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Lavrishcheva, Juliia V., and Aleksandr A. Jakovenko. "Ways to optimize the assessment of lean body mass in hemodialysis patients." Urologicheskie vedomosti 9, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved9123-28.
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The aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of methods for assessing lean body mass in haemodialysis patients.
Patients and methods. A total of 317 patients receiving treatment with programmatic bicarbonate haemodialysis in 9 haemodialysis centers in 5 regions of the European part of the Russian Federation were examined for 8.2 ± 5.1 years, among them 171 women and 146 men, the average age was 57.1 ± 11.3 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedancemetry were used to assess lean body mass.
Results. The results of determining the total lean body mass obtained from the results of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedancemetry were compared using the Bland-Altman method. The correlation coefficient between the indicators was r = 0.994, p < 0.0001, delta (M ± σ) was –0.48 ± 0.91 kg, CI 95% (–0.71)–(–0.26) kg.
Conclusion. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry has no significant advantages compared with bioimpedancemetry when evaluating lean body mass in haemodialysis patients.
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Coeffier, M., M. Gaté, A. Rimbert, A. Petit, V. Folope, S. Grigioni, P. Déchelotte, and N. Achamrah. "Does bioimpedancemetry accurately assess muscle mass in severely malnourished patients?" Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 40 (December 2020): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.235.
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Tornuev, Yu V., E. V. Koldysheva, G. A. Lapiy, O. P. Molodykh, S. M. Balakhnin, G. M. Bushmanova, D. E. Semenov, and V. K. Preobrazhenskaya. "Bioimpedancemetry in the Diagnostics of Inflammatory Process in the Mammary Gland." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 156, no. 3 (January 2014): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-014-2354-y.
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Khablova, Anastasiya A., Galina N. Bondar’, Pavel F. Kiku, Natal’ya S. Tumanova, Valentina N. Rasskazova, and Anna V. Sukhova. "Assessment of the health of medical students." Health Care of the Russian Federation 64, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46563/0044-197x-2020-64-3-132-138.
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Human health, in addition to social and spiritual well-being, is determined by its physical condition, which reflects the functional capabilities of the body, features of physical development and ensures working capacity in any activity, including academic workload, which is extremely important for students in higher educational institutions. The purpose of the study is to assess the health status of students at the School of Biomedicine of the Far Eastern Federal University. Material and methods. The health status of 184 medical students (147 young women and 37 young men) was assessed using a sociological survey (questionnaire) and a study of the component composition of the body using bioimpedancemetry. Results. The low physical activity, detected in 68% of students and bad habits (smoking tobacco) have been established to negatively affect students’ health. Among smokers, 75% of students live in dormitories on the university campus. According to the results of bioimpedancemetry, significant deviations from the age norm were noted in terms of body mass index (BMI) (50% of cases) and fat mass (FM) (71% of cases). Significant gender differences in the individual components of the body were not identified. Discussion. The most aggressive factors that significantly affect the health of students are unbalanced nutrition, lack of compliance with the regime of study and rest, lack of sleep and stay in the fresh air, lack of physical activity, lack of motivation for a healthy lifestyle. Significant deviations in BMI and FM, identified by bioimpedancemetry, indicate the risks of developing arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and nutritional status disorders. Medical students need to give recommendations for increasing motor activity and changing diet. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in the future to determine the functional state of students and develop preventive measures to preserve the health of medical students.
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Stepanov, Yu M., T. Y. Boiko, O. V. Sorochan, M. V. Stoikevych, and A. S. Shkaredna. "Bioimpedancemetry in Evaluating Nutritional Status of Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases." GASTROENTEROLOGY, no. 2.56 (June 4, 2015): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2308-2097.2.56.2015.81498.
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Cosoli, Gloria, Lorenzo Scalise, Graziano Cerri, Paola Russo, Gerardo Tricarico, and Enrico Primo Tomasini. "Bioimpedancemetry for the assessment of periodontal tissue inflammation: a numerical feasibility study." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 20, no. 6 (February 13, 2017): 682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1291804.
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Mamoshin, A. V., A. V. Borsukov, Yu V. Ivanov, N. P. Istomin, and N. V. Mokshina. "MINIINVASIVE TECHNIQUES OF ACUTE DESTRUCTIVE PANCREATITIS DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT." Journal of Clinical Practice 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2016): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract7232-39.
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In the article the modern controlled miniinvasive techniques of acute destructive pancreatitis diagnostic and treatment and its complications are discussed. Perspective miniinvasive techniques as many-frequent bioimpedancemetry and crystallography are described. Different controlled miniinvasive interventions were used in the particular sequence in dependence on clinico-morphological form of pathological process. Endocavital ultrasound research is the perspective area in the development of miniinvasive techniques at the destructive pancreatitis.
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Smelysheva, L., E. Musikhina, N. Artenyan, G. Kovaleva, and G. Kuznetsov. "BODY COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND STRESS-INDUCED FEATURES OF LEPTIN SECRETION IN FEMALES WITH VARIOUS BODY MASS INDEX." Human Sport Medicine 20, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm200210.
