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Tarłowski, Andrzej. "Parent-Child Conversations About Biological Kinds as a Potential Contributor to the Variability in Biological Knowledge." Psychology of Language and Communication 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 238–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2019-0011.
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Abstract There is a growing body of research on variability in the early development of biological knowledge. Most of the studies focus on the variability related to culture and direct exposure to nature, however, there is also data suggesting that parental input plays an important role. In children’s first years of life, parents play a key role in scaffolding development. It is therefore very important to provide a detailed account of how parents contribute to children’s understanding of living things, and how they convey biological knowledge through everyday conversations. The present article provides a review of the literature on variability in biological knowledge and parent-child conversations about biological kinds. It also presents original data from parent-child interactions while viewing picture books. Eighteen parent-child dyads who differed in the level of parental expertise within biology, talked while viewing books containing 24 photographs of animals and plants. The speech analysis specified labeling, perceptual and conceptual descriptions, relational, and mentalistic talk. Parents also completed a questionnaire on the child’s interests. The results showed that biology expert families produced more content overall, and a higher proportion of relational content than lay families. The findings help elucidate the specific role parents have in shaping children’s early biological understanding. In particular, I discuss the role of relational language in shaping children’s ontological commitments.
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van Houdt, Kirsten, Matthijs Kalmijn, and Katya Ivanova. "Perceptions of Closeness in Adult Parent–Child Dyads: Asymmetry in the Context of Family Complexity." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 10 (August 10, 2020): 2219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa122.
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Abstract Objectives Multi-actor data show that parents’ and adult children’s evaluations of their relation do not necessarily match. We studied disagreement in parent- and child-reported closeness, comparing parent–child dyads involving separated parents, non-separated parents, and stepparents to shed new light on today’s diverse landscape of adult parent–child relations. Method Using data from the Parents and Children in the Netherlands (OKiN) survey, we analyzed closeness in parent–child dyads (N = 4,602) comparing (step)parents’ and their adult children’s (aged 25–45) reports. To distinguish directional disagreement (i.e., differences in child- and parent-reported means) from nondirectional disagreement (i.e., the association between child- and parent-reported measures), while accounting for absolute levels of closeness, we estimated log-linear models. Results All types of parents tend to report higher levels of closeness than their children. Whereas parental overreport is more prevalent among biological father–child dyads than among biological mother–child dyads, we found no differences between biological dyads and stepdyads. The association between children’s and parents’ reports is higher among dyads involving stepmothers or married mothers than among those involving separated mothers and (step)fathers. Discussion The intergenerational stake (i.e., parental overreport) is not unique to biological parent–child relations. Instead, patterns of disagreement seem most strongly stratified by gender.
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Nguyen, Simone P., and Karl S. Rosengren. "Parental reports of children’s biological knowledge and misconceptions." International Journal of Behavioral Development 28, no. 5 (September 2004): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250444000108.
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Children’s misconceptions about five specific biological concepts—life, aging, reproduction, illness, and death—were investigated using a parent survey. Parents of 3- to 4-year-olds ( N 1/4 125) and parents of 5- to 6-year-olds ( N 1/4 145) completed a questionnaire about their child’s knowledge and misconceptions involving these concepts. Parents reported that misconceptions were common among 3- to 6-year-olds, particularly for reproduction and death. Parents reported a greater reluctance to talk with their children about death and reproduction and also thought their children should learn about these concepts at a later age than other biological concepts. One third of the misconceptions reported by parents occurred at the boundary between different domains, where information from another domain (i.e., physics or psychology) was incorrectly associated with the biological domain. Parents of 5- to 6-year-olds reported fewer misconceptions than parents of 3- to 4-year-olds, suggesting that these misconceptions are open to change and are eventually replaced by accurate biological knowledge.
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CESARINI, DAVID, MAGNUS JOHANNESSON, and SVEN OSKARSSON. "Pre-Birth Factors, Post-Birth Factors, and Voting: Evidence from Swedish Adoption Data." American Political Science Review 108, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055413000592.
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This article analyzes a rich Swedish data set with information on the electoral turnout of a large sample of adoptees, their siblings, their adoptive parents, and their biological parents. We use a simple regression framework to decompose the parent-child resemblance in voting into pre-birth factors, measured by biological parents’ voting, and post-birth factors, measured by adoptive parents’ voting. Adoptees are more likely to vote if their biological parents were voters and if they were assigned to families in which the adoptive parents vote. We find evidence of interactions between the pre- and post-birth factors: the effect of the post-birth environment on turnout is greater amongst adoptees whose biological mothers are nonvoters. We also show that the relationships between parental characteristics, such as education, and child turnout, persist even in the absence of a genetic link between parent and child. The regression-based framework we utilize provides a basis for the integration of behavior-genetic research into mainstream political science.
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Szymańska, Agnieszka, and Kamila Anna Dobrenko. "The ways parents cope with stress in difficult parenting situations: the structural equation modeling approach." PeerJ 5 (June 12, 2017): e3384. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3384.
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The purpose of this study was to verify a theoretical model of parents’ responses to difficulties they experienced with their child. The model presents relationships between seven variables: (a) discrepancy between parental goal and the child’s current level of development, (b) parental experience of a difficulty, (c) representation of the child in the parent’s mind, (d) parent’s withdrawal from the parenting situation, (e) seeking help, (f) distancing oneself from the situation, and (g) applying pressure on the child. The study involved 319 parents of preschool children: 66 parents of three-year-olds, 85 parents of four-year-olds, 99 parents of five-year-olds and 69 parents of six-year-old children. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was used to verify the compounds described in the theoretical model. The studies revealed that when a parent is experiencing difficulties, the probability increases that the parent will have one of two reactions towards that type of stress: withdrawal from the situation or applying pressure on the child. Experiencing difficulties has no connection with searching for help and is negatively related to distancing oneself from the situation.
