Alburnus alburnus and verkhovka Leucaspius delineatus) and minnow Gobio gobio, dace Leuciscus leuciscus, siberian loach Cobitis melanoleuca, perch Perca fluviatilis and pike Esox lucius are representatives of native fauna. Despite the proximity of the rivers, the level of similarity of species composition is low, less than 30% (Jaccard index is 27.30). Species diversity according to the Shannon-Weaver index is 1.50 for the Nizhnyaya Tykhta River and 1.09 for the Talda River. The presence of alien species in the ichthyofauna of a more polluted river testifies to their higher adaptability to changing environment (shallowing, decrease in runoff, increase in the concentration of organic matter) compared to the populations of native species.
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Yurkov, Andrey P., Alexey A. Kryukov, Anastasiia O. Gorbunova, Tatyana R. Kudriashova, Anastasia I. Kovalchuk, Anastasia I. Gorenkova, Ekaterina M. Bogdanova, et al. "Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Distinct Ecosystems of the North Caucasus, a Temperate Biodiversity Hotspot." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2023): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10010011.
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Background: Investigations that are focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) biodiversity is still limited. The analysis of the AMF taxa in the North Caucasus, a temperate biodiversity hotspot, used to be limited to the genus level. This study aimed to define the AMF biodiversity at the species level in the North Caucasus biotopes. Methods: The molecular genetic identification of fungi was carried out with ITS1 and ITS2 regions as barcodes via sequencing using Illumina MiSeq, the analysis of phylogenetic trees for individual genera, and searches for operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with identification at the species level. Sequences from MaarjAM and NCBI GenBank were used as references. Results: We analyzed >10 million reads in soil samples for three biotopes to estimate fungal biodiversity. Briefly, 50 AMF species belonging to 20 genera were registered. The total number of the AM fungus OTUs for the “Subalpine Meadow” biotope was 171/131, that for “Forest” was 117/60, and that for “River Valley” was 296/221 based on ITS1/ITS2 data. The total number of the AM fungus species (except for virtual taxa) for the “Subalpine Meadow” biotope was 24/19, that for “Forest” was 22/13, and that for “River Valley” was 28/24 based on ITS1/ITS2 data. Greater AMF diversity, as well as number of OTUs and species, in comparison with that of forest biotopes, characterized valley biotopes (disturbed ecosystems; grasslands). The correlation coefficient between “Percentage of annual plants” and “Glomeromycota total reads” r = 0.76 and 0.81 for ITS1 and ITS2, respectively, and the correlation coefficient between “Percentage of annual plants” and “OTUs number (for total species)” was r = 0.67 and 0.77 for ITS1 and ITS2, respectively. Conclusion: High AMF biodiversity for the river valley can be associated with a higher percentage of annual plants in these biotopes and the active development of restorative successional processes.
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Vlasenko, Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich, Anastasiya Vladimirovna Vlasenko, and Dejidmaa Turmunkh. "The aridization effect on the characteristics of the substrate and biotopic distribution of fungi species of the Polyporus s.l. genus in the southeast of Western Siberia." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202091103.
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The paper deals with the features of substrate and biotopic distribution of fungi species of the Polyporus s.l. genus in the southeast of Western Siberia. Most species have a wide range of substrates represented by various species of woody plants. The most widespread and common species are able to develop a wide range of substrates. Rare species are distinguished by a narrow substrate spectrum. For a rare species P . rhizophilus , adapted to exist in the conditions of subarid regions, found only in steppe biome communities, steppe grasses ( Stipa , Festuca ) are the only substrate. Most species grow on deciduous wood, only some species can grow on conifers, and only the taiga species P. tubaeformis develops exclusively on conifers in mountainous regions. Fungi substrates are represented by 11 species of angiosperms, 3 species of gymnosperms and steppe grasses. Most species are common in numerous communities; all of them are characterized by a high frequency of occurrence and colonize a wide range of substrates. Biotopically narrowly specialized species are few in number; they are characterized by narrow substrate specialization. In anthropogenic habitats, 6 species out of 14 growing in natural communities were recorded. On the plain territory, 10 species of the genus Polyporus were identified, while 14 species were found in mountain systems, since mountain humid areas contain the largest spectrum of substrates for fungi. The greatest diversity of Polyporus species is recorded in dark coniferous forests, among which the number of species is dominated by black aspen-fir forests. With an increase in aridization and a change in plant communities, rare relict mountain taiga, nemoral and typical taiga species are eliminated. The smallest number of Polyporus species is found in the steppe communities of subarid regions.
