Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biopolymers – Biodegradation

Academic literature on the topic 'Biopolymers – Biodegradation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biopolymers – Biodegradation"

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Irfan, Sayed Ameenuddin, Babar Azeem, Kashif Irshad, Salem Algarni, KuZilati KuShaari, Saiful Islam, and Mostafa A. H. Abdelmohimen. "Machine Learning Model for Nutrient Release from Biopolymers Coated Controlled-Release Fertilizer." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110538.

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Recent developments in the controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) have led to the new modern agriculture industry, also known as precision farming. Biopolymers as encapsulating agents for the production of controlled-release fertilizers have helped to overcome many challenging problems such as nutrients’ leaching, soil degradation, soil debris, and hefty production cost. Mechanistic modeling of biopolymers coated CRF makes it challenging due to the complicated phenomenon of biodegradation. In this study, a machine learning model is developed utilizing Gaussian process regression to predict the nutrient release time from biopolymer coated CRF with the input parameters consisting of diffusion coefficient, coefficient of-variance of coating thickness, coating mass thickness, coefficient of variance of size distribution and surface hardness from biopolymer coated controlled-release fertilizer. The developed model has shown greater prediction capabilities measured with R2 equalling 1 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) equalling 0.003. The developed model can be utilized to study the nutrient release profile of different biopolymers’-coated controlled-release fertilizers.
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Weal, Stephanie, Sheree Anderson, Ross Anderson, Trevor Stuthridge, and Alan Fernyhough. "Environmentally Intelligent Biocomposites." Advanced Materials Research 29-30 (November 2007): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.29-30.255.

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Composites made from wood residues and biomasses, together with either conventional polymers such as polypropylene (PP) and their recyclate streams or with the new emerging biopolymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), were compounded and injection moulded. Mechanical properties and biodegradation analyses were undertaken. The addition of wood flour/sander dust (SD) and wood fibres (WF), to the PP, with suitable compatibilizer, increased the flexural and tensile modulus and strength, indicating a good bond between the fibres and matrix. The tensile and flexural strengths were decreased with the addition of wood fillers, additives and biomasses to a PLA biopolymer blend. Such biomasses and additives increased the biodegradation of the PLA blend, and some control over biodegradation rates was achievable.
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Abioye, Abiodun Ayodeji, Oreofe Praise Oluwadare, and Oluwabunmi Pamilerin Abioye. "Environmental Impact on Biodegradation Speed and Biodegradability of Polyethylene and Ipomoea Batatas Starch Blend." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 41 (February 2019): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.41.145.

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All over the world, even in developing countries, plastics have quickly become one of the most common things found around. Unsurprisingly, this has caused a major waste management problem, particularly because synthetic polymers do not break down and degrade like organic waste. As a result, an alternative is being sought out in biopolymers. This study explores the suitability of a biopolymer blend;Ipomoea batatasmixed with low density polyethylene (LDPE) at various compositions. Biodegradation of this biopolymer blend was observed periodically when produced samples ofIpomoea batatas/LDPE were buried in loamy sand over a period of 28 days. Results show that produced biopolymers are environmentally compatible and bio-degradable. It was also observed that the sample blend with equal portions by weight ofIpomoea batatas(50%) and LDPE (50%) showed the most optimum pattern of degradation. There was steady degradation over the study period and the rate of degradation observed showed sustainability.
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Silva, Desiree Lameo, Larissa Oliveira Paulista, Pedro Henrique Presumido, Janksyn Bertozzi, Fabio Yamashita, Ana Paula Bilck, and Tatiane Cristina Dal Bosco. "Influence of Oat Hulls on Biodegradation of Biopolymer from Polylactic Acid." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 6, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_006.001_0001.

