Journal articles: 'Biological Interests'

1

Varner, Gary E. "BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND BIOLOGICAL INTERESTS." Southern Journal of Philosophy 28, no. 2 (June 1990): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-6962.1990.tb00545.x.

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Simmons, Aaron. "Two Arguments against Biological Interests." Environmental Ethics 32, no. 3 (2010): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201032329.

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Tajara, E. H., L. L. Villa, and M. B. d. Carvalho. "Research interests: behind the biological sample." BMJ 349, sep02 10 (September 2, 2014): g5231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5231.

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4

Holm, Sune. "Biological Interests, Normative Functions, and Synthetic Biology." Philosophy & Technology 25, no. 4 (May 3, 2012): 525–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13347-012-0075-6.

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Kandler, Christian, and Annika Piepenburg. "Leisure Interests and Engagement." Journal of Individual Differences 41, no. 2 (April 2020): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000308.

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Abstract. Individual differences in interests and related engagement are often hypothesized to be mere expressions of core personality differences in specific contexts, such as occupation and leisur. However, previous research has found only moderate correlations between personality traits and operationalizations of interests. Moreover, interests showed comparable or even higher stability than personality traits. In the current study, we examined the correlations between different measures of Big Five personality traits and leisure interests as well as engagement in various leisure activities based on a sample of 407 individuals (132 males and 275 females). Furthermore, we compared rank-order and profile stability estimates, and analyzed the directionality of effects between the variables across two measurement occasions. Even though we found some systematic correlations between personality traits and leisure interests/engagement, most of them were small or only moderate. Estimates of profile stability tended to be larger for interests and engagements, whereas rank-order stability tended to be larger for Big Five traits. Moreover, we found bidirectional associations between personality traits and leisure interests/engagement. Thus, the results of our study provide strong support for a conceptualization of leisure interests as systematically linked with personality traits, but reflecting dispositions to behavior that are sufficiently distinct from personality traits.

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Kilby, Richard W. "Interests: Psychology's Blind Spot?" Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 3 (December 1994): 1139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.3.1139.

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It is suggested that interests have been taken for granted by psychologists and deserve recognirion because they are important in our lives. Different types of interests have different natures and origins and this brief report is limited to intellectual interests. They are described as combining two uniquely human activities—an ever-reaching-out intellect and an emotional coloring which is giving them significance. A consequence is that new interest, with its motivation, is being produced spontaneously and regularly. A number of specific interest-influencing determinants are mentioned and exemplified with brief reports on the interests of some biological and anthropological scientists.

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Kew-Cheol Shim. "Scientifically Gifted Students' Interests in Biological Sciences Presented in Writing Articles about Biological Sciences." BIOLOGY EDUCATION 41, no. 1 (March 2013): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15717/bioedu.2013.41.1.86.

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8

Egan, Vincent, Aurelio José Figueredo, Pedro Wolf, Kara McBride, Jon Sefcek, Geneva Vasquez, and Kathy Charles. "Sensational Interests, Mating Effort, and Personality: Evidence for Cross-Cultural Validity." Journal of Individual Differences 26, no. 1 (January 2005): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.26.1.11.

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Abstract. We assessed whether violent or macabre interests (“sensational interests”) were related to mating effort and a higher-order personality construct reflecting the combined features of higher Extraversion, lower Psychoticism, and lower Neuroticism in 1321 participants from English-speaking (Tucson, Arizona, and Glasgow, Scotland) and Spanish-speaking (Hermosillo, Mexico, and Talca, Chile) communities. Participants from Spanish-speaking communities generally had more sensational interests. Mating effort was positively related to sensational interests, though the relationship was slightly weaker in Spanish-speaking communities. Personality effects were modest and entirely moderated by language; personality was negatively related to sensational interests in English-speaking communities, but positively associated to sensational interests in Spanish-speaking communities. These findings suggest that the relationship between mating effort and sensational interests is universal and reflects general intrasexual competition, whereas the relationship between personality and sensational interests is more culture-specific.

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9

Wudarski, A., and M. V. Ulianova. "The Legal Status of the Biological Father in the Case of Multiple Paternity: A European Comparative Analysis." Lex Russica 74, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2022.182.1.147-163.

