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Journal articles on the topic 'Biological treatment systems'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Biological treatment systems.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

CABANAC, MICHEL, and MAURICIO RUSSEK. "REGULATED BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS." Journal of Biological Systems 08, no. 02 (June 2000): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339000000092.

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Control theory is concerned mainly with the treatment of signals. This article takes into account that living beings not only treat information, but they are open systems traversed by flows of energy and mass. A new block diagram of the regulation process is proposed, taking into account this fundamental difference between engineered and living systems. This new diagram possesses both didactic and heuristic advantages.

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2

Bucksteeg, K. "Suitability of Different Biological Sewage Treatment Systems." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 3-4 (March 1, 1990): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0200.

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Small wastewater treatment plants suffer from higher specific peak loads and less qualified operational services. Therefore, small plants need special rules for design, construction and operation on the basis: the smaller, the less sophisticated - the less sophisticated, the better! Advantages and disadvantages as well as process stabilities of activated sludge plants with long time aeration, trickling filters, rotating bio-contactors and different pond systems are described and compared to each other. Technical plants should be preferred for serving housing estates when separate sewerages exist. Ponds are a favourable solution for villages with combined sewerages, especially such in rural areas. Emergent hydrophyte treatment systems (reed beds) are considered as still being under development. Practice proves that newly developed, highly sophisticated technical systems tend toward simplification, and small reaction volumes or areas are increasing when applied under practical conditions.

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3

Balchunas, Brian M., Lawrence H. Hentz, and William H. Salley. "ODOR CONTROL CONSIDERATIONS FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT SYSTEMS." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2000, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 1042–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864700785303376.

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4

Liu, Ruyin, Zong Li, Ganghua Han, Shujuan Cun, Min Yang, and Xinchun Liu. "Bacteriophage ecology in biological wastewater treatment systems." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 5299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11414-8.

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5

Parker, C. E., S. R. Qasim, and R. T. McMillon. "Enhanced nutrient removal by biological treatment systems." International Journal of Environmental Studies 33, no. 4 (May 1989): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207238908710503.

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6

Bai, Yu, Yiping Gan, Hongchen Wang, Hongying Hu, and Jinhan Liu. "Biological analysis in advanced wastewater treatment systems." Journal of Biotechnology 136 (October 2008): S660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1529.

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7

Lettinga, G. "Sustainable integrated biological wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 3 (February 1, 1996): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0061.

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The actual and potential benefits of anaerobic wastewater treatment when implemented at the core of a sustainable and non-vulnerable environmental protection programme are described. The paper focuses on the anaerobic sludge bed (and in particular the expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB)) reactor concept. Start-up of these systems is shown to be rapid, within a few days with granular seed sludges, and they may be applied across a wide range of conditions and strengths of wastewater. EGSB systems are particularly suited to low temperatures (10°C) and very low strengths (<<1000mg/1) and for the treatment of recalcitrant or toxic substrates.

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8

Dracea, Dragos, Augustina Tronac, and Sebastian Mustata. "Current Trends in Biological Wastewater Treatment." “Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0055.

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Abstract Waste water treatment plants are complex systems consisting of construction, hydro-mechanical, electrical, monitoring and automation equipment. Monitoring activities emphasize that the processes are dynamic; wastewater quality at the entering point of treatment plant varies in a wide range. Treatment technologies adopted must reduce major pollutants; that involves nitrification-denitrification processes and biological and chemical reduction of phosphorus through mechanical-chemical-biological treatment pathways. Increasing the activated sludge concentration in a wastewater treatment plant is an effective method by altering the process dynamics and by reducing the produced sludge volume. There are proposed and discussed in terms of technical and cost efficiency different technological wastewater treatment schemes. In Romania, wastewater treatment plants and sewage systems operating involve processes based on the new systems overrated, there is mandatory to diminish quantities in water supply systems and to exclude improperly working of wastewater pre-treatment stations. Those operations impose technological measures ensuring efficient functioning regardless the service conditions.

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9

Alleman, J. E. "Elevated Nitrite Occurrence in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 2-3 (February 1, 1985): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0147.

