Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biostratigraphic constraint

Academic literature on the topic 'Biostratigraphic constraint'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Biostratigraphic constraint"

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Wang, Yaquiong, Jingeng Sha, Yanhong Pan, and Xiaolin Zhang. "Early Cretaceous nonmarine ostracod biostratigraphy of western Liaoning area, NE China." Micropaleontology 61, no. 1-2 (2015): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.61.1.10.

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The Early Cretaceous ostracod fauna in western Liaoning is divided into eight successive ostracod assemblages. These assemblages have provided information about age constraint of relevant nonmarine Early Cretaceous strata: Yixian Formation – Hauterivian to Barremian, probably up to Aptian; Jiufotang Formation – Barremian to Aptian; Fuxin Formation – Aptian; Sunjiawan Formation – Albian. According to the revised age for the upper part of the Yixian Formation in the Kazuo – Chaoyang Basin, which is Hauterivian – Barremian, Ziziphocypris linchengensis is the earliest record of the genus Ziziphocypris. This work demonstrates that the supra-regionally distributed ostracod species, including species of Cypridea, are useful for biostratigraphic correlation and age determination of lacustrine deposits. In contrast, the endemic Cypridea species are helpful for regional biostratigraphic correlation of scattered basins within western Liaoning.
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Over, D. Jeffrey. "Conodont biostratigraphy of the Chattanooga Shale, Middle and Upper Devonian, southern Appalachian basin, eastern United States." Journal of Paleontology 81, no. 6 (November 2007): 1194–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-056r.1.

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The Chattanooga Shale of the southern Appalachian Basin contains a diverse conodont fauna of the high Givetian, Frasnian, and Famennian. The predominantly fine-grained strata were deposited in an offshore setting where depositional packages are separated by unconformities. Conodonts allow regional and global correlation of these strata, recognition of the Frasnian-Famennian boundary, and narrow biostratigraphic constraint of two Frasnian ash beds, MN Zone 8 for the Belpre Ash and upper MN Zone 13 for the Center Hill Ash. Three new Frasnian palmatolepid conodonts are described in open nomenclature, and the holotype ofPalmatolepis regularisCooper is reillustrated.
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Ritter, Scott M. "Improved conodont biostratigraphic constraint of the Carboniferous/Permian boundary in south-central New Mexico, USA." Stratigraphy 17, no. 1 (2020): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.17.1.39-56.

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Fang, Peiyue, Bo Xu, Brian T. Huber, Shijia Liu, Youhua Zhu, and Hui Luo. "Late Campanian to early Maastrichtian planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from Cretaceous oceanic red beds (CORBs) in the Yongla section, Gyangze, southern Tibet." Micropaleontology 66, no. 2 (2020): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.66.2.01.

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Well-preserved and abundant planktonic foraminifera have been recovered from limestones of the Cretaceous oceanic red beds (CORBs) from the Yongla section in Gyangze, southern Tibet. This foraminiferal assemblage is dominated by species of Contusotruncana, Globotruncana, and Globotruncanita. The assemblage contains 21 species belonging to 7 genera and suggests a late Campanian to early Maastrichtian age, which permits amore precise age constraint for CORBs in the Gyangze area. This planktonic assemblage provides an important biostratigraphic datum for the correlations of theCORBs in theHimalayan region of the northern Tethys. The interval yielding foraminifers in the Yongla section may be the youngest known CORB in the Gyangze area.
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Wang, Yuan, Jianghai Yang, Dong-Xun Yuan, Jia Liu, and Rui Ma. "Conodont Biostratigraphic Constraint on the Lower Taiyuan Formation in Southern North China and Its Paleogeographic Implications." Journal of Earth Science 33, no. 6 (December 2022): 1480–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1526-8.

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Schofield, David I., John W. F. Waldron, Chris E. White, and Sandra M. Barr. "Discussion of the reply by R.L. Romer and U. Kroner on “Geochemical signature of Ordovician Mn-rich sedimentary rocks on the Avalonian shelf” 1Appears in Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 49(6): 775–780, 10.1139/e2012-006." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, no. 11 (November 2012): 1372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e2012-049.

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In their article ‘Reply to the discussion by J.W.F. Waldron and C.E. White on “Geochemical signature of Ordovician Mn-rich sedimentary rocks on the Avalonian shelf”’, R.L. Romer and U. Kroner reinterpret geochronological data presented by J.W.F. Waldron, D.I. Schofield, C.E. White, and S.M. Barr to imply an Ordovician, not a Cambrian, depositional age for the succession of the Harlech Dome, North Wales, and Meguma Supergroup, Nova Scotia. However, an extensive history of biostratigraphic and geological survey data refutes this interpretation and shows that the rocks are unequivocally Cambrian. Waldron et al. used the U–Pb zircon laser-ablation – multicollector – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry technique primarily to provide information on sediment provenance and not depositional age. Investigation of anomalously young 206Pb/238U ages showed evidence of Pb loss. These data provide little constraint on depositional age and cannot be used to infer that the Harlech Grits Group is Ordovician.
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Jaff, Rawand B. N., Mark Williams, Ian P. Wilkinson, Fadhil Lawa, Sarah Lee, and Jan Zalasiewicz. "A refined foraminiferal biostratigraphy for the Late Campanian–Early Maastrichtian succession of northeast Iraq." GeoArabia 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1901161.

