To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Bioethics.
Journal articles on the topic 'Bioethics'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Bioethics.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hubenko, Hanna. "Structuring Bioethics Education: Building Bioethical Potential, Experience, Practice." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 26, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2020-26-2-8.
Full textAbstract:
The article is divided into the following main blocks: initiatives of bioethics` capacity building; practices and experiences in the bioethicist`s work. The article aims to investigate the structuring possibilities of bioethical education, and the model of integrative bioethics is seen in this context as a promising device/tool. The figure-scheme, created by the author, shows 2 bioethics' growth lines - educational, as a formal (institutional) line and societal, as informal (cultural) one. In describing the lines, the author has identified the main aspects of influence: the cultural aspect (a); the political aspect (c); the humanistic aspect / human capital (c). In the educational (formal) sphere the following areas of activity were described - school, education, interdisciplinary programs in bioethics. In societal (informal) - experience of participation of community organizations in the creation of projects and grant activities of bioethicists. Hereof the following blocks were discussed - Bioethicist as an activist; Role of bioethicist as a translator, agent of change. Education through bioethics and public discussion of bioethical issues is what can be called a «circle of integrity». Bioethics education prepares community members to deal with ethically challenging issues by providing them with the skills to address ethical challenges in the everyday routine of one community.
Bioethics capacity building was reviewed through the creation of a professional network of bioethics experts and their educational programmes - the Integrative Platform of Bioethics (InPlatBio). A network of bioethicists and stakeholders provides a learning-friendly environment. Both - networks and the development of links with different informal organisations and associations are important for essential communicative skills. The use of online courses, webinars is a modern source of information on the development of bioethics in Ukraine as well as in European countries.
2
Смирнов, К. С. "Bioethics as deconstruction." Bioethics 15, no. 1 (May 16, 2022): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2070-1586-2022-15-1-19-23.
Full textAbstract:
The paradoxical perspective of bioethics supposing its explication as deconstruction is analysed in the article. The evolution of the program of deconstruction and its unexpected convergence with bioethical discourse is traced. Moreover, this discourse as itself can be considered as deconstruction of ethical thought. Bioethics in this case comes out as radicalization of ethics. Such kind of radicalization is necessary versus logocentric pressure and imposed consideration of human from the standpoint of so-called life sciences. Radicalization of ethics reveals insolvency of the liberal form of bioethics, reducing human essence to the totality of biological and social needs. At the same time conservative bioethics demonstrates heuristic potential coming from unique human ability for transcendence. Further, the logic of the development of bioethics allows to introduce the idea of bioethos as rhizomic, horizontal structure capable to become the alternative to the logocentric directons.
3
Sass, Hans-Martin. "Bioethik – Bioethics." Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte 56 (February 19, 2015): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.28937/9783787336685_9.
Full text
4
Kazeem, Fayemi Ademola, and Akintunde Folake Adeogun. "On the myth called 'African Bioethics': further reflections on Segun Gbadegesin's account." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 3, no. 3 (November 9, 2012): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v3i3.12558.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines, and further reflects, on Segun Gbadegesins position on the question of African bioethics. In an attempt to situate bioethical discourse within the garb of cultural appropriateness, Gbadegesin gives an African perspective of bioethics by exploring the attitudes of the Yoruba people (an example of an African culture) towards bioethical issues. Through this, he calls for a transcultural bioethics, which will underscore the universality of bioethics without undermining the significance of cultural identities. This paper challenges as a myth?, the assumptions and positions of Gbadegesin in his recent discourse on African bioethics. By raising and adducing reasons to fundamental questions (such as: How authentic is Gbadegesins reportage on the Yoruba attitude to bioethical issues? How plausible is the possibility of a universal/global bioethics that is anchored on the recognition of all cultures in bioethical discourse? Is there a distinctive African bioethics? If yes, what is the nature of such an inquiry? What are the bioethical principles employed in solving bioethical issues in African culture?), this paper defends the position that there is not yet an African bioethics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v3i3.12558 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2012; 3(3):4-11
5
Parker, Lisa S. "INFORMATION(AL) MATTERS: BIOETHICS AND THE BOUNDARIES OF THE PUBLIC AND THE PRIVATE." Social Philosophy and Policy 19, no. 2 (July 2002): 83–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052502192041.
Full textAbstract:
In this essay, I argue that the way American bioethics has traditionally conceived of the distinction between public and private has given rise to some ethically problematic blind spots in its analyses to date. Furthermore, I argue that bioethics's view of the public and private spheres has reinforced a shortsighted view of bioethics's analytical sphere of influence. In particular, it has led bioethics to conceptualize issues largely from the perspective of health professionals, eschewing analyses of the problems of health and health information that patients and their intimates face outside of professional relationships and traditional health-care settings. It has also led some bioethical analyses to reflect, and to some degree reinforce, relationships of power that they might instead challenge.
6
Bryzgalina, Elena V. "Digital Bioethics: Disciplinary Status between Tradition and Computation." Voprosy Filosofii, no. 1 (2023): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2023-1-94-103.
Full textAbstract:
The article highlights and analyzes the concept of “digital bioethics” as the use of digital methods for empirical research in bioethical discourse. The leader of bioethical research in Russia, Boris Grigoryevich Yudin, predicted an expansion of the range of social technologies that ensure effective public participation in the discussion and solution of problems in the field of science and technology. The spread of bioethical discourse in the digital space caused the formation of the concept of “digital bioethics”. The concept of “digital bioethics” has not been used so far in the Russian research literature, however, a number of topics discussed by Russian authors are close to the various aspects that digital bioethics draws attention to in its disciplinary formulation. Digital formats for understanding complex ethical issues in the public space, without canceling analogous forms of bioethical discussions, give rise to a new reality of bioethical discourse, which becomes the subject of digital bioethics using digital methods of empirical bioethical research. At the same time, there is no change in the understanding of the subject of bioethics. Digital methods of data collection and analysis contribute to the development of empirical bioethics through attention to the subjective experience of an individual and social groups, reflected in public discussions in the digital space, and can also describe the digital landscape of the operation of bioethical principles.
7
Hubenko, Anna. "Models Integrative Bioethics in Different Countries." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 19, no. 2 (December 23, 2016): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2016-19-2-206-217.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of integrated bioethics is popular in the different countries and it is united by the common idea about need of a discussion in the field of bioethics, in different sectors of society. The essential part of this concept is the vision of «bioethics» by Fritz Jar (1927) and his bioethical imperative. The article of this researcher, which was found only in 1997, extends a new format of the bioethical ideas, and also possibilities of understanding of bioethics as integrated entity. The review of scientific groups in Croatia and Germany has revealed a variety of approaches, views of bioethics, and also has brought us to a cooperative image of the solution of problems in education in a general sense and in the sphere of bioethical education.
In a concept of bioethics «integrative» is attempt to establish a discourse of various points of view. Providing various positions, the integrated bioethics can give orientation for people who face an ethical/bioethical perspective. Therefore in integrative bioethics the idea of to accept various points of view, without any form of hierarchy is active, but also without falling into an ethical relativism. Important aspect is also the fact that discussion of these questions generates sensitivity of society to these questions.
8
Mayer, Johannes Gottfried. "Bioethik und bioethics." Perspektiven der Philosophie 25 (1999): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pdp19992512.