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The modern development of social relations and reproductive technologies has brought new questions and actualized interest in the situation of plurality on the father’s side. The problem that needs to be resolved is the search for a balance of interests of interested persons with a discrepancy between biological and legal paternity, taking into account the rights of the child, the search for an optimal solution. A European researcher focused on the ideal family model drew attention to the fact that it often does not correspond to social reality, which creates problems and does not always serve the interests of the child. The extension of the rights of the biological father is also considered in the context of legal protection of the sense of quality of life. The purpose of this work is to identify and study the rights of the biological father, to find a balance of interests and rights in the relations developing in the family sphere. The authors identified the interests of the parties, determined the objective rights of interested persons, determined the limits of the exercise of the rights of the biological father to establish paternity in the absence of a registered marriage with the mother of the child. Conclusions are drawn about the trends in the development of legal regulation, the need to maintain a balance of interests of persons in modern real relationships, taking into account the interests and rights of the child. It is noted that the identified problems are characteristic of different states; legal regulation based on a single presumption in different states has differences in the details and variants of behaviors established by the legislator. The conclusions drawn can be used as a basis for the development of concepts of fatherhood, proposals for the development of legislation regarding the exercise of personal rights of fathers and children, taking into account the balance of rights and interests of individuals.

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Asanov, A. N., E. L. Li, and E. Yu Ageshina. "Quotas for catch of aquatic biological resources." World of new economy 16, no. 4 (January 17, 2023): 124–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2022-16-4-124-139.

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The transformation of the system for distributing quotas for the extraction of aquatic biological resources (ABR) in quotas in Russia affects the interests of many parties. The new system of allocation of rights to catch ABR, which provides for quotas for investment, changes the established order in Russia in ﬁsheries, which caused discussions in the industry. Innovations reduced the level of monopolization of industrial ﬁshing, the development of shipbuilding and the ABR processing in Russia’s territory. The aim of the study is to identify the structure of interests of economic entities and the population within the framework of the current quota system of ABR catch in Russia on the example of the Far Eastern ﬁshery basin of the country. Being studying the materials for the paper, the authors used methods of scientiﬁc analysis and comparison in the research of the regulatory framework and the distribution of total allowable catches. There is an inductive method prevails in the statistical part of the study, and the monographic method allowed to combine the results obtained in the scientiﬁc paper. According to the analysis of the detailed structure and short-term dynamics of the allocation of quotas for the catch of ABR in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD), the authors found that the current system of distribution of rights does not ﬁt to global trends aimed at reducing the catch of the wild resource, the capacity and number of ﬁshing vessels. Innovations mainly reﬂect the interests of large ﬁsh producers to the detriment of small ones. However, the potential effect of introducing investment quotas is positive, as it ensures intersectoral cooperation. Against the background of unstable external demand for Russian products, this mechanism stimulates reorienting the activities of ﬁshers from foreign markets to domestic ones, from the sale of raw materials to processed products and making added value within the country, including in the FEFD.

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11

Brothers, Leslie. "The logic of interests in neuroscience." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (October 1999): 831–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99232190.

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Logical problems inherent in claims that biological neuroscience can ultimately explain mind are not anomalous: They result from underlying social interests. Neuroscientists are currently making a successful bid to fill a vacuum of authority created by the demise of Freudian theory in popular culture. The conflations described in the Gold & Stoljar target article are the result of alliances between certain apologist-philosophers, neuroscientists, and institutions, for the purpose of commanding authority and resources. Social analysis has a role to play in addressing logical issues in the philosophy of neuroscience.

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12

Mori, Kenji. "Synthesis of Optically Active and Naturally Occurring Compounds of Biological Interests." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 62, no. 1 (2004): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.62.2.

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13

Marinicheva, K. V., L. V. Pchelinskaya, and D. А. Zubritsky. "DARPA programs and biological technologies – in the interests of national security." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 91 (November 16, 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9102.

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The purpose of our article is to review and analyze the main areas, projects and developments in the management of promising research projects of the US Department of Defense DARPA. The dynamics of funding revealed an increase in interest in such areas as materials technology and biotechnology, promising aerospace systems, technology centric armed struggle, etc. The object of the research is – the development of the DARPA agency, and its influence on world scientific activity. As a subject of research in the article the possibilities of the DARPA Biological Technology Department and the perspective directions of research are considered. The Agency for Advanced Defense Research Projects DARPA (USA) was established in 1958. Over the past decade, success has led to the creation of analogues of this organizational structure in other countries: DRDO (India), MAFAT (Israel), SASTIND (China), GDA (France). DARPA Technology Priorities for 2020: 1. human technology; 2. technology of robotics; 3. network technologies; 5. technologies of automatic switching of events of real and virtual worlds; 6. technologies of integration and mutual empowerment of human and computer networks; 7. integrated network technologies for the transformation of the real world through the interaction of man and robots. In 2014, DARPA announced the creation of a new department – Biological Technology. The Department of Biological Technologies (DBT) is created to study the complex mechanisms of natural processes, and to implement their use in solving the problems of national defense. The task of DBT is to put biology at the service of national security. Among the priorities of the new department: 1) Survivability and ability to survive military service; 2) Synthetic biology of animals and living systems; 3) Integration of biochemical and omics data on human health. A feature of the direct line will be the overcoming of moral and ethical constraints on the way to improving the physical and intellectual abilities of a person. The appearance in Ukraine of the DARPA analogue is of the utmost importance for future technological development. Such a structure, called GARDA, should become a platform that brings together developers, startups, investment funds and military. The GARDA project was developed last year, but it requires professional expertise, resources, and serious political support at the government level.The creation in Ukraine of the domestic prototype of the DARPA Agency has a number of prerequisites: 1) the presence of high-tech institutions in the areas of defense and dual use; 2) the need for technological advantages of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other armed formations of the state; 3) the importance of high-tech export on the world market of armaments and consolidation of the image of Ukraine as a high-tech state.