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ABSTRACT Species of the benthonic foraminiferal genus Bolivinoides provide a refined biostratigraphic biozonation for the Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) Shiranish Formation in NE Iraq. Three biozones and two subzones are identified: the Bolivinoides decoratus Biozone (Late Campanian) subdivided into a lower B. decoratus Subzone and upper B. laevigatus Subzone; the B. miliaris Biozone (Earliest Maastrichtian); and the B. draco Biozone (late Early Maastrichtian). These zones can be related to the biostratigraphical interval of the Globotruncana aegyptiaca (Late Campanian), Gansserina gansseri (latest Campanian–Early Maastrichtian) and Contusotruncana contusa (late Early Maastrichtian) planktonic foraminiferal biozones. Combined, the benthonic and planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy enables the informal recognition of lower and upper intervals within both the Globotruncana aegyptiaca and Gansserina gansseri biozones that may be important for more refined inter-regional correlation in the Middle East and North Africa. The new Bolivinoides biozonation precisely locates the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary in NE Iraq. The foraminiferal assemblages also constrain the timing of a shallowing marine trend in the Shiranish Formation beginning from the latest Campanian that is consistent with shallowing facies noted globally at this time.
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Zhong, Yuting, Roland Mundil, Jun Chen, Dongxun Yuan, Steven W. Denyszyn, Adam B. Jost, Jonathan L. Payne, Bin He, Shuzhong Shen, and Yigang Xu. "Geochemical, biostratigraphic, and high-resolution geochronological constraints on the waning stage of Emeishan Large Igneous Province." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 9-10 (February 3, 2020): 1969–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35464.1.

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Abstract The initiation and peak magmatic periods of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (LIP) are well constrained by both biostratigraphic and radioisotopic dating methods; however, the age of cessation of volcanism is poorly constrained and continues to be debated. Marine carbonates interbedded with volcanic ashes across the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (GLB) are widespread in south China, and these ashes provide an opportunity to study its timing, origin, and potential relationship with the Emeishan LIP. Here we present biostratigraphic constraints, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, and high-resolution geochronology of ash layers from the Maoershan and Chaotian sections. Stratigraphic correlation, especially conodont biostratigraphy, confines these ashes to the early Wuchiapingian. Those altered ashes are geochemically akin to alkali tonsteins from the coal seams of the lower Xuanwei/Lungtan Formation in southwest China. The ashes postdating the GLB yield a coherent cluster of zircon U-Pb ages with weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 258.82 ± 0.61 Ma to 257.39 ± 0.68 Ma, in agreement with the ages of intrusive rocks (259.6 ± 0.5 Ma to 257.6 ± 0.5 Ma) in the central Emeishan LIP. Moreover, the ɛHf(t) values of zircons from the ashes vary from +2.5 to +10.6, a range consistent with that of the Emeishan LIP. The results collectively suggest that the early Wuchiapingian volcanic ashes are a product of extrusive alkaline magmatism and most likely mark the waning stage of the Emeishan volcanism, which may have continued until ca. 257.4 Ma in the early Wuchiapingian.
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Crippa, Gaia, Michele Azzarone, Cinzia Bottini, Stefania Crespi, Fabrizio Felletti, Mattia Marini, Maria Rose Petrizzo, Daniele Scarponi, Sergio Raffi, and Gianluca Raineri. "Bio- and lithostratigraphy of lower Pleistocene marine successions in western Emilia (Italy) and their implications for the first occurrence of Arctica islandica in the Mediterranean Sea." Quaternary Research 92, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2019.20.

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AbstractThe Arda and Stirone marine successions (Italy) represent key sections for the early Pleistocene; they were deposited continuously within a frame of climate change, recording the Calabrian cooling as testified by the occurrence of the “northern guests,” such as the bivalve Arctica islandica. In addition, although the first occurrence of A. islandica in the Mediterranean Sea was used as the main criterion to mark the former Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, the age of this bioevent was never well constrained. Here, we describe the Stirone depositional environment and constrain for the first time the section age using calcareous nannofossil and foraminifera biostratigraphy. We also correlate the Arda and Stirone sections using complementary biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data. Our results indicate that A. islandica first occurred in both the successions slightly below the top of the CNPL7 biozone (dated at 1.71 Ma). Comparisons with other lower Pleistocene Mediterranean marine successions indicate that the stratigraphically lowest level where A. islandica first occurred in the Mediterranean Sea is in the Arda and Stirone sections; these environments satisfied the ecological requirements for the establishment and the proliferation of the species, which only subsequently (late Calabrian) has been retrieved in southern Italy and other areas of the Mediterranean Sea.
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De Lira Mota, Marcelo Augusto, Guy Harrington, and Tom Dunkley Jones. "Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Yazoo Formation, US Gulf Coast." Journal of Micropalaeontology 39, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jm-39-1-2020.

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Abstract. New data from a continuously cored succession, the Mossy Grove core, near Jackson, central Mississippi, recovered ∼137 m of marine clays (Yazoo Formation), spanning ∼5 Ma and including the critical Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) event. These clay-rich sediments yield well-preserved calcareous microfossil and palynomorph assemblages. Here, we present a new organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) biostratigraphic framework, including the recognition of 23 dinocyst bioevents. These are integrated with new age constraints based on calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and a reassessment of the existing radiometric dates and planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, permitting the establishment of a robust and significantly refined age model for the core. According to this new age model, a major increase in sedimentation rate – from ∼2.1 to ∼4.7 cm kyr−1 – is observed at a core depth of ∼89.1 m (∼34.4 Ma). In the new age model the section is significantly older than previously thought, by up to 1 Ma, with the Eocene-Oligocene boundary (∼33.89 Ma) placed ∼34 m below the level previously identified. With these more accurate age estimates, future isotopic and palaeoecological work on this core can be more precisely integrated with other, globally distributed records of the EOT.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biostratigraphic constraint"

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VISENTIN, STEFANO. "CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND TAXONOMY ACROSS THE EARLY TOARCIAN OCEANIC ANOXIC EVENT: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TETHYAN AND BOREAL SECTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/701592.

