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Academic literature on the topic 'Biominéralisation intracellulaire'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biominéralisation intracellulaire"
Cam, Nithavong. "Biominéralisation intracellulaire par des cyanobactéries : du modèle aux cellules." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066495/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the recently discovered formation of intracellular amorphous carbonates by cyanobacteria. Abiotic syntheses produced carbonates with a morphology, structure and composition similar as intracellular inclusions. The intracellular chemical conditions in the cyanobacteria can be discussed; they seem inconsistent with our current knowledge about cyanobacteria. Several cyanobacterial strains, forming intracellular carbonates or not, were cultured in the laboratory. Analyses of the chemical composition of extracellular solutions showed that intracellular precipitation is an active process, i.e., it needs energy. Also, cyanobacteria forming intracellular calcium carbonates imposed low concentrations in calcium in their living environment. Monitoring the formation of intracellular carbonates in controlled environments also demonstrated that one species formed carbonates of barium and strontium owing to an affinity for barium higher than for strontium and higher for strontium than calcium. This feature opens interesting perspectives on bioremediation and questions the use of Sr/Ca ratios as a proxy for paleo-environments
Cam, Nithavong. "Biominéralisation intracellulaire par des cyanobactéries : du modèle aux cellules." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066495.
Full textIn this thesis we study the recently discovered formation of intracellular amorphous carbonates by cyanobacteria. Abiotic syntheses produced carbonates with a morphology, structure and composition similar as intracellular inclusions. The intracellular chemical conditions in the cyanobacteria can be discussed; they seem inconsistent with our current knowledge about cyanobacteria. Several cyanobacterial strains, forming intracellular carbonates or not, were cultured in the laboratory. Analyses of the chemical composition of extracellular solutions showed that intracellular precipitation is an active process, i.e., it needs energy. Also, cyanobacteria forming intracellular calcium carbonates imposed low concentrations in calcium in their living environment. Monitoring the formation of intracellular carbonates in controlled environments also demonstrated that one species formed carbonates of barium and strontium owing to an affinity for barium higher than for strontium and higher for strontium than calcium. This feature opens interesting perspectives on bioremediation and questions the use of Sr/Ca ratios as a proxy for paleo-environments
Blondeau, Marine. "Conception de matrices magnétiques nanostructurées pour l'étude des mécanismes de biominéralisation intracellulaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066324.
Full textThis work constitutes a new approach to the study of the behavior of immobilized bacteria in inorganic matrices focusing on the influence of a magnetic field on cell behavior. Novel gels incorporating magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel process in cytocompatible conditions and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetic measurements. After studying the viability of immobilized model bacteria Escherichia coli, the encapsulation process was extended to magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum magneticum. The effect of a static magnetic field on these two types of microorganisms was studied.Finally, the process of intracellular biomineralization in magnetotactic bacteria was followed in the presence and absence of a static magnetic field on the immobilized cells and suspension. This approach allowed us to understand the phenomena related to encapsulation and exposure to an external magnetic environment. New effects of the continuous magnetic field on the kinetics of magnetosome production and on the collective dynamic of magnetosome chains within the encapsulated cells are described
Görgen, Sigrid. "Les mécanismes moléculaires de la biominéralisation intracellulaire de CaCO3 chez les cyanobactéries." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS158.pdf.
Full textThe biomineralization of calcium carbonates is a common process in bacteria, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recently, intracellular biomineralization of amorphous calcium carbonate phases (iACC) has been discovered in environmentally and phylogenetically widespread cyanobacteria. An orphan gene of unknown function, named ccyA and coding for a protein named Calcyanin, has been identified only in these cyanobacteria. My thesis work consisted in developing a genetic approach to analyze the in vivo function of the ccyA gene and determine whether or not the encoded protein is involved in the formation of iACCs. The failure of ccyA deletion attempts in Cyanothece sp. PCC 7425 and Synechococcus sp. PCC 6312 suggests that this gene could be essential to cells viability. We have therefore introduced a plasmid allowing heterologous expression of ccyA in model cyanobacteria that do not naturally form iACC. The constitutive expression of various ccyA sequences in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is slowed down compared to that of the wild strain. In agreement, ccyA-expressing mutants have more dead cells than the wild-type strain. Finally, these mutants have more intracellular calcium than the wild strain, suggesting a modification of calcium homeostasis. Finally, I introduced plasmids by conjugation in Cyanothece sp. PCC 7425 and Synechococcus sp. PCC 6312 allowing them to overproduce ccyA. Calcyanin fused with eGFP is localized to the membrane and poles of cells in Synechococcus sp. PCC 6312
Blondeau, Marine. "Conception de matrices magnétiques nanostructurées pour l'étude des mécanismes de biominéralisation intracellulaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066324.pdf.