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Michie, MG. "Distribution of foraminifera in a macrotidal tropical estuary: Port Darwin, Northern Territory of Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 2 (1987): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870249.
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The foraminifera are distributed throughout Port Darwin and differ according to biotope. The tidal flat and coral reef biotopes are basically undisturbed, and contain species of foraminifera typical of those environments. Turbidity is responsible for a lower diversity of the reefal facies, and particularly affects those species with symbiotic algae. The reworked biotope contains foraminifera more typical of the shallow continental shelf. Strong tidal currents associated with the large tidal range are responsible for the reworking of sediments and foraminifera1 tests from inside and outside Port Darwin.
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Sarmiento, Roger, and Rowena Varela. "The Nauclea, Tristaniopsis, and Terminalia forests: Exploring the lesser-known biotopes of Agusan Marsh, Philippines." BIO Web of Conferences 73 (2023): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237301002.
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The peat swamp forest of Agusan Marsh is characterized by the dominance of a unique and conspicuous assemblage of tree species across different habitat types. Understanding the species richness, diversity, structural patterns, and distribution of these types of forests is crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability and conservation. This study describes three less-explored biotopes dominated by Bangkal (Nauclea orientalis L.), Dangilas (Tristaniopsis decorticata Merr.), and Lanipau (Terminalia copelandii Elmer), using a purposive random sampling method. Across the three sites, 22 tree species, belonging to 17 families and 21 genera, were recorded. Tree density was recorded as the maximum at the Tristaniopsis biotope (650 individuals ha-1) and the minimum at the Terminalia biotope (367 individuals ha-1). The maximum total basal area (162.93 m2 ha-1) was re-recorded in the Tristaniopsis biotope and the minimum area in the Nauclea biotope stand (17.3 m2 ha-1). The ANOVA results for stand DBH, tree density, species richness, species diversity, and species evenness varied significantly among biotope types. The Tristaniopsis biotope had the highest species richness and diversity among the three sites. All stands exhibited a high community dependence on forest resources, which may have increased the vulnerability of the forest to human interference, thus necessitating immediate attention to conservation. Site-specific management and conservation measures are proposed to provide opportunities for sustainable forest management.
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Hussain, Tahira, and Zahid Baig Mirza. "Descriptions and Seasonal Variations of Various Biotopes and Ecotones of Indus River Bed at Chashma Barrage, Pakistan." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, no. 5 (January 25, 2015): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i5.255-260.263.
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The aim of the study was to find the diversity index of flora, investigation of species at pond area and biomass calculation of economic plants at Chashma Barrage, Pakistan. The study area consisted of river Bella, pond area and eastern edge of river bed near Ali Wali Ghandi village at Chashma Barrage. The seasonal variation in the abundance of floral species was also related with the increase in temperature. Cyperus deformus, Phragmites kerka, Saccharum spontaneum were most abundant in the river ‘Bella’ habitat. Persicassia amphibian, Cyperus deformus and Polygonum royleanum were abundant in Aliwali Ghandi habitat. Aquatic plants of families Potamogetonaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Najadaceae and Hydrocharitaceae were most common in pond area . The ecotones were wide and variable between the aquatic biotopes and the river bed biotopes. On the Aliwali Ghandi site the moist soil with puddles and small channels of water were found and Cyperus deformus biotope prevailed. In the river ‘Bella’ site Phragmites, Sacharum was the biotope and in water Hydrilla biotope was recorded. An increase in biomass of Phragmites, Sacharum and Typha was recorded with the passage of time. The species of the area have significant importance in socio economics of the local community of Chashma Barrage.
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Belyakov, Dmitriy V., Oleg A. Konyushatov, Sergey A. Korchagov, and Sergey E. Gribov. "The Conservation of Plant Species Diversity in Forest Management in the Key Biotopes of the Vologda Region." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 2 (April 2, 2024): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-2-189-200.
