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Journal articles on the topic 'Biotechniques'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Biotechniques.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Bartacek, Jan, Christian Kennes, and Piet N. L. Lens. "Biotechniques for air pollution control (biotechniques 2009)." Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 8, no. 4 (November 21, 2009): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11157-009-9185-8.

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2

Mancuso, Teresina, Luca Croce, and Monica Vercelli. "Total Brood Removal and Other Biotechniques for the Sustainable Control of Varroa Mites in Honey Bee Colonies: Economic Impact in Beekeeping Farm Case Studies in Northwestern Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062302.

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Honey bee colonies are affected by many threats, and the Varroa mite represents one of the most important causes of honey bee disease. The control of the Varroa population is managed by different methods, and in recent years, biotechnical practices are considered preferable to chemical approaches in order to safeguard honey bee health and avoid residues in bee products as well as the appearance of acaricide resistance. However, little is known about the economic performance of beekeeping exploitations in relation to the methods used for tackling Varroa. This study aims to investigate the economic impact of total brood removal (TBR) as a biotechnique to keep Varroa mites under control, and compare this to other common biotechniques and chemical Varroa control in numerous Italian beekeeping case studies. A pool of economic and technical indexes was proposed. The proposed index pool can be included in the development of an expert system (such as a decision support system) able to address the optimal management of this very complex activity, which requires natural resources, land protection, capital and high technical skills. The result showed that the adoption of the TBR biotechnique vs. other biotechniques led to an increase in terms of total revenue (increase values ranging from 11% to 28%) even though more labor is needed (increase values ranging from 43 to 83 min/hive) and a loss of honey production could be recorded in some cases. Additionally, the total expenses, represented mainly by supplemental nutrition and treatments with oxalic acid, affected the economic results of the biotechnical practices. The use of biotechniques vs. chemical control resulted in decreased treatment costs and increased feeding costs. The advantages resulting from not using synthetic acaricides (which are dangerous for honey bee and human health as well as the environment) as well as the advantages linked to the production of new nuclei (which are involved in the maintenance of bee stock and counteract the decline in honey bee population) and pollination ecosystem services could make beekeeping farms more resilient over time.

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3

Herrant, Thierry. "« L'économie des biotechniques »." Revue d’économie industrielle 36, no. 1 (1986): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rei.1986.2181.

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4

Caneill, Jacques, Didier Picard, and André Torre. "Contribution des disciplines biotechniques." Cahiers Agricultures 23, no. 2 (March 2014): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2014.0692.

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5

Lake, Francesca. "Welcome to BioTechniques 2020!" BioTechniques 68, no. 1 (January 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0162.

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6

Wootton, R. "Radioisotopes. Introduction to biotechniques." Endeavour 17, no. 1 (March 1993): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(93)90043-3.

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7

McCormick, Douglas. "Twenty-Five Years of BioTechniques." BioTechniques 44, no. 1 (January 2008): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/000112716.

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8

van Groenestijn, Johan W., and Paul G. M. Hesselink. "Biotechniques for air pollution control." Biodegradation 4, no. 4 (December 1993): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00695975.

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9

Lake, Francesca. "Looking back at 2019 in BioTechniques." BioTechniques 67, no. 6 (December 2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0142.

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10

Wolter, Klaus-Juergen, and Gerald Gerlach. "Nano- and Biotechniques in Electronic Packaging." IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine 4, no. 1 (March 2010): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mnano.2010.935970.

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11

Wenham, P. R. "Book Review: PCR: Introduction to Biotechniques." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 3 (May 1995): 342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329503200323.

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12

Afford, S. "Gel Electrophoresis: Proteins: Introduction to Biotechniques." Molecular Pathology 49, no. 3 (June 1, 1996): M182—M183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/mp.49.3.m182-c.

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13

Lake, Francesca. "Thanking BioTechniques’ advertisers for making print possible." BioTechniques 64, no. 6 (June 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2018-0068.

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14

Martin, Joseph, and Tristan Free. "A look back at 2019 in BioTechniques." BioTechniques 68, no. 1 (January 2020): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0164.

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15

Kennes, Christian. "Biotechniques for air pollution control and bioenergy." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 87, no. 6 (May 18, 2012): 723–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.3829.

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16

Sawyer, Abigail, Tristan Free, and Ebony Torrington. "I'm dreaming of a COVID-free Christmas." BioTechniques 71, no. 6 (December 2021): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2021-0113.