Full textThis work constitutes a new approach to the study of the behavior of immobilized bacteria in inorganic matrices focusing on the influence of a magnetic field on cell behavior. Novel gels incorporating magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel process in cytocompatible conditions and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetic measurements. After studying the viability of immobilized model bacteria Escherichia coli, the encapsulation process was extended to magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum magneticum. The effect of a static magnetic field on these two types of microorganisms was studied.Finally, the process of intracellular biomineralization in magnetotactic bacteria was followed in the presence and absence of a static magnetic field on the immobilized cells and suspension. This approach allowed us to understand the phenomena related to encapsulation and exposure to an external magnetic environment. New effects of the continuous magnetic field on the kinetics of magnetosome production and on the collective dynamic of magnetosome chains within the encapsulated cells are described
Gaschignard, Geoffroy. "Étude structurale de la calcyanine, nouvelle protéine impliquée dans la biominéralisation intracellulaire chez les cyanobactéries." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS272.
Full textBiomineralisation is all the processes that lead to the formation of minerals by living beings. In 2012, a new biomineralization phenotype has been described in cyanobacteria, characterized by the presence of amorphous alkaline-earth carbonate inclusions inside the cells. A comparative genomic analysis revealed that this intracellular biomineralisation phenotype is linked to the presence of one gene, unknown at the time, which has been called ccyA. It codes for one protein called calcyanin. Calcyanin has 4 variants, that share the same C-terminus domain ((GlyZip)3), but which differ in their N-terminus domain (CoBaHMA, X, Y or Z). None of these 5 domains has already been described in the literature. The goal of this PhD was to characterize the 3D structure of Synechococcus calcipolaris’s calcyanin, which has a CoBaHMA domain, by combining bioinformatics and experimental approaches, in order to make hypothesis regarding its role. Through sequence analysis and 3D structure modeling, we showed that the CoBaHMA domain belongs to the “ferredoxin-like” fold, typical of the superfamily HMA (“Heavy Metal Associated”), and sets itself as a new family in it, characterized by conserved basic amino acids and an additional β strand (1). We have performed sequence similarity searches, refined with the structural information of the 3D structure models. This way, we showed that the CoBaHMA domain can be found on several different protein architectures, in various taxa. It exists has an independent domain, or in conjunction with other domains, especially membrane systems which, among others, allow transports of substrates through the membrane (PIB-type ATPases, ABC exporters) or new families with unknown functions. These results lead us to formulate hypotheses regarding the CoBaHMA domain function (2). We also proposed a robust model for the individual glycine zipper from which the name of the C-terminus domain (GlyZip)3 of calcyanins comes from. These glycine zippers have a structure of a compact hairpin made of two helices, which is akin to the ones of transmembrane proteins that form pore. However, we were not able to model satisfyingly their assembly nor their possible interactions with the CoBaHMA domain, emphasizing the importance of studying the protein experimentally. We successfully expressed calcyanin in Eschericha coli, and purified it. However the protein proved to be quite unstable, with a propensity to form a great diversity of objects with different sizes. A limited proteolysis experiment revealed the existence of a protease-resistant fragment of calcyanin, which encompasses the CoBaHMA domain and the first glycine zipper of the (GlyZip)3 domain. We expressed and purified this fragment, fused to MBP (« Maltose Binding Protein »). The fragment forms only one object in solution, but is prone to precipitation once separated from MBP. Yet we have successfully obtained crystals of this fragment, which pave the way to solve its experimental 3D structure. Calcyanin is a difficult protein to work with, both experimentally and by bioinformatics. But we managed to model and characterize several of its fragments. From that, we inferred relevant information on calcyanin. More specifically, we highlighted a new family of domains, CoBaHMA, which presence on other protein architectures opens up new hints to understand its function and evolution. (1) Benzerara et al., 2022 14(3): evav026. doi :10.1093/gbe/evac026. (2) Gaschignard et al., En préparation
De, Wever Alexis. "Étude de la biominéralisation de carbonates intracellulaires et de silicates de magnésium hydratés dans des environnements lacustres alcalins." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS480.pdf.
