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Journal articles on the topic 'Biological fertilization'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Granhall, Ulf. "Biological fertilization." Biomass and Bioenergy 6, no. 1-2 (January 1994): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(94)90087-6.

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2

Sahar Alhamadani, Najm Abdallah, and A. A. K. Al Ma'amery. "Impact of organic, biological and mineral fertilizations on the mineral content of potato sprouts and tubers planted in gypsum soils." Bionatura 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.04.35.

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The study was carried out during the 2021 spring planting season at the Fallujah palm station belonging to the Department of Horticulture, the Ministry of Agriculture, in gypsum soil to study the Impact of organic Fertilization and inoculation with P.sudomonas bacteria, Trichoderma harzanium and Mineral fertilization on the growth and yield of potatoes of Burren variety, Experiment included three factors. The addition of fertilization recommendation by 100% ( M100) led to a significant increase in the content of major nutrients (N, P, K) in the vegetative part, which amounted to 1.35, 0.25 and 1.42 percent, respectively, and in the tubers which amounted to 1.22, 0.21 and 1.28%, respectively. And the starch in the tubers reached 12.89 g. plant-1, while adding half of the Fertilization recommendation (M50) gave the lowest rates for the traits mentioned earlier. The double and triple interactions gave significant results in growth characteristics, yield and mineral content. Keywords: Potatoes, Organic fertilization, Bio-fertilizations, Mineral fertilization, yield.
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3

van Kooij, R. J., M. Balerna, and A. Campana. "Biological aspects of in vitro fertilization." Experientia 41, no. 12 (December 1985): 1496–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01964782.

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4

LOPES, PAULO AUGUSTO PEREIRA, RODINEI FACCO PEGORARO, MARCOS KOITI KONDO, SILVÂNIO RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS, and LUIZ ARNALDO FERNANDES. "GRAIN YIELD AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF COWPEA PLANTS GROWN UNDER RESIDUAL EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE FERTILIZATION1." Revista Caatinga 33, no. 1 (March 2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n103rc.

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ABSTRACT Cowpea plants produce protein-rich grains and present high yield potential when grown under irrigation and organic fertilization, enabling to substitute part of the mineral fertilizer with sewage sludge, reducing costs and generating environmental benefits. Thus, a field study about residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on cowpea was developed to evaluate this substitution. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2×5 factorial arrangement consisted of two fertilization types (residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization, and mineral fertilizers) and five cowpea cultivars (BRS-Pajeu, BRS-Xiquexique, BRS-Marataoa, BRS-Pujante, and BRS-Cauame). The residual fertilizations were from applications of sewage sludge and NPK mineral fertilizers for pineapple crops grown in the area before the cowpea crop. The experiment was conducted using 80,000 plants ha-1 and micro-sprinkler irrigation. Vegetative and yield components, grain yield, and microbiological quality were analyzed. BRS-Pujante had the highest cowpea grain yield (4,124 kg ha-1) and the highest means for vegetative and yield components. The soil with residual sewage sludge fertilization improved the cowpea root growth and grain yield (3,854 kg ha-1); the latter was 19% higher than that of treatments with mineral fertilization. These results were related to the great soil organic matter content provided by the sludge fertilization, which promotes nutrient mineralization, increasing grain yield. Fresh and dry grains of cowpea plants grown under residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization have similar microbiological quality to those of plants grown under mineral fertilization.
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Lédo, Alex A., Sergio L. R. Donato, Ignácio Aspiazu, João A. da Silva, Paulo E. R. Donato, and Abner J. de Carvalho. "Nutrient concentration and nutritional efficiency in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear submitted to different spacings and fertilizations." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24, no. 3 (March 2020): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n3p154-161.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient concentration and nutritional efficiency in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear under different chemical, organic and organomineral fertilizations, planting configurations and spacings, during three production cycles. Seventy two treatments, involving two types of configuration in the plots, three spacings in the subplots and 12 types of fertilization in the sub-subplots were arranged in a split-split-plot scheme, in a randomized block design, with three repetitions. At the time of harvest of each production cycle, 40 cladode tissue samples were collected per treatment to determine dry matter mass and nutrient concentration, which were used to calculate the coefficients of biological utilization of nutrients. Organic fertilization reduces Mn concentrations in cladodes to levels below the sufficiency range. The nutritional efficiency of N, S, P, Mn and Zn is higher with organic and organomineral fertilizations and are associated with higher dry matter yields, whereas K nutritional efficiency is higher with mineral fertilization. The absence of fertilization or application of 30 Mg ha-1 year-1 of bovine manure is insufficient to ensure nutritional status and dry matter yield above 15 Mg ha-1 in ‘Gigante’ cactus pear.
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6

Volkohon, V. V., S. B. Dimova, K. I. Volkohon, L. M. Tokmakova, M. A. Zhurba, Y. M. Halep, N. P. Shtanko, and N. V. Lutsenko. "BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CROPS FERTILIZING SYSTEMS." Agriciltural microbiology 22 (December 29, 2015): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.22.13-29.

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The process of nitrogen fixation and N2O emission in the system “soil – plant” was studied in the conditions of field stationary experiment on leached black soil when growing crops in short rotation crop succession (potato – barley – peas – winter wheat) in case of different fertilization systems and application of microbial agents. Using directivity indexes of processes of nitrogen biological transformation in agrocoenosis and economic calculations an environmental and economic rationale for fertilization was composed.
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7

Song, Shi Wei, Hai Da Li, Ri Yuan Chen, Guang Wen Sun, and Hou Cheng Liu. "Effect of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Plant Growth and Yield of Chinese Kale." Applied Mechanics and Materials 142 (November 2011): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.142.175.

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A substrate culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of different biological organic fertilizer levels (control: zero fertilization, low level, medium level and high level) on plant growth and yield of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey). Results showed that compared with control, treatments of medium and high fertilization increased the leaf number, plant height, stem diameter, yield and plant dry matter of Chinese kale. Thus they promoted plant growth. The fertilizer utilization ratio of Chinese kale was the lowest for low fertilization treatment, and it was the highest for medium fertilization treatment, while it was decreased for high fertilization treatment. The treatment of medium level fertilization (30g/plant) promoted plant growth and increased the yield of Chinese kale; also it had the highest fertilizer use efficiency. So it was the appropriate organic fertilization amount for Chinese kale production.
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8

Cojocaru, Alexandru, Laurian Vlase, Neculai Munteanu, Teodor Stan, Gabriel Ciprian Teliban, Marian Burducea, and Vasile Stoleru. "Dynamic of Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Yield of Rhubarb under Chemical, Organic and Biological Fertilization." Plants 9, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030355.

