Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bioluminescent detection'
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Wang, Jing. "Detection and characterization of harmful algae by bioluminescent stress fingerprinting." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1978.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Nawawi, Mustaffa bin. "Flow injection analysis with bioluminescence detection." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/31964.
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The detection of bacterial contamination of water, pharmaceutical products etc. is of great importance, and is most conveniently performed by the detection of bacterial ATP (Adenosine TriPhosphate) using the luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence system. This system uses unstable and expensive reagents, and emits transient light signals. In this study an FIA (Flow Injection Analysis) system was set up to monitor the light signal produced by the reaction. Using a luminometric detector (a liquid scintillation counter) with the FIA system, the reaction length, sample volume, flow rates, pH etc. were investigated.
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Price, Rachel Louise. "Rapid, specific detection of bacteria using adenylate kinase bioluminescence." Thesis, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273952.
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Staley, Lindsey M. "Detection of Bacteriophage Infection Using Absorbance, Bioluminescence, and Fluorescence Tests." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1304008676.
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Rattray, Elizabeth A. S. "Development of a bioluminescence-based detection system for a genetically modified microorganism." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU603170.
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A molecular-based monitoring system was developed for the detection and enumeration of a genetically modified microorganism, based on bacterial bioluminescence. Plasmids containing various cassettes of the genes encoding bacterial bioluminescence were introduced into the model organism, Escherichia coli. Bioluminescence was monitored during growth using luminometry. Light output varied with host strain and plasmid construct. Those strains containing the entire lux operon exhibited similar bioluminescence profiles to Vibrio fischeri, with induction of light production being dependent on cell density. Escherichia coli strains containing a truncated lux operon showed partial induction of luminescence with growth. The most appropriate constructs for environmental detection were those only containing the genes coding for the functional subunits of luciferase (luxAB) under the control of a constitutive promoter. Light output from these strains was proportional to biomass concentration during growth. Light output in all strains tested decreased during stationary phase, due to a decrease in metabolic activity. Light output from luminescent strains was investigated after inoculation into soil. For a particular cell density, there was a 10-fold decrease in luminescence when the cells were suspended in a soil slurry compared to a liquid culture. Detection of lux-modified E. coli ranged from 102-103 cells (g soil)-1, depending on the host strain and plasmid used. Luminometry was compared to traditional methods for the estimation of microbial activity, using both L-broth and sterile soil, and was found to measure the actual activity of lux-modified cells in systems. Survival and activity was greatly decreased by competition, due to the presence of the indigenous soil population. The addition of substrate enhanced the survival and activity of lux-modified E. coli in non-sterile soil. Increasing matric stress had a deleterious effect on the survival and luminescence of E. coli in sterile soil. Although both respiratory and luminescence activity were enhanced due to the addition of glucose to the soil, both parameters, nonetheless decreased with increasing matric stress. The differences in response to varying matric stress were highlighted through differences in the actual and potential activities demonstrated by E. coli. It is proposed that the luminescence-based techniques developed in this thesis will contribute to a suite of detection methodologies for the assessment of risk of environmental introduction of genetically modified microorganisms.
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Baumgartner, Vera [Verfasser], and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwack. "HPTLC-bioluminescence detection: methodological improvements and the application of the method to mouthwashes / Vera Baumgartner. Betreuer: Wolfgang Schwack." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103569512X/34.
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Griffiths, Matthew H. "Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilising grade filter membranes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13514.
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Current filter validation methods require 48 hours culture for results to become available, which creates time delays within the manufacturing process and quality control back-logs The thesis compares alternative methods for the production of filter challenge test data Within 24 hours to the desired test sensitivity, using bioluminescent and fluorescent genetically engineered strains of the test organism Brevundzmonas dzmznuta The recombinant strains were produced using a Tn5 transposon system, using a filter mating method. The genes cloned into the bacterial chromosome were the biolummescence lux_ genes, taken from the marme bacteria, Photorhabdus lummescens or Vzbno harveyz, and the gene encoding green fluorescent protein taken from the marine jelly fish Aequoria victoria The cloned strains were found to show no difference to the w1ld type strain With respect to their surface hydrophobicity, according to a bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons assay, and surface charge, according to an electro-static interaction chromatography method. Furthermore, the cell size according to Transmission Electron Microscopy was not significantly different to the wild type strain, which had cell dimensions of 1 05 x 0 52 Jlm The retention of cells by 0 45 mtcron rated filters, was shown to be not significantly different to the wild type All strains were retained by 0 2 Jlm filters These data confirmed that the cloned strains were suitable for challenge testing Four methods were used to detect microcolonies of the recombinant strains on filters. The advantage of the microcolony detection system was that it showed that the cells detected downstream of the filter were viable and culturable. The best detection method was with an epifluorescent microscope and the fluorescent strain after 24 hours, for which the sensitivity was 98.1 %. Two CCD camera systems were used to detect the bioluminescent strains on filters. The sensitivity of these systems were 80.1% and 83 9%, for the Nucleovision and Nightowl CCD camera systems, respectively, after 24 hours In addition, the Bwprobe photomultipherbased system was shown to achieve the detection sensitivity of one microcolony after 24 hours. Also, steps were made to study transcription Initiation signals for gene expression in fluorescent recombinant Brevundzmonas dzmmuta. Various putative promoter sequences were Identified in one fluorescent strain, using a DNA sequencmg method. These sequences showed homology to previously identified E colr and Brevundzmonas promoter sequences. Finally, an attempt was made to produce recombinant fluorescent and bioluminescent Acholeplasma lazdlawu, however this was unsuccessful and further work will be required to achieve this objective.