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The production of biopolymers has been shown to be one of the most viable alternatives for the reduction of the use of conventional plastics. The oat hulls are a by-product with great ability to be incorporated into the production of biopolymers since it is a lignocellulosic compound. The lignin present in its composition can improve the strength of the material, however, it can also hamper its degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation levels of composites produced from starch and polylactic acid with absence (T1) and presence of oat hulls (T2) through the Sturm test. In T2 it was a more uniform and smooth biopolymer. In addition, the use of oat hulls favored CO2 production, 8% more than T1. Although the loss of dry mass in T1 was 3% higher, it was possible to observe degradation in T2.
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Mohan, TP, Kay Devchand, and K. Kanny. "Barrier and biodegradable properties of corn starch-derived biopolymer film filled with nanoclay fillers." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 33, no. 3 (December 18, 2016): 309–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087916682553.

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The objective of this work is to study the effect of nanoclay fillers on the biodegradation and barrier properties of corn starch polymer-based biofilm. Starch derived from corn plant source was used to prepare a biofilm by plasticization method. The barrier properties, namely, water absorption, moisture permeation, oxygen permeation and swelling of unfilled and nanoclay-filled corn starch biofilms were examined. The results indicate: ∼22% reduced water absorption, 40% reduced moisture uptake, 30% reduced oxygen permeation and 31% reduced swelling for 2–3 wt.% nanoclay-filled biofilm, when compared with unfilled biopolymer. The biodegradation result of unfilled and nanoclay-filled film series indicates that the nanoclay addition delays the biodegradation and is a function of nanoclay content in the film. The tensile, dynamic mechanical analysis and biodegradable studies were conducted on the biopolymers before and after water absorption, and the result shows that the nanoclay-filled biopolymer increased these properties when compared with unfilled biopolymer even after water absorption and is dependent on the nanocomposite structure and morphology as examined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis.
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Khan, Elena, Kadir Ozaltin, Andres Bernal-Ballen, and Antonio Di Martino. "Renewable Mixed Hydrogels Based on Polysaccharide and Protein for Release of Agrochemicals and Soil Conditioning." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 10439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810439.

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The study deals with the combination of biopolymers to develop hydrogels intended for agriculture application. The aim is to propose a renewable and eco-compatible solution to enhance agrochemicals and water efficiency and contribute to maintaining soil fertility. We developed a set of hydrogels based on casein and chitosan for water retention and release of agrochemicals, in particular nitrogen fertilizer urea. The weight ratio of biopolymers, from 0.5 to 2, was investigated to understand the influence of their content on the morphology, swelling, swelling-drying cycles, and water retention in soil. The average content of urea in the hydrogels was 30% of the total weight, and up to 80% was released in the soil in 50 days. The biodegradation of the hydrogels in soil has been investigated by the burial method and monitoring the release of CO2. Results demonstrated that by increasing the content of chitosan, the biodegradation time is prolonged up to 20% in 90 days. The obtained results support the ultimate purpose of the work that the combination of two biopolymers at proper weight ratio could be a valid alternative of the marketed hydrogels with the final goal to promote soil fertility and water retention and prolong biodegradation.
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Boey, Jet Yin, Lydia Mohamad, Yong Sen Khok, Guan Seng Tay, and Siti Baidurah. "A Review of the Applications and Biodegradation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Poly(lactic acid) and Its Composites." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101544.

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Overconsumption of plastic goods and improper handling of petroleum-derived plastic waste have brought a plethora of negative impacts to the environment, ecosystem and human health due to its recalcitrance to degradation. These drawbacks become the main driving force behind finding biopolymers with the degradable properties. With the advancement in biopolymer research, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and poly(lacyic acid) (PLA) and its composites have been alluded to as a potential alternative to replace the petrochemical counterpart. This review highlights the current synthesis process and application of PHAs and PLA and its composites for food packaging materials and coatings. These biopolymers can be further ameliorated to enhance their applicability and are discussed by including the current commercially available packaging products. Factors influencing biodegradation are outlined in the latter part of this review. The main aim of this review article is to organize the scattered available information on various aspects of PHAs and PLA, and its composites for packaging application purposes. It is evident from a literature survey of about 140 recently published papers from the past 15 years that PLA and PHA show excellent physical properties as potential food packaging materials.
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Majeed, Zahid, Nur Kamila Ramli, Nurlidia Binti Mansor, and Zakaria Man. "Lignin Loading Effect on Biodegradability and Nitrogen Release Properties of Urea Modified Tapioca Starch in Wet Soil." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.798.