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McQuistion, H. L. "Clarifying "biological," "natural," and "adoptive" parents." American Journal of Public Health 86, no. 11 (November 1996): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.86.11.1649.
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Raman, Lakshmi. "Do Children Recognize That Kinship Relationships Have an Innate Biological Basis?" Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 9, no. 1 (November 12, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v9n1p1.
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Three studies were conducted to investigate if four and five year old children recognize that kinship relationships are determined by biological associations and not environmental conditions. All three studies employed the “switched-at-birth” task. Study 1 investigated if children and adults recognize who the biological parents and siblings are. Study 2 examined preschoolers’ and adults’ recognition of who the biological parents and siblings are when step parents and step siblings were introduced into the family. Study 3 examined if children and adults extend their knowledge of kinship relationships to non-human creatures. For Studies 1 and 2, results indicated that preschoolers and adults have a robust and accurate biological model of kinship for both biological parents and sibling relationships. However in Study 3, preschoolers had a more difficult time recognizing biological sibling relationships than biological parent relationships in the presence of step parents and step siblings for non-human biological creatures. In totality, these results suggest that even young children (like adults) have a robust theory of kinship when reasoning about human relationships. However children’s model of kinship is fragile and still developing when reasoning and extending their knowledge about humans to non-human species.
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Sullins, D. Paul. "The Case for Mom and Dad." Linacre Quarterly 88, no. 2 (March 8, 2021): 184–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0024363921989491.
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Is the system of norms comprising traditional, natural marriage—featuring formally enacted, irrevocable, exclusive man/woman sexual union preceded by chastity—essential for children’s development and well-being, as Catholic teaching asserts? Review of an extensive body of diverse research finds that, compared to children continuously living with two parents, married parents, or their own biological parents, children in other family arrangements consistently experience lower emotional well-being, physical health, and academic achievement. Competing research has variously attributed this difference to a lack of married parents, two parents, complementary man/woman parents, or family stability, but these possibilities have not previously been studied in combination. To address this question, family structure differences and determinants of child well-being (reverse coded to show child distress) were examined using the 2008–2018 National Health Interview Surveys ( n = 82,635). Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for child emotional problems were higher with less than two parents (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.27–1.56), unmarried parents (1.46, 95% CI 1.31–1.61), unstable parents (1.55, 95% CI 1.27–1.76), or less than two biological parents (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.55–2.87 for one biological parent; 4.77, 95% CI 3.95–5.77 for no biological parents). When combined in the same model, only the lack of joint biological parentage accounted for higher distress, with outcomes significantly worse without the biological father than without the biological mother (interaction AOR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.04–1.71). This evidence strongly supports the claim that maximum child development occurs only in the persistent care of both of the child’s own biological parents. Marriage benefits children primarily by ensuring such care. Implications are discussed. Summary: Children raised apart from the care of both natural parents consistently experience lower developmental outcomes. Traditional, religious marriage norms—a lifelong, exclusive sexual union between man and woman—benefit children by establishing strong conditions that promote such care. More than any other family arrangement, marriage assures to children the care of their own mom and dad.
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Liao, S. Matthew. "Biological Parenting as a Human Right." Journal of Moral Philosophy 13, no. 6 (November 12, 2016): 652–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-01306003.
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Do biological parents have the right to parent their own biological children? It might seem obvious that the answer is yes, but the philosophical justification for this right is uncertain. In recent years, there has been a flurry of philosophical activity aimed at providing fresh justifications for this right. In this paper, I shall propose a new answer, namely, the right to parent one’s own biological children is a human right. I call this the human rights account of parental rights and I shall explain how this account is better than these other alternatives.
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BEALE, ESTELA A., DEBRA SIVESIND, and EDUARDO BRUERA. "Parents dying of cancer and their children." Palliative and Supportive Care 2, no. 4 (December 2004): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951504040519.
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Objective: We reviewed our experience with 28 consecutive children referred for assessment and intervention. These were the children of patients with terminal cancer referred to the Palliative Care and Symptom Control Service. In all cases the dying parent was a biological parent.Methods: Eleven parameters were assessed in each of 29 children and their incidence was calculated. The children and their parents were seen in a semistructured interview, together as well as separately. The parameters were: seeking reassurance (82), becoming a caretaker (79), inability to separate from parent (79), anger about feeling abandoned (68), despair (57), guilt (54), discipline problems, aggressive behavior (46), denial (39), blame of others (21), and fear for the child's own health (18).Results: Our results suggest that children with dying parents manifest significant distress as well as a greater understanding of their parent's illness than is usually suspected.Significance of results: Timely intervention by a child psychiatrist or other mental health professional with proven competence in working with children can help children to better cope with the death and dying of their parent and ameliorate the process of bereavement following the parent's death.Because of our small sample, we cannot generalize about all of the findings. Further research is required to characterize the level of distress in the children and the long-term impact in their overall adjustment to life.
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Fenton, Cameron. "Who counts as a parent for the purposes of filial obligations?" Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics 11, no. 1 (May 9, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v11i1.2245.
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<p>I argue that using a traditional biological account of parenthood causes problems for determining who counts as a parent for the purposes of filial obligations in alternative family structures. I then argue that a better way to understand parenthood is as a role. People who fill the role of parents are parents, regardless of their biological ties to a child. Next, I argue that children can have more than two parents and so can have filial obligations to more than two people. I then demonstrate that understanding parenthood as a role allows us to correctly account for who should be a parent in cases of adoption, surrogacy, and extended families. In the final section I discuss three related worries about allowing a child to have more than two parents.</p>
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Kinsey, Caroline L. "The Role of the Psychological Parent in the Dissolution of the Homosexual Relationship." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 10, no. 3 (September 2009): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822910901000303.
