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Journal articles on the topic 'Biomolecules 2'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Smith, Soshana, Katarina Goodge, Michael Delaney, Ariel Struzyk, Nicole Tansey, and Margaret Frey. "A Comprehensive Review of the Covalent Immobilization of Biomolecules onto Electrospun Nanofibers." Nanomaterials 10, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10112142.

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Biomolecule immobilization has attracted the attention of various fields such as fine chemistry and biomedicine for their use in several applications such as wastewater, immunosensors, biofuels, et cetera. The performance of immobilized biomolecules depends on the substrate and the immobilization method utilized. Electrospun nanofibers act as an excellent substrate for immobilization due to their large surface area to volume ratio and interconnectivity. While biomolecules can be immobilized using adsorption and encapsulation, covalent immobilization offers a way to permanently fix the material to the fiber surface resulting in high efficiency, good specificity, and excellent stability. This review aims to highlight the various covalent immobilization techniques being utilized and their benefits and drawbacks. These methods typically fall into two categories: (1) direct immobilization and (2) use of crosslinkers. Direct immobilization techniques are usually simple and utilize the strong electrophilic functional groups on the nanofiber. While crosslinkers are used as an intermediary between the nanofiber substrate and the biomolecule, with some crosslinkers being present in the final product and others simply facilitating the reactions. We aim to provide an explanation of each immobilization technique, biomolecules commonly paired with said technique and the benefit of immobilization over the free biomolecule.

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2

Tian, Yuan, and Karin Larsson. "Effect by Diamond Surface Modification on Biomolecular Adhesion." Materials 12, no. 6 (March 15, 2019): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060865.

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Diamond, as material, show very attractive properties. They include superior electronic properties (when doped), chemical inertness, controllable surface termination, and biocompatibility. It is thus clear that surface termination is very important for those applications where the implant material is based on diamond. The present theoretical work has focused on the effect of diamond surface termination, in combination with type of surface plane, on the adhesion of important biomolecules for vascularization and bone regeneration. These biomolecules include Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD), Chitosan, Heparin, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2), Angiopoietin 1 (AGP1), Fibronectin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The various surface planes are diamond diamond (100)-2x1 and (111). The theoretical results show that the non-covalent binding of these biomolecules is in proportion with their molecular weights. Moreover, three groups of biomolecules were observed for both types of surface planes. The most strongly binding biomolecule was the BMP2 molecule. The smaller polypeptides (RGD, Chitosan and Heparin) formed a less strongly binding group. Finally, the biomolecules VEGF, Fibronectin and Angiopoietin showed bond strengths numerically in between the other two groups (thereby forming a third group). Moreover, the (111) surface was generally observed to display a stronger bonding of the biomolecules, as compared with the (100)-2x1 surface.

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Chuang, Yun-Ju, Mei-Jung Chen, and Pei-Ru Chen. "Fabrication and Permeability Characteristics of Microdialysis Probe Using Chitosan Nanoporous Membrane." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/968098.

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In this article, a nanoporous chitosan polymer membrane was successfully produced and applied as microdialysis membrane forin vitrosampling of biomolecules. With the use of nanoparticle leaching technique, porogenic gelatin nanoparticles formed nanopores in the chitosan-based membrane to create a secure implantable nanoporous membrane for biomolecule sampling. The gelatin nanoparticles size was in the range of 45 to 70 nm, and the pore size of the chitosan membrane was around 40 to 100 nm. The porosity of membrane was found to be dependent on the mixing ratio of chitosan solution and gelatin nanoparticles solution. The results of diffusion study showed that we can alter the mixing ratio of porogen to achieve size-selective molecular diffusion, which means that the porosity and cut-off size of porous membrane can be controlled. The recoveries of the probe fabricated from the chitosan-based membrane were examined for four different model compounds of different molecular weights: 2-NBDG, substance P, TNF-α, and FITC-BSA. The microdialysis probes showed linear responses and substantial recovery to various concentrations of biomolecules. These results indicated that the microdialysis probe constructed by chitosan nanoporous membrane could sample and monitor the biomoleculesin vitroand has the potential for the applicationin vivo.

