Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biosynthesis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Biosynthesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Biosynthesis"

1

Nishida, Hiromi, and Makoto Nishiyama. "Evolution of Lysine Biosynthesis in the Phylum Deinococcus-Thermus." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2012 (May 8, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/745931.

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Thermus thermophilus biosynthesizes lysine through the α-aminoadipate (AAA) pathway: this observation was the first discovery of lysine biosynthesis through the AAA pathway in archaea and bacteria. Genes homologous to the T. thermophilus lysine biosynthetic genes are widely distributed in bacteria of the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum. Our phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that a common ancestor of the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum had the ancestral genes for bacterial lysine biosynthesis through the AAA pathway. In addition, our findings suggest that the ancestor lacked genes for lysine biosynthesis through the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway. Interestingly, Deinococcus proteolyticus does not have the genes for lysine biosynthesis through the AAA pathway but does have the genes for lysine biosynthesis through the DAP pathway. Phylogenetic analyses of D. proteolyticus lysine biosynthetic genes showed that the key gene cluster for the DAP pathway was transferred horizontally from a phylogenetically distant organism.
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Moore, Bradley. "Asymmetric Alkene and Arene Halofunctionalization Reactions in Meroterpenoid Biosynthesis." Synlett 29, no. 04 (September 27, 2017): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1590919.

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Meroterpenoid natural products are important bioactive molecules with broad distribution throughout nature. In Streptomyces bacteria, naphthoquinone-based meroterpenoids comprise a simple yet structurally fascinating group of natural product antibiotics that are enzymatically constructed through a series of asymmetric alkene and arene halofunctionalization reactions. This account article highlights our discovery and characterization of a group of vanadium-dependent chloroperoxidase enzymes that catalyze halogen-assisted cyclization and rearrangement reactions and have inspired biomimetic syntheses of numerous meroterpenoid natural products.1 Introduction2 Early Biosynthetic Insights and the Characterization of Alkene Halofunctionalization in Napyradiomycin Biosynthesis3 Discovery of the Merochlorin Natural Products and Enzymatic Aryl Halofunctionalization4 Discovery and Development of Unifying THN-Based Meroterpenoid Biosynthesis and Synthesis Approaches5 Insights into Naphterpin and Marinone Biosynthesis Involving Cryptic Aryl Halofunctionalization Reactions6 Closing Thoughts
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Helfrich, Eric J. N., Geng-Min Lin, Christopher A. Voigt, and Jon Clardy. "Bacterial terpene biosynthesis: challenges and opportunities for pathway engineering." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (November 29, 2019): 2889–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.283.

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Terpenoids are the largest and structurally most diverse class of natural products. They possess potent and specific biological activity in multiple assays and against diseases, including cancer and malaria as notable examples. Although the number of characterized terpenoid molecules is huge, our knowledge of how they are biosynthesized is limited, particularly when compared to the well-studied thiotemplate assembly lines. Bacteria have only recently been recognized as having the genetic potential to biosynthesize a large number of complex terpenoids, but our current ability to associate genetic potential with molecular structure is severely restricted. The canonical terpene biosynthetic pathway uses a single enzyme to form a cyclized hydrocarbon backbone followed by modifications with a suite of tailoring enzymes that can generate dozens of different products from a single backbone. This functional promiscuity of terpene biosynthetic pathways renders terpene biosynthesis susceptible to rational pathway engineering using the latest developments in the field of synthetic biology. These engineered pathways will not only facilitate the rational creation of both known and novel terpenoids, their development will deepen our understanding of a significant branch of biosynthesis. The biosynthetic insights gained will likely empower a greater degree of engineering proficiency for non-natural terpene biosynthetic pathways and pave the way towards the biotechnological production of high value terpenoids.
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Araki, Yasuko, Takayoshi Awakawa, Motomichi Matsuzaki, Rihe Cho, Yudai Matsuda, Shotaro Hoshino, Yasutomo Shinohara, et al. "Complete biosynthetic pathways of ascofuranone and ascochlorin inAcremonium egyptiacum." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 17 (April 5, 2019): 8269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1819254116.

