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Journal articles on the topic 'Biomolecular Sensors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Miao, Yanming, Jinzhi Lv, Yan Li, and Guiqin Yan. "Construction of biomolecular sensors based on quantum dots." RSC Advances 6, no. 110 (2016): 109009–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra20499f.

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At this post-genomic era, the focus of life science research has shifted from life genetic information to general biofunctions. Biomolecular sensors based on QDs will play an important role in the identification and detection of biomolecules.

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Sun, Nan, Yong Liu, Ling Qin, Hakho Lee, Ralph Weissleder, and Donhee Ham. "Small NMR biomolecular sensors." Solid-State Electronics 84 (June 2013): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2013.02.005.

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3

Kelley, Shana. "Biomolecular Sensors: Benchmarking Basics." ACS Sensors 1, no. 12 (December 23, 2016): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.6b00775.

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4

VACIC, ALEKSANDAR, and MARK A. REED. "BIOMOLECULAR FIELD EFFECT SENSORS (BIOFETS): FROM QUALITATIVE SENSING TO MULTIPLEXING, CALIBRATION AND QUANTITATIVE DETECTION FROM WHOLE BLOOD." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 21, no. 01 (March 2012): 1250004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156412500048.

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Nanoscale field effect based sensors have emerged as a potential label-free diagnostic tool capable of detecting extremely low levels of biomolecules with fast response times. To date, successful detection of various biomolecular species ranging from small molecules to antibodies have been demonstrated, however, the lack of quantitative methods, sensor calibration techniques and ability to detect charges in strong ionic strength environments has hindered their commercial application. In this paper we discuss a recent progress in this field directed primarily towards overcoming the aforementioned obstacles.

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5

Liu, Xiyuan, and Peter B. Lillehoj. "Embroidered electrochemical sensors for biomolecular detection." Lab on a Chip 16, no. 11 (2016): 2093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc00307a.

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6

Densmore, A., D. X. Xu, S. Janz, P. Waldron, J. Lapointe, T. Mischki, G. Lopinski, A. Delâge, J. H. Schmid, and P. Cheben. "Sensitive Label-Free Biomolecular Detection Using Thin Silicon Waveguides." Advances in Optical Technologies 2008 (June 16, 2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/725967.

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We review our work developing optical waveguide-based evanescent field sensors for the label-free, specific detection of biological molecules. Using high-index-contrast silicon photonic wire waveguides of submicrometer dimension, we demonstrate ultracompact and highly sensitive molecular sensors compatible with commercial spotting apparatus and microfluidic-based analyte delivery systems. We show that silicon photonic wire waveguides support optical modes with strong evanescent field at the waveguide surface, leading to strong interaction with surface bound molecules for sensitive response. Furthermore, we present new sensor geometries benefiting from the very small bend radii achievable with these high-index-contrast waveguides to extend the sensing path length, while maintaining compact size. We experimentally demonstrate the sensor performance by monitoring the adsorption of protein molecules on the waveguide surface and by tracking small refractive index changes of bulk solutions.

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7

Chong, Chen, Hongxia Liu, Shulong Wang, Shupeng Chen, and Haiwu Xie. "Sensitivity Analysis of Biosensors Based on a Dielectric-Modulated L-Shaped Gate Field-Effect Transistor." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010019.

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Label-free biomolecular sensors have been widely studied due to their simple operation. L-shaped tunneling field-effect transistors (LTFETs) are used in biosensors due to their low subthreshold swing, off-state current, and power consumption. In a dielectric-modulated LTFET (DM-LTFET), a cavity is trenched under the gate electrode in the vertical direction and filled with biomolecules to realize the function of the sensor. A 2D simulator was utilized to study the sensitivity of a DM-LTFET sensor. The simulation results show that the current sensitivity of the proposed structure could be as high as 2321, the threshold voltage sensitivity could reach 0.4, and the subthreshold swing sensitivity could reach 0.7. This shows that the DM-LTFET sensor is suitable for a high-sensitivity, low-power-consumption sensor field.

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Stern, Eric, Aleksandar Vacic, and Mark A. Reed. "Semiconducting Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor Biomolecular Sensors." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 55, no. 11 (November 2008): 3119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2008.2005168.

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9

Tian, Fang, Karolyn M. Hansen, Thomas L. Ferrell, Thomas Thundat, and Douglas C. Hansen. "Dynamic Microcantilever Sensors for Discerning Biomolecular Interactions." Analytical Chemistry 77, no. 6 (March 2005): 1601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac048602e.