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4

Bao, Gang. "Mechanics of biomolecules." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 50, no. 11 (November 2002): 2237–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5096(02)00035-2.

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5

Einarsson, Roland, Ingvar Sjöholm, and Jörgen Vessman. "Biomolecules — analytical options." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 7, no. 9 (October 1988): 315–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-9936(88)90019-2.

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6

ZHAO, PEIJI, DWIGHT WOOLARD, JORGE M. SEMINARIO, and ROBERT TREW. "TOWARDS SENSING SINGLE OR A FEW BIO-MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURES: DESIGN OF FUNCTIONAL SURFACES." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 01 (March 2008): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156408005266.

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There is considerable interest in electrical sensing of biomolecular binding since it has the potential to be label free, to work easily in aqueous environments native to the biomolecules, and to be integrated with small, fast, and inexpensive microelectronoics as detection instrumentation. Although electrochemical methods have been used successfully in detections of DNA molecules with Ag labels at very high sensitivity (~ p ml), detection of DNA molecules in terms of label free techniques has a lower sensitivity (~ μ ml). Here, the surface attachment chemistry is critical towards the detection of ultra-low concentration of biomolecules. In this article, based on density functional theory, we have calculated and analyzed the electrical characteristics of the contact between aromatic molecules and silicon (100) − 2×1 surfaces. Design principles for silicon based electrodes of electrochemically biomolecular sensing instruments for label-free sensing of single or a few biomolecular molecules have also been discussed.

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7

Muniyappan, Srinivasan, Yuxi Lin, Young-Ho Lee, and Jin Hae Kim. "17O NMR Spectroscopy: A Novel Probe for Characterizing Protein Structure and Folding." Biology 10, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060453.

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Oxygen is a key atom that maintains biomolecular structures, regulates various physiological processes, and mediates various biomolecular interactions. Oxygen-17 (17O), therefore, has been proposed as a useful probe that can provide detailed information about various physicochemical features of proteins. This is attributed to the facts that (1) 17O is an active isotope for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic approaches; (2) NMR spectroscopy is one of the most suitable tools for characterizing the structural and dynamical features of biomolecules under native-like conditions; and (3) oxygen atoms are frequently involved in essential hydrogen bonds for the structural and functional integrity of proteins or related biomolecules. Although 17O NMR spectroscopic investigations of biomolecules have been considerably hampered due to low natural abundance and the quadruple characteristics of the 17O nucleus, recent theoretical and technical developments have revolutionized this methodology to be optimally poised as a unique and widely applicable tool for determining protein structure and dynamics. In this review, we recapitulate recent developments in 17O NMR spectroscopy to characterize protein structure and folding. In addition, we discuss the highly promising advantages of this methodology over other techniques and explain why further technical and experimental advancements are highly desired.

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8

Yadav, R. A., P. N. S. Yadav, and J. S. Yadav. "Vibrational studies of biomolecules. I. 2-Thiouracil." Proceedings / Indian Academy of Sciences 100, no. 1 (February 1988): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02839530.

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9

Yadav, R. A., P. N. S. Yadav, and J. S. Yadav. "Vibrational studies of biomolecules—II. 2-thiocytosine." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy 44, no. 11 (January 1988): 1201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(88)80093-x.

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10

Miyagi, Masaru, and Takhar Kasumov. "Monitoring the synthesis of biomolecules using mass spectrometry." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2079 (October 28, 2016): 20150378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0378.