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17

Sawyer, Abigail. "Psychobiotics: are we on the cusp of a breakthrough?" BioTechniques 71, no. 3 (September 2021): 451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2021-0071.

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18

Sawyer, Abigail. "Who owns your DNA?" BioTechniques 71, no. 1 (July 2021): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2021-0059.

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With the recent news that George Church is selling his genome as a nonfungible token and more unresolved murder cases being solved through familial DNA identification, BioTechniques is asking: who owns your DNA?

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19

McMurray, J. R. "Book Review: Introduction to Biotechniques. Gel Electrophoresis: Proteins." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 31, no. 4 (July 1994): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329403100430.

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20

Schiemann, Joachim, Antje Dietz-Pfeilstetter, Frank Hartung, Christian Kohl, Jörg Romeis, and Thorben Sprink. "Risk Assessment and Regulation of Plants Modified by Modern Biotechniques: Current Status and Future Challenges." Annual Review of Plant Biology 70, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 699–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100025.

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This review describes the current status and future challenges of risk assessment and regulation of plants modified by modern biotechniques, namely genetic engineering and genome editing. It provides a general overview of the biosafety and regulation of genetically modified plants and details different regulatory frameworks with a focus on the European situation. The environmental risk and safety assessment of genetically modified plants is explained, and aspects of toxicological assessments are discussed, especially the controversial debate in Europe on the added scientific value of untargeted animal feeding studies. Because RNA interference (RNAi) is increasingly explored for commercial applications, the risk and safety assessment of RNAi-based genetically modified plants is also elucidated. The production, detection, and identification of genome-edited plants are described. Recent applications of modern biotechniques, namely synthetic biology and gene drives, are discussed, and a short outlook on the future follows.

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21

Torrington, Ebony, Tristan Free, Abigail Sawyer, and Michelle Itano. "Welcome to the 72nd Volume of BioTechniques." BioTechniques 72, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2021-0112.

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22

Nieri, P., D. Donadio, S. Rossi, B. Adinolfi, and A. Podesta. "Antibodies for Therapeutic Uses and the Evolution of Biotechniques." Current Medicinal Chemistry 16, no. 6 (February 1, 2009): 753–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709787458380.

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23

Kruip, ThAm, and Cg van Reenen. "New Biotechniques and their Consequences for Farm Animal Welfare." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 35, no. 6 (December 2000): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0531.2000.00274.x.

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24

Di Trapani, Giovanna, and Frank Clarke. "Biotechniques laboratory: An enabling course in the biological sciences." Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 40, no. 1 (January 2012): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmb.20573.

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25

DEDIEU, B., J. AUBIN, G. DUTEURTRE, G. ALEXANDRE, J. VAYSSIERES, P. BOMMEL, B. FAYE, et al. "Conception et évaluation de systèmes d’élevage durables en régions chaudes." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 1 (March 4, 2011): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.1.3244.

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Les démarches de conception et d’évaluation de systèmes d’élevage innovants en régions chaudes doivent prendre en compte les spécificités de ces systèmes. Outre les caractéristiques des milieux, ces spécificités tiennent à l’importance des fonctions non productives des troupeaux et à la complexité des modes de gestion de l’accès aux ressources (mobilité notamment). Nous discutons les démarches de conception en utilisant les notions de cristallisation, de plasticité et de développement des systèmes innovants et présentons les bases de l’évaluation (environnementale, filière, technico-économique) et ses fonctions dans le processus de conception. Nous illustrons la conception réglée ou innovante appuyée sur de la modélisation à l’aide d’exemples aux Antilles (élevage caprin, polyculture-élevage, avec une composante biotechnique forte), à la Réunion (élevage laitier avec une démarche participative de construction du modèle avec les agriculteurs) et en Amazonie (composante décisionnelle incluant les équilibres et interaction entre activités d’élevage et culture - démarche participative avec les acteurs territoriaux). La diversité des cas souligne les enjeux de la conception et de l’évaluation : prise en compte de la diversité des systèmes dans leurs composantes techniques et humaines, participation des acteurs à la démarche, développements biotechniques et clarification des processus décisionnels, réflexion sur des indicateurs adaptés et pertinents pour les éleveurs et les territoires dans lesquels ils s’insèrent.