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The initial conversion of ammonium to nitrite by Nitrosomonas has traditionally been regarded as the rate-limiting step for nitrification metabolism. This perspective implicitly assumes that subsequent oxidation of nitrite by Nitrobacter occurs more rapidly, and that NO2 concentrations are consequently maintained at low, sub-mg/L values. However, numerous bench- and full-scale nitrification systems have reportedly encountered elevated nitrite concentrations. Several concerns are generated by this circumstance, including: a) an increased chlorine demand, b) an increased effluent nitrogenous oxygen demand, c) potential nitrite toxicity, and d) possible nitrosamine formation. This paper consequently provides an overview of seven conditions which could lead to elevated nitrite occurrence in biological nitrification systems.

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10

Hernández Leal, Lucía, Hardy Temmink, Grietje Zeeman, and Cees J. N. Buisman. "Comparison of Three Systems for Biological Greywater Treatment." Water 2, no. 2 (April 22, 2010): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w2020155.

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11

Angenent, Largus T., Margit Mau, Archana Jindal, Usha George, James A. Zahn, and Lutgarde Raskin. "MONITORING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN BIOLOGICAL WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEMS." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2001, no. 15 (January 1, 2001): 740–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864701790902996.

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12

Sundararajan, Anand, and Lu-Kwang Ju. "Biological oxygen transfer enhancement in wastewater treatment systems." Water Environment Research 67, no. 5 (July 1995): 848–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143095x131781.

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13

Hao, Xiao-Di, Qi-Lin Wang, Jing-Yi Zhu, and Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht. "Microbiological Endogenous Processes in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems." Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (February 26, 2010): 239–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643380802278901.

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14

Chudoba, Jan, Petra Straková, and Masao Kondo. "Compartmentalized versus completely-mixed biological wastewater treatment systems." Water Research 25, no. 8 (August 1991): 973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(91)90146-h.

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15

Andreottola, G., P. Foladori, and G. Ziglio. "Biological treatment of winery wastewater: an overview." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 5 (May 1, 2009): 1117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.551.

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The treatment of winery wastewater can realised using several biological processes based both on aerobic or anaerobic systems using suspended biomass or biofilms. Several systems are currently offered by technology providers and current research envisages the availability of new promising technologies for winery wastewater treatment. The present paper intends to present a brief state of the art of the existing status and advances in biological treatment of winery wastewater in the last decade, considering both lab, pilot and full-scale studies. Advantages, drawbacks, applied organic loads, removal efficiency and emerging aspects of the main biological treatments were considered and compared. Nevertheless in most treatments the COD removal efficiency was around 90–95% (remaining COD is due to the un-biodegradable soluble fraction), the applied organic loads are very different depending on the applied technology, varying for an order of magnitude. Applied organic loads are higher in biofilm systems than in suspended biomass while anaerobic biofilm processes have the smaller footprint but in general a higher level of complexity.

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16

Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Laura, Karl Payne, Maya Trotz, and Sarina J. Ergas. "Hybrid Adsorption and Biological Treatment Systems (HABiTS) for Onsite Wastewater Treatment." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2015, no. 11 (January 1, 2015): 4660–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864715819541657.

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17

Bott, Charles, INES D. S. HENRIQUES, RICHARD T. KELLY, JENNIFER L. DAUPHINAIS, and NANCY G. LOVE. "WERF: Upset Early Warning Systems For Biological Wastewater Treatment." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2002, no. 7 (January 1, 2002): 786–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864702785073163.

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18

Dyagelev, M. Yu, I. I. Pavlov, A. M. Nepogodin, E. V. Grakhova, and A. A. Lapina. "The review of aeration systems for biological wastewater treatment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 042035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/4/042035.

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Abstract This article presents different aeration systems for biological wastewater treatment, their classification, also advantages and disadvantages of the most common aeration methods - pneumatic and mechanical are described. Also, proposals to reduce the energy consumption of aeration systems by maintaining the optimal range of dissolved oxygen concentration at different points of the aeration tank, depending on its type, have been prepared.

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19

Hamoda, Mohamed F., and Hamed A. Al-Sharekh. "Sugar wastewater treatment with aerated fixed-film biological systems." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0062.