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In recent years, rhubarb is being increasingly cultivated, as it provides early yields when the vegetables supply to market is deficient and shows high levels of both polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity in edible parts. In 2017, we investigated crops of the rhubarb cultivar Victoria to the fifth year of production. Comparisons were performed between three root phase fertilizations—chemical (NPK 16-16-16®), organic (Orgevit®), and biological (Micoseeds MB®)—plus an unfertilized control. The determinations of polyphenols, the antioxidant capacity, and the yield indicators from the stalks (petioles) of rhubarb were made at each out of the 10 harvests carried out. The highest yield (59.16 t·ha−1) was recorded under the chemical fertilization. The total polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity varied widely from 533.86 mg GAE·g−1 d.w. and 136.86 mmol Trolox·g−1 d.w., respectively in the unfertilized control at the last harvest, up to 3966.56 mg GAE·g−1 d.w. and 1953.97 mmol Trolox·g−1 d.w. respectively under the organic fertilization at the four harvest. From the results of our investigation, it can be inferred that the chemical fertilization was the most effective in terms of yield, whereas the sustainable nutritional management based on organic fertilizer supply led to higher antioxidant compounds and activity.
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9

Stearns-Smith, Stephen C., Eric J. Jokela, and Robert C. Abt. "Thinning and Fertilizing Southern Pine Stands of the Lower Coastal Plain: Biological and Economic Effects." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 16, no. 4 (November 1, 1992): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/16.4.186.

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Abstract The interaction between thinning and fertilization (nitrogen and phosphorus) was investigated in seven slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) plantations and one natural loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand in the lower Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. Thestands ranged in age from 14-20 years when the 2² factorial (thinning X fertilization) experiments were installed. Significant thinning X fertilization interactions occurred on five tests, but the nature of the interactions was inconsistent. Fertilization responses remained significant8 years after treatment and averaged 35 ft³/ac/yr. Fertilization increased stand volume production in the chip-n-saw product class more frequently than thinning. After 8 years, thinning increased individual tree volume growth by 0.50-3.05 ft³/tree over the controls; however, thinninggenerally decreased both total stand and chip-n-saw volumes at final harvest. Economic effects were examined by determining soil expectation values (SEV) for each thinning and fertilization treatment combination for various rotation lengths using uniform economic assumptions. The treatmentcombination that maximized stand volume production was not always the best financial choice. The increased growth rates due to thinning, fertilization, or both tended to extend the optimal rotation. A 4% real cost of capital with harvest merchandizing of pulpwood and chip-n-saw product classeseconomically favored fertilization over the other treatments. However, increasing the cost of capital (6% real) or merchandizing solely for pulpwood put fertilization at a relative disadvantage. South. J. Appl. For. 16(4):186-193
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10

Gianaroli, L., MC Magli, AP Ferraretti, D. Fortini, E. Feliciani, and A. Fiorentino. "Biological factors affecting subzonal sperm microinjection results." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 6, no. 1 (1994): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9940063.

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One hundred and sixteen couples with severe male factor infertility underwent 139 subzonal sperm microinjection cycles. In total, 1343 oocytes were microinjected, resulting in a fertilization rate of 24%, followed by a cleavage rate of 65%. In 26% of the zygotes, fertilization was delayed and embryos derived from these zygotes demonstrated a poor capacity for further growth and implantation. In 102 of 139 cycles (73%) embryo transfer was performed, resulting in 9 pregnancies. This study followed the fate of injected oocytes and early embryo development to investigate biological factors that influence the results of subzonal injection.
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11

Peterson, Bruce J., Linda Deegan, John Helfrich, John E. Hobbie, Meredith Hullar, Bernie Moller, Tim E. Ford, et al. "Biological Responses of a Tundra River to Fertilization." Ecology 74, no. 3 (April 1993): 653–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940794.

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12

Ivanina, V. V., and M. S. Daniuk. "Photosynthetic and biological productivity of sugar beets depending on the fertilization system." Agriculture and plant sciences: theory and practice, no. 3 (September 22, 2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54651/agri.2022.03.02.

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Aim. To study the impact of an alternative organic-mineral fertilization on the photosynthetic and biological productivity of sugar beet under modernizing it with the latest agrochemical means. Меthods. Short-term field and analytical. Results. The results of research on the impact of an alternative organic-mineral fertilization with different saturation with the latest agrochemicals on the photosynthetic and biological productivity of sugar beets are presented. It was established that the development of the leaf surface, the content of chlorophyll in the leaves, the photosynthetic and biological productivity of sugar beet increased significantly when foliar fertilizing with agrochemicals was carried out against the background of the organic-mineral fertilization. Conclusions. Application of N30 + «Folcrop Combi» + «Folcrop Amin» for foliar fertilization against the background of 5 t/ha of straw + P90K90 under plowing + N90 under pre-sowing cultivation formed the maximum development of the leaf surface: in July – 1920 cm2/plant, in August – 2566, in September – 1790 cm2/plant. The specified fertilization ensured the maximum content of chlorophyll in leaves in July – 2.01%, August – 1.94%, September – 1.80%. The net productivity of photosynthesis in sugar beet plants in August with the application of straw and mineral fertilizers increased compared to the control without fertilizers – in 1.60 times, with additional foliar fertilization – in 1.77-1.93 times. The most intensive processes of photosynthesis occurred with the combined application of 5 t/ha of straw + P90K90 under plowing + N90 under pre-sowing cultivation + «Folcrop Combi» + «Folcrop Amin» − the net productivity of photosynthesis was 11.08 g/m2 per day. The use of a modernized organic-mineral fertilization (5 t/ha of straw + P90K90 under plowing + N90 undern pre-sowing cultivation + N30 + «Folcrop Combi» + «Folcrop Amin») ensured the highest biological productivity of sugar beet: yield of roots – 60.3 t/ha, sugar harvest – 10.37 with exceeding the control without fertilizers – by 19.1 and 3.20 t/ha.
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13

Oliveira, Kethelin Cristine Laurindo de, Dejânia vieira de Araújo, Angélica Carmos de Meneses, Jéssica Moreira e. Silva, and Rodolfo Luis Cardoso Tavares. "BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF Pratylenchus brachyurus IN SOYBEAN CROPS." Revista Caatinga 32, no. 1 (March 2019): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n105rc.