Full text
9
PUSTOVIT, Svitlana, and Liudmyla PALIEI. "Global bioethics in european context." Filosofska dumka (Philosophical Thought) -, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fd2024.02.117.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyses the foundations and principles of global bioethics in the European ethical, legal and philosophical contexts. An analysis of European bioethics shows that there are at least three modern models of European bioethics: bioethics as metaethics; bioethics as biolaw; bioethics as applied biomedical ethics. European bioethics originates in the global bioethics of V.R. Potter and F. Jahr, and encompasses not only moral issues of medicine and public health, but also global environmental and social problems. In this context, the convergence of the natural and the human is seen as a rehabilitation of practical philosophy, a further study and development of the principles of practical reason, understood by analogy with the objective laws of nature. The study of constitutions, legislative and legal regulations of European countries has revealed a variety of bioethical principles in the field of biomedicine. However, at the level of legislation in biomedicine, there is a certain influence of the American model of bioethics, biomedical ethics, which is manifested in the principlism methodology and the weak connection between medical and environmental issues. Global bioethics in the European context is characterized by an intensification of bioethical reflection, social relationships and legislative activity in biomedicine within pan-European structures, such as the European Council and the European Union. The defining feature of global bioethics as a phenomenon of European culture and ethos is that its principles can be “activated” only as a semantic and logical integrity. Bioethical principles serve as a kind of harmonising factor of European biopolitics.
10
Puzyreva, L. O., and S. Yu Zhdanova. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE STUDY OF BIOETHICAL CONSCIOUSNESS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 31, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2021-31-1-39-44.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents a theoretical analysis of the history of the formation and existence of a relatively new branch of scientific knowledge - bioethics - at the present stage of its development. Different approaches to the definition of the causes and prerequisites for the emergence of bioethics are analyzed. The key events of the social, moral, ethical and scientific life of society that have influenced the emergence and identification of the direction of bioethics are indicated. The relevance and importance of bioethics in the modern world is demonstrated. The authors of the article have analyzed existing materials on this problem and identified a number of significant problems, the solution of which is currently being addressed by researchers of bioethical issues of our time. Moreover, the article presents a theoretical analysis of such important concepts of bioethics as bioethical consciousness, bioethical upbringing and education. The main and most important functions of bioethical consciousness are highlighted. It is shown that bioethical upbringing and education is becoming extremely important today for the training of highly qualified specialists of any profile.
11
Alamgir, Wajiha, Aroosa Ashraf, Rabia Naseer, Shanzay Tariq, Faheem Abrar, and Salman Rashid. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practical Implementation of Bioethical Principles among Dental Professionals." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 10 (October 30, 2021): 2637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115102637.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: To analyze the level of awareness, knowledge and attitude towards bioethics among dental professionals and practical implementation of bioethical principles in their dental practice.. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional, pre-validated questionnaire based research was conducted at four dental teaching institutions of Lahore, Pakistan. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Results: Majority of the respondents 167(60.7%) were graduates having desirable knowledge and awareness of term “BIOETHICS”. It was appreciative that contributors had a positive perspective about the role of bioethics and have accepted its worth in their daily lives. A greater proportion 117(50.9%) of the participants gave opinion that full description of risks and benefits should be stated in informed consent. The fact that most of the respondents are dedicated to learn more about bioethics was endured out by present data as 224(81.5%) were of the opinion that bioethics should be a part of curriculum at undergraduate level. The survey specified that organ donation and abortion are considered as most critical bioethical issues. Conclusion: Dental fraternity has a fair knowledge of term ‘Bioethics’ and trend is seen towards practical implementation of principles of bioethics. Many domains of bioethics are still under debate because responses were influenced by cultural and religious norms. There is a dire need of development of innovative educational initiatives of ethics related to clinical/ technical issues, practice management, and social/ civic controversies. Keywords: Bioethics, Practical Implementation, Bioethical principles, Human rights, Confidentiality
12
Martins, Alexandre A. "Theological Bioethics and Public Health from the Margins." National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 22, no. 2 (2022): 239–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ncbq202222222.
Full textAbstract:
This essay examines the development of a liberation bioethics in Latin America with its focus on public health equity from the experience and knowledge of those who are at the margins, the poor and historically oppressed groups. An encounter between bioethics and liberation theology contributed to form a Latin American bioethics marked by a double aspect: bioethical scholarly focus on public health equity and social activism for universal healthcare coverage. Liberation theology has a role in this bioethics oriented to public health, and Pope Francis offers a new contribution for this perspective at the same time that he brings it to a global discussion. Considering the exchange between liberation theology and bioethics and Francis’s insights, this essay offers a new perspective grounded in the Brazilian experiment and the Catholic social tradition to dialogue with US bioethical accounts by challenging the Western epistemological framework of bioethical studies in the Global North.
13
Padela, Aasim. "Methodological and Discursive Considerations for Islamic Bioethics Research and Writing." TAFHIM: IKIM Journal of Islam and the Contemporary World 16, no. 1 (June 28, 2023): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56389/tafhim.vol16no1.2.
Full textAbstract:
The past two decades have witnessed a substantial interest in Islamic bioethics research and writing. As more papers are published and a greater number of conferences are held, it is important to reflect on the concepts and concerns that frame the emerging discourse and its nascent academic literature. Accordingly, this paper begins by reflecting on the term Islamic bioethics and the motivations that spur Islamic bioethical deliberation. In so doing, it calls for paying attention to the normative and methodological implications of uniting the disparate discourses represented by the conjunctive term. To further assist consumers in distinguishing various types of Islamic bioethics research and writing, three general categories of scholarly work—Islamic bioethics, Muslim bioethics, and applied Islamic bioethics—are introduced. Next, the paper outlines several lacunae in the extant academic Islamic bioethics literature that emerge from an incomplete engagement with the foundations, elements, and nature of contemporary bioethics discourse. Finally, in order to advance the field and better engage with contemporary bioethical questions, the paper closes by underscoring the need for Islamic bioethics research and writing to become multidisciplinary and involve multilevel ethical analysis.
14
Janvier, Nzayikorera. "Healthcare Bioethics: A Vital Branch of Bioethics and a New Possible Pillar for Modern Healthcare Systems Strengthening Worldwide." Journal of Community Medicine and Health Solutions 4, no. 2 (September 5, 2023): 063–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jcmhs.1001037.
Full textAbstract:
Globally, all people deserve the highest level of respect for their dignity, rights, and health. Bioethics has been recognized as a powerful discipline that aims to ensure such respect. Fritz Jar (1895–1953) and Van Rensselar Potter (1911–2001) will remain heroic men who ushered in the existence of the discipline of bioethics. Bioethics has been recognized as the science of survival and a bridge to the future. Thus, bioethics aims to enrich people’s wisdom. Wisdom is the knowledge of how to use knowledge for human survival and improvement in the quality of life. Worldwide, all people must widely possess such knowledge. Unfortunately, after many years of existence, implementing the principles and goals of bioethics remains centralized and confined to academic fields. Due to its centralized status, few branches of bioethics have been recognized. Besides, both pre-standard and standard practices still exist in the field of bioethics. Healthcare bioethical principles have been mentioned in numerous publications. However, healthcare bioethics has not been recognized as a vital branch of bioethics. The lack of well-established healthcare bioethics hinders strategies for eradicating many of the ephemeral and heuristic approaches that are still obstructing the achievement of optimum health status for numerous people worldwide. Integrating bioethical principles in all healthcare sectors in decentralized manners would lead to the existence of healthcare bioethics. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe healthcare bioethics as a vital branch of bioethics with respect to its description, branches, core principles, functions, system components, and pre-standard and standard practices of healthcare bioethics.