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This note analyzes the definition of the “psychological parent” in its application to the dissolved homosexual relationship. In urging state courts to render custodial decisions not solely on the basis of the parent's biological ties to the child, but also on the presence of a psychological relationship between the non-biological parent and the child in question, this note reviews conflicting state court decisions that discussed the doctrine of the “psychological parent” and determined whether a non-biological parent was fit to receive custody of his or her child once dissolution of the couple's relationship had occurred. United States state courts frequently rely upon the “best interests of the childl” standard when making custodial decisions. It is this author's position that the application of the “psychological parent” doctrine is what is in the “best interest of the child” when awarding custody to non-legal parents, and as such should be at the forefront of state court decisions before a determination of child custody is made.
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Roe, Amy, Laura Bridges, Judy Dunn, and Thomas G. O'Connor. "Young children's representations of their families: A longitudinal follow-up study of family drawings by children living in different family settings." International Journal of Behavioral Development 30, no. 6 (November 2006): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025406072898.
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Family drawings of 166 children aged 7 years (97 boys and 69 girls, age range 6.7–7.9 years), living in various family settings–stepfather, single-parent, complex stepfamilies and non-step control families–were investigated; longitudinal data were available for 119. The exclusion of family members and the grouping of parents were examined in relation to family type, biological relatedness and residency. Longitudinal analyses showed consistency in familial representations and predictions of child adjustment over time, validating the measure. Children from step and single-parent families were more likely to exclude family members than children from non-stepfamilies. Half and step-siblings were more likely to be excluded than full siblings. Non-resident family members were more likely to be excluded than resident members. Children biologically related to both resident parents were more likely to group their parents together. Omission of resident siblings or biological father, and drawing mother alone were associated with poorer adjustment as reported by mothers. Omission of resident siblings added predictive power to adjustment. These findings indicate that certain obvious and easily-coded features of family drawings may be an empirically supported and useful research and clinical tool.
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Di Nucci, Ezio. "IVF, same-sex couples and the value of biological ties." Journal of Medical Ethics 42, no. 12 (September 9, 2016): 784–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2015-103257.
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Ought parents, in general, to value being biologically tied to their children? Is it important, in particular, that both parents be biologically tied to their children? I will address these fundamental questions by looking at a fairly new practice within IVF treatments, so-called IVF-with-ROPA (Reception of Oocytes from Partner), which allows lesbian couples to ‘share motherhood’, with one partner providing the eggs while the other becomes pregnant. I believe that IVF-with-ROPA is, just like other IVF treatments, morally permissible, but here I argue that the increased biological ties which IVF-with-ROPA allows for do not have any particular value beside the satisfaction of a legitimate wish, because there is no intrinsic value in a biological tie between parents and children; further, I argue that equality within parental projects cannot be achieved by redistributing biological ties.
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Tluczek, Audrey, Hara Levy, Michael J. Rock, Cissy Ondoma, and Roger L. Brown. "Impact of Intermediate Cystic Fibrosis Classification on Parents’ Perceptions of Child Vulnerability and Protectiveness." Journal of Family Nursing 25, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1074840719842834.
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This cross-sectional, mixed-method study examined factors associated with parent perceptions of child vulnerability and protectiveness in three groups: cystic fibrosis (CF-group, n = 40), intermediate CF classification (I-group, n = 20), and healthy (H-group, n = 50). A composite indicator structural equation (CISE) using Bayesian estimation tested two mediational models: psychological and biological. Significant results ( p < .05) from the psychological model showed I-group and CF-group parents perceived their children to be more vulnerable than H-group parents but reported lower levels of protectiveness than H-group parents. Perceptions of vulnerability mediated protectiveness for CF- and I-groups. The biological model showed I-group children had significantly less severe genotype and phenotype, and lower sweat chloride levels than the CF-group; I-group parents had lower expectations about children developing CF symptoms. Both models showed negative associations between children’s ages and protectiveness. Psychological factors explained perceptions of child vulnerability and protectiveness; biological factors explained protectiveness. Parent perceptions of vulnerability and protectiveness are separate, independent constructs.
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Schormans, Ann Fudge. "Experiences Following the Deaths of Disabled Foster Children: “We Don't Feel Like ‘Foster’ Parents”." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 49, no. 4 (December 2004): 347–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pmpx-5jww-7lab-c9le.
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Foster parents in the child welfare system occupy a unique position in our culture. While expected to parent and provide safe, loving, and normative family experiences to a child removed from her/his family of origin, they are, simultaneously, expected to remember that they are not the child's biological parent. Increasingly, foster parents are being asked to care for children with severe disabilities that sometimes precipitate an early death. How do foster parents experience the death of a foster child with disabilities in their care? Semi-structured interviews with bereaved foster parents revealed foster parents' self-identification as “parents” who shared “parent/child” relationships with foster children whom they considered to be part of their families. The foster parents' experience of the death of the foster child with a disability was reported comparable to the death of a birth child, however, their identification as legitimate grievers was often disenfranchised by others.
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Linares, L. Oriana, Daniela Montalto, Nicole Rosbruch, and MinMin Li. "Discipline Practices Among Biological and Foster Parents." Child Maltreatment 11, no. 2 (May 2006): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559505285747.
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Gambrill, Eileen D., and Theodore J. Stein. "Working with biological parents: Important procedural ingredients." Children and Youth Services Review 7, no. 2-3 (January 1985): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0190-7409(85)90023-4.
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Kalil, Ariel, Rebecca Ryan, and Elise Chor. "Time Investments in Children across Family Structures." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654, no. 1 (June 9, 2014): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214528276.