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ABSTRACT The efficiency of biological products combined with biological fertilization for controlling Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean crops, and effects of these treatments on soybean crops were evaluate. A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Mato Grosso State University, in Brazil, using a randomized block design with a 10×2 factorial arrangement, and four replications. The treatments consisted of Trichoderma asperellum, B. subtilis, Purpureocillium lilacinum, B. subtilis + T. asperellum, B. subtilis + P. lilacinum, T. asperellum + P. lilacinum, B. subtilis + T. asperellum + P. lilacinum and abamectin, and Controls with, and without nematodes. Nematode population, plant height, stem base diameter, and soil microbiological characteristics (at 60 and 120 days after sowing - DAS), shoot dry weight (60 DAS), and number of pods per plant, and grain yield (120 DAS) were evaluated. The treatments were efficient for the control of phytonematodes at 60 DAS; the efficiency of treatments with biological products increased when combined with biological fertilization. The biological products were more efficient for controlling the nematodes than abamectin at 120 DAS; and the percentage of control were higher when they were combined with biological fertilization, in both growing periods. The biological treatments resulted in better agronomic characteristics, and higher number of pods per plant, and grain yield, affecting the plants in the first growing period, and significant interaction with the biological fertilizer for these variables in the second growing period. The interaction between treatments and biological fertilization was significant for soil microbiological characteristics in the second growing period.
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14

Bulyhin, S., and O. Tonkha. "Biological evaluation of the rationality of soil usage in agriculture." Agricultural Science and Practice 5, no. 1 (April 15, 2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp5.01.023.

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Aim. To perform biological evaluation of 60-year-long application of different variants of fertilization in terms of the number of microorganisms, transforming the compounds of nitrogen and carbon. Methods. Microbiological methods – determining the number of microorganisms, transforming the organic compounds and nitrogen, statistical processing. Results. It was determined that the application of a crop rotation with legumes and the variant with complete mineral fertilization on meadow-chernozem carbonate soils formed a balanced composition of microbial cenosis and the most optimal conditions for humus accumulation and nitrogen transformation. Conclusions. The microbiological monitoring demonstrated that it is possible to achieve non-degradation development of meadow-chernozem soil at the quasi-stable level in case of applying the 10-fi eld crop rotation with legumes (clover) and complete mineral fertilization.
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15

SEGATELLI, CLÁUDIO ROBERTO, GIL MIGUEL DE SOUSA CÂMARA, LÍLIA SICHMANN HEIFFIG-DEL AGUILA, JUAN SAAVEDRA DEL AGUILA, EROS ARTUR BOHAC FRANCISCO, and SÔNIA MARIA DE STEFANO PIEDADE. "SOYBEAN YIELD UNDER NO-TILLAGE SYSTEM WITH AN EARLY Eleusine coracana FERTILIZATION." Revista Caatinga 35, no. 2 (June 2022): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n207rc.

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ABSTRACT The possibility of early soybean fertilization carried out on the predecessor crop has several benefits, mainly operational ones, making the production system more conservationist and balanced. An experiment was carried out at the Anhumas Experimental Station, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ), located in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, during 2001/2002, 2002/2003, and 2003/2004 agricultural years on a typic Hapludox aiming to evaluate the effects of the early fertilization on soybean yield. The fertilization consisted of applying 90 kg ha−1 of P2O5, 50 kg ha−1 of K2O, and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and 12 treatments consisting of different levels of early soybean fertilization carried out on the finger millet crop: T1, no fertilization; T2, conventional soybean fertilization; T3, early 50% K fertilization; T4, early 100% K fertilization; T5, early 50% P fertilization; T6, early 50% P and K fertilization; T7, early 50% P and 100% K fertilization; T8, early 100% P fertilization; T9, early 100% P and 50% K fertilization; T10, early 100% P and K fertilization; T11, early 100% P and K fertilization + micronutrients; and T12, early leaf fertilization with micronutrients. The results showed that the early soybean sowing fertilization with phosphorus and potassium carried out during finger millet sowing does not interfere with the thousand-seed weight and soybean yield.
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EL–Mancy, Mohamed, and Mohamed Kotb. "BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZATION EFFECTS ON WHEAT CROP." Journal of Productivity and Development 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2006.45179.

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17

Ekanayake, Lukshman J., Dil Thavarajah, Rebecca McGee, and Pushparajah Thavarajah. "Will selenium fertilization improve biological nitrogen fixation in lentils?" Journal of Plant Nutrition 40, no. 17 (July 19, 2017): 2392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2017.1346670.

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18

Mijangos, Iker, Roberto Pérez, Isabel Albizu, and Carlos Garbisu. "Effects of fertilization and tillage on soil biological parameters." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 40, no. 1 (December 2006): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.10.043.

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19

Carleial, Rômulo, Grant C. McDonald, Lewis G. Spurgin, Eleanor A. Fairfield, Yunke Wang, David S. Richardson, and Tommaso Pizzari. "Temporal dynamics of competitive fertilization in social groups of red junglefowl ( Gallus gallus ) shed new light on avian sperm competition." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1813 (October 19, 2020): 20200081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0081.

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Studies of birds have made a fundamental contribution to elucidating sperm competition processes, experimentally demonstrating the role of individual mechanisms in competitive fertilization. However, the relative importance of these mechanisms and the way in which they interact under natural conditions remain largely unexplored. Here, we conduct a detailed behavioural study of freely mating replicate groups of red junglefowl, Gallus gallus , to predict the probability that competing males fertilize individual eggs over the course of 10-day trials. Remating frequently with a female and mating last increased a male's probability of fertilization, but only for eggs ovulated in the last days of a trial. Conversely, older males, and those mating with more polyandrous females, had consistently lower fertilization success. Similarly, resistance to a male's mating attempts, particularly by younger females, reduced fertilization probability. After considering these factors, male social status, partner relatedness and the estimated state of male extragonadal sperm reserves did not predict sperm competition outcomes. These results shed new light on sperm competition dynamics in taxa such as birds, with prolonged female sperm storage and staggered fertilizations. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fifty years of sperm competition’.
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20

Pan, Adam, Babak Pourziaei, and Huaxiong Huang. "Effect of Ocean Iron Fertilization on the Phytoplankton Biological Carbon Pump." Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 3, no. 1 (February 2011): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/aamm.10-m1023.

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AbstractIt has been proposed that photosynthetic plankton can be used as a biological carbon pump tp absorb and sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean. In this paper, plankton population dynamics are simulated in a single stratified water column to predict carbon dioxide sequestering due to surface iron fertilization in deep ocean. Using a predator-prey model and realistic parameter values, iron fertilization was found to only cause temporary blooms up to 5 months in duration, and relatively small increases in adsorption of atmospheric CO2.
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21

Rusu, Oana-Raluca, Ionel Mangalagiu, Dorina Amăriucăi-Mantu, Gabriel-Ciprian Teliban, Alexandru Cojocaru, Marian Burducea, Gabriela Mihalache, et al. "Interaction Effects of Cultivars and Nutrition on Quality and Yield of Tomato." Horticulturae 9, no. 5 (April 28, 2023): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9050541.

