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1

Ilori, Matthew O., and Dan-Israel Amund. "Production of a Peptidoglycolipid Bioemulsifier by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Grown on Hydrocarbon." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 56, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2001): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2001-7-812.

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A strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a polluted soil was found to produce an extracellular bioemulsifier when cultivated on hexadecane as sole carbon source. The emulsifier was precipitated with acetone and redissolved in sterile water. Dodecane, crude oil and kerosene were found to be good substrates for emulsification by the bioemulsifier. Growth and bioemulsifier production reached the optimal levels on the fourth and fifth day, respectively. Emulsifying activity was observed over a pH range of 3.5 to 10.0 with a maximum at pH 7.0. The activity of the bioemulsifier was heat stable up to 70 °C while about 50 percent of its activity was retained at 100 °C. The components of the bioemulsifier were determined, it was found to contain carbohydrate, protein and lipid. The protein complex was precipitated with ammonium sulphate and fractionated on a Sephadex G-100. Gel electrophoresis of the bioemulsifier showed a single band whose molecular weight was estimated as 14,322 Da. The bioemulsifier was classified as a peptidoglycolipid. Certain strains of P. aeruginosa produce peptidoglycolipid in place of rhamnolipid
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2

Maia, Patrícia, Vanessa Santos, Adriana Ferreira, Marcos Luna, Thayse Silva, Rosileide Andrade, and Galba Campos-Takaki. "An Efficient Bioemulsifier-Producing Bacillus subtilis UCP 0146 Isolated from Mangrove Sediments." Colloids and Interfaces 2, no. 4 (November 13, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids2040058.

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In this work, we investigated the potential of Bacillus subtilis UCP 0146 in the bioconversion of a medium containing 100% cassava flour wastewater to obtain a bioemulsifier. The evaluation of the production was carried out by the emulsification index (IE24) and the surface tension (ST). The ionic charge, stability (temperature, salinity, and pH measured by IE24 and viscosity), and ability to remove and disperse oil and textile dye were investigated. B. subtilis produced an anionic bioemulsifier in the medium containing 100% cassava wastewater under Condition 4 of the factorial design (inoculum 9% at a temperature of 35 °C and shaken at 100 rpm), and showed a surface tension of 39 mN/m, an IE24 of 95.2%, and a yield of 2.69 g·L−1. The bioemulsifier showed stability at different pH (2–8), temperatures (0–120 °C), and NaCl concentrations, a dispersion oil displacement area (ODA) test of 55.83 cm2, and a reduction of the viscosity of the burned engine oil (90.5 Cp). The bioemulsifier was able to remove petroleum (94.4%) and methylene blue azo dye (62.2%). The bioemulsifier and its synthesis from bacteria also emphasizes the role of surfactants in oil remediation.
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3

Marques, Nathália S. A. A., Israel G. Sales da Silva, Davi L. Cavalcanti, Patrícia C. S. V. Maia, Vanessa P. Santos, Rosileide F. S. Andrade, and Galba M. Campos-Takaki. "Eco-Friendly Bioemulsifier Production by Mucor circinelloides UCP0001 Isolated from Mangrove Sediments Using Renewable Substrates for Environmental Applications." Biomolecules 10, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030365.

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The successful production of a biosurfactant is dependent on the development of processes using low cost raw materials. In the present work, an economically attractive medium composed of corn steep liquor and waste cooking oil was formulated to maximize the production of bioemulsifier by Mucor circinelloides UCP0001. A central rotational composite design was applied to statistical validation of the production. The emulsifying properties, stability under extreme conditions, its toxicity character, and the characterization of the bioemulsifier were determined. The best condition for biomolecule synthesis occurred in the assay 2 containing 4% of corn steep liquor and 3% waste soybean oil and exhibited 100% emulsification index for canola oil and petroleum, as well as excellent emulsifying activity for canola oil and burned engine oil. The nutritional factors studied showed statistical relevance, since all linear, quadratic effects and their interactions were significant. The bioemulsifier showed 2.69 g/L yield and the chemical character of the molecule structure was identified by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy. The bioemulsifier showed no toxicity to Artemia salina and Chlorella vulgaris. Stable emulsions were obtained under extreme conditions of temperature, pH, and salinity. These findings contribute to understanding of the relationship between production, physical properties, chemical composition, and stability of bioemulsifier for their potential applications in biotechnology, such as bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil and water.
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4

Shilpa, Mujumdar. "Use of Natural Wastes for Biosurfactant (BS) and Bioemulsifier (BE) Production and their Applications – A Review." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 6, no. 3 (2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000203.

