Journal articles: 'Bioinks or Additive manufacturing'

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Zhang, Chun-Yang, Chao-Ping Fu, Xiong-Ya Li, Xiao-Chang Lu, Long-Ge Hu, Ranjith Kumar Kankala, Shi-Bin Wang, and Ai-Zheng Chen. "Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Based Bioinks for Tissue Engineering." Molecules 27, no. 11 (May 26, 2022): 3442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113442.

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Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for fabricating various biomimetic architectures of tissues and organs. In this context, the bioink, a critical element for biofabrication, is a mixture of biomaterials and living cells used in 3D printing to create cell-laden structures. Recently, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based bioinks derived from natural tissues have garnered enormous attention from researchers due to their unique and complex biochemical properties. This review initially presents the details of the natural ECM and its role in cell growth and metabolism. Further, we briefly emphasize the commonly used decellularization treatment procedures and subsequent evaluations for the quality control of the dECM. In addition, we summarize some of the common bioink preparation strategies, the 3D bioprinting approaches, and the applicability of 3D-printed dECM bioinks to tissue engineering. Finally, we present some of the challenges in this field and the prospects for future development.

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Theus, Andrea S., Liqun Ning, Boeun Hwang, Carmen Gil, Shuai Chen, Allison Wombwell, Riya Mehta, and Vahid Serpooshan. "Bioprintability: Physiomechanical and Biological Requirements of Materials for 3D Bioprinting Processes." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 2262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102262.

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Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an additive manufacturing process that utilizes various biomaterials that either contain or interact with living cells and biological systems with the goal of fabricating functional tissue or organ mimics, which will be referred to as bioinks. These bioinks are typically hydrogel-based hybrid systems with many specific features and requirements. The characterizing and fine tuning of bioink properties before, during, and after printing are therefore essential in developing reproducible and stable bioprinted constructs. To date, myriad computational methods, mechanical testing, and rheological evaluations have been used to predict, measure, and optimize bioinks properties and their printability, but none are properly standardized. There is a lack of robust universal guidelines in the field for the evaluation and quantification of bioprintability. In this review, we introduced the concept of bioprintability and discussed the significant roles of various physiomechanical and biological processes in bioprinting fidelity. Furthermore, different quantitative and qualitative methodologies used to assess bioprintability will be reviewed, with a focus on the processes related to pre, during, and post printing. Establishing fully characterized, functional bioink solutions would be a big step towards the effective clinical applications of bioprinted products.

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Jose, Rod R., Maria J. Rodriguez, Thomas A. Dixon, Fiorenzo Omenetto, and David L. Kaplan. "Evolution of Bioinks and Additive Manufacturing Technologies for 3D Bioprinting." ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 2, no. 10 (April 7, 2016): 1662–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00088.

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Ahangar, Pouyan, Megan E. Cooke, Michael H. Weber, and Derek H. Rosenzweig. "Current Biomedical Applications of 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 1713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081713.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged over the past four decades as a cost-effective, on-demand modality for fabrication of geometrically complex objects. The ability to design and print virtually any object shape using a diverse array of materials, such as metals, polymers, ceramics and bioinks, has allowed for the adoption of this technology for biomedical applications in both research and clinical settings. Current advancements in tissue engineering and regeneration, therapeutic delivery, medical device fabrication and operative management planning ensure that AM will continue to play an increasingly important role in the future of healthcare. In this review, we outline current biomedical applications of common AM techniques and materials.

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Temirel, Mikail, Sajjad Rahmani Dabbagh, and Savas Tasoglu. "Shape Fidelity Evaluation of Alginate-Based Hydrogels through Extrusion-Based Bioprinting." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 4 (November 7, 2022): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040225.

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Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting is a promising technique for fabricating multi-layered, complex biostructures, as it enables multi-material dispersion of bioinks with a straightforward procedure (particularly for users with limited additive manufacturing skills). Nonetheless, this method faces challenges in retaining the shape fidelity of the 3D-bioprinted structure, i.e., the collapse of filament (bioink) due to gravity and/or spreading of the bioink owing to the low viscosity, ultimately complicating the fabrication of multi-layered designs that can maintain the desired pore structure. While low viscosity is required to ensure a continuous flow of material (without clogging), a bioink should be viscous enough to retain its shape post-printing, highlighting the importance of bioink properties optimization. Here, two quantitative analyses are performed to evaluate shape fidelity. First, the filament collapse deformation is evaluated by printing different concentrations of alginate and its crosslinker (calcium chloride) by a co-axial nozzle over a platform to observe the overhanging deformation over time at two different ambient temperatures. In addition, a mathematical model is developed to estimate Young’s modulus and filament collapse over time. Second, the printability of alginate is improved by optimizing gelatin concentrations and analyzing the pore size area. In addition, the biocompatibility of proposed bioinks is evaluated with a cell viability test. The proposed bioink (3% w/v gelatin in 4% alginate) yielded a 98% normalized pore number (high shape fidelity) while maintaining >90% cell viability five days after being bioprinted. Integration of quantitative analysis/simulations and 3D printing facilitate the determination of the optimum composition and concentration of different elements of a bioink to prevent filament collapse or bioink spreading (post-printing), ultimately resulting in high shape fidelity (i.e., retaining the shape) and printing quality.

