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Journal articles on the topic 'Biomass pre-treatment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

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1

Özbay, Nurgül, and Elif Yaman. "Enhancing the Phenolic Content of Bio-Oil by Acid Pre-Treatment of Biomass." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 7, no. 2 (July 10, 2018): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.163-169.

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Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass with acidic pre-treatment to produce valuable bio-chemicals has been carried out in an integrated pyrolysis-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry system. Three different waste biomasses (fir wood sawdust, pine wood sawdust and nutshell) were subjected to acidic solution to specify the acid pre-treatment effect on biomass chemical structure, thermal degradation profile and pyrolysis products. Post acid pre-treatments, the changes in the biomasses and thermal degradation profile were studied through proximate, structure and ultimate analysis and thermogravimetric. The pre-treatment significantly reduced the inorganic, cellulose and hemicellulose content in biomass samples. According to the pyrolysis experiment results, acid pre-treatment provided the increasing of the amount of phenolic in the degradation products at 10 min pyrolysis time. All the results would assist further understanding of thermal decomposition and thermo-chemical application for bio-fuels and bio-chemicals of fir wood sawdust, pine wood sawdust and nutshell.Article History: Received January 15th 2018; Received in revised form May 24th 2018; Accepted 7th June 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ozbay, N. and Yaman, E (2018) Enhancing the Phenolic Content of Bio-Oil by Acid Pre-Treatment of Biomass. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 163-169.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.163-169

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2

Sulaiman, Shaharin Anwar, Nor Hazwani Mat Razali, Mohamad Nazmi Zaidi Bin Moni, and Muddasser Inayat. "Pre-treatment of oil palm fronds biomass for gasification." MATEC Web of Conferences 131 (2017): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713103016.

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3

Bhutto, Abdul Waheed, Khadija Qureshi, Khanji Harijan, Rashid Abro, Tauqeer Abbas, Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi, Sadia Karim, and Guangren Yu. "Insight into progress in pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass." Energy 122 (March 2017): 724–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.005.

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4

Srivastava, N. K., S. S. Parhi, M. K. Jha, and T. R. Sreekrishnan. "Optimization of effect of pre-treatment on Chromium removal by algal biomass using Response Surface Methodology." International Journal of Engineering Research 3, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17950/ijer/v3s3/308.

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5

Stephanidis, S., C. Nitsos, K. Kalogiannis, E. F. Iliopoulou, A. A. Lappas, and K. S. Triantafyllidis. "Catalytic upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis vapours: Effect of hydrothermal pre-treatment of biomass." Catalysis Today 167, no. 1 (June 2011): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2010.12.049.

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6

Carneiro-Junior, José Airton de Mattos, Eduardo Oliveira Teles, Fabio Matos Fernandes, Carine Tondo Alves, Silvio Alexandre Beisl Vieira de Melo, and Ednildo Andrade Torres. "Torrefaction as a Pre-Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 289–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss1.2898.

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This article sought to investigate biomass torrefaction, analyzing the collaboration network between authors, institutions and countries in order to systematize the dynamics of scientific research on the subject. The systematic evaluation of the articles obtained in the scope of the research was important to provide an overview of the main stakeholders in the academic and institutional scope. This research is characterized as exploratory-descriptive of quantitative nature, whose technical procedure adopted was bibliometric research. A set of 662 documents were extracted from the main collection of Web of Science. The Vosviewer software was used to create scientific collaboration and co-citation networks. It was noted that the number of documents has been growing steadily since 2011, with a high degree of multidisciplinary collaboration and prolific contributions from American and Chinese researchers on this topic. The USA is the country with the largest number of publications (120 publications), followed by China (70 publications). There was a total of 1,894 authors and 594 institutions researching on biomass torrefaction, with SINTEF Energy Research - Norway having the largest number of publications, followed by National Cheng Kung University - Taiwan and Norwegian University of Science and Technology - Norway. The use of bibliometrics proposed here offers a systematic and dynamic approach to scientific research on biomass torrefaction. The identified groupings and collaboration networks presented a specific outline of the contents already published, authors, countries and institutions, in order to contribute as a starting point to future work in the field of biomass torrefaction.

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Rizal, Nur, Mohamad Ibrahim, Mohd Zakaria, Suraini Abd-Aziz, Phang Yee, and Mohd Hassan. "Pre-treatment of Oil Palm Biomass for Fermentable Sugars Production." Molecules 23, no. 6 (June 7, 2018): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23061381.

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8

Rasid, R. Abdul, and M. H. M. Yusoff. "The Potential of CO2 Torrefaction as Biomass Pre- Treatment Method." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 7 (February 1, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i7/111462.

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9

Onumaegbu, C., J. Mooney, A. Alaswad, and A. G. Olabi. "Pre-treatment methods for production of biofuel from microalgae biomass." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 93 (October 2018): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.015.