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26

Fonseca Zangirolamo, Amanda, Nathalia Covre da Silva, Fábio Morotti, and Marcelo Marcondes Seneda. "The impact of sanity on the fertility of cows submitted to reproductive biotechnics." Revista Acadêmica: Ciência Animal 15, Suppl 2 (August 29, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/academica.15.s02.2017.a09.

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The productivity in the herds is directly associated with reproduction. Thus, in order to achieve a better efficiency, the most varied reproductive biotechniques have been applied to the plants. Several factors have a direct influence on reproductive performance, including genetics, nutrition, zootechnical management, and sanitation. However, the sanity of the herd through the use of prophylactic measures against infectious agents is often neglected. In this context, particular attention should be paid to health programs, since 37-50% of gestational losses in the herd are consequences of infectious diseases of the reproductive tract caused by viral, bacterial or protozoan agents. Thus, this review will discuss the main advantages obtained with the use of reproductive biotechniques to increase fertility and the epidemiological aspects related to the diseases that cause reproductive failures in cows. Finally, we will also explain the importance of implementing sanitary programs with adequate management and vaccination of animals, to minimize economic losses related to reproductive diseases and, consequently, obtain higher pregnancy rates in the use of reproduction biotechnologies.

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27

YAMAMOTO, Yoshihiro. "Application of the Biotechniques about Sake Yeast Analysis and Development." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 102, no. 11 (2007): 802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan1988.102.802.

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28

Desmettre, Ph. "Apport des nouvelles biotechniques à la production des vaccins vétérinaires." Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France, no. 3 (1987): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/64875.

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29

Lake, Francesca. "Join us for the Advancing Precision Medicine BioTechniques Online Symposium." BioTechniques 67, no. 1 (July 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0075.

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30

Singh, B., M. S. Chauhan, S. K. Singla, S. K. Gautam, V. Verma, R. S. Manik, A. K. Singh, M. Sodhi, and M. Mukesh. "Reproductive biotechniques in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): status, prospects and challenges." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 4 (2009): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd08172.

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The swamp buffalo holds tremendous potential in the livestock sector in Asian and Mediterranean countries. Current needs are the faster multiplication of superior genotypes and the conservation of endangered buffalo breeds. Recent advances in assisted reproductive technologies, including in vitro embryo production methodologies, offer enormous opportunities to not only improve productivity, but also to use buffaloes to produce novel products for applications to human health and nutrition. The use of molecular genomics will undoubtedly advance these technologies for their large-scale application and resolve the key problems currently associated with advanced reproductive techniques, such as animal cloning, stem cell technology and transgenesis. Preliminary success in the application of modern reproductive technologies warrants further research at the cellular and molecular levels before their commercial exploitation in buffalo breeding programmes.

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31

Loskutoff, N. M., D. C. Kraemer, B. L. Raphael, S. L. Huntress, and D. E. Wildt. "Advances in reproduction in captive, female great apes: Value of biotechniques." American Journal of Primatology 24, no. 3-4 (1991): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.1350240303.

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32

Pohlman, Robert. "Beginner's Guide to Biotechniques Introduction to Practical Molecular Biology P. D. Darbre." BioScience 39, no. 10 (November 1989): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311010.

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33

Teixeira, Antonio RL, Augusto Simões-Barbosa, Eric Faudry, Silene P. Lozzi, Enrique R. Argañaraz, Marian D'Souza-Ault, and Jaime M. Santana. "Current millennium biotechniques for biomedical research on parasites and host-parasite interactions." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 95, suppl 1 (2000): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762000000700021.

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34

Della Justina, Clarissa Rosa Vieira, Jader Lugon Junior, Maria Inês Paes Ferreira, and Pedro Paulo Gomes Watts Rodrigues. "Nature based solutions as a promising alternative for river restoration and flood reduction." Boletim do Observatório Ambiental Alberto Ribeiro Lamego 13, no. 2 (February 21, 2020): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.19180/2177-4560.v13n22019p198-212.

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Nature based solutions (NBS), have been used mainly in European countries, in the United States, and more recently in China. In this paper are identified international studies (2015-2018) which presented environmental solutions aiming at river requalification and reducing the effects of floods in municipalities. Based on the method of bibliographical revision, 12 (twelve) articles were selected. The results revealed that these nature based solutions of which uses tools from Natural Engineering and Biotechniques proved themselves to be efficient to promote the restoration of the hydromorphological conditions of the rivers, and its use in estuarine municipalities is suggested.