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Aim. The article aims to study the dynamics of the adipose tissue hormone leptin in healthy females with different body component composition and body mass index to assess their energy status under stress. Materials and methods. Based on anthropometry and bioimpedancemetry, three groups of girls were formed: the first group included girls with a BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m2, body mass deficiency (BMD), the second – from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2, normal body mass (NBM), the third – with a BMI of more than 24.9 kg/m2, which corresponds to overweight (OvBM). The body component composition was determined by bioimpedancemetry. Plasma leptin concentration was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay both in normal conditions and during emotional stress. Results. In the selected subgroups, a significant difference in the body component composition was found with an increase in the series of BMD → NBM → OvBM. When assessing the level of metabolic processes by the magnitude of the phase angle, it was found that 3.41% of females with BMD showed signs of increased protein catabolism. The stress-induced dynamics of the hormone leptin was evaluated. In normal conditions, the concentration of leptin in blood plasma positively correlated with BMI and depended on the component composition of the body. Conclusion. In persons with BMD, the adipose tissue hormone leptin had a negative dynamics under stress conditions, which was an adequate adaptive physiological response to stress. Females with BMD had a significantly high positive dynamics of leptin, while girls with OvBM did not have significant changes in its concentrations, which can be explained by the development of leptin resistance.
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Mamoshin, A. V., A. V. Borsukov, and Y. V. Ivanov. "Diagnostic possibilities of investigation methods in acute destructive pancreatitis." Medical alphabet, no. 17 (September 23, 2020): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2020-17-26-30.
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The article demonstrates the diagnostic effectiveness of clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods for the differentiation of clinical and morphological forms of acute destructive pancreatitis. The importance of such promising methods as minimally invasive multi-frequency bioimpedancemetry of the pathological focus, the crystallographic study of aspirate performed during fine-needle diagnostic puncture and differential diagnosis of exudative complications of acute destructive pancreatitis is shown. The results obtained determine the necessity of a comprehensive approach with the expansion of the diagnostic algorithm by using fine-needle diagnostic puncture. A comprehensive assessment of diagnostic methods significance can increase the effectiveness of differential diagnosis of clinical and morphological forms of destructive pancreatitis, thereby allowing to timely determinate the tactical position in the treatment of this category of patients.
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Nodimar, Céline, Karine Moreau, Christian Combe, and Philippe Chauveau. "NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND BODY COMPOSITION IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS: RELEVANCE OF BIOIMPEDANCEMETRY (BCM®) FOR LONGITUDINAL MONITORING." Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 31, no. 2 (June 2012): A95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.krcp.2012.04.633.
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Kornetova, E. G., V. V. Dubrovskaya, A. N. Kornetov, O. A. Lobacheva, S. A. Ivanova, and A. V. Semke. "Morphophenotypic predictor of the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic therapy." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 17, no. 4 (December 24, 2018): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2018-4-54-64.
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Objective:revealing the role of morphophenotypic indices in the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia receiving quetiapine and risperidone therapy.Materials and methods.56 indoor patients with schizophrenia who received quetiapine (n= 23) or risperidone (n= 33) at medium doses were examined. Included persons were from 18 to 65 years old with at least a 1 year history of disease, the condition of which met the criteria of schizophrenia according to ICD-10. The Basis map of sociodemographic and clinical-dynamic signs for patients with schizophrenia was filled in, PANSS in the adapted Russian version – SCI-PANSS, noninvasive bioimpedancemetry, measurement of growth, transversethoracic, biacromial and bicrystal diameter, with calculation of body mass indexes, Tanner and Rees – Eysenk and definition of integral morphophenotypic indicators were carried out. Statistical processing was performed using Student’s t-test with a preliminary estimate of Pearson’s χ2 normal distribution, the Mann – Whitney U test to compare independent samples, the Spearman correlation analysis, the two-sided Fisher test.Results.There were no significant differences in both subgroups in terms of bioimpedancemetry. The correlation between the level of visceral fat and the Rees – Eysenk index in patients receiving risperidone was a moderate inverse: the greater the value of the Rees – Eysenk index, the lower the level of visceral fat (r= –0.73381,t= –4.70833,p= 0.00015). The correlation between the Tanner index and the level of visceral fat in the quetiapine subgroup was strong: the larger the Tanner index, the higher the visceral fat level (r= 0.7763,t= 4.08481,p= 0.00181); in the risperidone subgroup, there was an average direct correlation (r= 0.48133,t= 2.39356,p= 0.02716).Conclusion.The magnitude of the Rees – Eysenk index of schizophrenic patients can be considered among other factors in the management of risperidone in individuals with asthenic physique. The determination of the Tanner index at the beginning of treatment can play the role of a prognostic factor in the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia in the planned use as a basic therapy for quetiapine.
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Valeeva, F. V., M. S. Medvedeva, T. A. Kiseleva, K. B. Khasanova, and G. F. Gabidinova. "Association of rs7903146 TCF7L2, rs1042714 ADRB2 with the changes in body fat mass in different types of therapy of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders." Obesity and metabolism 19, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet12807.