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Ascofuranone (AF) and ascochlorin (AC) are meroterpenoids produced by various filamentous fungi, includingAcremonium egyptiacum(synonym:Acremonium sclerotigenum), and exhibit diverse physiological activities. In particular, AF is a promising drug candidate against African trypanosomiasis and a potential anticancer lead compound. These compounds are supposedly biosynthesized through farnesylation of orsellinic acid, but the details have not been established. In this study, we present all of the reactions and responsible genes for AF and AC biosyntheses inA. egyptiacum, identified by heterologous expression, in vitro reconstruction, and gene deletion experiments with the aid of a genome-wide differential expression analysis. Both pathways share the common precursor, ilicicolin A epoxide, which is processed by the membrane-bound terpene cyclase (TPC) AscF in AC biosynthesis. AF biosynthesis branches from the precursor by hydroxylation at C-16 by the P450 monooxygenase AscH, followed by cyclization by a membrane-bound TPC AscI. All genes required for AC biosynthesis (ascABCDEFG) and a transcriptional factor (ascR) form a functional gene cluster, whereas those involved in the late steps of AF biosynthesis (ascHIJ) are present in another distantly located cluster. AF is therefore a rare example of fungal secondary metabolites requiring multilocus biosynthetic clusters, which are likely to be controlled by the single regulator, AscR. Finally, we achieved the selective production of AF inA. egyptiacumby genetically blocking the AC biosynthetic pathway; further manipulation of the strain will lead to the cost-effective mass production required for the clinical use of AF.
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Pulsawat, Nattika, Shigeru Kitani, Eriko Fukushima, and Takuya Nihira. "Hierarchical control of virginiamycin production in Streptomyces virginiae by three pathway-specific regulators: VmsS, VmsT and VmsR." Microbiology 155, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 1250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.022467-0.

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Two regulatory genes encoding a Streptomyces antibiotic regulatory protein (vmsS) and a response regulator (vmsT) of a bacterial two-component signal transduction system are present in the left-hand region of the biosynthetic gene cluster of the antibiotic virginiamycin, which is composed of virginiamycin M (VM) and virginiamycin S (VS), in Streptomyces virginiae. Disruption of vmsS abolished both VM and VS biosynthesis, with drastic alteration of the transcriptional profile for virginiamycin biosynthetic genes, whereas disruption of vmsT resulted in only a loss of VM biosynthesis, suggesting that vmsS is a pathway-specific regulator for both VM and VS biosynthesis, and that vmsT is a pathway-specific regulator for VM biosynthesis alone. Gene expression profiles determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR on the virginiamycin biosynthetic gene cluster demonstrated that vmsS controls the biosynthetic genes for VM and VS, and vmsT controls unidentified gene(s) of VM biosynthesis located outside the biosynthetic gene cluster. In addition, transcriptional analysis of a deletion mutant of vmsR located in the clustered regulatory region in the virginiamycin cluster (and which also acts as a SARP-family activator for both VM and VS biosynthesis) indicated that the expression of vmsS and vmsT is under the control of vmsR, and vmsR also contributes to the expression of VM and VS biosynthetic genes, independent of vmsS and vmsT. Therefore, coordinated virginiamycin biosynthesis is controlled by three pathway-specific regulators which hierarchically control the expression of the biosynthetic gene cluster.
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Liu, Yong-Cheng, Xiao-Xi Peng, Yan-Bing Lu, Xue-Xian Wu, Lin-Wu Chen, and Hong Feng. "Genome-wide association study reveals the genes associated with the leaf inclusion contents in Chinese medical tree Eucommia ulmoides." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 85, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbaa005.

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ABSTRACT Eucommia ulmoides is an economic tree that can biosynthesize secondary metabolites with pharmacological functions. Genetic basis of biosynthesis of these compounds is almost unknown. Therefore, genomic-wide association study was performed to exploit the genetic loci maybe involved in biosynthetic pathways of 5 leaf inclusions (aucubin, chlorogenic acid, gutta-percha, polyphenols, total flavonoids). It was shown that contents of the 5 leaf metabolites have a wide variation following normal distribution. A total of 2 013 102 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were identified in a population containing 62 individual clones. Through genome-wide association study analysis, many SNP loci were identified perhaps associated with phenotypes of the leaf inclusions. Higher transcriptional levels of the candidate genes denoted by significant SNPs in leaves suggested they may be involved in biosynthesis of the leaf inclusions. These genetic loci provide with invaluable information for further studies on the gene functions in biosynthesis of the leaf inclusions and selective breeding of the plus trees.
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Sato, Hajime, Masanobu Uchiyama, Kazuki Saito, and Mami Yamazaki. "The Energetic Viability of Δ1-Piperideine Dimerization in Lysine-derived Alkaloid Biosynthesis." Metabolites 8, no. 3 (August 31, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo8030048.