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The controlled and selective synthesis/clearance of biomolecules is critical for most cellular processes. In most high-throughput ‘omics’ studies, we measure the static quantities of only one class of biomolecules (e.g. DNA, mRNA, proteins or metabolites). It is, however, important to recognize that biological systems are highly dynamic in which biomolecules are continuously renewed and different classes of biomolecules interact and affect each other's production/clearance. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the turnover of diverse classes of biomolecules to understand the dynamic nature of biological systems. Herein, we explain why the kinetic analysis of a diverse range of biomolecules is important and how such an analysis can be done. We argue that heavy water ( 2 H 2 O) could be a universal tracer for monitoring the synthesis of biomolecules on a global scale. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Quantitative mass spectrometry’.

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11

Kurimoto, Rio, Kei Kanie, Naokazu Idota, Mitsuo Hara, Shusaku Nagano, Takehiko Tsukahara, Yuji Narita, et al. "Combinational Effect of Cell Adhesion Biomolecules and Their Immobilized Polymer Property to Enhance Cell-Selective Adhesion." International Journal of Polymer Science 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2090985.

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Although surface immobilization of medical devices with bioactive molecules is one of the most widely used strategies to improve biocompatibility, the physicochemical properties of the biomaterials significantly impact the activity of the immobilized molecules. Herein we investigate the combinational effects of cell-selective biomolecules and the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the polymeric substrate on selective adhesion of endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts (FBs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). To control the polymeric substrate, biomolecules are immobilized on thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-carboxyisopropylacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-CIPAAm))-grafted glass surfaces. By switching the molecular conformation of the biomolecule-immobilized polymers, the cell-selective adhesion performances are evaluated. In case of RGDS (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) peptide-immobilized surfaces, all cell types adhere well regardless of the surface hydrophobicity. On the other hand, a tri-Arg-immobilized surface exhibits FB-selectivity when the surface is hydrophilic. Additionally, a tri-Ile-immobilized surface exhibits EC-selective cell adhesion when the surface is hydrophobic. We believe that the proposed concept, which is used to investigate the biomolecule-immobilized surface combination, is important to produce new biomaterials, which are highly demanded for medical implants and tissue engineering.

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12

Borrajo, Mireya L., and María José Alonso. "Using nanotechnology to deliver biomolecules from nose to brain — peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies and RNA." Drug Delivery and Translational Research 12, no. 4 (November 3, 2021): 862–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-01086-2.

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AbstractThere is a growing number of biomolecules, including peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies and RNA, that could be potentially used for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the realization of their potential is being hampered by the extraordinary difficulties these complex biomolecules have to reach the brain in therapeutically meaningful amounts. Nose-to-brain (N-to-B) delivery is now being investigated as a potential option for the direct transport of biomolecules from the nasal cavity to different brain areas. Here, we discuss how different technological approaches enhance this N-to-B transport, with emphasis on those that have shown a potential for clinical translation. We also analyse how the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers and their modification with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and targeting ligands affect their efficacy as N-to-B carriers for biomolecules. Graphical abstract

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13

Lhiaubet-Vallet, Virginie, and Miguel Angel Miranda. "Drug-biomolecule interactions in the excited states." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 12 (January 1, 2006): 2277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678122277.

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Drug-biomolecule interactions in the excited state are relevant from a photobiological point of view as they can be correlated with a number of photosensitization disorders such as photocarcinogenicity, photoallergy, phototoxicity, etc. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids and antibacterial fluoroquinolones have been selected as typical examples of photoactive drugs. Protein photosensitization has revealed photoadduct formation; the major amino acids involved are Tyr, Trp, and His. Generation of specific antibodies has allowed us to identify relevant structures of the drug epitopes. Then, drugs have been submitted to systematic steady-state and time-resolved studies on their photophysical properties, alone and in the presence of biomolecules: proteins, DNA, and their simple building blocks. The results are discussed in the framework of the chemical mechanisms underlying photosensitization by drugs and also in connection with the potential of drug excited states as (chiral) reporters for the binding sites of biomolecules.

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14

Dong, Qi, Mizuki Endo, Genki Kawamura, and Takeaki Ozawa. "Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation." Cells 11, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 3136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193136.