15
Ladas, Ioannis. "Expanding Engelhardt’s cogitation: Claim for Panorthodox Bioethics." Conatus 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/conatus.19397.
Full textAbstract:
In June 2018 the Texan philosopher and distinguished bioethicist Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. crossed the great divide to meet his maker, as he would probably put it. His work remains till now the most systematic effort to fully revise Bioethics based on the doctrines of the Orthodox Christian theology, while it is also apreciseaccount ofEthics and Bioethics in the “after God” era. Engelhardt was anexcellent master of ancient Greek, medieval, western and eastern philosophy, and after heconverted from the Roman Catholic to the Eastern Orthodox Church – officially the Orthodox Catholic Church – he indulged in the works of the Holy Fathers andbecame greatly influenced by them. This is clearlymanifest in his views and continuous reference to Fathers and Ecclesiastical Writers. His conversion crucially influenced not only his bioethical views, but also his entire philosophical system. This magnificent journey obviously turned the Texan philosopher into a true Theologist – not in the academic sense, but in the one the Orthodox Catholic Church accepts, according to which “a Theologist is a person of God, from God, before God and speaks to praise God”. Engelhardt was not the first to deal with bioethical issues under the spectrum of Orthodox Theology, but he was the first to unravel both secular and Western-Church Bioethics and suggest a totally different version of Bioethicsbased on the principles of Orthodox ethics, the ceremonial and esoteric life of the Orthodox Church, having previously made himself a true communicant of both the paternal tradition and dogmatic teaching.
16
Lubet, Alex. "The Bioethics of Music, the Music of Bioethics." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2015.4045.
Full textAbstract:
Bioethics is rarely referenced in the scholarship of performing arts medicine (PAM). This essay argues that bioethical concerns loom far larger in the care of PAM patients than might typically be understood. This essay presents Beauchamp and Childress’s four principles of bioethics, with examples pertinent to PAM, drawn from the author’s research and personal experience.
17
Čović, Ante. "THE EUROPEANIZATION OF BIOETHICS: OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATIVE ETHICAL REFLECTION ON THE BASIS OF INTRA-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN EUROPE." Facta Universitatis, Series: Law and Politics 15, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fulp1702111c.
Full textAbstract:
The article represents a reconstruction of theoretical framework in which the concept of integrative bioethics has been developed, as well as a verification of the idea of Europeanization of bioethics which has been sketched and postulated at the beginning of the comprehensive international project of establishing and instituializing the bioethical cooperation, mainly in the region of Southeast Europe. This idea found its firm foothold in the concept of integrative bioethics and in the discovery of the work of Fritz Jahr, which contributed to establishing the concept of European bioethics. Compositionally seen, this article is the result of synthesis of programmatic ideas presented in the initial phase of the above mentioned bioethical project, and ideas which represent the final point of it.
18
Lisenco, Vladlena. "Bioethics and human rights: international legal regulation and the role of international organizations." National Law Journal, no. 1(249) (November 2023): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1811-0770.2023.1(249).06.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with general debatable issues in the field of bioethics and bioethical law, discusses the guidelines of international organizations on the appointment, principles of organization and functioning of ethical committees on bioethics of various types. Short research includes a legal analysis of the activities of international organizations on issues of protection of human rights in the field of biomedical research. Analyzed and proposed сclassification of bioethics ethics committees according to the level at which they operate, according to the tasks to be solved, according to the level of coverage (national, regional, local), the degree of development of bioethics ethics committees in the Republic of Moldova. The role of international non-governmental organizations in the regulation of bioethical issues.
19
Imwinkelried, Edward J. "Expert Testimony by Ethicists: What Should be the Norm?" Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 33, no. 2 (2005): 198–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2005.tb00487.x.
Full textAbstract:
The term, “bioethics” was coined in 1970 by American cancerologist V. R. Potter. In the few decades since, the field of bioethics has emerged as an important discipline. The field has attained a remarkable degree of public recognition in a relatively short period of time. The “right to die” cases such as In re Quinlan placed bioethical issues on the front pages. Although the discipline is of recent vintage, the past quarter century has witnessed a flurry of scholarly activity, creating a substantial body of bioethical literature. Moreover, the bioethics movement has manifested itself in institutional expressions. Universities and medical schools have added courses in bioethics to their curricula. In 1974, federal legislation and regulations mandated that federal grantees conducting human subjects research establish institutional review boards to safeguard subjects’ welfare, and even absent a legislative mandate numerous hospitals created ethics committees. Centers and institutes, devoted exclusively to the study of bioethical issues, have been founded.
20
Hubenko, Аnna. "Integrative Pedagogical Bioethics as Prospect of Educational Discourse." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 19, no. 2 (December 23, 2016): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2016-19-2-271-274.
Full textAbstract:
The given article is devoted to author's impressions about The Sixth National Congress from Bioethics, which took place in Kyiv on 27-29 September, 2016. Reveals the theme of the plenary and breakout sessions of Congress, which was devoted to discussion of topical issues related to the development of new biomedical technologies and nanotechnology; legal structures in the field of bioethics; bioethical education and training; environmental bioethics; philosophical generalizations contemporary issues of bioethics. The members of the Congress are identified including generally domestic and foreign specialists: scientists, medicians, biologists, philosophers, lawyers, psychologists, educators, representatives of different religious confessions, practitioners and social workers. Updated transdisciplinary nature of modern bioethics. It is analyzed as different areas of bioethics differentiated education. The author calls for a creative rethinking of the structure and methodology of bioethics. Implementation and development of integrative pedagogical bioethics allow Ukraine to become a leader in the development of bioethics to make a qualitative leap in education reform in general.
21
BAKER, ROBERT. "Bioethics and Human Rights: A Historical Perspective." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 10, no. 3 (June 29, 2001): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180101003048.
Full textAbstract:
Bioethics and human rights were conceived in the aftermath of the Holocaust, when moral outrage reenergized the outmoded concepts of “medical ethics” and “natural rights,” renaming them “bioethics,” and “human rights” to give them new purpose. Originally, the principles of bioethics were a means for protecting human rights, but through a historical accident, bioethical principles came to be considered as fundamental. In this paper I reflect on the parallel development and accidental divorce of bioethics and human rights to urge their reconciliation.
22
Hubenko, Hanna, and Iva Rinčić. "Interview with Associate Professor of Rijeka University Iva Rinčić." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 24, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2019-24-1-242-247.
Full textAbstract:
Interview with associate professor Iva Rincic feels like meeting a close-minded person on a very long journey. Meet and feel that you are “on the same page”. What is urban bioethics? How is it different from bioethics in general? What is this “Project on Bioethical Urban Life Standards: The City as the Basis for Ethics Life”? – are the main points laid down in the conversation.