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10

Harun, Razif, W. S. Y. Jason, Tamara Cherrington, and Michael K. Danquah. "Exploring alkaline pre-treatment of microalgal biomass for bioethanol production." Applied Energy 88, no. 10 (October 2011): 3464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.10.048.

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11

Wright, Alexander, Andrew Rollinson, Dipti Yadav, Szymon Lisowski, Felipe Iza, Richard Holdich, Tanja Radu, and H. C. Hemaka Bandulasena. "Plasma-assisted pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for anaerobic digestion." Food and Bioproducts Processing 124 (November 2020): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.09.005.

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12

Laksmi Nugraha, Endah, and Ridho Hantoro. "Torrefaction of Empty Fruit Bunch as Fibrous Biomass Pre-Treatment." Materials Science Forum 964 (July 2019): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.151.

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The utilization of empty bunches (EFB) as biomass still limited. EFB is used as additional fuel in palm oil mills where the combustion process is directly used. This process has deficiencies due to the characteristics of empty bunches which tend to have high water content. To achieve good combustion results, EFB required pre-treatment technique. In this study, experimental studies of EFB pre-treatment is proposed by torrefaction to improve EFB energy quality. Torrefaction of EFB is performed in several temperature variations with a range between 150-300 °C (150,200,250,300) and a certain duration (15,20,25,30,45 minutes). An investigation is done by using a calorimetric bomb, proximate analysis to find the moisture and ash content and ultimate analysis, which determined the chemical properties of the pre-treatment process. The physical properties of EFB, which fibrous and tough makes EFB size reduction difficult to reach homogenous state. Mass yield of torrefied EFB decreased with increasing temperature as well as with increasing times of torrefaction. Fundamentally, the study has highlighted the effects of torrefaction on solid fuel properties of EFB and its potential as a solid fuel for future thermal applications.

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13

Tigunova, O. O. "ULTRASONIC DISINTEGRATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE RAW MATERIALS AS A PRE-TREATMENT OF A SUBSTRATE FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF BIOBUTANOL." Biotechnologia Acta 14, no. 5 (October 2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech14.05.049.

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Aim. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonic disintegration on the lignocellulosic raw materials (biomass of the non-cereal part of rape) with its subsequent use as a substrate for the production of biobutanol. Methods. Butanol-producing strains and the biomass of the non-cereal part of rape Brassica napus were used in the present study. Ultrasonic disintegration of lignocellulosic raw materials was performed on the specially designed equipment. Results. The effect of ultrasonic disintegration on lignocellulosic raw materials was investigated for further application in biofuel production based on microbiological conversion. The possibility of using the obtained components after the pre-treatment of lignocellulose by ultrasonic disintegration as a substrate for the microbiological synthesis of butanol was shown. The highest accumulation of butanol (2.4 g/l) was obtained with the use of 5% dry matter content in the medium, 5 min treatment and the specific power of ultrasonic disintegration of 0.72 W/ml. Conclusions. The possibility of producer strains of the genus Clostridium to use cellulose in the fermentation process has been shown. When using ultrasonic disintegration for pretreatment of the non-cereal part of the biomass of rape, the accumulation of butanol increased by 3 folds.

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Ranade, Nanda V., Sanjay Nagarajan, Varaha Sarvothaman, and Vivek V. Ranade. "ANN based modelling of hydrodynamic cavitation processes: Biomass pre-treatment and wastewater treatment." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 72 (April 2021): 105428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105428.

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15

Tonon, Gustavo, Bruna Scandolara Magnus, Rodrigo A. Mohedano, Wanderli R. M. Leite, Rejane H. R. da Costa, and Paulo Belli Filho. "Pre treatment of Duckweed Biomass, Obtained from Wastewater Treatment Ponds, for Biogas Production." Waste and Biomass Valorization 8, no. 7 (January 4, 2017): 2363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9800-1.

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16

Goldšteins, Linards, Māris Gunārs Dzenis, Raimonds Valdmanis, Maija Zaķe, and Alexandr Arshanitsa. "Thermo-Chemical Conversion of Microwave Selectively Pre-Treated Biomass Blends." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030755.