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The application of NIR to optogenetic systems is in great demand due to its superior properties enabling in vivo deep tissue penetration. Irradiation of NIR to tissue samples or cells rapidly generates heat locally. The resultant elevation in temperature affects cells at the molecular level because of the activation of the heat shock pathway and ROS generation. Nevertheless, few reports have presented detailed comparisons of the effects of the temperature change rate on signaling pathway biomolecules, especially those of rapid heat changes. Aiming at broadening the understanding of temperature sensitivity, we investigated seven insulin signaling pathway biomolecules (INSR, IRS1, Akt, GSK3β, p70S6K, FoxO1, and ERK1/2) in three cell lines (C2C12, HepG2, and Fao) at temperatures between 25 and 45 °C. The results show that, except for INSR, pAkt(T308), and FoxO1, biomolecules are sensitive to rapid temperature changes at temperatures higher than 42 °C, at which they are significantly phosphorylated. At 25 °C, around a 50% reduction in phosphorylation occurred. Moreover, p70S6K is sensitive over time. It dephosphorylates quickly (5 min) and then phosphorylates over time. Our findings extend the temperature range to 45 °C, while providing additional time course information about the signaling pathway biomolecule response necessary to advance NIR optogenetic research.

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15

Wales, David J. "Energy landscapes and properties of biomolecules." Physical Biology 2, no. 4 (November 9, 2005): S86—S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1478-3975/2/4/s02.

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16

Imparato, A., and L. Peliti. "Work distribution in manipulated single biomolecules." Physical Biology 6, no. 2 (July 1, 2009): 025011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1478-3975/6/2/025011.

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17

Epp, Chris. "Teaching the structures of small biomolecules." Biochemical Education 16, no. 3 (July 1988): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(88)90190-2.

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18

Harauz, George, and David K. Y. Chiu. "Covering events in eigenimages of biomolecules." Ultramicroscopy 38, no. 3-4 (December 1991): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(91)90164-2.

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19

Prince, Roger C. "Hopanoids: the world's most abundant biomolecules?" Trends in Biochemical Sciences 12 (January 1987): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(87)90222-2.

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20

Chou, Chia-Fu, Robert H. Austin, Olgica Bakajin, Jonas O. Tegenfeldt, Judith A. Castelino, Shirley S. Chan, Edward C. Cox, et al. "Sorting biomolecules with microdevices." Electrophoresis 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<81::aid-elps81>3.0.co;2-#.

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21

Podgornik, Rudolf. "Water and biomolecules—physical chemistry of life." Journal of Biological Physics 36, no. 3 (April 30, 2010): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10867-010-9188-2.

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22

Cleri, Fabrizio. "Microscopic mechanics of biomolecules in living cells." Scientific Modeling and Simulation SMNS 15, no. 1-3 (April 2008): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10820-008-9104-2.

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23

Pittia, Paola, and Attilio Cesàro. "Water Biophysics: How Water Interacts with Biomolecules." Food Biophysics 6, no. 2 (April 19, 2011): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11483-011-9223-2.

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24

Wang, Chenxi, Yuan Liu, Chunyan Bao, Yuan Xue, Yaowu Zhou, Dasheng Zhang, Qiuning Lin, and Linyong Zhu. "Phototriggered labeling and crosslinking by 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol derivatives with amine selectivity." Chemical Communications 56, no. 15 (2020): 2264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc09449k.

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25

DIMITRIJEVIC, NADA M., LINDA DE LA GARZA, and TIJANA RAJH. "LIGHT-INDUCED CHARGE SEPARATION ACROSS BIO-INORGANIC INTERFACE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 04 (February 10, 2009): 473–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209049942.