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Plant based biopolymers are abundantly and easily available naturally biodegradable raw materials to prepare slow release nitrogen technologies. To test the lignin loading effect on biodegradability of the slow release fertilizer (SRF) and nitrogen release applications, a pot experiment under real soil conditions was conducted. Lignin at different loading percentages 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were mixed with urea-modified tapioca starch acting as slow release fertilizer (SRF). Increasing the percentage of lignin to starch reduced the weight loss with improved nitrogen slow release properties in wet soil. Soil microbial biomass was negatively correlated with increase of lignin percentages. Lignin is a low cost biopolymer and can be used to improve starch biodegradation and its slow release nitrogen properties.
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Castellani, Francesco, Alessandro Esposito, Vitale Stanzione, and Roberto Altieri. "Measuring the Biodegradability of Plastic Polymers in Olive-Mill Waste Compost with an Experimental Apparatus." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6909283.

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The use of biodegradable polymers is spreading in agriculture to replace those materials derived from petroleum, thus reducing the environmental concerns. However, to issue a significant assessment, biodegradation rate must be measured in case-specific standardized conditions. In accordance with ISO 14855-1, we designed and used an experimental apparatus to evaluate the biodegradation rate of three biopolymers based on renewable resources, two poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composites, and a compatibilized polylactic acid and polybutyrate (PLA/PBAT) blend. Biodegradation tests were carried out under composting condition using mature olive-mill waste (OMW) compost as inoculum. Carbon dioxide emissions were automatically recorded by infrared gas detectors and also trapped in saturated Ba(OH)2 solution and evaluated via a standard titration method to check the results. Some of the samples reached more than 80% biodegradation in less than 20 days. Both the experimental apparatus and the OMW compost showed to be suitable for the cases studied.
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Hasan, SM Kamrul, S. Zainuddin, J. Tanthongsack, MV Hosur, and L. Allen. "A study of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biofilms’ thermal and biodegradable properties reinforced with halloysite nanotubes." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 23 (March 8, 2018): 3199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318763246.

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The aim of this study is to investigate and optimize the performance of a promising biopolymer, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) which can potentially replace non-biodegradable synthetic polymers derived from toxic petroleum products. Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biofilms were prepared using solvent casting method, and its thermal properties were determined using thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Also, the durability and biodegradability of these films were studied by keeping the samples in water and Alabama soil conditions for various lengths of time. Our results showed that the thermal and moisture resistance of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biopolymer can be enhanced significantly with the addition of low halloysite nanotubes concentrations. Also, the biodegradation process of the poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) films was faster with the addition of halloysite nanotubes attributed to the accelerated microbial microorganism reaction in the soil. This study led to cognize that the PHBV biopolymers added with halloysite nanotubes can be successfully used for various biomedical, industrial and structural applications, and then decompose at a desired faster rate afterward.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biopolymers – Biodegradation"

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Woolnough, Catherine Anne School of Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Science UNSW. "Biodegradation, surface rugosities and biofilm coverage of biopolymers." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30426.