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Ojeda, Edilberto, África García-Barrientos, Nagore Martínez de Cestafe, José María Alonso, Raúl Pérez-González, and Virginia Sáez-Martínez. "Nanometric Hydroxyapatite Particles as Active Ingredient for Bioinks: A Review." Macromol 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/macromol2010002.

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Additive manufacturing (AM), frequently cited as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is a relatively new manufacturing technique for biofabrication, also called 3D manufacture with biomaterials and cells. Recent advances in this field will facilitate further improvement of personalized healthcare solutions. In this regard, tailoring several healthcare products such as implants, prosthetics, and in vitro models, would have been extraordinarily arduous beyond these technologies. Three-dimensional-printed structures with a multiscale porosity are very interesting manufacturing processes in order to boost the capability of composite scaffolds to generate bone tissue. The use of biomimetic hydroxyapatite as the main active ingredient for bioinks is a helpful approach to obtain these advanced materials. Thus, 3D-printed biomimetic composite designs may produce supplementary biological and physical benefits. Three-dimensional bioprinting may turn to be a bright solution for regeneration of bone tissue as it enables a proper spatio-temporal organization of cells in scaffolds. Different types of bioprinting technologies and essential parameters which rule the applicability of bioinks are discussed in this review. Special focus is made on hydroxyapatite as an active ingredient for bioinks design. The goal of such bioinks is to reduce the constraints of commonly applied treatments by enhancing osteoinduction and osteoconduction, which seems to be exceptionally promising for bone regeneration.

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Szychlinska, Marta Anna, Fabio Bucchieri, Alberto Fucarino, Alfredo Ronca, and Ugo D’Amora. "Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Insights into Naturally-Derived Bioinks from Land and Marine Sources." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 3 (August 12, 2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13030118.

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In regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, the possibility to: (I) customize the shape and size of scaffolds, (II) develop highly mimicked tissues with a precise digital control, (III) manufacture complex structures and (IV) reduce the wastes related to the production process, are the main advantages of additive manufacturing technologies such as three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Specifically, this technique, which uses suitable hydrogel-based bioinks, enriched with cells and/or growth factors, has received significant consideration, especially in cartilage tissue engineering (CTE). In this field of interest, it may allow mimicking the complex native zonal hyaline cartilage organization by further enhancing its biological cues. However, there are still some limitations that need to be overcome before 3D bioprinting may be globally used for scaffolds’ development and their clinical translation. One of them is represented by the poor availability of appropriate, biocompatible and eco-friendly biomaterials, which should present a series of specific requirements to be used and transformed into a proper bioink for CTE. In this scenario, considering that, nowadays, the environmental decline is of the highest concerns worldwide, exploring naturally-derived hydrogels has attracted outstanding attention throughout the scientific community. For this reason, a comprehensive review of the naturally-derived hydrogels, commonly employed as bioinks in CTE, was carried out. In particular, the current state of art regarding eco-friendly and natural bioinks’ development for CTE was explored. Overall, this paper gives an overview of 3D bioprinting for CTE to guide future research towards the development of more reliable, customized, eco-friendly and innovative strategies for CTE.

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Rameshwar, Pranela, Vibha Harindra Savanur, Jean-Pierre Etchegaray, and Murat Guvendiren. "3D bioprinting as a designer organoid to assess pathological processes in translational medicine." Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine 6, no. 1 (March 2022): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/3dp-2021-0006.

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3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing method, formulated with cells printed in bioinks of basic matrix such as hydrogels. Bioinks are relevant to precision medicine mainly due to recapitulation of tissue organoids with broad application. 3D bioprinting can address the issue of increased cost in drug development with overall benefit in healthcare. Despite research, solid and hematological cancer remain a clinical problem. Existing models such as patient-derived xenografts and organoids, although beneficial, have limitations. This perspective discusses 3D bioprinting in key clinical issues to hasten treatment to patients. The diseases addressed are aging, cancer metastasis, cancer dormancy and drug screening. The perspective also discusses the application for other diseases and the future for 3D bioprinting in medicine.

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Yang, Haowei, Kai-Hung Yang, Roger J. Narayan, and Shaohua Ma. "Laser-based bioprinting for multilayer cell patterning in tissue engineering and cancer research." Essays in Biochemistry 65, no. 3 (August 2021): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20200093.