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Riassunto L’Evento Anossico Oceanico del Toarciano Inferiore (T-OAE) è stato associato ad una delle maggiori perturbazioni del ciclo del carbonio degli ultimi 250 Ma. Questo drammatico episodio di alterazione climatica e riscaldamento globale, anossia oceanica ed anomalie geochimiche è avvenuto durante un momento cruciale per la diversificazione del nannoplancton calcareo dal momento che un importante episodio di speciazione si è verificato nell’intervallo Pliensbachiano Superiore-Toarciano Inferiore. Nuovi generi e specie sono apparsi e si sono evoluti velocemente permettendo lo sviluppo di una biostratigrafia ad alta risoluzione per questo intervallo di tempo e anche del T-OAE sulla base delle prime ed ultime comparse. Inoltre, all’interno dei nannofossili calcarei, drastiche variazioni nelle abbondanze di alcuni taxa sono associate alle perturbazioni registrate durante il T-OAE. In questa tesi di dottorato viene presentata la biostratigrafia a nannofossili calcarei ad alta risoluzione di tre sezioni carotate nel Bacino Lombardo (Carota Sogno) e nel Bacino della Bassa Sassonia (Carote L1 e Schandelah), contenenti l’espressione litologica del T-OAE nei domini, rispettivamente, Tetideo e Boreale. Gli eventi a nannofossili riconosciuti nella Carota Sogno hanno permesso la distinzione di tre biozone/sottozone (NJT5a, NJT5b e NJT6) mentre quelli riconosciuti nelle Carote L1 e Schandelah hanno permesso l’identificazione di tre zone/sottozone (NJ5b, NJ6 e NJ7). Questi risultati sono stati confrontati con i dati di letteratura in modo da valutare la riproducibilità dei singoli eventi primari e secondari caratterizzanti l’intervallo del Pliensbachiano Superiore/Toarciano Inferiore con particolare interesse rivolto al limite Pliensbachiano/Toarciano ed al T-OAE nei domini Tetideo e Boreale. Per le sezioni Tetidee (Italia, Spagna del sud e dell’est, Francia del sud, Grecia ed Ungheria) gli eventi primari includono le prime comparse di Lotharingius sigillatus, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Lotharingius crucicentralis, Carinolithus superbus sceptrum, Watznaueria sp. 1, Discorhabdus striatus, la crisi di Schizosphaerella ed ultima comparsa di Mitrolithus jansae mentre le prime comparse di Lotharingius velatus e Discorhabdus ignotus sono considerate come eventi secondari. Allo stesso modo, per il dominio Boreale (Francia centrale e del nord, Inghilterra e Germania), sulla base della mia analisi critica si propone la separazione di eventi primari, comprendenti le prime comparse di Crepidolithus impontus, L. sigillatus, C. superbus sceptrum, D. striatus e le ultime comparse di Crucirhabdus primulus e Biscutum finchii e di eventi secondari, che includono le prime comparse di L. crucicentralis, L. velatus, D. ignotus, C. poulnabronei, Watznaueria sp. 1, la crisi di Schizosphaerella ed ultime comparse di Crepidolithus granulatus, Parhabdolithus liasicus e Biscutum grandis. Il mio studio ha rivelato che la prima comparsa di C. superbus sceptrum è l’unico evento riproducibile a scale sopraregionale e ha confermato che il limite Pliensbachiano/Toarciano è approssimato dalle prime comparse di L. sigillatus (top Pliensbachiano) e C. poulnabronei (Toarciano basale) nel dominio Tetideo mentre è identificato dall’ultima comparsa di C. primulus nel Boreale. Alle basse latitudini (Italia, Spagna del sud e dell’est, Francia del sud, Grecia ed Ungheria), il T-OAE è ben definito dalla prima comparsa di C. superbus sceptrum e dalla crisi di Schizosphaerella all’inizio e dall’ultima comparsa di M. jansae alla fine. Questi eventi sono riproducibili in Portogallo, con l’aggiunta della prima comparsa comune di D. ignotus determinante la fine dell’evento. Alle alte altitudini (Francia centrale e del nord, Spagna del nord, Inghilterra e Germania) l’inizio del T-OAE è definito dalla prima comparsa di C. superbus sceptrum. Eventi secondari, non riproducibili in Spagna del nord, sono la crisi di Schizosphaerella all’inizio del T-OAE e le ultime comparse di C. granulatus, B. finchii, P. liasicus e B. grandis all’interno dell’escursione negativa del carbonio caratterizzante il T-OAE. Sono state inoltre condotte analisi morfometriche su esemplari di Carinolithus superbus e Carinolithus magharensis che hanno permesso di chiarire le discrepanze tassonomiche riguardanti i due taxa. Due nuove sottospecie, Carinolithus superbus sceptrum e Carinolithus superbus superbus ed una nuova specie, Carinolithus premaghaarensis, sono state istituite mentre la specie C. magharensis è stata emendata. Studi qualitativi effettuati su foto al microscopio ottico del taxon Carinolithus cantaluppii hanno dimostrato che si tratta di un artefatto diagenetico del genere e che, quindi, questa specie deve essere rigettata. Implicazioni per la biostratigrafia ed i trend evolutivi del genere Carinolithus rappresentano un ulteriore oggetto di discussione.
Abstract The Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE), in the Early Jurassic Period, was associated with one of the largest perturbations of the carbon cycle in the past 250 Ma. This dramatic episode of ecosystem adjustments, global warming, oceanic anoxia and altered chemistry occurred during a crucial time for calcareous nannoplankton diversification as a major speciation episode took place in the Late Pliensbachian – Early Toarcian time interval. New genera and species appeared and quickly evolved allowing a high-resolution biostratigraphy of the onset and the termination of the T-OAE based on first and last occurrences. Moreover, drastic drops in abundance of some taxa are associated to the paleoenvironmental perturbations recorded across the T-OAE. In this PhD thesis I present a high-resolution calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of three cores drilled in the Lombardy Basin (Sogno Core) and in the Lower Saxony Basin (L1 and Schandelah Cores), covering the lithological expression of the T-OAE in the Tethyan and Boreal realms. Events recognized across the Sogno Core allow the detection of three biozones (NJT5a, NJT5b and NJT6) whereas those recognized in the L1 and Schandelah Cores result in the identification of three zone/subzones (NJ5b, NJ6 and NJ7). These results are integrated with data from literature in order to derive a solid framework of primary and secondary events characterizing the upper Pliensbachian/lower Toarcian interval with a special focus on the Pliensbachian/Toarcian boundary and the characterization of the T-OAE in the Tethyan and Boreal realms. For the Tethyan sections (Italy, South-East Spain, South France, Greece and Hungary) the primary events include the FOs of Lotharingius sigillatus, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Lotharingius crucicentralis, Carinolithus superbus sceptrum, Watznaueria sp. 1, Discorhabdus striatus, Schizosphaerella crisis and LO of Mitrolithus jansae while the FOs of Lotharingius velatus and Discorhabdus ignotus are considered within the secondary ones. Likewise, for the Boreal Realm (sections in Central-North France, England and Germany), my synthesis resulted in the separation of primary events including the FOs of Crepidolithus impontus, L. sigillatus, C. superbus sceptrum, D. striatus and LOs of Crucirhabdus primulus and Biscutum finchii from the secondary ones comprising the FOs of L. crucicentralis, L. velatus, D. ignotus, C. poulnabronei, Watznaueria sp. 1, Schizosphaerella crisis and LOs of Crepidolithus granulatus, Parhabdolithus liasicus and Biscutum grandis. My study revealed that the FO of C. superbus sceptrum is the only event reproducible at a supraregional level and confirmed that the Pliensbachian/Toarcian boundary is approximated by the FOs of L. sigillatus (slightly below) and C. poulnabronei (slightly above) in the Tethyan Realm and by the LO of C. primulus in the Boreal. At lower latitudes (sections in Italy, South-East Spain, South France, Greece and Hungary), my study revealed that the T-OAE is well constrained by the FOs of C. superbus sceptrum and the “Schizosphaerella crisis” at the onset and by the LO of M. jansae at its termination. These events are reproducible in Portugal, with the addition of the FCO of D. ignotus marking the termination of the event. At higher latitudes (sections in Central-North France, North Spain, England and Germany) my study confirms that the onset of the T-OAE is constrained by the FO of C. superbus sceptrum. Secondary events, not reproducible in North Spain, are the “Schizosphaerella crisis” at the onset of the T-OAE and the LOs of C. granulatus, B. finchii, P. liasicus and B. grandis within the carbon isotope excursion characterizing the T-OAE. Morphometric analyses conducted on Carinolithus superbus and Carinolithus magharensis specimens allow to clarify taxonomic discrepancies regarding the two taxa. Qualitative investigations performed on Carinolithus cantaluppii revealed that this taxon is a diagenetic artefact of the genus and, therefore, that this species must be rejected. Implications for biostratigraphy and evolutionary trends are discussed.
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Garrett, Edmund. "Biostratigraphic constraints on megathrust earthquake deformation history in south central Chile." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6972/.