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Rational design of hybrid biomolecule — nanoparticulate semiconductor conjugates enables coupling of functionality of biomolecules with the capability of semiconductors for solar energy capture, that can have potential application in energy conversion, sensing and catalysis. The particular challenge is to obtain efficient charge separation analogous to the natural photosynthesis process. The synthesis of axially anisotropic TiO 2 nano-objects such as tubes, rods and bricks, as well as spherical and faceted nanoparticles has been developed in our laboratory. Depending on their size and shape, these nanostructures exhibit different domains of crystallinity, surface areas and aspect ratios. Moreover, in order to accommodate for high curvature in nanoscale regime, the surfaces of TiO 2 nano-objects reconstructs resulting in changes in the coordination of surface Ti atoms from octahedral (D2d) to square pyramidal structures (C4v). The formation of these coordinatively unsaturated Ti atoms, thus depends strongly on the size and shape of nanocrystallites and affects trapping and reactivity of photogenerated charges. We have exploited these coordinatively unsaturated Ti atoms to coupe electron-donating (such as dopamine) and electron-accepting (pyrroloquinoline quinone) conductive linkers that allow wiring of biomolecules and proteins resulting in enhanced charge separation which increases the yield of ensuing chemical transformations.

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26

Salzano, Angela, Alessio Cotticelli, Raffaele Marrone, Michael J. D’Occhio, Nunzia D’Onofrio, Gianluca Neglia, Rosa Luisa Ambrosio, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, and Giuseppe Campanile. "Effect of Breeding Techniques and Prolonged Post Dry Aging Maturation Process on Biomolecule Levels in Raw Buffalo Meat." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8040066.

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Recently, several concerns have been expressed on red meat quality and consumption. The aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of different breeding techniques and a prolonged post dry aging (PDA) maturation process on biomolecules level in raw buffalo meat. In the first experiment, two groups of animals were maintained with different space availability (15 vs. 10 m2/animal) for 90 days and biomolecules content was evaluated. In experiment 2, two diets (with or without ryegrass green forage) were used to assess the concentration of these biomolecules. Finally, in experiment 3, the meat of the animals that showed the highest content of biomolecules was chosen to assess the influence of the PDA maturation process. Buffaloes reared at 15 m2 showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher content of the considered biomolecules compared with their counterparts. Similarly, buffaloes fed green forage showed higher content of biomolecules (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. The meat of the animals bred at 15 m2 and fed green forage showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase of biomolecules content during the PDA maturation process up to 60 days without influence microbiological profile in terms of total aerobic bacterial counts, yeasts, and molds. In conclusion, breeding techniques and PDA maturation system could enhance biomolecules levels in terms of quality, without affect health standards.

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Leinen, Margaret, Francisco Chavez, Raïssa Meyer, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Neil Davies, Raffaella Casotti, and Astrid Fischer. "The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON)." Marine Technology Society Journal 56, no. 3 (June 8, 2022): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.20.

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Abstract Ocean life—from viruses to whales—is built from “biomolecules.” Biomolecules such as DNA infuse each drop of ocean water, grain of sediment, and breath of ocean air. The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON) is developing a global collaboration that will allow science and society to understand ocean life like never before. The program will transform how we sense, harvest, protect, and manage ocean life using molecular techniques, as it faces multiple stresses including pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. It will also help communities detect biological hazards such as harmful algal blooms and pathogens, and be a key component of next-generation ocean observing systems. OBON will encourage continuous standardization and intercalibration of methods and data interoperability to help enhance and future-proof capabilities. OBON's objectives are: 1) to build a coastal-to-open ocean multi-omics biodiversity observing system; 2) to develop and transfer capacity between partners; 3) to enhance marine ecosystem digitization and modelling and 4) to coordinate action on pressing scientific, management, and policy questions.

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Ivanov, A. V., V. S. Shcherbakova, I. A. Ushakov, L. N. Sobenina, O. V. Petrova, A. I. Mikhaleva, and B. A. Trofimov. "2-(1-Hydroxypropyn-2-yl)-1-vinylpyrroles: the first successful Favorsky ethynylation of pyrrolecarbaldehydes." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 11 (February 10, 2015): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.11.25.