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BACKGROUND: Depending on the polymorphism of genes that that are involved in metabolism, the response of patients to different types of therapy may differ. Despite the potential effect of rs7903146 TCF7L2 and rs1042712 ADRB2 on changes in body composition in different types of therapy of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders, these associations haven’t been studied yet. AIM: To study the influence of rs7903146 TCF7L2, rs1042714 ADRB2 on changes in body fat composition in different types of therapy of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved patients with overweight or obesity and risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes development. All patients underwent genotyping with the real-time polymerase chain reaction, oral glucose tolerance test and bioimpedancemetry. Further, the patients were divided into two groups. First group kept a diet with the exclusion of simple and limitation of complex carbohydrates and fats. Second group took metformin in addition to the diet. Three months after bioimpedancemetry was performed again.RESULTS: The research involved 73 patients (the mean age 48±12 y.o., the mean BMI 34,27±6,18 kg/m2 ). The diet therapy group consisted of 47 people. Other 26 patients took metformin in addition to the diet. In group of diet, T allele carriers of rs7903146 TCF7L2 were characterized with more decrease in fat mass compared with CC homozygotes (- 7.90 ± 9.46% vs. -1.54 ± 8.98%, p = 0.027). CC genotype carriers of rs7903146 TCF7L2 in group of metformin and the diet had a tendency for more decrease in hip circumference compared with T allele carriers (-4.95 ± 3.34% vs. — 2.5 ± 2.96%, p = 0.064). Carriers of C allele in homozygous state of rs1042714 ADRB2, who took metformin with the diet, demonstrated more decrease in hip circumference (- 5.81 ± 3.00% vs. -2.50 ± 2.7%, p = 0.009), the tendency for decrease in fat mass (-8.28 ± 8.86% vs. — 3.20 ± 5.09%, p = 0.068) and waist circumference (-5.91 ± 4.29% vs. -3.03 ± 4.01 %, p = 0.091) compared with G allele carriers. The association of rs7903146 TCF7L2 and rs1042714 ADRB2 with changes in total body weight was not observed (p> 0.05).CONCLUSION: Single nucleotide polymorphisms rs7903146 TCF7L2 and rs1042714 ADRB2 influence on body fat composition in patients with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders in various types of treatment.
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Bondarenko, N. B., M. M. Batushin, M. Z. Gasanov, I. V. Sarvilina, and O. V. Golubeva. "PROTEIN DEGRADATION BY THE UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME PATHWAY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE 5D." Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) 23, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1561-6274-2019-23-1-73-78.
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THE AIM:to assess the effect of ubiquitin-independent protein degradation on the development of protein metabolism disorders in patients with CKD who are treated with hemodialysis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 80 patients with CKD treated with hemodialysis were examined. The study group included: 47 men and 33 women, whose average age was 51.7 ± 11.6 years, the duration of dialysis were 33.5 (0.5; 236) months. An anthropometric study, bioimpedancemetry, determination of muscle strength, biochemical blood analysis and an open ELISA for the presence of a 20S proteasome (20S-PSM) in the blood were carried out to all patients.RESULTS: When building regression analysis models, age, duration of dialysis, serum albumin, 20S proteasomes had a significant effect on muscle strength. There was no statistically significant correlation between the level of 20S-PSM and serum albumin and total protein as an independent result of proteasome protein degradation (p = 0.78; p = 0.80).CONCLUSION:The study demonstrated the relationship of the level of 20S proteasome with the features of dialysis treatment, the level of chronic inflammation. The change in body composition in the form of a compensatory increase in the absolute content of adipose tissue on the background of sarcopenia was not revealed according to the results of bio-impedance, which requires further study.
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Mamedsakhatova, S. Ch. "Hygienic assessment of the nutritional status of patients with multi-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis." Herald of Pancreatic Club 44, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33149/vkp.2019.03.09.
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Introduction. The priority direction of hygienic science at the present stage is the study of the nutritional status of patients with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) of the lungs.
The aim of study is to identify the basic patterns of formation of the structure of the nutritional status of patients with MDR-TBof the lungs in order to adopt a reasonable system of measures for their optimization(from a hygienic point of view).
Materials and research methods. The actual nutrition of 103 patients with MDR-TBof the lungs was studied using a specially prepared standardized questionnaire, which included information on previous and yesterday nutrition. Nutritional status was determined by evaluating anthropometric indices (height, body mass, chest circumference), on the basis of which the Quetelet index was calculated. Surveyed control group included 20 relatively healthy patients. Bioimpedancemetrywas a special research method.
Results and discussion. In the case of multiple correlation analysis, a high direct correlation of the total protein level with the indicator of fat mass according to bioimpedancemetry (r=0.63; p<0.01)was found in patients with MDR-TB of the lungs.
Conclusion. There is a need for prevention and correction of excess fatty tissue and a lack of muscle mass, which can be achieved with the help of physical exercise, rational nutrition and nutritional support.
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Tyatenkova, Nataliya N., and Iuliya E. Uvarova. "Prevalence of overweight and obesity among the adult population of the Yaroslavl region." Obesity and metabolism 17, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet10284.
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BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases. Overweight and obesity negatively affect all spheres of human activity, leading to the development of related diseases and disability.