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A reduction in the number of biological species can cause a loss of the integrity of the biosphere and its ability to maintain the most important characteristics of the natural environment. Therefore, scientific research and the development of practical recommendations in the field of conservation of biological diversity in forest management are currently of particular relevance. Measures to preserve biodiversity in forest management are reflected in the rules of timber harvesting, forestry regulations of forestries and forest development projects. The conservation of biological diversity in the course of logging operations is provided by allocating key biotopes – forest plots of a certain area, especially significant as habitats for rare species of animals and plants. The analysis of the Red Book of the Vologda Region showed that 29 % of rare species are confined to forest areas along watercourses. The study has been conducted at stationary sites within the boundaries of the Vologda Forestry of the Vologda Region (the Southern taiga area of the European part of the Russian Federation), represented by clear cuttings of 2018–2019 with the preserved key biotopes – forest areas along temporary water bodies. The average values for the plantations have been obtained on the basis of the materials from allotment and taxation of the cutting areas before felling. The work has been based on silvicultural and taxation, as well as ecological and biological methods of field evaluation and desk assessment. During the field studies (2023) in the key biotopes, a tally has been carried out by tree species, their diameters at chest height and categories of sanitary condition, with the determination of the average taxation indicators of the stands. The soils and the botanical composition of the live ground cover have been described. The species diversity and abundance of plant species in the key biotopes, as well as in the adjacent areas – in the cuttings and in the stands – have been determined. A higher number of species of taiga flora and the presence of rare plant species in the key biotopes, in contrast to the cuttings, have been established, which indicates the need to preserve the key biotopes during logging operations. Within the boundaries of the key biotopes studied, the average number of plant species in the buffer zone exceeds the number of species in the core of the biotope, the differences are statistically significant. Therefore, in the process of allotment of cutting areas, in addition to the allocation of the central part, or the core of the biotope, it is necessary to preserve a buffer zone as the area with the largest number of species.
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Buhl-Mortensen, Pål, Margaret Dolan, and Lene Buhl-Mortensen. "Prediction of benthic biotopes on a Norwegian offshore bank using a combination of multivariate analysis and GIS classification." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 9 (August 7, 2009): 2026–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp200.
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Abstract Mortensen, P. B., Dolan, M., and Buhl-Mortensen, L. 2009. Prediction of benthic biotopes on a Norwegian offshore bank using a combination of multivariate analysis and GIS classification. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2026–2032. This study is part of the multidisciplinary seabed mapping programme MAREANO (Marine AREAdatabase for NOrwegian coast and sea areas). The mapping programme includes acquisition of multibeam bathymetry and acoustic backscatter data together with a comprehensive, integrated biological and geological sampling programme. The equipment used includes underwater video, boxcorer, grab, hyperbenthic sled, and beam trawl. The Tromsøflaket offshore bank was used as a case-study area to develop suitable methods for mapping habitats and biotopes. A procedure for producing maps of predicted biotopes is described that combined information on the distribution of biological communities with environmental factors and indicators. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was used to relate bottom environment [including multiscale physical descriptors of the seabed derived from multibeam echosounder (MBES) data] and faunal distribution to find the best physical biotope descriptors. DCA of 252 video samples (sequences 200 m long) revealed six groups of locations representing different biotopes. These were characterized by different compositions of species, substrata, depths, and values for terrain parameters. Prediction of biotope distribution was performed using a supervised GIS classification with the MBES-derived physical seabed descriptors with the strongest explanatory ability (depth, backscatter, and broad-scale bathymetric position index) identified by the DCA. The species diversity of the identified biotopes was described from the content of the bottom samples. For future MAREANO cruises, an important task will be to ground-truth predictions of habitat and biotopes and to test the reliability of these predictions in the wider MAREANO area.
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Nepsha, Oleksandr, Svitlana Hryshko, Larysa Prokhorova, Tetiana Zavialova, and Valeriy Lysenko. "Environmental Consequences of the Explosion of the Kahovsky Hydroelectric Plant on Biodiversity." Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 15, no. 42 (December 31, 2023): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.42.09.
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The purpose of this article is to determine the ecological consequences of the explosion of the Kakhovka hydroelectric plant (southern Ukraine) on the biological diversity of the region. The main research methods were: theoretical generalization and system-functional approach, analysis, synthesis, expedition method. The ecological consequences of the destruction of a hydroelectric dam are divided into two types: drainage and flooding. As a result of the flooding, 48 objects of the nature reserve fund, with a total area of 120 thousand hectares, were affected. Aquatic biotopes and biotopes characteristic of overmoistened areas were the most affected by drainage. 38 rare types of biotopes, which are under the protection of the Bern Convention, were affected by the ecological disaster; wetlands of international importance (so-called Ramsar) with an area of 33,000 hectares in the Dnipro delta and seven objects of the Emerald network. Prospects for further research are related to the study of biotope restoration after an ecological disaster.