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Wastewater effluents from the sugar industry contain high concentrations of organic materials which are sometimes discharged into the municipal wastewater collection system and processed in wastewater treatment plants along with domestic wastewater. This study examined the performance of a four-compartment, fixed-film system in which the biofilm is attached to submerged ceramic tiles under diffused aeration, known as the aerated submerged fixed-film (ASFF) process. Field experiments were conducted using four ASFF units each of about 100 1 capacity operated at different hydraulic loading rates to provide hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. Process performance was evaluated under both normal operation with domestic wastewater and under pulse and prolonged organic shock loads with sugar wastewater. The influent and effluent of the process was analyzed for solids, BOD, COD, and nitrogen forms to determine both carbonaceous and nitrogenous substrate removal. The ASFF process was found to be able to handle continuous severe organic loads increasing from about 5 to 120 g BOD/m2.d with slight decrease in organic removal efficiency from 97.9% to 88.5% for BOD and from 73.6 to 67.8% for COD. Nitrification was similarly decreased but at higher rates. The system was also able to cope with pulse injection of sugar wastewater and recovery to normal steady-state COD values was achieved in 10 hours for the 200 g COD/l spikes. An increase in the organic loading rate was accompanied by an increase in biofilm specific oxygen uptake rate until reaching a maximum which determines the optimum loading rate for process operation. Substrate removal rates were evaluated for process design.

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20

KAWANISHI, Takuya, Hiroyuki KAWASHIMA, Kazuyuki CHIHARA, and Motoyuki SUZUKI. "Mechanisms of Biological Clogging in Soil Infiltration Treatment Systems." Japan journal of water pollution research 13, no. 3 (1990): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.13.180.

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21

Rene, E., M. C. Veiga, and C. Kennes. "Neural network models for biological waste–Gas treatment systems." Journal of Biotechnology 150 (November 2010): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.115.

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22

Li, Junzhang, Zhaozhou Peng, Ruiyang Hu, Kaiyuan Gao, Chen Shen, Shouxin Liu, and Runjing Liu. "Micro-graphite particles accelerate denitrification in biological treatment systems." Bioresource Technology 308 (July 2020): 122935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122935.

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23

Rene, Eldon R., M. Estefanía López, María C. Veiga, and Christian Kennes. "Neural network models for biological waste-gas treatment systems." New Biotechnology 29, no. 1 (December 2011): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2011.07.001.

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24

Tay, Joo-Hwa, and Xiyue Zhang. "Neural Fuzzy Modeling of Anaerobic Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems." Journal of Environmental Engineering 125, no. 12 (December 1999): 1149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1999)125:12(1149).

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25

Blackburn, James W. "Prediction of organic chemical fates in biological treatment systems." Environmental Progress 6, no. 4 (November 1987): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670060407.

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26

Rozich, Alan F. "Improved methodology for designing and operating biological treatment systems." Remediation Journal 4, no. 2 (March 1994): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440040208.

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27

Rauch, T., and J. E. Drewes. "Assessing the removal potential of soil-aquifer treatment systems for bulk organic matter." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0136.

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The fate of effluent organic matter (EfOM) during groundwater recharge was investigated by studying the removal behavior of four bulk organic carbon fractions isolated from a secondary effluent: Hydrophilic organic matter (HPI), hydrophobic acids (HPO-A), colloidal organic matter (OM), and soluble microbial products (SMPs). Short-term removal of the bulk organic fractions during soil infiltration was simulated in biologically active soil columns. Results revealed that the four organic fractions showed a significantly different behavior with respect to biological removal. HPI and colloidal OM were prone to biological removal during initial soil infiltration (0-30 cm) and supported soil microbial biomass growth in the infiltrative surface. Additionally, colloidal OM was partly removed by physical adsorption or filtration. HPO-A and SMPs reacted recalcitrant towards biological degradation as indicated by low soil biomass activity responses. Adsorbability assessment of the biologically refractory portions of the fractions onto powered activated carbon (PAC) indicated that physical removal is not likely to play a significantly role in further diminishing recalcitrant HPO-A, HPI and SMPs during longer travel times in the subsurface.

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28

Aksenova, Inna. "Wave response of enzymatic processes in biological systems of water treatment and treatment of precipitation." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821203006.