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1-Vinylpyrrole-2-carbaldehydes react with acetylene at atmospheric pressure in a NaOH/EtOH/DMSO system at 7–10 °C to afford 2-(1-hydroxypropyn-2-yl)-1-vinylpyrroles in 53–94% yield. Thus, the first base-mediated direct ethynylation of pyrrolecarbaldehydes with free acetylene under modified conditions of the Favorsky reaction has been implemented to pave an expedient route to important biomolecules containing a pyrrole ring.

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29

Zhuravlova, Maryna, Nataliya Obernikhina, Stepan Pilyo, Maryna Kachaeva, Oleksiy Kachkovsky, and Volodymyr Brovarets. "In silico binding affinity studies of phenyl-substituted 1,3-oxazoles with protein molecules." Ukr. Bioorg. Acta 2020, Vol. 15, N1 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/bioorganica2020.01.012.

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The new model approach of interaction between the pharmacophores with bio-molecules, fragment-to-fragment, is presented. It is a new step of the molecular modeling and takes correctly into consideration not only the spatial complementarity of the interacted molecules but also the contribution of the stacking π-π-electron interaction and hydrogen bonds. As an example, the correct analysis of the interaction of the biological active phenyl-substituted 1,3-oxazoles with protein fragments is performed. It was shown that the length and energy of the hydrogen bond uniquely depend on the chemical constitution of both components in the created complex [Pharmacophore(Oxazole)-Biomolecule (H-X)]. The binding energy regularly decreases in the series X → O, S, NH (fragments of the corresponding biomolecules). It should be pointed out that introduction of the conjugated phenyl groups at positions 2 and 5 of oxazoles increase the stability of the possibly generated complex Pharmacophore-Biomolecule [Pharm-BioM] with fragments of the corresponding biomolecules along the core of oxazole by 0.2 and 0.5 kcal/mole. At the same time, modeling of the possibly generated complex [Pharm-BioM] by phenyl substituents at position 2 and 5 of 1,3-oxazole with phenylalanine as a fragment of protein molecules additionally stabilizes complex by 2.5 kcal/mole by π-stacking mechanism. It seems, the observed biological activity of the phenyl substituted 1,3-oxazole is rather connected with the possibility to generate the stable complex due to the formation of additional bonds with other fragments (conjugated phenyl core). The calculations give that such substituents do not cause spatial hindrances with the polypeptide chain.

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Giacomozzi, L., N. de Ruette, M. Gatchell, M. H. Stockett, H. T. Schmidt, H. Zettergren, and H. Cederquist. "Collision Induced Dissociation of PAHs and Biomolecules." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 635, no. 2 (September 7, 2015): 022045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/2/022045.

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Østdal, Henrik, Michael J. Davies, and Henrik J. Andersen. "Reaction between protein radicals and other biomolecules." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 33, no. 2 (July 2002): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(02)00785-2.

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32

Funatsu, Takashi, Yoshie Harada, Hideo Higuchi, Makio Tokunaga, Kiwamu Saito, Yoshiharu Ishii, Ronald D. Vale, and Toshio Yanagida. "Imaging and nano-manipulation of single biomolecules." Biophysical Chemistry 68, no. 1-3 (October 1997): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4622(97)00008-2.

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Western, C. M. "Laser picosecond spectroscopy and photochemistry of biomolecules." Endeavour 12, no. 4 (January 1988): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(88)90179-2.

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Sundqvist, B., A. Hedin, P. Håkansson, M. Salehpour, G. Säve, and R. E. Johnson. "Sputtering of biomolecules by fast heavy ions." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 14, no. 4-6 (April 1986): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(86)90138-2.

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EIKJE, NATALJA SKREBOVA. "DIABETIC INTERSTITIAL GLUCOSE IN THE SKIN TISSUE BY ATR-FTIR SPECTROSCOPY VERSUS CAPILLARY BLOOD GLUCOSE." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 03, no. 02 (April 2010): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545810000903.

