Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biosensor label-free

Academic literature on the topic 'Biosensor label-free'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Biosensor label-free"

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Rho, Donggee, Caitlyn Breaux, and Seunghyun Kim. "Label-Free Optical Resonator-Based Biosensors." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 5901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205901.

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The demand for biosensor technology has grown drastically over the last few decades, mainly in disease diagnosis, drug development, and environmental health and safety. Optical resonator-based biosensors have been widely exploited to achieve highly sensitive, rapid, and label-free detection of biological analytes. The advancements in microfluidic and micro/nanofabrication technologies allow them to be miniaturized and simultaneously detect various analytes in a small sample volume. By virtue of these advantages and advancements, the optical resonator-based biosensor is considered a promising platform not only for general medical diagnostics but also for point-of-care applications. This review aims to provide an overview of recent progresses in label-free optical resonator-based biosensors published mostly over the last 5 years. We categorized them into Fabry-Perot interferometer-based and whispering gallery mode-based biosensors. The principles behind each biosensor are concisely introduced, and recent progresses in configurations, materials, test setup, and light confinement methods are described. Finally, the current challenges and future research topics of the optical resonator-based biosensor are discussed.
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Lai, Meimei, and Gymama Slaughter. "Label-Free MicroRNA Optical Biosensors." Nanomaterials 9, no. 11 (November 6, 2019): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9111573.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating gene expression. Many studies show that miRNAs have been linked to almost all kinds of disease. In addition, miRNAs are well preserved in a variety of specimens, thereby making them ideal biomarkers for biosensing applications when compared to traditional protein biomarkers. Conventional biosensors for miRNA require fluorescent labeling, which is complicated, time-consuming, laborious, costly, and exhibits low sensitivity. The detection of miRNA remains a big challenge due to their intrinsic properties such as small sizes, low abundance, and high sequence similarity. A label-free biosensor can simplify the assay and enable the direct detection of miRNA. The optical approach for a label-free miRNA sensor is very promising and many assays have demonstrated ultra-sensitivity (aM) with a fast response time. Here, we review the most relevant label-free microRNA optical biosensors and the nanomaterials used to enhance the performance of the optical biosensors.
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Janssen, Jesslyn, Mike Lambeta, Paul White, and Ahmad Byagowi. "Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Label-Free Protein Detection." Biosensors 9, no. 4 (December 17, 2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9040144.

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There is a growing need for biosensors that are capable of efficiently and rapidly quantifying protein biomarkers, both in the biological research and clinical setting. While accurate methods for protein quantification exist, the current assays involve sophisticated techniques, take long to administer and often require highly trained personnel for execution and analysis. Herein, we explore the development of a label-free biosensor for the detection and quantification of a standard protein. The developed biosensors comprise carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a specific antibody and cellulose filtration paper. The change in electrical resistance of the CNT-based biosensor system was used to sense a standard protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a proof-of-concept. The developed biosensors were found to have a limit of detection of 2.89 ng/mL, which is comparable to the performance of the typical ELISA method for BSA quantification. Additionally, the newly developed method takes no longer than 10 min to perform, greatly reducing the time of analysis compared to the traditional ELISA technique. Overall, we present a versatile, affordable, simplified and rapid biosensor device capable of providing great benefit to both biological research and clinical diagnostics.
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Saha, Soumyadeep, Manoj Sachdev, and Sushanta K. Mitra. "Recent advances in label-free optical, electrochemical, and electronic biosensors for glioma biomarkers." Biomicrofluidics 17, no. 1 (January 2023): 011502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0135525.

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Gliomas are the most commonly occurring primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Currently, the diagnostic and monitoring options for glioma mainly revolve around imaging techniques, which often provide limited information and require supervisory expertise. Liquid biopsy is a great alternative or complementary monitoring protocol that can be implemented along with other standard diagnosis protocols. However, standard detection schemes for sampling and monitoring biomarkers in different biological fluids lack the necessary sensitivity and ability for real-time analysis. Lately, biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technology has attracted significant attention due to several advantageous features, including high sensitivity and specificity, high-throughput analysis, minimally invasive, and multiplexing ability. In this review article, we have focused our attention on glioma and presented a literature survey summarizing the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers associated with glioma. Further, we discussed different biosensory approaches reported to date for the detection of specific glioma biomarkers. Current biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, which can be used for point-of-care devices or liquid biopsies. However, for real clinical applications, these biosensors lack high-throughput and multiplexed analysis, which can be achieved via integration with microfluidic systems. We shared our perspective on the current state-of-the-art different biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technologies reported and the future research scopes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on biosensors for glioma detection, and it is anticipated that the review will offer a new pathway for the development of such biosensors and related diagnostic platforms.
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Angelopoulou, Michailia, Sotirios Kakabakos, and Panagiota Petrou. "Label-Free Biosensors Based onto Monolithically Integrated onto Silicon Optical Transducers." Chemosensors 6, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040052.