AIMS: to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the adult population of the Yaroslavl region according to sex and age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research included results of comprehensive medical examinations of 13948 persons of both sexes aged from 20 to 79 permanently residing in the Yaroslavl region. Anthropometric examination was performed by standard methods with the measurement of body weight and body length and calculation of body mass index. Overweight was defined as having a BMI to 25.029.9 kg/m2, obesity was defined as having BMI grater or equal to 30 kg/m2. The fat compound of body mass was determined by bioimpedancemetry.
RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight among the adult population of the Yaroslavl region was 34.2%, obesity was 31.6%. Overweight in men of all ages was at least 1.5 times more prevalent than women, obesity in women was 1.3 times more prevalent than in men. The prevalence of firstdegree obesity was 20.9%, grade II and III 7.9% and 2.8%, respectively. The proportion of overweight and obesity increased with age, reaching a maximum of 5059 years for men and 6069 years for women. The gradient of age changes is more pronounced in women. Patients with normal body mass index had excessive fat deposition in 38% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in the Yaroslavl region.
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Semenov, M. M., K. E. Martirosova, S. V. Klochkova, and D. B. Nikityuk. "Somatic Characteristics of Women-Wrestlers of Olympic Weight Classes." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 8, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-3-53-58.
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The aim of research was to study somatic features of highly qualified women-wrestlers of different weight classes.Material and methods. The study included results of somatic examinations of the strongest female wrestlers, members of the national teams of Russia and the immediate reserve (n=162). Anthropometric studies were carried out in accordance with the accepted standard at the Research Institute of Anthropology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Total body sizes and proportions, body composition (based on anthropometry and bio-impedancemetry) and estimated body sizes were determined in athletes. 68 different parameters defining somatotypes of women-wrestlers were studied.Results. Standards for body composition of women-wrestlers have been developed considering the new approved weight classes (50, 53, 57, 62, 68 and 76 kg) in wrestling for the Olympic Games 2020. Skin-fat fold, adipose, muscular and bone mass parameters were studied. The body proportions of women-wrestlers were calculated. Significant differences in body composition parameters were determined using methods of anthropometry and bio-impedancemetry; this was especially pronounced for adipose and muscular body masses.Conclusion. Parameters of the proportion and body composition in women-wrestlers of different Olympic weight classes were presented for the first time. Significant differences in body composition were revealed depending on the weight class. Different methods (anthropometry and bioimpedancemetry) were used to determine body composition. Analysis of the types of body proportions in women-wrestlers of the Olympic weight classes demonstrated that it is advisable to consider certain anthropometric markers, such as a significant size of shoulder width, relatively short lower limbs, when selecting athletes for female freestyle wrestling
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Perfilova, O. V., E. B. Khramova, and A. V. Shaitarova. "Potentials of bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 66, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2021-66-3-40-45.
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Objectives: To study the potential of the bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy.Material and methods. There were examined 89 children with cerebral palsy (average age: 10,24 years±3,6 years). Such anthropometric indicators as body height (cm), body weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) were investigated. The scientists formed two comparison groups: Group 1: 40 children without malnutrition (z-score BMI over 1), Group 2: 49 children with malnutrition (z-score BMI is 1,1 and less). The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedancemetry in both groups of comparison.Results. The scientist found significant differences in body composition in terms of fat mass between boys and girls with cerebral palsy, both with malnutrition and without nutritional deficiency. They determined that children with cerebral palsy without malnutrition demonstrate various changes in the parameters of the body composition comparable to those in patients with trophic deficiency, even before the anthropometry indicators change. According to the parameters of lean mass, active cell mass in the group of children without malnutrition, the results of 40% of boys and girls were below the normative values, which indicated an altered tissue composition of the body and existing deficiency of the protein component.Conclusion. The scientists determined unidirectional changes in the body component composition in children with cerebral palsy and malnutrition and in children without trophic deficiency. The assessment of the body by bioimpedance measurement can serve as an effective tool for the diagnosis of nutritional disorders in children with cerebral palsy.
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Rasenko, A. V. "Cystatin C level as a prognostic risk factor for postoperative complications in elderly patients." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 24, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2020-24(4)-20.
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Annotation. An important criterion for assessing the course of urgent surgical pathology in elderly patients is the concomitant state of sarcopenia. Decreased blood levels of cystatin C, which correlates with decreased muscle mass and strength, is an important screening criterion for perioperative intensive care therapy in these patients. The aim of the study was to increase the effectiveness of intensive care in patients with low sarcopenic index by improving the methods of influencing perioperative risk factors. We examined 90 elderly patients (73.3±7.9 years) with surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity, who underwent emergency surgery under general anesthesia based on sodium thiopental with artificial lung ventilation. Patients were divided into 3 randomized groups by age, sex, anthropometric data, volume and duration of surgery, concomitant comorbid background and perioperative intensive care: group I (n=30) – patients undergoing standard intensive perioperative therapy, group II (n=30) – standard intensive care with the addition of levocarnitine; group III (n=30) – standard intensive care with the addition of levocarnitine and a solution of D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium salt hydrate. Muscle mass was determined by bioimpedancemetry on the analyzer “MEDASS” ABC-02, muscle strength was assessed by wrist dynamometry, muscle-skeletal mass index was calculated. The serum cystatin C concentration was determined by latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry (DIALAB GmbH, Austria). The significance of the obtained data was checked using the r-Pearson correlation coefficient. It is established that additional prescription of levocarnitine and D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate sodium hydrate salt significantly reduces the number of days of treatment in the intensive care unit, improves prognosis, and promotes early activation of patients. Metabolic changes caused by a decreased sarcopenic index require further research.