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This article compares time invested in children across family structures as a means to understand differences in children’s development. Using data from the 1997 Panel Study of Income Dynamics’ Child Development Supplement, we measure time investments from multiple caregivers and distinguish time children spend with a caregiver alone versus shared with another caregiver. We examine six family structures—married biological parents, cohabiting biological parents, mother and stepfather, mother and cohabiting boyfriend, single mother only, and multigenerational households. The total care-giving time that children receive in married biological parent families and cohabiting biological parent families is comparable to that for children living in stepfather families and multigenerational families. This is because children in stepfather families and multigenerational households receive substantial time investments from nonresident biological fathers and grandparents, respectively. In contrast, children receive little time investment from resident nonbiological father figures; and children in single mother, cohabiting boyfriend, and multigenerational households receive little time investment from their nonresident biological fathers. Finally, children who live with married biological parents receive the greatest share of caregiving time in the form of shared caregiving compared with children in all other family structures. Our findings suggest that having two resident biological caregivers predicts greater time investments in children and that shared parenting may be an important dimension of family structure.
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Liu, Wenwen, Guangming He, and Xing Wang Deng. "Biological pathway expression complementation contributes to biomass heterosis in Arabidopsis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 16 (April 12, 2021): e2023278118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023278118.
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The mechanisms underlying heterosis have long remained a matter of debate, despite its agricultural importance. How changes in transcriptional networks during plant development are relevant to the continuous manifestation of growth vigor in hybrids is intriguing and unexplored. Here, we present an integrated high-resolution analysis of the daily dynamic growth phenotypes and transcriptome atlases of young Arabidopsis seedlings (parental ecotypes [Col-0 and Per-1] and their F1 hybrid). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis uncovered divergent expression patterns between parents of the network hub genes, in which genes related to the cell cycle were more highly expressed in one parent (Col-0), whereas those involved in photosynthesis were more highly expressed in the other parent (Per-1). Notably, the hybrid exhibited spatiotemporal high-parent–dominant expression complementation of network hub genes in the two pathways during seedling growth. This suggests that the integrated capacities of cell division and photosynthesis contribute to hybrid growth vigor, which could be enhanced by temporal advances in the progression of leaf development in the hybrid relative to its parents. Altogether, this study provides evidence of expression complementation between fundamental biological pathways in hybrids and highlights the contribution of expression dominance in heterosis.
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Lashewicz, Bonnie, Gerald Manning, Margaret Hall, and Norah Keating. "Equity Matters: Doing Fairness in the Context of Family Caregiving." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 26, S1 (2007): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cja.26.suppl_1.091.
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ABSTRACTAlthough family scholars conceptualize caregiving in terms of networks of carers, little attention has been given to equity within these groups. Siblings comprise a prevalent caregiving network of members who feel responsible for parent care, expect to share these responsibilities with each other, and look to each other to evaluate the fairness of their sharing. In this paper, a multidisciplinary approach is used to examine sibling views of equity in relation to disputes over giving parent care and receiving parent assets. A literary perspective is offered through analysis of stepsibling tensions depicted in the novel Family Matters. Real life disputes among biological siblings that have been pursued through the courts are also examined. Issues arising from these examples are then analysed through the lens of legal doctrines of equity. Siblings evaluating fairness undertake careful comparisons of their respective relationships with parents in terms of biological links to parents and type and extent of influence in interactions with parents.
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Ceballo, Rosario, Jennifer E. Lansford, Antonia Abbey, and Abigail J. Stewart. "Gaining a Child: Comparing the Experiences of Biological Parents, Adoptive Parents, and Stepparents." Family Relations 53, no. 1 (January 2004): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2004.00007.x.
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Hamilton, Laura, Simon Cheng, and Brian Powell. "Adoptive Parents, Adaptive Parents: Evaluating the Importance of Biological Ties for Parental Investment." American Sociological Review 72, no. 6 (December 2007): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240707200610.
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Hamilton, Laura, Simon Cheng, and Brian Powell. "Adoptive Parents, Adaptive Parents: Evaluating the Importance of Biological Ties for Parental Investment." American Sociological Review 72, no. 1 (February 2007): 95–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240707200105.
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Sdoodee, R., and DS Teakle. "Seed and pollen transmission of tobacco streak virus in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Grosse Lisse)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 3 (1988): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9880469.
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ELISA tests showed that 40-7670 of the seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculenturn cv. Grosse Lisse) contained tobacco streak virus (TSV) when either the female (ovule) parent only, the male (pollen) parent only, or both parents were virus infected. When seeds with either or both parents infected were soaked in distilled water overnight and dissected, TSV was found more frequently in the endosperm (40-90%) than the embryo (10-50%), and little or no TSV was present in the seed coat. The seeds which had an infected female (ovule) parent were lighter in weight and had a lower germination rate (3-27%) than seeds which had either an infected male (pollen) parent or two healthy parents (germination rate of 88-96%). Only about 10% of seedlings which had one or both parents infected were found to be infected. TSV was not transmitted to the leaves of healthy tomato plants when flowers were pollinated with pollen from infected tomato plants.
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Moring, Anna, and Johanna Lammi-Taskula. "Parental Leave Reforms in Finland 1977–2019 from a Diversity Perspective." Social Inclusion 9, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 338–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i2.3796.
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In Finland, all parents, regardless of gender, are eligible for parental leave and there are no restrictive eligibility criteria. In practice, however, the statutory leave options are not equally available to all parents. Since the 1970s, steps have been taken in redesigning the leave scheme to make it more inclusive. Several reforms have been made to promote equality, mainly between women and men, but also between diverse families, such as adoptive families, multiple-birth families or same-sex parent families. The ‘demotherisation’ of parental-leave rights has slowly shifted the focus from biological mothers to fathers and non-biological parents. In the most recent reforms, the focus has widened from equality between parents to include equality between children regardless of the form of the family that they are born or adopted into.
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Stacey, Lawrence, and Irene Padavic. "Complicating parents’ gender and sexual expectations for children: A comparison of biological parents and stepparents." Sexualities 24, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2020): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460720906988.