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The article reviews the current status of label-free integrated optical biosensors focusing on the evolution over the years of their analytical performance. At first, a short introduction to the evanescent wave optics is provided followed by detailed description of the main categories of label-free optical biosensors, including sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), grating couplers, photonic crystals, ring resonators, and interferometric transducers. For each type of biosensor, the detection principle is first provided followed by description of the different transducer configurations so far developed and their performance as biosensors. Finally, a short discussion about the current limitations and future perspectives of integrated label-free optical biosensors is provided.
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O'Malley, Shawn M., Xinying Xie, and Anthony G. Frutos. "Label-Free High-Throughput Functional Lytic Assays." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 12, no. 1 (November 12, 2006): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057106296496.

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Refractive index-sensitive resonant waveguide grating biosensors are used to assay the label-free enzymatic degradation of biomolecules. These assays provide a robust means of screening for functional lytic modulators. The biomolecular substrates in this study were covalently immobilized through amine groups. Using the Corning® Epic™ System, the digestion signatures for multiple protein substrates on the biosensors are measured. Label-free digestion profiles for these proteins were substrate specific. Similarly, the authors find that the label-free digestion is protease specific. Enzyme-substrate pairs were used to evaluate high- throughput biosensors as tools for screening functional modulators. The lytic inhibitor properties for several proteases and dextranase are determined. The authors find that the IC50 values for the protease inhibitors agree with the reported values for several known inhibitors. The Ź values, using biosensor-based functional lytic screens, were routinely greater than 0.5, making this label-free application feasible for high-throughput screening.
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Koyappayil, Aneesh, and Min-Ho Lee. "Ultrasensitive Materials for Electrochemical Biosensor Labels." Sensors 21, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010089.

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Since the fabrication of the first electrochemical biosensor by Leland C. Clark in 1956, various labeled and label-free sensors have been reported for the detection of biomolecules. Labels such as nanoparticles, enzymes, Quantum dots, redox-active molecules, low dimensional carbon materials, etc. have been employed for the detection of biomolecules. Because of the absence of cross-reaction and highly selective detection, labeled biosensors are advantageous and preferred over label-free biosensors. The biosensors with labels depend mainly on optical, magnetic, electrical, and mechanical principles. Labels combined with electrochemical techniques resulted in the selective and sensitive determination of biomolecules. The present review focuses on categorizing the advancement and advantages of different labeling methods applied simultaneously with the electrochemical techniques in the past few decades.
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Luka, George, Ehsan Samiei, Soroush Dehghani, Thomas Johnson, Homayoun Najjaran, and Mina Hoorfar. "Label-Free Capacitive Biosensor for Detection of Cryptosporidium." Sensors 19, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19020258.

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Cryptosporidium, an intestinal protozoan pathogen, is one of the leading causes of diarrhea in healthy adults and death in children. Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts has become a high priority to prevent potential outbreaks. In this paper, a label-free interdigitated-based capacitive biosensor has been introduced for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water samples. Specific anti-Cryptosporidium monoclonal antibodies (IgG3) were covalently immobilized onto interdigitated gold electrodes as the capture probes, and bovine serum albumin was used to avoid non-specific adsorption. The immobilization of the antibodies was confirmed by measuring the change in the contact angle. The detection was achieved by measuring the relative change in the capacitive/dielectric properties due to the formation of Cryptosporidium-antibody complex. The biosensor has been tested for different concentrations of Cryptosporidium. The results show that the biosensor developed can accurately distinguish different numbers of captured cells and densities on the surface of the biosensor. The number of Cryptosporidium oocysts captured on the electrode surface was confirmed using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) immunofluorescence assay. The response from the developed biosensor has been mainly dependent on the concentration of Cryptosporidium under optimized conditions. The biosensor showed a linear detection range between 15 and 153 cells/mm2 and a detection limit of 40 cells/mm2. The label-free capacitive biosensor developed has a great potential for detecting Cryptosporidium in environmental water samples. Furthermore, under optimized conditions, this label-free biosensor can be extended for detection of other biomarkers for biomedical and environmental analyses.
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Nikitin, P. I., B. G. Gorshkov, E. P. Nikitin, and T. I. Ksenevich. "Picoscope, a new label-free biosensor." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 111-112 (November 2005): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2005.03.043.

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Konoplev, Georgii, Darina Agafonova, Liubov Bakhchova, Nikolay Mukhin, Marharyta Kurachkina, Marc-Peter Schmidt, Nikolay Verlov, et al. "Label-Free Physical Techniques and Methodologies for Proteins Detection in Microfluidic Biosensor Structures." Biomedicines 10, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020207.

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Proteins in biological fluids (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid) are important biomarkers of various pathological conditions. Protein biomarkers detection and quantification have been proven to be an indispensable diagnostic tool in clinical practice. There is a growing tendency towards using portable diagnostic biosensor devices for point-of-care (POC) analysis based on microfluidic technology as an alternative to conventional laboratory protein assays. In contrast to universally accepted analytical methods involving protein labeling, label-free approaches often allow the development of biosensors with minimal requirements for sample preparation by omitting expensive labelling reagents. The aim of the present work is to review the variety of physical label-free techniques of protein detection and characterization which are suitable for application in micro-fluidic structures and analyze the technological and material aspects of label-free biosensors that implement these methods. The most widely used optical and impedance spectroscopy techniques: absorption, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, Raman scattering, and interferometry, as well as new trends in photonics are reviewed. The challenges of materials selection, surfaces tailoring in microfluidic structures, and enhancement of the sensitivity and miniaturization of biosensor systems are discussed. The review provides an overview for current advances and future trends in microfluidics integrated technologies for label-free protein biomarkers detection and discusses existing challenges and a way towards novel solutions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biosensor label-free"

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Li, Bing. "Graphene transistors for label-free biosensing." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5291.