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A lack of comprehensive understanding of the seismic hazards associated with a subduction zone can lead to inadequate anticipation of earthquakes and tsunami magnitudes. Four hundred and fifty years of Chilean historical documents record the effects of numerous great earthquakes; however, with recurrence intervals between the largest megathrust earthquakes approaching 300 years, seismic hazard assessment requires longer chronologies. This thesis seeks to verify and extend historical records in south central Chile using a relative sea-level approach to palaeoseismology, developed in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest. Quantitative, diatom-based approaches to relative sea-level reconstruction are successful in reconstructing the magnitude of coseismic deformation during recent, well documented Chilean earthquakes. Disparities between my estimates and independent data highlight the possibility of shaking-induced sediment consolidation of tidal marshes. Following this encouraging confirmation of the approach, I quantify land-level changes in longer sedimentary records from the centre of the 1960 rupture zone. Here, laterally extensive marsh soils abruptly overlain by low intertidal sediments attest to the occurrence of four megathrust earthquakes. Field sites preserve evidence of the 1960 and 1575 earthquakes and Bayesian age-depth modelling constrains the timing of two predecessors to 1270 to 1410 and 1050 to 1200. The sediments and biostratigraphy lack evidence for the historically documented 1737 and 1837 earthquakes. The distribution of documented effects of these ruptures and the new palaeoseismic data presented in this thesis suggests these earthquakes were smaller in magnitude and located in the southern portion of the 1960 rupture segment, as other authors have previously inferred. Coastal sediments record relative sea-level changes reflecting both the earthquake deformation cycle and non-seismic processes. The 1000 year record of net relative sea-level rise implied by the new records presented here differs from the mid to late Holocene relative sea-level fall inferred from previous field studies and modelling approaches.
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Morse, Trevor John. "Biostratigraphical constraints (calcareous nannofossils) on the Late Cretaceous to Late Miocene evolution of S.W. Cyprus." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1565/.