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14

Le Minor, Jean-Marie, and Etienne Rapp. "Relative weights of the human carpal bones: biological and functional interests." Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 183, no. 6 (November 2001): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0940-9602(01)80062-5.

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15

Bonthuys, E. "Of Biological Bonds, New Fathers and the Best Interests of Children." South African Journal on Human Rights 13, no. 4 (January 1997): 622–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02587203.1997.11834961.

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16

Harrop, Clare, Desiree Jones, Shuting Zheng, Sallie Nowell, Brian A. Boyd, and Noah Sasson. "Circumscribed Interests and Attention in Autism: The Role of Biological Sex." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 48, no. 10 (May 18, 2018): 3449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3612-z.

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17

Anderson, David G. "Rangifer and human interests." Rangifer 20, no. 2-3 (March 1, 2000): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.20.2-3.1510.

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This article reviews biological and anthropological literatute on wild and tame Rangifer to demonstrate the powerful effect that this species has had on the imaginations of biologists, social scientists and local hunters. Through identifying a general 'human interest' in Rangifer, the author argues that there is great potential for these three communities to work together. To demonstrate this idea, the paper reviews several examples of successful and unsuccessful 'alliances' between local peoples and both natural and social scientists which have had a fundamental impact upon the history of these sciences. The paper examines recent theorerical models which suggest that human action is a major factor in the behaviour and ecology of the animals. The paper also analyses the ideas of many indigenous people for whom there is no categorical difference between semi-domesticated, semi-sedentary and migratory Rangifer through comparison with many 'anomalous' texts in English and Russian language wildlife biology. By reviewing the history of scholarly interest in Rangifer, the author argues that contemporary models of Rangifer behaviour and identity could be 'revitalised' and 'recalibrated' through the establishment of that dialogue between scientists and local peoples which so characterised the 19th century. Such a dialogue, it is argued, would help mediate many of the political conflicts now appearing in those districts where Rangifer migrate.

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N.A., Karimova. "BASIC CRITERIA AND INDICATORS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 02, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-09.

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This article is achieved through active targeted work with school students, identifying their real interests and abilities in the biological sciences, personal preferences, as well as building confidence in choosing the right profession that meets the needs of the city, district, village where they live. Therefore, from a pedagogical point of view, the effectiveness of career choice based on biology education means measuring a person’s career choice in accordance with the teacher’s recommendations

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19

Hawksworth, David L. "Miles J. Berkeley's lichenological interests." Archives of Natural History 31, no. 2 (October 2004): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2004.31.2.308.

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Berkeley is not generally thought of as a lichenologist, but as befi ts any true mycological polymath he did not pass lichens by. He wrestled with their defi nition and classifi cation, and in the 1850s appreciated that the only difference was what we now know as the algal or cyanobacterial partners - way ahead of his contemporaries and the publication of the ‘dual hypothesis’ in 1868. He was fascinated by the circular growth of lichens and recognized the great age colonies could achieve (foreshadowing the birth of lichenometry), pondered any damaging role they might have to leaves and trees, and was intrigued by the wandering manna lichens (occasioning some challenges to his religious convictions). Further, he was a pioneer in describing novel lichenicolous fungi, including some of the most widespread fungal pathogens of lichens. His views in these areas are compared and contrasted with current knowledge, and the name Dothidea hymeniicola Berk. & Broome is reported as referring to an unrecognized species of Endococcus.

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Hawksworth, David L. "Miles J. Berkeley's lichenological interests." Archives of Natural History 31, no. 2 (April 2005): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2005.31.2.308.

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21

Maranhão-Filho, Péricles, and Anders Bárány. "Robert Bárány, a scientist with many interests." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 77, no. 5 (May 2019): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190034.

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ABSTRACT Austrian-born Robert Bárány was a scientist with many interests. This article highlights some of these interests and also some personal traits. He enrolled as a surgeon in World War I, was captured by the Russians in 1915 and, while still in the prison camp, was awarded the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in otology. In 1916, he accepted an offer from Uppsala University, Sweden, and worked there for almost 20 years. He died shortly before his 60th birthday, in 1936.