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Possibilities of more efficient use of regional lignocellulosic resources (wood, wheat straw, peat) of different origin for an environmentally friendly energy production using selectively MW pre-treated blends of commercial wood or wheat straw pellets with raw peat pellets are studied. A hypothesis is proposed and tested that selective MW pre-treatment of wood or wheat straw pellets at the frequency 2.45 GHz and blending of MW pre-treated pellets with raw peat pellets can be used to enhance and control the thermo-chemical conversion of biomass blends. To test this hypothesis, a combined experimental study and mathematical modelling of the processes were performed. The thermo-chemical conversion of selectively activated blends was experimentally studied using a batch-size pilot device, which consists of a biomass gasifier and a combustor. To evaluate the effect of selective MW pre-treatment of biomass pellets on the thermo-chemical conversion of pre-treated blends, measurements of the kinetics of weight loss, yield of combustible volatiles, flame temperature, heat output of the device, and composition of emissions were made at different MW pre-treatment regimes of wheat straw and wood pellets and different mass fractions of pre-treated pellets in biomass blends. The developed novel 2D numerical model of thermo-chemical conversion of MW pre-treated straw confirmed that the pre-treatment of wheat straw pellets increases the generated heat and significantly affects the temperature distribution in the flame/bed zones. It was confirmed that MW pre-treatment leads to a faster thermal decomposition of biomass pellets, synergistically activating the non-treated parts of blends. The overall improved yield of combustible volatiles and their complete combustion provide a surplus of heat production by limiting the formation of GHG emissions, which allows promoting MW pre-treated biomass of different origin as efficient regional bioenergy resources for energy production.

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17

Skevi, Lorena, Vahiddin Alperen Baki, Yanjin Feng, Maria Valderrabano, and Xinyuan Ke. "Biomass Bottom Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Material: The Effect of Mechanochemical Pre-Treatment and Mineral Carbonation." Materials 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 8357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238357.

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The need to mitigate the CO2 emissions deriving from the cement industry becomes imperative as the climate crisis advances. An effective strategy to achieve this is increasing the replacement level of cement clinkers by waste-derived supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). In this study, the use of mechanochemically activated biomass ash for high-volume (up to 40%) substitution of cement is investigated. The effect of mineral carbonation treatment on the performance of the mechanochemically treated biomass ash as SCM was also examined. The results showed that the mechanochemically treated biomass ash was the most effective SCM, with the respective samples at 40% cement replacement reaching 63% of the strength at 28 days as compared to samples with 100% Portland cement, while only 17% of the strength was achieved in samples with 40% untreated biomass ash. As suggested by the isothermal calorimetry, XRD, FTIR, and TG analysis, the mechanochemical treatment enhanced the reactivity and the filler effect of the biomass ash, leading to improved mechanical performances of these mortars compared to those containing untreated biomass ash. Mineral carbonation reduced the reactivity of the mechanochemically treated biomass ash but still led to better strength performances in comparison to the untreated biomass ash.

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18

Madadi, Meysam, Yuanyuan Tu, and Aqleem Abbas. "Pretreatment of Lignocelollusic Biomass Based on Improving Enzymatic Hydrolysis." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v5i1.17018.

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Lignocellulosic materials among the alternative energy resources are the most desirable resources that can be employed to produce cellulosic ethanol, but this materials due to physical and chemical structure arranges strong native recalcitrance and results in low yield of ethanol. Then, a proper pre-treatment method is required to overcome this challenge. Until now, different pre-treatment technologies have been established to enhance lignocellulosic digestibility. This paper widely describes the structure of lignocellulosic biomass and effective parameters in pre-treatment of lignocelluloses, such as cellulose crystallinity, accessible surface area, and protection by lignin and hemicellulose. In addition, an overview about the most important pre-treatment processes include physical, chemical, and biological are provided. Finally, we described about the inhibitors enzymes which produced from sugar degradation during pre-treatment process and the ways to control this inhibitors.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 1-11

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19

Vasmara, Ciro, Stefano Cianchetta, Rosa Marchetti, Enrico Ceotto, and Stefania Galletti. "Potassium Hydroxyde Pre-Treatment Enhances Methane Yield from Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.)." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030630.

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The biogas production through the anaerobic digestion (AD) of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) biomass has received increasing attention. However, due to the presence of lignin, a low CH4 yield can be obtained. Aiming to improve the CH4 yield from giant reed biomass, the effectiveness of a thermo-chemical pre-treatment based on KOH was evaluated in this paper. The usefulness of a washing step before the AD was also assessed. The pre-treatment led to a specific CH4 yield up to 232 mL CH4 g−1 VS which was 21% higher than that from untreated biomass; the maximum daily rate of production was improved by 42%, AD duration was reduced by 10%, and CH4 concentration in the biogas was increased by 23%. On the contrary, the washing step did not improve the AD process. Besides, washing away the liquid fraction led to biomass losses, reducing the overall CH4 production. The use of a KOH-based pre-treatment appears as a good option for enhancing the AD of giant reed, also presenting potential environmental and agronomical benefits, like the avoidance of salty wastewater production and the likely improvement of the digestate quality, due to its enriched K content.

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20

Singh, Singam Suranjoy, Loong-Tak Lim, and Annamalai Manickavasagan. "Enhanced microfibrillation of Miscanthus × giganteus biomass by binary-enzymes pre-treatment." Industrial Crops and Products 177 (March 2022): 114537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114537.

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21

Rana Chhetri, Bibek, Dipika Acharya, Arjun Gautam, Nasala Bajracharya, Anuj Shrestha, and Smriti Khadka. "Microbial Pre-treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production: A Review." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 10, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v10i3.47510.

