Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biotic refuge

Academic literature on the topic 'Biotic refuge'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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Murphy, Karen A., Joel H. Reynolds, and John M. Koltun. "Evaluating the ability of the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) to predict ecologically significant burn severity in Alaskan boreal forests." International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, no. 4 (2008): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08050.

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During the 2004 fire season ~6.6 million acres (~2.7 million ha) burned across Alaska. Nearly 2 million of these were on National Wildlife Refuge System lands inaccessible from the state’s limited road system. Many fires burned through September, driven by unusually warm and dry temperatures throughout the summer. Using several fires from this season, we assessed the national burn severity methodology’s performance on refuge lands. Six fires, spanning 814 489 acres (329 613 ha), were sampled on five boreal forest refuges. In total, 347 sites were sampled for vegetation composition and ground-based burn severity estimates following the national protocols. The relationship between the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) and composite burn index (CBI) was unexpectedly weak (R2adjusted, 0.11–0.64). The weak relationship was not a result of data or image processing errors, nor of any biotic or abiotic confounding variable. The inconsistent results, and dNBR’s limited ability to discern the ecologically significant differences within moderate and high severity burn sites, indicate that the current methodology does not satisfy key Alaskan boreal forest management objectives.
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McDonald, Peter J., Alistair Stewart, Melissa A. Jensen, and Hugh W. McGregor. "Topographic complexity potentially mediates cat predation risk for a critically endangered rodent." Wildlife Research 47, no. 8 (2020): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19172.

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ContextThe niche reduction hypothesis (NRH) predicts that the realised niche of declining species is reduced by threats that are mediated by environmental, biotic and evolutionary processes, explaining why species decline in some locations but not others. The critically endangered central rock-rat (CRR) survives only in rugged mountain range habitat in central Australia and is highly vulnerable to cat predation. We predicted that cat density and ranging behaviour, and, hence, predation risk, is mediated by habitat complexity, thus explaining the mechanism maintaining the CRR refuge. AimsWe sought to determine whether cat densities were lower in the rugged CRR refuge than in an adjacent valley dominated by less complex rocky habitats and no longer occupied by CRRs. MethodsWe installed arrays of camera traps along two parallel mountain ranges in the refuge and in the intervening valley habitats. We identified uniquely patterned individual cats and compared spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) models to evaluate our hypothesis that cat density varies with topographic complexity. Key resultsThe dominant effect in all models was the significant negative relationship between cat detection probability and fine-scale topographic ruggedness. Two of the best three SECR models indicated lower cat densities and relative home-range sizes in the refuge than in the valley. In total, 17% of cats were detected in both habitat types. ConclusionsWe found some evidence that cat density and home-range size were mediated by habitat complexity. Further, the negative relationship between cat detection probability and topographic complexity suggests that cats spend less time foraging in CRR refuge habitat. ImplicationsCat management programs, aimed at reducing predation pressure on the CRR, must include the refuge and surrounding habitats to control cats that pose a threat to CRR subpopulations.
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Tallowin, Oliver J. S., Shai Meiri, Stephen C. Donnellan, Stephen J. Richards, Christopher C. Austin, and Paul M. Oliver. "The other side of the Sahulian coin: biogeography and evolution of Melanesian forest dragons (Agamidae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 129, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz125.

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Abstract New Guinea has been considered both as a refuge for mesic rainforest-associated lineages that contracted in response to the late Cenozoic aridification of Australia and as a centre of biotic diversification and radiation since the mid-Miocene or earlier. Here, we estimate the diversity and a phylogeny for the Australo-Papuan forest dragons (Sauria: Agamidae; ~20 species) in order to examine the following: (1) whether New Guinea and/or proto-Papuan Islands may have been a biogeographical refuge or a source for diversity in Australia; (2) whether mesic rainforest environments are ancestral to the entire radiation, as may be predicted by the New Guinea refuge hypothesis; and (3) more broadly, how agamid ecological diversity varies across the contrasting environments of Australia and New Guinea. Patterns of lineage distribution and diversity suggest that extinction in Australia, and colonization and radiation on proto-Papuan islands, have both shaped the extant diversity and distribution of forest dragons since the mid-Miocene. The ancestral biome for all Australo-Papuan agamids is ambiguous. Both rainforest and arid-adapted radiations probably started in the early Miocene. However, despite deep-lineage diversity in New Guinea rainforest habitats, overall species and ecological diversity is low when compared with more arid areas, with terrestrial taxa being strikingly absent.
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Booth, John D. "Habitat preferences and behaviour of newly settled Jasus edwardsii (Palinuridae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 8 (2001): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf01089.