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The increasing concern for sustainability and progress of medical research has resulted in the emergence of a wide range of biopolymers. The biodegradability of these alternative biopolymers requires investigation prior to their application in environmental and medical systems. This Thesis describes biodegradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(HB-co-HV)), poly(3- hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO), poly-DL-lactide (PDLL), poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide (PDLLG) and ethyl cellulose (EC). Polymers were buried in garden soil for in vivo biodegradation experiments and a mixed population of microbes from the soil were incubated in laboratory in vitro biodegradation experiments. In both systems the short chain length PHA???s degraded rapidly and the medium chain length PHAs and other biomaterials displayed either slow or negligible weight loss. PHB and P(HB-co-HV) copolymers degraded to T50 6.7 to 9.7 times faster in vitro than in vivo. After 380 days burial in soil PHO had lost 60 % of the original 20 mg weight, PDLL 28 % and PDLLG 35 %. Ethyl cellulose and polystyrene did not biodegrade, Polymer-microbe surface interactions were investigated. The faster degrading polymers PHB and P(HB-co-HV) attracted a higher coverage of biofilm than the slower degrading polymers PHO, PDLL and PDLLG for both the in vitro and in vivo experiments. The non-degradable polymers (EC and polystyrene) attracted no biofilm. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated a positive correlation between biofilm coverage and polymer weight loss. Additionally the rougher air sides of solvent cast films attracted more biofilm than the smoother dish sides. Polymer surface changes were quantified with microscopy. Surface roughness of PHB, P(HB-co-8HV) and PHO increased during biodegradation, primarily due to an increase in the waviness component for both in vitro and in vivo degradation. In vitro methods provided a rapid mechanism for protocol development and sufficiently predicted both surface roughness changes and biofilm-biodegradation relationships in vivo. PHB and P(HB-co-8HV) were blended with the biodegradable antifouling agent 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOI or Sea Nine 211). DCOI leached slowly from the films into the soil delaying biodegradation of the films until a lower residual level of DCOI remained. Biofouling was reduced on PHA films containing DCOI.
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Dagnon, Koffi Leonard D'Souza Nandika Anne. "Thermophysical, interfacial and decomposition analyses of polyhydroxyalkanoates introduced against organic and inorganic surfaces." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12111.

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Dagnon, Koffi Leonard. "Thermophysical, Interfacial and Decomposition Analyses of Polyhydroxyalkanoates introduced against Organic and Inorganic Surfaces." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12111/.

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The development of a "cradle-to-cradle" mindset with both material performance during utilization and end of life disposal is a critical need for both ecological and economic considerations. The main limitation to the use of the biopolymers is their mechanical properties. Reinforcements are therefore a good alternative but disposal concerns then arise. Thus the objective of this dissertation is to investigate a biopolymer nanocomposite where the filler is a synthetically prepared layer double hydroxide (inorganic interface); and a biopolymer paper (organic interface) based coating or laminate. The underlying issues driving performance are the packing density of the biopolymer and the interaction with the reinforcement. Since the polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHAs (the biopolymers used for the manufacture of the nanocomposites and coatings) are semicrystalline materials, the glass transition was investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and dielectric spectroscopy (DES), whereas the melt crystallization, cold crystallization and melting points were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to estimate crystallinity in the coated material given the low thermal mass of the PHA in the PHA coating. The significant enhancement of the crystallization rate in the PHA nanocomposite was probed using DSC and polarized optical microscopy (POM) and analyzed using Avrami and Lauritzen-Hoffman models. Both composites showed a significant improvement in the mechanical performance obtained by DMA, tensile and impact testing. The degradation and decomposition of the two composites were investigated in low microbial activity soil for the cellulose paper (to slow down the degradation rate that occurs in compost) and in compost. An in-house system according to the American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM D-98 (2003) was engineered. Soil decomposition showed that PHA coating into and onto the cellulose paper can be considered to be a useful method for the assessment of the degradability of the biopolymer. PHA nanocomposite showed enhanced compostability.
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Casiano-Maldonado, Madalis. "Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Characterization of Synthetic Polymers, Biopolymers, Biodegradation Products and Their Interactions." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1332962590.

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Pickens, Mark Everett. "Design and Validation of an Automated Multiunit Composting System." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12184/.

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This thesis covers the design of an automated multiunit composting system (AMUCS) that was constructed to meet the experimental apparatus requirements of the ASTM D5338 standard. The design of the AMUCS is discussed in full detail and validated with two experiments. The first experiment was used to validate the operation of the AMUCS with a 15 day experiment. During this experiment visual observations were made to visually observe degradation. Thermal properties and stability tests were performed to quantify the effects of degradation on the polymer samples, and the carbon metabolized from the degradation of samples was measured. The second experiment used the AMUCS to determine the effect of synthetic clay nanofiller on the aerobic biodegradability behavior of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate).
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Askanian, Haroutioun. "Etude de la durabilité de matériaux respectueux de l'environnement / biocomposites." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661106.