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10

Datar, Ram, Seonghwan Kim, Sangmin Jeon, Peter Hesketh, Scott Manalis, Anja Boisen, and Thomas Thundat. "Cantilever Sensors: Nanomechanical Tools for Diagnostics." MRS Bulletin 34, no. 6 (June 2009): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2009.121.

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AbstractCantilever sensors have attracted considerable attention over the last decade because of their potential as a highly sensitive sensor platform for high throughput and multiplexed detection of proteins and nucleic acids. A micromachined cantilever platform integrates nanoscale science and microfabrication technology for the label-free detection of biological molecules, allowing miniaturization. Molecular adsorption, when restricted to a single side of a deformable cantilever beam, results in measurable bending of the cantilever. This nanoscale deflection is caused by a variation in the cantilever surface stress due to biomolecular interactions and can be measured by optical or electrical means, thereby reporting on the presence of biomolecules. Biological specificity in detection is typically achieved by immobilizing selective receptors or probe molecules on one side of the cantilever using surface functionalization processes. When target molecules are injected into the fluid bathing the cantilever, the cantilever bends as a function of the number of molecules bound to the probe molecules on its surface. Mass-produced, miniature silicon and silicon nitride microcantilever arrays offer a clear path to the development of miniature sensors with unprecedented sensitivity for biodetection applications, such as toxin detection, DNA hybridization, and selective detection of pathogens through immunological techniques. This article discusses applications of cantilever sensors in cancer diagnosis.

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11

KUMAR, RAJESHWARI TARUVAI KALYANA, NANDHINEE RADHA SHANMUGAM, and SHALINI PRASAD. "EFFECT OF SIZE MATCHING FOR ULTRASENSITIVE DETECTION OF PROTEIN BIOMARKERS." Nano LIFE 03, no. 04 (December 2013): 1343008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984413430083.

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"Label-free" biomolecule sensors are designed and fabricated utilizing polystyrene microparticles and gold nanoparticles as sensing elements for quantification of the ultrasensitive cardiac biomarker troponin-T. A powerful diagnostic tool electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, used to characterize significant changes at biomolecular level, has been employed to detect troponin-T at 10 fg/mL sensitivity in phosphate buffered saline. This paper presents the theory, modeling and experimental study on the behavior of micro and nanoparticles under the influence of applied sinusoidal potential. This paper also demonstrates the advantages of utilizing gold nanoparticles to amplify electrical impedance signals obtained due to particle–biomolecule conjugation for designing electrical immunoassays for detecting troponin-T. The results indicate that electrode design and particle scaling are critical factors that determine the performance for rapid biomolecular analysis. Size-based scaling enhances sensitivity by amplifying the measured signal by an order of 10 when the sizes of the particles were reduced from 5 μm to 5 nm.

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12

Li, Tao, Dawei Shang, Shouwu Gao, Bo Wang, Hao Kong, Guozheng Yang, Weidong Shu, Peilong Xu, and Gang Wei. "Two-Dimensional Material-Based Electrochemical Sensors/Biosensors for Food Safety and Biomolecular Detection." Biosensors 12, no. 5 (May 9, 2022): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12050314.

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Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) exhibited great potential for applications in materials science, energy storage, environmental science, biomedicine, sensors/biosensors, and others due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. In this review, we present recent advances in the fabrication of 2DM-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for applications in food safety and biomolecular detection that are related to human health. For this aim, firstly, we introduced the bottom-up and top-down synthesis methods of various 2DMs, such as graphene, transition metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXenes, and several other graphene-like materials, and then we demonstrated the structure and surface chemistry of these 2DMs, which play a crucial role in the functionalization of 2DMs and subsequent composition with other nanoscale building blocks such as nanoparticles, biomolecules, and polymers. Then, the 2DM-based electrochemical sensors/biosensors for the detection of nitrite, heavy metal ions, antibiotics, and pesticides in foods and drinks are introduced. Meanwhile, the 2DM-based sensors for the determination and monitoring of key small molecules that are related to diseases and human health are presented and commented on. We believe that this review will be helpful for promoting 2DMs to construct novel electronic sensors and nanodevices for food safety and health monitoring.

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13

Arif, Khalid Mahmood, and Kutay Icoz. "Advances in Nanotechnology: Influence on Biomolecular Detection Sensors." Pakistan Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 57, no. 2 (June 26, 2014): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.57.2.2014.109.124.

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14

Liu, Mingzhao, Fang Lu, Ye Tian, Dong Su, and Oleg Gang. "(Invited) Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Biomolecular Chirality." ECS Transactions 77, no. 7 (April 19, 2017): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/07707.0029ecst.