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Commercial biosurfactant (BS) or bioemulsifier (BE) production requires high manufacturing cost and result difficulties in downstream processing and purification. This problem can be resolved by using low- cost natural substrates. Agro- industrial wastes as well as non-edible portions of fruits, vegetables, fish and meat contributes in high disposal and loss of nutritional biomass from the environment. These are readily available wastes which have tremendous potential to be reused as a substrate by microorganisms for efficient BS or BE production. Fruits, vegetables, fish, dairy and brewery wastes are rich sources of valuable nutrients which includes carbon, nitrogen, vitamins and other minerals. BS or BE produced using these substrates are stable in environment and show potential applications in many sectors of food industry, oil industry, agriculture, bioremediation, medicine and pharmaceutical industry. Yield of biosurfactant or bioemulsifier production can be increased by optimizing certain media parameters with the natural substrate concentrations. Growth parameters such as pH, temperature, salinity, carbon and nitrogen content have effect on stability of microorganism for maximum biosurfactant or bioemulsifier production. This review describes some recent developments and applications for the commercial biosurfactant or bioemulsifier production using cheap and unconventional natural wastes.
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5

Silva, Joselma Ferreira da, Lucas Albuquerque Rosendo da Silva, Marta Ribeiro Barbosa, Laureen Michelle Houllou, and Carolina Barbosa Malafaia. "Bioemulsifier produced by Yarrowia lipolytica using residual glycerol as a carbon source." Journal of Environmental Analysis and Progress 5, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24221/jeap.5.1.2020.2700.031-037.

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Bioemulsifier is bioactive molecules produced by different microorganisms with reducing power and surface and interfacial tension. Among the microorganisms producing this molecule is yeast, which can produce different bioemulsifiers in different substrates. Undoubtedly, this biomolecule has excellent potential for industrial applications, but high production costs are the biggest problem in production. Aiming at cost reduction the present study using crude residual glycerol for biosurfactant production by Yarrowia lipolytica. Then isolates were grown in residual glycerol compound medium, rotating 200 rpm at 28ºC for 48 hours. Bioemulsifier production was observed by analysis of dry biomass, pH, surface tension and emulsification index. The results indicated that the emulsion produced from biosurfactant using glycerol as a carbon source by Y. lipolytica has the potential for bioemulsifier production. All isolates obtained similar results for all analyzes, indicating that this species has a linear production among the isolates. Biomass reached 10.08 ± 0.62 g.L-1, there was a sharp drop in pH reaching 4.6, surface tension averaged 41.7 mN.m-1 and emulsification index reached 56%. The isolates tested show potential for bioemulsifier production using glycerol as an unconventional carbon source.
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6

Barbosa, Fernanda Gonçalves, Paulo Ricardo Franco Marcelino, Talita Martins Lacerda, Rafael Rodrigues Philippini, Emma Teresa Giancaterino, Marcos Campos Mancebo, Júlio Cesar dos Santos, and Silvio Silvério Da Silva. "Production, Physicochemical and Structural Characterization of a Bioemulsifier Produced in a Culture Medium Composed of Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate and Soybean Oil in the Context of Biorefineries." Fermentation 8, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8110618.

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Biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules, biodegradable, with reduced toxicity. They can be synthesized by fermentative processes from oleaginous compounds and agro-industrial by-products. In this context, the present study describes the production and the physical, chemical, and structural characterization of the bioemulsifier secreted by the yeast Scheffersomyces shehatae 16-BR6-2AI in a medium containing hemicellulosic sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate combined with soybean oil. The bioemulsifier was produced in Erlenmeyer flasks and isolated; then, the physicochemical and structural characterization of the formed molecule was carried out. The following fermentation parameters were obtained: YX/S = 0.45, YP/S = 0.083, and productivity of 0.076 g/L/h. The bioemulsifier was found to be a polymer containing 53% of carbohydrates, 40.92% of proteins, and 6.08% of lipids, respectively. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of functional groups such as amides, amines, and carbonyls. The bioemulsifier was stable over a range of temperature (−20 °C to 120 °C), salinity (1–15%), and pH (2–12). It was observed that the biomolecule has a better emulsifying action in organic solvents with a non-polar character. Therefore, this biomolecule is a potential substitute for synthetic surfactants and can be used in different applications.
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7

Dharmadevi, Devaraj, Punamalai Ganes, and Kandasamy Sivasubramani. "Delving of a Promising Bioemulsifier Producing Bacterium from an Oil Contaminated Coastal Site and its Enhanced Production." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 19, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3024.

