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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biotopic diversity'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Galada, Ncebakazi. "Exploring diversity and ecology of nonarchaea in hydrothermal biotopes." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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The Nanoarchaeota were proposed as the fourth archaeal sub-division in 2002, and the only fully characterized nanoarchaeon was found to exist in a symbiotic association with the crenarchaeote, Ignicoccus sp. This nanoarchaeote, named Nanoarchaeum equitans could not be detected with &ldquo
universal&rdquo
archaeal 16S PCR primers and could only be amplified using specifically designed primers. In order to identify and access a wide diversity of archaeal phylotypes a new set of &ldquo
universal&rdquo
archaeal primers A571F (5&rsquo
-GCY TAA AGS RIC CGT AGC-3&rsquo
) and UA1204R (5&rsquo
-TTM GGG GCA TRC IKA CCT-3&rsquo
) was designed, that could amplify the 16S rRNA genes of all four archaeal sub-divisions. Using these primers community DNA was amplified from Chinese and New Zealand hydrothermal systems.

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2

Della, Bella Valentina. "COMPOSIZIONE TASSONOMICA, ORGANIZZAZIONE FUNZIONALE E STRUTTURA IN TAGLIA DELLA MACROFAUNA A INVERTEBRATI DI BIOTOPI TEMPORANEI E PERMANENTI DEL LITORALE TIRRENICO - TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION, FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION AND SIZE STRUCTURE OF MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT PONDS OF THE TYRRHENIAN COAST." Doctoral thesis, La Sapienza, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/916841.

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3

Virbalytė, Ieva. "Januliškio girininkijos medynų vertinimas biologinės įvairovės požiūriu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120620_151042-91167.

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Magistro darbe vertinama medynų įvairovė biologinės įvairovės požiūriu ir nustatomos teritorijos palankiausios biologinei įvairovei ir jos apsaugai. Darbo objektas – VĮ Švenčionėlių miškų urėdijos Januliškio girininkijos teritorija. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti Januliškio girininkijos medynus biologinės įvairovės požiūriu ir nustatyti palankiausiais biologinei įvairovei ir jos apsaugai teritorijas. Darbo metodai – 1975 m., 1985 m., 1999 m., ir 2009 m. miškotvarkų duomenų analizavimas ir nustatytų medynų rūšinės įvairovės rodiklių vertinimas, bei remiantis girininkijoje esančiomis saugomomis teritorijomis, kertinėmis miško buveinėmis ir retomis rūšimis, charakterizuojama girininkijos biologinė įvairovė ir nustatomos jos koncentracijos vietos. Darbo rezultatai. Atlikus tyrimus nustatyta, kad Januliškio girininkijoje tenkančio miško masyvo dalyje 1975 m. augo 6, 1985 m. – 7, o 1999 – 2009 m. po 9 medžių rūšių. Tai lėmė liepos, baltalksnio, ąžuolo, uosio, gluosnio ir maumedžio atsiradimas medynuose. Nagrinėjimu laikotarpiu yra pastebimas pušynų mažėjimas, jie sumažėjo 6,4%, tačiau tuo pačiu laikotarpiu yar fiksuojamas eglynų kiekio didėjimas medynų sudėtyje. Jų kiekis medyne padidėjo 4%. Nagrinėtų įvairovės, proporcingumo bei vyravimo rodiklių dinamika rodo medynų rūšinės įvairovės didėjimą iki 1985 m. ir mažėjimą po 1985 m. Nagrinėjant atskirų augaviečių medynų rūšinės įvairovės dinamiką 1975 – 2009 m., pastebėta, kad didžiausia rūšinė įvairovė buvo Nb, Nc, Lc ir Uc augavietėse... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
In this final master degree work the stands of Januliškis Forestry are evaluated from the perpective of biodiversity and the most favorable environment for biodiversity and it‘s protection is determined. The object of the work – The teritory of SE Švenčionėliai State Forest Januliškis Forestry. The aim of the study – To evaluate Januliškis Forestry stands from the perspective of biodiversity and to determine the most favorable teritories for biodiversity and it‘s protection. Working methods – the analysis of 1975 yr., 1985 yr., 1999 yr., and 2009 yr. data about forest order, the assessment of stands‘ species diversity rates and the characterization of the forestry biological diversity and determination of concentration points based on protected teritories, key biotopes and rare species that are found in the teritory of particular forestry. Study results – The reasearch showed that in the part of the forest which belongs to Juniliškis Forestry in 1975 there were 6 tree species, in 1985 – 7, and in 1999 – 2009 there could be found 9 tree species. This happened due to linden, gray alder, oak, ash, willow and larch stands appearance. In the analyzed period the decrease in number of pines by 6,4% can be observed, on the other hand, at the same time the increase in number of spruces by 4 % is traced. The dynamics of analyzed diversity, proportion and predominance rates indicates the growth of stands‘ species diversity till 1985 and it‘s abatement after 1985. While analysing the... [to full text]

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4

Renner, Swen Christoph. "Structure and diversity of cloud forest bird communities in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, and implications for conservation." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969959478.