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15

Cai, Zhongyu, Natasha L. Smith, Jian-Tao Zhang, and Sanford A. Asher. "Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Chemical and Biomolecular Sensors." Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 10 (April 27, 2015): 5013–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac504679n.

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16

Goldin, D. S., C. A. Dahl, K. L. Olsen, L. H. Ostrach, and R. D. Klausner. "BIOMEDICINE: The NASA-NCI Collaboration on Biomolecular Sensors." Science 292, no. 5516 (April 20, 2001): 443–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1059744.

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17

CHAI, YATING, SUIQIONG LI, SHIN HORIKAWA, MI-KYUNG PARK, VITALY VODYANOY, and BRYAN A. CHIN. "Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium on Eggshells by Using Wireless Biosensors." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-339.

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This article presents rapid, sensitive, direct detection of Salmonella Typhimurium on eggshells by using wireless magnetoelastic (ME) biosensors. The biosensor consists of a freestanding, strip-shaped ME resonator as the signal transducer and the E2 phage as the biomolecular recognition element that selectively binds with Salmonella Typhimurium. This ME biosensor is a type of mass-sensitive biosensor that can be wirelessly actuated into mechanical resonance by an externally applied time-varying magnetic field. When the biosensor binds with Salmonella Typhimurium, the mass of the sensor increases, resulting in a decrease in the sensor's resonant frequency. Multiple E2 phage–coated biosensors (measurement sensors) were placed on eggshells spiked with Salmonella Typhimurium of various concentrations (1.6 to 1.6 × 107 CFU/cm2). Control sensors without phage were also used to compensate for environmental effects and nonspecific binding. After 20 min in a humidity-controlled chamber (95%) to allow binding of the bacteria to the sensors to occur, the resonant frequency of the sensors was wirelessly measured and compared with their initial resonant frequency. The resonant frequency change of the measurement sensors was found to be statistically different from that of the control sensors down to 1.6 × 102 CFU/cm2, the detection limit for this work. In addition, scanning electron microscopy imaging verified that the measured resonant frequency changes were directly related to the number of bound cells on the sensor surface. The total assay time of the presented methodology was approximately 30 min, facilitating rapid detection of Salmonella Typhimurium without any preceding sampling procedures.

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Boghossian, Ardemis Anoush. "(Nanocarbons Division SES Young Investigator Award) Synthetic Biology Approaches for Overcoming Bottlenecks in Optical Nanocarbon Technologies." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 8 (July 7, 2022): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-018677mtgabs.

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Bioengineering is the synthetic biologist’s approach to engineering new materials. It has allowed researchers to overcome billions of years of evolution to create unnatural biomolecules that have been programmed to interface with synthetic materials or optimized to bind analytes through interactions unfounded in nature. Biomolecules offer unparalleled molecular recognition that can be tuned by engineers to create highly specific sensors. Unfortunately, biology has its limits; many biological optical sensors rely on fluorophores that photobleach, which limit sensor lifetime, at visible emission wavelengths that overlap with tissue absorption. Unlike these fluorophores, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) benefit from fluorescent emissions that are indefinitely photostable, demonstrating sensitivities that can detect analytes down to the single molecule. Their near-infrared fluorescence wavelengths are also transparent to tissue absorption, allowing for continuous in vivo sensing. Unfortunately, these nanomaterials lack the molecular recognition biology has to offer. In a sense, the advantages and disadvantages posed by the fields of bio- and nano-materials engineering are highly complementary. This seminar focuses on the development of a new generation of NanoBiOptic devices – devices that exploit the synergy of nano-bio hybrids – for sensing applications. We apply bioengineering techniques, such as directed evolution and artificial nucleic acid design, to circumvent current approaches used to engineer SWCNT-based sensors. In demonstrating these techniques, we realize several previously intractable platforms for bioanalyte detection and for optically monitoring various biomolecular interactions. Thus, by reprogramming biological materials to behave in an otherwise non-natural manner, synthetic biology has the potential to complement the physical sciences in the engineering of new synthetic optical platforms.

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19

Bin, Xiaomin, Edward H. Sargent, and Shana O. Kelley. "Nanostructuring of Sensors Determines the Efficiency of Biomolecular Capture." Analytical Chemistry 82, no. 14 (July 15, 2010): 5928–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac101164n.

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20

Shekhawat, G. "MOSFET-Embedded Microcantilevers for Measuring Deflection in Biomolecular Sensors." Science 311, no. 5767 (March 17, 2006): 1592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1122588.