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Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB), second-generation biofuels are used as an alternative means to cope with the burning issues of depleting fossil fuels like petroleum products with the added advantage of renewability, lower emission, and lesser pollution. For the increment in the production of LCB biofuels, microbial pre-treatment processes are conducted which accelerates the degradation of organic polymers like lignin and hemicellulose with the activity of potential microorganisms. To increase the efficiency of degradation of hemicellulose, hemicellulolytic fungi including Trichoderma and Aspergillus and other bacteria produce multi-enzymatic complexes like cellulosomes. Similarly, organisms like Tinea versicolor, Dichomitus squalens, Phlebia floridensis, Daedalea flavida, and Phlebia radiata contain lignin-degrading auxiliary enzymes and lignin modifying enzymes like laccase and heme-containing peroxidase which aid in delignification process. Several factors are associated with pre-treatment processes like the type of strain, inoculum load, pH, temperature, fatty acids, C/N ratio, time, aeration, grindability, surface area, particle size, and supplements added. To enhance the pretreatment method, the combination of microbial with physical, chemical, and mechanical methods is suggested which leads to a synergistic effect and better yield of the final product. Overall, biofuels should be more employed and this review aims to bring light to the microbial pre-treatment approaches which can aid in the efficient production of biofuels that can directly contribute to environmental sustainability.

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Halder, Pobitra, Sazal Kundu, Savankumar Patel, Adi Setiawan, Rob Atkin, Rajarathinam Parthasarthy, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro, Aravind Surapaneni, and Kalpit Shah. "Progress on the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass employing ionic liquids." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 105 (May 2019): 268–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.052.

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23

Dobele, G., T. Dizhbite, G. Rossinskaja, G. Telysheva, D. Meier, S. Radtke, and O. Faix. "Pre-treatment of biomass with phosphoric acid prior to fast pyrolysis." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 68-69 (August 2003): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2370(03)00063-9.

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24

Tedesco, S., T. Marrero Barroso, and A. G. Olabi. "Optimization of mechanical pre-treatment of Laminariaceae spp. biomass-derived biogas." Renewable Energy 62 (February 2014): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.08.023.

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25

Chubar, Natália, Jorge R. Carvalho, and M. Joana Neiva Correia. "Heavy metals biosorption on cork biomass: effect of the pre-treatment." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 238, no. 1-3 (May 2004): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.01.039.

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26

Harun, Razif, and Michael K. Danquah. "Influence of acid pre-treatment on microalgal biomass for bioethanol production." Process Biochemistry 46, no. 1 (January 2011): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2010.08.027.

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27

da Costa Lopes, André M., Karen G. João, Djonatam F. Rubik, Ewa Bogel-Łukasik, Luís C. Duarte, Jürgen Andreaus, and Rafał Bogel-Łukasik. "Pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids: Wheat straw fractionation." Bioresource Technology 142 (August 2013): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.032.

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28

Bernardo, Joana, Francisco Gírio, and Rafał Łukasik. "The Effect of the Chemical Character of Ionic Liquids on Biomass Pre-Treatment and Posterior Enzymatic Hydrolysis." Molecules 24, no. 4 (February 23, 2019): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040808.

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Ionic liquids have been recognised as interesting solvents applicable in efficient lignocellulosic biomass valorisation, especially in biomass fractionation into individual polymeric components or direct hydrolysis of some biomass fractions. Considering the chemical character of ionic liquids, two different approaches paved the way for the fractionation of biomass. The first strategy integrated a pre-treatment, hydrolysis and conversion of biomass through the employment of hydrogen-bond acidic 1-ethyl-3-methyimidazolim hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid. The second strategy relied on the use of a three-step fractionation process with hydrogen-bond basic 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate to produce high purity cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin fractions. The proposed approaches were scrutinised for wheat straw and eucalyptus residues. These different biomasses enabled an understanding that enzymatic hydrolysis yields are dependent on the crystallinity of the pre-treated biomass. The use of acetate based ionic liquid allowed crystalline cellulose I to change to cellulose II and consequently enhanced the glucan to glucose yield to 93.1 ± 4.1 mol% and 82.9 ± 1.2 mol% for wheat straw and eucalyptus, respectively. However, for hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid, the same enzymatic hydrolysis yields were 61.6 ± 0.2 mol% for wheat straw and only 7.9 ± 0.3 mol% for eucalyptus residues. These results demonstrate the importance of both ionic liquid character and biomass type for efficient biomass processing.

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29

Vamza, Ilze, Karlis Valters, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Multi-Criteria Analysis of Lignocellulose Substrate Pre-Treatment." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0118.