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5

Burkartová, Kateřina. "Využití mikrobiálních komunit jako markeru podmínek v podzemních biotopech." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368994.

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The amount of data obtained by barcoding of prokaryotic 16S rDNA from natural habitats is increasing exponentially. Thus, methods enabling us to extract useful information from these data are of increasing importance. In this thesis microbial communities from water, sludge and drilling dust were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing in three geologically well described sedimentary aquifers in Bohemian Massif. The main goal of this research was to establish how different analytical approaches can be useful in interpretation of groundwater biogeochemical processes. Three approaches were used: First, taxonomy and metabolic traits of the most abundant microorganisms were assessed. Second, ordination methods showing metabolic and taxonomic variability between communities were used. Last the analysis of phylogenetic dissimilarity using UniFrac metrics was performed. When analyzing individual localities separately, the shift in microbial community composition corresponds with the change of environmental conditions. The unconstrained ordination method based on the variability in metabolic traits indicated, that sludge samples are more informative than water samples when asking which electron donor is used in microbial communities. On the other hand, unconstrained ordination methods were useless when the...

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6

Makhalanyane, Thulani Peter. "The diversity of key anabolic genes in antarctic hypolithons." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3337.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Antarctica is known for its pristine environments. A variety of unsuitable environmental conditions were once thought to render the continent unsuitable for sustaining life. However, metagenomic data have revealed a wealth of species diversity in a range of biotopes.Hypolithons, photosynthetic communities which live under translucent rocks in climatically extreme environments, are an important input source for both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in this hyperarid desert environment. Microbial contribution to biogeochemical cycling resulting in fixation of both C and N remains poorly understood. Moreover, there is a reported close interplay between both cycles, with nitrogen being reported to be a limiting factor in carbon assimilation.In this study the diversity of C and N fixing organisms was investigated by using the cbbL and nifH genes as phylogenetic and functional markers. High Molecular weight metagenomic DNA and RNA was extracted from hypolithons. PCR amplification was carried out using cbbL (800 bp for red-like, 1,100 bp for green-like) and nifH (360 bp) gene specific primers.Resultant PCR products were used to construct libraries which were screened for correct sized inserts. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was used to de-replicate clones prior to sequencing. Phylogenetic positions from both clone libraries were established by aligning nucleotide sequences and constructing similarity trees using NJ clustering methods.BLASTn results indicated the presence of previously uncultured organisms which contain cbbL and nifH genes. BLASTn results were characterized by low percentages of maximum identity (typically <95%), a potential indicator of novel taxa. Sequences from respective libraries clustered with cyanobacteria such as Nostoc, Scytonema, and Tolypothrix and α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria such as Azotobacter, Agrobacterium and Mesorhizobium. Generally sequence results indicate a largely homogenous, being dominated by specific taxa. Each group may contain potential keystone species, essential for both biogeochemical cycling in oligotrophic environment.

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7

JAHNOVÁ, Zuzana. "Společenstva epigeických brouků plantáží rychle rostoucích bylin a okolních biotopů." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52828.

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The aim of the work was to study the communities of epigeic beetles in plantations of energetic plants (Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea, Helianthus tuberosus) and in surrounding lawn biotope. The method of pitfall trapping was used for beetle sampling from 2008 to 2010 during the growing season. Carabid beetles (Carabidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) were used as bioindicators. In total 69 species and 1789 individuals were captured and evaluated. Eurytopic species were more common than stenotopic in all habitats, also the value of the index of beetle communities was low in all plots. RDA analysis proved the influence of surrounding biotope on beetle communities. It was concluded that communities of epigeic beetles might be also affected by the climatic factors, long termed population fluctuations of individual species, edge effect and microclimate inside the vegetation.

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8

HAVEL, Jaroslav. "Zhodnocení přírodní hodnoty a ekosystémových služeb přírodě blízkých biotopů v intenzivně využívané zemědělské krajině." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-252429.

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My thesis is focused on valuation methods intensively used agricultural landscapes according to the importance of near-natural habitats in terms of their natural values and ecosystem services. This is done at four sites using pitfall traps, where there was a catch beetles (Carabidae). To evaluate the data I used indicators such as the Shannon index serenity. Procedures for calculating the ecological value of the area and the ecosystem services provided I processed according to the proposed method Seják et al., (2010). Rating I performed by BVM (,, habitat valuation methods "). Replacement cost method I used for the calculation of ecosystem services.

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9

KUBÁTOVÁ, Marcela. "Biodiverzita městského prostředí - Č. Krumlov jako model města světového kulturního dědictvé UNESCO (brownfields, městská zeleň a vybrané příměstské biotopy)." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188494.