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Ziabrev, Sergey. "Tectonic evolution of Dazhuqu and Bainang terranes, Yarlung Zangbo suture, Tibet as constrained by radiolarian biostratigraphy." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24729760.

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Irwin, Steven Edward Bruce. "Late Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of the Earn Group with age constraints for stratiform mineral deposits, Selwyn and Kechika Basins, Northern British Columbia and Yukon." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28944.

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Devonian and Early Carboniferous marine clastic rocks of the Earn Group host several economically important stratiform massive sulphide and bedded barite deposits. Due to the chaotic sedimentation, considerable regional metamorphic overprint and, relative inaccessibility, little was known about the stratigraphy, the Late Devonian conodont fauna, or the age of the stratiform mineral deposits within the Earn Group. Conodont microfossils, however, are an excellent fauna for an Earn Group biostratigraphy program because of their ability to withstand both temperatures in excess of 400° C, and significant physical stress. With standard laboratory techniques conodonts were readily extracted from fine grain calcareous elastics and carbonate lenses within the Earn Group. The conodonts are described from three specific areas where the Earn Group is known to host stratiform barite and barite-lead-zinc mineral deposits: Macmillan Pass, Midway, and Gataga. As the majority of conodonts were diverse and well preserved platform elements of the genus Palmatolepis, the taxonomic studies focused on this genus; other genera including Ancyrodella, Icriodus, Klapperina, Mesotaxis, and Polygnathus were examined as part of the biostratigraphic/taxonomic studies. Previous to this study the widespread stratiform mineralization was dated as only Late Devonian. The conodont taxonomy and biostratigraphy in the Earn Group provide age constraints for duration and formation of the stratiform mineralization. The ability to tightly constrain the age of the stratiform mineralization adds to the knowledge of Earn Group deposition, the paleogeography of the Selwyn and Kechika Basins, and has implications for stratiform mineral exploration strategies in the Earn Group. On the basis of conodont faunal ages barite mineralization at MACMILLAN PASS apparently occurs as three different levels: 1) CATHY property - Eifelian to early Frasnian; 2) PETE, JEFF, GARY, and GHMS properties - middle to late Frasnian; 3) TEA property -Early Carboniferous. In addition, barite-lead-zinc mineralization at TOM and JASON properties likely occurs during middle to late Frasnian. In the GATAGA area barite and barite-lead-zinc mineralization have been recognized at several temporally distinct levels in the early to middle Famennian: 1) Lower rhomboidea Zone; 2) Lower marginifera Zone; 3) Upper marginifera Zone. Several other mineralized horizons are loosely constrained within the same interval. Within the MIDWAY area the stratiform barite mineralization at the EWEN and PERRY properties is of Early Carboniferous, Tournaisian age, and correlates broadly with the TEA barite in the Macmillan Pass area. In summary, events that produced stratiform barite-lead-zinc and barite mineralization in the Selwyn and Kechika Basins were not coeval. The Late Givetian and early Frasnian barite mineralization took place in the Macmillan Pass and southernmost Gataga areas. During the middle Frasnian barite and barite-lead zinc mineralization events occurred at Macmillan Pass. Several episodes of barite and/or barite-lead-zinc mineralization occurred in the Gataga area during the middle Famennian. The youngest barite mineralization events in the Earn Group took place in the Early Carboniferous, Tournaisian time at Macmillan Pass and Midway.
Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
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Book chapters on the topic "Biostratigraphic constraint"

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Armentrout, John M. "Paleontologic Constraints on Depositional Modeling: Examples of Integration of Biostratigraphy and Seismic Stratigraphy, Pliocene-Pleistocene, Gulf of Mexico." In Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology, 137–70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8276-8_7.

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Sturmer, Daniel M., Patricia H. Cashman, Simon R. Poulson, and James H. Trexler. "Evolution of the Pennsylvanian Ely–Bird Spring Basin: Insights from Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy." In Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic Tectonostratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Western Pangea, 127–48. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.113.04.