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Theoretical studies of the wave response of enzymatic processes in biological systems of wastewater treatment reactors and treatment of precipitation have been carried out. At present, the use of various methods of wave action on the biological systems of water treatment reactors and treatment of precipitation in various types of reactors has been increased to intensify the processes of biological purification and treatment of precipitation. On the basis of this, the hypothesis of wave responses of enzymatic processes arose. The main research issue is to identify the wave response of enzymatic processes in stationary conditions and in the excited state of the system. This observation will allow to determine the limits of wave action on aerobic and anaerobic conversion of organic substrate, hydrolysis of high molecular weight organic compounds, nitrification, denitrification, as well as biological phosphorus removal. The main task of this study is the modeling of multicomponent processes, based on the results of identification and selectivity of the wave response in biological systems of wastewater treatment reactors and treatment of precipitation.

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29

Aronstein, B. "Biological and integrated chemical-biological treatment of PCB congeners in soil/sediment-containing systems." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 22 (December 1996): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(97)88394-2.

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30

Aronstein, Boris N., and Laura E. Rice. "Biological and integrated chemical-biological treatment of PCB congeners in soil/sediment-containing systems." Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 63, no. 4 (August 1995): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280630404.

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31

Vlyssides, A., E. M. Barampouti, S. Mai, A. Stamatoglou, and E. Tsimas. "Alternative biological systems for the treatment of vinasse from wine." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 2899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.647.

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This work studied alternative treatment schemes for the vinasse wastewater from wine distilleries aiming at overcoming the problems caused by the high nitrogen and sulfur concentrations. A plexiglas laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor of 20 L volume that was operated at 45°C and hydraulic retention time 1 d, was included in all the examined systems. System 1 was the conventional UASB reactor, system 2 was the UASB reactor supplemented with iron. System 3 consisted of the UASB reactor supplemented with iron and a CSTR reactor that operated under the following conditions: Diluted Oxygen 1.2 mg/L, Hydraulic Retention Time 1 d, pH 6.7 and Temperature 45°C. System 3 aimed at converting ammonium directly to dinitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions but it needed to be preceeded by a first partial nitrification step. All systems had high COD efficiencies over 75%. Ferrous iron addition apart from enhancing the performance of systems 2 and 3, it was able to retain all sulphur content of the wastewater as ferrous sulfide stripping the biogas from hydrogen sulfide. System 3 also managed to meet its goal, since it achieved an 86% nitrogen reduction. Conclusively, system 3 seems to be a very promising environmental technology for the treatment of distillery and winery byproducts, as well as industrial wastewater with high sulfur and nitrogen content.

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32

Ohmura, Kito, Christian Thürlimann, Marco Kipf, and Kris Villez. "Keeping track of pH sensors in biological wastewater treatment systems." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2018, no. 11 (January 1, 2018): 3481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864718825135649.

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33

Nogueira, R., K. U. Utecht, M. Exner, W. Verstraete, and K. H. Rosenwinkel. "Strategies for the reduction of Legionella in biological treatment systems." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 4 (June 2, 2016): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.258.

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A community-wide outbreak of Legionnaire's disease occurred in Warstein, Germany, in August 2013. The epidemic strain, Legionella pneumophila Serogruppe 1, was isolated from an industrial wastewater stream entering the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Wartein, the WWTP itself, the river Wäster and air/water samples from an industrial cooling system 3 km downstream of the WWTP. The present study investigated the effect of physical–chemical disinfection methods on the reduction of the concentration of Legionella in the biological treatment and in the treated effluent entering the river Wäster. Additionally, to gain insight into the factors that promote the growth of Legionella in biological systems, growth experiments were made with different substrates and temperatures. The dosage rates of silver micro-particles, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide and ozone and pH stress to the activated sludge were not able to decrease the number of culturable Legionella spp. in the effluent. Nevertheless, the UV treatment of secondary treated effluent reduced Legionella spp. on average by 1.6–3.4 log units. Laboratory-scale experiments and full-scale measurements suggested that the aerobic treatment of warm wastewater (30–35 °C) rich in organic nitrogen (protein) is a possible source of Legionella infection.

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34

Annavajhala, Medini K., Vikram Kapoor, Jorge Santo-Domingo, and Kartik Chandran. "Comammox Functionality Identified in Diverse Engineered Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 5, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00577.