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21

Albisetti, E., D. Petti, F. Damin, M. Cretich, A. Torti, M. Chiari, and R. Bertacco. "Photolithographic bio-patterning of magnetic sensors for biomolecular recognition." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 200 (September 2014): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.04.055.

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22

Haake, H. M., A. Schütz, and G. Gauglitz. "Label-free detection of biomolecular interaction by optical sensors." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 366, no. 6-7 (March 30, 2000): 576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051553.

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23

Guthy, C., M. Belov, A. Janzen, N. J. Quitoriano, A. Singh, V. A. Wright, E. Finley, T. I. Kamins, and S. Evoy. "Large-scale arrays of nanomechanical sensors for biomolecular fingerprinting." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 187 (October 2013): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.09.070.

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24

FUJIMAKI, M., C. ROCKSTUHL, X. WANG, K. AWAZU, J. TOMINAGA, T. IKEDA, Y. KOGANEZAWA, and Y. OHKI. "Biomolecular sensors utilizing waveguide modes excited by evanescent fields." Journal of Microscopy 229, no. 2 (February 2008): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.01907.x.

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25

Mannoor, Manu Sebastian, Teena James, Dentcho V. Ivanov, William Braunlin, and Les Beadling. "Molecular Scale Dielectric Sensors for Highly Sensitive Biomolecular Detection." Biophysical Journal 96, no. 3 (February 2009): 51a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.158.

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26

Brecht, A., G. Gauglitz, and W. Göpel. "Sensors in Biomolecular Interaction Analysis and Pharmaceutical Drug Screening." Sensors Update 3, no. 1 (January 1998): 239–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1616-8984(199801)3:1<239::aid-seup239>3.0.co;2-u.

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27

Espinosa, Francisco, Manuel Uhlig, and Ricardo Garcia. "Molecular Recognition by Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor and Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy." Micromachines 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010097.

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Silicon nanowire (SiNW) field-effect transistors (FETs) have been developed as very sensitive and label-free biomolecular sensors. The detection principle operating in a SiNW biosensor is indirect. The biomolecules are detected by measuring the changes in the current through the transistor. Those changes are produced by the electrical field created by the biomolecule. Here, we have combined nanolithography, chemical functionalization, electrical measurements and molecular recognition methods to correlate the current measured by the SiNW transistor with the presence of specific molecular recognition events on the surface of the SiNW. Oxidation scanning probe lithography (o-SPL) was applied to fabricate sub-12 nm SiNW field-effect transistors. The devices were applied to detect very small concentrations of proteins (500 pM). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) experiments allowed the identification of the protein adsorption sites on the surface of the nanowire. We detected specific interactions between the biotin-functionalized AFM tip and individual avidin molecules adsorbed to the SiNW. The measurements confirmed that electrical current changes measured by the device were associated with the deposition of avidin molecules.

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28

Wang, Dongping, Jacky Loo, Jiajie Chen, Yeung Yam, Shih-Chi Chen, Hao He, Siu Kong, and Ho Ho. "Recent Advances in Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 6 (March 13, 2019): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19061266.

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The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is an important tool widely used for studying binding kinetics between biomolecular species. The SPR approach offers unique advantages in light of its real-time and label-free sensing capabilities. Until now, nearly all established SPR instrumentation schemes are based on single- or several-channel configurations. With the emergence of drug screening and investigation of biomolecular interactions on a massive scale these days for finding more effective treatments of diseases, there is a growing demand for the development of high-throughput 2-D SPR sensor arrays based on imaging. The so-called SPR imaging (SPRi) approach has been explored intensively in recent years. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and concise summary of recent advances in SPRi. The specific focuses are on practical instrumentation designs and their respective biosensing applications in relation to molecular sensing, healthcare testing, and environmental screening.

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29

Guo, Lili, Shuang Chao, Pei Huang, Xiukai Lv, Quanquan Song, Chunli Wu, Yuxin Pei, and Zhichao Pei. "A Universal Photochemical Method to Prepare Carbohydrate Sensors Based on Perfluorophenylazide Modified Polydopamine for Study of Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions by QCM Biosensor." Polymers 11, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11061023.