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35

Pawley, Jim. "Using the PMT in a Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope as a Digital Light Meter to Measure Detection Photon Efficiency." Microscopy Today 10, no. 1 (February 2002): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500050446.

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If we accept that the optical layouts of single-beam laser scanning confocals are generally quite similar, the most important variable is “Photon Efficiency” (PE): the fraction of photons leaving the focal plane that actually contribute to the number stored in the image memory. Unfortunately, this parameter is a function of a very large number of operator settings, design decisions and optical performance specifications (BioTechniques The 39 Steps; A Cautionary Tale about “quantitative” 3D fluorescence microscopy, April 2000 28:884-7). As a result, although all manufactures claim excellent “Photon Efficiency” none actually provide any specifications. We have to determine the PE ourselves.

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36

HABU, Yoshiki, and Shigeru IIDA. "Plant Biotechniques Series (8). AFLP (Amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism)-based mRNA fingerprinting." Plant Biotechnology 15, no. 4 (1998): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.15.249.

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37

R. Bullock, N., and G. Norton. "Biotechniques to assess the fermentation of resistant starch in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract." Carbohydrate Polymers 38, no. 3 (March 1999): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(98)00095-2.

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38

NIZANSKI, W. "Can we use reproductive biotechniques in cats like it is used in dogs?" Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal 46, no. 4 (2022): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21451/1809-3000.rbra2022.038.

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39

DEDIEU, B., P. FAVERDIN, J. Y. DOURMAD, and A. GIBON. "Système d’élevage, un concept pour raisonner les transformations de l’élevage." INRAE Productions Animales 21, no. 1 (March 20, 2008): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2008.21.1.3374.

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Le concept de «système d’élevage» a été développé pour rendre compte et modéliser des interactions entre dimensions humaines et dimensions biotechniques de l’activité d’élevage. Après avoir rappelé l’origine et les bases des approches intégrées de l’élevage, et les applications centrées sur les liens décisions-pratiques-performances de troupeau, nous montrons comment ce concept évolue pour traiter des transformations de l’élevage, tant des attentes des éleveurs (pour un travail maîtrisé) que celles de la société (pour un plus grand respect de l’environnement). La problématique du développement durable appelle un renouvellement des approches des systèmes d’élevage vers l’étude des capacités adaptatives des systèmes socio-écologiques à l’échelle de territoires.

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40

Lake, Francesca. "You asked, we listened – get ready for more tips, tricks & discussion from BioTechniques." BioTechniques 64, no. 5 (May 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2018-0048.

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41

Ferreira de Camargo, Gregório Miguel. "The role of molecular genetics in livestock production." Animal Production Science 59, no. 2 (2019): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18013.

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Genetic variations that lead to easy-to-identify phenotypic changes have always been of interest to livestock breeders since domestication. Molecular genetics has opened up possibilities for identifying these variations and understanding their biological and population effects. Moreover, molecular genetics is part of the most diverse approaches and applications in animal production nowadays, including paternity testing, selection based on genetic variants, diagnostic of genetic diseases, reproductive biotechniques, fraud identification, differentiation of hybrids, parasite identification, genetic evaluation, diversity studies, and genome editing, among others. Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe the different applications of molecular genetics in livestock production, contextualising them with examples and highlighting the importance of the study of these topics and their applications.

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42

Prokopiuk, Olga, Mariia Shevchenko, Volodymyr Prokopiuk, Irina Musatova, Roman Safonov, and Oleksandra Prokopiuk. "Isolation and Cryopreservation of Placental Cells: Search for Optimal Biotechniques in Experimental and Regenerative Medicine." Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine 31, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/cryo31.01.082.

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High efficacy of placental cells application necessitates their investigation. Preclinical studies require an improvement of the methods for obtaining, standardizing and storage of placental cells of experimental animals. Cells were isolated from rats and mice placentas by means of different enzymatic methods and the one of explants. Cells were cryopreserved with DMSO in DMEM using two-stage freezing. The number, morphological, cultural, metabolic features of cells were studied after isolation and storage. The maximum number of viable cells from the placentas of mice and rats was found to be obtained using the explant method or trypsin with ETDA. Cell cultures from mice and rats placentas after the third passage had stable morphofunctional characteristics. The viability of warmed rat placental cells according to dye exclusion was (92.3 ± 1.6)%, according to the adhesive test this was (81.3 ± 5.8)%. For mice placental cells, these values were (86.7 ± 3.7)% and (79.2 ± 8.1)%, correspondingly. The research results enabled the determining of effective biotechniques for obtaining the cryopreserved placental cells of rats and mice to perform preclinical studies of their biological effect in models of allo- and autotransplantations.