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The discovery of monolayer graphene by Manchester group has led to intensive research into a variety of applications across different disciplines. As a monolayer of carbon atoms, graphene presents a high surface to volume ratio and a good electronic conductivity, making it sensitive to its surface bio-chemical environment. This project investigated the fabrication of electronic biosensors using different graphene-based materials. It included the production of graphene, the fabrication of electronic devices, the chemical functionalisation of graphene surface and the specific detection of target bio-molecules. This project first investigated the production of graphene using three different methods, namely mechanical exfoliation, physical vapour deposition and electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide. With respect to the physical vapour deposition method, the production of large area transfer-free graphene from sputtered carbon and metal layers on SiO2 substrate has, for the first time, been achieved. The relationship between growth parameters and the quality of resultant graphene layer has been systematically studied. In addition, a growth model based on the detailed analysis of morphological structures and properties of graphene film was simultaneously proposed. Optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used for the evaluation of the number, the quality and the morphology of resultant graphene layers in each method. To investigate the performance of graphene electronic devices, field effect transistors were fabricated using both exfoliated and chemical vapour deposited graphene. A novel technique for graphene patterning has been developed using deep ultraviolet baking and an improved photolithography method. A new shielding technique for the low damage deposition of Au electrodes on graphene has also been developed in this project. The practical challenges of device fabrication and performance optimisation, such as polymer residue and contact formation, have been studied using Raman spectroscopy and the Keithley 2602A multichannel source meter. For the functionalisation of graphene, a number of chemicals were investigated to provide linking groups that enable binding of bio-probes on the graphene surface. Hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate have been demonstrated to have the capability of immobilising oxygen-containing groups onto graphene. The levels of oxidation were estimated by energy dispersive analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, aminopropyltriethoxysilanes and polyallylamine have exhibited good efficiency for immobilising amino groups onto graphene. The resultant graphene was characterised by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Graphene electrodes modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide were developed for the first time which exhibit significantly improved redox currents in electrochemical measurements. Using single stranded DNA immobilised via π-π bonds as probes, these electrodes showed a limit of detection of 1.58 x 10-13 M for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 gene. In parallel, human chorionic gonadotropin sensors were developed by immobilising its antibodies on 1-pyrenebutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester functionalised graphene field effect transistors. These field effect transistors have been demonstrated to exhibit a quantitative response toward the detection of 0.625 ng/ml antigen. In summary, the fabrications of two types of graphene-based biosensors for the detection of specific DNA sequence and human chorionic gonadotropin have been achieved in this project. Their sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility and capability of multiple biomarker detection need to be further improved and explored in future work. The outcomes of this project have provided not only ready-made biosensing platforms for the detection beyond these two targets, but also novel techniques applicable to the development of multidisciplinary applications beyond biosensor itself.
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Namhil, Zahra Ghobaei. "Nanogap capacitive biosensor for label-free aptamer-based protein detection." Thesis, University of Hull, 2018. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16463.

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Recent advances in nanotechnology offer a new platform for the label free detection of biomolecules at ultra-low concentrations. Nano biosensors are emerging as a powerful method of improving device performance whilst minimizing device size, cost and fabrication times. Nanogap capacitive biosensors are an excellent approach for detecting biomolecular interactions due to the ease of measurement, low cost equipment needed and compatibility with multiplex formats. This thesis describes research into the fabrication of a nanogap capacitive biosensor and its detection results in label-free aptamer-based protein detection for proof of concept. Over the last four decades many research groups have worked on fabrication and applications of these type of biosensors, with different approaches, but there is much scope for the improvement of sensitivity and reliability. Additionally, the potential of these sensors for use in commercial markets and in everyday life has yet to be realized. Initial work in the field was limited to high frequency (>100 kHz) measurements only, since at low frequency there is significant electronic thermal noise (< V2 > = 4kBTR) from the electrical double layer (EDL). This was a significant drawback since this noise masked most of the important information from biomolecular interactions of interest. A novel approach to remove this parasitic noise is to minimize the EDL impedance by reducing the capacitor electrode separation to less than the EDL thickness. In the case of aptamer functionalized electrodes, this is particularly advantageous since device sensitivity is increased as the dielectric volume is better matched to the size of the biomolecules and their binding to the electrode surface. This work has demonstrated experimentally the concepts postulated theoretically. In this work we have fabricated a large area (100 x 5 μm x 5 μm) vertically oriented capacitive nanogap biosensor with a 40 nm electrode separation between two gold electrodes. A silicon dioxide support layer separates the two electrodes and this is partially etched (approximately 800 nm from both sides of each 5 μm x 5 μm capacitor), leaving an area of the gold electrodes available for thiol-aptamer functionalization. AC impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed with the biosensor in the presence of air, D.I. water, various ionic strength buffer solutions and aptamer/protein pairs inside the nanogap. Applied frequencies were from 1Hz to 500 kHz at 20 mV AC voltage with 0 DC. We obtained relative permittivity results as a function of frequency for air (ɛ=1) and DI water (ɛ~80) which compares very favorably with previous works done by different research groups. The sensitivity and response of the sensors to buffer solution (SSC buffer) with various ionic strengths (0.1x SSC, 0.2x SSC, 0.5x SSC and 1x SSC) was studied in detail. It was found that in the low frequency region (< 1 kHz) the relative permittivity (capacitance) was broadly constant, that means it is independent from the applied frequency in this range. With increasing buffer concentration, the relative permittivity starts to increase (from ɛ=170 for 0.1x SSC to ɛ=260 for 1x SSC). The sensor performance was further investigated for aptamer-based protein detection, human alpha thrombin aptamers and human alpha thrombin protein pairs were selected for proof of concept. Aptamers were functionalized into the gold electrode surface with the Self-Assembly-Monolayer (SAM) method and measurements were performed in the presence of 0.5x SSC buffer solution (ɛ=180). Then the hybridization step was carried out with 1 μM of human alpha thrombin protein followed by measurements in the presence of the same buffer (ɛ=130). The response of the sensors with different solutions inside the nanogap was studied at room temperature (5 working devices were tested for each step). The replacement of the buffer solution (ɛ=250) with lower relative permittivity biomolecules (aptamer ɛ=180) and further binding proteins to immobilized aptamer (ɛ=130) was studied. To validate these results, a control experiment was carried out using different aptamers, in this case which are not able to bind to human alpha thrombin protein. It was found that the relative permittivity did not change after the hybridization step compared to the aptamer functionalization step, which indicates that the sensors performance is highly sensitive and reliable. This work serves as a proof of concept for a novel nanogap based biosensor with the potential to be used for many applications in environmental, food industry and medical industry. The fabrication method has been shown to be reliable and consistent with the possibility of being easily commercialized for mass production for use in laboratories for the analysis of a wide range of samples.
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Stagni, degli Esposti Claudio <1977&gt. "Electronic biosensor arrays for label-free DNA and protein analysis." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/408/1/Phd_thesis_ClaudioStagni.pdf.