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Tsunoda, Hidetoshi, and Seiichiro Ogawa. "Pseudosugars, 33. Synthesis of some 5a-carbaglycosylamides, glycolipid analogs of biological interests." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1994, no. 2 (February 14, 1994): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199419940202.

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23

Ashton, Michael C., and Kibeom Lee. "Gender-Related Occupational Interests Do Not Define a Masculinity-Femininity Factor." Journal of Individual Differences 29, no. 1 (January 2008): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.29.1.25.

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Abstract. The possible existence of a broad factor of masculine versus feminine (M-F) occupational interests was tested. Data from Lippa (2005) were reanalyzed using common factor analysis and omitting redundant composite variables. The first unrotated factor, as obtained in male-only and female-only samples, was very small and showed weak loadings for most interest scales. Moreover, strong negative correlations between overall “masculine” and “feminine” interests were shown to be a statistical artifact. Second, analyses of new data on the Campbell Interest and Skills Survey indicated that, when gender differences were controlled, gender-related scales showed only very modest loadings on a potential M-F interests factor; in addition, several scales were mutually uncorrelated, a result that was not attributable to the influence of any second factor. Results undermine the hypothesis of a broad factor of M-F occupational interests.

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24

Mmusinyane, Boitumelo. "Demanding Equal Rights and Treatment of Husbands/Partners in Paternity Disputes: A South African Perspective." African Journal of Legal Studies 9, no. 3 (August 18, 2016): 147–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340009.

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The legitimacy presumption poses a threat to the equality of parties in a marriage/partnership in today’s constitutional society. The approach adopted by courts in paternity disputes reveals an ongoing inequality in marriages/partnerships. The marriage/partnership is being used by courts to prevent a husband/partner from introducing a paternity claim on the assumption that doing so is not in the best interests of the child. Courts should be cautious in using children as a mechanism for preventing a husband/partner from determining their biological relationship. The child’s best interests can only be advanced if children know his biological identity. Husband/partner must have the right to know their biological relationship to their wives/partner’s children. A husbands/partners’ right to assert his paternity claims, on a balance of probabilities and on an equal basis is an inherent right to dignity.

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25

Campeggiani, Pia. "Aristotle on Perceptual Interests." Apeiron 53, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2019-0001.

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AbstractTraditional interpretations of Aristotle’s theory of perception mainly focus on uncovering the underlying mechanisms that are at stake when perceivers are affected by sensible qualities. Investigating the nature of sense perception is one of Aristotle’s main worries and one that he explicitly relates to the question of its causes (e. g. Sens. 436a16–17, 436b9) and its ends (e. g. de An. 434a30 ff.). Therefore I suggest that, in order to fully explain Aristotle’s view of perceptual phenomena, the possibilities, the constraints, and the goals defined by the embodied and situated engagement of perceivers with the external world must be taken into account. Accordingly, in this paper, I provide an affective reading of Aristotle’s theory of perception. I shall ask what, in addition to functioning sense organs and appropriate response mechanisms, the perceiver contributes to perceptual content. Specifically, I propose to shed light on the significance of perceptual experience for the perceiver and I aim to show that, according to Aristotle, one’s biological and personal qualities are perceptually relevant, meaning that they underpin perception, rather than coming into play after perception has occurred and its objects have been discerned. The paper is divided into two parts, respectively dealing with sensory affections and more complex affective phenomena. As regards the domain of primal sense perception, I will focus on smell as a representative example: since Aristotle identifies it as the least developed of human sensory faculties, it will serve as a revealing illustration of how sense perception is informed and qualified by what, drawing on contemporary philosophical terminology, I will call ‘perceptual interests’, viz. the affective sense of what is at stake in the living being’s interaction with the environment. I will then proceed to consider the way more complex affective phenomena underpin perception by examining the case of emotions and that of virtues of character. By showing how perception is affectively inflected and how emotion is rooted in perception’s bodily nature, I aim to sketch out the general lines along which I believe that the Aristotelian theory of perception should be approached.

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26

Ren, Qing-Cheng, Chuan Gao, Zhi Xu, Lian-Shun Feng, Ming-Liang Liu, Xiang Wu, and Feng Zhao. "Bis-coumarin Derivatives and Their Biological Activities." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 2 (April 24, 2018): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026618666180221114515.

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Bis-coumarins have caused great interests in the recent years. These compounds exhibit diverse biological activities which are ascribed to their ability to exert noncovalent interactions with the various active sites in organisms. Some of them such as dicoumarolum and dicoumarol were approved for therapeutic purposes in clinical practice. Encouraged by the above facts, numerous biscoumarin derivatives have been synthesized and screened for their biological activities, and many of them showed promising potency. This review is focused on the biological potential of bis-coumarin derivatives with particular mention of those exhibiting antibacterial, anticoagulant, antiinflammatory, antiviral, anti-parasite and antitumor activities, and their structure-activity relationships are also discussed.