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Any attempt to enhance production of rock lobsters by increasing survival at and soon after settlement, or by catching pueruli for on-growing or out-planting, requires knowledge of settlement behaviour and the habitat of settlers and young juveniles. I investigated biotic and physical factors important in habitat use by recently settled Jasus edwardsii in laboratory tank experiments. Both pueruli and first-instar juveniles sought shelter over and above conspecifics or any of the other marine life tested. They preferred conditioned refuges over those unconditioned, horizontal apertures over upward-facing vertical ones, and rough surfaces over smooth. Although some structurally complex seaweed and bryozoan species seemingly provide suitable refuge, they were less often used by the young lobsters than were hard-walled shelters. These results are generally consistent with the few field observations available and the results of experiments with collectors. Both pueruli and first-instar juveniles are capable of almost completely burying themselves in sand, but they are intolerant of deep silt. Any structures deployed to catch pueruli or to increase survival of recently settled J. edwardsii should ideally provide wellconditioned, firm but rough-walled, horizontal holes or crevices. The availability of such situations in nature may strongly influence lobster survival and abundance, and hence productivity.
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Noisette, Fanny, and Catriona Hurd. "Abiotic and biotic interactions in the diffusive boundary layer of kelp blades create a potential refuge from ocean acidification." Functional Ecology 32, no. 5 (March 20, 2018): 1329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13067.

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Boiteau, G., A. Alyokhin, and D. N. Ferro. "The Colorado potato beetle in movement." Canadian Entomologist 135, no. 1 (February 2003): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n02-008.

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AbstractThe recent introduction of the concept of refuge areas for the management of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), on resistant potato highlighted the existence of important gaps in our knowledge and understanding of this pest's movement within and between habitats. The objective of this review is to synthesize the information available for the benefit of crop managers and to identify subject areas in need of additional research. A traditional, somewhat encyclopedic, review of the old and recent literature on research methods, basics of flight and walking, as well as abiotic and biotic conditions for dispersal, revealed a considerable volume of information accumulated since the early 1900s. There is a consensus on the role of abiotic factors on flight and walking, but a better understanding of the biotic factors will be required before the variability of the dispersal response can be fully explained or predicted. Cybernetic models of orientation proposed in the literature were pulled together into a schematic representation of the orientation process in walking L. decemlineata. The model begins the integration of the different conditions and underlying suggested mechanisms responsible for the orientation of the walking beetle. There is remarkably little information on the orientation of potato beetles during flight. Finally, the seasonality of walking and flight dispersal is reviewed in relation to the host habitat and overwintering sites.
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Tangen, Brian A., Raymond G. Finocchiaro, Wesley E. Newton, and Charles F. Dahl. "Aquatic Vegetation and Invertebrate Communities of Big Stone National Wildlife Refuge." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/082018-jfwm-066.

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Abstract Observed degradation of aquatic systems at Big Stone National Wildlife Refuge, located in west-central Minnesota, have been associated with sediment-laden inflows from riverine systems. To support management, a study was conducted during 2013–2014 with overall goals of characterizing the aquatic invertebrate and vegetation communities of the Big Stone National Wildlife Refuge and exploring relations between these communities and various water-quality parameters. Sample sites were located along an observed vegetation gradient and assigned to three predetermined habitat zones for comparison purposes: upstream, transition, and downstream. Of the 12 species of aquatic vegetation that were identified, invasive narrowleaf cattail Typha angustifolia dominated the upstream zone (observed at >90% of sample locations), coontail Ceratophyllum demersum and narrowleaf cattail were most common in the transition zone (collected or observed at 100 and 83% of sample locations, respectively), and coontail and narrowleaf pondweed Potamogeton strictifolius were most common in the downstream zone (collected at 100 and 64% of sample locations, respectively). Measured values for the water-quality parameters varied among dates, reflecting the continually fluctuating nature of riverine systems. Based on general observations across sample dates, turbidity and dissolved oxygen concentrations were greatest in the upstream zone sample sites, while oxidation-reduction potential was greatest in the downstream zone sites. There were 115 unique aquatic invertebrate taxa identified to varying levels of taxonomic resolution. Results suggested that there were overall differences in invertebrate biomass among the sample dates, but that there were no strong trends among the sample zones. Aquatic invertebrates and vegetation communities, along with the water-quality parameters, varied temporally and showed irregular relations among the sample zones. These general observations emphasize the importance of temporally and spatially intensive sampling to account for natural variation. Moreover, short- and long-term streamflow and water-level information obtained for this study demonstrated substantial variability that must be considered when conducting biotic inventories and monitoring water quality, as well as when using such data to assess management options. Periodic monitoring of wetlands and associated streamflows, along with sediment loads and water quality of inflows, should allow Big Stone National Wildlife Refuge staff to identify habitat degradation and potential contributing factors, and to develop strategies to achieve specific management objectives and goals.
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Taira, D., EC Heery, LHL Loke, A. Teo, AG Bauman, and PA Todd. "Ecological engineering across organismal scales: trophic-mediated positive effects of microhabitat enhancement on fishes." Marine Ecology Progress Series 656 (December 10, 2020): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13462.