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Sinnapah, Stéphane, Sophie Antoine-Jonville, and Olivier Hue. "The Association of Body Fat and Leisure Time Physical Activity Called into Question for Asian Indians." Ethnicity & Disease 26, no. 4 (October 20, 2016): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.4.485.
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<p class="Pa7"><strong>Objective: </strong>Thrifty genotypes may predispose to type 2 diabetes and body fat (%BF) excess through a differentiated relationship between physical activity and body fat. We explored this hypothesis in Asian Indians, a population thought to be thrifty.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred and nine Guadeloupian adolescents responded to the modifiable activity questionnaire. Their body fat was assessed by bioimpedancemetry. We first studied the relationship between %BF and leisure time physical activity (LTPA). We then explored the associations of ethnicity with this relationship in a subgroup of 93 Asian Indians matched with 93 controls for age, sex, and LTPA class. The alpha risk retained was .05.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>The analyses showed that Asian Indians had higher %BF even when matched with controls for age, sex and LTPA quartile, and the relationship between LTPA and %BF observed in controls was not evidenced in Asian Indians.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The higher %BF in Asian Indians remained significant even when they were matched with controls for age, sex and LTPA quartile, and their LTPA was not associated ‒ or was at least less robustly associated ‒ with %BF. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of thriftiness in Asian Indians, with the weaker relationship of high LTPA and low %BF a possible path to thriftiness.</p><p class="Pa7"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(4):485-492; doi:10.18865/ed.26.4.485</p>
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Gasanov, M. Z., M. M. Batyushin, V. P. Terentyev, V. V. Khatlamadzhiyan, Yu V. Kuznetsova, and T. Yu Ryabokoneva. "The impact of chronic kidney disease on muscle tissue metabolism in patients undergoing hemodialysis." South Russian Journal of Therapeutic Practice 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2712-8156-2022-3-1-83-88.
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Objective: to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate the contribution of myostatin and mTOR to the development of muscle mass loss and strength in patients with end-stage renal disease treated with program hemodialysis. Materials and methods: the study included 80 patients with CKD5D, the average age of study participants was 51.7±11.6 years. In all patients, anamnestic data were analyzed, the results of laboratory and instrumental examination were evaluated, the levels of myostatin and mTOR in the blood serum were determined, hand dynamometry, bioimpedancemetry, and a leg raising test were performed. Results: the average volume of muscle mass in the subgroup with sarcopenia was 20.5±0.7 kg and significantly differed from that in the subgroup without sarcopenia 25.23±0.8 kg (p <0.05). The prevalence of sarcopenia in the general group was 38.75%. In men, decreased muscle mass was statistically significantly more common than among women (p <0.05). The level of mTOR in the blood serum of patients with sarcopenia was significantly lower than that in the subgroup without sarcopenia (6.61±0.4 ng/ml and 9.4±0.3 ng/ml, respectively (p <0.001)). The level of myostatin was significantly higher in the subgroup of patients with sarcopenia than without it (12.2±0.6 ng/ml vs. 8.1±0.3 ng/ml, respectively (p <0.001)). The increase in myostatin was accompanied by a decrease in mTOR both in the general group (r=-0.57) and in the subgroup of patients with sarcopenia (r=-0.55). Conclusion: A high prevalence of sarcopenia was found in patients with CKD receiving renal replacement therapy. Myostatin and mTOR have demonstrated their diagnostic potential and can be used as promising markers for the verification of sarcopenia.
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Efremushkina, A. A., Ya A. Kozhedub, and V. A. Elykomov. "Change in muscle strength of the hand flexors, muscle-to-fat ratio and walking speed in middle-aged patients living in rural areas after myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation." Kazan medical journal 100, no. 5 (October 14, 2019): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2019-785.
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Aim. To estimate in dynamics the changes in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle mass and gait rate in men with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage where daily dosed walking with individually selected frequency steps under self-control was used as a physical component.
Methods. The study included 66 men. Patients were divided into two groups comparable by age: 41 men with myocardial infarction (mean age 56.497.33 years) and 25 men with exertional angina without myocardial infarction (mean age 61.094.67 years). In all patients before and after 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation, where the physical component was represented by dosed walking, clinical and anamnestic characteristics were determined, muscle mass using bioimpedancemetry, muscle strength by wrist dynamometry, and walking speed using 6-minute walk test were measured. Statistical processing of the obtained materials was carried out by generally accepted methods.