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Recently introduced horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for real-time assessment and continuous monitoring of glucose biomolecules in the skin tissue directly on the patients might appear a promising alternative to interpret the activity of interstitial glucose metabolism in vivo by means of evaluating the dynamics of changes of glucose concentrations in interstitial fluid (IF). In the present study, in vivo spectra by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were obtained post-prandially during a 120–180-minute continuous monitoring in three patients with type 2 diabetes and compared to pre-prandial spectra. In all patients with diabetes interstitial glucose levels at 1030 and 1041 cm-1 reflected the best relationship with blood glucose. The lag time (LT) required for glucose to diffuse from the capillary to epidermal skin tissue was calculated between 0 and 60 minutes at all measured glucose biomolecules. Data showed intra- and inter-subject variations of each glucose biomolecule, pointing to similarities and differences among interstitial glucose metabolism of the patients. Finally, the findings suggest that HATR-FTIR spectroscopy might have the potential for clinical interpretation of activity of glucose metabolism for diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with diabetes.

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Shiku, Hitoshi, and Tomokazu Matsue. "Microamperometric Sensing of Localized Biomolecules." Sensors Update 6, no. 1 (November 1999): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1616-8984(199911)6:1<231::aid-seup231>3.0.co;2-i.

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Rief, Matthias, and Helmut Grubmüller. "Force Spectroscopy of Single Biomolecules." ChemPhysChem 3, no. 3 (March 15, 2002): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1439-7641(20020315)3:3<255::aid-cphc255>3.0.co;2-m.

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Dassanayake, Mackingsley Kushan, Teng-Jin Khoo, Chien Hwa Chong, and Patrick Di Martino. "Molecular Docking and In-Silico Analysis of Natural Biomolecules against Dengue, Ebola, Zika, SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Monkeypox Virus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (September 22, 2022): 11131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911131.

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The emergence and rapid evolution of human pathogenic viruses, combined with the difficulties in developing effective vaccines, underline the need to develop innovative broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutic agents. The present study aims to determine the in silico antiviral potential of six bacterial antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), two phytochemicals (silvestrol, andrographolide), and two bacterial secondary metabolites (lyngbyabellin A, hapalindole H) against dengue virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, the major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus. The comparison of docking scores obtained with natural biomolecules was performed with specific neutralizing antibodies (positive controls for ClusPro) and antiviral drugs (negative controls for Autodock Vina). Glycocin F was the only natural biomolecule tested to show high binding energies to all viral surface proteins and the corresponding viral cell receptors. Lactococcin G and plantaricin ASM1 also achieved high docking scores with all viral surface proteins and most corresponding cell surface receptors. Silvestrol, andrographolide, hapalindole H, and lyngbyabellin A showed variable docking scores depending on the viral surface proteins and cell receptors tested. Three glycocin F mutants with amino acid modifications showed an increase in their docking energy to the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Indian variant, and of the SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Japan/Brazil variant, and the dengue DENV envelope protein. All mutant AMPs indicated a frequent occurrence of valine and proline amino acid rotamers. AMPs and glycocin F in particular are the most promising biomolecules for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral treatments targeting the attachment and entry of viruses into their target cell.

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Rusling, James F., and Albert J. Fry. "Electro-organic Reactions and Redox Active Biomolecules: A Student Diary." Electrochemical Society Interface 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f17061if.

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Sun, De-en, Xinqi Fan, Yujie Shi, Hao Zhang, Zhimin Huang, Bo Cheng, Qi Tang, et al. "Click-ExM enables expansion microscopy for all biomolecules." Nature Methods 18, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41592-020-01005-2.

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Bokhari, Tanveer Hussain, Muhammad Bilal Butt, Saira Hina, Munawar Iqbal, Muhammad Daud, and Muhammad Imran. "A review on 90Y-labeled compounds and biomolecules." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 314, no. 3 (November 13, 2017): 1487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5622-2.