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Straupe, I., and A. Adamovičs. "Biotope Protection Problems in Tervete Nature Park." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 26, 2006): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2003vol1.2015.
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Tervete Nature Park is a particular cultural, historical and geographical object. To overcome problems with regard to the existing biotope protection, the inventory of woodland key habitats and natural meadows has been carried out using aprrobated research methods. Great biological diversity including great amount of medical and rare plants found in the Park has been described. Spridisu and Auziņu meadows are typical dry meadows. Silalibiesu, Illenu and Plavnieku meadows are moderately moistured meadows. Meadows' flora of Tervete Nature Park is formed by two vegetation classes: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Festuco-Brometea. A complex of measures has been offered to maintain biological diversity as will as for woodland biotopes and utilization of natural meadows.
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Nazymbetova, G. Sh, and B. T. Taranov. "Fauna of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) of the state national atural park “Altyn- Emel”." Kazakhstan zoological bulletin 1, no. 1-2 (2020): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54944/kzbyr690na61.
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As a result of the analysis of literature data and the collected entomological material, revision of collections, we registered 38 species of geometrid moths in the territory of the State National Natural Park “Altyn-Emel”, which are part of 19 genera from 3 subfamilies. In terms of species diversity, among the identified geometrid moths, representatives of the subfamily Sterrhinae prevail — 32 species, the subfamily Geometrinae — 6 species, and from the subfamily Larentiinae only 1 species. The geometrid moths fauna of the State National Natural Park” Altyn-Emel” is a complex zoogeographic complex, significantly enriched with Turanian and Eurasian elements. The zoogeographic complexity of the fauna is explained by the geobotanical and landscape-ecological features of the area. As a result of the research, an uneven distribution of the geometrid moths in biotopes was noted. Depending on the biotope occupied by the species, geometrid moths are subdivided into 3 main groups: mesophiles, xerophiles, and mesoxerophiles. The largest number of species belong to xerophiles — 22, which prefer steppe biotopes and steppe stony stations. Mesophiles are represented by 10 species. These species prefer floodplain and meadow biotopes of different types. 6 species — mesoxerophiles, most of which occupy meadow areas in steppe biotopes.
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Merza, S. P., and H. H. Hustan. "Communities of oribatids (Acari: Oribatida) in the agrocenoses in the vicinity of Dubliany (Male Polissia)." Kharkov Entomological Society Gazette 27, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/khesg-2019-27-2-4.
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We investigated the taxonomic composition and structural specifics of the oribatids population in main agrocenoses’ types of Male Polissya. The studied communities are compared to the natural oribatid complexes based on literary data. In agrocoenoses, 14 oribatids species are found which belong to 10 families. Studied coenotic communities consist from 2 to 6 species of oribatid mites. There are 1 to 4 oribatid species per sample. The index of β diversity of oribatids in investigated agrocenoses is 5 times higher than in natural biotopes in the zone of deciduous forests. Comparative analysis of intra-coenotic H’ index of diversity shows that the largest contrast of intra-coenotic conditions for Oribatida was found in wheat agrocoenoses, the medium one in potato, corn, and soy coenoses, the smallest in rapeseed coenosis. Index of average oribatids population density in investigated agrocenoses varies in 30 times range of values. In investigated agrocoenoses genera of Oppidae, Mycobatidae, and Oribatulidae prevailed by species richness, each family is summarily presented by 2‒3 species. Analysis of H’ index for investigated oribatid groups shows that the smallest average diversity was noted in soya and rapeseed agrocoenoses, the largest in wheat coenosis. For 10 oribatid species, the potential to dominate is revealed in different types of investigated agrocenoses of Male Polissya. In some biotopes can be two to five dominating oribatid species. Six morpho-ecological types of oribatids are revealed. Structure of morpho-ecological (adaptive) oribatid types in agrocenoses is strongly different from that of the natural ecosystems of Ukraine. Agroecosystems are characterized by decreased diversity of the adaptive types of oribatids and the domination of non-specialized forms. We recognise three biotopical groups of oribatid mites in studied material: forest-meadow, meadow, and eurytopic species. The structure of ecological groups of oribatids is therefore reduced to three biotopical groups with the advantage of eurytopical representatives. Also in all types of agrocenoses eurybionic species group makes up 46‒87% of total quantity. As for hydropreferendum characteristics, only 2 to 3 ecogroups of oribatids found per coenosis.