So, during the interview, you will find out that despite the fact that bioethics is perceived as a modern version of biomedical ethics, originally it covers a much wider area of interest. Bioethics implies moral obligations of people not only to each other, but also to everything living (animals and plants) (F. Jahr (1926)). This is the science of survival (V. R. Potter (1971)). If we see bioethics in this way, then urban life is necessary as a (bio) ethical object, purpose and scope, and "the city as a living creature that is constantly growing and transforming." Within the framework of the project the main goal is to create a list of urban bioethics standards. In order to activate the mechanism of urban bioethics, Iva talks about such valuable characteristics of local people as Responsibility, Committment, Awareness, Trust, Belonging.
The project “European Bioethics in Action” fed into the list of bioethical standards. Iva Rincic also presented a list of 97 standards that determine relationships between animals, plants, people and environment. Further this list will be simplified for residents of the city. Iva wants all citizens to be included in these lists. She is also sure that this is the only way to have a rather bright tool to achieve bioethical city in the future.
23
Брызгалина, Елена Владимировна. "DIGITAL BIOETHICS AS DIGITAL HEALTH ETHICS." ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, no. 1(35) (January 31, 2023): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2023-1-9-29.
Full textAbstract:
Распространение биоэтического дискурса в цифровое пространство и формирование этических проблем цифрового здравоохранения вызвали формирование концепта «цифровая биоэтика». В статье анализируется цифровая биоэтика, понимаемая как этика цифрового здравоохранения, отличающаяся от понимания цифровой биоэтики как использования цифровых методов сбора и анализа данных для описания цифрового ландшафта биоэтического дискурса и действия биоэтических принципов. Задачей цифровой биоэтики, понимаемой как этика цифрового здравоохранения, является анализ взаимозависимости технологий цифрового здравоохранения и социальных практик. Ее предмет выходит за пределы биоэтического дискурса по поводу создания и применения цифровых технологий для медицинских целей и включает изучение влияния цифровых систем на распространение таких ценностей, как общественное благополучие, социальная справедливость, солидарность, а также на связь ценностей с инфраструктурой и интересами акторов здравоохранения. Цифровая биоэтика как этика цифрового здравоохранения не разрабатывает отдельных методов анализа, в отличие от цифровой биоэтики, понимаемой как использование цифровых методов исследования социальных репрезентаций биоэтического дискурса в открытом цифровом пространстве. Перспективы развития цифровой биоэтики связаны с развитием эмпирической и нормативистской традиций биоэтического дискурса, проходящего в аналоговом и цифровом форматах. Особенности функционирования биоэтических институций в цифровом пространстве также должны быть дополнительно описаны. Отдельной задачей становится комплексное междисциплинарное обсуждение этических проблем различных проявлений цифрового мира (биоэтика, этика искусственного интеллекта, алгорэтика). Personalized medicine development includes an active use of digital products and tools for diagnosing, treating and monitoring health. This phenomenon generates such digital-related concepts as “digital health,” “Digital Medicine,” “Digital Therapeutics,” or “Digital Wellness.” Digital health includes tele- and algorithmic medicine, e-health, and mobile health. Bioethics represents a research area and social institution. Bioethics should increase the ethical support for bioethical choice subjects in the context of the social practices’ transformation in personal and public health. The article highlights the features of the subject and methodology interpretation; indicates the prospects for the development of digital bioethics. This article describes digital bioethics as digital health ethics. This interpretation differs from the understanding of digital bioethics as a field of using digital methods of empirical research. The research subject is social relations regarding confidentiality, truthfulness, trust, justice, and accountability. The entire social system is involved in the bioethical analysis, since the ethical issues of digital health are considered in a wide context of social dynamics, economic interactions, and political governance. Thus, digital bioethics is close to biopolitics. Digital bioethics uses several approaches. It refers to certain ethical theories to evaluate the results of the digital health technologies’ use. It considers different digital health-related situations through bioethical principles. It also describes the ethical harm in the digital technologies’ creation and integration in healthcare. Ethical issues are related to the social mechanisms in which they are created and used. The moral dilemmas’ resolution is seen as power relations’ manifestation. Digital bioethics analyzes the policy of various healthcare actors, the dependence of digital health on communication infrastructure and economic influence. Digital bioethics proposes to address treatment depersonalization and anonymization which represent the consequences of health and disease datafication. Digital bioethics complements empirical description of digital health practices and public health policies. On the one hand, digital bioethics is a field of digital methods’ application for studying bioethical discourse in the digital space. Thus, digital bioethics digitizes analog methods and additionally develops digital analysis methods. On the other hand, digital bioethics is defined as digital health ethics, and does not pay attention to the development of its own research methods. These two interpretations are interconnected. According to digital bioethics, ethically acceptable futures are the basis for management decisions in healthcare. This fact enhances a comprehensive transdisciplinary description of digital ethical foundations and ethical regulation mechanisms. Bioethics, algoretics, artificial intelligence ethics, engineering ethics, business ethics, political ethics, and other manifestations of applied ethics can be combined into a unique research complex and form a common mechanism for social and humanitarian innovations’ expertise. Prospects for the digital bioethics’ development should be comprehended through the empirical and normative traditions, the correlation of analog and digital discourses of bioethics, as well as the peculiarities of the bioethical institutions’ functioning in the digital space.
24
BALATSOU, MARIA, and KOSTAS THEOLOGOU. "Promoting Bioethical Literacy in Primary Education: The European Reality and the Case of Greece." International Journal of Childhood Education 2, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ijce.v2i4.188.
Full textAbstract:
The development of biotechnology during the last decades brings societies and policymakers a fresh view on how to communicate and manage the biotechnological knowledge and ethical aspects that arise, concurrently. During the era of biotechnological accomplishments and globalization, a new field of ethics arises, the field of Bioethics. It aims to balance between the dangers that emerge because of the implementation of biotechnological accomplishments on human life and their benefits. With the promotion of Bioethics education, everyone has to realize his personality, his mentality, his citizenship, and his connection to others. Many educational institutes worldwide embody bioethical courses for their students and an adequate number of curricula have been created for this purpose. Researchers and educators accord with the necessity of public ethical and bioethical literacy already from elementary school. At the same time in many seminars organized by the Committees on Bioethics, the appropriateness of teaching Bioethics primarily is presented and organizations worldwide support the introduction of Bioethics courses in the curricula. The majority of European countries have incorporated ethics and bioethics courses into their curricula for Primary Education. Greece amongst other countries is the exception to that rule. The goal of this dissertation is to convince the local education policymakers about the importance of Bioethics education so to include ethics and bioethics courses in the Greek educational system, in all grades and especially in elementary school, based on the necessity for the creation of educated future citizens for the country and the world.
25
Chu, Min Sun, and Yoon Young Hwang. "Subjectivity about Bioethics among Nursing Students with Experience Volunteering in Elderly Care Facilities." Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2018.24.1.50.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This study aims to determine the bioethical subjectivity of nursing students with experience volunteering in elderly care facilities, and the characteristics that comprise the types thereof. Methods: Q methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type, was used. The 37 selected Q statements from 32 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The survey revealed that the bioethical subjectivity of nursing students with experience volunteering in elderly care facilities can be divided into three types: a rational dignity emphasis, an autonomous right to life belief, and conflict avoidance. All three attitudes regard human beings as possessing dignity, and life and death as elements to be experienced as aspects of human life. Bioethical values are critical to treatment and care; however, it is sometimes also held that humans have the right to commit suicide. Conclusion: This study enhanced our awareness of nursing students' bioethics. The findings can be used as a basis for the design of differentiated bioethics education according to each type of bioethical subjectivity. This calls for diverse research on bioethics and the implementation of effective bioethics education.