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Abstract 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is a process for patterning functional materials based on the digital 3D model. A bioink that contains cells, growth factors, and biomaterials are utilized for assisting cells to develop into tissues and organs. As a promising technique in regenerative medicine, many kinds of bioprinting platforms have been utilized, including extrusion-based bioprinting, inkjet bioprinting, and laser-based bioprinting. Laser-based bioprinting, a kind of bioprinting technology using the laser as the energy source, has advantages over other methods. Compared with inkjet bioprinting and extrusion-based bioprinting, laser-based bioprinting is nozzle-free, which makes it a valid tool that can adapt to the viscosity of the bioink; the cell viability is also improved because of elimination of nozzle, which could cause cell damage when the bioinks flow through a nozzle. Accurate tuning of the laser source and bioink may provide a higher resolution for reconstruction of tissue that may be transplanted used as an in vitro disease model. Here, we introduce the mechanism of this technology and the essential factors in the process of laser-based bioprinting. Then, the most potential applications are listed, including tissue engineering and cancer models. Finally, we present the challenges and opportunities faced by laser-based bioprinting.

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Albrecht, Franziska B., Freia F. Schmidt, Ann-Cathrin Volz, and Petra J. Kluger. "Bioprinting of 3D Adipose Tissue Models Using a GelMA-Bioink with Human Mature Adipocytes or Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells." Gels 8, no. 10 (September 25, 2022): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100611.

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Adipose tissue is related to the development and manifestation of multiple diseases, demonstrating the importance of suitable in vitro models for research purposes. In this study, adipose tissue lobuli were explanted, cultured, and used as an adipose tissue control to evaluate in vitro generated adipose tissue models. During culture, lobule exhibited a stable weight, lactate dehydrogenase, and glycerol release over 15 days. For building up in vitro adipose tissue models, we adapted the biomaterial gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) composition and handling to homogeneously mix and bioprint human primary mature adipocytes (MA) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), respectively. Accelerated cooling of the bioink turned out to be essential for the homogeneous distribution of lipid-filled MAs in the hydrogel. Last, we compared manual and bioprinted GelMA hydrogels with MA or ASCs and the explanted lobules to evaluate the impact of the printing process and rate the models concerning the physiological reference. The viability analyses demonstrated no significant difference between the groups due to additive manufacturing. The staining of intracellular lipids and perilipin A suggest that GelMA is well suited for ASCs and MA. Therefore, we successfully constructed physiological in vitro models by bioprinting MA-containing GelMA bioinks.

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Findrik Balogová, Alena, Marianna Trebuňová, Viktória Rajťúková, and Radovan Hudák. "FRESH METHOD: 3D BIOPRINTING AS A NEW APPROACH FOR TISSUE AND ORGAN REGENERATION." Acta Tecnología 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/atec.v7i3.112.

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Over the last decade, techniques of additive manufacturing of biomaterials have undergone a transformation, from a fast prototype tool used in research and development, to a viable approach in the production of customised medical devices. The key to this transformation is the ability of additive manufacturing to precisely define the structure and properties of a material in three dimensions, and to adjust those properties to unique anatomical and physiological criteria based on the medical data obtained by Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The 3D bioprinting technique was developed as a solution to provide temporary and ubiquitous support of structures during the printing process. In general, integrated 3D printing may be understood as a building chamber that is filled with bearing materials, where biomaterials, cellular spheroids, cell-laden hydrogels and other materials (bioinks) are deposited using a syringe-based extruder. In particular, FRESH 3D bioprinting is a revolutionary technology, which may bring a fast and efficient advancement to medicine thanks to the ability to print new tissues from live cells.

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Hadisi, Zhina, Tavia Walsh, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Dabiri, Amir Seyfoori, Brent Godeau, Gabriel Charest, David Fortin, and Mohsen Akbari. "3D printing for the future of medicine." Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine 4, no. 1 (March 2020): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/3dp-2019-0010.

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3D printing is an additive manufacturing method that involves successive deposition of layers of materials to create a construct from a digital model. 3D-printing technologies have widespread applications in medicine and are increasingly used for solving a wide variety of medical problems. In this review, we summarize existing 3D-printing technologies and explore recent advances in the development and characterization of bioinks and biomaterial inks. We will then explain characterization methods for determining the rheological and mechanical properties of printing inks and 3D-printed constructs using invasive and noninvasive methods. Lastly, four core uses in recent innovations in medicine, including tissue and organoid engineering, disease modeling, drug delivery, biosensing, patient-specific implants and challenges along with future prospects will be discussed.

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Melchels, Ferry P. W., Wouter J. A. Dhert, Dietmar W. Hutmacher, and Jos Malda. "Development and characterisation of a new bioink for additive tissue manufacturing." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2, no. 16 (2014): 2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21280g.

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Chimene, David, Roland Kaunas, and Akhilesh K. Gaharwar. "Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies." Advanced Materials 32, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 1902026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902026.

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Gill, Amoljit Singh, Parneet Kaur Deol, and Indu Pal Kaur. "An Update on the Use of Alginate in Additive Biofabrication Techniques." Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, no. 11 (August 6, 2019): 1249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190423155835.