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Lys-derived alkaloids widely distributed in plant kingdom have received considerable attention and have been intensively studied; however, little is known about their biosynthetic mechanisms. In terms of the skeleton formation, for example, of quinolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis, only the very first two steps have been identified and the later steps remain unknown. In addition, there is no available information on the number of enzymes and reactions required for their skeletal construction. The involvement of the Δ 1 -piperideine dimerization has been proposed for some of the Lys-derived alkaloid biosyntheses, but no enzymes for this dimerization reaction have been reported to date; moreover, it is not clear whether this dimerization reaction proceeds spontaneously or enzymatically. In this study, the energetic viability of the Δ 1 -piperideine dimerizations under neutral and acidic conditions was assessed using the density functional theory computations. In addition, a similar type of reaction in the dipiperidine indole alkaloid, nitramidine, biosynthesis was also investigated. Our findings will be useful to narrow down the candidate genes involved in the Lys-derived alkaloid biosynthesis.
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Wu, Tong, Yumei Liu, Jinsheng Liu, Zhenya Chen, and Yi-Xin Huo. "Metabolic Engineering and Regulation of Diol Biosynthesis from Renewable Biomass in Escherichia coli." Biomolecules 12, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050715.

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As bulk chemicals, diols have wide applications in many fields, such as clothing, biofuels, food, surfactant and cosmetics. The traditional chemical synthesis of diols consumes numerous non-renewable energy resources and leads to environmental pollution. Green biosynthesis has emerged as an alternative method to produce diols. Escherichia coli as an ideal microbial factory has been engineered to biosynthesize diols from carbon sources. Here, we comprehensively summarized the biosynthetic pathways of diols from renewable biomass in E. coli and discussed the metabolic-engineering strategies that could enhance the production of diols, including the optimization of biosynthetic pathways, improvement of cofactor supplementation, and reprogramming of the metabolic network. We then investigated the dynamic regulation by multiple control modules to balance the growth and production, so as to direct carbon sources for diol production. Finally, we proposed the challenges in the diol-biosynthesis process and suggested some potential methods to improve the diol-producing ability of the host.
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Pan, Guohui, Zhengren Xu, Zhikai Guo, Hindra, Ming Ma, Dong Yang, Hao Zhou, et al. "Discovery of the leinamycin family of natural products by mining actinobacterial genomes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 52 (December 11, 2017): E11131—E11140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716245115.

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Nature’s ability to generate diverse natural products from simple building blocks has inspired combinatorial biosynthesis. The knowledge-based approach to combinatorial biosynthesis has allowed the production of designer analogs by rational metabolic pathway engineering. While successful, structural alterations are limited, with designer analogs often produced in compromised titers. The discovery-based approach to combinatorial biosynthesis complements the knowledge-based approach by exploring the vast combinatorial biosynthesis repertoire found in Nature. Here we showcase the discovery-based approach to combinatorial biosynthesis by targeting the domain of unknown function and cysteine lyase domain (DUF–SH) didomain, specific for sulfur incorporation from the leinamycin (LNM) biosynthetic machinery, to discover the LNM family of natural products. By mining bacterial genomes from public databases and the actinomycetes strain collection at The Scripps Research Institute, we discovered 49 potential producers that could be grouped into 18 distinct clades based on phylogenetic analysis of the DUF–SH didomains. Further analysis of the representative genomes from each of the clades identified 28 lnm-type gene clusters. Structural diversities encoded by the LNM-type biosynthetic machineries were predicted based on bioinformatics and confirmed by in vitro characterization of selected adenylation proteins and isolation and structural elucidation of the guangnanmycins and weishanmycins. These findings demonstrate the power of the discovery-based approach to combinatorial biosynthesis for natural product discovery and structural diversity and highlight Nature’s rich biosynthetic repertoire. Comparative analysis of the LNM-type biosynthetic machineries provides outstanding opportunities to dissect Nature’s biosynthetic strategies and apply these findings to combinatorial biosynthesis for natural product discovery and structural diversity.
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Fujiwara, Kei, Taishi Tsubouchi, Tomohisa Kuzuyama, and Makoto Nishiyama. "Involvement of the arginine repressor in lysine biosynthesis of Thermus thermophilus." Microbiology 152, no. 12 (December 1, 2006): 3585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29222-0.