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Verma, Amita, Sunil Joshi, and Deepika Singh. "Imidazole: Having Versatile Biological Activities." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/329412.

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Imidazoles have occupied a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, and its derivatives have attracted considerable interests in recent years for their versatile properties in chemistry and pharmacology. Imidazole is nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which possesses biological and pharmaceutical importance. Thus, imidazole compounds have been an interesting source for researchers for more than a century. The imidazole ring is a constituent of several important natural products, including purine, histamine, histidine, and nucleic acid. Being a polar and ionisable aromatic compound, it improves pharmacokinetic characteristics of lead molecules and thus is used as a remedy to optimize solubility and bioavailability parameters of proposed poorly soluble lead molecules. There are several methods used for the synthesis of imidazole-containing compounds, and also their various structure reactions offer enormous scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. The imidazole derivatives possess extensive spectrum of biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, antitubercular, antifungal, analgesic, and anti-HIV activities. This paper aims to review the biological activities of imidazole during the past years.

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Bashkin, Vladimir. "MODERN PROBLEMS OF BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE." LIFE OF THE EARTH 44, no. 2 (May 11, 2022): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3026.0514-7468.2022_44_2/180-191.

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The article discusses the current state and prospects of biologization of agriculture related to nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in agriculture and the determination of research opportunities in the field of agronomy, plant breeding and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Crop breeding increases nitrogen uptake and use of its soil forms, while breeding aimed at increasing the efficiency of BNF by legumes will increase the overall efficiency of the system. Similarly, the development of new N-fixing symbioses in non-legume crops may reduce the need for chemical fertilizers in agroecosystems, but is a much longer-term goal. Consequently, the biologization of agriculture should combine the use of a number of nature-like agricultural technologies with an increase in the efficiency of applied mineral fertilizers, primarily nitrogen. It is shown that the biologization of agriculture requires something more than technical solutions of biological problems to ensure the responsible use of nitrogen in the interests of food security and environmental protection. Ultimately, the problem comes from society, and the solution must include a social dimension.

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29

De Wilde, Lieselot. "“Je denkt altijd dat het jou niet zal overkomen…” : Het belang van biologische ouders in pleegzorg." Pedagogiek 40, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ped2020.2.002.dewi.

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Abstract “You always think it won’t happen to you…” The importance of biological parents in foster careEuropean societies still struggle with the question of how to deal best with, and organise care for, those children who for various reasons need to be placed out of their home. Foster care is currently preferred over institutional care when children are in the care of the state. This evolution towards a manifest choice for foster care is defended as being more in ‘the best interests of the child’. During the last decades a shift towards a child’s perspective away from a family-preservation perspective is noticeable. However, we do not know what this shift means for biological parents of foster children. We therefore examine whether the attention to the needs of children is at the expense of the rights and identity of the biological parents. Does strengthening the rights of one party entail a curtailment of rights for another party? Or can we possibly reconcile various interests?

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30

Wehbe, Rim, Jacinthe Frangieh, Mohamad Rima, Dany El Obeid, Jean-Marc Sabatier, and Ziad Fajloun. "Bee Venom: Overview of Main Compounds and Bioactivities for Therapeutic Interests." Molecules 24, no. 16 (August 19, 2019): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162997.

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Apitherapy is an alternate therapy that relies on the usage of honeybee products, most importantly bee venom for the treatment of many human diseases. The venom can be introduced into the human body by manual injection or by direct bee stings. Bee venom contains several active molecules such as peptides and enzymes that have advantageous potential in treating inflammation and central nervous system diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Moreover, bee venom has shown promising benefits against different types of cancer as well as anti-viral activity, even against the challenging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many studies described biological activities of bee venom components and launched preclinical trials to improve the potential use of apitoxin and its constituents as the next generation of drugs. The aim of this review is to summarize the main compounds of bee venom, their primary biological properties, mechanisms of action, and their therapeutic values in alternative therapy strategies.

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31

Nowell, Sallie Wallace, Desiree R. Jones, and Clare Harrop. "Circumscribed interests in autism: are there sex differences?" Advances in Autism 5, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aia-09-2018-0032.