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Background: Solid free forming (SFF) technique also called additive manufacturing process is immensely popular for biofabrication owing to its high accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Method: SFF techniques like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, extrusion printing, and inkjet printing create three dimension (3D) structures by layer by layer processing of the material. To achieve desirable results, selection of the appropriate technique is an important aspect and it is based on the nature of biomaterial or bioink to be processed. Result & Conclusion: Alginate is a commonly employed bioink in biofabrication process, attributable to its nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible nature; low cost; and tendency to form hydrogel under mild conditions. Furthermore, control on its rheological properties like viscosity and shear thinning, makes this natural anionic polymer an appropriate candidate for many of the SFF techniques. It is endeavoured in the present review to highlight the status of alginate as bioink in various SFF techniques.

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Vikram Singh, Ajay, Mohammad Hasan Dad Ansari, Shuo Wang, Peter Laux, Andreas Luch, Amit Kumar, Rajendra Patil, and Stephan Nussberger. "The Adoption of Three-Dimensional Additive Manufacturing from Biomedical Material Design to 3D Organ Printing." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 25, 2019): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040811.

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Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting promises to change future lifestyle and the way we think about aging, the field of medicine, and the way clinicians treat ailing patients. In this brief review, we attempt to give a glimpse into how recent developments in 3D bioprinting are going to impact vast research ranging from complex and functional organ transplant to future toxicology studies and printed organ-like 3D spheroids. The techniques were successfully applied to reconstructed complex 3D functional tissue for implantation, application-based high-throughput (HTP) platforms for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiling to understand the cellular basis of toxicity. We also provide an overview of merits/demerits of various bioprinting techniques and the physicochemical basis of bioink for tissue engineering. We briefly discuss the importance of universal bioink technology, and of time as the fourth dimension. Some examples of bioprinted tissue are shown, followed by a brief discussion on future biomedical applications.

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Gomez, Gorka, Camilo Cortés, Carles Creus, Maialen Zelaia Amilibia, and Aitor Moreno. "Generation of continuous hybrid zig-zag and contour paths for 3D printing." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 119, no. 11-12 (January 23, 2022): 7025–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08418-z.

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AbstractThe generation of the printing paths is a decisive step in additive manufacturing (AM). There is a variety of patterns that offer different characteristics, but those that are strictly continuous become especially relevant in certain types of AM by extrusion, with materials like bioinks, carbon or clays, since they do not allow the retraction of the material and travelling movements result in the generation of artifacts. In this work, we present (1) a method that generates continuous paths to fill 2D polygons with a hybrid zig-zag and contour pattern with any direction and line separation, which extends an algorithm that decomposes the 2D area to be filled into convex areas, overcoming its limitations to generate less subpolygons in certain cases, (2) a method to join the subpolygon trajectories such that a continuous path that fills the whole polygon is obtained, and (3) a publicly available dataset containing (a) a set of 2D polygons that are relevant to test the performance of the algorithms and (b) the results of filling those polygons with our methodology. Results show that the developed methods produce satisfactory results for the polygons contained in the evaluation dataset, including a couple of demonstrations of real 3D prints with the generated trajectories. Further work is needed to extend the methodology to produce suitable solutions for polygons with curved holes.

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Fransen, Maaike F. J., Gabriele Addario, Carlijn V. C. Bouten, Franck Halary, Lorenzo Moroni, and Carlos Mota. "Bioprinting of kidney in vitro models: cells, biomaterials, and manufacturing techniques." Essays in Biochemistry 65, no. 3 (August 2021): 587–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20200158.

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Abstract The number of patients with end-stage renal disease is continuously increasing worldwide. The only therapies for these patients are dialysis and organ transplantation, but the latter is limited due to the insufficient number of donor kidneys available. Research in kidney disease and alternative therapies are therefore of outmost importance. In vitro models that mimic human kidney functions are essential to provide better insights in disease and ultimately novel therapies. Bioprinting techniques have been increasingly used to create models with some degree of function, but their true potential is yet to be achieved. Bioprinted renal tissues and kidney-like constructs presents challenges, for example, choosing suitable renal cells and biomaterials for the formulation of bioinks. In addition, the fabrication of complex renal biological structures is still a major bottleneck. Advances in pluripotent stem cell-derived renal progenitors has contributed to in vivo-like rudiment structures with multiple renal cells, and these started to make a great impact on the achieved models. Natural- or synthetic-based biomaterial inks, such as kidney-derived extracellular matrix and gelatin-fibrin hydrogels, which show the potential to partially replicate in vivo-like microenvironments, have been largely investigated for bioprinting. As the field progresses, technological, biological and biomaterial developments will be required to yield fully functional in vitro tissues that can contribute to a better understanding of renal disease, to improve predictability in vitro of novel therapeutics, and to facilitate the development of alternative regenerative or replacement treatments. In this review, we resume the main advances on kidney in vitro models reported so far.