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When social scientists argue that “families” reproduce and sometimes challenge gender and sexual norms, they tend to refer to biological, cisgender, and heterosexual families. We consider how one alternative family form—stepfamilies—might, like gay and lesbian families, challenge these norms. Interviews with 20 biological and stepparents reveal that whereas biological parents held relatively intense feelings about their children’s gender and sexual conformity, stepparents were indifferent and far less inclined to police their children’s behavior. We conclude that stepfamilies, similar to gay and lesbian families, might be a source of less rigid expectations and greater liberty than biological families, and we consider the implications for the future of traditional gender and sexual norms in the face of the proliferation of alternative family forms.
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Baker, Beth. "Fishy Parents." BioScience 61, no. 2 (February 2011): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.2.18.
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Nobe, Yoko. "Identity Management by Adoptees Regarding Their Biological Parents." Annual review of sociology 2011, no. 24 (2011): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5690/kantoh.2011.168.
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Wijaya, I. Gede Eka Julia Artanida. "Kedudukan Anak Adopsi dalam Pewarisan Berdasarkan atas Hukum Adat Bali." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.2.2373.42-46.
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The law of inheritance is a law that regulates what should happen to the deceased person's property, in other words, it regulates the transfer of property left by the deceased to the heir. In principle, only rights and obligations in the field of property law can be inherited, and it does not include rights and obligations in the field of law that cannot be inherited, such as work agreements, employment relationships, individual membership, and authorizations. This research was conducted with the aim of describing the rights and obligations of an adopted child in inheriting property by the adopted parent and the position of the adopted child in inheriting property by the adopted parent. This research was conducted using empirical legal research methods. The results of this study indicated that adopted children in Bali are entitled to receive an inheritance from their adopted parents as well as their biological parents. This is known as ma’bubun dua ma’saruran patomali. Its meaning has two kiblat oase, that is to be able to be given an inheritance from adoptive parents as well as biological parents. On the other hand, the adopted child is obliged to maintain and establish family relationships as harmonious as possible, and carry out or replace the role or obligation of the adopted father/mother to the duties of the area where he lives (local community). In addition, the position of the adopted child in the inheritance of the property by the adopted parent is equal to or completely the same when compared to the biological child. Therefore, the adopted child is also entitled to inherit the inheritance of the adopted parent.
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Ivanova, Katya, and Matthijs Kalmijn. "Parental involvement in youth and closeness to parents during adulthood: Stepparents and biological parents." Journal of Family Psychology 34, no. 7 (October 2020): 794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fam0000659.
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Bagdonaitė-Stelmokienė, Ramunė, and Vilma Žydžiūnaitė. "LEARNING THROUGH THE EVERYDAY EXPERIENCES OF BIOLOGICAL / FOSTER PARENTING." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 25, 2018): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3250.
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Learning through everyday experiences is understood as a complex process during which the learner undergoes various social interactions; it is an emotional, cognitive and behavioural process of learning. The aim of the study was to describe the process of learning of parents and foster parents through the everyday experiences of biological/foster parenting by revealing the similarities and differences of their experiences. The article presents the findings of the qualitative research. Applying the narrative interview, 4 parents and 8 foster parents were interviewed in the study. The data were analysed by using an inductive qualitative content analysis method. The findings revealed that the personal change of parents and foster parents and their growth in parenthood takes place in the process of learning from everyday experiences. The birth of a child into a family as well as the acceptance of a non-relative child into a foster family pose a number of challenges and cause confusion, but it is the experience of giving, joy and community too. The most striking difference between biological and foster parenting is revealed through the experience of ‘emotional triangle’ which is the only characteristic of foster parents. Communication with the foster child’s biological family is one of the most complex aspects of foster parenting.
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Kendler, K. S., H. Ohlsson, K. Sundquist, and J. Sundquist. "The causes of parent–offspring transmission of drug abuse: a Swedish population-based study." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 1 (May 14, 2014): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714001093.
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BackgroundWhile drug abuse (DA) is strongly familial, we still have limited knowledge about the causes of its cross-generational transmission.MethodWe examined DA ascertained from national registers in offspring of three family types from the Swedish population [intact (n = 2 111 074), ‘not-lived-with’ (n = 165 315, where biological parents never lived with their offspring) and ‘step’ (n = 124 800 offspring)], which reflected, respectively, the effects of genes + rearing, genes only and rearing only. We replicated these results in three high-risk co-relative designs.ResultsCombined across mothers and fathers, the hazard ratio (HR) for DA in offspring given DA in parents was 3.52 in intact, 2.73 in ‘not-lived-with’ and 1.79 in stepfamilies. In 968 biological full or half-sibling pairs one of whom was reared by and the other never lived with their parent with DA, the HR for DA was greater in the reared than ‘not-lived-with’ child (HR 1.57). In 64 offspring pairs of a parent with DA, the HR for DA was greater in a reared biological v. step-parented non-biological child (HR 3.33). In 321 pairs of offspring of a parent with DA one of whom was a not-lived-with biological child and the second a step-parented non-biological child, the HR for DA was greater in the biological v. stepchild (HR 1.80).ConclusionsBoth genetic and environmental factors contribute substantially to parent–offspring resemblance for DA. The general population contains informative family constellations that can complement more traditional adoption designs in clarifying the sources of parent–offspring resemblance.
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Hawk, Brandi N., and Susan G. Timmer. "Parent–Child Care as a Brief Dyadic Intervention for Children With Mild to Moderate Externalizing Problems: A Case Study." Clinical Case Studies 17, no. 5 (May 17, 2018): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534650118774417.