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Retrofitting microhabitat features is a common ecological engineering technique for enhancing biodiversity and abundance of small, epilithic organisms on artificial shorelines by providing refuge spaces and/or ameliorating abiotic conditions. These features are typically too small to be utilised as refugia by larger, highly motile consumers such as fish, but they may affect these organisms through other mechanisms. This study sought to determine whether microhabitat enhancement units alter the fish abundance, richness and assemblage composition on tropical seawalls and explores possible underlying trophic mechanisms. We created 12 experimental plots consisting of 6 enhanced plots, each with 20 microhabitat enhancement tiles, and 6 control plots without tiles on intertidal seawalls at Pulau Hantu, an offshore island south of mainland Singapore. Benthic cover and fish assemblage were surveyed within each plot using photoquadrats and underwater video cameras, respectively, from April 2018 to February 2019. We found greater abundance and species richness and distinct assemblages of fish in the enhanced plots compared to the control plots. These differences were driven largely by an increase in both abundance and richness of fish species with epibenthic-feeding strategies and were significantly associated with higher biotic cover in the enhanced plots, especially epilithic algal matrix (EAM). Our results indicate that, in addition to facilitating epilithic organisms, microhabitat enhancement can provide food resources for epibenthic-feeding fishes, increase fish biodiversity, and alter fish assemblages in tropical urbanised shorelines.
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Bodharamik, Thavin, Waraporn Juntarajumnong, Chamnarn Apiwathnasorn, Sungsit Sungvornyothin, and Uraiwan Arunyawat. "Diversity Of Mosquito Species Ovipositing In Different Zones of Light Intensity Within Limestone Caves In Thailand." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/18-6742.1.

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ABSTRACT Climate change and human activity affect the geographical and annual distribution and population abundance of mosquitoes. As natural habitats are reduced, it is hypothesized that mosquitoes may seek refuge in more stable environments such as cave habitats. Therefore, we explored the species diversity of mosquitoes exploiting cave habitats in Thailand. Ten species belonging to 4 genera were collected, of which none were considered to be true cave-dwelling species (Troglobiont). The known cavernicolous species, Aedes cavaticus, was observed to oviposit outside of the cave and therefore should be categorized as a subtroglophilic species. Other species were also oviposited inside the cave but should be regarded as trogloxenic species. There was no clear association between environmental factors and mosquito abundance inside the 4 limestone caves, except for Ae. cavaticus, which was positively correlated with rainfall. This study indicates that different biotic or abiotic factors may be involved in mosquito oviposition site selection inside caves.
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Caillaux, Luis M., and Wolfgang B. Stotz. "Distribution and abundance of Rhynchocinetes typus (Crustacea: Decapoda), in different benthic community structures in northern Chile." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, no. 1 (January 10, 2003): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315403006908h.

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An evaluation was carried out on the distribution and abundance of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus in the inshore subtidal zone on the north-central coast of Chile. A number of different benthic community types occur in the region which have different degrees of spatial complexity provided by the primary substratum and by the biotic communities colonizing the substratum. Shrimp abundance was estimated in five different community types including shallow and deep ‘barren grounds’, low encrusting communities, erect suspension feeding associations, and kelp beds of Lessonia trabeculata. The abundance of shrimp was determined on three different types of primary substratum (stones, boulders, rock mass) within each community. Rhynchocinetes typus occurred in all the communities studied, showing the highest abundance on the deep barren grounds and lowest abundance on the shallow barren grounds. The shrimp was found to prefer the stony areas, as these offered the greatest degree of refuge. The abundance of predators was not significantly different among the different communities. However, a decline of abundance of predators was apparent over the deep barren grounds.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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au, k. maher@murdoch edu, and Kellie Maher. "Encroachment of sandplain heathland (kwongan) by Allocasuarina huegeliana in the Western Australian wheatbelt: the role of herbivores, fire and other factors." Murdoch University, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20081211.92011.