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T. Somasekharan, Lakshmi, Naresh Kasoju, Riya Raju, and Anugya Bhatt. "Formulation and Characterization of Alginate Dialdehyde, Gelatin, and Platelet-Rich Plasma-Based Bioink for Bioprinting Applications." Bioengineering 7, no. 3 (September 9, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7030108.

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Layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process has evolved into three-dimensional (3D) “bio-printing” as a means of constructing cell-laden functional tissue equivalents. The process typically involves the mixing of cells of interest with an appropriate hydrogel, termed as “bioink”, followed by printing and tissue maturation. An ideal bioink should have adequate mechanical, rheological, and biological features of the target tissues. However, native extracellular matrix (ECM) is made of an intricate milieu of soluble and non-soluble extracellular factors, and mimicking such a composition is challenging. To this end, here we report the formulation of a multi-component bioink composed of gelatin and alginate -based scaffolding material, as well as a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) suspension, which mimics the insoluble and soluble factors of native ECM respectively. Briefly, sodium alginate was subjected to controlled oxidation to yield alginate dialdehyde (ADA), and was mixed with gelatin and PRP in various volume ratios in the presence of borax. The formulation was systematically characterized for its gelation time, swelling, and water uptake, as well as its morphological, chemical, and rheological properties; furthermore, blood- and cytocompatibility were assessed as per ISO 10993 (International Organization for Standardization). Printability, shape fidelity, and cell-laden printing was evaluated using the RegenHU 3D Discovery bioprinter. The results indicated the successful development of ADA–gelatin–PRP based bioink for 3D bioprinting and biofabrication applications.

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Aghamirsalim, Mohamadreza, Mohammadmahdi Mobaraki, Madjid Soltani, Mohammad Kiani Shahvandi, Mahmoud Jabbarvand, Elham Afzali, and Kaamran Raahemifar. "3D Printed Hydrogels for Ocular Wound Healing." Biomedicines 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071562.

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Corneal disease is one of the most significant causes of blindness around the world. Presently, corneal transplantation is the only way to treat cornea blindness. It should be noted that the amount of cornea that people donate is so much less than that required (1:70). Therefore, scientists have tried to resolve this problem with tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Fabricating cornea with traditional methods is difficult due to their unique properties, such as transparency and geometry. Bioprinting is a technology based on additive manufacturing that can use different biomaterials as bioink for tissue engineering, and the emergence of 3D bioprinting presents a clear possibility to overcome this problem. This new technology requires special materials for printing scaffolds with acceptable biocompatibility. Hydrogels have received significant attention in the past 50 years, and they have been distinguished from other materials because of their unique and outstanding properties. Therefore, hydrogels could be a good bioink for the bioprinting of different scaffolds for corneal tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the use of different types of hydrogel for bioink for corneal tissue engineering and various methods that have been used for bioprinting. Furthermore, the properties of hydrogels and different types of hydrogels are described.

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Khalida Fakhruddin, Belal Yahya Hussein Al-Tam, Abdallah Nasser Sayed, Zarin Mesbah, Angelique Maryann Pereira Anthony Jerald Pereira, Al Ameerah Elza Toto Syaputri, and Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin. "3D Bioprinting: Introduction and Recent Advancement." Journal of Medical Device Technology 1, no. 1 (October 8, 2022): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.13.

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In the additive manufacturing method known as 3D bioprinting, living cells and nutrients are joined with organic and biological components to produce synthetic structures that resemble natural human tissues. To put it another way, bioprinting is a type of 3D printing that can create anything from bone tissue and blood vessels to living tissues for a range of medical purposes, including tissue engineering and drug testing and discovery. During the bioprinting process, a solution of a biomaterial or a mixture of several biomaterials in the hydrogel form, usually encapsulating the desired cell types, which are termed as bioink, is used for creating tissue constructs. This bioink can be cross-linked or stabilised during or immediately after bioprinting to generate the designed construct's final shape, structure, and architecture. This report thus offers a comprehensive review of the 3D bioprinting technology along with associated 3D bioprinting methods including ink-jet printing, extrusion printing, stereolithography, laser-assisted bioprinting and microfluidic techniques. We also focus on the types of materials, cell source, maturing, the implant of various representative tissue and organs, including blood vessels, bone and cartilage as well as recent advancements related to 3D bioprinting technology.

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McGivern, Sophie, Halima Boutouil, Ghayadah Al-Kharusi, Suzanne Little, Nicholas J. Dunne, and Tanya J. Levingstone. "Translational Application of 3D Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering." Bioengineering 8, no. 10 (October 18, 2021): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8100144.