26
Choi, Mi Sun. "Effectiveness of Personalist Bioethics Education Program for Nurses." Catholic Institute of Bioethics 13, no. 2 (July 31, 2023): 33–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35230/pb.2023.13.2.33.
Full textAbstract:
This study has been attempted to verify the effectiveness of the education program developed for improving nurses’ consciousness of bioethics. The education program is a Personalist Bioethics Education Program(PBEP) consisting of 2 hours a week for 4 weeks and a total of 8 hours in 4 sessions. Verification of the effectiveness of the bioethical consciousness training program was conducted under the approval of the relevant agency IRB. The design of the study was a mixed study method applied together with studies of non-equivalent experimental group and control group pre-test and post-test design and qualitative research to analyze the content of reflective writing of participants. The subjects of the study were nurses with clinical experience of more than one year and less than 10 years, and 26 were in an experimental group and 28 were in a control group. Kim Seung-ju's bioethics consciousness scale was used. The data collection ran from Sep. 25 to Dec. 10. 2019, and the experimental group was provided with a program to promote bioethical consciousness. The quantitative data collected were analyzed for the differences between the experimental group and the control group using the SPSS 21.0 program as analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), and the results showed that the experimental group participating in the bioethical consciousness training program significantly increased the consciousness of bioethics (F=12.184, p=.001, ηp2= .193). In conclusion, the Personalist Bioethics Education Program can be presented as a strategic practice to firmly establish values related to bioethics so that nurses can make the right decisions at clinical sites that face complex and diverse bioethics issues.
27
Vetrov, Vladimir. "The relationship between normative and empirical elements in bioethical reasoning." Polylogos 7, no. 4 (26) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s258770110029267-5.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the internal structure of bioethics in terms of the relationship between its normative and empirical elements. It is shown that bioethical research is subject to the epistemological specificity that is characteristic of applied ethics in general: there is a certain difficulty in the theoretical representation of the transition from the analysis of empirical data to normative conclusions. It is suggested that W.R. Potter's initial characterisation of bioethics as a "bridge" between facts and values needs to be clarified and supplemented with information about the logical and epistemological mechanisms that enable the transition from facts to values, from empirical data to normative findings, and from the real to the proper. The key objective of the research presented in this article is to identify (changing at different stages of bioethics development) the relationship between normative and empirical elements of bioethical knowledge by analysing the structure of bioethical reasoning. Both "principled" and "empirically oriented" models of bioethical reasoning (including precedent conclusions, conclusions by analogy, etc.) are analysed. The significance of the phenomenon of the "empirical turn" in bioethics for the development and transformation of its epistemic structure and changes in the standards for evaluating the results of reasoning is comprehended. The interrelation of the specifics of transitions between empirical and normative contexts of bioethical knowledge and the interdisciplinary nature of bioethical research is highlighted. It demonstrates the importance of addressing the issue of the relationship between normative and empirical elements of bioethical knowledge for the justification of bioethics and the formation of ideas about its position in the system of knowledge.
28
ÁRNASON, VILHJÁLMUR. "Toward Critical Bioethics." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 24, no. 2 (February 26, 2015): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180114000462.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract:This article deals with the question as to what makes bioethics a critical discipline. It considers different senses of criticism and evaluates their strengths and weaknesses. A primary method in bioethics as a philosophical discipline is critical thinking, which implies critical evaluation of concepts, positions, and arguments. It is argued that the type of analytical criticism that restricts its critical role to critical thinking of this type often suffers from other intellectual flaws. Three examples are taken to demonstrate this: premature criticism, uncritical self-understanding of theoretical assumptions, and narrow framing of bioethical issues. Such flaws can lead both to unfair treatment of authors and to uncritical discussion of topics. In this context, the article makes use of Häyry’s analysis of different rationalities in bioethical approaches and argues for the need to recognize the importance of communicative rationality for critical bioethics. A radically different critical approach in bioethics, rooted in social theory, focuses on analyses of power relations neglected in mainstream critical thinking. It is argued that, although this kind of criticism provides an important alternative in bioethics, it suffers from other shortcomings that are rooted in a lack of normative dimensions. In order to complement these approaches and counter their shortcomings, there is a need for a bioethics enlightened by critical hermeneutics. Such hermeneutic bioethics is aware of its own assumptions, places the issues in a wide context, and reflects critically on the power relations that stand in the way of understanding them. Moreover, such an approach is dialogical, which provides both a critical exercise of speech and a normative dimension implied in the free exchange of reasons and arguments. This discussion is framed by Hedgecoe’s argument that critical bioethics needs four elements: to be empirically rooted, theory challenging, reflexive, and politely skeptical.
29
Dębowski, Jan. "Światopoglądowe wyzwania bioetyki." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2007): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2007.5.1.07.
Full textAbstract:
The article includes detailed analysis of basic relations between bioethics and other sciences, the author shows relation between bioethics and theology, he presents basic moral dilemmas of bioethical researches and elementary justification of the need of responsibility ethics.
30
Rinčić, Iva, Amir Muzur, Chan Kyu Lee, Sun-yong Byun, and Robert Doričić. "From mere urbanity to urban bioethical standards." JAHR 11, no. 1 (2020): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.11.1.7.
Full textAbstract:
An interest in research, deliberation, and reflection on urbanity has been present for a long time. Due to rapid urbanisation in the last few decades, such interest has intensified, attracting scholars from different disciplines and creating new platforms for discussion. The first indicators of a ‘bioethical’ interest in urban life are already present in Van Rensselaer Potter’s early papers (urban ethics. However, more extensive research into urban bioethics remained on hold until recently, mainly due to the dominance of the biomedical paradigm within modern mainstream bioethics. In 2017, the European Bioethics in Action project (funded by the Croatian Science Foundation) ended, resulting in a list of general bioethical standards related to animals, plants, and human health. The aim of this paper is to present the rationale for developing bioethical standards in a specific urban context.
31
Nikolaos, Metropolitan. "Church and Bioethics in Greece." Studies in Christian Ethics 24, no. 4 (November 2011): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0953946811415011.
Full textAbstract:
The Bioethics Committee of the Church of Greece, headed by Metropolitan Nikolaos of Mesogaia and Lavreotiki, was founded a few years ago, bringing together clergy, medical and legal experts. In his address, Metropolitan Nikolaos explains the concerns and the conditions that led to its foundation and he outlines some of the activities and the principles of the Committee. This address, a somewhat broad-brush presentation of the state of bioethics in Greece, is offered as a proposal as to how the Church can work within a secular state, and how it can attempt to raise awareness about the spiritual aspect of bioethical concerns. Overall, the Bioethics Committee tries to promote public dialogue about sensitive bioethical issues, and to make sure that the spiritual perspective is duly informed by medical science. In addition, the Committee tries to make sure that the spiritual perspective is considered by the state in the face of existing or emerging law that touches on bioethical concerns.