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A universal photochemical method to prepare carbohydrate sensors based on perfluorophenylazide (PFPA) modified polydopamine (PDA) for the study of carbohydrate–lectin interactions by a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor was developed. The PFPA was immobilized on PDA-coated gold sensors via Schiff base reactions. Upon light irradiation, the underivatized carbohydrates were inserted into the sensor surface, including mannose, galactose, fucose and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Carbohydrate sensors were evaluated for the binding to a series of plant lectins. A kinetic study of the interactions between mannose and concanavalin A (Con A), fucose and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) were performed. This method can eliminate the tedious modification of carbohydrates, improve the experimental efficiency, and reduce the experimental cost, which is of great significance for the development of QCM biosensors and the study of biomolecular interactions.

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Carballeira, Diego López, Nicolás Ramos-Berdullas, Ignacio Pérez-Juste, José Luis Cagide Fajín, M. Natália D. S. Cordeiro, and Marcos Mandado. "A computational study of the interaction of graphene structures with biomolecular units." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 22 (2016): 15312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp00545d.

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Chemical sensors constructed from graphene nanostructures have raised recently a great interest. In this work we analyse using DFT the electronic factors responsible for the large affinity of biomolecular units for graphene surface.

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31

Ross, Benjamin M., John R. Waldeisen, Tim Wang, and Luke P. Lee. "Strategies for nanoplasmonic core-satellite biomolecular sensors: Theory-based Design." Applied Physics Letters 95, no. 19 (November 9, 2009): 193112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3254756.

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32

Senior, Kathryn. "NASA and NCI join forces to work on biomolecular sensors." Lancet Oncology 2, no. 6 (June 2001): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(00)00377-6.

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33

Zhang, Jian, and Xinping Zhang. "Biomolecular binding dynamics in sensors based on metallic photonic crystals." Optics Communications 320 (June 2014): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.01.034.

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34

Wasfi, Asma, Falah Awwad, Juri George Gelovani, Naser Qamhieh, and Ahmad I. Ayesh. "COVID-19 Detection via Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor: Setup and Modeling of Its Function." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2022): 2638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152638.

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Biomolecular detection methods have evolved from simple chemical processes to laboratory sensors capable of acquiring accurate measurements of various biological components. Recently, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) have been drawing enormous interest due to their potential in the biomolecular sensing field. SiNW-FETs exhibit capabilities such as providing real-time, label-free, highly selective, and sensitive detection. It is highly critical to diagnose infectious diseases accurately to reduce the illness and death spread rate. In this work, a novel SiNW-FET sensor is designed using a semiempirical approach, and the electronic transport properties are studied to detect the COVID-19 spike protein. Various electronic transport properties such as transmission spectrum, conductance, and electronic current are investigated by a semiempirical modeling that is combined with a nonequilibrium Green’s function. Moreover, the developed sensor selectivity is tested by studying the electronic transport properties for other viruses including influenza, rotavirus, and HIV. The results indicate that SiNW-FET can be utilized for accurate COVID-19 identification with high sensitivity and selectivity.

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Shukla, Rajendra P., J. G. Bomer, Daniel Wijnperle, Naveen Kumar, Vihar P. Georgiev, Aruna Chandra Singh, Sivashankar Krishnamoorthy, César Pascual García, Sergii Pud, and Wouter Olthuis. "Planar Junctionless Field-Effect Transistor for Detecting Biomolecular Interactions." Sensors 22, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 5783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155783.

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Label-free field-effect transistor-based immunosensors are promising candidates for proteomics and peptidomics-based diagnostics and therapeutics due to their high multiplexing capability, fast response time, and ability to increase the sensor sensitivity due to the short length of peptides. In this work, planar junctionless field-effect transistor sensors (FETs) were fabricated and characterized for pH sensing. The device with SiO2 gate oxide has shown voltage sensitivity of 41.8 ± 1.4, 39.9 ± 1.4, 39.0 ± 1.1, and 37.6 ± 1.0 mV/pH for constant drain currents of 5, 10, 20, and 50 nA, respectively, with a drain to source voltage of 0.05 V. The drift analysis shows a stability over time of −18 nA/h (pH 7.75), −3.5 nA/h (pH 6.84), −0.5 nA/h (pH 4.91), 0.5 nA/h (pH 3.43), corresponding to a pH drift of −0.45, −0.09, −0.01, and 0.01 per h. Theoretical modeling and simulation resulted in a mean value of the surface states of 3.8 × 1015/cm2 with a standard deviation of 3.6 × 1015/cm2. We have experimentally verified the number of surface sites due to APTES, peptide, and protein immobilization, which is in line with the theoretical calculations for FETs to be used for detecting peptide-protein interactions for future applications.