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Lysine biosynthesis of Thermus thermophilus proceeds in a similar way to arginine biosynthesis, and some lysine biosynthetic enzymes from T. thermophilus so far investigated have the potential to function in arginine biosynthesis. These observations suggest that arginine might regulate the expression of genes for lysine biosynthesis. To test this hypothesis, the argR gene encoding the regulator of arginine biosynthesis was cloned from T. thermophilus and its function in lysine biosynthesis was analysed. The addition of arginine to the culture medium inhibited the growth of an arginase gene knockout mutant of T. thermophilus, which presumably accumulates arginine inside the cells. Arginine-dependent growth inhibition was not alleviated by the addition of ornithine, which is a biosynthetic intermediate of arginine and serves as a peptidoglycan component of the cell wall in T. thermophilus. However, the growth inhibition was cancelled either by the simultaneous addition of lysine and ornithine or by a knockout of the argR gene, suggesting the involvement of argR in regulation of lysine biosynthesis in T. thermophilus. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting revealed that the ArgR protein specifically binds to the promoter region of the major lysine biosynthetic gene cluster. Furthermore, an α-galactosidase reporter assay for this promoter indicated that arginine repressed the promoter in an argR-dependent manner. These results indicate that lysine biosynthesis is regulated by arginine in T. thermophilus.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biosynthesis"

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Eyles, Tom. "Biosynthetic Lego : reprogramming RiPP biosynthesis." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/69571/.

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Ribosomally synthesised and post translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a diverse class of industrially-important and clinically-relevant natural products. Reprogramming the biosynthesis of RiPPs can provide an understanding of their biosynthesis, increases in their yield, and compound derivatives. In this thesis, two RiPP biosynthetic pathways are reprogrammed to achieve these aims. Bottromycin is a potent antibiotic RiPP, however it is produced in low yields by its native producer and it is rapidly hydrolysed in blood plasma. It was hypothesised that the bottromycin gene cluster could be reprogrammed to increase the production of bottromycin and to derivatise it. Synthetic biology techniques available at the start of the project were deemed inappropriate for use in reprogramming the bottromycin gene cluster as they lacked the ability to conduct refactoring, produce gene insertions/deletions, and make targeted mutations in single steps in the high-GC bottromycin gene cluster. Here, a one-step yeast-based method that enables efficient and flexible modifications to the bottromycin gene cluster is presented. Multiple modifications are showcased, including refactoring, gene deletions and targeted mutations. This facilitated the construction of an inducible, riboswitch-controlled pathway that achieved a 120-fold increase in pathway productivity in a heterologous host. Additionally, an unexpected biosynthetic bottleneck resulted in the production of a suite of new bottromycin-related metabolites. Thiostreptamide S4 is part of a family of promising antitumor RiPPs, the thioviridamide-like molecules. The gene cluster responsible for thiostreptamide S4 production has been identified, yet the biosynthesis has not been elucidated. It was hypothesised that reprogramming the thiostreptamide S4 gene cluster could provide insights into its biosynthesis. These modified clusters were constructed, and in-depth metabolomics enabled an understanding of the biosynthetic pathway. This biosynthetic understanding could pave the way for future engineering projects and allow key biosynthetic steps to be identified for use in genome mining.
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Khairudin, Khairunisa. "Biosynthetic studies and combinatorial biosynthesis of pleuromutilin antibiotics." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/46271504-0b2b-457a-92d0-073885f512cd.