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Tomato is considered the most important vegetable crop worldwide. Improving the nutritional value of fruits must be based on sustainable production in terms of varieties and fertilization management. This study aimed to improve the nutritional value (total soluble solids, acidity, lycopene, β-carotene, polyphenols, macro and microelements) of two tomato varieties (‘Cristal’ and ‘Siriana’) under three fertilization types (NPK chemical fertilizer, chicken manure and biological fertilizer with microorganisms) for the greenhouse. Primary metabolism compounds do not vary significantly according to the type of fertilizer used. The results for the antioxidant compounds showed a better effect of biological fertilization compared to chemical fertilizer and control unfertilized. Thus, the antioxidant activity was improved by 28% compared to chemical fertilization, the lycopene content by 36% and β-carotene by 96%, respectively. The tomato fruits from the local cultivar (‘Siriana’) are richer in nutritional compounds such as rutin, regardless of the type of fertilization, which denotes a good ability to adapt to crop conditions. Tomato cultivars reacted positively to microbiological fertilization compared to chemical, thus producing nutritious fruits under sustainable management. Tomato fruits were richer in the quality of microelement contents.
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22

Kuzmenko, O., and N. Vovk. "Biological peculiarities of artificial reproduction of sturgeons (Acipenseriformes) (a rеview)." Ribogospodarsʹka nauka Ukraïni., no. 3(65) (September 29, 2023): 57–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fsu2023.03.057.

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Purpose. To analyze the scientific data of domestic and foreign authors regarding the peculiarities of artificial reproduction of sturgeonss (Acipenseriformes). To investigate the state of study of the phenomenon of polyspermic fertilization in sturgeons and the factors that induce it in the conditions of artificial reproduction and cultivation. Findings. A review analysis of the results of scientific studies by domestic and foreign authors was carried out on the pecularities of artificial reproduction of sturgeons and the phenomenon of polysperm fertilization of their eggs in controlled conditions of aquaculture. It is shown that information on the problems of sturgeon polyspermy and its induction by various factors was practically absent in the available professional literature in recent years. Since during the artificial reproduction of sturgeons, a significant number of embryos have atypical development, which leads to their death even before hatching, it has been suggested that atypical forms of cell division were caused by polyspermy. The conducted studies added to the knowledge about the peculiarities of the structure of the sturgeon egg envelope and the processes that occur during fertilization. Despite the fact that there is a natural mechanism to prevent the possibility of polyspermic fertilization, this phenomenon occurs quite often, causing an impairment of zygote fragmentation at the initial stages of embryogenesis, and therefore a decrease in the yield of larvae. Understaning of the mechanism of blocking polyspermy in sturgeons and the factors that induce it requires further studies. The list of scientific articles includes 61 sources, 58 in English. The published publications mainly cover the period of the last twenty years. Practical value. A review of data from scientific and professional sources on the specified topic will allow a comprehensive approach to the understanding of the peculiarities of artificial reproduction of sturgeons, the phenomenon of polyspermy and increasing the yield of larvae in sturgeon farming. Review material on this topic can be interesting and useful for scientists, practitioners, students whose interests are related to aquaculture and used in the educational process of training specialists in specialty 207 “Aquatic bioresources and aquaculture”. Keywords: aquaculture, sturgeons (Acipen­seriformes), eggs, egg envelope, micropyle, fertilization, cortical reaction, polyspermy, embryos.
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Shur, Barry D., Carey Rodeheffer, and Michael A. Ensslin. "Mammalian fertilization." Current Biology 14, no. 17 (September 2004): R691—R692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.037.

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24

Vacquier, Victor D. "Fertilization. Frank J. Longo." Quarterly Review of Biology 63, no. 4 (December 1988): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/416057.

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25

Volkohon, V. V., M. A. Zhurba, S. B. Dimova, L. M. Tokmakova, K. I. Volkohon, and O. I. Protsenko. "ORIENTATION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE ROOT ZONE OF POTATO PLANTS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION." Agriciltural microbiology 19 (June 26, 2014): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.19.3-10.

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The paper covers the results of the orientation of different biological processes (nitrogen fixation, N2O and CO2 emissions) in the root zone of potato plants under the different fertilization systems in a field experiment in stationary experiment on leached black soils. The application of 40 t/ha of cattle manure was shown to be more environmentally beneficial (although with some caution, due to the high level of N2O emissions). The N40P40K40 dose of fertilizers was shown to be optimal, while the balance between environmental requirements and crop productivity shows the practicability of application of N80P80K80. High doses of fertilizers (N120P120K120) and organic mineral fertilization (40 t/ha manure + N80P80K80) had resulted in high levels of N2O and CO2 emissions and reduced nitrogen fixation activity. Application of biological preparation Biogran was shown to be efficient in the potato growing technology due to its proved ability to optimize the ecological condition of soils in agrocoenoses, increase productivity and improve the quality of potatoes.
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Chen, Qiuyu, Ying Xin, and Zhanjun Liu. "Long-Term Fertilization with Potassium Modifies Soil Biological Quality in K-Rich Soils." Agronomy 10, no. 6 (May 28, 2020): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060771.

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Imbalanced fertilization without potassium (K) is a worldwide phenomenon in K-rich soils, but its long-term effects on soil quality are poorly understood. Here, in a wheat–fallow system with K-rich soil, soil nutrients and enzyme activities involved in C, N, P, and S cycling and microbial community composition were studied in a 27-year field study with three treatments: no fertilizer (CK); mineral N and P fertilizer (NP); and mineral N, P, and K fertilizer (NPK). Results revealed that long-term NP and NPK fertilization significantly increased soil quality index (SQI) scores and wheat grain yield by mediating soil fertility, which was characterized by a significant decline in soil pH and increase in soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, available N (AN), available P (AP), enzymatic activities, and the abundance of total bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, when compared to CK. NP exhibited significantly higher SOC, AN, AP, microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, total bacteria, and fungi values compared to NPK; the opposite was true for soil pH and available K. Notably, the differences in wheat grain yield were not statistically significant, while SQI scores in NP (0.86 ± 0.02) were appreciably higher than NPK (0.79 ± 0.03), which was attributed to the differences in MBC, MBN, and microbial communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that SOC was the key variable affecting enzymatic activities and microbial community composition. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) revealed that fertilization-induced changes in SQI were primarily associated with soil microbiological properties (e.g., microbial community composition), while fertilization-driven increases in wheat grain yield were regulated by the soil nutrients. These results suggest that long-term NPK fertilization decreases soil biological quality in K-rich soils, and further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which K affects soil quality in agricultural systems.
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Benko, Filip, Michal Ďuračka, Štefan Baňas, Norbert Lukáč, and Eva Tvrdá. "Biological Relevance of Free Radicals in the Process of Physiological Capacitation and Cryocapacitation." Oxygen 2, no. 2 (May 27, 2022): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020014.