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Abstract Due to growing topicality of indirect land use change, greater shift towards second generation biofuels should be observed. In order to help smaller biogas and bioethanol producers, multi-criteria analysis of lignocellulose pre-treatment is conducted to elucidate the most preferable approach for lignocellulose pre-treatment. There are four main pre-treatment groups – biological, chemical, physical and physochemical pre-treatment. In this article three pre-treatment types were described by highlighting their specific approaches; using multi-criteria analysis a conclusion was reached that the most preferable pre-treatment option for lignocellulose biomass like corn stover or sugarcane is microbiological pre-treatment, as it showed the closest proximity to ideal solution.

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30

Vamza, Ilze, Karlis Valters, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Multi-Criteria Analysis of Lignocellulose Substrate Pre-Treatment." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0118.

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AbstractDue to growing topicality of indirect land use change, greater shift towards second generation biofuels should be observed. In order to help smaller biogas and bioethanol producers, multi-criteria analysis of lignocellulose pre-treatment is conducted to elucidate the most preferable approach for lignocellulose pre-treatment. There are four main pre-treatment groups – biological, chemical, physical and physochemical pre-treatment. In this article three pre-treatment types were described by highlighting their specific approaches; using multi-criteria analysis a conclusion was reached that the most preferable pre-treatment option for lignocellulose biomass like corn stover or sugarcane is microbiological pre-treatment, as it showed the closest proximity to ideal solution.

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31

Pereira, Pedro M. A., Joana R. Bernardo, Luisa Bivar Roseiro, Francisco Gírio, and Rafał M. Łukasik. "Imidazole Processing of Wheat Straw and Eucalyptus Residues—Comparison of Pre-Treatment Conditions and Their Influence on Enzymatic Hydrolysis." Molecules 26, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 7591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247591.

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Biomass pre-treatment is a key step in achieving the economic competitiveness of biomass conversion. In the present work, an imidazole pre-treatment process was performed and evaluated using wheat straw and eucalyptus residues as model feedstocks for agriculture and forest-origin biomasses, respectively. Results showed that imidazole is an efficient pre-treatment agent; however, better results were obtained for wheat straw due to the recalcitrant behavior of eucalyptus residues. The temperature had a stronger effect than time on wheat straw pre-treatment but at 160 °C and 4 h, similar results were obtained for cellulose and hemicellulose content from both biomasses (ca. 54% and 24%, respectively). Lignin content in the pre-treated solid was higher for eucalyptus residues (16% vs. 4%), as expected. Enzymatic hydrolysis, applied to both biomasses after different pre-treatments, revealed that results improved with increasing temperature/time for wheat straw. However, these conditions had no influence on the results for eucalyptus residues, with very low glucan to glucose enzymatic hydrolysis yield (93% for wheat straw vs. 40% for eucalyptus residues). Imidazole can therefore be considered as a suitable solvent for herbaceous biomass pre-treatment.

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32

Alizadeh, Peyman, Tim Dumonceaux, Lope G. Tabil, Edmund Mupondwa, Majid Soleimani, and Duncan Cree. "Steam Explosion Pre-Treatment of Sawdust for Biofuel Pellets." Clean Technologies 4, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 1175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4040072.

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The current study explores steam explosion pre-treatment of wood sawdust to develop high-quality biofuel pellets. In order to determine optimized conditions (temperature and residence time) for steam-treated biomass, seven test responses were chosen, including bulk, particle and pellet densities as well as tensile strength, dimensional stability, ash content and higher heating value (HHV). Parameters tested for steam treatment process included the combination of temperatures 180, 200 and 220 °C and durations of 3, 6 and 9 min. Results showed that when the severity of steam pre-treatment increased from 2.83 to 4.49, most of the qualities except HHV and ash content were favorable for steam pretreated materials. The pellet density of pretreated sawdust in comparison to raw sawdust resulted in 20% improvement (1262 kg/m3 for pretreated material compared with 1049 kg/m3 for non-treated material). Another important factor in determining the best pellet quality is tensile strength, which can be as high as 5.59 MPa for pretreated pellets compared with 0.32 MPa for non-treated pellets. As a result, transportation and handling properties can be enhanced for steam pretreated biomass pellets. After optimization, the selected treatment was analyzed for elemental and chemical composition. Lower nitrogen and sulfur contents compared with fossil fuels make steam pretreated pellets a cleaner option for home furnaces and industrial boilers. High-quality pellets were produced based on optimized pre-treatment conditions and are therefore suggested for bioenergy applications.

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33

Humpy, Bulla, Swetha Kumar, and Sahabudeen Mohideen. "Influence of fruits and vegetable waste pre-treatment on black soldier fly larval growth." Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics 6, no. 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d100.