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Stagni, degli Esposti Claudio <1977&gt. "Electronic biosensor arrays for label-free DNA and protein analysis." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/408/.

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ZECCA, DAVIDE. "Label-free photonic crystal technology for immunosensing applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2645208.

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The continue request in medical field of methods for the diagnosing and the monitoring of diffuse pathologies like cancer, Alzheimer and muscular dystrophy, has pushed the scientific research to focus its interest in he design of biosensors for fast and in-situ assays. Although several typology of biosensors has been proposed, label-free immunosensors are good candidates in the biomarkers detection thanks to a high bio-selective recognition and a simple read-out. This thesis presents the research activity about the design, fabrication and testing of an immunosensor based on a Si3N4 2-D photonic crystal (PhC) in membrane configuration and further optimizations of the fabrication process of PhC membranes for biosensing applications. The structure has been optimized by means of the finite difference time domain method (FDTD) in order to achieve peaks of reflectivity in the visible-near infrared spectrum. Subsequently, a nano-fabrication protocol exploiting e-beam lithography and dry/wet etching has been optimized, obtaining high resolution structures. Finally, the immunosensor has been functionalized with a layer of antibodies for the detection of the IL-6 protein and experimental tests has been performed, achieving a sensitivity of 1.5 pg/ml. A further step has been the optimization of the fabrication processes of PhC membranes for biosensing applications and their transferring from rigid substrate to flexible polymeric layer in order to achieve high integrable and biocompatible devices.
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Ho, M. Y. "An investigation of redox self-assembled monolayer in label-free biosensor application." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604101.

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This dissertation investigates a label-free sensing platform which can be used to detect DNA, enzyme or protein, based upon electrochemical detection which is suitable for implementation in microarray form. Two implementations are proposed based on mixed Ferrocene self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and the Azurin (metalloprotein) SAM. We have shown for the first time that electro-active SAM, functionalized with suitable receptors, can be employed for the detection of biomolecular interactions. Detection of streptavidin by biotin-functionalized Ferrocene SAM was successfully demonstrated. These results were made possible by the development of the fabrication protocols that optimize the SAM stability and reproducibility. Reliable samples, combined with theoretical modelling and modification of existing published model for electro-active SAM, has enabled us to experiment and analyse in depth various electrochemical detection techniques, based on changes in capacitance, voltammetric formal potential and current, Open Circuit Potential (OCP). It was found that AC voltammetry and OCP are the best measurement techniques. The use of OCP with an electro-active SAM had not been previously demonstrated and the theoretical basis for this technique was presented. Essential for this technique was the development of micro-electrodes to reduce parasitic capacitances that would reduce the available signal, enabling real-time detection of bio-molecular interaction. We also made possible to characterize the binding of a protein (streptavidin) to a biotin-functionalized Azurin SAM. Also a numerical analysis has been developed to analyse the effect of design parameters of the platform, such as the probe density and buffer concentration, which can greatly affect the assay sensitivity. This is achieved using 3D simulation with finite element method in COMSOL.
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Mir, Llorente Mònica. "Oligonucleotide Based-Biosensors for Label-Free Electrochemical Protein and DNA Detection." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8542.