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Although many parenting interventions have been shown efficacious in reducing externalizing behavior problems in young children, they often take months to implement and tend to target children with moderate to severe behavior problems. Parent–Child Care (PC-CARE) was designed to be an engaging, brief (six-session) dyadic intervention to reduce mental health symptoms even for children with few behavior problems and/or parents who are unable to commit to lengthy treatments. We present an evidence-based case study of a 5-year-old child with mild externalizing problems and his biological parents, who participated in PC-CARE. Standardized measures were collected, and the child’s and parents’ emotional availability were assessed at pre- and posttreatment. Weekly codings of parent–child interactions and parent-reported measures of child behaviors were also collected. This child’s behavioral symptoms improved from pre- to posttreatment (per parents’ reports and observation), and he maintained this improved behavior 1 month after treatment. The parents similarly demonstrated improvement in their use of parenting skills and emotional availability. Aspects of treatment that may affect effectiveness are discussed.
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Schall, Terra. "A Warning for Smoking Parents." Biological Psychiatry 86, no. 5 (September 2019): e17-e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.001.
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Turner, John. "Successful reunification of foster care children with their biological parents: Characteristics of parents and children." Child Care Quarterly 15, no. 1 (1986): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01118993.
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Antle, Becky F., Anita P. Barbee, Bibhuti K. Sar, Dana J. Sullivan, and Kirsten Tarter. "Exploring Relational and Parental Factors for Permanency Outcomes of Children in Care." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 101, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389419881280.
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This research examined the impact of individual and relational characteristics of foster parents on permanency outcomes for children in care. Previous research has focused on child and case characteristics. The sample consisted of 233 foster parents from the public child welfare system surveyed at the end of a training. The results of the surveys showed that couple relationship quality and altruism were predictive of reunification of foster children with biological parent. The significant predictors of placement in a residential facility were age, education, and avoidant attachment style of the foster parent. Practice and policy implications are discussed.
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Kalb, Luther G., Calliope Holingue, Danika Pfeiffer, Rachel Reetzke, Emily Dillon, Gazi Azad, Brian Freedman, and Rebecca Landa. "Parental relationship status and age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of their child." Autism 25, no. 8 (May 19, 2021): 2189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211013683.
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A reliable autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis can occur as early as 18 months; however, the average age at diagnosis in the United States is over 2 years later. While there are numerous well-known barriers to seeking an ASD diagnosis, no research has examined if separation between a child’s biological parents affects timing of ASD diagnosis for their child. Data for this study were obtained from 561 children ( M age = 5.4 years, SD = 3.9 years) referred to an urban, outpatient ASD specialty clinic for their first ASD evaluation. Biological parents self-reported their relationship status during the evaluation, which was then categorized as either “together” (married or living together but not married) or “not together” (separated, divorced, or never married). An inverse-probability of exposure weighted linear regression model, which adjusted for 16 different child, family, and sociodemographic variables, was utilized to assess differences in child age of ASD diagnosis between groups. At the time of diagnosis, most children’s biological parents were together (69%) versus not together (31%). In the fully adjusted model, children of parents who were together were diagnosed 1.4 years earlier than those who were not together ( p < 0.001). Strategies for supporting these families and reducing age disparities are indicated. Lay abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be diagnosed as early as 18 months of age. However, the average age at diagnosis in the United States is over 2 years later. A lot has been written about the many barriers families face when seeking a diagnosis for their child. One area of research that has received no attention is whether separation between a child’s biological parents affects the age at which a child is diagnosed with ASD. This study was conducted among 561 children who were receiving an ASD diagnosis for the first time. On average, these children were 5 years of age. The study took place in an urban, outpatient specialty autism clinic in the United States. Biological parents self-reported their relationship status during the evaluation. This was categorized as either “together” (married or living together but not married) or “not together” (separated, divorced, or never married). At the time of diagnosis, most children’s biological parents were together (69%). We found children of parents who were together were diagnosed 1.4 years earlier than those who were not together. These findings have important implications for providing support to families that separate early in a child’s life, with the goal of reducing the age at ASD evaluation among single parents and those who have been separated from their child’s other biological parent. Providing support to these families is important since earlier age at diagnosis leads to earlier intervention, which can improve long-term outcomes for the child, family, and community as a whole.
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Radina, M. Elise, and Teresa M. Cooney. "Relationship quality between multiracial adolescents and their biological parents." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 70, no. 4 (2000): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0087763.
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Wangi, Karolus Y. W., Istianah Istianah, and Novi Alviani. "OVER PROTECTIVE PARENTING WITH ADOLESCENTS COPING STRATEGIES." INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) 2, no. 2 (March 2, 2018): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.24990/injec.v2i2.34.
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Introduction. Parents are responsible to meet the needs of children include biological and psychological needs, but in reality behave over protective parents. The result appears coping strategies in children. The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation of behavior over protective parent with a teenager coping strategies in Mutiara Bandung 4 Junior High School. Methods. The study was observational with cross sectional sample of 70 respondents taken by purposive sampling method. Instruments questionnaire and analyzed using chi square test. Results. This study showed that teenagers in Mutiara Bandung 4 Junior High School whose parents overprotected more used Emotional Focused Coping than parents who did not overprotected. Chi square test p = 0.003, ie p <α (0.05). There was a correlation between the behavior over protective parent with a teenager coping strategies in Mutiara Bandung 4 Junior High School. Discussion. The Parents be recommended to comprehend adolescent condition with viewpoint of growth and development of adolescents, so they can use good coping strategy to solve their problems.Keywords: Adolescents, Coping Strategies, Over Protective
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Tamášová, Viola, and Silvia Barnová. "Coping with Adversity in the Lives of Children in Foster Care." Acta Educationis Generalis 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2019-0001.