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Kwongan, also known as sandplain heathland, occurs in remnant vegetation throughout the fragmented landscape of the Western Australian wheatbelt. This vegetation community has high levels of species richness and endemism, and is of high conservation value. In many vegetation remnants in the wheatbelt the native tree species Allocasuarina huegeliana (rock sheoak) is expanding out from its normal range and encroaching into kwongan. A. huegeliana may ultimately dominate the kwongan, causing a decline in floristic diversity. Altered disturbance regimes, particularly the absence of fire and reduced or absent browsing mammal herbivores, are likely to be responsible for causing A. huegeliana encroachment. This study used experimental and observational data from patches of kwongan in three Nature Reserves in the central and southern wheatbelt to investigate the role of fire, native mammal activities and interactions between these two factors in shaping A. huegeliana woodland–kwongan community boundaries. Investigations were carried out into the characteristics of encroaching A. huegeliana populations; the environmental factors affecting the extent of encroachment, naturally recruited juveniles, and seedling emergence and establishment; historical and current abundances of native mammals; and the effects of mammal herbivores on seedling establishment during inter-fire and post-fire periods. Results from this study confirm that A. huegeliana has encroached into kwongan throughout the wheatbelt region and recruitment appears likely to continue in most areas. Few of the environmental factors measured in this study affected the extent of encroachment, the locations of naturally recruited A. huegeliana juveniles, and seedling germination and establishment. Western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) browsed extensively on seedlings, which largely prevented them from establishing in open areas of kwongan. However, numerous A. huegeliana seedlings escaped browsing herbivores by establishing in perennial shrubs, where they appeared to be tolerant of increased levels of inter-specific competition. There was no native mammal common to all three Reserves that declined around the time that A. huegeliana encroachment most likely began in the 1970s. In addition, tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) had little effect even where their densities were high. It is therefore unlikely that the decline of an individual mammal species initiated encroachment. A. huegeliana encroachment appears to be driven by increased propagule pressure, which is in turn caused by increased inter-fire intervals. Long periods of time without fire have enabled fire-sensitive A. huegeliana trees to produce increasing quantities of seed that are continuously released into kwongan. A range of other factors may interact synergistically with this process to affect encroachment and these are also discussed. This study considered the implications of these findings for management of remnant vegetation in fragmented landscapes, particularly kwongan in the Western Australian wheatbelt, and areas for further research are suggested.
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Gandhi, Kamal Jit Kaur. "The importance of fire-skips as biotic refugia and the influence of forest heterogeneity on epigaeic beetles in pyrogenic stands of the northern Rocky Mountains." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ47034.pdf.

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Silva, Cátia Sofia Santos Bailão da. "Design para assistência humanitária. A situação dos refugiados e das deslocações internas." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/10927.

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A presente:e dissertação pretende demonstrar que o Design orientado para a assistência humanitária, sustentado no conceito de Design para a Sustentabilidade e no conceito de Biónica possui grandes capacidades para melhorar as condições de vida de indivíduos mais desfavorecidos, nomeadamente refugiados e deslocados internos. O trabalho desenvolve-se em três partes: contextualização teórica, visando aprofundar e interligar conhecimentos inerentes ao Design para a assistência humanitária; Design como processo, revelando diferentes abordagens metodológicas, nomeadamente a Natureza como referência projetual; e aplicação prática de conhecimentos, aliando a informação recolhida ao desenvolvimento de um exercício projetual, revelando-se como resposta aos objetivos delineados na investigação; Title EN.: Design for humanitarian assistance. The situation of refugees and internal displacement. ### Abstract: This dissertation aims to demonstrate that the humanitarian assistance design-oriented, supported on the concept of Design for Sustainability and the concept of Bionics has great potential to improve the living conditions of disadvantaged individuals, including refugees and internally displaced. The work is developed in three parts: the theoretical context to deepen and connect knowledge inherent in Design for humanitarian assistance; Design as a process, revealing different methodological approaches, including Nature as projectual reference; and practical application of knowledge, combining information gathered to develop a projectual exercise, revealing itself as a response to the objectives outlined in research.
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Books on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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Leahy, Christopher W. The nature of Massachusetts. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1996.