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Hermetia illuciens, commonly known as black soldier fly (BSF) can convert organic biomass into manure and insect biomass into protein and fat. Currently, in the waste management industry, BSF larvae are predominantly used to convert valorized organic substrates into fertilizer and to produce biogas. They are also alternatively used as viable protein substitutes for animal feed as well as human consumer products. The treatment of organic wastes before BSFL consumption indicated a positive stimulation in the biomass conversion rate, larval growth rate and overall larval performance parameters. The current study was designed to analyze the effect of the bio-stimulation-based pre-treatment strategy of the feed on performance parameters, such as larval weight, larval survival rate, substrate reduction by pre-treatment of biowaste for better growth, efficient performance, and good biomass composition in BSFL. In our study, we noticed significant up- and downregulation of several larval parameters by assessing substrate composition, larval growth parameters and substrate reduction rate. The bio-stimulated waste showed larval weight gain when compared to larvae grown in control feed. The heat pretreated waste was not suitable for larval growth as the parameters assessed were observed to be declined. Further investigations are needed to comprehend how BSFL reared on pretreated substrates enhances the nutritional composition of larvae.

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Ojo, O. T., and N. G. Olaiya. "CRITICAL REVIEW ON ENZYMATIC ASSISTED ISOLATION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBRE FROM PLANT FIBRES AND ITS FUNCTIONAL APPLICATION IN NANO-BIOCOMPOSITE." FUTA JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY 16, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51459/futajeet.2022.16.1.416.

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Pre-treatment technique of biomass for cellulose nanofiber isolation is very significant on its properties. Several techniques have been used for pre-treatment of biomass, however much has not been done on the use of combined pre-treatment for Cellulose Nanofibre (CNF) isolations. The use of enzymes has been attached to the extraction of ethanol from biomass. In this study, a critical review of the application of combine mechanical-enzymes in isolation of CNF was discussed. A parametric study of factors that influence the output of mechanical and enzymatic hydrolysis was done with reference to previous work in this area. The review concluded by assessing the viability of enzymatic hydrolysis in combination with other techniques for successful isolation of cellulose nanofibre

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Hammerer, Fabien, Shaghayegh Ostadjoo, Karolin Dietrich, Marie-Josée Dumont, Luis F. Del Rio, Tomislav Friščić, and Karine Auclair. "Rapid mechanoenzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass without bulk water or chemical pre-treatment." Green Chemistry 22, no. 12 (2020): 3877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc00903b.

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Liu, Bing Jun, Jin Song Zhou, and Qing Chen. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Fischer-Tropsch Fuels from Biomass." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 2366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2366.

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As a clean renewable energy, biomass energy is now gradually being used in electric power, chemicals, heating and other related industries with great potential, and further research is also ongoing in depth. At the same time, because the demand of the construction of environment-friendly society, feed gas from biomass gasification for Fischer-Tropsch fuel synthesis in this way also has gained more and more attention. For the selection of ideal way to obtain synthetic fuels with relatively high system efficiency from biomass, this paper simulation for a variety of processes and different gasification conditions based on Gibbs free energy minimization method. The impacts of pre-treatment of biomass, temperature of gasification and pressure are analyzed. In the evaluation of energy efficiency of the system, an exergy analysis of biomass integrated process is presented. All parts of the process were calculated and compared, which mainly includes the gasification, pre-treatment, HRSG, compression, purification, WGS and FT reactor sections. The results showed that in the process the largest exergy losses take place in the gasifier section, and the pre-treatment of biomass materials for this part will have a greater impact on exergy loss.

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Gupta, Sanjay Mohan, Kamal Kumar, Rakshit Pathak, and Sanjai Kumar Dwivedi. "Catalysed-microwave based Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass of Camelina Sativa L. for Bio-Fuel Production." Defence Life Science Journal 3, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.3.11592.

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<p>Lignocellulosic biomasses are promising alternative resource for bio-fuel production. But due to the recalcitrant nature of lignin and hemicellulose, necessitates an efficient pre-treatment process to improve the yield of reducing sugars and maximising the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. Catalysed-microwave pre-treatment may be a good alternative as compared to other methods since it can reduce the time and improve the enzymatic activity during hydrolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the catalysed-microwave based pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass of Camelina sativa straw (CSS) to overcome the recalcitrant nature of cellulosic biomass. The microwave-alkaline (2 % NaOH) pre-treatment of CSS at 250 W for 10 min yields maximum (~422 mg/g) total soluble sugars (TSS) production during hydrolysis. Likewise, the maximum glucose content (~294 mg/g) was measured in 2 % alkaline-microwave pre-treatment for 10 min at RT. However, slight increase in lignin degradation was observed with the increase in alkaline hydroxide concentration and microwave irradiation exposure time. The maximum degradation in lignin content (~83 %) was measured in 3 % alkaline-microwave pre-treatment for 20 min at RT. Our results suggest that the microwave-alkaline pre-treatment approach may be employed for comprehensive utilisation of CSS biomass of Camelina sativa L. cv. Calena (EC643910) for bio-fuel production.</p>

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Roy, Rupak, Tania Paul, Kunal Vora, Duttatreya Nandi, Sambit Tarafdar, Saurav Shil, Pritam Dey, and Sayan Bardhan. "Impact of dilute acid pre-treatment on the energy generation potential from Sugarcane Bagasse: A comprehensive study." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 26 (December 30, 2021): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2021.v26.009.