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Cartilage is an avascular tissue with extremely limited self-regeneration capabilities. At present, there are no existing treatments that effectively stop the deterioration of cartilage or reverse its effects; current treatments merely relieve its symptoms and surgical intervention is required when the condition aggravates. Thus, cartilage damage remains an ongoing challenge in orthopaedics with an urgent need for improved treatment options. In recent years, major advances have been made in the development of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted constructs for cartilage repair applications. 3D bioprinting is an evolutionary additive manufacturing technique that enables the precisely controlled deposition of a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules, collectively known as bioink, layer-by-layer to produce constructs that simulate the structure and function of native cartilage tissue. This review provides an insight into the current developments in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering. The bioink and construct properties required for successful application in cartilage repair applications are highlighted. Furthermore, the potential for translation of 3D bioprinted constructs to the clinic is discussed. Overall, 3D bioprinting demonstrates great potential as a novel technique for the fabrication of tissue engineered constructs for cartilage regeneration, with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.

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Lee, Daiheon, Joseph P. Park, Mi-Young Koh, Pureum Kim, Junhee Lee, Mikyung Shin, and Haeshin Lee. "Chitosan-catechol: a writable bioink under serum culture media." Biomaterials Science 6, no. 5 (2018): 1040–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8bm00174j.

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Mussel-inspired adhesive polymers exhibiting rapid complexation with serum proteins are used as a direct writable bioink for additive techniques, 3D printing. The mussel-inspired bioinks would be a promising way to design a biocompatible 3D bioink cross-linked without any external stimuli.

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Dairaghi, Jacob, Dan Rogozea, Rachel Cadle, Joseph Bustamante, Leni Moldovan, Horia I. Petrache, and Nicanor I. Moldovan. "3D Printing of Human Ossicle Models for the Biofabrication of Personalized Middle Ear Prostheses." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (October 31, 2022): 11015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111015.

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The middle ear bones (‘ossicles’) may become severely damaged due to accidents or to diseases. In these situations, the most common current treatments include replacing them with cadaver-derived ossicles, using a metal (usually titanium) prosthesis, or introducing bridges made of biocompatible ceramics. Neither of these solutions is ideal, due to the difficulty in finding or producing shape-matching replacements. However, the advent of additive manufacturing applications to biomedical problems has created the possibility of 3D-printing anatomically correct, shape- and size-personalized ossicle prostheses. To demonstrate this concept, we generated and printed several models of ossicles, as solid, porous, or soft material structures. These models were first printed with a plottable calcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite paste by extrusion on a solid support or embedded in a Carbopol hydrogel bath, followed by temperature-induced hardening. We then also printed an ossicle model with this ceramic in a porous format, followed by loading and crosslinking an alginate hydrogel within the pores, which was validated by microCT imaging. Finally, ossicle models were printed using alginate as well as a cell-containing nanocellulose-based bioink, within the supporting hydrogel bath. In selected cases, the devised workflow and the printouts were tested for repeatability. In conclusion, we demonstrate that moving beyond simplistic geometric bridges to anatomically realistic constructs is possible by 3D printing with various biocompatible materials and hydrogels, thus opening the way towards the in vitro generation of personalized middle ear prostheses for implantation.

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Igarashi, Toshio. "Additive Manufacturing." Seikei-Kakou 28, no. 7 (June 20, 2016): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.28.288.

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Igarashi, Toshio. "Additive Manufacturing." Seikei-Kakou 29, no. 7 (June 20, 2017): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.29.254.

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Costa, José, Elsa Sequeiros, Maria Teresa Vieira, and Manuel Vieira. "Additive Manufacturing." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 7, no. 3 (April 30, 2021): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_007.003_0005.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the most trending technologies nowadays, and it has the potential to become one of the most disruptive technologies for manufacturing. Academia and industry pay attention to AM because it enables a wide range of new possibilities for design freedom, complex parts production, components, mass personalization, and process improvement. The material extrusion (ME) AM technology for metallic materials is becoming relevant and equivalent to other AM techniques, like laser powder bed fusion. Although ME cannot overpass some limitations, compared with other AM technologies, it enables smaller overall costs and initial investment, more straightforward equipment parametrization, and production flexibility.This study aims to evaluate components produced by ME, or Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), with different materials: Inconel 625, H13 SAE, and 17-4PH. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of manufactured parts were evaluated, confirming the process effectiveness and revealing that this is an alternative for metal-based AM.

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Jain, Rupanshu, and Manish Meghwal. "Additive Manufacturing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44072.

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Abstract: Additive manufacturing is a recent trend in manufacturing processes due to its many advantages. It can be defined as the process of manufacturing parts by depositing materials layer by layer. It has been a subject of intense study and examination by many scholars. The development of additive manufacturing as a leading technology and its different stages will be discussed. The importance of partial orientation, construction time estimates and cost calculations were also discussed. A notable aspect of this work was the identification of problems associated with different additive manufacturing methods. Due to the imperfections of additive manufacturing, its hybridization with other methods, such as subtraction manufacturing, has been highlighted.