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Before fertilization, spermatozoa must undergo a process called capacitation in order to fulfill their fertilization potential. This includes a series of structural, biochemical, and functional changes before a subsequent acrosome reaction and fusion with the oocyte. However, low temperatures during cryopreservation may induce a premature activation of capacitation-like changes, also known as cryocapacitation, immediately after thawing, which may lead to a decreased viability, motility, and fertilization ability of cryopreserved spermatozoa. Furthermore, cryopreservation is responsible for the overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, which may result in the development of oxidative stress, cell membrane damage, and lipid peroxidation. Despite that, both capacitation and cryocapacitation are considered to be oxidative events; however, potential beneficial or detrimental effects of ROS depend on a wide array of circumstances. This review summarizes the available information on the role of free radicals in the process of capacitation and cryocapacitation of spermatozoa.
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Kumar Nagar, Raj, and Dinesh Kumar Jain. "Studies on weed cover and diversity in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as influenced by weed management and balanced fertilization techniques." Current Agriculture Research Journal 5, no. 3 (December 23, 2017): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.5.3.19.

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A field experiment was conducted to analyze the types of flora, intensity, cover and effects on yields of coriander. Pooled analysis of data indicated that Goose foot (Chenopodium murale L.), Corn spurry (Spergula arvensis L.) among dicots and Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) among monocots were found most dominant weeds at all stages of crop growth. Of the total eight weed species reported dicot weeds were found most dominating weed species and comprises 78-80 percent of total weed density throughout crop cycle. All weed management practices significantly reduced the density of monocot and dicot weeds and improved the yield (seed and biological yield) of crop as compared to control. Two hand weeding at 30 and 45 DAS resulted in maximum reduction in total weed density and gave the highest seed (15.84 q/ha) and biological yield (41.11 q/ha) of coriander. However, seed and biological yields was obtained at par by pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + one hand weeding at 45 DAS. This treatment also resulted in favorably lowest weed competition index as compared to rest of other practices. Balanced fertilization with N+P+K+S also improved monocot and dicot weed density but the effect was not significant over N+P and N+P+K fertilization. N+P+K+S fertilization significantly enhanced crop seed and biological yields over N+P (1.86 q/ha and 4.36 q/ha, respectively) and N+P+K application (0.94 q/ha and 2.20 q/ha, respectively). Weed management and balanced fertilization practices also found to have significant interaction effect on seed and biological yield of coriander.
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Gromakov, Anton Aleksandrovich, Vladimir Valerievich Turchin, and Boris Andreevich Kopylov. "DIFFERENTIATION OF SUNFLOWER MINERAL nutrition CONTROL BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF BIOPREPARATIONS OF ASSOCIATIVE NITROFIXATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ROSTOV REGION." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i1pp8-12.

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The article presents the results of three-year studies of the effect of biological products produced by the All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (St. Petersburg) and mineral fertilizers, when applied jointly and separately, on the yield of sunflower on ordinary chernozem in the north-western zone of the Rostov region. The research carried out made it possible to give recommendations on the differentiation of sunflower nutrition control when producing products with different characteristics. For the production of oilseeds of ordinary quality, the greatest effect was after N60P40-fertilization during cultivation in spring. The increase in yield to the control was 0.31 t / ha, or 22.6%. To reduce the intensity of spring field work, autumn N60P40K40- or N60P80-fertilization during plowing will be equivalent. If it is necessary to reduce the anthropogenic load on the agrocenosis and produce agricultural products of improved quality, N30P40-fertilization in spring in combination with the application of the biological product Mizorin 7 into the rhizosphere of plants should be preferred. The increase in yield to control was not inferior to the traditional fertilization system. In order to obtain organic products without mineral fertilization, it is advisable to adjust the nutrition of sunflower only by application of biological preparations with strains of associative nitrogen fixers into the rhizosphere - Mizorin 7, Mizorin 204 and 2P-7. This agricultural practice increased the yield of sunflower sowing by 11.7-14.6%.
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Gilbert, Scott F., and Sabine Brauckmann. "Fertilization Narratives in the Art of Gustav Klimt, Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo: Repression, Domination and Eros among Cells." Leonardo 44, no. 3 (June 2011): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00166.

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Fertilization narratives are powerful biological stories that can be used for social ends, and 20th-century artists have used fertilization-based imagery to convey political and social ideas. In Danae, Gustav Klimt used an esoteric stage of early human embryos to indicate successful fertilization and the inability of government repression to stifle creativity. In Man, Controller of the Universe, Diego Rivera painted a mural of a man controlling an ovulating ovary, depicting Trotsky's view that society will rationally regulate human fertilization. His former wife, Frida Kahlo, refuted this view in Moses: Nucleus of Creation, wherein she painted images of fertilization and embryo formation as the ultimate acts of erotic consummation and generation.
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CHAROUSOV�, Ivana, Juraj MEDO, Eva HALEN�ROV�, Jana MAKOV�, and Sona JAVOREKOV�. "Effect of fertilization on biological activity of community of soil streptomycetes." Journal of Central European Agriculture 17, no. 4 (2016): 1134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/17.4.1822.

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32

Marcellos, H., and T. Perryman. "Pollination and fertilization in crops of Vicia faba." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 4 (1988): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9880579.

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Crops of faba beans (Vicia faba cv. Fiord) were surveyed for the frequencies of pollination of stigmas, and fertilization of ovules, based on the detection of pollen tubes by fluroescence of aniline blue fluorochrome. The frequency of pollination ranged from 89.8 to 99.6% over crops, with an overall mean of 96.8%. Pistil fertilization varied from 88.4 to 99.1% about a mean of 95.5%; overall, 82.2% of all ovules examined were fertilized. There was no significant main effect of flower position in the raceme, although there were significant crop x floral position effects on fertilization. Mean ovule fertilization rate declined from a mean 91.6% for ovule 1 closest to the stigma to 56.7% for the fourth. Pollination was the controlling factor in the steps toward fertilization, there being a 99% likelihood that pistil fertilization would occur following pollination. It was concluded that neither pollination nor fertilization were limiting seed yield in these crops. There was also no evidence that measurable postfertilization abortion of ovules occurred, but that reductions in potential yield occurred owing to pod abortion.
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Holík, Ladislav, Lukáš Hlisnikovský, Roman Honzík, Josef Trögl, Hana Burdová, and Jan Popelka. "Soil Microbial Communities and Enzyme Activities after Long-Term Application of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers at Different Depths of the Soil Profile." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 12, 2019): 3251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123251.