32
Nikolaevna Sedova, Natalia, Boris Alexandrovich Navrotskiy, Maria Vladimirovna Reymer, and Viktor Alexandrovich Bakhtin. "The Ethnic Plots of Bioethics." JAHR 9, no. 2 (2018): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.9.2.1.
Full textAbstract:
Bioethics of the ethnos has meanings that reflect the history and culture of a particular people. At the same time, the ethnos in its existence realizes the general bioethical principles and norms that integrate into ethnic bioethics. The ratio of these modifications of bioethics can ensure the self-preserving behavior of the ethnos and help maintain the genetic diversity of mankind. The assessment and standards in modern bioethics cannot be exactly the same for all countries and peoples; they must match the ethnic age of this particular ethnic group. Thus, scientifically-invariant biomedical ethics always functionally acts as a cultural reflection of the national model of medicine. On the other hand, the normative bioethical regulation allows adapting the National standards of medicine as a cultural complex to international requirements. The article shows the options for the ethical support of various ethnic parameters in medicine.
33
Drezgic, Rada. "On feminist engagements with bioethics." Filozofija i drustvo 23, no. 4 (2012): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1204019d.
Full textAbstract:
The article explores two questions: what is feminist bioethics, and how different it is from standard bioethics. Development of feminist bioethics, it is argued, began as a response to standard bioethics, challenging its background values, and philosophical perspectives. The most important contribution of feminist bioethics has been its re-examination of the basic conceptual underpinnings of mainstream bioethics, including the concepts of ?universality?, ?autonomy?, and ?trust?. Particularly important for feminists has been the concept of autonomy. They challenge the old liberal notion of autonomy that treats individuals as separate social units and argue that autonomy is established through relations. Relational autonomy assumes that identities and values are developed through relationships with others and that the choices one makes are shaped by specific social and historical contexts. Neither relational autonomy, nor feminist bioethics, however, represents a single, unified perspective. There are, actually, as many feminist bioethics as there are feminisms-liberal, cultural, radical, postmodern etc. Their different ontological, epistemological and political underpinnings shape their respective approaches to bioethical issues at hand. Still what they all have in common is interest in social justice-feminists explore mainstream bioethics and reproductive technologies in order to establish whether they support or impede gender and overall social justice and equality. Feminist bioethics thus brings a significant improvement to standard bioethics.
34
Hubenko, Hanna. "Art and Bioethics: Shift/Fusion of Understanding Genres." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 23, no. 2 (December 27, 2018): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2018-23-2-245-258.
Full textAbstract:
A fusion of «bioethics» and «art» changes the means and ways of broadcasting art in the field of new biotechnological achievements and recalls responsibility in science. Bioethics socializes art. Art popularizes bioethics and complements its «experience of comprehension» with aesthetic experiences. The article analyzes the connections that unite bioart with science and bioethics. Examples of creative bioart projects at the World Congresses on Bioethics, which draw attention to the installation and performative forms, expressing the artistic experience of bioethical values and meanings that museums and other public fields represent, are given. The processes of forming links between laboratory research (often hidden from public attention) and art-works through practical experiment, dialogue, observation, or play are analyzed. The tandem of art and bioethics provides a link between scientists and the public, reveals new possibilities for ethical reflection, and represents a living manifesto of overcoming the disunity of scientific and everyday practices. Art and bioethics are sources of inspiration for each other. Not only does art expand its boundaries, transforming a scientific experiment into an artistic process, but also bioethics is entering a new level of research and discussion, reinforcing its creative potential through art. Despite the fact that they differ in genre, they create a common space of rational discourse as well as a common ground for familiarizing with the artistic experience in the process of their cooperation and communication, with the purpose of understanding the emerging problems, attracting to them not only professionals, but also broad circle of people interested in bioethical issues.
35
Lapaeva, Valentina V. "The bioethical committee as an institute for social control of technological innovations in medicine: law analysis." Gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 4 (2022): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520019559-5.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides a general description and classification of bioethical committees from the point of view of the subject and goals of their activities, the nature of their authority, legal status, organizational and legal foundations of their activity. The bioethical committee is interpreted as a special institutional form of organizing scientific (interdisciplinary) and public understanding of moral and legal problems in the field of medicine, generated by technological innovations. In the system of social control the bioethical committee is a social institution that is either integrated into the system of public administration, or creates its own channels of influence on the position of the professional medical community and public opinion. From this point of view the article analyzes foreign and Russian history of bioethics committees institutionalization. The author interprets bioethics as a field of scientific and practical activity, the social purpose of which is to translate actual bioethical dilemmas, unsolvable on the basis of abstract principles, into the communicative space, where a consensus can be based on common moral intuitions. The article substantiates the thesis that the main intention of bioethics and bioethics committees, as an expression of its practical function, is to find a legal solution to problems. The author made proposals for improving the legal support for the creation and operation of bioethical committees in Russia.
36
Sedova, N. N. "ETHICS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION (оn the 85th anniversary of the Volgograd State Medical University)." Bioethics 25, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2070-1586-2020-1(25)-3-4.
Full textAbstract:
The article traces the forty-year history of the establishment of the Bioethics training course at the Volgograd State Medical University, which turns 85 this year. It is told about those who played a major role in the development of bioethics as a training course, what difficulties and successes were along this path. The logic of the institutionalization of bioethics through the creation of ethical examination procedures is traced. Actual problems of bioethics, as well as ongoing bioethical activities are not covered and are not called, since the materials of the anniversary issue of the journal are devoted to them.
37
PRIAULX, NICKY. "Vorsprung durch Technik: On Biotechnology, Bioethics, and Its Beneficiaries." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, no. 2 (March 25, 2011): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180110000824.
Full textAbstract:
Bioethics as a distinctive field is undergoing a critical turn. It may be a quiet revolution, but a growing body of scholarship illustrates a perceived need for a rethink of the scope of the field and the approaches and priorities that have carried bioethicists through many heady years of success. Few areas of bioethical practice have been left unexamined, ranging from questions as to the sustainability of the discipline in its current form to the “expertise” of its practitioners; the legitimacy of bioethics in the realms of policymaking; its relationship to philosophy; the purchase of empirical and interdisciplinary method; the relationship of bioethics to the real world; bioethical understandings of the concept of “health” (and methods of attainment); its agenda, priorities, and inclusiveness right up to what might be the overarching question: “What is bioethics all about?” Unsurprisingly, these questions elicit varied responses. Scholars from various disciplines have critiqued fundamental tenets of the “ethics” business, albeit as claims of its “conservatism,” “corruption,” and its questionable “usefulness” suggest, not always with a charitable or constructive eye. But quite crucially and often overlooked, bioethics itself has not shied away from the question as to what bioethics is and what it should become; increasingly apparent is that this kind of self-conscious and reflexive theorizing is regarded as a key priority for taking contemporary ethics forward.
38
����������, T. Svetlichnaya, ���������, and E. Vasileva. "The Role of Theoretical Knowledge in the Development of Bioethical Views of Students in Medical University." Standards and Monitoring in Education 4, no. 2 (April 18, 2016): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19315.