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Taki, Kentaro. "Additive Manufacturing." Seikei-Kakou 34, no. 9 (August 20, 2022): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.34.341_1.

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Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. "Additive manufacturing." Materials Science and Technology 32, no. 7 (May 2, 2016): 615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02670836.2016.1197523.

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Babu, S. S., and R. Goodridge. "Additive manufacturing." Materials Science and Technology 31, no. 8 (May 14, 2015): 881–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0267083615z.000000000929.

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Mumith, A., M. Thomas, Z. Shah, M. Coathup, and G. Blunn. "Additive manufacturing." Bone & Joint Journal 100-B, no. 4 (April 2018): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.100b4.bjj-2017-0662.r2.

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Increasing innovation in rapid prototyping (RP) and additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is bringing about major changes in translational surgical research. This review describes the current position in the use of additive manufacturing in orthopaedic surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:455-60.

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Patel, Jay. "Additive manufacturing." XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students 22, no. 3 (April 6, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2893515.

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Theus, Andrea S., Liqun Ning, Linqi Jin, Ryan K. Roeder, Jianyi Zhang, and Vahid Serpooshan. "Nanomaterials for bioprinting: functionalization of tissue-specific bioinks." Essays in Biochemistry 65, no. 3 (August 2021): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20200095.

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Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is rapidly evolving, offering great potential for manufacturing functional tissue analogs for use in diverse biomedical applications, including regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and disease modeling. Biomaterials used as bioinks in printing processes must meet strict physiochemical and biomechanical requirements to ensure adequate printing fidelity, while closely mimicking the characteristics of the native tissue. To achieve this goal, nanomaterials are increasingly being investigated as a robust tool to functionalize bioink materials. In this review, we discuss the growing role of different nano-biomaterials in engineering functional bioinks for a variety of tissue engineering applications. The development and commercialization of these nanomaterial solutions for 3D bioprinting would be a significant step towards clinical translation of biofabrication.

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Stanco, Deborah, Monica Boffito, Alessia Bogni, Luca Puricelli, Josefa Barrero, Gianni Soldati, and Gianluca Ciardelli. "3D Bioprinting of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Their Tenogenic Differentiation in Clinical-Grade Medium." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (November 18, 2020): 8694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228694.

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Defining the best combination of cells and biomaterials is a key challenge for the development of tendon tissue engineering (TE) strategies. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are ideal candidates for this purpose. In addition, controlled cell-based products adherent to good manufacturing practice (GMP) are required for their clinical scale-up. With this aim, in this study, ASC 3D bioprinting and GMP-compliant tenogenic differentiation were investigated. In detail, primary human ASCs were embedded within a nanofibrillar-cellulose/alginate bioink and 3D-bioprinted into multi-layered square-grid matrices. Bioink viscoelastic properties and scaffold ultrastructural morphology were analyzed by rheology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimal cell concentration for printing among 3, 6 and 9 × 106 ASC/mL was evaluated in terms of cell viability. ASC morphology was characterized by SEM and F-actin immunostaining. Tenogenic differentiation ability was then evaluated in terms of cell viability, morphology and expression of scleraxis and collagen type III by biochemical induction using BMP-12, TGF-β3, CTGF and ascorbic acid supplementation (TENO). Pro-inflammatory cytokine release was also assessed. Bioprinted ASCs showed high viability and survival and exhibited a tenocyte-like phenotype after biochemical induction, with no inflammatory response to the bioink. In conclusion, we report a first proof of concept for the clinical scale-up of ASC 3D bioprinting for tendon TE.

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FUJIKAWA, Takao. "Additive Manufacturing Technology." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 61, no. 5 (2014): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.216.

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Layher, Michel, Jens Bliedtner, and René Theska. "Hybrid additive manufacturing." PhotonicsViews 19, no. 5 (October 2022): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phvs.202200041.

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Jadhav, Nisha Ramesh. "Metallic Additive Manufacturing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40188.

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Abstract: As metallic additive manufacturing grew in many areas, many users have requested greater control over the systems, namely the ability to change the process parameters. The goal of this paper is to review the effects of major process parameters on the quality such as porosity, residual stress, and composition changes and materials properties like microstructure and microsegregation. In this article, we give an overview over the different kinds of metals specially steels in additive manufacturing processes and present their microstructures, their mechanical and corrosion properties, and their heat treatments and their application. Our aim is to detect the microstructures as well as the mechanical and electrochemical properties of metals specially the steels. Steels are subjected during additive manufacturing processing to time-temperature profiles which are very different from the conventional process. We do not describe in detail the additive manufacturing process parameters required to achieve dense parts. We discuss the impact of process parameters on the microstructure, where necessary.

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Bhattacharyya, Som Sekhar, and Sanket Atre. "Additive Manufacturing Technology." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2020010101.