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Analysis and correlation of strata in ancient basins are commonly difficult due to a lack of high-resolution age control. This study tackled this problem for the latest Mississippian to middle Pennsylvanian Ely–Bird Spring basin. Here, 1095 new carbon isotope analyses combined with existing biostratigraphy at six sections throughout the basin constrain changes in relative sediment accumulation rates in time and space. The Ely–Bird Spring basin contains dominantly shallow-water carbonates exposed in eastern and southern Nevada, western Utah, and southeastern California. It formed as part of the complex late Paleozoic southwestern Laurentian plate margin. However, the detailed evolution of the basin, and hence the tectonic driver(s) of deformation, is poorly understood. The combined isotopic and biostratigraphic data were correlated using the Match-2.3 dynamic programming algorithm. The correlations show a complex picture of sediment accumulation throughout the life of the Ely–Bird Spring basin. Initially, the most rapid sediment accumulation was in the eastern part of the basin. Throughout Morrowan time, the most rapid sediment accumulation migrated to the northwestern part of the basin, culminating in a peak of sediment accumulation in Atokan time. This peak records tectonic loading at the north or northwest margin of the basin. Basin sedimentation was interrupted by early Desmoinesian time in the north by formation of northwest-directed thrust faults, folds, uplift, and an associated unconformity. Deposition continued in the south with a correlative conformity and increased clastic input. The combination of isotopic and biostratigraphic data for correlation is therefore a valuable tool for elucidating temporal basin evolution and can be readily applied to tectonically complex carbonate basins worldwide.
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Cohen, Andrew S. "Age Determination in Lake Deposits." In Paleolimnology. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133530.003.0010.

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It is almost impossible to overemphasize the importance of good chronological control to paleolimnology. Age control allows us to determine rates of processes and fluxes of materials, and to test hypotheses of linkage between archives and hypothesized external controls of those archives. Geologists differentiate between relative age versus absolute dating methods. Relative age determinations are based on the concepts of superposition (older sediments are on the bottom, in the absence of tectonic disturbance) and lithological correlation. In contrast, absolute dating methods are done without necessary reference to other analyses or locations, to produce an age determination (i.e., 100,000 yr before present). Some methods, such as paleomagnetics, amino acid racemization, and biostratigraphy, lie in a gray area between these two, providing absolute dates or age ranges in certain circumstances and relative age constraints in others. In this book, I will refer to the general study of both relative and absolute age determination as geochronology, and use the term geochronometry to refer to absolute dating. Lithological correlation involves matching similar lithologies between outcrop or core localities, allowing a network of age relationships to be established between various sites. This can be done at any scale, from within a lake to intercontinental, although lithostratigraphical correlations based on core or outcrop observations are most commonly useful only at a local, intrabasinal level. Correlation within basins is often achieved using reflection seismic stratigraphy. Depositional or unconformity surfaces can normally be recognized on seismic lines that extend over the scale of individual sub-basins to entire lakes (Nelson et al., 1994; Lezzar et al., 1996; Van Rensbergen et al., 1998). When dated cores are obtained or outcrops studied along these seismic lines, a correlation network can be established, with probable ages attached to specific seismic horizons. Intrabasinal correlation can also be done by correlating distinctive patterns of change in features such as magnetic intensity, patterns of stable isotopic change in sediments, or biostratigraphical markers, that may be consistent across a lake basin. Sometimes, relative correlations can be made between lakes.
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Whitmore, Ross J., Patricia H. Cashman, and Daniel M. Sturmer. "Structures at Buck Mountain, Nevada: Establishing the Southeastern Extent of Mid-Pennsylvanian Tectonism." In Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic Tectonostratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Western Pangea, 102–13. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.113.06.

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This paper reports the structural and stratigraphic history of Buck Mountain, Nevada, and its regional significance in the development of southwestern Laurentia during the late Paleozoic. The two distinct generations of folding have similar style and/or timing to other fold sets in late Paleozoic strata of northern Nevada. Unconformities in the upper Paleozoic strata at Buck Mountain are consistent with unconformities documented in northern and east-central Nevada. Northwest-vergent folds (F1) in the Morrowan–Atokan Ely Limestone are erosionally truncated and unconformably overlain by the middle Desmoinesian Hogan Formation and middle Wolfcampian (Sakmarian) Upper Strathearn Formation. This upper Paleozoic stratigraphic package was subsequently refolded by the Buck Mountain Syncline and associated mesoscale folds (F2). F2 folds lack tight age control but are interpreted to be associated with the Cretaceous central Nevada thrust belt. Critically, none of these structures are localized above or below low-angle faults. The unconformity between the Ely and Hogan formations is consistent with the C5 regional unconformity. Importantly, it constrains the age of northwest-vergent deformation on Buck Mountain. West-vergent folds and west-directed thrusts are documented at several locations in northern and east-central Nevada, but because of the dominance of the C6 unconformity and/or lack of robust age control, the age of these structures has not been tightly constrained. The evidence at Buck Mountain indicates that west-vergent structures predate the C5 unconformity. Buck Mountain is important because it: (1) precisely brackets the age of west-vergent deformation in Nevada to pre–mid-Desmoinesian (sub C5-unconformity) and (2) defines a southeastern edge to the late Paleozoic west-vergent deformation in northern and east-central Nevada.
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Coccioni, Rodolfo, Alessandro Montanari, Samuele Bosch, Rita Catanzariti, Fabrizio Frontalini, Luigi Jovane, Marcus Vinicius Lermen Kochhann, et al. "Integrated stratigraphy of the Lutetian–Priabonian pelagic section at Bottaccione (Gubbio, central Italy): A proposal for defining and positioning the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Bartonian Stage (Paleogene System, Eocene Series)." In From the Guajira Desert to the Apennines, and from Mediterranean Microplates to the Mexican Killer Asteroid: Honoring the Career of Walter Alvarez. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.2557(16).