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The rapid industrialization, urbanization, and population explosion have resulted in increased energy consumption, resulting in growing credence on conventional fossil fuels (like coal and petroleum). The literature suggested that the fossil fuel reserve is diminishing rapidly and are also associated with the spectrum of entanglement like degradation of overall environmental quality, pressure on global treasury etc. On the contrary, clean and carbon neutral energy sources are an excellent alternative in this critical scenarioof energy crisis due to their greater abundance and carbon neutrality. Accordingly, a biomass-based energy recovery system has substantiated potential in this cognizance. Waste biomass is a particular biomass class that has gained significant research engrossment in the utilization of feedstock in energy recovery applications. However, a biomass-based energy recovery system is often reported to be uneconomical. Hence a sustainable approach of custom-made technologies should be taken towards this end by harnessing the colossal biomass reserve to generate power from then in a cost-beneficial and eco-friendly manner. The present study focuses on the impact of chemical pre-treatment (chosen in the form of sulphuric acid) on various energetic properties of waste biomass (chosen in the form of sugarcane bagasse). The waste biomass's compositional analysis, bulk density, ultimate & proximate analysis, and calorific value (in terms of higher heating value or HHV) were carried out after dilute acid pre-treatments by following standard procedures as cited in literature. The obtained results indicated that dilute acid pre-treatment has significant potential for better energy recovery potential. Maximum rise in the various properties was for acid pre-treatment with 5% acid. This study can greatly favour the upcoming headway and further scaling-up of the biomass-based energy harvesting technology promoting sustainable societal advancement.

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Szwarc, Dawid, and Katarzyna Głowacka. "Increasing the Biogas Potential of Rapeseed Straw Using Pulsed Electric Field Pre-Treatment." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 9, 2021): 8307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248307.

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Due to the high availability of lignocellulosic biomass, which can be obtained from terrestrial plants, agricultural waste biomass, and the agro-food, paper or wood industries, its use for energy production by methane fermentation is economically and environmentally justified. However, due to their complex structures, lignocellulosic substrates have a low conversion factor to biogas. Therefore, scientists are still working on the development of new methods of the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials that will increase the biogas productivity from lignocellulosic biomass. The presented research focuses on the use of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to disintegrate rapeseed straw prior to the methane fermentation process. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that, in the disintegrated sample, the extent of damage to the plant tissue was more severe than in the control sample. In the sample disintegrated for 7 min, the chemical oxygen demand increased from 4146 ± 75 mg/L to 4920 ± 60 mg/L. The best result was achieved with a 5-min PEF pre-treatment. The methane production reached 290.8 ± 12.1 NmL CH4/g VS, and the biogas production was 478.0 ± 27.5 NmL/g VS; it was 14% and 15% higher, respectively, compared to the control sample.

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Lancefield, Christopher S., Isabella Panovic, Peter J. Deuss, Katalin Barta, and Nicholas J. Westwood. "Pre-treatment of lignocellulosic feedstocks using biorenewable alcohols: towards complete biomass valorisation." Green Chemistry 19, no. 1 (2017): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc02739c.

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Here, we report on the ability of the biomass derived solvents ethanol and, in particular,n-butanol to fractionate lignocellulose into its main components. The developed process gives high quality carbohydrate and lignin fractions in good yields.

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Mukhtar, A. A., H. M. Sadiq, A. S. Alhassan, and H. I. Abdullahi. "Effect of pretreatment on Typha biomass for biogas production." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 15, no. 1 (December 9, 2022): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v15i1.20.

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Plant biomass as an alternative energy source serves as a viable option for improving sustainable development and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the tight bonding within its constituents may hinder anaerobic digestion, thus, requires pretreatment to break down the complex polysaccharide structure into simpler disaccharide and monosaccharide sugars to facilitate digestion and enhance the production of biogas. The research determined the effect physical and chemical pre-treatment methods of Typha biomass for biogas production. Characteristics determined include; carbonnitrogen (C-N) ratio for Typha biomass, temperature, pH, total solids (TS) and volatile solids (VS) of slurry formed by mixing the biomass with cow-dung in ratio 1:1. The volume of biogas produced was determined by water displacement method using an anaerobic digester while the mass balance approach was used to estimate the biogas yield from the TS/VS lost. Results indicated 31.6 C-N ratio; pH of 6.7; Temperature of 32.4OC and TS of 11.3%, which falls within suitable ranges reported for biogas production. The volume of biogas produced was 180 cm3, 235cm3 and 118cm3 for control, physical and chemical pre-treated samples respectively. Similarly, the biogas yield was 21mg/l, 15mg/l and 48mg/l for control, physical and chemical pre-treatment respectively. Hence the findings revealed physical pre-treatment as the best pretreatment method for biogas generation from Typha biomass in relation to chemical pretreatment and untreated Typha biomass.