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D, Humburg Dale, Burke Vincent J, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Initial biotic survey of the Lisbon Bottom, Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey : Springfield, Va., 1999.

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A, Gleason Robert, Geological Survey (U.S.), and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service., eds. Literature review and database of relations between salinity and aquatic biota: Applications to Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge, Montana. [Reston, VA]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2009.

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Waterman, Jonathan. Where Mountains Are Nameless: Passion and Politics in the Arctic Wildlife Refuge. W. W. Norton, 2007.

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Waterman, Jonathan. Where Mountains Are Nameless: Passion and Politics in the Arctic Wildlife Refuge. W. W. Norton, 2007.

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Where Mountains Are Nameless: Passion and Politics in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. W. W. Norton & Company, 2005.

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Lima, Tatiane do Nascimento, and Rogério Rodrigues Faria. Ecótono Cerrado Pantanal: meio ambiente e história natural. Editora Amplla, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51859/amplla.ecp672.1121-0.

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O termo Bioma refere-se a uma área do espaço geográfico representada por um tipo uniforme de ambiente, dentro do qual é possível identificar características similares de macroclima, fitofisionomia, solo e altitude (WALTER, 1986). Dentro dessas áreas espécies surgiram e se desenvolveram em resposta à essas características do ambiente. Tal processo permite que por exemplo, dentro dessas áreas os vegetais apresentem aspectos, formas e processos fisiológicos característicos (CRAWLEY, 1989). Dessa maneira, a manutenção desses biomas, com suas características ambientais únicas, é de fundamental importância para a manutenção da biodiversidade e dos serviços ecossistêmicos que ali ocorrem (regulação climática, ciclo de matéria, segurança alimentar, entre outros) (PBMC/BPBES, 2018; JOLY et al., 2019). O Brasil é formado por seis grandes biomas: Amazônia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica, Pampas e Pantanal (IBGE, 2019). Dentro desses ambientes são encontrados uma grande diversidade de fauna e flora e características únicas de relevo e clima. Essa variedade de biomas está relacionada a grande extensão territorial do Brasil e a sua posição geográfica. Todas essas características fazem do Brasil o maior detentor de biota continental do mundo, sendo estimado um valor entre 15% e 20% das aproximadamente 1,5 milhões de espécies descritas no planeta. Só de plantas vasculares os números mais recentes citados são de 56108 espécies, com 12400 (22%) endêmicas. Esses dados representam aproximadamente 22% do total mundial (LEWINSOHN; PRADO, 2002; SHEPHERD, 2002; HUBBELL, 2008; GIAM et al., 2010). Dentro desse contexto, os biomas Cerrado e Pantanal se integram por meio dos rios que nascem nos planaltos do Cerrado. Esses rios contribuem na formação do Pantanal, nas planícies inundáveis da bacia do Paraguai (BRASIL, 2007). No Domínio Cerrado, a dinâmica ambiental é proveniente de uma marcada sazonalidade climática com duas estações bem definidas, o período seco e o período chuvoso (ASSAD, 1994; SILVA, 2011). Essa sazonalidade climática modifica constantemente as propriedades do solo, da flora e da paisagem e a reestruturação de muitas comunidades (AMARAL et al., 2013; MALHEIROS, 2016). No Pantanal as áreas conhecidas como planícies de inundação se caracterizam pela presença de hábitats que variam de aquáticos a terrestres, de acordo com o grau de comunicação com o rio principal (PAZ; TUCCI, 2010). Os ciclos de secas e cheias são um importante fenômeno hídrico para a região, criando um sistema complexo e dinâmico (JUNK; DA SILVA, 1999; RESENDE, 2008). O Cerrado é uma das 25 áreas do mundo consideradas críticas para a conservação, devido à riqueza biológica e à alta pressão antrópica a que vem sendo submetido (MYERS et al., 2000). O Pantanal, por sua vez, é reconhecido mundialmente pela abundância de sua fauna (MITTERMEIER et al., 1990; HARRIS et al., 2005) e é considerado Reserva da Biosfera e Patrimônio Natural da Humanidade pela Unesco (BRASIL, 2018). O conhecimento dos aspectos que envolvem a fauna, a flora e as características dessas paisagens são de extrema importância para a sua conservação e preservação. As áreas de transição entre esses dois biomas, chamadas áreas de ecótono, se fazem presentes no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Nessa região, os biomas Cerrado e Pantanal possuem correlações quanto aos aspectos geomorfológicos e fitogeográficos (RODRIGUES et al., 2017). Na região o encontro entre o Planalto de Maracaju-Campo Grande e a Planície Pantaneira é uma área comum de elementos bióticos e abióticos entre o planalto e a planície (FILHO et al., 2009). A transição entre dois ecossistemas implica a existência de uma área com valores intermediários para diversos parâmetros ambientais (NEIFF, 2003). Por um lado, a área de transição pode gerar um aumento na biodiversidade, dado o fato dessas áreas apresentarem representantes de fauna e flora dos dois ecossistemas (VELOSO et al., 1991). Contudo, essas áreas de transição podem também representarem barreira ou área de isolamento com ecossistemas vizinhos (MALANSON, 1997). Desta forma, uma análise voltada para as áreas de ecótono entre esses dois biomas faz-se necessária, uma vez que a preservação de um depende da preservação do outro. Sobretudo para o entendimento de que essas paisagens de ecótono podem ser responsáveis pelo isolamento e amortecimento das alterações dentro dos biomas Cerrado e Pantanal. Este E-book traz estudos desenvolvidos na área de ecótono Cerrado Pantanal no município de Aquidauana (MS) e entorno. O município está localizado a 130 Km a oeste da capital Campo Grande. Aquidauana por se tratar de um município com influência dos biomas Cerrado e Pantanal, abriga uma grande biodiversidade, sendo citada pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente (BRASIL, 2002) como área prioritária para conservação da biodiversidade. Na mesma via, o município se destaca por sua vocação turística e agropecuária, o que demanda atenção, devido ao processo de intensa ocupação e exploração antrópica dos recursos naturais. Dessa maneira, o conhecimento de suas características ambientais e dos processos ecológicos desempenhados por sua fauna e flora contribuem para sua preservação e manutenção.
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Book chapters on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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Baker, Paul A., Sherilyn C. Fritz, David S. Battisti, Christopher W. Dick, Oscar M. Vargas, Gregory P. Asner, Roberta E. Martin, Alexander Wheatley, and Ivan Prates. "Beyond Refugia: New Insights on Quaternary Climate Variation and the Evolution of Biotic Diversity in Tropical South America." In Neotropical Diversification: Patterns and Processes, 51–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31167-4_3.