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Fertilization is a key factor for sustaining productivity in agroecosystems. A long-term experiment in cambisol following periodical application of several types of fertilization has been running at the experimental site since 1954. In this study, we determined the impact of applied inorganic and/or organic fertilizers on the activity of soil enzymes and on the structure of microorganisms at depths of 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm. Single-factor comparison showed that use of inorganic and/or organic fertilizer had an insignificant effect on the activities of soil enzymes (at depths 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) and also on the structure of microbial communities at both depths studied. Only soil respirations exhibited stimulation by combined fertilization. The results, irrespective of sampling depth (0–60 cm), showed that application of combined organic and inorganic fertilization stimulated the activity of glucosidases and use of inorganic fertilizer inhibited the activity of arylsulphatases. Respirations were stimulated by application of organic fertilizer and combined fertilization. Nevertheless, principal component analyses, which calculate with multidimensional data, revealed differences in samples treated by sole mineral fertilizer compared to other variants, especially in the lower layer. In general, our results indicate that use of combined fertilization may improve biological characteristics in deeper parts of soil profile and possibly increase biological activity in agroecosystems.
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NEGREA, Adrian, Raluca REZI, Camelia URDA, and Teodor RUSU. "SOYBEAN RESPONSE TO FOLIAR AND SOIL FERTILIZATION." AgroLife Scientific Journal 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17930/agl2023115.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of foliar fertilization as compared to mineral fertilization on yield and yield components of soybean. The experiments were carried out during 2020 and 2021 growing seasons at Research and Development Station for Agriculture Turda (RDSA Turda), Romania, using randomised complete block design with three replications. The two variants of foliar fertilization contain macro and micro elements, being applied in different phases of soybean growth and development. Among the foliar fertilization options, T1stood out as the foliar fertilization option that contributed to some extent to the growth of plant height, the number of pods/plant, the number of grains/plant, the weight of grains/plant and yield. The second variant of foliar fertilization (T2) in most of the analysed cases determined a decrease in the yield elements as well as the yield compared to the control variant.
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35

Harvey, Chris J., Bruce J. Peterson, W. Breck Bowden, Anne E. Hershey, Michael C. Miller, Linda A. Deegan, and Jacques C. Finlay. "Biological Responses to Fertilization of Oksrukuyik Creek, a Tundra Stream." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 17, no. 2 (June 1998): 190–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1467962.

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36

Pepó, Péter. "Efficiency of Fertilization in Sustainable Wheat Production." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 12, 2002): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3538.

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In sustainable (wheat) production plant nutrition supply and fertilization play decisive roles among the agrotechnical elements, because of their direct and indirect effects on other agronomical factors.In long-term experiments, we studied the roles of agroecological, genetic-biological and agrotechnical factors in the nutrient supply, fertilization and its efficiency in wheat production under continental climatic conditions (eastern part of Hungary, Trans-Tisza) on chernozem soil. Our results have proved that there are different (positive and negative) interactions among ecological, biological, and agrotechnical elements of wheat production. These interaction effects could modify the nutrient demand, fertilizer (mainly nitrogen) response of wheat varieties and efficiency of fertilization in wheat production.The optimum N-doses (+PK) of wheat varieties varied from 60 kg ha-1 (+PK) to 120 kg ha-1 (+PK) depending on cropyears, agrotechnical elements and genotypes. The winter wheat varieties could be classified into 4 groups according to their fertilizer demand, natural and fertilizer utilization, fertilizer response and yield capacity.Appropriate fertilization (mainly N) of wheat could affect both the quantity and quality of the yield. By using optimum N (+PK) fertilizer doses, we could manifest genetically- coded baking quality traits of winter wheat varieties and reduce quality fluctuation caused by ecological and other management factors. The efficiency of fertilization on different baking quality parameters (wet-gluten, valorigraph index etc) were variety specific (the changes depended on genotypes).Our long-term experiments proved that appropriate fertilization provides optimum yield, good yield stability and excellent yield quality in sustainable wheat production. We could this get better agronomic and economic fertilization efficiency with less harmful environmental effects.
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37

Pike, Thomas W., Jonathan D. Blount, Jan Lindström, and Neil B. Metcalfe. "Dietary carotenoid availability, sexual signalling and functional fertility in sticklebacks." Biology Letters 6, no. 2 (November 18, 2009): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0815.

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In species where males express carotenoid-based sexual signals, more intensely coloured males may be signalling their enhanced ability to combat oxidative stress. This may include mitigating deleterious oxidative damage to their sperm, and so be directly related to their functional fertility. Using a split-clutch in vitro fertilization technique and dietary carotenoid manipulation, we demonstrate that in non-competitive fertilization assays, male three-spined sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) that are fed higher (but biologically relevant) levels of carotenoids had a significantly increased fertilization success, irrespective of maternal carotenoid intake. Furthermore, within diet groups, a male's fertilization success was positively related to the expression of his carotenoid-based nuptial coloration, with more intensely coloured males having higher functional fertility. These data provide, to our knowledge, the first demonstration that dietary access to carotenoids influences fertilization success, and suggest that females could use a male's nuptial coloration as an indicator of his functional fertility.
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Ijiri, Takashi W., A. K. M. Mahbub Hasan, and Ken-ichi Sato. "Protein-Tyrosine Kinase Signaling in the Biological Functions Associated with Sperm." Journal of Signal Transduction 2012 (November 11, 2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/181560.

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In sexual reproduction, two gamete cells (i.e., egg and sperm) fuse (fertilization) to create a newborn with a genetic identity distinct from those of the parents. In the course of these developmental processes, a variety of signal transduction events occur simultaneously in each of the two gametes, as well as in the fertilized egg/zygote/early embryo. In particular, a growing body of knowledge suggests that the tyrosine kinase Src and/or other protein-tyrosine kinases are important elements that facilitate successful implementation of the aforementioned processes in many animal species. In this paper, we summarize recent findings on the roles of protein-tyrosine phosphorylation in many sperm-related processes (from spermatogenesis to epididymal maturation, capacitation, acrosomal exocytosis, and fertilization).
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39

Alvarez, Faver, Paula Ríos, and Armando Sterling. "Effects of Organic Fertilization on Biomass Production in Urochloa spp. Pastures and Soil Biological and Physical Properties in the Colombian Amazon Region." Sustainability 15, no. 21 (October 24, 2023): 15217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115217.