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Ganesan, Sivaramakrishnan, Sophie Maricot, Jean-Francois Robillard, Etienne Okada, Mohamed-Taieb Bakouche, Laurent Hay, and Jean-Pierre Vilcot. "Plasmonic Layer as a Localized Temperature Control Element for Surface Plasmonic Resonance-Based Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 6 (March 13, 2021): 2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062035.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing is a well-established high-sensitivity, label-free and real-time detection technique for biomolecular interaction study. Its primary working principle consists of the measurement of the optical refractive index of the medium that is in close vicinity of the sensor surface. Bio-functionalization techniques allow biomolecular events to be located in such a way. Since optical refractive indices of any medium varies with the temperature, the place where the measurement takes place shall be within a temperature-controlled environment in order to ensure any temperature fluctuation is interpreted as a biomolecular event. Since the SPR measurement probes the sensed medium within the penetration depth of the plasmonic wave, which is less or in the order of 1 µm, we propose to use the metallic film constituting the detection surface as a localized heater aiming at controlling finely and quickly the temperature of the sensed medium. The Joule heating principle is then used and the modeling of the heater is reported as well as its validation by thermal IR imaging. Using water as a demonstration medium, SPR measurement results at different temperatures are successfully compared to the theoretical optical refractive index of water versus temperature.

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Wu, Chi-Chang, and Min-Rong Wang. "Effects of Buffer Concentration on the Sensitivity of Silicon Nanobelt Field-Effect Transistor Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 4904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144904.

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In this work, a single-crystalline silicon nanobelt field-effect transistor (SiNB FET) device was developed and applied to pH and biomolecule sensing. The nanobelt was formed using a local oxidation of silicon technique, which is a self-aligned, self-shrinking process that reduces the cost of production. We demonstrated the effect of buffer concentration on the sensitivity and stability of the SiNB FET sensor by varying the buffer concentrations to detect solution pH and alpha fetoprotein (AFP). The SiNB FET sensor was used to detect a solution pH ranging from 6.4 to 7.4; the response current decreased stepwise as the pH value increased. The stability of the sensor was examined through cyclical detection under solutions with different pH; the results were stable and reliable. A buffer solution of varying concentrations was employed to inspect the sensing capability of the SiNB FET sensor device, with the results indicating that the sensitivity of the sensor was negatively dependent on the buffer concentration. For biomolecule sensing, AFP was sensed to test the sensitivity of the SiNB FET sensor. The effectiveness of surface functionalization affected the AFP sensing result, and the current shift was strongly dependent on the buffer concentration. The obtained results demonstrated that buffer concentration plays a crucial role in terms of the sensitivity and stability of the SiNB FET device in chemical and biomolecular sensing.

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Schneider, Bernard H., John G. Edwards, and Nile F. Hartman. "Hartman interferometer: versatile integrated optic sensor for label-free, real-time quantification of nucleic acids, proteins, and pathogens." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 9 (September 1, 1997): 1757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.9.1757.

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Abstract The Hartman interferometer, a proprietary integrated optic sensor, provides a basis for a broad range of biomedical diagnostics, including antibody-based and gene probe-based assays. As with other evanescent-wave optical sensors, the interferometer measures the refractive index change resulting from biomolecular binding on a waveguide surface. The exciting promise of evanescent-wave sensors lies, in general, in their potential to be used as label-free, real-time transducers that can operate in a true mix-and-read fashion and provide fast, quantitative results. One of the major issues facing their development, however, is creating a simple, low-cost configuration for multianalyte testing. The Hartman interferometer addresses this challenge by relying on linearly polarized light and a planar waveguide format, thereby avoiding the problems associatedwith circular polarization and channel waveguides. We report preliminary experiments that demonstrate the applicability of this sensor configuration to detection of a wide range of protein, nucleic acid, and pathogen analytes.

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Manandhar, Pradeep, Kan-Sheng Chen, Khaled Aledealat, Goran Mihajlović, C. Steven Yun, Mark Field, Gerard J. Sullivan, et al. "The detection of specific biomolecular interactions with micro-Hall magnetic sensors." Nanotechnology 20, no. 35 (August 12, 2009): 355501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/35/355501.

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Thundat, Thomas. "(Invited) Receptor-Free and Label-Free Biomolecular Sensing Using Miniature Sensors." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-01, no. 27 (May 1, 2020): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-01271919mtgabs.

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Campàs, Mònica, and Ciara O'Sullivan. "Layer-by-Layer Biomolecular Assemblies for Enzyme Sensors, Immunosensing, and Nanoarchitectures." Analytical Letters 36, no. 12 (January 10, 2003): 2551–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/al-120024632.