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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans les thèmes de la photodégradation et de la biodégradation de polymère pouvant être ou non d'origine renouvelable. Il a pour principal objectif d'étudier la durabilité photochimique de différents polymères ou mélanges de polymères utilisés en particulier dans l'agriculture et donc soumis à un vieillissement climatique. La structure chimique des polymères est un des principaux paramètres susceptible d'influencer la photodégradation. Un ensemble de (co)polyesters comportant des unités aliphatiques, cycliques et / ou aromatiques a été sélectionné dans le but d'exprimer une relation structure / photodurabilité. Le photovieillissement des matériaux a été réalisé en conditions naturelles et en conditions accélérées. Des mécanismes de photo-oxydation ont été proposés pour chacun des matériaux à partir de l'évolution des propriétés viscoélastiques traduisant celle de la structure macromoléculaire. Dans ce contexte, l'étude de la durabilité de ces matériaux respectueux de l'environnement doit s'intéresser à des systèmes extrêmement complexes dont chaque constituant est susceptible d'évoluer. Cette caractéristique exige de mettre au point une méthodologie permettant de déterminer la composition d'un biocomposite et d'en suivre les modifications en cours de vieillissement en même temps que l'évolution de la structuration de ces matériaux.
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Raicher, Gil. "Análise econômica da produção de polímeros biodegradáveis no contexto de uma biorefinaria a partir de cana-de-açúcar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-27092011-155657/.

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Polihidroxialcanoatos são polímeros biodegradáveis, sintetizados por bactérias a partir de fontes de carbono renováveis. Este trabalho se concentra na produção de P3HB a partir de xilose no contexto de uma usina padrão de álcool e açúcar que produz energia através de cogeração, utiliza resíduos agrícolas de cana-de-açúcar e passaria a produzir etanol de segunda geração a partir do bagaço. A produção de PHAs a partir de xilose, hoje descartada, poderá viabilizar a geração de etanol de segunda geração. Variou-se a produtividade (0,28 e 1,11 g/L.h), o preço (R$ 4,50 R$ 9,00), o custo do fermentador (três cenários entre US$ 475 - 3.013 mil) e a capacidade produtiva da planta (dez cenários de 1.000 a 35.000 mil t/ano). As visões de resultado oferecem a margem de contribuição, lucratividade líquida da operação, bem como o ponto de breakeven. Recomenda-se redirecionar parte dos esforços de pesquisa voltados a um aumento do teor de P3HB na célula para a melhoria da produtividade do processo, que é o fator-chave para que o processo se torne economicamente mais atrativo.
Polyihydroxyalkanoates are biodegradable polymers, synthetized by bacteria from renewable sources of carbon. This thesis focuses on production of P3HB from xylose in the context of a standard sugar and ethanol plant, cogenerates steam and electrical energy utilizing sugarcane bagasse and agricultural residues. PHAs production from xylose, discarded in most mills nowadays, may enable profitability of 2nd generation bioethanol. Productivity varied from 0,28 to 1,11 g/L.h, and PHB price ranged from R$ 4,50 to R$ 9,00 per kilo. Fermentor cost was studied in 3 scenarios from US$ 475 to 3.013 thousand and the production capacity was analyzed in ten different scenarios, from 1,000 to 35,000 thousand tonnes/year. Result reviews offer contribution margin, net operational profit, as well as breakeven point analysis. Recommended is to redirect part of the research efforts from improving P3HB yields to process productivity improvement, which turned out to be the key factor to economic feasibility.
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Paluchová, Natálie. "Vliv biodegradace bioplastů na kvalitu půdy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449334.