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The transformation of forests into degraded pastures in the Amazon region has caused alterations in the soil components. Likewise, the use of organic fertilizers as an alternative to enhance soil quality and plant biomass accumulation have been poorly studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of organic fertilization on biomass production using three specific forage grasses (Urochloa decumbens, Urochloa humidicola, and Urochloa brizantha) aged 3 years in a hilly landscape. For each crop, an area of 5005 m² was delimited with a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments and three replications. Biomass production of Urochloa spp. and the physical and biological soil properties were assessed under the influence of different fertilization treatments. The results revealed significant differences (p < 0.0001) in the biomass production of Urochloa spp., with 1920.94 ± 155.44 kg of dry matter per hectare (kg DM ha−1) of forage at the end of the study, compared to 992.19 ± 97.66 kg DM ha−1 of forage at the beginning of the organic fertilizations. Overall, the application of organic fertilizers had a significant and positive effect on Urochloa spp. forage biomass and on the physical and biological properties of soils that had historically been affected by extensive livestock farming in a deforested hill landscape in the Colombian Amazon region.
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40

St. Stephanos, Andrew. "The Human Being as Biological and Transcendent." Ethics & Medics 46, no. 12 (2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/em2021461223.

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The human person is both biological and transcendent, and it is necessary to see this reality to respect and protect all human beings. The inviolable dignity of every human being from fertilization until death is key to building a bridge between disparate philosophies of human nature. In this article, Andrew St. Stephanos proposes a starting point for building an understanding between rival philosophical factions by first understanding the nature of Man.
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41

Zhuravel, S., and V. Polishchuk. "Peculiarities of the influence of fertilizer and foliar feeding systems on the growth and development of potato plants." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(183) (November 23, 2023): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2023-183-2-34-41.

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The research involved the studying the impact of different fertilization systems, which were balanced among themselves in terms of nutrients with foliar application of liquid organic-mineral fertilizers, on the growth processes of potato plants. The research methodology included the study of the following indicators: the number of stems, plants height, leaf surface formation. The research was carried out during 2014–2017 on the basis of the experimental plot of the Polissia National University. The experimental design involved the study of four fertilization options with the application of liquid organic-mineral fertilizers «Mochevyn K №1», «Mochevyn K No 2», «Organic D2M» and «Humate potassium» in the form of foliar application. As a result of the research it was found that plant development improves in variants with fertilizers application the number of stems increased from 61 to 84 stems on average over the years of the study, in particular under the organic fertilization system compared to the biological control. The use of liquid organic-mineral fertilizers (LOMF) contributed to an increase in the number of stems in the ranged from 66 to 89 compared to the biological control. Plant height analysis by development phases: mass budding, mass flowering and the end of flowering showed that fertilizers application had a positive effect on the increase in plant height, in particular under different fertilization systems plants height in the phase of the end of flowering increased from 6.2 to 8 cm. LOMF application contributed to an increase in plant height by 6.9–10.2 cm compared to the biological control. The highest indicators of the potato leaf surface area on average over the years of the study were formed in the phase of full emergence under the organic-mineral fertilization system – 5.01 thousand m2/ha and mineral fertilization systems, where this indicator was 4.98 thousand m2/ha. Foliar application of LOMF had a positive effect on the formation of the leaf surface area under the organic-mineral system of fertilization and the combined application of «Humate potassium» and «Organic D2M» and provided variability within 5.07 thousand m2/ha and 5.04 thousand m2/ha respectively. During the flowering phase the leaf surface area of potato plants under different fertilization systems increased by 7.1–10.3 thousand m2 /ha compared to the absolute control variant. The joint combination of fertilization systems and LOMF during the flowering phase increased the leaf surface area by 9.08–12 thousand m2 /ha. Key words: fertilization system, liquid organic-mineral fertilizers, potatoes, leaf surface area.
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42

Buckland-Nicks, J., and AN Hodgson. "Fertilization in Callochiton castaneus (Mollusca)." Biological Bulletin 199, no. 1 (August 2000): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542707.

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43

Sarmiento, J. L., R. D. Slater, J. Dunne, A. Gnanadesikan, and M. R. Hiscock. "Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 6 (November 11, 2009): 10381–446. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-10381-2009.

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Abstract. While nutrient depletion scenarios have long shown that the high-latitude High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are the most effective for sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide, recent simulations with prognostic biogeochemical models have suggested that only a fraction of the potential drawdown can be realized. We use a global ocean biogeochemical general circulation model developed at GFDL and Princeton to examine this and related issues. We fertilize two patches in the North and Equatorial Pacific, and two additional patches in the Southern Ocean HNLC region north of the biogeochemical divide and in the Ross Sea south of the biogeochemical divide. We obtain by far the greatest response to iron fertilization at the Ross Sea site. Here the CO2 remains sequestered on century time-scales and the efficiency of fertilization remains almost constant no matter how frequently iron is applied as long as it is confined to the growing season. The second most efficient site is in the Southern Ocean. Here the biological response to iron fertilization is comparable to the Ross Sea, but the enhanced biological uptake of CO2 is more spread out in the vertical and thus less effective at leading to removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. The North Pacific site has lower initial nutrients and thus a lower efficiency. Fertilization of the Equatorial Pacific leads to an expansion of the suboxic zone and a striking increase in denitrification that causes a sharp reduction in overall surface biological export production and CO2 uptake. The impacts on the oxygen distribution and surface biological export are less prominent at other sites, but nevertheless still a source of concern. The century time scale retention of iron in these models greatly increases the long-term biological response to iron addition as compared with models in which the added iron is rapidly scavenged from the ocean.
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44

Hryshchenko, R. E., O. G. Lyubchych, and O. V. Glieva. "Formation of grain sorghum grain yield by different systems of shoots depending on crop fertilizer." Agriculture and plant sciences: theory and practice, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54651/agri.2021.02.07.