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43

MIYAO, Akio, Muneo YAMAZAKI, and Hirohiko HIROCHIKA. "Plant Biotechniques Series (9). Systematic screening of mutants of rice by sequencing retrotransposon-insertion sites." Plant Biotechnology 15, no. 4 (1998): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.15.253.

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44

Yahya, Rana, and Hiba Faris Ahmed. "Article Review: Medical Plants: Their Compounds and the Biotechniques for Identifying and Separation of Them." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 5 (December 11, 2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.5.7.

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It was possible through this study to give a brief overview of the most important pharmaceutical compounds, which included glycosides, alkaloids, terpenes and their plant sources, which encourages the adoption of various separation techniques protocols to obtain multiple types of pharmaceutical compounds of high pharmacological value from medicinal plants compared to its standard compounds and thus the possibility of using it medically to cure many diseases and dispense with medicines and chemotherapy with multiple side effects and interactions. The study dealt with garlic, ginger and chamomile plants and their pharmaceutical compounds as examples of medicinal plants known since ancient times, research has confirmed its health benefits, as it supports normal body functions and the immune system.

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45

Vercelli, Monica, Luca Croce, and Teresina Mancuso. "An Economic Approach to Assess the Annual Stock in Beekeeping Farms: The Honey Bee Colony Inventory Tool." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 7, 2020): 9258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219258.

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For beekeepers, the beehive stock represents a fundamental means of ensuring the continuity of their activity, whether they are professionals or hobbyists. The evaluation of this asset for economic purposes requires knowledge of the rhythms and adaptations of honey bee colonies during the annual seasons. As in any breeding activity, it is necessary to establish the numerical and economic size of the species bred. Beekeepers are interested in this evaluation to monitor beehive stock. For keeping economic accounts of stock, a specific tool has been developed and proposed, here called the “Honey Bee Colony Inventory (HBCI)”. The HBCI can be used as either a final or preventive scheme to assess the numbers of honey bee colonies and nuclei, and the mortality rate, in order to calculate the monetary value. This tool allows the strength of honey bee colony stocks to be monitored, including fluctuations throughout the year, and will prove useful for determining solutions to maintain or increase how long stocks last. Data can be registered in countries such as Italy where the veterinary authorities request data on the stock owned and its variations. Due to widespread Varroa mite infestations, in recent years, beekeepers have experimented with a range of different biotechniques that have included queen caging as well as drone and total brood removal. To verify its effectiveness for gathering honey bee colony data, the HBCI was used in nine beekeeping farms applying different biotechniques to control Varroa mites: chemical treatment, total brood removal, queen caging and old queen replacement by royal cell insertion. The results are compared and discussed. Out of the nine farms, seven showed negative monetary value according to the HBCI, as expected, due to multiple factors such as the unfavorable climate trend of 2017 in the studied area. The positive aspect is that the application of this tool will allow farmers to monitor, manage and maintain their beehive stocks.

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46

Cheng, Kur-Ta, Borcherng Su, Chien-Tsu Chen, and Chun-Ching Lin. "RAPD Analysis of Astragalus Medicines Marketed in Taiwan." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 28, no. 02 (January 2000): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x00000325.

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The genetic variability of Astragalus medicine materials sold by twenty randomly selected stores in Taiwan was investigated using RAPD analysis in order to obtain available primers which could clearly differentiate among them. Total DNA isolated from the rhizomes of the samples were used as templates, and sixty 10 mer arbitrary primers were used in the analysis. The aim of the present study is to construct an identification model of molecular biotechniques applicable to Chinese herbal medicines in RAPD analysis. Three of the primers, OPT-03, OPT-13, and OPT-17, revealed polymorphic RAPD fingerprints among the samples of Astragalus membranaceus, and between Astragalus membranaceus and Hedysarum polybotrys samples. SSCP analysis was also conducted on PCR products from the ITS-1 region of ribosomal DNA in order to differentiate the two species.