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ABSTRACT At present, the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Bartonian remains the only GSSP of the Paleogene System to be defined by the International Subcommission on Paleogene Stratigraphy (ISPS) and the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). Here, we present the results of an integrated, high-resolution study of calcareous plankton and benthic foraminifera biostratigraphy and a detailed magneto-, chemo-, and cyclostratigraphic analyses carried out through the upper Lutetian to the upper Priabonian pelagic sediments of the Bottaccione Gorge section near Gubbio, central Italy, to check its stratigraphic completeness and constrain in time the optimal interval for defining and positioning the GSSP for the base of the Bartonian Stage. The high-resolution and solid integrated stratigraphic framework established at Bottaccione confirmed the completeness of the section, which meets the ICS recommendations for a potential designation as a GSSP for the base of the Bartonian Stage. Thus, the Bottaccione section was compared with the parastratotype section of the Bartonian in its type area, Alum Bay, UK. On this basis, two reliable criteria for defining and positioning the Bartonian GSSP at Bottaccione are provided: (1) the base of magnetic polarity chronozone C18r as the primary correlation criterion and (2) the base of the calcareous nannofossil Dictyococcites bisectus, which defines the CNE14/CNE15 zonal boundary as a secondary correlation criterion.
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Hersi, Osman Salad. "Biostratigraphic Constraints on Chronostratigraphic Intraformational Relationships within the Lower–Middle Ordovician Beekmantown Group, Laurentian MarginEastern Ontario and Southwestern Quebec, Canada." In Great American Carbonate BankThe Geology and Economic Resources of the Cambrian—Ordovician Sauk Megasequence of Laurentia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/13331507m983506.

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Graham, John P. "Autochthonous Middle Devonian–Lower Mississippian strata in the southern Hot Creek Range, Nye County, Nevada: Constraints on the placement of the Roberts Mountains thrust." In Paleozoic Sequence Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, and Biogeography: Studies in Honor of J. Granville ("Jess") Johnson. Geological Society of America, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2321-3.263.

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Dickerson, Patricia W., Blaine R. Hall, Daniel F. Stockli, Lisa D. Stockli, Richard E. Hanson, C. Mark Fanning, and Paul O’Sullivan. "Pre-Pangean evolution of central southern Laurentia: Insights from zircon U/Pb geochronology, Marathon-Solitario fold-and-thrust belt, west Texas." In Laurentia: Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.1220(20).

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ABSTRACT Upper Cambrian through Middle Ordovician sedimentary strata of the Marathon/Solitario Basin (west Texas), which were folded and thrust-faulted during late Paleozoic Appalachian-Ouachita orogenesis, preserve evidence of the pre-Pangean history of the central southern Laurentian margin. New detrital zircon analyses reported here are from three Marathon Basin/Solitario formations: the upper Cambrian Dagger Flat Sandstone; the Lower Ordovician Marathon Formation, including the Rodrigues Tank Sandstone Member; and the Middle Ordovician Ft. Peña Formation. The far-southwestern outcrops of those Iapetus margin strata are within the Solitario dome (Presidio and Brewster Counties, Texas). Solitario zircon U/Pb geochronological results (laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry [LA-ICP-MS], sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe [SHRIMP]) expand the record of Cryogenian rifting as the Cuyania terrane separated from Laurentia. We evaluated these new data along with earlier geochronological and geochemical results from rift-related lava clasts in Lower–Middle Ordovician sedimentary subaqueous debris-flow deposits in the northwestern Marathon Basin. Deepening of the Iapetus seaway near the Laurentian margin (late Cambrian–Middle Ordovician) stimulated headward erosion of drainages, reflected in the systematic north-northwestward shift in zircon provenance from the west Texas Grenvillian and Southern Granite-Rhyolite Provinces to Yavapai-Mazatzal and Cheyenne Belt sources. The Cuyania rifted terrane underwent subduction at the western Gondwanan margin of the Iapetus Ocean in mid-Ordovician time (486 ± 7 Ma to 463 ± 4 Ma), and the resulting volcanism in the Famatina complex (Argentina) was most intense from ca. 472 to 468 Ma. Magmatic zircons from Ft. Peña bentonitic layers have identical U/Pb (488–468 Ma) and biostratigraphic (Darriwilian) ages to those from Famatinian bentonites at Talacasto (470 ± 5 Ma) in the Precordillera of Cuyania. Geologically constrained paleomagnetic reconstructions for 470 Ma depict the proximity of the Famatina arc, the rifted Cuyania terrane, and southern Laurentia at low southern latitudes (equator to ~30°S). These first U/Pb geochronological data from the Marathon/Solitario depocenter of western Iapetus appear to be compatible with such a configuration and can serve as test data for emerging tectonic interpretations.
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Miller, Jeffrey D., James O. Puckette, and Cory J. Godwin. "Conodont Biostratigraphy-Constrained Diachronous Lithofacies, Boone Group (Upper Osagean to Lower Meramecian), Western Ozarks: Breakdown of Lithostratigraphic Correlations at the Regional Scale." In Mississippian Reservoirs of the Midcontinent, 89–105. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/13632143m1163785.

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Lewy, Z., and G. S. Odin. "Chapter B2d Magnetostratigraphy across the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary at Tercis les Bains in comparison with northern Germany, the Apennines (Central Italy) and North America; biostratigraphical and geochronological constraints." In Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, 175–83. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5446(01)80019-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biostratigraphic constraint"

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Tang, Qing, Ke Pang, Lei Chen, Bin Wan, Shuhai Xiao, Chuanming Zhou, Xunlai Yuan, and Hong Hua. "BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CONSTRAINT ON TONIAN SUCCESSIONS IN EASTERN NORTH CHINA BLOCK." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-300409.