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Purpose Sex differences in circumscribed interests (CI) may delay diagnosis for females with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); therefore, it is important to characterize sex differences in CI to determine if differential approaches to diagnostic assessment are warranted for females with ASD. The purpose of this paper is to examine sex differences in parent-reported quantity, content and functional impairment of children’s interests. Design/methodology/approach Parent responses to the Interests Scale were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVAs to determine diagnostic (ASD vs typical development (TD)) and sex differences between four groups of children ages six to ten years: ASD males, ASD females, TD males and TD females. Findings Groups were comparable on the quantity of interests reported on the Interests Scale. Children with ASD demonstrated significantly more nonsocial interests and had greater functional impairment associated with their interests than TD children. A significant diagnosis×sex effect was found for the number of interests in folk psychology. Descriptively, males with ASD were more likely to have a primary interest in the traditionally male category of physics than females with ASD whose primary interest mainly fell into the categories of TV or the more traditionally female category of psychology. Originality/value These findings strengthen the results of Turner-Brown et al. (2011) by replicating their findings that children with ASD have more nonsocial interests and greater functional impairments related to their interests compared to TD children in a sample that is balanced on biological sex. However, there are distinctions between males and females with ASD in their primary interests that have implications for diagnostic assessment.

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32

Zaluar, Achilles, and Roque Monteleone-Neto. "The 1972 Biological Weapons Convention: A view from the South." International Review of the Red Cross 37, no. 318 (June 1997): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400084709.

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Before addressing the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) itself, we should point out that any view of the treaty from a Southern perspective can be only partial, that is, one perspective among many possible others. Developing and non-aligned countries may have different — and equally legitimate — interests and expectations regarding a particular international instrument. In fact, this diversity is itself one of the defining characteristics of the “South”, a term we use to categorize developing States whose main point in common is the absence of alignment with any great power and, indeed, with each other.

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33

Belevich, T. A., A. I. Azovsky, Yu Yu Dgibuadze, and M. V. Flint. "In memory of Ludmila Ilyash." Journal of Oceanological Research 48, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29006/1564-2291.jor-2020.48(1).12.

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On January 6, 2020, Lyudmila Vasilyevna Ilyash, an outstanding hydrobiologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor of the Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology of the Biological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University. Research interests L.V. Ilyash covered a wide range of issues and topics related to the ecology of marine planktonic and ice algae, patterns of formation of the structure and functioning of phytocenoses in marine ecosystems

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Barss, Peter. "Investigating Allegations of Chemical, Biological, or Toxin Warfare: A Response to Five Expert Commentaries." Politics and the Life Sciences 11, no. 1 (February 1992): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400017184.

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The unique contributions of five experts with diverse professional backgrounds and interests substantially augment my article, for which I am grateful. In my response, I will briefly summarize what I see as the principal addition of each author to the original findings, and then comment upon any reservations I have concerning their conclusions.

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Weindling, Paul. "Dissecting German Social Darwinism: Historicizing the Biology of the Organic State." Science in Context 11, no. 3-4 (1998): 619–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700003252.

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The ArgumentRecognizing that social Darwinism is an intrinsically varied and composite concept, this essay advocates an approach delineating the various intellectual constituents and sociopolitical contexts. It is argued that German social Darwinism has often had a sophisticated biological content, and that the prevalent notion of the state as a biological organism has drawn on non-Darwinian biological theories. Different social interests and programs, institutional structures, and professional interests have also to be taken into account. Alternative interpretations stressing Nazi vulgarizations of biology have serious historical flaws. The paper considers the position of the historian Richard J. Evans, who has rejected interpretations of social Darwinism as scientific and medical discourse. While Evans stresses social Darwinism as public rhetoric, I suggest that social-Darwinist ideas have provided rationales for welfare policies and have had institutional, professional, and ideological implications. What occurred in crucial sectors of the emergent German “welfare state” was a shift from the legally trained administrators to specialists in such areas as public health and social work, who frequently looked to biology to legitimate policy.

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KARLSEN, JAN REINERT, JAN HELGE SOLBAKK, and SØREN HOLM. "Ethical Endgames: Broad Consent for Narrow Interests; Open Consent for Closed Minds." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, no. 4 (August 16, 2011): 572–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180111000314.

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The ongoing legal and bioethics debates on consent requirements for collecting, storing, and utilizing human biological material for purposes of basic and applied research—that is, genomic research biobanking—have already managed to pass through three ostensibly dissimilar stages

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Tunnicliffe, Sue Dale. "Considering the Needs & Interests of the Youngest Biologists." American Biology Teacher 77, no. 9 (November 1, 2015): 645–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2015.77.9.1.

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Ogawa, Seiichiro, Shin-ichi Sasaki, and Hidetoshi Tsunoda. "Convenient Synthesis of Oxo-Linked 5a-Carba-di- and tri-saccharides of Biological Interests." Chemistry Letters 22, no. 9 (September 1993): 1587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1993.1587.

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Elster, Doris. "Student interests — the German and Austrian ROSE survey." Journal of Biological Education 42, no. 1 (December 2007): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2007.9656100.