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El-Gohary, Fatma A., and Fayza A. Nasr. "Cost-effective pre-treatment of wastewater." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 5 (March 1, 1999): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0227.

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The implementation of low-cost, simple mitigation measures is required for the timely control and sustainable management of pollution problems in developing countries. Recently, the use of anaerobic systems for wastewater treatment has received a growing attention since they represent an alternative cost-effective approach for removal of pollutants. Therefore, evaluation of the performance of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor, as a pre-treatment step for industrial as well as domestic wastewater was the subject of this study. The results obtained showed that the performance of one-stage UASB at 8hrs hydraulic retention time (HRT) for domestic wastewater treatment was quite satisfactory. CODtot and BODtot removal values averaged 77% and 83%. Comparison of the performance of a one-stage versus two-stage reactor, having the same volume and operated at the same HRT (8 hr) and biomass concentration indicated an improvement in the quality of the two-stage effluent. With regard to the wastewater discharged from a potato-chips factory, the use of one-stage UASB at a detention time of 18hrs and an average organic load of 2.9 kg BOD/m3/d gave good results. Average residual values of COD, BOD, TSS and oil and grease in the treated effluent were 650, 342, 203 and 63 mg/l, respectively. Operation of a two-stage pilot-scale UASB indicated better performance as expressed by COD and BOD removal values.

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Zakki, Ahmad Taufeq Ismadi Ahmad, Muhammad Zulhaziman Mat Salleh, Sorfina Amran, and Shuhaida Harun. "Solubility Study of Lignin Monomeric Compounds in Deep Eutectic Solvents for Biomass Waste Pre-treatment." Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 10, SP2 (December 26, 2022): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v10isp2.723.

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Lignin is a complex polymer class formed from the cell wall, it is an organic polymer with a variety of biological aspects and industrial applications. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been introduced as a green solvent to dissolve lignin from lignocellulosic biomass. DESs typically have low vapor pressure, high heat stability, low toxicity and biodegradation which are the ideal features for lignocellulosic biomass pre-treatment. In this work, Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used to determine the suitable DESs for lignin degradation. The performance of the selected DESs was tested on lignin monomeric compounds, commercial lignin and the actual biomass of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). Three DESs were used to test its lignin dissolution capability, i.e. choline chloride:urea (ChCl:Ur) (1:2), choline chloride:glycerol (ChCl:Gly) (1:2) and choline chloride:glucose ( ChCl:Glu) (1:1). The saturation points of dissolving each lignin type were determined for each DES. It was experimentally found that ChCl:Ur (1:2) could dissolve more lignin than ChCl:Gly (1:2) and ChCl:Glu (1:1). This work shows the possibility of using DES to dissolve lignin structures for biomass pretreatment and utilization.

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Sibiya, N. T., B. Oboirien, A. Lanzini, M. Gandiglio, D. Ferrero, D. Papurello, and S. O. Bada. "Effect of different pre-treatment methods on gasification properties of grass biomass." Renewable Energy 170 (June 2021): 875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.01.147.

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Viegas, Catarina, Luísa Gouveia, and Margarida Gonçalves. "Bioremediation of cattle manure using microalgae after pre-treatment with biomass ash." Bioresource Technology Reports 14 (June 2021): 100681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100681.

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Amini, Negin, Swarit Dwivedi, Waqar Ahmad, Victoria S. Haritos, and Akshat Tanksale. "Polar solvents enhance the efficiency of microwave pre-treatment of woody biomass." Biomass and Bioenergy 155 (December 2021): 106281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106281.

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Magalhães da Silva, Sara P., André M. da Costa Lopes, Luisa B. Roseiro, and Rafał Bogel-Łukasik. "Novel pre-treatment and fractionation method for lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids." RSC Advances 3, no. 36 (2013): 16040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra43091j.

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Kashaninejad, Mahdi, and Lope G. Tabil. "Effect of microwave–chemical pre-treatment on compression characteristics of biomass grinds." Biosystems Engineering 108, no. 1 (January 2011): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.10.008.

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Ismail, Shahrul, Mizan Qistina Saharuddin, and Mohamed Shahrir Mohamed Zahari. "Upgraded Seawater-Alkaline Pre-Treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bio-Methane Production." Energy Procedia 138 (October 2017): 372–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.390.

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Dollhofer, Veronika, Vasilis Dandikas, Samart Dorn-In, Christoph Bauer, Michael Lebuhn, and Johann Bauer. "Accelerated biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass after pre-treatment with Neocallimastix frontalis." Bioresource Technology 264 (September 2018): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.068.

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