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35

Ochoa-Herrera, Valeria, Qais Banihani, Glendy León, Chandra Khatri, James A. Field, and Reyes Sierra-Alvarez. "Toxicity of fluoride to microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment systems." Water Research 43, no. 13 (July 2009): 3177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.032.

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36

Manser, Reto, Willi Gujer, and Hansruedi Siegrist. "Decay processes of nitrifying bacteria in biological wastewater treatment systems." Water Research 40, no. 12 (July 2006): 2416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.04.019.

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37

Eisenberg, Bob. "Ionic interactions in biological and physical systems: a variational treatment." Faraday Discuss. 160 (2013): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2fd20066j.

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38

Lesjean, Boris, Sandra Rosenberger, Jean-Christophe Schrotter, and Anjou Recherche. "Membrane-aided biological wastewater treatment — an overview of applied systems." Membrane Technology 2004, no. 8 (August 2004): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-2118(04)00200-9.

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39

Le, Chencheng, Chinagarn Kunacheva, and David C. Stuckey. "“Protein” Measurement in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Critical Evaluation." Environmental Science & Technology 50, no. 6 (February 25, 2016): 3074–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05261.

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40

Ali San, Hasan. "Mechanism of Biological Treatment in Plug‐Flow or Batch Systems." Journal of Environmental Engineering 118, no. 4 (July 1992): 614–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1992)118:4(614).

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41

Bryers, J. D., and C. A. Mason. "Biopolymer particulate turnover in biological waste treatment systems: a review." Bioprocess Engineering 2, no. 3 (1987): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00387251.

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42

Vanhooren, Henk, Jurgen Meirlaen, Youri Amerlinck, Filip Claeys, Hans Vangheluwe, and Peter A. Vanrolleghem. "WEST: modelling biological wastewater treatment." Journal of Hydroinformatics 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2003.0003.

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Modelling is considered to be an inherent part of the design and operation of a wastewater treatment system. The models used in practice range from conceptual models and physical design models (laboratory-scale or pilot-scale reactors) to empirical or mechanistic mathematical models. These mathematical models can be used during the design, operation and optimisation of a wastewater treatment system. To do so, a good software tool is indispensable. WEST is a general modelling and simulation environment and can, together with a model base, be used for this task. The model base presented here is specific for biological wastewater treatment and is written in MSL-USER. In this high-level object-oriented language, the dynamics of systems can be represented along with symbolic information. In WEST's graphical modelling environment, the physical layout of the plant can be rebuilt, and each building block can be linked to a specific model from the model base. The graphical information is then combined with the information in the model base to produce MSL-EXEC code, which can be compiled with a C++ compiler. In the experimentation environment, the user can design different experiments, such as simulations and optimisations of, for instance, designs, controllers and model fits to data (calibration).

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43

Laukkanen, Risto, and Jorma Pursiainen. "Rule-Based Expert Systems in the Control of Wastewater Treatment Systems." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 6 (September 1, 1991): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0169.

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Rule-based expert systems create a low-cost solution to master all empirical knowledge available in existing wastewater treatment plants. Currently there exists no universal model for processes of biological wastewater treatment, while existing data records and human experience form, however, a valuable knowledge base for an enhanced understanding of process interrelations. In spite of the natural ambiguity of human reasoning and expression, final control policy can, nevertheless, be efficiently translated into on-line automation.

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44

Werumeus Buning, W. G., F. W. A. M. Rijnart, and P. P. Weesendorp. "A Systems Choice for Wastewater Treatment Systems for Biological Treatment of Domestic Wastewater with Excessive N- and P-Removal." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 10 (November 1, 1991): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0296.

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To meet two levels of nitrogen and phosphorus removal (effluent standards Ntot 20 and 10 mg/l and Ptot 2 and 1 mg/l respectively) various systems were compared in a desk study. After a cost estimate and an assessment f the advantages and drawbacks, the oxidation ditch with biological by pass phosphate removal turned out to be the best system.

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45

Ergas, Sarina J., Lucie Krayzelova, Laura Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Karl Payne, and Maya Trotz. "Hybrid Adsorption Biological Treatment Systems (HABiTS) for Improved Nitrogen Removal in Onsite Wastewater Treatment." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2015, no. 3 (January 1, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864715819557632.