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47

Bellon-Maurel, Véronique, Cécile Bessou, Guillaume Junqua, Laurent Lardon, Eléonore Loiseau, Catherine Macombe, Eva Risch, and Philippe Roux. "L'application de l'analyse de cycle de vie (ACV) aux systèmes biotechniques complexes : quels fronts de science ?" Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 66, no. 2 (2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re.066.0035.

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48

Brito, Adriel Behn, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes, Ana Paula Ribeiro Rodrigues, José Ricardo de Figueiredo, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues, and Regiane Rodrigues dos Santos. "Vitrification of Ovarian Tissue from Non-Human Primates." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 45, no. 1 (October 20, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.80757.

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Background: One of the strategies to preserve genetic material from nonhuman primates (NHP) consists in the implementation of germplasm banks, for future application in reproductive biotechniques, as well as for biomedical research. Based on the success rates achieved in human, there is a prominent possibility to succeed also with NHP. However, studies with NHP are still scarce, especially regarding the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue.Review: Neotropical non-human primates, especially males, have been used in research related to reproductive biotechniques in Brazil. Regarding research on female reproduction and ovarian tissue preservation, most studies were performed using domestic animals as models. Current concepts and controversies in the restoration of gametes in adult females does not exclude the needs to preserve ovarian tissue. Importantly, ovarian tissue can be collected and preserved even after the death of the donors, being applied when finding dead females. Furthermore, collection of ovarian biopsies is also feasible and will not affect reproductive function. Among the cryopreservation methods, the vitrification has been indicated due to practical logistic, as well as because it will avoid the formation of large intracellular ice crystals, and it is claimed that ovarian stromal damage will be decreased under vitrification. Considering the number of threatened primate species and the needs to preserve their habitat, but also their gametes, development of preservation protocols are needed. Among the procedures, vitrification appears as a practical method to be applied in the near future. Although a low number of studies is reported, most of them were performed in the recent years. In this context, this article reviews recent information on the vitrification of ovarian tissue of non-human primates. Due to the limited number of studies in these species, observed data are compared with the literature in domestic and human mammals.Conclusion: Despite the advances summarized here, it is possible to conclude that there is still a need to improve procedures for the preservation of genetic material, including in post-mortem situations. The technique of vitrification, therefore, consists of a feasible and promising option. However, it is needed to study properly the methods of vitrification, as well as the introduction of new systems and supplements to minimize or avoid the cell damage caused by the cryopreservation procedure (physical and chemical).

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BLESBOIS, E. "Gamètes et fécondation chez les oiseaux." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 3 (July 7, 2011): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.3.3260.

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La biologie des gamètes et de la fécondation aviaire constitue un modèle à part d’adaptation physiologique. Elle tient compte de deux facteurs fondamentaux : 1) un système ovipare qui permet d’assurer le plus d’autonomie possible aux descendants et 2) un système de fécondation interne très élaboré qui vise à sélectionner la descendance des meilleurs reproducteurs. Dans cette synthèse nous présentons brièvement la structure et la fonction des gamètes mâles et femelles, l’originalité du système de conservation et de sélection des spermatozoïdes dans un oviducte aux multiples fonctions ; les données les plus récentes sur la fécondation et sa polyspermie physiologique et finalement quelques une des applications biotechniques. D’une façon générale l’optimisation du système de reproduction aviaire a largement contribué au succès de l’élevage des volailles. Dans l’avenir il doit être pris en compte dans les enjeux de durabilité des systèmes de production animale du XXIème siècle.

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Liu, Tao, Dong Li, Hui-ping Zeng, Xiao-yan Chang, and Jie Zhang. "Microbial characteristics of a CANON reactor during the start-up period seeding conventional activated sludge." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 3 (February 1, 2013): 635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.610.

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An up-flow oxygen-controlled biofilm reactor filled with volcanic filter was used for a completely autotrophic nitrogen-removal over nitrite (CANON) process. The reactor was successfully established by seeding conventional activated sludge at ambient temperature without additional biomass inoculation. An average total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of 1.1 kg·(m3 d)−1 was achieved after 180 days' operation. The bacterial morphology, community structure and spatial distribution of nitrogen removal microorganisms were analyzed by using some molecular biotechniques. Denaturant gel gradient electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed a distinct community shift of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) during the start-up period, which was not the same as that of aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) or anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). Phylogenetic results indicated the predominance of Nitrosomonas, ‘Candidatus Brocadia fulgida’ and Nitrobacter for nitrogen removal in the system, all of which coexisted without a distinguishable niche on the biofilm.

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