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Pleuromutilin has potential as a next-generation antibiotic, and many semi-synthetic pleuromutilin derivatives have been developed. Recently, characterization of individual enzymatic steps involved in the production of pleuromutilin has been carried out. A linear pathway of pleuromutilin biosynthesis was established; however, there is a possibility of alternative or shunt pathways. Thus, the first part of this thesis aimed to investigate if any other possible routes could lead to the biosynthesis of pleuromutilin. Two alternative pathways were identified from the expression of various combinations of pleuromutilin biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus oryzae. However, neither route led to mature pleuromutilin due to the lack of activity of P450-3. It was shown that most of the tailoring enzymes except for P450- 3 exhibited a more relaxed substrate specificity as they were able to catalyze reactions in different premutilin intermediates. The structure-activity of pleuromutilin and its derivatives, including one synthesized by a semi-synthetic approach, was also investigated through antibacterial assay against Bacillus subtilis. It was observed that missing the substituents, 3-ketone, 11-OH or 14-acetyl from the pleuromutilin core affected the antibacterial activity of the pleuromutilin. Thus, it was important to retain the three side groups on the pleuromutilin core to maintain the bioactivity of the pleuromutilin, although further modification can be done on the C-14 to improve its activity. The second part of this study evaluated the potential of using the A. oryzae secondary host as a platform for further in vivo derivatization of the pleuromutilin core through the expression of foreign genes. However, no accumulation of new pleuromutilin analogs could be detected, which suggested the difficulties in achieving pleuromutilin hybrid products through combinatorial biosynthesis. Further knowledge of the interaction between enzymes and their substrates may be required to find suitable hybrid enzyme combinations that could lead to the biosynthesis of compounds with diverse chemical structures and possibly improve the antimicrobial activities.
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Walczak, Robbie J. "Analyses of antibiotic biosyntheses in Streptomyces spp. : the molecular biology of nonactin biosynthesis and the novel biochemistry of daunorubicin biosynthesis /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488205318510564.

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Gray, Jennifer A. "Biotin biosynthetic enzymes and the metabolic control of biotin biosynthesis." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1473213.

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Jackson, Catherine Mary. "Tetronasin biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303274.

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Jacobs, Adam. "Aspyrone biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241064.

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Ndiege, Isaiah Omolo. "Polyketide biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315331.

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Suzuki, Shiro. "Stereochemical diversity in lignan biosynthesis and establishment of norlignan biosynthetic pathway." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78141.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第9652号
農博第1280号
新制||農||848(附属図書館)
学位論文||H14||N3684(農学部図書室)
UT51-2002-G410
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 島田 幹夫, 教授 桒原 保正, 教授 坂田 完三
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Purvis, Michael Bernard. "Stereochemical aspects of virginiamycin biosynthesis: biosynthesis of antibiotic A33853." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54266.

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The biochemical pathways for the formation of the unusual amino acids found in virginiamycin M₁ and A33853 were investigated. Specifically tritiated and carbon 14 labeled serines were incorporated into virginiamycin M₁. (2S)-serine and (2S,3R)-[3-³H] serine were found to be precursors, thus giving evidence of stereochemical control in the formation of the oxazole moiety. This information allowed for postulation of a ring closure pathway. Stereochemical investigations were also carried out on the dehydroproline unit and it was shown that both (R) and (S) prolines were incorporated into the dehydroproline unit. (2S,3R)-[3-³H] proline was synthesized and upon incorporation lost the (3-³H) label as evidence of stereochemical control in the formation of the dehydroproline unit from a saturated precursor. The basic biosynthetic origins of A33853 were investigated by feeding of D-[U-¹⁴C] glucose, sodium [U-¹⁴C] acetate, (S)-[U-¹⁴C] lysine, (S)-[U-¹⁴C] aspartic acid, [carboxyl-¹⁴C] anthranilic acid, and (S)-[5-³H] tryptophan. D-[U-¹⁴C]. Glucose and (S)-[U-¹⁴C] lysine appeared to be the main precursors. ¹³C¹⁵N lysine was synthesized and used to examine the ring closure of the 3-hydroxypicolinic amide ring in virginiamycin S₁.
Ph. D.
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Milne, Keith Livingston. "Bacterial isoprenoid biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11172.