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"Shark Nursery Grounds of the Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast Waters of the United States." In Shark Nursery Grounds of the Gulf of Mexico and the East Coast Waters of the United States, edited by HAROLD L. PRATT and JEFFREY C. CARRIER. American Fisheries Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569810.ch14.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—A 12-year study of nurse shark <em>Ginglymostoma cirratum </em>reproduction in the islands of the Dry Tortugas, Florida has shown continued use of a 0.8-square-hectare shallow lagoon by sharks in all life stages from neonate through adult. Adults breed here every year during the June and July mating season. Juveniles use the same lagoon until they are about 185 cm total length (TL). When not in the lagoon, evidence from remote sensing shows that the sharks spend a large part of their time at or near the base of the seaward fringing reef. The sharks’ distribution in this area takes advantage of natural geological and biotic habitat features. To determine habitat use, movements, and behavior, we have tagged 242 nurse sharks (31.5–275 cm TL), including 103 adults, and placed transmitters on 49 adults. Tag recaptures have shown that most males return annually to mate and most females return at 2-year or longer intervals. Our repeated capture and recapture of juveniles of all sizes from neonate to 165 cm substantiates the additional use of this same sea grass lagoon as primary and secondary nursery grounds. The surrounding octocoral and fringing reef habitats are important to the reproductive cycle of adults. It may take the juxtaposition of these three habitats to create a mating refuge.
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Milne, Bruce T., and Douglas I. Moore. "Multidecadal Drought Cycles in South-Central New Mexico: Patterns and Consequences." In Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response in Long-Term Ecological Research Sites. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150599.003.0027.