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In the last years, DNA arrays have attracted increasing attention among medical diagnosis and analytical chemists. The broad range of application that has been found for DNA arrays makes them an important analytical tool. DNA arrays are relevant for the diagnosis of genetic diseases, detection of infectious agents, study of genetic predisposition, development of a personalised medicine, detection of differential genetic expression, forensic science, drug screening, food safety and environmental monitoring.
Despite the great promise of DNA arrays in health care and their success in medical and biological research, the technology is still far away from the daily use in the clinic and even more far away from their implementation in home-diagnosis such as glucose biosensors.
Their principal problems are the high cost and difficulty of use, because it is required costly laboratory instruments and biology knowledge for the labelling of the DNA prior to the sample injection into the array.
On the other hand, the requirements that a biosensor should include are to be easy-to use so that it do not need the previous label of the sample and the addition of reagents. It should give a sensitive response in short time, and it should also include cheap generic multi-analyte detection.
The work carried out in this thesis describes new concepts of electrochemical biosensoric platforms based on oligonucleotides for detection of label-free DNA and protein, which include these requirements.
Preliminary experiments of direct DNA electrochemical detection of labelled ssDNA were performed to establish a protocol of DNA immobilisation, hybridisation and detection colourimetrically and electrochemically. DNA real samples and multi-analite detection on an array developed by biocopatible photolithography were used.
To avoid the analyte labelling to develop an easy to use and low cost device, a label-free electrochemical displacement of DNA sensor was described. The method of detection by displacement requires the pre-hybridisation of the capture probe immobilised on the electrode surface with a sub-optimum mutated oligonucleotide labelled with a redox molecule. Due to the higher affinity of the target that is fully complementary to the capture probe, the sub-optimum label can be displaced when the complementary target is introduced in the system. The decrease of the signal would verify the presence of the target and should be proportional to its concentration.
Sub-optimum hybridisation displacement detection was demonstrated colourimetrically and electrochemically with a sub-optimum mutated oligonucleotide labelled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and a ferrocene sub-optimum mutated oligonucleotide was also detected electrochemically, which do not required the addition of reagents for its detection.
Furthermore different strategies to develop an electrochemical oligonucleotide (aptamer) based sensor for reagentless and label-free protein detection was carried out. The most sensitive aptasensor achieved 30 fM of detection limit in just 5 minutes.
En els últims anys, els xips d'ADN han atret una atenció creixen en els camps de la diagnosis mèdica i la química analítica, degut a la seva portabilitat, sensibilitat, especificitat, ràpida resposta i l'ampli ventall d'aplicacions. Els xips d'ADN són rellevants per la diagnosis de malalties genètiques, detecció d'agents infecciosos, estudis de predisposició genètica, desenvolupament de medicina personalitzada, detecció d'expressió genètica diferencial, medicina forense, exploració de medicaments, seguretat alimentaria, defensa militar i monitorització mediambiental.
Encara que els xips basats en oligonucleòtids per la detecció d'ADN i proteïnes siguin una gran promesa en medicina i recerca biològica, aquesta tecnologia es encara molt lluny del seu ús diari en el camp clínic i encara més lluny de poder ser comercialitzada per ús domèstic com ho han estat el biosensors de glucosa.
Els seus principals problemes són el seu alt cost i la seva dificultat d'ús. Ja que per la seva utilització és necessari, previ a la injecció de l'analit en el biosensor, costosos instruments de laboratori i tècnics especialitzats en bioquímica pel marcatge i amplificació de les mostres d'ADN.
En canvi els requeriments que un biosensor ha d'incloure són, ser fàcil d'utilitzar, per tant que l'analit no necessiti un marcatge previ i l'addició de reactius per la seva detecció. Aquest ha de donar una resposta ràpida i sensible a baix cost i ha de permetre la detecció en el mateix equip de diferent tipus d'analits.
El treball fet en aquesta tesis descriu el desenvolupament de nous concepte de plataformes biosensòriques electroquímiques basades en oligonucleòtids per la detecció d'ADN i proteïnes no marcades prèviament, els quals inclouen aquest requeriments.
Experiments preliminars per la detecció de l'hibridació d'ADN marcat es van portar a fi per tal d'establir un protocol per la immobilització, hibridació i detecció d'ADN colorimètricament i electroquímicament. És van utilitzar mostres reals d'ADN i sistemes de detecció de multi-analits en un xip desenvolupat per fotolitografia biocompatible.
Per tal de no necessitar un marcatge previ de la mostres d'ADN i així simplificar i reduir el cost del futur biosensor es va desenvolupar un sistema electroquímic de desplaçament. El mètode lliure de marcatge es basa en el desplaçament de molècules d'oligonucleòtid mutat i marcat, els quals encara que continguin certes mutacions són capaços d'hibridar amb la sonda d'oligonucleòtid immobilitzat, però quan aquestes es troben en presència de l'analit desplaça la molècula mutada i marcada, disminuint així la senyal de manera proporcional en la concentració del analit. El sistema de desplaçament ha estat demostrat colorimètricament i electroquímicament utilitzant un marcatge d'HRP sobre el mutat i utilitzant un marcatge de ferrocè en l'oligonucleòtid mutat per tal de no necessitar afegir cap reactiu per la detecció de l'analit,
També es van portar a fi diferents estratègies per desenvolupar un biosensor electroquímic basat en oligonucleòtids (aptamers) per la detecció de la proteïna trombina sense el previ marcatge d'aquest analit i sense necessitat d'afegir reactius per la detecció del analit. En el sistema mes sensible es va obtenir un límit de detecció de 30 fM en un temps de resposta de sols 5 minuts.
En los últimos años, los chips de ADN han atraído una atención creciente diferentes campos, debido a su portabilidad, sensibilidad, especificidad y rápida respuesta. Los chips de ADN son aplicados en diagnosis de enfermedades genéticas, detección de agentes infecciosos, estudios de predisposición genética, desarrollo de medicina personalizada, detección de expresión genética diferencial, medicina forense, exploración de medicamentos, columnas de separación, seguridad alimentaría, defensa militar y monitorización medioambiental.
Aunque los chips basados en oligonucleótidos para la detección de ADN y proteínas tienen un gran futuro en diagnosis e investigación biológica, esta tecnología está aun muy lejos de su uso diario en el campo clínico y aun mas lejos de poder ser comercializado para uso doméstico como lo han sido los biosensores de glucosa.
Sus principales problemas son su alto coste y su dificultad de uso. Para su utilización es necesario, previo a la inyección del analito en el biosensor, costosos instrumentos de laboratorio y técnicos especializados en bioquímica para el marcaje y amplificación de las muestras de ADN.
En cambio los requerimientos que un biosensor ha de incluir son, ser fácil de utilizar, por tanto el analito no ha de necesitar un marcaje previo ni la adición de reactivos para su detección. Este ha de dar una respuesta rápida y sensible a bajo coste y ha de permitir la detección en el mismo equipo de diferentes analitos.
El trabajo hecho en esta tesis describe el desarrollo de nuevos conceptos de plataformas biosensóricas electroquímicas basadas en oligonucleótidos para la detección de ADN y proteínas no marcadas previamente, los cuales incluyen estos requerimientos.
Experimentos preliminares para la detección directa de la hibridación de ADN marcado se llevó a cabo para establecer protocolos para la inmovilización, hibridación y detección de ADN colorimétricamente y electroquímicamente. Se utilizaron muestras reales y sistemas de detección de multi-analitos en un chip desarrollado por fotolitografía biocompatible.
Para no necesitar un marcaje previo de la muestra de ADN y así simplificar y reducir el coste del futuro biosensor se desarrolló un sistema electroquímico de desplazamiento. El método libre de marcaje se basa en el desplazamiento de moléculas de oligonucleótido mutado y marcado, el cual aunque contenga ciertas mutaciones es capaz de hibridar con la sonda de oligonucleótido inmovilizado, pero cuando estas se encuentran en presencia del analito desplaza la molécula mutada, disminuyendo así la señal de manera proporcional a la concentración del analito. El sistema de desplazamiento ha sido demostrado colorimétricamente y electroquímicamente utilizando marcaje de HRP sobre el mutado, así como un marcaje de ferroceno que no requiere la adición de reactivos para su detección.
También se llevaron a cabo diferentes estrategias para desarrollar un biosensor electroquímico basado en oligonucleótidos (aptámeros) para la detección de trombina sin el previo marcaje de este analito, ni la adición de reactivos para la detección del analito. En el sistema más sensible se obtuvo un límite de detección de 30 fM en un tiempo de respuesta de solo 5 minutos
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Wang, Yunmiao. "Microgap Structured Optical Sensor for Fast Label-free DNA Detection." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32875.