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The authors studied strategic aspects pertaining to adoption drivers, challenges and strategic value of Additive Manufacturing Technology (AMT) in the Indian manufacturing landscape. An exploratory qualitative study with semi-structured in-depth personal interviews of experts was completed and the data was content analysed. Indian firms have identified the need for AMT in R&D and prototype generation. AMT implementation helps Indian firms in mass customization and eases the manufacturing of complex geometric shapes. This study insights would help AMT managers in emerging economies to enable adoption drivers, overcome challenges and add strategic value with AMT. This is one of the very first studies on AMT with theoretical perspectives on the Miltenberg framework, adoption drivers, challenges and strategic value in the Indian manufacturing landscape.

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Shanmugam, Sivaprakash, Jiangtao Xu, and Cyrille Boyer. "Living Additive Manufacturing." ACS Central Science 3, no. 2 (January 30, 2017): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.7b00025.

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Beese, Allison M. "Additive manufacturing - Editorial." Materials Science and Engineering: A 773 (January 2020): 138875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138875.

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Gasser, Andres, Gerhard Backes, Ingomar Kelbassa, Andreas Weisheit, and Konrad Wissenbach. "Laser Additive Manufacturing." Laser Technik Journal 7, no. 2 (February 2010): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/latj.201090029.

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Acosta-Vélez, Giovanny, Chase Linsley, Timothy Zhu, Willie Wu, and Benjamin Wu. "Photocurable Bioinks for the 3D Pharming of Combination Therapies." Polymers 10, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 1372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10121372.

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Combination therapies mediate drug synergy to improve treatment efficacy and convenience, leading to higher levels of compliance. However, there are challenges with their manufacturing as well as reduced flexibility in dosing options. This study reports on the design and characterization of a polypill fabricated through the combination of material jetting and binder jetting for the treatment of hypertension. The drugs lisinopril and spironolactone were loaded into hydrophilic hyaluronic acid and hydrophobic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) photocurable bioinks, respectively, and dispensed through a piezoelectric nozzle onto a blank preform tablet composed of two attachable compartments fabricated via binder jetting 3D printing. The bioinks were photopolymerized and their mechanical properties were assessed via Instron testing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to indicate morphological analysis. The polypill was ensembled and drug release analysis was performed. Droplet formation of bioinks loaded with hydrophilic and hydrophobic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was achieved and subsequently polymerized after a controlled dosage was dispensed onto preform tablet compartments. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed sustained release profiles for each of the loaded compounds. This study confirms the potential of material jetting in conjunction with binder jetting techniques (powder-bed 3D printing), for the production of combination therapy oral dosage forms involving both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.

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Frăţilă, Domniţa, and Horaţiu Rotaru. "Additive manufacturing – a sustainable manufacturing route." MATEC Web of Conferences 94 (2017): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20179403004.

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Adekanye, S. A., R. M. Mahamood, E. T. Akinlabi, and M. G. Owolabi. "Additive manufacturing: the future of manufacturing." Materiali in tehnologije 51, no. 5 (October 16, 2017): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2016.261.

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Citarella, Roberto, and Venanzio Giannella. "Additive Manufacturing in Industry." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020840.

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The advent of additive manufacturing (AM) processes applied to the fabrication of structural components has created the need for design methodologies and structural optimization approaches that take into account the specific characteristics of the fabrication process. While AM processes give unprecedented geometrical design freedom, which can result in significant reductions in the components’ weight (e.g., through part count reduction), on the other hand, they have implications for the fatigue and fracture strength, because of residual stresses and microstructural features. This is due to stress concentration effects, anisotropy, distortions and defects whose effects still need investigation. This Special Issue aims at gathering together research investigating the different features of AM processes with relevance for their structural behavior, particularly, but not exclusively, from the viewpoints of fatigue, fracture and crash behavior. Although the focus of this Special Issue is on AM, articles dealing with other manufacturing processes with related analogies can also be included, in order to establish differences and possible similarities.

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SOZON, Tsopanos. "Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM)." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 83, no. 4 (2014): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.83.266.

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IKESHOJI, Toshi-Taka. "Multiple Material Additive Manufacturing." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 88, no. 6 (2019): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.88.489.

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KIDERA, Masaaki. "Laser Additive Manufacturing Technologies." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 89, no. 1 (2020): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.89.82.

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P, Jothilakshmi, and Vishnu Prakash Poonchezhian. "ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IN TURBOMACHINERIES." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 9, no. 5 (May 24, 2022): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v9.i5.2022.1148.

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The primary objective of this paper is to discuss the recent advancements of Additive manufacturing in the field of turbomachinery. The most challenging thing in real world is fabricating a large turbine or a propeller with short production run, less tool investment cost and finally less carbon print. Additive manufacturing not only achieves this but also provide several advantages over conventional machining process. This paper aims to elaborate current trends in additive manufacturing methods, history of AM, its advantages and challenges and AM’s role in making the turbomachinery manufacturing easier.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bioinks or Additive manufacturing'

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