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Agah, Ali. "Design of incremental sigma-delta modulators with extended range for high-resolution analog-go-digital conversion for bioluminescence detection arrays /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Barnett, Megan. "Implementation of in-field life detection and characterisation techniques in icy environments." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5452.
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An emerging trend towards non-laboratory based biological and microbiological marker analysis is occurring in multiple sectors of science and industry. In the medical sector, these trends have demonstrated that conducting sample analyses away from centralised laboratories not only makes analyses quicker and more convenient (e.g. a home pregnancy test), but can offer services that are otherwise impractical (e.g. mobile laboratories to diagnose disease in the developing world). In the environmental sector, similar benefits, plus the ability to develop and test hypotheses, protocols and sampling strategies within a field campaign, are possible with in-field analyses. Icy environments in particular would benefit from in situ or in-field life detection as they are typically remote, and hence impart high logistical costs for repeated field campaigns and associated sample return with the implication that the efficiency of scientific return is poor. Unfortunately, most equipment and protocols developed for microbiological analyses in other sectors of science and industry are unsuitable for direct application to in-field use in icy environments because of poor compatibility with icy environment sample matrices and frequently inappropriate microbiological targets. Hence within this work, two hypotheses were tested: that (i) microbiological detection infield in icy environments is possible and through this (ii) unique and more efficient scientific studies can be conducted. Cont/d.
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Alshetaiwi, Hamad S. "Luminol luminescence-based theranostics for pre-clinical breast adenocarcinoma." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17378.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Anatomy & Physiology
Deryl L. Troyer
Breast cancer ranks second as a cause of cancer death in women in the USA. Detection of early tumors and tumor-targeted treatments could decrease the problems associated with breast cancer management. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment that uses a photosensitizer and a specific wavelength of light and is currently in clinical trials for breast cancer. When tumor cells which have absorbed photosensitizer are exposed to the correct wavelength of light, reactive oxygen species are generated, resulting in tumor cell death. Poor tissue penetration of light is a major limitation in PDT, restricting its use to treatment of localized tumors. Light generation at the tumor area might increase the effectiveness of PDT. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are known to often infiltrate breast adenocarcinoma, and their activatation in tumor stroma produces luminescence in the presence of luminol. Here, we hypothesized that luminol can be used as a theranostic agent for luminescence-based early tumor detection (diagnosis) and in situ PDT (treatment). BALB/c mice were transplanted with 4T1 mammary adenocarcinoma cells to establish a breast adenocarcinoma model. The early tumor detection objective was tested by daily intraperitoneal injection of luminol and in vivo luminescence imaging. To test the PDT treatment objective,the photosensitizer 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and luminol were administered to mice through intraperitoneal and intravenous routes, respectively. This treatment regimen was repeated six times and ALA alone/luminol alone/saline treated tumor-bearing mice were used as controls. Results demonstrated that luminol allowed detection of activated PMNs only two days after 4T1 cell transplantation, even though tumors were not yet palpable. Relative differences in the increase of tumor volume and final tumor weights were analyzed to test the in situ PDT. Analysis of the data showed luminol treatments resulted in breast adenocarcinoma tumor growth attenuation. In conclusion this study provides evidence that luminol can be a theranostic agent for breast adenocarcinoma.
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Davidson, Craig A. "An evaluation of some microbiological and ATP bioluminescence methods for the recovery and detection of bacterial contamination from food contact and environmental surfaces." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/5901.