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Phyne, John. "Biological Warfare: Salmon Farming, Angling Tourism and the Sea Trout Dispute in the West of Ireland, 1989–1995." Irish Journal of Sociology 6, no. 1 (May 1996): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/079160359600600101.

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After the 1989 sea trout collapse in the west of Ireland, the angling community (which includes private fishery owners) attributed the collapse to coastal salmon farms, but the salmon farming community linked the sea trout collapse to environmental factors. The contending parties raised issues which are assessed here through the literature on environmental protests and the sociology of science. This paper then provides an analysis of the sea trout dispute as a conflict between angling interests and fish farming interests over the legitimate use of aquatic resources in rural Ireland. By drawing upon interview data, and government and industry publications, it will show that the dynamics of the sea trout conflict delineates the sociocultural context of science in the disputing process, as well as the nature of social change in rural Ireland.

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Binti Idereh, Nur Fatin Adila. "Determination Of Child Care Rights Between Birthday Parents And Adopting Parents." El-Hadhanah : Indonesian Journal Of Family Law And Islamic Law 3, no. 2 (August 20, 2023): 210–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/hadhanah.v3i2.2750.

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Adoption of children is regulated in the Deed of Registration of Appointment 1952 (Deed 253) for Muslims and non-Muslims and the Deed of Adoption 1952 (Deed 257) for non-Muslims. Among the cases involving the struggle for custody is the one that occurred at the Pahang Sharia High Court, in which the judge handed over a child to his biological parents while the child had been registered under the Deed of Registration of Appointment 1952 (Deed 253). Then, in the case at the Selangor High Court, the judge handed over custody rights to the adoptive parents while the adoption registration was invalid. There are two formulations of the problem in this thesis. Firstly, what are the considerations of the Pahang Sharia High Court judges in determining child custody between biological parents and adoptive parents? Second, what are the considerations of the judges of the Selangor High Court in determining child custody between biological parents and adoptive parents? This research uses the juridical-normative method and case studies. Data collection is also done with literature and documentation. The results of the study show that first, the consideration of the judges of the Pahang Sharia High Court in determining child custody of their biological parents is because the judge looks at their efforts to get their child back and they have full rights to the child. Second, the consideration of the judge of the Selangor High Court in determining child custody of the adoptive parents is important because the judge stated that the main thing is what is best for the child, and the child's biological parents also have several obstacles to looking after the child. Custody is closely related to the interests of the child and the guardians, if there is an imbalance in custody, then the rights and interests of the child need to take precedence over the interests of the guardians.

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Hänold, Stefanie, Nikolaus Forgó, Dania Kobeissi, and Iheanyi Nwankwo. "Legal Perspectives on Post-mortem Use of Biomaterial and Data for Research: A Focus on the German Situation." European Journal of Health Law 24, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341415.

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AbstractAnalyses of biobank informed consent forms show that most of them do not include provisions for post-mortem use of biomaterial and data obtained from a donor who later dies. When these biobanks are confronted with issues of secondary use of these bioresources for research, especially when not completely anonymised, or when genetic research is involved which could reveal not only the identity of the donor, but also those of his biological relatives, they are often confused. Looking at the existing regulatory framework of biobanks, we conclude that no clear guidelines exist on this issue. Although the donor has died, his interests are not completely extinguished. Other interests — those of his biological relatives, researchers, and the public at large may also crop up. Legal reform and clear indications of post-mortem use in the consent document are needed to give donors the opportunity to consider all the implications.

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Lewis, Michelle Huckaby. "Laboratory Specimens and Genetic Privacy: Evolution of Legal Theory." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 41, S1 (2013): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12042.

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Human biological tissue samples are an invaluable resource for biomedical research designed to find causes of diseases and their treatments. Controversy has arisen, however, when research has been conducted with laboratory specimens either without the consent of the source of the specimen or when the research conducted with the specimen has expanded beyond the scope of the original consent agreement. Moreover, disputes have arisen regarding which party, the researcher or the source of the specimen, has control over who may use the specimens and for what purposes. The purposes of this article are: (1) to summarize the most important litigation regarding the use of laboratory specimens, and (2) to demonstrate how legal theory regarding control of laboratory specimens has evolved from arguments based upon property interests in biological samples to claims that the origins of laboratory specimens have privacy interests in their genetic information that should be protected.

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Wrangham, Richard. "Darwinian Dominion: Animal Welfare and Human Interests. Lewis Petrinovich." Quarterly Review of Biology 75, no. 1 (March 2000): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/393372.

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Gardner, B. Delworth. "Special Interests and the 1990 Farm Bill." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 73, no. 3 (August 1991): 922–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1242854.

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Moodie, Michael. "The Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute (CBACI)." Politics and the Life Sciences 15, no. 1 (March 1996): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400019845.