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DNA detection technology has developed rapidly due to its extensive application in clinical diagnostics, bioengineering, environmental monitoring, and food science areas. Currently developed methods such as surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) methods, fluorescent dye labeled methods and electrochemical methods, usually have the problems of bulky size, high equipment cost and time-consuming algorithms, so limiting their application for in vivo detection. In this work, an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (IFPI) based DNA sensor is presented with the intrinsic advantages of small size, low cost and corrosion-tolerance. This sensor has experimentally demonstrated its high sensitivity and selectivity. In theory, DNA detection is realized by interrogating the sensorâ s optical cavity length variation resulting from hybridization event. First, a microgap structure based IFPI sensor is fabricated with simple etching and splicing technology. Subsequently, considering the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA, layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly technique is adopted to attach the single strand capture DNA to the sensor endface. When the target DNA strand binds to the single-stranded DNA successfully, the optical cavity length of sensor will be increased. Finally, by demodulating the sensor spectrum, DNA hybridization event can be judged qualitatively. This sensor can realize DNA detection without attached label, which save the experiment expense and time. Also the hybridization detection is finished within a few minutes. This quick response feature makes it more attractive in diagnose application. Since the sensitivity and specificity are the most widely used statistics to describe a diagnostic test, so these characteristics are used to evaluate this biosensor. Experimental results demonstrate that this sensor has a sensitivity of 6nmol/ml and can identify a 2 bp mismatch. Since this sensor is optical fiber based, it has robust structure and small size ( 125μm ). If extra etching process is applied to the sensor, the size can be further reduced. This promises the sensor potential application of in-cell detection. Further investigation can be focused on the nanofabrication of this DNA sensor, and this is very meaningful topic not only for diagnostic test but also in many other applications such as food industry, environment monitoring.
Master of Science
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CANTALE, Vera. "Towards label-free biosensors based on localized surface plasmon resonance." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388765.