Full textAbstract:
The article shows the results of the study of the role of theoretical knowledge in the development of bioethical views of students on the 1-2 courses of
the medical faculty of the Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) when studying discipline �Bioethics�. The subject of medical and sociological
research was the dynamics of bioethical views of students and their attitude towards biomedical technologies related to start, extension and termination
of human life, as well as their knowledge of the limits of medical interventions in the natural processes of birth and death, set before and after mastering
the discipline �Bioethics�. The analysis of results of examination of the primary attitude of students towards biomedical technologies showed its wide
variability. The nature of the attitude varied from positive (33.7%) and neutral (32.6%) to negative (20.9%) and even the missing (12.8%). After mastering
the discipline the structure of common bioethical views of students, refl ecting their attitude towards biomedical technologies, remained virtually
unchanged (32.9%, 31.4%, 24.4% and 11.3%, respectively). But private attitudes have undergone a very signifi cant transformation. Its essence was the
positive dynamics of the original submissions on all seven analyzed �open� issues of bioethics. Bioethical views of students have become academic, system,
complete, critical and meaningful. The positive dynamics of the bioethical views of students which took place during the development of training
material for discipline �Bioethics� shows, that theoretical knowledge infl uence on their development.
39
Marinčić, Mile, and Tatjana Trošt Bobić. "Bioethics in Physiotherapy and Nursing Schools’ Programs." Pannoniana 3, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2019): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pannonia-2019-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The interest in ethical and bioethical topics in society is always present. However, the question arises as to how are ethical and bioethical problems of broad spectrum presented to the public, starting from issues related to health, medicine, technology, genetics, to issues about economy and politics. If ethical-bioethical issues will be addressed in different fields of social life without systematic methodological preparation, we could easily be trapped in ethics and bioethics speeches, which would be presented in a way that suits somebody at a certain point. When talking about educational institutions like College or Polytechnic with medical and health-related study programs, it would certainly be useful to make an analysis about the ethical-bioethical topics and subjects they are offering to students. Recently, there is a high interest of high school graduates in enrolling to professional study programs like Physiotherapy and Nursing. Bioethics is an obligatory subject within the framework of those study programs. However, lecturers of different profiles are chair professors of Bioethics at the aforementioned institutions, starting from physicians, through philosophers, theologians, sociologists, and lawyers. Of course, that is possible because a scientist can deal with various scientific challenges through his career, but it would certainly be important to at least equate syllabi, as well as plans and programs of Bioethics in Physiotherapy and Nursing study program. It is important to note that in Physiotherapy programs, besides subjects from the field of biomedicine, a significant part of the program is based on the science of movement and especially therapeutic exercises, which point out the need to include the field of kinesiology into the Bioethics plan and program.
40
Sass, Hans-Martin, and Hanna Hubenko. "Interview with professor of philosophy Hans-Martin Sass. November 15-18, 2020." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 26, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2020-26-2-13.
Full textAbstract:
Hans-Martin Sass, Honorary Professor of Philosophy (Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany). Founder and board member of the Centre for Medical Ethics (CME), Bochum, Germany. Honorary Senior Research Fellow at Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University, Washington, DC. Honorary Professor of the Bioethics Research Centre, Beijing. He has written more than 60 books and pamphlets, more than 250 articles in professional journals. Editor of the Ethik in der Praxis/ Practical ethics, Muenster: Lit. Founder and co-editor of the brochures “Medizinethische Materialien”, Bochum: ZME. He has lectured in Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Brazil, Canada, Croatia, the Chech Republic, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, France, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Switzerland and Taiwan. The interview devoted to exposition of the concept of bioethics in America and Germany, as well as the professor`s attitude to the idea of the integrative concept of bioethics. The concept of integrative bioethics has been developed in different countries, a component of this concept is the idea of the need for discussion on bioethics in various sectors of society (not only medical). Equally important in this concept are the definitions of bioethics and the bioethical imperative proposed by Fritz Jahr in 1926. The scientist`s article, which was discovered in 1997, contains a new format of bioethical ideas, as well as a valuable opportunity to enhance understanding the term of bioethics as an integrative science. Interview has been conducted by Hanna Hubenko as a part of the joint international course «Integrative Bioethics». At the meeting it was discussed the experience of cooperation and plans for the future. Cooperation and feedback between scientists remains an unconditional prerogative, also in a pandemic situation (to be continued).
41
Jameton, Andrew. "Global Bioethics." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, no. 3 (1994): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005284.
Full textAbstract:
At the September 1992 Birth of Bioethics conference observing the 30th anniversary of the Seattle kidney dialysis program, Warren Reich discussed the “bilocated” birth of the term bioethics. He showed that the term bioethics was coined in Michigan by Van Rensselaer Potter and that the term was also apparently conceived of independently at about the same time in 1970–1971 in Washington, D.C., by Andre Hellegers and Sargent Shriver. Potter's work, like many similar works in the early 1970s, was concerned with the growing global biological crisis of human overpopulation, the destruction of species, and how to respond to these. He prefaced his bookBioethicswith a “Bioethical Creed for Individuals,” outlining duties to respond to this crisis in a meaningful and scientific way. Hellegers and Shriver used the neologism to name the new Joseph and Rose Kennedy Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction and Bioethics. The Center was to study concerns somewhat different from Potter's: the technological revolution in healthcare and its impact on reproduction, investigator-patient relations, and medical ethics.
42
PĹ‚otka, Bartosz, Cristina Iulia Ghenu, and Laura Brad. "DOES EMOTIONAL MATURITY HELP TO EXPRESS MORAL BELIEFS? EVALUATING â€MORAL GAMES FOR TEACHING BIOETHICS’ AMONGST ROMANIAN AND POLISH STUDENTS." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1022.
Full textAbstract:
The recent development of biotechnology generated a new set of individual and public moral dilemmas gathered under the name of bioethics or biopolitics. These issues are specific because they merge – as nothing else before – moral, private and political spheres. Thus, public awareness of these cases and of any elements that can influence personal bioethical decisions must be stimulated. One of such methods is the academic teaching of bioethics. Since Darryl R.J. Macer defined the latter as “the love of life, reflecting the hope that bioethics may value life in a process involving emotions and rationality” we found interesting to investigate the role of emotional maturity (EM) in solving bioethical dilemmas. The study involved 103 Polish and Romanian students asked first to fill the Friedman’s emotional maturity form and then solve chosen exercises based on UNESCO’s Moral Games for Teaching Bioethics. The results indicate that a high level of emotional maturity correlates positively with the students’ ability to express their moral beliefs for Romanians and negatively for Poles; therefore, the results indicate there is a need to modernize the actual standards for teaching bioethics by enriching them with either emotional or rational components according to the cultural premises.
43
Jurić, Hrvoje. "THE FOOTHOLDS OF AN INTEGRATIVE BIOETHICS IN THE WORK OF VAN RENSSELAER POTTER." Facta Universitatis, Series: Law and Politics 15, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fulp1702127j.