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Plant hygiene and food contact surface cleanliness are key prerequisites to the management of food quality and safety, and may form a critical control point within Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point food safety management systems. Several methods exist with which to monitor food contact surface cleanliness, with a recent survey of the UK food industry indicating that ATP bioluminescence, cotton hygiene swabbing and agar contact methods are the most commonly adopted. Despite their widespread use, little is known about the relative efficiency with which these methods recover contaminating surface bioburden. The purpose of the work reported was to critically evaluate these hygiene methods for assessing food contact and environmental surface cleanliness within the food industry. On surfaces sampled while dry, cotton swabbing was found to be the least efficient of the methods, with bacterial recovery rates ranging from < 0.1% on surfaces sampled while dry, and from 0.25% to l6% on surfaces sampled while wet. Minimum detection limits (MDLs) ranged from 102 to 108 cfu/100 cm2 depending upon surface moisture level, organism type and the nature of the organism release method used. Absolute recovery rates were influenced by organism type and by a number of sampling variables, with surface moisture level having the greatest effect on recovery. Organism recovery rates were not found to vary greatly over swab storage times typical of those found in industry during swab transportation, but the method was found to have poor reproducibility with coefficients of variation of up to l64% being recorded for sampling marginally unclean stainless steel surfaces. Agar contact dip slides were found to be more reproducible than cotton swabbing, with minimum detection limits on inoculated surfaces sampled while wet being consistent at 102 cfu/100 cm2, and from 102 cfu/100cm2 to >107 cfu/100 cm2 on inoculated surfaces sampled while dry. Different ATP detection systems were found to have different minimum detection limits when individual components of total ATP detection limit were evaluated. These ranged from 104 to 106cfu/100 cm2 when used to sample inoculated stainless steel surfaces while dry. On identical inoculated surfaces sampled when either wet or dry, the minimum detection limit was found to be consistent at l04cfu/l00 cm2. A technique for determining microbial ATP levels was developed. Microbial ATP values from a range of food contact and environmental surfaces within different food processing environments correlated well with microbial colony count data, with R2 values ranging from 0.65 to 0.93 before cleaning and from 0.50 to 0.94 after cleaning. Results are discussed within the context of surface cleanliness assessment in the food industry and should help industry develop appropriate strategies for surface hygiene monitoring.
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Ferreira, Ana Carina Fernandes. "Avaliação de uma metodologia de ATPmetria na monitorização da higiene fabril." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/875.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaDe forma a implementar um método expedito que permitisse avaliar a higienização efectuada em equipamentos de uma indústria alimentar, neste estudo compararam-se métodos clássicos de detecção de microrganismos (aeróbios totais a 30°C e Enterobacteriaceae), com métodos ditos rápidos, designadamente detecção de ATP por bioluminescência e detecção de proteína.
ABSTRACT - In the present work, in order to implement a more expedite method that could enable the evaluation of hygiene conditions in food equipments, different classical methods of detection of microorganisms (total viable counts and Enterobacteriaceae) and rapid methods, such as ATP bioluminescence and protein detection assay, were compared.
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Johnson, Courtney Marie. "Development of a bacteriophage based bioluminescent bioreporter system for the detection of Escherichia coli K12 and O157:H7." 2008. http://etd.utk.edu/2008/JohnsonCourtney.pdf.
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Johnson, Courtney M. "Development of a Bacteriophage Based Bioluminescent Bioreporter System for the Detection of Escherichia coli K12 and O157:H7." 2008. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/388.
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Detection of pathogenic bacteria in the environment and food products is of increasing importance especially in light of recent outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7. I describe here a bacteriophage based bioluminescent bioreporter method for E. coli O157:H7 detection that combines the specificity bacteriophage have for their host, quorum sensing, and lux based bioluminescence from Vibrio fischeri. This new method for detection of E. coli utilizes the luxI/luxR quorum sensing present in V. fischeri which uses N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OHHL) as an autoinducer (Miller & Bassler 2001). Once the concentration of OHHL is high enough it binds the LuxR protein initiating transcription of luxCDABE and additional luxI, leading to the production of light. This bioluminescent bacteriophage bioreporter method uses 2 components, first, the bioreporter cell called E. coli OHHLux which carries the complete lux cassette (luxCDABE) along with the transcriptional regulator luxR (Ripp et al. 2006). The OHHLux (lambda phage resistant) detects the diffusible OHHL produced by the second component, the luxI engineered phage which when infecting target E. coli cells produces autoinducer.
The initial feasibility of the phage based reporter assay was tested using the well characterized lambda phage and E. coli K12 model (Ripp et al. 2006). Once the initial feasibility of this bacteriophage based bioluminescent bioreporter system was confirmed, an E. coli O157:H7 specific phage, PP01, was constructed with a luxI insert. This PP01- luxI phage was used in conjunction with E. coli OHHLux to test for E. coli O157:H7 in pure culture, apple juice, ground beef, tap water, and spinach rinsates. This method has the potential to be a sensitive, rapid, and non-invasive method of screening for E. coli O157:H7 contamination. The system provided rapid and sensitive detection with results in well under 24 h even at E. coli O157:H7 concentrations as low as 1 CFU/ml (Brigati et al. 2007, Ripp Submitted 2007). Our system is self-sufficient and could be adapted to be fully-automated and capable of high throughput screening in a production line setting.