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V poslední době se pozornost polečnosti obrátila k mikroplastům. Jsou produkovány různými odvětvími a šíří se napříč prostředím. Po dlouhou dobu byly považovány za inertní, bez dalšího vlivu na rostliny a jiné živé organismy, avšak jak zjistily nedávné studie, mohly by představovat vážnou hrozbu. Několik vědců, včetně nás, se proto začalo soustředit na jejich transport a transformace v životním prostředí. Většina se však zaměřuje pouze na jejich přítomnost v mořských a sladkých vodách, a proto jejich chování ve vzduchu a půdě zůstává nejasné. Kromě toho byla pozornost soustředěna i na bioplasty. Jsou prezentována jako ekologická alternativa, která má vyřešit všechny dosud zmíněné problémy (a další). Avšak často se zapomíná, že jejich hlavní výhoda může být zároveň nevýhodou. Z tohoto důvodu se tato diplomová práce zaměřuje na negativní účinky spojené s přítomností mikroplastů (konkrétně bioplastu poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrátu) v půdě jako jejich běžný receptor. Kombinovali jsme respirometrii, elementární analýzu, termogravimetrii a enzymatické testy, abychom zkoumali fyzikálně-chemické změny v půdě vyvolané přítomností bioplastu. Naše výsledky ukázaly negativní vliv na půdní organickou hmotu a zadržování vody v půdě. V tomto smyslu byl zkoumán i tzv. "priming effect", jelikož docházelo k urychlení a také zpomalení rozkladu půdní organické hmoty. Zaznamenali jsme rozdílný vliv vybraných koncentrací biopolymeru na půdu a také vliv půdních vlastností na průběh degradace. V neposlední řadě zvýšení enzymatické aktivity jasně naznačovalo vliv přítomnosti biopolymeru na mikrobiální komunitu. Na základě takových zjištění jsme došli k závěru, že přidání biopolymeru vede k dlouhodobému dopadu na řadu funkcí půdního ekosystému.
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Burlein, Gustavo André Dias. "Avaliação das propriedades de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), poli(3-hidroxibutirato) (PHB) e de suas misturas com torta de mamona." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1561.

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A procura por novos materiais que possam substituir parcial ou totalmente os derivados do petróleo, representa um desafio para os pesquisadores na área de ciências dos materiais. Dentro deste contexto, o desenvolvimento de materiais biodegradáveis surge como uma das opções viáveis. A introdução de biopolímeros ou aditivos naturais nas formulações de poliolefinas, utilizadas na indústria de embalagens, tem sido objeto de estudo de vários trabalhos de pesquisa. Acelerar a degradação desses materiais, de modo que a razão custo/benefício de sua produção seja favorável, é um dos objetivos desses estudos. Tem sido relatado que a adição de polidroxibutirato (PHB) à poliolefinas pode contribuir para acelerar a degradação desses materiais. Neste trabalho, misturas de polietileno (PEBD) e PHB foram preparadas em extrusora de rosca dupla, utilizando como carga, a torta de mamona, subproduto do biodiesel. Há um número muito escasso de trabalhos versando sobre a utilização da torta de mamona como aditivo na indústria de plásticos. Há, entretanto, necessidade de se encontrar maiores aplicações para esse resíduo, de forma a tornar a cadeia produtiva do biodiesel mais viável. A avaliação da biodegradação dos produtos obtidos é um dos objetivos específicos deste trabalho. A processabilidade dos materiais e as propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas por meio dos ensaios convencionais prescritos pelas normas ASTM.. As metodologias de planejamento de experimentos: planejamento fatorial e modelagem de misturas foram utilizadas, respectivamente, para determinação das melhores condições de processamento e para avaliar o efeito da proporção dos componentes das misturas nas propriedades obtidas. O software Minitab foi usado com esta finalidade. A morfologia das misturas foi avaliada através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A biodegradação foi avaliada em solo simulado por diferentes períodos de tempo através de determinações de perda de massa das amostras. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a adição do PHB e da mamona ao PEBD levam a obtenção de propriedades superiores de flexão e ao aumento de Módulo de Young. A resistência à tração e as propriedades de impacto do PEBD se deterioraram com a adição do PHB, assim como com a adição da carga. As misturas ternárias com maior teor de PHB apresentaram biodegradação mais acentuada. A mistura com a composição polietileno, poli(3-hidroxibutirato) e torta de mamona ( 70%/20%/10%) sofreu degradação mais acelerada que as misturas binárias. Este fato sugere que a torta de mamona catalisa a degradação dos materiais, fato este que pode ser atribuído à morfologia da mistura ternária.
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Sambha'a, Lionel. "Contribution à l'étude de la structure et de la texture du PLA : Effet de la dégradation hydrothermale." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703992.