Full textAbstract:
Regardless of the still persistent tendencies to narrow the concept of bioethics down to (bio)medical or even clinical bioethics, it is clear that today’s bioethics integrates discussions of a much wider range of issues – from bio-medical to global-ecological. The broadening of the field of bioethics is the result of the insight that the issues of the techno-scientific era humanity faces are interwoven with the issues that regard other living beings and nature as a whole. This insight into the interweavement of the issues involved (and the interweavement of the relationships themselves within the living world) has brought about the networking of various sciences, professions and non-scientific views, which we know under the names of multi-, inter- and trans-disciplinarity, and pluriperspectivism. However, bioethics should not be satisfied with a mere mechanical gathering of various disciplinal views and worldviews, but should aspire after real integration, the shaping of a unified platform for discussion of the ethical problems regarding life in all its forms, shapes, degrees, stages and manifestations. Developing the starting premises of this platform is the task of “integrative bioethics”. In order to do so, taking account of the work of Van Rensselaer Potter cannot be avoided, since his idea of bioethics and the development of his bioethical thought extensively coincide with what bioethics generally means, as well as with its historical transformations: from the moment he coined the term ‘bioethics’, through having founded so-called “bridge bioethics” to the reformulation and expansion of the contents of bioethics into so-called “global bioethics”. The aim of this paper is to examine the extent to which Potter’s work can serve as a stimulus and be the foothold of the goal to establish bioethics as integrative bioethics.
44
W Callaghan, Chris. "Citizen Science and Biomedical Research: Implications for Bioethics Theory and Practice." Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 19 (2016): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3579.
Full textAbstract:
Certain trends in scientific research have important relevance to bioethics theory and practice. A growing stream of literature relates to increasing transparency and inclusivity of populations (stakeholders) in scientific research, from high volume data collection, synthesis, and analysis to verification and ethical scrutiny. The emergence of this stream of literature has implications for bioethics theory and practice. This paper seeks to make explicit these streams of literature and to relate these to bioethical issues, through consideration of certain extreme examples of scientific research where bioethical engagement is vital. Implications for theory and practice are derived, offering useful insights derived from multidisciplinary theory. Arguably, rapidly developing fields of citizen science such as informing science and others seeking to maximise stakeholder involvement in both research and bioethical engagement have emerged as a response to these types of issues; radically enhanced stakeholder engagement in science may herald a new maximally inclusive and transparent paradigm in bioethics based on lessons gained from exposure to increasingly uncertain ethical contexts of biomedical research.
45
FAN, Ruiping, and Rui DENG. "前言：宗教生命倫理學的當代意義." International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 20, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.202237.
Full textAbstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 本期探討宗教生命倫理學在當代的意義，涉及宗教生命倫理 學與世俗生命倫理學之問相互學習的BJ'能性、以及不同的宗教文 化之間進行對話的有益性，包括兩篇主題論文和15篇回應文章。(撮要取自內文首段) This issue of the journal covers two thematic essays and fifteen commentaries regarding the role of religious bioethics in contemporary society. Although bioethics was launched primarily by theologians in the last century, there have been debates about whether religious ideas are still relevant to today’s bioethical explorations. In addition, the essays in this issue indicate that bioethical dialogues do not occur only among peoples (such as Christians and Confucians) embracing different religious convictions in attempting to understand each other, but they also take place between religious bioethics and secular bioethics so that they may be able to learn from each other and make further reflections on pressing bioethical challenges facing contemporary society.
46
Zwart, Hub. "Care for Language: Etymology as a Continental Argument in Bioethics." Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 18, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11673-021-10125-z.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractEmphasizing the importance of language is a key characteristic of philosophical reflection in general and of bioethics in particular. Rather than trying to eliminate the historicity and ambiguity of language, a continental approach to bioethics will make conscious use of it, for instance by closely studying the history of the key terms we employ in bioethical debates. Continental bioethics entails a focus on the historical vicissitudes of the key signifiers of the bioethical vocabulary, urging us to study the history of terms such as “bioethics,” “autonomy,” “privacy,” and “consensus.” Instead of trying to define such terms as clearly and unequivocally as possible, a continental approach rather requires us to take a step backwards, tracing the historical backdrop of the words currently in vogue. By comparing the original meanings of terms with their current meanings, and by considering important moments of transition in their history, obfuscated dimensions of meaning can be retrieved. Thus, notwithstanding a number of methodological challenges involved in etymological exercises, they may foster moral articulacy and enhance our ability to come to terms with moral dilemmas we are facing.
47
ÁRNASON, VILHJÁLMUR. "Bioethics in Iceland." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 19, no. 3 (May 28, 2010): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180110000071.
Full textAbstract:
Recent bioethics discussion and research in Iceland has been greatly affected by the fact that one of the world’s largest genetics research companies is based there and has been in the forefront of creating a population database resource for its research projects. Consequently, a large part of this article is centered around the bioethical discussion engendered by these projects, but other recent bioethical developments related to issues at the beginning and the end of life will also be discussed.
48
Beever, Jonathan, and Peter J. Whitehouse. "The Ecosystem of Bioethics." JAHR 8, no. 2 (2017): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.8.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding bioethical inquiry as ecosystem aligns that thinking about health conceptually close to public health ethics. Despite having roots in decades-long, culturally-diverse, and disciplinarily-broad concerns about the relationships of human beings to environment as manifest in the work of Fritz Jahr and Van Rensselaer Potter, medical “mainstream” bioethics has maintained a relatively narrow focus on individual health. The practical instantiations of bioethics are inconsistent both with the term’s own historical international contexts and the ecosystemic nature of health, a concept of systems that includes both cultural and biological interactions. Following a growing number of international calls for such change in bioethics, this paper argues that a reinvigoration of bioethics demands transdisciplinary intersections of ecology, value, and health – as a bridge connecting across to the identified projects of public health ethics.
49
Beliakova, Nadezhda. "The Christian Foundations of Fritz Jahr’s Concept of Bio-Ethik and Contemporary Central European Perspective." State Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide 38, no. 4 (2020): 92–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2020-38-4-92-109.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the concept of Bio-Ethik by the German theologian Fritz Jahr (1895–1953) and discusses the reasons of the interest to his legacy in Central Europe. The popularity of Fritz Jahr’s works fits into the specific context of a complex development of bioethics in Central Europe at the turn of the twenty-first century. The appeal to Fritz Jahr’s ideas in the field of bioethics allows us to assess the contribution of Christian thinkers to the articulation of bioethical issues and to raise the question of why in modern bioethics, which is trying to draw upon universal, non-religious values, there was a demand for theological works of a Protestant pastor. The article describes the attitude to bioethics in Germany at the turn of the 1980s–90s, the ideological conflict of the “anti-bioethics” movement and the context of the new reception of Fritz Jahr’s works.
50
Spielman, Bethany J. "Professionalism in Forensic Bioethics." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 30, no. 3 (2002): 420–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00411.x.
Full textAbstract:
As the public profile of bioethics rises, and as litigation about issues ranging from assisted reproduction to gene therapy multiplies, the presence of bioethics experts in a litigation context has become more common. Dozens of appellate opinions refer to bioethics testimony in the lower courts. Today's technical advisory services for attorneys advertise bioethics experts along with experts in scientific fields. A single bioethicist has served as an expert in more than fifty cases. In all likelihood, opportunities for bioethicists to fill the role of testifying expert will grow as medicine and biotechnology become more complex. Bioethics experts have also been involved in several other kinds of litigation-related activities, including investigation, consultation with attorneys, preparing reports that express expert opinions, and explaining and defending these opinions by deposition.Despite the growth of these activities by bioethicists, they have never been free of controversy, have recently been received with little enthusiasm by the judiciary, and could become highly problematic in the future.