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Extreme, regional droughts are the most common form of disturbance in semiarid ecosystems typified by relatively slow recovery rates. Drought-driven impacts can include regionally synchronized insect outbreaks, wildfires, and tree mortality (Swetnam and Betancourt 1990), as well as disastrous failures of agriculture, silviculture, and livestock production (Mainguet 1994). Drought conditions, accompanied by anthropogenic land mismanagement, have led to subsequent invasions of grasslands and farmlands by woody shrubs and nonnative forbs and grasses, contributing to the modern “desertification” process manifested in many parts of the world (Archer et al. 1988). In the American Southwest, the drought of the 1950s was one of the most severe climate events of the past millennium because of wide ramifications for the region’s ecology (Herbel et al. 1972; Swetnam and Betancourt 1998), water resources (Thomas 1963), and economy (Regensberg 1996). As human population and resource needs increase in the Southwest, so will the economic sensitivity to largescale drought. A clear understanding of extreme droughts is necessary not only to understand long-term ecosystem dynamics, but also to mitigate socioeconomic impacts. The goals of this chapter are to use the Sevilleta LTER site in central New Mexico to (1) quantify the decadal variability in precipitation inferred from a 394-year record of tree rings, (2) relate the repeated decadal fluctuations in precipitation to major droughts of the 1890s and 1950s, (3) assess the ecological responses associated with droughts of the last century, and (4) elucidate the biotic-atmospheric feed backs that may influence future responses. We assess the magnitude, timing, and consequences of decadal fluctuations in annual precipitation. The Sevilleta LTER research site is located at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Socorro County, New Mexico (34º20' N, 106º50' W). The Sevilleta NWR comprises 100,000 ha of grassland, desert, and woodland bordered by two mountain ranges and the Rio Grande Valley in between. Elevations range from 1,350 m at the Rio Grande to 2,797 m at Ladrón Peak in the northwestern portion of the refuge. Topography, geology, soils, and hydrology, interacting with major air mass dynamics, provide a spatial and temporal template that makes the region a transition zone between several biomes. The region contains communities that both represent and intersect Great Plains Grassland, Great Basin Shrub-steppe, Chihuahuan Desert, Interior Chaparral, and Montane Coniferous Forest (Brown 1982).
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Bahre, Conrad J., and Luis Bourillón. "Human Impact in the Midriff Islands." In Island Biogeography in the Sea of Cortés II. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133462.003.0021.

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Although many students of island biogeography consider the midriff islands one of the world’s last major refuges of pristine desert-island biota, humans have been a part of that ecosystem for possibly 10,000 years or more. Humans have long affected the terrestrial and inshore marine biota, but the most serious injuries they have caused apparently began in the mid- to late nineteenth century with the start of guano mining on Patos, Rasa, and San Pedro Mártir islands. Since then, most of the major human impacts affecting the Midriff are related to rapid population growth in northwestern Mexico and increasing demands for the Midriff’s fishery and tourist resources. This chapter offers both historical and ecological perspectives on the human occupancy of the Midriff, so that a cultural-historical foundation will be available for ecological studies in the region as well as for land-use planning and conservation. The Midriff, located between 28° and 29°45´N and 112° and 114°W, includes the coasts of Lower California and Sonora and 39 islands and islets. Tiburόn, with an area of 1223.53 km2 and a maximum elevation of 1219 m, and Ángel de la Guarda, with an area of 936.04 km2 and a maximum elevation of 1315 m, are among the largest and most mountainous islands of Mexico. The other major islands of the Midriff, in order of decreasing size, are San Esteban (40.72 km2), San Lorenzo (33.03 km2), Smith (Coronado) (9.13 km2), San Lorenzo Norte (Las Ánimas) (4.26 km2), San Pedro Mártir (2.9 km2), Mejía (2.26 km2), Partida Norte (1.36 km2), Dátil (Turner) (1.25 km2), Alcatraz (Tassne or Pelícano) (1.2 km2), Salsipuedes (1.16 km2), Estanque (Pond) (1.03 km2), Rasa (0.68 km2), and Patos (0.45 km2) (Murphy, unpublished data). The entire region is extremely arid, and Tiburón is the only island that has permanent potable water, found in a few springs or in tinajas, although several tinajas on Ángel de la Guarda may contain water for long periods. The only island permanently inhabited since initial European contact is Tiburón, the historic stronghold of the Seri Indians or Comcáac, once a seminomadic, nonagricultural, seafaring, hunting, fishing, and gathering people.
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Freidberg, Susanne. "Conclusion." In French Beans and Food Scares. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169607.003.0009.