Results. In patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, the muscle strength of the hand flexor on the right hand increased from 45.2611 daN to 46.37 daN (p=0.05) and on the left hand from 43.7811 to 43.7811 (p=0.05), absence of changes in muscle-to-fat tissue ratio 48.5 (47.7; 49.7) to 48.9 (48.5; 49.9) (p=0.08), increase in gait speed from 450 m (420; 500) to 480 m (440; 500) (p=0.05). In patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio decreased from 48.6 (47.7; 49.2) to 47.7 (46.5; 48.3) (p=0.04); gait speed decreased from 400 m (380; 431) to 390 m (350; 400) (p=0.05), the muscle strength of the hand flexors did not change (from 45.728.03 to 44.88 for the right hand (p=0.54) and from 42.1810 to 42.610 for the left hand (p=0.6).
Conclusion. After 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage, patients with myocardial infarction had a positive effect reflected by muscle strength of flexors on both hands, insignificant increase of muscle mass relative to fat tissue and increase of gait speed as opposed to patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, who had a decrease in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio and gait speed during this period of time.
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Sedov, D. S., E. A. Fedotov, and A. P. Rebrov. "Is the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide a predictor of cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients?" Kardiologiia 60, no. 10 (November 13, 2020): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2020.10.n1109.
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Aim To evaluate the role of N-terminal pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a predictor of cardiovascular events (CVE) in patients receiving programmed hemodialysis (PHD).Material and methods This study included 74 patients (men, 64.8 %) older than 18 years receiving PHD. Data were processed using mean values of standard biochemical indexes for 16 months. NT-proBNP level was measured and transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG) and bioimpedancemetry were performed at the time of inclusion into the study. Cumulative incidence of CVE for 16 months was evaluated in patients with different levels of NT-proBNP (quartile 1: <1127 pg/ml; quartile 1–4: 1127–3210 pg/ml; quartile 4: >3210 pg/ml) using the Kaplan-Meier method. For assessment of NT-proBNP as a CVE predictor, receiver operational characteristic curves (ROC curves) were constructed.Results The serum concentration of NT-proBNP was 2114.5 [1127; 3210.4] pg/ml. During 16 months, CVE were observed in 25.6 % of patients. The risk of CVE increased with increasing NT-proBNP quartile in the analysis of Kaplan-Meier curves (Log-Rank test, p=0.032). In this process, CVE did not develop in patients with NT-proBNP concentrations lower than 1127 pg/ml. The ROC analysis demonstrated a good predictive value of NT-proBNP (p=0.006, AUC 0.71, 95 % CI: 0.59–0.83). The optimum cut-off threshold of the NT-proBNP level predictive of CVE was 2093 pg/ml (sensitivity, 84.2 %, specificity, 58.2 %). CVE developed in patients with greater values of volumetric myocardial parameters, indirect signs of hyperhydration (higher predialysis sodium level and pulmonary artery systolic pressure), smaller volumes of substituate per dialysis procedure, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (p<0.05).Conclusion In patients receiving programmed extracorporeal therapy, the serum concentration of NT-proBNP was considerably higher than mean values in the general population. Apparently, serum NT-proBNP concentrations in the range of 1127–2093 pg/ml can be used as a predictor for a high risk of CVE in the dialysis population. Pronounced structural alterations of the myocardium, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and hyperhydration are the factors that provide development of CVE on PHD. Large volumes of the PHD substitution solution are associated with a lower incidence of CVE in the dialysis population.
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Kravets, O. V., V. V. Yekhalov, D. A. Krishtafor, O. O. Zozulia, O. O. Volkov, and O. O. Vlasov. "Formation of initial changes in hemodynamics and fluid compartments in high surgical risk patients under the influence of acute abdominal pathology." Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 26, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.241962.
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Among the main factors of pathological changes that accompany acute abdominal pathology are the inflammatory process of the peritoneum and fluid deficiency due to its pathological losses. The aim of our study was to analyze the initial state of fluid compartments of the body and hemodynamics in high surgical risk patients with acute surgical abdominal pathology. There were examined 157 patients with acute abdominal pathology who underwent emergency laparotomy. The presence and severity of fluid deficiency were determined clinically by tissue hydrophilicity test by P.I. Shelestiuk, biochemically – by assessing the levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, blood electrolytes, vasopressin (ADH) and brain natriuretic propeptide (proBNP), as well as the mean erythrocyte volume and plasma osmolarity. Variables of fluid compartments of the body and central hemodynamics were studied using the non-invasive bioimpedancemetry. Based on the values of oxygen concentration in arterial and venous blood, total oxygen consumption (VO2) and delivery of oxygen (DO2), oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER) were calculated. The detected changes indicate intravascular fluid deficiency and concomitant hemoconcentration with normal electrolytes levels and plasma osmolarity. In patients with high surgical risk and moderate dehydration according to P.I. Shelestiuk, urgent surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity reduces extracellular fluid volume by 19.1% (p=0.019) of the reference by reducing the volume of the interstitium and intravascular fluid respectively by 20.7% (p=0.002) and 16.3% (p=0.001) of regional values, which forms in patients a state of "volume depletion" of moderate severity. This is accompanied by an increase in the ADH concentration by 16.7% (p=0.041) above reference and normal proBNP levels. Stroke volume decreases by 28.8% (p=0.021) against tachycardia (increase in heart rate by 39.7% (p=0.001) above normal) and vascular spasm (increase in systemic vascular resistance by 86.9% (p=0.001) above reference), which supports the normodynamic type of blood circulation (cardiac index – 3.2 (0.4) l/min/m2) with the decrease in stroke index and peripheral perfusion index by 41.3% (p=0.002) and 55.2% (p=0.002) from reference, respectively. DO2 decreases by 11.1% (p=0.011) from reference with VO2 increased by 16.3% (p=0.004) above reference, which leads to a decrease in oxygen utilization by 7.2% (p=0.041) from reference.