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Gombos Jr., A. M., C. J. Strohmenger, and T. C. Huang. "Biostratigraphic Constraints on the Shuaiba Formation." In IPTC 2007: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.147.iptc11206.

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Gombos, Andrew M., Christian J. Strohmenger, and T. C. Huang. "Biostratigraphic Constraints on the Shuaiba Formation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-11206-ms.

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Gombos, Andrew M., Christian J. Strohmenger, and T. C. Huang. "Biostratigraphic Constraints on the Shuaiba Formation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/11206-ms.

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Hussain, Maaruf, Abduljamiu Amao, Khalid Al-Ramadan, Lamidi Babalola, and John Humphrey. "Enhancement of Indistinct Sequence Stratigraphic Correlations Using Geochemical Signatures: An Example from the Paleozoic Successions Saudi Arabia." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206373-ms.

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Abstract The Paleozoic sequence in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) represents a thick succession of carbonate, shale, and siltstone/sandstone lithologies that were deposited in a range of environments. This succession hosts abundant unconventional reservoirs with huge amount of natural gas reserves. However, similarity in lithologies and poor biostratigraphic constrains are making facies analysis, stratigraphic correlation, and geosteering applications problematic. In this study, we documented the use of an automated statistical protocol for the identification of chemofacies and correlatable chemozones within highly homogenous formations.
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Rafferty, Kevin C., and Joshua W. Bonde. "WEDGE KINEMATICS AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SEVIER RETROARC: BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CONSTRAINTS FROM THE LOWER CRETACEOUS NEWARK CANYON FORMATION." In 113th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017cd-292895.

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Engelhardt-Moore, N., J. Granath, J. Aldrich, and L. Albanesi. "The Use of Biostratigraphy to Constrain Thrust Belt Timing in the Po Valley, Italy." In 64th EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.5.p077.

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Xiao, Shuhai, Qing Tang, Nigel C. Hughes, N. Ryan McKenzie, and Paul M. Myrow. "WHAT IS UNDERNEATH THE GANGA VALLEY? BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC AND DETRITAL ZIRCON AGE CONSTRAINTS ON THE PROTEROZOIC BASEMENT OF THE HIMALAYAN FORELAND BASIN." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-280181.

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Risedorf, Nicholas David, and Gary L. Gianniny. "POTENTIAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE TIMING OF HALOKINETIC MEGAFLAP DEFORMATION; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF PERMIAN/PENNSYLVANIAN CARBONATES, BIG GYPSUM SALT ANTICLINE, SW COLORADO." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-287862.

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Okobiebi, Onome, and Becky Okobiebi. "Delineating Depositional Environment through Lithostratigraphy and 2D Sequence Stratigraphy of a Typical Ramp Succession: In the Obom Field Niger Delta." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207171-ms.

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Abstract Modelling the most appropriate depositional environment is essential in the reservoir characterisation and 3D modelling of oil bearing sands and the integration of various workflows reduces the uncertainty in deciding the appropriate depositional model which serves as a precursor into petrophysical property distribution during 3D modelling. This paper elaborates a robust study of the integration facies analysis, 2D sequence Stratigraphy and biostratigraphy data in depicting the environment of deposition of the OBOM field. The lithological description of the G8 to the F5 reservoirs ranged from finning upward sequence and blocky shaped sequence as channel sands and coursing upward shoreface deposits. Mineralogical descriptions of the penetrated sands were also carried out, especially on the F5 reservoir in which the presence of radioactive minerals was decisive to constrain the depositional environment to lower shoreface. In the Sequence stratigraphic analysis two 3rd Order depositional cycles was identified from top to bottom in the field. This is substantiated by the facies trend, facies cross plot and cycles indicators like maximum flooding surfaces identified by regional marker shales, biofacies population and biodiversity charts and sequence stratigraphic methods like sequence thickness, bed stacking patterns and facies depositional patterns with regards sea level change. It was noticed that reservoir thickness reduces from the bottom to the top with the proximal channel sands in deep intervals gradually overlain by distal upper shoreface sands and lower shoreface sands at the shallower intervals. The gross depositional environment was a transgressive marine settings ranging from the lower shoreface and channelized upper shoreface deposits. The results from the integration of facies analysis, biofacies, seismic analysis and sequence stratigraphy results reduces uncertainty in depositional environment models.
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Reports on the topic "Biostratigraphic constraint"

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Gouwy, S. A. Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of the Mackenzie Mountains, western part of the Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326098.

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In this paper, a review of the current understanding of Devonian conodont biostratigraphy in the Mackenzie Mountains in the Northwest Territories is presented. The Devonian stratigraphy of the northern and southern Mackenzie Mountains is presented on two chronostratigraphic charts, from the first deposits on top of the sub-Devonian unconformity to the lower part of the Imperial and Fort Simpson formations. Schematic maps give an overview of the regional distribution of the formations in the Mackenzie Mountains. This update revealed that several of the assemblage and formation contacts are younger than presumed in an earlier time-stratigraphic chart; several formations and members are now better constrained in the updated charts. The update also pointed out intervals in the charts for which no data were available and for which more research is needed to constrain formations in the Devonian conodont biozonation.
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Irwin, S. E. B., and M. J. Orchard. Conodont Biostratigraphy and Constraints On Upper Devonian Mineral Deposits in the Earn Group, northern British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/127438.

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