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This thesis describes a possible alternative isoprenoid pathway in bacteria by considering some previously unpublished feeding studies in the context of the related background literature. Three synthetic routes to 2,4-dihydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyran (63) and three synthetic strategies towards the synthesis of 2-carboxy-2,4-dihydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyran (63) are discussed. These compounds are considered as potential intermediates in the proposed alternative bacterial isoprenoid pathway. Labelled synthesis of (63) and structural analysis of (63) and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-methyltetrahydropyran (99) by proton nmr are also described. Feeding studies including the 13C isotopically labelled tetrahydropyrans (63) and (99) are described and a revised interpretation of all of the feeding studies considered. HMGCoA synthase is assayed in Rh. capsulata after a description of its assay in bakers yeast.
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Books on the topic "Biosynthesis"

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Leeper, Finian J., and John C. Vederas, eds. Biosynthesis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48146-x.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. Biosynthesis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3.

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Bu'Lock, J. D., ed. Biosynthesis. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847555786.

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Leeper, Finian J., and John C. Vederas, eds. Biosynthesis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69542-7.

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A, Smith C., and Wood Edward J. 1941-, eds. Biosynthesis. London: Chapman and Hall, 1992.

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Arnstein, H. R. V. Protein biosynthesis. [Oxford, England]: IRL Press at Oxford University Press, 1992.

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E, Esterhouse Toma, and Petrinos Lado B, eds. Protein biosynthesis. New York: Nova Science, 2008.

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Diana, Patrizia, and Girolamo Cirrincione. Biosynthesis of Heterocycles. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118960554.

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M, Jordan P., ed. Biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Volova, T. G. Hydrogen-based biosynthesis. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biosynthesis"

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Basic principles of biosynthesis." In Biosynthesis, 1–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_1.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Photosynthesis." In Biosynthesis, 28–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_2.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Carbohydrates and gluconeogenesis." In Biosynthesis, 52–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_3.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Polysaccharides." In Biosynthesis, 68–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_4.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Nitrogen fixation and incorporation of nitrogen into amino acids." In Biosynthesis, 93–113. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_5.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Amino acid interconversions." In Biosynthesis, 114–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_6.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Purines and pyrimidines." In Biosynthesis, 138–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_7.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Lipid biosynthesis." In Biosynthesis, 154–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_8.

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Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Polyisoprenoids and porphyrins." In Biosynthesis, 183–212. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_9.

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Simpson, Thomas J. "Application of Isotopic Methods to Secondary Metabolic Pathways." In Biosynthesis, 1–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69542-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biosynthesis"

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Jurenka, Russell. "Pheromone biosynthesis in moths." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111632.

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Rohova, Maryna, Vladyslav Kovalenko, Volodymyr Tkachenko, Inna Lych, and Iryna Voloshyna. "Green Biosynthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.iv.12.

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Currently there is a growing need for the development of an environmentally friendly process of synthesis of nanoparticles, during which no toxic chemicals are used. That is why an important area of research in nanotechnology sphere is the synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast (detoxification often occurs by reduction of metal ions/formation of metal sulfides). Bacteria are the organism of choice due to their fast growth, high efficiency and low cost. Metal nanoparticles exhibit antimicrobial properties, but the properties of nanoparticles depend on their size and shape, making them specific for different applications. Nevertheless, the desired size and shape of nanoparticles can be obtained by optimizing the synthesis process through manipulating their reaction conditions. Microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is an alternative to chemical and physical methods, as it is non-toxic and biocompatible. Despite the relevance of the application of the “green synthesis” method in the field of nanotechnology, biosynthesis by bacterial organisms has certain disadvantages, such as a high probability of pathogenicity, labour-intensive cultivation, and pollution problems. Ultimately, there is a need to explore more potential microorganisms for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. The paper provides a review of literature data on the biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles using lactic acid microorganisms. It was shown that bacteria are capable of synthesizing both extracellular and intracellular nanoparticles in the wavelength range of 315-392 nm. Data on the manifestation of antimicrobial properties by zinc nanoparticles against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial microorganisms and micromycetes.
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Usmanov, I. Yu, A. V. Scherbakov, V. B. Ivanov, and E. R. Yumagulova. "Fractal analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis system." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-446.