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Medical diagnostics is in constant search of new tools and devices able to provide in short time, accurate and versatile tests performed on patients. Nanotechnology has contributed largely in developing biosensors of smaller size at a lower cost by using a minimal amount of sample. Biosensors aim to monitor and diagnosticate “in situ” the patient status and the diseases caused by alteration of the body metabolism by, for example, the detection of gene mutations, alteration of gene expression or alteration of proteins. The aim of this work is the development of biosensors that satisfy the requirements which are critical for applications. A biosensor must be i) easy to use, ii) economically convenient, and therefore preferentially label free, iii) highly sensitive, iv) reversible, v) and suitable for Point of Care Testing, that is to be used ”in situ” on the patient. We have focused on biosensors based on the optical properties of nanostructured metals as Au or Ag, in particular by using on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy. Nanostructured metals under irradiation of electromagnetic wave (as light) exhibit intense absorption bands as results of the localized electronic charges of the metal surface coming into resonance with the incident energy. According to the Mie’s theory, the LSPR absorption band feature changes when the refractive index of the media surrounding the metal nanostructures is varied. Of particular interest for our purpose are the possible changes of the LSPR band features taking place under molecular interactions occurring at the nanostructures surfaces: the shift of LSPR bands is the “transducer” of molecular interactions. These changes can be easily detected by conventional UV-Vis spectroscopy, in transmittance mode. While a large number of studies have been carried out on monodisperse nanoparticles suspended in solution, gold nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on a transparent surface open the possibility to fabricate biosensor based on multiplex array platforms. Nonetheless, one of the major problems in using these plasmonic materials for biosensing purpose is related to the stability of the metal NPs in different solvents and in particular in aqueous solutions. In this study we demonstrate i) the possibility to achieve highly stable NPs by simple thermal evaporation of Au on a substrate commercially available, the Fluorine Tin Oxide (FTO) (Chapter 2); ii) a reproducible variation of the LSPR bands under formation of organic selfassembled monolayers (SAMs), iii) reversible changes in the features of the LSPR bands, (Chapter 3), iv) a specific and reproducible LSPR band changes under molecular interactions occurring at NPs surfaces, as DNA hybridization (Chapter 4). This work demonstrates that the plasmonic material based on Au NPs deposited on FTO surfaces represents a convenient platform for biosensors because of i) inexpensive fabrication, ii) stability of this material in various solvent, including water, of, iii) the easy way to detect the molecular interaction, and iv) the good sensitivity to molecular interactions.
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García, Castelló Javier. "A Novel Approach to Label-Free Biosensors Based on Photonic Bandgap Structures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/35398.

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The necessity of using extremely high sensitivity biosensors in certain research areas has remarkably increased during the last two decades. Optical structures, where light is used to transduce biochemical interactions into optical signals, are a very interesting approach for the development of this type of biosensors. Within optical sensors, photonic integrated architectures are probably the most promising platform to develop novel lab-on-a-chip devices. Such planar structures exhibit an extremely high sensitivity, a significantly reduced footprint and a high multiplexing potential for sensing applications. Furthermore, their compatibility with CMOS processes and materials, such as silicon, opens the route to mass production, thus reducing drastically the cost of the final devices. Optical sensors achieve their specificity and label-free operation by means of a proper chemical functionalization of their surfaces. The selective attachment of the receptors allows the detection of the target analytes within a complex matrix. This PhD Thesis is focused on the development of label-free photonic integrated sensors in which the detection is based on the interaction of the target analytes with the evanescent field that travels along the structures. Herein, we studied several photonic structures for sensing purposes, such as photonic crystals and ring resonators. Photonic crystals, where their periodicity provokes the appearance of multiple back and forth reflections, exhibits the so-called slow-light phenomenon that allows an increase of the interaction between the light and the target matter. On the other hand, the circulating nature of the resonant modes in a ring resonator offers a multiple interaction with the matter near the structure, providing a longer effective length. We have also proposed a novel approach for the interrogation of photonic bandgap sensing structures where simply the output power needs to measured, contrary to current approaches based on the spectral interrogation of the photonic structures. This novel technique consists on measuring the overlap between a broadband source and the band edge from a SOI-based corrugated waveguide, so that we can determine indirectly its spectral position in real-time. Since there is no need to employ tunable equipment, we obtain a lighter, simpler and a cost-effective platform, as well as a real-time observation of the molecular interactions. The experimental demonstration with antibody detection measurements has shown the potential of this technique for sensing purposes
García Castelló, J. (2014). A Novel Approach to Label-Free Biosensors Based on Photonic Bandgap Structures [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/35398
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Books on the topic "Biosensor label-free"

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Fang, Ye, ed. Label-Free Biosensor Methods in Drug Discovery. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2617-6.

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Cooper, Matthew A., ed. Label-Free Biosensors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626531.

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A, Cooper M., ed. Label-free biosensors: Techniques and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Fang, Ye. Label-Free Biosensor Methods in Drug Discovery. Humana Press, 2015.

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Fang, Ye. Label-Free Biosensor Methods in Drug Discovery. Humana Press, 2016.