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Saha, Debasis, and Arnab Mukherjee. "Effect of water and ionic liquids on biomolecules." Biophysical Reviews 10, no. 3 (February 8, 2018): 795–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12551-018-0399-2.

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Zhang, YuYong, Yun Xiang, YaQin Chai, and Ruo Yuan. "Aptamer-based competitive electrochemical assay of small biomolecules." Science China Chemistry 54, no. 5 (October 11, 2010): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11426-010-4129-2.

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Okere, Osheke Shekins, Moses Dele Adams, and Chinazo Glory Orji. "Chemical composition, in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-hyperlipidaemic properties of Rhinoceros (Rhino) oil in lead-induced immunocompromised models." Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics 21, no. 2 (December 5, 2022): 931–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jopat.v21i2.15.

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A knowledge of the chemical content of Rhinoceros (Rhino) oil and its activity on selected biomolecules of experimental models would help boost the immune system against an immunocompromised COVID-19 status. The study seeks to evaluate the chemical and biomolecular profile of Rhino oil. Chemical profile was done using standard methods of analysis. 25 rats were assigned in five groups (A-E) (n=5). Animals in group A (control) were administered 0.5 ml of distilled water while those in groups B-E which were immunocompromised (by intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of lead [Pb]) were also administered distilled water, immunomodulatory drug (5 mg/kg body weight of zinc [Zn]), 2 and 5 mg/kg b.w of Rhino oil extract respectively, once daily for 8 days followed by biomolecular assay. Proximate analysis gave moisture content (14.37±0.29), among others. FAMEs analysis showed hexadecanoic acid (12.80%) and other esters. Lipid profile of the oil gave LDLC to contain (32.90±0.53 mg/L), and others. The physicochemical properties gave iodine value as (115.80±0.40 mg/g), among others. The metal composition revealed Zn (0.28±0.06) plus others. The amnio acid profile of the oil gave ten essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids respectively. The levels of biomolecules in serum of the animals were altered at specific doses of the oil extract. Altogether, the chemical content of the oil was significantly high, with altered biomolecular effect. The rich content of vital nutrients and chemicals of Rhino oil may boost the white blood cells against COVID-19. The isolation and characterization of the active principles of the oil is encouraged.

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Eustáquio, Raquel, João P. Prates Ramalho, Ana T. Caldeira, and António Pereira. "Development of new 2-piperidinium-4-styrylcoumarin derivatives with large Stokes shifts as potential fluorescent labels for biomolecules." RSC Advances 12, no. 14 (2022): 8477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra00716a.

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Richard, Mylène, and Bertrand Kuhnast. "Site-selective labelling of biomolecules via disulfide rebridging." Nuclear Medicine and Biology 96-97 (May 2021): S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8051(21)00274-2.

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MacDonald, J. H., A. R. Mahon, L. A. Allers, J. F. Hassard, A. Mainwood, and R. J. Ott. "A CCD system for UV imaging of biomolecules." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 392, no. 1-3 (June 1997): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(97)00298-2.

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Lai, Wenqiang, Junyang Zhuang, Xiaohua Que, Libing Fu, and Dianping Tang. "Mesoporous nanogold–MnO2–poly(o-phenylenediamine) hollow microspheres as nanotags and peroxidase mimics for sensing biomolecules." Biomater. Sci. 2, no. 8 (2014): 1073–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3bm60284b.

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Wang, Yunfeng, Xu Zhu, Zhongbo Hu, Jianxiu Wang, and Feimeng Zhou. "Voltammetric Determination of Surface-Confined Biomolecules withN-(2-Ethyl-ferrocene)maleimide." Electroanalysis 17, no. 23 (December 2005): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.200503347.

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Mahle, Reddhy, Debabrata Mandal, Partha Kumbhakar, Amreesh Chandra, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary, and Rintu Banerjee. "A study of microbially fabricated bio-conjugated quantum dots for pico-molar sensing of H2O2 and glucose." Biomaterials Science 9, no. 1 (2021): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0bm01206h.

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