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Nassar, S., B. Liu, and L. Beerhues. "Polyketide-related biosynthesis of plant anthranoids." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399796.

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Jing Guo, Ming Tien, and Jeffrey M Catchmark. "Biosynthesis of cellulose binding domains (CBDs)." In 2009 Reno, Nevada, June 21 - June 24, 2009. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27275.

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Duperray, A., A. Troesch, R. Berthier, E. Chagnon, and G. Marguerie. "BIOSYNTHESIS AND ASSEMBLY OF PLATELET GPIIbIIIa." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643958.

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Platelet GPIIbIIIa is a calcium-dependent heterodimer which is constituted of two proteins subunits GPIIb and GPIIIa. The GPIIb is itself made of two disulfide-linked subunits IIba and IIbβ. GPIlia is a single chain protein. GPIIbIIIa serves as a receptor for fibrinogen, fibronectin and von Willebrand factor and is implicated in platelet adhesive reactions. This protein is a member of an adhesion receptor protein family for which the name “cytoadhesins” has been proposed. As a preliminary step in the study of the genetic diversity of the members of this family, we have analysed the biosynthesis and assembly of GPIIbIIIa in human megakaryocytes and in a human megakaryocytic cell line : LAMA-84. Megakaryocytes were isolated from liquid cultures of cryopreserved blood cell concentrates from patients in the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. Using these cell preparations, we have shown that the a and 3 subunits of GPIIb derive from a common precursor, the pro-GPIIb, which associated in an early step with GP IIIa. In a second set of experiments, we have analysed the expression of the GPIIbIIIa complex in LAMA-84. Only a minority of the native cells were reacting with the anti GPIIIIIa antibodies as tested by immunofluorescent labeling. In contrast, the expression of GPIIbIIIa in these cells was amplified in the presence of the phorbol ester TPA. Metabolic labeling experiments indicated that a large quantity of pro-GPIIb was synthesized in the native cells, while very little of the mature forms of GPIIb and IIIa were detected. After TPA induction, the expression of GPIIIa was greatly enhanced with a simultaneous increase in mature GPIIb. These data indicate that a deficit in GP Ilia results in the biosynthesis of a non-associated pro-GPIIb which cannot be further processed, suggesting that the GPIIIa subunit is a regulatory component in the biosynthesis of the GPIIbIIIa complex.
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Ahmad, Naheed, Md K. Alam, V. N. Singh, Salman Faraz Shamsi, and Seema Sharma. "Ocimum Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles." In 2009 Fifth International Conference on MEMS NANO, and Smart Systems. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmens.2009.28.

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Menendez Perdomo, Ivette. "Benzylisoquiline alkaloid biosynthesis in sacred lotus." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1332313.

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Hoshino, Yosuke. "Phylogenomic reconstruction of ancestral terpenoid biosynthesis." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.20289.

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Rumyantsev, S. D., S. V. Veselova, T. V. Nuzhnaya, and G. F. Burkhanova. "Role of the Stagonospora nodorum effector SnTox3 in regulation of cytokinins synthesis and metabolism in infected wheat plants." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.209.

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The effect of the Stagonospora nodorum effector SnTox3 on the biosynthesis and metabolism of cytokinins of host plant was studied. The SnTox3 effector influenced the biosynthesis of cytokinins along an ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent pathway.
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Reports on the topic "Biosynthesis"

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Kelly, Karen, and Rene Jacobs. Phospholipid Biosynthesis. AOCS, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.39191.

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Parry, Ronald J. Investigations of Thaxtomin Biosynthesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418760.

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Cramer, Randall J. Biosynthesis of Energetic Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419511.

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McCarthy, James B. Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443676.

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McCarthy, James B. Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427815.

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Lamb, C. J. Biosynthesis of plant plasmamembrane polypeptides. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5688524.

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McCarthy, James B. Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415957.

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McCarthy, James B. Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada470599.

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Hawkins, D. R. Triterpenoid biosynthesis in Euphorbia lathyris latex. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5625757.

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Benning, Christoph. Regulation of Oil Biosynthesis in Algae. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567212.

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