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Cooper, Matthew A. Label-Free Biosensors: Techniques and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Cooper, Matthew A. Label-Free Biosensors: Techniques and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Cooper, Matthew A. Label-Free Biosensors: Techniques and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Cooper, Matthew A. Label-Free Biosensors: Techniques and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Schöning, Michael J., and Arshak Poghossian. Label-Free Biosensing: Advanced Materials, Devices and Applications. Springer, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biosensor label-free"

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Rich, Rebecca L., and David G. Myszka. "The Revolution of Real-Time, Label-Free Biosensor Applications." In Label-Free Technologies for Drug Discovery, 1–25. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470979129.ch1.

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Grundmann, Manuel, and Evi Kostenis. "Label-Free Biosensor Assays in GPCR Screening." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 199–213. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2336-6_14.

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Zourob, Mohammed, Souna Elwary, Xudong Fan, Stephan Mohr, and Nicholas J. Goddard. "Label-Free Detection with the Resonant Mirror Biosensor." In Biosensors and Biodetection, 89–138. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-567-5_6.

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Wanekaya, Adam K., Wilfred Chen, Nosang V. Myung, and Ashok Mulchandani. "Conducting Polymer Nanowire-Based Bio-Field Effect Transistor for Label-Free Detection." In Smart Biosensor Technology, 149–64. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429429934-7.

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Luo, Yidan, and Gang Jin. "A Compact Imaging Ellipsometer for Label-free Biosensor." In IFMBE Proceedings, 1050–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89208-3_250.

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Bonnel, David, Dora Mehn, and Gerardo R. Marchesini. "Label-Free Biosensor Affinity Analysis Coupled to Mass Spectrometry." In Analyzing Biomolecular Interactions by Mass Spectrometry, 299–316. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527673391.ch10.

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Zhou, Jie, Xianxin Qiu, and Ping Wang. "Label-Free Cell-Based Biosensor Methods in Drug Toxicology Analysis." In Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology, 77–108. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2617-6_4.

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Cui, Lin, Juan Hu, Meng Wang, Chen-Chen Li, and Chun-Yang Zhang. "A Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine." In Springer Protocols Handbooks, 45–52. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1229-3_5.

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Zhang, Guo-Jun. "Silicon Nanowire Biosensor for Ultrasensitive and Label-Free Direct Detection of miRNAs." In MicroRNA and Cancer, 111–21. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-863-8_9.

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Chiavaioli, F., C. Trono, A. Giannetti, M. Brenci, and F. Baldini. "Label-Free Biosensor Based on Copolymer-Functionalized Optical Fiber Long-Period Grating." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 199–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00684-0_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biosensor label-free"

1

Esfandyarpour, Rahim, Mehdi Javanmard, Zahra Koochak, James S. Harris, and Ronald W. Davis. "Matrix independent label-free nanoelectronic biosensor." In 2014 IEEE 27th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2014.6765833.

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Kyung Woo Kim, Moo Kyung Park, Hyun Choi, Dong June Ahn, and Min-kyu Oh. "Immobilized polydiacetylene vesicle for label-free biosensor." In 2010 5th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems.2010.5592171.

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Aygun, Ugur, Oguzhan Avci, Elif Seymour, Derin D. Sevenler, Hakan Urey, M. Selim Ünlü, and Ayca Yalcin Ozkumur. "Low cost flatbed scanner label-free biosensor." In SPIE BiOS, edited by David Levitz, Aydogan Ozcan, and David Erickson. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2214113.

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Jahns, S., P. Glorius, M. Hansen, Y. Nazirizadeh, and M. Gerken. "Imaging label-free biosensor with microfluidic system." In SPIE Microtechnologies, edited by Sander van den Driesche. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2179366.

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Xu, D. X., A. Densmore, R. Ma, M. Vachon, S. Janz, Y. H. Li, G. Lopinski, et al. "Silicon Wire Waveguide Label-free Biosensor Arrays." In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2010.ime7.

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Wu, Yihui. "Ultrasensitive label-free optical fiber biosensor by evanescent wave coupled oscillation (Conference Presentation)." In Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2019, edited by Natan T. Shaked and Oliver Hayden. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2507529.

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Cadena, Melissa, Frank De Luna, Kwaku Baryeh, Lu-Zhe Sun, and Jing Yong Ye. "Epithelial-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells monitored with a photonic crystal biosensor." In Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2020, edited by Natan T. Shaked and Oliver Hayden. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2544113.

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Trabucco, Luis, Christian Gonzalez, Ashley Ridoutt, Ayesha Kishwar, Joshua Chaj-Ulloa, Mohammed Attia, Nevin Yazdani, Nikolay Akimov, and Jing Yong Ye. "Functionalization of a photonic crystal biosensor with modified aptamers for the detection of cardiac biomarkers." In Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2022, edited by Natan T. Shaked and Oliver Hayden. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2609898.

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Aznakayev, Emir, and Diana Aznakayeva. "Label-free biosensor for viruses and bacteria detection." In Nano-, Bio-, Info-Tech Sensors and 3D Systems, edited by Jaehwan Kim. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2572685.

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Baldini, Francesco, Francesco Chiavaioli, Ambra Giannetti, Massimo Brenci, and Cosimo Trono. "Label-free biosensor based on long period grating." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Tuan Vo-Dinh, and Warren S. Grundfest. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2007399.

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