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Malekzad, Hedieh, Parham Sahandi Zangabad, Hamed Mirshekari, Mahdi Karimi, and Michael R. Hamblin. "Noble metal nanoparticles in biosensors: recent studies and applications." Nanotechnology Reviews 6, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 301–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2016-0014.

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AbstractThe aim of this review is to cover advances in noble metal nanoparticle (MNP)-based biosensors and to outline the principles and main functions of MNPs in different classes of biosensors according to the transduction methods employed. The important biorecognition elements are enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, DNA sequences, and whole cells. The main readouts are electrochemical (amperometric and voltametric), optical (surface plasmon resonance, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical, etc.) and piezoelectric. MNPs have received attention for applications in biosensing due to their fascinating properties. These properties include a large surface area that enhances biorecognizers and receptor immobilization, good ability for reaction catalysis and electron transfer, and good biocompatibility. MNPs can be used alone and in combination with other classes of nanostructures. MNP-based sensors can lead to significant signal amplification, higher sensitivity, and great improvements in the detection and quantification of biomolecules and different ions. Some recent examples of biomolecular sensors using MNPs are given, and the effects of structure, shape, and other physical properties of noble MNPs and nanohybrids in biosensor performance are discussed.

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ABADIR, G. B., K. WALUS, R. F. B. TURNER, and D. L. PULFREY. "BIOMOLECULAR SENSING USING CARBON NANOTUBES: A SIMULATION STUDY." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 04 (December 2008): 879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156408005849.

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A simulation study using molecular dynamics and the density-functional-theory/non-equilibrium-Green's-function approach has been carried out to investigate the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNT) as molecular-scale biosensors. Single molecules of each of two amino acids (isoleucine and asparagine) were used as the target molecules in two separate simulations. The results show a significant suppression of the local density of states (LDOS) in both cases, with a distinct response for each molecule. This is promising for the prospect of CNT-based single-molecule sensors that might depend on the LDOS, e.g., devices that respond to changes in either conductance or electroluminescence.

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Ji, Guangmin, Jingkun Tian, Fei Xing, and Yu Feng. "Optical Biosensor Based on Graphene and Its Derivatives for Detecting Biomolecules." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (September 16, 2022): 10838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810838.

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Graphene and its derivatives show great potential for biosensing due to their extraordinary optical, electrical and physical properties. In particular, graphene and its derivatives have excellent optical properties such as broadband and tunable absorption, fluorescence bursts, and strong polarization-related effects. Optical biosensors based on graphene and its derivatives make nondestructive detection of biomolecules possible. The focus of this paper is to review the preparation of graphene and its derivatives, as well as recent advances in optical biosensors based on graphene and its derivatives. The working principle of face plasmon resonance (SPR), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and colorimetric sensors are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of graphene and its derivatives applicable to various types of sensors are analyzed, and the methods of surface functionalization of graphene and its derivatives are introduced; these optical biosensors can be used for the detection of a range of biomolecules such as single cells, cellular secretions, proteins, nucleic acids, and antigen-antibodies; these new high-performance optical sensors are capable of detecting changes in surface structure and biomolecular interactions with the advantages of ultra-fast detection, high sensitivity, label-free, specific recognition, and the ability to respond in real-time. Problems in the current stage of application are discussed, as well as future prospects for graphene and its biosensors. Achieving the applicability, reusability and low cost of novel optical biosensors for a variety of complex environments and achieving scale-up production, which still faces serious challenges.

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Barbosa, Mariana, Hélvio Simões, and Duarte Miguel F. Prazeres. "Functionalization of Cellulose-Based Hydrogels with Bi-Functional Fusion Proteins Containing Carbohydrate-Binding Modules." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 3175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123175.