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Gudimov, S. V., A. N. Shkrebko, I. A. Osetrov, I. E. Pleshcheev, and M. A. Kuznetsov. "The characteristic of the component body composition of athletes involved in game-based and cyclic kinds of sports." Sports medicine: research and practice 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.2.7.
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Objective: to determine a component body composition of students specializing in volleyball and athletics and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results.Materials and methods: the study was conducted at the Department of physical training and sports at the Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study included students from different groups of physical training: volleyball (10 men and 10 women), athletics (10 women) (experimental groups), and firstyear students that attended physical training classes (14 men and 16 women) (control group).Results: significant differences were revealed between the anthropometric measurements in the experimental groups of the studied women and between the results of anthropometric measurements in the female volleyball players, female athletes, and students from the control group. Significant differences were revealed in the component body composition of the studied women from the experimental and control groups. The analysis of the results of anthropometric measurements in the experimental and control groups of men did not reveal any significant differences between the parameters. Bioimpedancemetry revealed significant differences in the composition of the internal milieu of volleyball players in comparison with the control group.Conclusions: 1. differences were revealed in the component composition of the body of female athletes involved in gamebased and cyclic kinds of sport as well as in the parameters of bioimpedance of female volleyball players and the control group. Female volleyball players had higher parameters of total body fluids, intracellular and extracellular fluids, fatfree, fat, and active cell mass in comparison with female light athletes and the control group. The differences in the obtained results were more significant in the experimental groups. 2. Bioimpendance analysis of men showed significant differences in the component body composition of volleyball players in comparison with untrained students. The parameters of total body fluids, fatfree, fat, and active cell mass in sportsmen exceeded the same parameters in the control group. 3. Differences were established in the anthropometric parameters depending on the sportoriented specialization of female students. Female volleyball players had higher values of mass, length, body weight index, and body surface area, the circumferences of the pelvis, thighs, and wrists in comparison with the results obtained in female light athletes. Similar differences were revealed in the anthropometric parameters of female volleyball players and students from the control group. Significantly lower values of the body weight index, circumference of the chest and pelvis of female athletes were registered in comparison with students from the control group. Male volleyball players did not have significant differences in the anthropometric parameters. They tended to have an increase in the body mass, length and surface area of the body, circumference of the chest, thighs, and wrists.
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Белкина, E. Belkina, Кузнецова, and T. Kuznecova. "Bioimpedancemetry in assessment of nutritive status of schoolchildren of Orel region." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal, July 17, 2017, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_596c5cb0422fb8.04230572.
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"Биоимпедансометрия: достижения и клинические возможности (обзор литературы)." Dalʹnevostočnyj medicinskij žurnal, no. 2 (June 2020): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35177/1994-5191-2020-2-86-95.
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The article provides a review of the literature on the results of current studies on using bioimpedancemetry in clinical practice. The analysis of available domestic and foreign sources published for the past decade illustrates the practicability and broad possibilities of studying the electrical resistance of biological tissues and environments in a wide variety of medical fields. The majority of works deal with the study of practical value of the method for characterizing the nutritional status as one of the indicators of a complex assessment of physical development and human health, early detection of pathology of organs and systems, a reliable criterion for the effectiveness of therapy and prognosis of the disease. The works presented in the review characterize bioimpedance measurement as a promising method of preventive diagnostics that indisputable advantages include noninvasiveness and painlessness of the procedure, portability, and the possibility of safe repetition of the study in dynamics that is especially important in pediatric practice. The authors suggest to include this method in the standards of population survey in order to assess the health status and its monitoring.
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Kocherha, Z. R., I. S. Nedostup, B. M. Pavlykivska, L. L. Fedyshyn, M. Y. Tkachuk, and B. N. Tkach. "OBESITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND BIOIMPEDANSOMETRY IN MODERN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Art of Medicine, October 6, 2021, 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/artm.2021.3.19.139.