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Abstract Introduction:The theoretical-empirical study is based on two particular case studies of families bringing up children from institutional care. It deals with the real needs of foster families, with the foster parents’ perception of fostering and their experiences from the time spent with children in foster care, about the children’s behaviour in adverse situations, which the foster parents must deal with in the period of the child’s adaptation to the new environment of their households. The authors accentuate the importance of communication and emotional education from the aspect of personality development of children placed into new families. These children should be prepared for moving from a known into an unknown environment. In the conclusions, the authors give several specific recommendations within the framework of semantic categories dealt with in the chapters and subchapters of the study. Methods:The study is based on a theoretical analysis of the presented issues. For the purposes of the research, the following research methods were used - Content analysis of official documents (job description of social workers in foster family care). - Case studies of two clients of the offices of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship in the field offices of Central Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family in Nitra and Bratislava Self-Governing Regions carried out in 2018. - Logical operations - analysis, synthesis, comparison. - Interviews with foster carers (Family 1 and Family 2) carried out throughout the whole year 2018. - Generalization in semantic categories which, at the same time, are the titles of the chapters and subchapters bellow, and also in the conclusions and recommendations for foster care and the social practice. Results:For personal development, children need relationships with others. Maternal and paternal love, and care are the basic elements of these relationships - as confirmed in the interviews with foster parents. Alongside with biological parenthood, the so-called “psychological parenthood” has an important role to play. The role of a psychological parent can be filled by the members of own (i.e. biological) family as well as by adoptive parents, foster parents, the biological parents’ partners (stepmothers and stepfathers) and - under certain conditions - also by personnel in facilities of social care. Their psychological needs and the extent of their satisfaction determine what they will experience and how they will feel. Discussion:It is important to prepare parents to accept the fact that foster parenthood is different from biological parenthood. Prospective foster parents often come to the offices of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Curatorship with the opinion that not even biological parents are being prepared for their parental roles. Foster parents already having biological children argue - as it follows from the interviews carried out throughout the research - that they are experienced parents and, so, they can bring up foster children as well. They do not realize that foster children bring something new that biological children have never experienced. Biological and foster parenthood are definitely not the same. Conclusions:In the conclusions, the authors point out that children in foster care identify with their parents’ values and opinions. For children who have faced significant adversity in their lives, it is beneficial if the family environment and education are harmonious. Such good conditions can have a positive impact on the children’s entire future lives. In the process of adaptation, the whole network of relationships within the family must be re-structuralized, which requires well-prepared family members.
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Rokhim, Abdul. "HARTA WARIS PADA ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SAMARINDA." LEGALITAS 5, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/lg.v5i2.5032.
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In general, adoption according to law is the transfer of a child to adoptive parents from the biological parents in its entirety and is carried out according to legal local customs. So, the biological parents have let go of the child, and the responsibility shifts to the parents who adopted him. Although the Qur'an does not give adopted children the right to inherit from their adoptive parents, this is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law which is a human product from various schools of thought and made as a source of law in our country by providing provisions. that adopted children are entitled to receive a share of the inheritance.The legal position of the adopted child will result in that in general the child will have an inheritance relationship with the adoptive parents and inherit from the original parent will be removed based on Article 209 Paragraph 2 Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), adopted children who do not receive a will will be given mandatory will. The position of adopted children according to Islamic inheritance law is not getting their inheritance rights from their adoptive parents, but still as legitimate children based on a court decision by not deciding the lineage / blood with their biological parents, because the principle of adoption according to the Islamic Law Compilation is a manifestation of faith that carrying a humanitarian mission that is manifested in the form of maintenance in its growth and development by fulfilling all its needs.Regarding the distribution of inheritance in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 209 paragraph (2) for adopted children who do not receive a will but are given what is called a will, obligatory maximum of 1/3 (one third) of the inheritance of their adoptive parents, as stated in Article 195 paragraph (2) will allow a maximum will of only 1/3 of the inheritance unless all the heirs agree.
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Heuveline, Patrick, and Savet Hong. "Household structure and child education in Cambodia." International Journal of Population Studies 3, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijps.v3i2.309.
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We analyze the effects of household structure on education in Cambodia. Consistent evidence documents that residence with both biological parents benefits children’s education in Western countries. Elsewhere, the issue is gaining more attention with the growing number of “left-behind children” due to adult migration and, possibly, changes in family behavior. The extant record is both thinner and more contrasted, however. Controlling for the presence of grandparents and some household characteristics, we find children residing with both biological parents are more likely to be enrolled in school, in the appropriate grade for their age, and literate than those living with only one parent. The effect sizes appear comparable to those in most Western countries, but the effects shrink or even disappear when grandparents are present. The results for children not residing with either parent are mixed, possibly resulting from negative effects for some children and positive selection for some others.
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Agatha, Fransiska Maryl, I. Ketut Widia, and I. Ketut Sukadana. "Pengangkatan Anak oleh Orang Tua yang Berbeda Keyakinan dengan Calon Anak Angkatnya." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.2.2391.16-20.
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Adoption is a legal action to transfer custody of a child from a parent, legal guardian, or another person responsible for the care, education, and care of the child to the care of the adoptive parent. The adoption of children is generally carried out by married couples who cannot have children. Apart from a reproduction factor, there are a lot of other things encouraging adopting a child, one of them is compassion. This study aimed to examine the requirements for adoption based on PP. 54 of 2007 and the legal consequences of adopting children by adoptive parents of different beliefs from the prospective adopted children. This research is a normative legal research. Based on the results and discussion of this study, it was found that requirements for adoption based on PP. 54 of 2007 has been clearly regulated, and the detailed procedures and requirements for adoption have been regulated in Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection with implementing regulations in the form of Government Regulation No. 54 of 2007 concerning the Implementation of Adoption and clear details in the Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. 110 of 2009 concerning Requirements for Adoption of Children. In addition, adoption by prospective parents with different beliefs can be carried out by having a statement letter from the biological parents of the prospective adopted child stating that the child follows the beliefs of the adoptive parents. Whereas for homeless children a statement letter from the biological parents is made by the foundation or institution that accommodates the child.