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46

Steinberg, I., A. Bockreis, C. Rohde, and J. Jager. "Ecological assessment of waste air treatment systems in the case of biological waste treatment." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0213.

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In this paper, the authors present a technique aimed at increasing the efficiency of biological waste air treatment. The objective is to modify the existing biological waste air treatment systems (i.e. biofilters) to reduce the emitted substances and their potential environmental impacts. The principle of the ionization system is described, along with the first experiences of applying those methods during the rotting process. The investigated system is evaluated by means of life cycle impact assessment, with a focus on odour. It is demonstrated which of the measured substances (i.e. VOC) can potentially contribute to the odorant concentration. Further, it is shown which odour-intensive substances can be reduced by deploying ionization. Finally, the authors respond to the fact that the cleaning efficiency of ionization strongly depends on the humidity of the treated waste gas stream.

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47

Rozich, A. F., and K. Bordacs. "Use of thermophilic biological aerobic technology for industrial waste treatment." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 4-5 (August 1, 2002): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0557.

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Thermophilic aerobic treatment systems offer unique advantages for treatment of high strength organic waste streams and slurries/sludges. These systems combine the best features of conventional aerobic and anaerobic processes that include rapid biodegradation kinetics and low biological solids production, respectively. Application of these processes can result in substantial economic benefit by reducing residuals processing and disposal costs. These systems have not been widely applied for industrial waste treatment, therefore the goal of this paper to show the advantages of applying thermophilic aerobic treatment to these streams. Also included in the paper is a discussion of the process benefits along with design/application considerations and industrial case histories.

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48

Kissel, John C. "Modeling Mass Transfer in Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0059.

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Parameters characterizing intrasolid, liquid/solid, and gas/liquid mass transport phenomena in biological treatment systems are required if mass transfer is to be included in process models. Estimates of such parameters are presented and discussed. Collective and individual effects of mass transfer resistances are illustrated by computer simulation of a high-rate trickling filter.

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Drozdz, Susan, Vincent F. Hock, David Hurt, and Stephen Maloney. "Green Chemical Treatments for Heating and Cooling Systems." Advanced Materials Research 38 (March 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.38.1.

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Scale, corrosion and the and biological growth in industrial water handling processes result in reduced water flow though pipes, reduced heat transfer, and pump failures. Preventative treatments for these problems are based upon chemical compounds that are most often toxic and environmentally persistent. Manufacturers continue to introduce new chemicals and treatment programs onto the market, and old products have been discontinued. Many manufacturers claim that the new chemical and treatments are more environmentally friendly and safer for the plant workers and the users. The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Construction Engineering Research Laboratory has undertaken a research effort to look at these new chemical treatments. The objective of this work was to develop “green” water treatment chemicals that control biological growth, corrosion and scale while reducing or eliminating the generation of toxic substances during the manufacture, use, and disposal processes.

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Mpongwana, Ncumisa, and Sudesh Rathilal. "Exploiting Biofilm Characteristics to Enhance Biological Nutrient Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 7561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157561.

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Biological treatments are integral processes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). They can be carried out using sludge or biofilm processes. Although the sludge process is effective for biological wastewater systems, it has some drawbacks that make it undesirable. Hence, biofilm processes have gained popularity, since they address the drawbacks of sludge treatments, such as the high rates of sludge production. Although biofilms have been reported to be essential for wastewater, few studies have reviewed the different ways in which the biofilm properties can be explored, especially for the benefit of wastewater treatment. Thus, this review explores the properties of biofilms that can be exploited to enhance biological wastewater systems. In this review, it is revealed that various biofilm properties, such as the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), quorum sensing (Qs), and acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs), can be enhanced as a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to enhance the biofilm. Moreover, the exploitation of other biofilm properties such as the SOS, which is only reported in the medical field, with no literature reporting it in the context of wastewater treatment, is also recommended to improve the biofilm technology for wastewater treatment processes. Additionally, this review further elaborates on ways that these properties can be exploited to advance biofilm wastewater treatment systems. A special emphasis is placed on exploiting these properties in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and biological phosphorus removal processes, which have been reported to be the most sensitive processes in biological wastewater treatment.

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