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The Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute (CBACI) is an independent, nonprofit corporation established to promote the goals of arms control and nonproliferation, with a special, although not exclusive focus on the elimination of chemical and biological weapons. Established in late 1993, CBACI fosters its goals through an innovative program of research, analysis, technical support, and education designed to provide a strategic perspective and deepened understanding of contemporary arms control challenges to government, industry, and others. The institute's program is intended to alert decision-makers in government, industry, the media, and elsewhere to problems before they become crises, challenge conventional wisdom in light of new realities, and promote the integration of diverse perspectives into decision options that effectively balance competing interests. CBACI stresses, therefore, analyses and activities whose hallmarks are their anticipatory nature, action orientation, integrative approach, policy focus, and political realism.

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Longstreet, Elan Renee-Guerin. "Who’s My Real Daddy?" Texas A&M Law Review 1, no. 1 (October 2013): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/lr.v1.i1.6.

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False paternity occurs when a man is incorrectly presumed, acknowledged, or adjudicated to be the father of a child even though, contrary to his own belief, he has no biological relationship to the child. In Texas, over 85% of cases of false paternity result when paternity is initially established by a legal presumption or voluntary acknowledgement. However, instead of amending the laws on how paternity is initially established, Texas attempts to remedy false paternity merely by determining the situations in which paternity may be disestablished. The effects of disestablishing paternity vary wildly and can be devastating to the child, the alleged father, and the biological father. In Part II, this Comment will examine the prevalence of false paternity in Texas, the causes of false paternity, and the consequences of false paternity. In Part III, this Comment will propose proactive solutions that aim to deter incidents of false paternity while balancing the interests of the child against the interests of alleged fathers, biological fathers, and the state. Finally, in Part IV, this Comment proposes a solution that aims to remedy specific incidents of false paternity without destroying nurtured father-child relationships.

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Moss, Henry. "Genes, Affect, and Reason." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 20, no. 1 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne20162443.

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Many believe that, in addition to cognitive capacities, autonomous robots need something similar to affect. As in humans, affect, including specific emotions, would filter robot experience based on a set of goals, values, and interests. This narrows behavioral options and avoids combinatorial explosion or regress problems that challenge purely cognitive assessments in a continuously changing experiential field. Adding human-like affect to robots is not straightforward, however. Affect in organisms is an aspect of evolved biological systems, from the taxes of single-cell organisms to the instincts, drives, feelings, moods, and emotions that focus human behavior through the mediation of hormones, pheromones, neurotransmitters, the autonomic nervous system, and key brain structures. We argue that human intelligence is intimately linked to biological affective systems and to the unique repertoire of potential behaviors, sometimes conflicting, they facilitate. Artificial affect is affect in name only and without genes and biological bodies, autonomous robots will lack the goals, interests, and value systems associated with human intelligence. We will take advantage of their general intelligence and expertise, but robots will not enter our intellectual world or apply for legal status in the community.

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Yendrita, Yendrita, Elijonnahdi Elijonnahdi, and Rian Utary Anggraini. "Motivasi Pemilihan Lintas Minat Biologi pada Siswa Jurusan Ilmu Sosial." BIOEDUSAINS: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v2i2.901.

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This study aims to determine the level of motivation of students majoring in Social Sciences (IS) in SMA N I Suliki District in choosing Biology cross-interests. Method, this research is quantitative with quantitative descriptive approach. Samples were taken by total sampling technique. The subjects in this study were all grade X students majoring in IS N NI High School in Suliki District who chose cross biology interest totaling 126 people, the data analysis technique was a percentage technique. The results of data analysis showed IS majoring students at SMAN 1 Kec. Suliki chose biology interest based on intrinsic motivation of 70.48% (good) and based on extrinsic motivation of 62.75% (good). Conclusion, the motivation of students majoring in Social Sciences (IS) in choosing cross-interests of biology both intrinsically and extrinsically is good. Keywords: social sciences, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic, cross biological Interests

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Malbon, Justin. "The Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement: Trade Trumps Indigenous Interests." Media International Australia 111, no. 1 (May 2004): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0411100106.

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This article argues that the Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA) selectively recognises and affirms international conventions and agreements that promote the narrow economic self-interests of powerful groups. It does this whilst disregarding those international instruments — including the Convention on Biological Diversity and the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity — that seek to recognise and promote the cultural and intellectual property rights of Indigenous people. Although AUSFTA does make some concessions for Indigenous interests by providing negative exemptions from the chapters dealing with trade in services, government procurement and investment, these concessions are relatively weak in the face of the Agreement's pursuit of free trade. Using the model of Chapter 19, which imposes positive obligations on the United States and Australia to promote environmental interests, it is proposed that future Australian FTAs should enunciate positive obligations for Australia's Indigenous people.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Biological Interests'

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