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Le risque d'épuisement de ressources naturelles fossiles à partir desquelles nombres d'oléfines sont fabriqués, a permis le développement de nouveaux matériaux polymères, 100% renouvelables dénommés biopolymères. L'acide poly lactique est sans doute le plus prometteur d'entre eux. D'origine naturelle, ce polyester est synthétisé à partir d'aliments riches en amidon tels que le maïs, la betterave ou la pomme de terre. Son caractère biodégradable lui offre un large éventail d'applications dans les domaines aussi variés et divers que la médecine, le bâtiment, l'industrie automobile, le biomédicale ou encore le textile habillement. Ce travail consiste à étudier la structure et la texture de l'isomère mixte (PDLA) et de déterminer l'incidence de sa morphologie sur les propriétés mécaniques et tinctoriales requises pour des applications textiles. Nous avons par des méthodes spectrales, caractérisé le polymère afin d'en déterminer entre autre, la composition massique, et la stéréorégularité, paramètres très importants ayant une forte influence sur les propriétés mécaniques du polymère, notamment la stabilité thermique ou la résistance à l'hydrolyse. Nos expériences menées sur la stabilité thermique du polymère révèlent que le polymère est susceptible de s'hydrolyser sous l'action combinée de l'eau, de la température et du pH, entraînant ainsi une diminution de la masse moléculaire, donc, une perte de propriétés mécaniques de la fibre.Le PLA est également un polymère qui supporte mal la teinture, et seuls les colorants dispersés sont susceptibles de teinte cette fibre sous certaines conditions. L'étude de la cinétique de fixation de trois colorants dispersés sur la fibre de PLA à permis d'établir une relation entre la structure du colorant et ses propriétés tinctoriales.
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Books on the topic "Biopolymers – Biodegradation"

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International Centre of Biopolymer Technology, International Conference on Biopolymer Technology (1st : 1999 : Coimbra, Portugal), International Conference on Biopolymer Technology (2nd : 2000 : Ischia, Italy), and Knovel (Firm), eds. Biorelated polymers: Sustainable polymer science and technology. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2001.

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Environmentally degradable materials based on multicomponent polymeric systems. Leiden: Brill, 2009.

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Tsuji, Hideto. Degradation of poly (lactide)- based biodegradable materials. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Ross, Shari. The importance of bacterial roles in the degradation of phaeocystis polymers. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 2000.

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Green polymer chemistry: Biocatalysis and biomaterials. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2010.

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Scholz, Carmen. Polymers from renewable resources: Carbohydrates and agroproteins. Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society, 2000.

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Scholz, Carmen. Polymers from renewable resources: Biopolyesters and biocatalysts. Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society, 2000.

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(Editor), Shuichi Matsumura, and Alexander Steinbüchel (Editor), eds. Miscellaneous Biopolymers and Biodegradation of Synthetic Polymers (Biopolymers, Vol. 9). Wiley-VCH, 2003.

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1957-, Gross Richard A., and Scholz Carmen 1963-, eds. Biopolymers from polysaccharides and agroproteins. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001.

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Biopolymers from Polysaccharides and Agroproteins. An American Chemical Society Publication, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biopolymers – Biodegradation"

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Shi, Bo, Vasily Topolkaraev, and James Wang. "Biopolymers, Processing, and Biodegradation." In ACS Symposium Series, 117–32. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1063.ch008.

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Denchev, Z. Z. "Biodegradation Studies of Polymer Blends and Composites Comprising Biopolymers." In Handbook of Engineering Biopolymers, 799–846. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446442504.027.

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Fakirov, S. "Gelatin and Gelatin-Based Biodegradable Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Biodegradation Behavior." In Handbook of Engineering Biopolymers, 417–64. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446442504.014.

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Selvaraj, Chandrabose, and Sanjeev Kumar Singh. "Eco-friendly Microbial Biopolymers: Recent Development, Biodegradation, and Applications." In Microbial Polymers, 547–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0045-6_22.

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Rodríguez, L. Joana, and Carlos E. Orrego. "Influence of Natural Fibers and Biopolymers on the Biocomposites Biodegradation." In Value-Added Biocomposites, 35–63. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003137535-2.