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Basra, Simone. "The isolation and characterization of phages with lytic activity against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and their application using Bioluminescent Assay in Real-Time Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/5277.
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The goal of this project was to incorporate bacteriophage with Bioluminescent Assay in Real-Time Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (BART-LAMP) for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). As the causative agent of Johne’s Disease, there are no rapid detection methods that are suitable in specificity and sensitivity. A screening assay for phage isolation was developed, and over 400 samples were screened for the isolation of a bacteriophage against MAP. One novel Mycobacterium phage was isolated and characterized using transmission electron miscroscopy, host range studies, restriction enzyme digestion, and pH and temperature stability. It was sequenced, annotated, and underwent an in silico protein analysis. No pathogenic or lysogenic genes were detected, and it was found to be related to Gordonia phage GTE2. BART-LAMP was applied to the detection of the isolated phage using purely extracted DNA and crude phage lysate, showing that phages could be detected successfully.Beef Cattle Research Council; Agriculture and AgriFood Canada through Growing Forward initiative
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Chien, Che-Yung, and 簡哲永. "Bioluminescence Repair Reporter (BLRR): A platform for NHEJ and HDR detection." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h7nx3h.
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Cissell, Kyle A. "Luminescence-Based MicroRNA Detection Methods." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2917.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, 18-24 nucleotide long noncoding RNAs. These small RNAs, which are initially transcribed in the nucleus, are transported into the cell cytoplasm where they regulate protein translation either through direct cleavage of mRNA, or indirect inhibition through binding to mRNA and disrupting the protein translation machinery. Recently, miRNAs have gained much attention due to their implication in numerous diseases and cancers. It has been found that heightened or lowered levels of miRNA in diseased cells vs. healthy cells are linked to disease progression. It is therefore immensely important to be able to detect these small molecules. Current detection methods of Northern blotting, microarrays, and qRT-PCR suffer from drawbacks including low sensitivity, a lack of simplicity, being semi-quantitative in nature, time-consuming, and requiring expensive instruments. This work aims to develop novel miRNA technologies which will address these above problems. Bioluminescent labels are promising alternatives to current methods of miRNA detection. Bioluminescent labels are relatively small, similar in size to fluorescent proteins, and they emit very intense signals upon binding to their substrate. Bioluminescent labels are advantageous to fluorescent labels in that they do not require an external excitation source, rather, the excitation energy is supplied through a biochemical reaction. Therefore, background signal due to excitation is eliminated. They also have the advantage of being produced in large amounts through bacterial expression. Four miRNA detection methods are presented which utilize luminescence-based methods. Three employ Renilla luciferase, a bioluminescent protein, and one is based on fluorescence. The presented methods are capable of detecting miRNA from the picomole (nanomolar) level down to the femtomole (picomolar) level. These methods are rapid, sensitive, simple, and quantitative, can be employed in complex matrices, and do not require expensive instruments. All methods are hybridization-based and do not require amplification steps.
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Huang, Chun-Lin, and 黃俊霖. "Rapid Detection of the Lactic Acid Bacteria Count in Complex Samples by ATP Bioluminescence Method." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/899n47.
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碩士國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
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In the food industry, fermentation technology can control the growth status of target lactic acid bacteria; however, unpredictable situations still occur. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify a simple approach for reducing influencing factors in complex samples, (ii) to determine the regression coefficient for relative light units and the number of lactic acid bacteria, and (iii) to subsequently develop a simple, rapid, and economical method for detecting the number of lactic acid bacteria. Refraction can be used to determine the soluble solid content in a liquid. The experimental results indicate that the refraction of the test solution approached that of the water used for dilution as the number of dilutions increased. Influencing factors in the original test sample can be effectively reduced through simple dilution. Among the regression coefficients derived from the correlation data for samples with different dilution factors and the number of lactic acid bacteria determined using the developed method, the regression coefficient of the test solution with a dilution factor of 10 000 (CFU/mL = 11.5748 + 0.0118 × RLU1000×) had the strongest correlation with the number of lactic acid bacteria determined through the conventional method (r10000× = 0.9805). Therefore, this regression coefficient can be used to estimate the number of lactic acid bacteria and immediately adjust the fermentation process accordingly for the milk fermentation.
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Woo, Jongchan. "Application and Optimization of Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) for Real Time Detection of Protein-Protein Interactions in Transgenic Arabidopsis as well as Structure-Based Functional Studies on the Active Site of Coelenterazine-dependent Luciferase from Renilla and its Improvement by Protein Engineering." 2008. http://etd.utk.edu/2008/WooJongchan.pdf.
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