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The review presents current literature data on the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in children. According to the WHO’s prognosis, over 25% of children will be overweight and obese and about 7% of children will have metabolic syndrome in Europe by 2025. Long-lasting improper diet combined with reduced physical activity, with daily caloric food value exceeding vital energy requirements, is the main cause of excess body weight and obesity. It has been presented new, never-before-seen, properties of adipose tissue being the largest endocrine organ, which contains receptors for many hormones and produces its own peptide hormones-adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, etc.). It has been indicated that patients suffering from obesity and metabolic syndrome have impaired incretin effect (glucose-dependent insulin stimulation, decreased glucagon secretion) in response to the action of incretin hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) caused by acquired receptor defects . It has been noted that differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into two pools of cells (Myf5-positive and Myf5-negative) is subsequently completed with their transformation into white, brown and previously unknown beige adipose tissue. Metabolically healthy obesity, the phenotype of which is mainly due to the gene expression in the CNS, and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity, the phenotype of which is due to the expression of peripheral tissue genes, are the most common phenotypes of polygenic obesity. It has been emphasized that Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity is considered by some authors to be the modernized name of the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is known to be pathogenetically associated with obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been noted that until recently there were no uniform criteria for determining the metabolic syndrome in children. Nowadays, researchers keep to the criteria for Metabolically Unhealthy Оbesity in children, recommended by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinologists (AACE / ACE), 2014; and the European Society of Endocrinologists (ESE) and the Pediatric Endocrinology Society (PES), 2017. Early diagnosis and timely correction of obesity and metabolic syndrome is impossible without modern innovative medical technologies. The use of bioimpedancemetry for the diagnosis of total fat, visceral fat and metabolic age makes it possible to accurately diagnose visceral obesity, which is not recognized by body mass index, and timely administer a personalized lifestyle correction. Consequently, the widespread introduction of bioimpedancemetric analysis in paediatric practice will facilitate the early primary and secondary prophylaxis and development of comprehensive personalized treatment programs for obesity and metabolic syndrome in children.
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Boiko, Olha, and Viktoriia Rodionova. "MO083: Phenotypes of Patients With Combined Hypertension and COPD Depending on Renal Function." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 37, Supplement_3 (May 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfac133.004.
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Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic kidney disease and hypertension are closely linked to cause and effect. Patients with COPD, in turn, have a 1.61 times higher risk of developing CKD than patients without COPD, after adjusting for clinical risk factors. Comorbidity of hypertension and COPD contributes to a greater decrease in renal function. The aim of this study was to identify the phenotypes of patients with a combined course of hypertension and COPD using cluster analysis. METHOD In a one-time study, 32 patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary were examined. Patients of three groups underwent general clinical examination, collected complaints, tested on the questionnaires of mMRC and CAT, determined nutritional status by anthropometric study and bioimpedancemetry, conducted daily monitoring of blood pressure and ventilatory function, assessed the functional state of the kidneys by laboratory examination of blood. Statistical methods were used, including cluster analysis, using the "Statistics" program. RESULTS During the cluster analysis in patients with combined hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 5 large clusters of clinical and laboratory data of patients were identified. Cluster 1: male and female patients with COPD and hypertension, middle age 43 (1,2) years, smokers. The average duration of COPD is 10 years, hypertension is 20 years. Results for CAT-9, mMRC: 1, the number of exacerbations of COPD per year: 2. The average content of adipose tissue: 22.7% of muscle tissue: 36%, visceral fat: 9%. BMI: 29.5 kg/m2. FEV1: 49%, GFR: 68 ml/min. Cluster 2: male and female patients with COPD and hypertension, middle age 61 (1,3) years, smokers. The average duration of COPD is 27.5 years, and hypertension is 20 years. Results for CAT: 13.5, mMRC: 2.5, the number of exacerbations of COPD per year: 1. The average content of adipose tissue: 31.4% of muscle tissue: 30.4%, visceral fat: 17.5%. BMI: 31.3 kg/m2. FEV1: 44%, GFR: 63 mL/min. Cluster 3: male and female patients with COPD and hypertension, middle age 61 (1,3) years, smokers. The average duration of COPD is 13 years, and hypertension is 5 years. Results for CAT: 12.5, mMRC: 1.5, the number of exacerbations of COPD per year: 1. The average content of adipose tissue: 20.6% of muscle tissue: 34.3%, visceral fat: 7.0%. BMI: 23.9 kg/m2. FEV1: 32%, GFR: 58 ml/min. Cluster 4: male and female patients with COPD and hypertension, middle age 61 (1,3) years, smokers. The average duration of COPD is 10 years, and hypertension is 20 years. Results for CAT: 9.0, mMRC: 1, the number of exacerbations of COPD per year: 1. The average content of adipose tissue: 41.3% of muscle tissue: 28.6%, visceral fat: 11.0%. BMI: 35.0 kg/m2. FEV1: 80%, GFR: 81 mL/min. Cluster 5: male and female patients with COPD and hypertension, mean age 58.5 (1.2) years, smokers. The average duration of COPD is 27.5 years, and hypertension is 20 years. Results for CAT: 8.5, mMRC: 1.5, the number of exacerbations of COPD per year: 1.5. The average content of adipose tissue is 36.7% of muscle tissue: 30.5%, visceral fat: 13%. BMI: 30.1 kg/m2. FEV1: 61%, GFR: 77 mL/min. CONCLUSION Cluster analysis allows to identify five clusters of patients with combined hypertension and COPD, which can be combined into two phenotypes: with greater bronchial obstruction and lower GFR, and with less bronchial obstruction and greater GFR.