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Muniyasamy, Sudhakar, Özgür Seydibeyoğlu, Boopalan Thulasinathan, and A. Arun. "Biopolymer Synthesis and Biodegradation." In Sustainable Biotechnology- Enzymatic Resources of Renewable Energy, 399–421. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95480-6_15.

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Mary, Siji K., Prasanth Kumar Sasidharan Pillai, Deepa Bhanumathy Amma, Laly A. Pothen, and Sabu Thomas. "Aging and Biodegradation of Biocomposites." In Handbook of Biopolymer-Based Materials, 777–99. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527652457.ch26.

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Nair, N. R., V. C. Sekhar, K. M. Nampoothiri, and A. Pandey. "Biodegradation of Biopolymers." In Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 739–55. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63662-1.00032-4.

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"Biodegradation Study of Polyurethane for Therapeutic Applications." In Biopolymers and Biomaterials, 283–96. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2018.: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315161983-23.

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Ananno, A. A. "Versatile Applications of Degradable Plastic." In Degradation of Plastics, 238–68. m, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901335-10.

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In the last 50 years, plastics has become a favorite industry for packaging materials for their ease of manufacture and excellent performance. The advancement of food, electronics, automobile, medical and agricultural industries has increased the demand for packaging and casing materials made of large hydrocarbon polymers. Since plastics show resistance to biodegradation, they pose considerable threats to the environment. Degradable plastics and biopolymers offer promising solutions to this problem. Degradable plastics can be easily absorbed in the environment while exhibiting the properties of conventional plastics. There are three types of biopolymers according to their source: biomass extracted polymers, synthesized from microorganisms and produced from bio-derived monomers. Biodegradable plastics are commonly used in one-off packaging such as crockery, food service containers and cutlery. Although biodegradable plastics can replace conventional plastics in a lot of applications, their performance and cost are sometimes problematic. This chapter analyses the growth of the degradable plastic industry and explores their potential applications.
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Conference papers on the topic "Biopolymers – Biodegradation"

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Waly, Gihan H., Inas S. Abdel Hamid, Mohamed A. Sharaf, Mona K. Marei, and Naglaa A. Mostafa. "Evaluation of Hybrid Chitosan-Cellulose Biodegradable Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47068.

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Natural polymers continue to provide effective biocompatible scaffolds for use in tissue engineering applications. In some respects, their chemical structure closely mimics that of the extracelluar matrix of biological tissues. Eventhough a wide variety of biopolymers can be used for these applications, no single polymer has been yet found to fulfill all requirements needed in a scaffold material. In an attempt to combine the advantages of two natural polymers, hybrid scaffolds of chitosan/cellulose constructs had been evaluated as candidates for tissue engineering applications. Four groups of hybrid chitosan/cellulose scaffolds were prepared with different cellulose concentrations. The surface and bulk porosities scaffolds have been examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM photographs revealed that all hybrid scaffold groups exhibited an interconnected highly porous structure. Percent porosity and pore volume distribution were evaluated using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The scaffolds were mechanically tested to evaluate their compressive strength. The biodegradation rate in lysozyme-containing saline had been also determined over a six week period. The MIP results showed that all scaffolds had percent porosity in excess of 75% and that the percent porosity decreased by increasing the cellulose concentration. The incremental intrusion versus diameter curves revealed that most of the scaffolds porosity occurred in the macro-scale. The compressive strength of the scaffold showed an increase with an increase in the cellulose concentration. However, the biodegradation rate was found to vary inversely with the cellulose content in the hybrid. In order to evaluate the cytocompatibility of the chitosan-based scaffolds, mesenchymal stem cells were statically seeded and their attachment had been evaluated. The results revealed that after three and eight day of seeding, the scaffolds became highly populated with cells. This serves as a clear indicatation that the scaffolds thus investigated promote cell attachment and support cell proliferation and proliferation. Thus, the investigated scaffolds are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications.
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Alagic, Edin, Nicole Dopffel, Gunhild Bødtker, Beate Hovland, Soujatya Mukherjee, Pankaj Kumar, and Meindert Dillen. "Biodegradation Mitigation and Protection Strategies for the Biopolymer Schizophyllan." In SPE Europec. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200562-ms.

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