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Materials with novel and enhanced functionalities can be obtained by modifying cellulose with a range of biomolecules. This functionalization can deliver tailored cellulose-based materials with enhanced physical and chemical properties and control of biological interactions that match specific applications. One of the foundations for the success of such biomaterials is to efficiently control the capacity to combine relevant biomolecules into cellulose materials in such a way that the desired functionality is attained. In this context, our main goal was to develop bi-functional biomolecular constructs for the precise modification of cellulose hydrogels with bioactive molecules of interest. The main idea was to use biomolecular engineering techniques to generate and purify different recombinant fusions of carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) with significant biological entities. Specifically, CBM-based fusions were designed to enable the bridging of proteins or oligonucleotides with cellulose hydrogels. The work focused on constructs that combine a family 3 CBM derived from the cellulosomal-scaffolding protein A from Clostridium thermocellum (CBM3) with the following: (i) an N-terminal green fluorescent protein (GFP) domain (GFP-CBM3); (ii) a double Z domain that recognizes IgG antibodies; and (iii) a C-terminal cysteine (CBM3C). The ability of the CBM fusions to bind and/or anchor their counterparts onto the surface of cellulose hydrogels was evaluated with pull-down assays. Capture of GFP-CBM3 by cellulose was first demonstrated qualitatively by fluorescence microscopy. The binding of the fusion proteins, the capture of antibodies (by ZZ-CBM3), and the grafting of an oligonucleotide (to CBM3C) were successfully demonstrated. The bioactive cellulose platform described here enables the precise anchoring of different biomolecules onto cellulose hydrogels and could contribute significatively to the development of advanced medical diagnostic sensors or specialized biomaterials, among others.

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Bianco, Pierre. "Protein modified- and membrane electrodes: strategies for the development of biomolecular sensors." Reviews in Molecular Biotechnology 82, no. 4 (February 2002): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-0352(01)00054-x.

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Sakata, Toshiya. "Technical Perspectives on Applications of Biologically Coupled Gate Field-Effect Transistors." Sensors 22, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 4991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22134991.

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Biosensing technologies are required for point-of-care testing (POCT). We determine some physical parameters such as molecular charge and mass, redox potential, and reflective index for measuring biological phenomena. Among such technologies, biologically coupled gate field-effect transistor (Bio-FET) sensors are a promising candidate as a type of potentiometric biosensor for the POCT because they enable the direct detection of ionic and biomolecular charges in a miniaturized device. However, we need to reconsider some technical issues of Bio-FET sensors to expand their possible use for biosensing in the future. In this perspective, the technical issues of Bio-FET sensors are pointed out, focusing on the shielding effect, pH signals, and unique parameters of FETs for biosensing. Moreover, other attractive features of Bio-FET sensors are described in this perspective, such as the integration and the semiconductive materials used for the Bio-FET sensors.

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Larsson, Elin M., Svetlana Syrenova, and Christoph Langhammer. "Nanoplasmonic sensing for nanomaterials science." Nanophotonics 1, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2012): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2012-0029.

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AbstractNanoplasmonic sensing has over the last two decades emerged as and diversified into a very promising experimental platform technology for studies of biomolecular interactions and for biomolecule detection (biosensors). Inspired by this success, in more recent years, nanoplasmonic sensing strategies have been adapted and tailored successfully for probing functional nanomaterials and catalysts in situ and in real time. An increasing number of these studies focus on using the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) as an experimental tool to study a process of interest in a nanomaterial, with a materials science focus. The key assets of nanoplasmonic sensing in this area are its remote readout, non-invasive nature, single particle experiment capability, ease of use and, maybe most importantly, unmatched flexibility in terms of compatibility with all material types (particles and thin/thick layers, conductive or insulating) are identified. In a direct nanoplasmonic sensing experiment the plasmonic nanoparticles are active and simultaneously constitute the sensor and the studied nano-entity. In an indirect nanoplasmonic sensing experiment the plasmonic nanoparticles are inert and adjacent to the material of interest to probe a process occurring in/on this material. In this review we define and discuss these two generic experimental strategies and summarize the growing applications of nanoplasmonic sensors as experimental tools to address materials science-related questions.

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Li, Zongwen, Wenfei Zhang, and Fei Xing. "Graphene Optical Biosensors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 10 (May 18, 2019): 2461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102461.

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Graphene shows great potential in biosensing owing to its extraordinary optical, electrical and physical properties. In particular, graphene possesses unique optical properties, such as broadband and tunable absorption, and strong polarization-dependent effects. This lays a foundation for building graphene-based optical sensors. This paper selectively reviews recent advances in graphene-based optical sensors and biosensors. Graphene-based optical biosensors can be used for single cell detection, cell line, and anticancer drug detection, protein and antigen–antibody detection. These new high-performance graphene-based optical sensors are able to detect surface structural changes and biomolecular interactions. In all these cases, the optical biosensors perform well with ultra-fast detection, high sensitivities, unmarked, and are able to respond in real time. The future of the field of graphene applications is also discussed.

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Costa, Tiago, Filipe A. Cardoso, Jose Germano, Paulo P. Freitas, and Moises S. Piedade. "A CMOS Front-End With Integrated Magnetoresistive Sensors for Biomolecular Recognition Detection Applications." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 11, no. 5 (October 2017): 988–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2017.2743685.

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