Full textStromatolites are laminated organo-sedimentary rocks composed of Ca and/or Mg carbonates but also Mg-silicates in some cases. The processes involved in their formation are still poorly understood. The main goal of this thesis was to better understand the geochemical and geomicrobiological processes that favor the formation or dissolution of carbonates and Mg-silicates in Mexican alkaline lacustrine environments. Two main axes have been developed. The first axis focused on the study of 52 cyanobacterial strains, some forming ACC intracellular, others not forming ACC. The strains were analyzed for their ability to incorporate Ca. The impact of alkaline earth elements on the growth of some of the strains was determined. In this study we have shown that ACC+ cyanobacterial strains incorporate more Ca than others and they store this Ca strongly in ACC and in polyP. In addition, we determined that ACC+ strains need more Ca for their growth and some of them are capable to substitute Ca by Sr and Ba for this purpose. We propose that ACC inclusions 1) can serve as ballasts, 2) can buffer intracellular pH and balance the formation of HCO3 conversion hydroxide to CO2 during carbon fixation and 3) available inorganic carbon storage for carbon dioxide. In addition, polyP could be involved in Ca storage. More broadly, ACC+ cyanobacteria have contributed to the dissolution of calcium carbonate and by extension stromatolites. The second axis focused on the study of Mg-silicate formation in sediments and mesocosms of 3 Mexican alkaline lakes but also in laboratory experiments. Mineralogical and chemical analyzes of magnesium silicates have been coupled with geochemical characterization of the solutions. The study of sediments showed the formation of an Al-low and an Al-rich stevensite-like phase and of ferrous or non-ferrous saponite-like. Several interpretations have been proposed regarding their formation: 1) dissolution of hydromagnesite and biogenic silica frustules, 2) it is inherited from the water column, 3) it is related to the alteration of feldspaths within sediments and 4) biomineralization in the water column. It has also been shown that a cyanobacterial strain was able to induce precipitation of magnesium silicates in an unbuffered medium. Mg-silicate formation in mesocosms from alkaline lakes is thought to be directly related to the mineralogical composition of microbialites, and possibly diatoms that allow Si to be introduced into the solution and locally into the biofilm and is biologically influenced by microbial community EPS
Park, Yeseul. "Metal sulfide biomineralization by magnetotactic bacteria." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0262.
Full textBiomineralization of metal sulfides has been broadly observed in microbial cultures and in nature. However, only a few cases have been reported as biologically-controlled processes, such as greigite produced by magnetotactic bacteria. I discovered a new type of intracellular metal sulfide biomineralization, while studying the impact of copper on greigite biomineralization by the magnetotactic bacterium Desulfamplus magnetovallimortis strain BW-1.The newly discovered metal sulfide biominerals are nanoscopic particles and have an interesting crystal structure and organization. These spherical or ellipsoidal particles are composed of 1-2 nm-sized sub-grains of hexagonal copper sulfide that remains in a metastable state. The particles are located in the periplasmic space, surrounded by an organic substance. Based on these observations, it was concluded that the biomineral produced and conserved is a result of biological control. Proteomics studies with cellular and particulate samples identified several proteins associated with the process. The initial result showed that two periplasmic proteins, a heavy metal resistant protein, and a DegP-like protease, are likely working together to react to the envelope stress caused by copper. Such intracellular biomineralization is organism-specific and only initiated by the increase of copper ions, but not by other metal ions like nickel, zinc, or cobalt. Overall, my work reveals unknown features of metal sulfide biomineralization, specifically within magnetotactic bacteria