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Derguy, C., M. Bouvard, G. Michel, and K. M’Bailara. "The gap between parents’ knowledge and causal beliefs about etiology of autism: A key variable to understand parents’ anxiety." European Psychiatry 29, S3 (November 2014): 598–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.195.
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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are associated with higher levels of anxiety for parents [1]. Provide medical information about autism etiology is the first step to help parents to understand the child disorder and to cope with it. The medical current community accepts that autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which genes play a role but that environmental factors likely contribute as well [2]. This conception can meet parent's beliefs constructed on their cultural values and personal experiences. In line with causal attribution theory [3], it is important to consider to parental beliefs because it can impact the treatment choices and the child developmental trajectory [4]. The Main purpose is to evaluate the consistency between parental knowledge and beliefs about ASD etiology. The second purpose is to explore the impact of consistency on parents’ anxiety. We interviewed through open-ended questions 89 parents of ASD children aged between 3 to 10 years about their knowledge and their beliefs about ASD etiology. A content analysis was performed using the Nvivo10 software. Anxiety is evaluated with the subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In agreement with previous work four categories of causes have been identified: biological (BIO), psychological (PSY), multifactorial etiology (BIO + PSY), others (OT). A percentage of 55.1% of parents is consistent between their knowledge and beliefs about ASD etiology while 43.8% are inconsistent. Parent anxiety is significantly higher (T (71.91) = 2.34; P < 0.05) when knowledge and beliefs are inconsistent than when they are consistent. This study demonstrates the deleterious impact of inconsistency between knowledge and beliefs about ASD etiology, on parental anxiety. In order to provide relevant support for parents, information delivered after diagnosis must consider pre-existing parental beliefs. A systematic assessment of parental beliefs would adjust the information provided after the diagnosis.
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Edwards, R. "Biological parents and social families: legal discourses and everyday understandings of the position of step-parents." International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 13, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 78–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/13.1.78.
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Patterson, Sarah, Robert Schoeni, Vicki Freedman, and Judith Seltzer. "The Enduring Strength of Biology and Gender: Care for Aging Parents Among Adult Children." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3340.
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Abstract Family complexity in the form of step-relationships are increasing across cohorts. Filial obligation, or the social norm that adult children should care for aging parents, are generally weaker in stepfamilies. Further, gender continues to be a main axis of stratification of who provides care within families. Taken together, we test whether biological versus step ties, the gender of the adult child, and the interaction between these two factors are associated with helping aging parents (ages 65 and older) with functional or health limitation based care needs. We use Round 5 (2015) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Results illustrate the enduring strength of both biological and gendered ties, with biological daughters being the most likely to help an aging parent, followed by biological sons, step-daughters, and lastly step-sons. This pattern holds even when we control for important characteristics of both the adult child and the care receiver. As families become more complex, these findings could mean that gaps in unmet care needs will emerge, especially for older adults who only have stepchildren.
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Ren, Yaxuan, Xiaoyi Hu, Zhuo Rachel Han, Xuan Yang, and Mingyao Li. "Mindful Parenting and Parenting Practices in Chinese Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Child and Family Studies 29, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 559–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01549-8.
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Abstract Objectives Parenting children with autism spectrum disorder may be different from parenting typically developing children. The current study systematically compared mindful parenting and parenting practices in families of children with autism spectrum disorder and in families of typically developing children in China. Methods 167 biological parents (Mage = 37.87) of Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder and 167 biological parents (Mage = 38.04) of typical developing children completed questionnaires regarding mindful parenting and parenting practices. A multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to compare between the two types of families with parent/child gender effects on mindful parenting and parenting practices. Then a series of path analyses were also conducted to examine the associations between mindful parenting and parenting practices in the two types of families. Results Compared to parents of typically developing children, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder showed less listening with full attention, less proactive parenting, less supportiveness, more lax control, and more physical control to their children; in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (but not in families of typically developing children), fathers showed less proactive parenting and supportiveness to their children than mothers. We also found that parents’ listening with full attention and awareness of children’s emotions were significantly related to both positive and negative parenting practices in families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Conclusions Chinese parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and parents of typically developing children display different parenting behaviors. These findings can provide us more future directions in studying parenting behaviors in Chinese families of children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Lessells, C. M. "Parentally biased favouritism: why should parents specialize in caring for different offspring?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 357, no. 1419 (March 29, 2002): 381–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0928.
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‘Parentally biased favouritism’ occurs when the two parents differentially care for individual offspring or kinds of offspring. Examples in birds include brood division and differential investment by the two parents in relation to the size or sex of the offspring. This paper uses mathematical models to investigate which ideas can, in theory, explain parentally biased favouritism. One previous explanation is that the parents differ in their cost of reproduction and that the parent who consequently invests least concentrates its care on the more valuable offspring. However, a mathematical model predicts the total care given by each parent and received by each offspring, not how much each parent cares for each offspring, and hence does not explain parentally biased favouritism. Parentally biased favouritism towards particular types of offspring can be explained by a difference between the parents in the benefits of caring for a given type of offspring or in the effort incurred in providing care to a given type of offspring, but then it is extreme, with at least one of the parents providing care to only one type of offspring. Parentally biased favouritism towards particular individual offspring (brood division) can be explained by parent–offspring conflict or sexual conflict.
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Fineran, Kerrie R. "Helping Foster and Adopted Children to Grieve the Loss of Birthparents." Family Journal 20, no. 4 (August 9, 2012): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480712451230.
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Working with children and adolescents in the foster care system whose biological parents’ parental rights have been, or are soon to be, terminated can present numerous challenges for counselors. Children in these situations often struggle with identification of conflicting feelings, grief resulting from the absence of the parent/parents, and reorientation to life in a new family. In this article, a case from the author’s clinical experience is presented and related to the stages of grief suggested by Kübler-Ross and to Worden’s tasks of mourning. Practical applications and interventions are considered.