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The article highlights the main results of research conducted in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on typical soils of the zone – dark gray podzolic coarse-grained light loam to study the productivity of sorghum grain variety Armida. The efficiency of seed treatment with biological preparation, mineral fertilizers, foliar fertilization and nitrogen fertilization during the growing season on crop productivity was established. The combination of these components provides an increase in crop yields. The fertilizer system, which provided for the introduction of N60P60K60, turned out to be optimal for sorghum cultivation. Crop productivity with this technology was 8,49 t/ha, and for sowing seeds treated with biological preparation – increased by 32%.The productivity of the crop increased by 30,6% and with complex application – seed treatment, application of N60P60K60 in the main and application of microfertilizer in foliar fertilization, compared to the option without seed treatment (7,74 t/ha).The percentage of grain of the main shoot, panicle and tillering shoots in the biological yield of the crop is determined. It is determined that the main panicle always has a higher percentage (62,8–70,4) in the formation of crop productivity. The growth of the role of the main shoot in the formation of the overall biological yield depends on the smaller number of side shoots.
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45

Füzy, Anna, István Parádi, Bettina Kelemen, Ramóna Kovács, Imre Cseresnyés, Tibor Szili-Kovács, Tamás Árendás, Nándor Fodor, and Tünde Takács. "Soil biological activity after a sixty-year fertilization practice in a wheat-maize crop rotation." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (September 28, 2023): e0292125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292125.

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This study aimed to survey the long-term effects of fertilization practices on the functional diversity of the soil microbiota. A 60-year fertilization experiment with mineral fertilizers, farmyard manure and combined treatments was sampled in two consecutive years in maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Soil chemical properties, plant growth and physiological parameters were measured. The MicroRespTM method was applied to assess the community level physiological profiles (CLPPs) of the rhizosphere soil, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonization of the roots was determined. Samples were taken in the early vegetative stages, at flowering, and at harvest in both years. The measured parameters were analysed using multifactorial ANOVA to determine treatment effects, crop-dependent differences, and seasonality. PCA analysis was performed on the data matrix to reveal more complex correspondences, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation was used to confirm relationships between some of the measured soil and plant parameters. Fertilization treatments caused long-term changes in some biological parameters such as: MicroRespTM parameters, citrate utilization, total substrate-induced respiration value, and the ratio of utilization of amino acids and sugars. The rate of AMF colonization responded mainly to the plant nutrition status and the plant requirements, suggesting a plant-mediated effect in the case of mycorrhiza. Mineral nitrogen fertilization and soil acidification were found to be the main factors affecting the catabolic activity of soil microbiota, while AMF colonization responded to the balance of plant nutrition.
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46

Potapenko, L. V. "EFFICIENCY OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS IN DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS OF POTATO." Agriciltural microbiology 15 (June 21, 2012): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.15.83-91.

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The influence of potato inoculation with microbial preparations Hetomik and Biogran was studied. It was shown that Hetomic possess stable fungicide action that is more evident in organic-mineral fertilization systems: affection with bare patch, blackleg, ring rot and late blight was decreased on 38–67 %. Application of Biogran promotes optimization of potato mineral nutrition because of biological transformation of microelements compounds, thus enhancing yield increase and improving product quality. Biogran efficiency was more considerable in variants without mineral fertilization and under the use of alternative fertilization systems.
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Potapenko, L. V., L. M. Skachok, and N. I. Horbachenko. "BIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ORGANIC SUBSTANCE IN THE SODPODZOLIC SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS AND MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS." Agriciltural microbiology 26 (October 27, 2017): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.26.30-36.

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The influence of microbial preparations on the processes of biological transformation of organicsubstance in sod-podzolic soils under the long-term effects of various fertilization systems has beeninvestigated. It has been established that organic-mineral fertilization systems in the technologies ofcultivating agricultural crops and the use of microbial preparations are appropriate for replenishing thesoil with the required amount of organic substance.
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48

Števlíková, Tatiana, Soňa Javoreková, and Jana Vjatráková. "Soil Biological Activity within Integrated and Ecological Management of Soil." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 12, 2002): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3536.

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The effects of the integrated (IS) and ecological (ES) management of soil on chosen parameters of soil biological activity were investigated in the period 1999-2000. The following characteristics were determined: biomass of microorganisms (Cmic), dehydrogenase activity (DHA), an amount of potentially mineralizable nitrogen (Nbiol), and nitrification intensity. Soil samples were collected from a stationary field experiment established in 1990 on gley brown soil at the Experimental Station of Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra. For each field with a different crop rotations two fertilization treatments were selected: (a) no fertilization and (b) use of manure for silage maize and, within IS, also mineral fertilizers. There was a statistically significant difference at α = 0.05 in the amount of biologically released nitrogen (Nbiol) between both systems and in the nitrification intensity in favour of ES. A higher amount of microbial biomass (Cmic) was noted for ES but without statistical significance. Cultivated crops and the timing of soil sampling were found to have the greatest effect on all the parameters observed in individual experimental years and within the two systems of soil management.
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Pudjiwati, Eko Hary. "Education of Location Specific Fertilizer Application on Marginal Land." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Borneo 7, no. 2 (September 1, 2023): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/jpmb.v7i2.3209.

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Fertilizer application must be done properly to prevent land degradation. Marginal lands with low physical, chemical and biological fertility require specific fertilization technologies. Tana Tidung Regency (KTT) has land that is mostly classified as marginal. The technology for fertilizing specific nutrients for marginal land locations must be understood by agricultural extension workers so that they can be disseminated to farmers. This community service activity is in collaboration with the Sesayap Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) and aims to increase the knowledge and skills of agricultural extension workers in Tana Tidung Regency regarding nutrientfertilization specific to marginal land locations. There are two activities in this community service, namely 1) Counseling on nutrient fertilization specific to marginalland locations; 2) Conduct site-specific fertilization demonstration plots with integrated fertilization for sweet potato plants. The results of this community service activity can increase the knowledge of agricultural extension workers in Tana Tidung Regency about location-specific nutrient fertilization and can practice it through integrated fertilization applications. Integrated organic-inorganic fertilization is proven to provide higher sweet potato production than inorganic fertilizers. Dissemination of site-specific fertilization with integrated fertilization application to farmers in agricultural extension work areas can improve marginal lands and support the realization of sustainable agricultural systems.
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JEAN, ROGER V. "CROSS-FERTILIZATION BETWEEN MODELS IN PHYLLOTAXIS." Journal of Biological Systems 07, no. 02 (June 1999): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339099000127.

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There are many models in phyllotaxis concerned with optimality principles which are apparently equivalent. The important problem of showing the equivalence of the models has been underlined but not addressed yet. This paper addresses the general problem of determining up to which point we have equivalence. The viewpoint adopted is the one of the outcomes of the models, of what they generate, and of what they don't, at least in their actual states. It will be emphasized too that models in phyllotaxis can be compared at many different levels, and that their biological supports can spring from many of these levels.
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