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Fortin Faubert, Maxime, Michel Labrecque, and Mohamed Hijri. "Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Dominated the Root and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Two Willow Cultivars Grown for Six-Years in a Mixed-Contaminated Environment." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 2 (January 30, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8020145.
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There is a growing interest in plant microbiome’s engineering to optimize desired functions such as improved phytoremediation. This study is aimed at examining the microbial communities inhabiting the roots and rhizospheres of two Salix miyabeana cultivars that had been grown in a short-rotation intensive culture (SRIC) system for six years in a soil contaminated with the discharge from a petrochemical factory. DNA was extracted from roots and rhizospheric soils, and fungal ITS and bacterial and archaeal 16S rDNA regions were amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Cultivars ‘SX61’ and ‘SX64’ were found to harbor a similar diversity of fungal, bacterial, and archaeal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). As expected, a greater microbial diversity was found in the rhizosphere biotope than in the roots of both cultivars, except for cultivar ‘SX64’, where a similar fungal diversity was observed in both biotopes. However, we found that microbial community structures were cultivar- and biotope-specific. Although the implication of some identified taxa for plant adaptability and biomass production capacity remains to be explored, this study provides valuable and useful information regarding microbes that could potentially favor the implantation and phytoremediation efficiency of Salix miyabeana in mixed contamination sites in similar climatic environments.
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Sitnic, Veaceslav, Natalia Caraman, and Vladislav Caldari. "Mammal species diversity in ”Carbuna” landscape reserve, Republic of Moldova." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova Life Sciences, no. 1(345) (July 2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1857-064x.2022.1.06.
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The study was conducted based on materials collected in the area during the years 2015-2021. 28 species of mammals were identified. 4 species are included in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova. The value of the margin effect index in the meadow biotope is 0.12, and in the forest one - 0.32. The share of rodents according to the predilection for the biotope is for the meadow -21.4%, ecotone - 35.4% and forest 43.2%. During the spring the values of the Simpson index in the studied biotopes are for meadow 0.23, ecoton - 0.35 and forest 0.29, and in the autumn period, there was a considerable increase of this index, the diversity being respectively 0.58; 0.81; 0.73. A decrease in the mammalian diversity index has been established over the last 10 years from 1.67 to 1.36. Due to the dangers and unfavorable factors for the reservation, it is necessary to mention the cutting of the secular forests, the poaching, the cutting of the scurvy trees, the clearing of the forest edge, the destruction of the vegetal agglomerations. Excessive grazing will significantly damage the maintenance of stateprotected species. The protection of various species of rare plants and animals taken under the protection of the state is related to the maintenance and limitation of the management activities of the forest and steppe sectors. The ”Carbuna” landscape reserve is of particular importance for the conservation of biological diversity, and measures to protect its habitats need to be intensified.
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Kalashnikova, Darjya S., Elena P. Kleshcheva, Victoria M. Loginova, Mikhail V. Yakutin, and Leonid A. Loginov. "DYNAMICS OF SOIL MESOFAUNA IN THE MONITORING OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS IN THE KANSK FOREST-STEPPE." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 4, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-4-2-78-84.
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The study revealed that the population of pedobionts of the studied biotopes includes representatives of two types (Annelida, Arthropoda), belonging to four classes (Oligochaeta, Chilopoda, Insecta, Arachnida) and 16 families.The fauna of each site is represented by 9 families. The degree of complexity of groupings is due to the heterogeneity of stations. The biocenological similarity of the compared habitats is small (0.006-0.168), which is determined by the number of animals of the same taxonomic groups in different habitats. The dominant complex varies depending on the season and the biotope. The structure of pedocomplexes changes throughout the season: it is more diverse in mid-summer and decreases in autumn. The number and diversity of the complex of soil inhabitants depends on the season (F=3,62, P=0,033), the biotope (F= 4,03, P=0,011) and the hydrothermal habitat regime. The results obtained in the course of thе work can be a basis for the development of principles of rational nature management and environmental protection.