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Seven years after Britain’s government in 1996 admitted to the potentially catastrophic human health risks of mad cow disease, fears of the deadly pathogen had faded. Scientists had neither a vaccine nor a cure for nCJD, but in early 2003 they downgraded the projected infection rates; tens of thousands of cases of nCJD now appeared unlikely. The domestic beef market had recovered, and even long-critical media commentators said it was time for beef “to have a revival” (Lawrence 2003a). Whether for reasons of safety, taste or patriotism, market surveys indicated that consumers now preferred British beef to imported meats (Mintel 2003). They also worried rather less about overall food safety. According to the government’s Food Standards Agency (FSA) annual Consumer Attitudes Survey, the percentage of consumers who described themselves as “very” or “quite” concerned about food safety had dropped to 68 percent in 2002 down from 71 percent the year before.1 This is still a lot of concern, but the government nonetheless concluded that it had “made some headway” in its efforts to win back public trust. At the international level, however, longstanding food controversies still simmered and sometimes flared. Zambia, for example, set off a round of transatlantic name-calling in late 2002 when, despite impending famine, it refused to distribute genetically modified (GM) food aid from the United States. The U.S. trade secretary accused the “Luddite” Europeans of forcing Africans to go hungry because the Zambians, like other southern African agro-exporters, feared losing access to the European market if American GM corn contaminated their own crops. European NGOs, meanwhile, condemned the United States for using food aid to establish an African beachhead for the biotech industry (Vidal 2002; Teather 2003). Media analysis of this controversy gave little attention to Zambian citizens’ views of GM food, emphasizing instead the striking rift between American and European perspectives on GM foods and food quality more generally. As in past coverage of the transatlantic GM battle, the explanation was partly cultural (Europeans simply care more about taste than shelf life), partly social psychological. The trauma of recent food scares, in other words, had left Europeans suspicious of “unnatural” foods even if “science” insisted they were safe.
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Conference papers on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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Dinata, Defri Aryu, Rachmanto Heryawan Adiputra, and Wijoyo Hadi Mursito. "Can Doctors Refuse Withholding and Withdrawing Life Support to Critically Ill Patients in Indonesia? Associated with Medical, Bioethic, and Medicolegal Issues." In International Conference on Law Reform (INCLAR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200226.017.

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Reports on the topic "Biotic refuge"

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Dodd, Hope, David Peitz, Gareth Rowell, Janice Hinsey, David Bowles, Lloyd Morrison, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jefrey Williams. Protocol for Monitoring Fish Communities in Small Streams in the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284726.

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Fish communities are an important component of aquatic systems and are good bioindicators of ecosystem health. Land use changes in the Midwest have caused sedimentation, erosion, and nutrient loading that degrades and fragments habitat and impairs water quality. Because most small wadeable streams in the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) have a relatively small area of their watersheds located within park boundaries, these streams are at risk of degradation due to adjacent land use practices and other anthropogenic disturbances. Shifts in the physical and chemical properties of aquatic systems have a dramatic effect on the biotic community. The federally endangered Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka) and other native fishes have declined in population size due to habitat degradation and fragmentation in Midwest streams. By protecting portions of streams on publicly owned lands, national parks may offer refuges for threatened or endangered species and species of conservation concern, as well as other native species. This protocol describes the background, history, justification, methodology, data analysis and data management for long-term fish community monitoring of wadeable streams within nine HTLN parks: Effigy Mounds National Monument (EFMO), George Washington Carver National Monument (GWCA), Herbert Hoover National Historic Site (HEHO), Homestead National Monument of America (HOME), Hot Springs National Park (HOSP), Pea Ridge National Military Park (PERI), Pipestone National Monument (PIPE), Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (TAPR), and Wilson's Creek national Battlefield (WICR). The objectives of this protocol are to determine the status and long-term trends in fish richness, diversity, abundance, and community composition in small wadeable streams within these nine parks and correlate the long-term community data to overall water quality and habitat condition (DeBacker et al. 2005).
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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex, California, 1988-89. US Geological Survey, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri924036.

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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon, 1988-89. US Geological Survey, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri914085.

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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Lower Rio Grande Valley and Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, 1986-87. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri874277.

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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Vermejo Project area and the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge, Colfax County, northeastern New Mexico, 1993. US Geological Survey, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri964157.

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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the middle Rio Grande Valley and Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, 1988-89. US Geological Survey, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri914036.

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Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent areas of the Milk River basin, northeastern Montana, 1986-87. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri874243.

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Detailed study of selenium in soil, water, bottom sediment, and biota in the Sun River Irrigation Project, Freezout Lake Wildlife Management Area, and Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge, west-central Montana, 1990-92. US Geological Survey, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri954170.

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