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Biodiversity of epigeic beetles in urban and suburban areas was studied in the area of Český Krumlov (a UNESCO World Heritage Site). Study confirmed the influence of urban-suburban gradient on the epigeic beetles. Every level of that gradient was characterized by indicator species.

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10

Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo. "Diversity and Ecological patterns of Bolivian deciduous forests." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B65C-8.

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11

Weland, Nadine. "Diversity and trophic structure of the soil fauna and its influence on litter decomposition in deciduous forests with increasing tree species diversity." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B679-6.

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12

Tylianakis, Jason. "Räumlich-zeitliche Auswirkungen der Landnuzung auf die Diversität von Bienen und Wespen." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-ABB5-4.

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13

Stenchly, Kathrin. "Untersuchungen zu Spinnengemeinschaften in Kakaoagroforstsystemen in Indonesien: Diversität, Netzdichte und räumlich-zeitlicher Artenaustausch." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-ADC7-E.

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14

Holz, Ingo. "Diversity and Ecology of Bryophytes and Macrolichens in Primary and Secondary Montane Quercus Forests, Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica." Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B682-0.

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Folgende Themenkomplexe wurden behandelt: Biogeographie, Pflanzendiversität, Verbreitungsmuster von Lebensformen und Arten in Mikrohabitaten sowie entlang ökologischer Gradienten, Epiphyt-Porophyt-Beziehungen, Vergesellschaftung, Sekundärsukzession und die Auswahl von Indikatorarten. Zum ersten Mal wird bei einer derartigen Untersuchung die sekundäre Sukzession von Kryptogamengesellschaften in tropischen Bergregenwäldern voll berücksichtigt. Die Untersuchung wurde im Einzugsgebiet des Río Savegre auf der pazifikseitigen Abdachung der westlichen Cordillera de Talamanca (Costa Rica) durchgeführt.Kapitel 1 gibt eine generelle Einführung in Tropische Bergregenwälder und die Bedeutung von Moosen und Makroflechten als wichtige Komponenten dieser Ökosysteme. Der Leser wird in das Untersuchungsgebiet, sein Klima, seine Geologie und seine Vegetation eingeführt.Im Kapitel 2 werden die pflanzengeographischen Muster der Moose montaner Eichenwälder der Cordillera de Talamanca dargestellt und diskutiert.Kapitel 3 diskutiert Diversität, Mikrohabitatdifferenzierung und Lebensformenspektren der Moose in einem hochmontanen Eichenwald Costa Ricas. Es wurde versucht, die Moosflora aller Mikrohabitate eines Eichenwaldes, inklusive der Strauch- und Bodenschicht zu erfassen. Kapitel 4 und 5 beinhalten die Beschreibung epiphytischer Kryptogamengesellschaften (Moose und Makroflechten) in Primär- und Sekundärwäldern. Mit Hilfe einer aus dem Alpinismus abgeleiteten Klettertechnik wurden Bäume von der Stammbasis bis in die Zweige der äußeren Krone beprobt. Die Vegetationsaufnahmen repräsentieren die Variation der epiphytischen Vegetation. Prozentuale Deckungsgrade der rindenbewohnenden Moose und Makroflechten wurden geschätzt und mit Hilfe einer Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA)' und nicht-metrischer Multi-response Permutation Procedure (MRPP)' verglichen. Rindenproben der untersuchten Bäume wurden mit deionisiertem Wasser extrahiert und der pH-Wert bestimmt.Kapitel 4 behandelt die epiphytischen Kryptogamengemeinschaften auf den dominierenden Baumarten (Quercus copeyensis und Q. costaricensis) primärer, hochmontaner Eichenwälder Costa Ricas. Kapitel 5 vergleicht Artenreichtum, Vergesellschaftung und Ökologie der epiphytischen Kryptogamen in primären und sekundären hochmontanen Eichenwäldern Costa Ricas. Quercus copeyensis-Bäume der oberen Baumschicht von Primär- und Sekundärwäldern wurden beprobt mit dem Ziel einen Einblick in Regenerationspotential, -muster und -prozesse der Epiphytensukzession nach anthropogener Störung zu erhalten.

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15

Nöske, Nicole. "Effekte anthropogener Störung auf die Diversität kryptogamischer Epiphyten (Flechten, Moose) in einem Bergregenwald in Südecuador." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B6EF-B.

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16

Unger, Malte Arne. "Relationships between soil chemical properties and forest structure, productivity and floristic diversity along an altitudinal transect of moist tropical forest in Amazonia, Ecuador." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-ADA3-B.

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17

Hondong, Hermann. "Inventuren als Informationsinstrumente der Naturschutzplanung." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B6BF-A.

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18

Veddeler, Dorthe. "Bienen, Wespen und deren Parasitoide in traditionellen Kaffee-Agroforstsystemen: Lebensgemeinschaftsmuster und Ökosystemdienstleistungen." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AB78-E.

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