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Chemical surfactants are non-biodegradable and harmful, thus researchers are looking for better alternatives. The present study aimed to isolate bioemulsifier producing bacteria from oil-contaminated sediments. Nearly, 19 morphologically distinct bacteria were isolated and screened for bioemulsifier producing potential. Based on the screening, one efficient isolate PHCS 7 was selected and further subjected to molecular identification. After characterization, the isolate was identified as Acinetobacter beijerinckii PHCS 7 and further employed for growth kinetic profiling and optimization of physical factors for bioemulsifier production. During 48hrs incubation, A. beijerinckii PHCS 7 showed 64.6% emulsification activity with 8.69g/L of cell biomass. Similarly, during the optimization study pH, 8 and temperature of 35°C favored 67.9% and 69.7% emulsification activity, respectively. The current research establishes a foundation for future research on cost-effective large-scale production.
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8

Leahy, Joseph G., Zafar M. Khalid, Ernesto J. Quintero, Joanne M. Jones-Meehan, John F. Heidelberg, Patricia J. Batchelor, and Rita R. Colwell. "The concentrations of hexadecane and inorganic nutrients modulate the production of extracellular membrane-bound vesicles, soluble protein, and bioemulsifier by Acinetobacter venetianus RAG-1 and Acinetobacter sp. strain HO1-N." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-071.

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In the present study, we addressed the possibility that the production of both bioemulsifiers and membrane-bound vesicles may be a common feature of the growth of Acinetobacter spp. on alkanes, and we determined the extent to which the release of extracellular products by these organisms is regulated by the concentrations of the alkane substrate and inorganic nutrients. To accomplish this objective, we grew Acinetobacter venetianus RAG-1 and Acinetobacter sp. strain HO1-N with different concentrations of nutrients and assayed for extracellular products. The results indicated that the release of vesicles, soluble protein, and bioemulsifier was promoted in various degrees by higher concentrations of hexadecane and inorganic nutrients, while the specific activities of the bioemulsifiers were enhanced with lower nutrient concentrations. Based on our findings, we propose that under conditions of nutrient excess, these strains produce membrane-bound vesicles to function in "luxury uptake" of the alkane substrate for delivery and storage in the form of inclusions. Under the same conditions, soluble bioemulsifier and protein may perform auxiliary roles in cell desorption and (or) alkane uptake. With low concentrations of nutrients, the decreased production of vesicles, protein, and bioemulsifier and the increased activity of the emulsifier may represent a mechanism for reducing biosynthetic demands and conserving cellular material.Key words: Acinetobacter, alkane, bioemulsifier, emulsan, vesicle.
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9

Žėkaitė, G., V. Jaška, K. Poška, M. Andrulytė, and S. Grigiškis. "Microorganisms Producing Biosurfactant Selection and Characterization of New Discovered Bioemulsifier that will be Used to Create Ecological Heating Production Technology." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 6, 2015): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol1.840.

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The chemical synthesis of surface active compounds is economically inefficient. It requires much energy expense, raw materials and harmful reagents. Biological biosynthesis of surface active substances happens in milder conditions without the use of dangerous chemical reagents. The main goal of this work was to select a microorganism strain capable of producing a bioemulsifier with an ability to create a stable water / fuel-oil emulsion that could be used to design a new ecological heating technology. To this end, 3 microorganism strains displaying a high emulsification activity were used. The new discovered surface active substance (SAS) was investigated with different methods (hydrocarbon overlay agar method, emulsification activity determination, microscopic observation). The production of bioemulsifier (BE) was studied by using soluble and insoluble carbon sources. It was found that Arthrobacter sp. Pr82 is the best bioemulsifier producer. Oleic acid was ascertained as the best carbon source for the production of discovered BE.
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10

Tabassum Khan, Nida. "Bioemulsifiers." Biotechnology and Bioprocessing 2, no. 10 (November 25, 2021): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/058.

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Bioemulsifier is a poly-anionic and amphiphilic compound which can balance out the hydrocarbon emulsion in water by making an extremely thin layer between the hydrocarbon beads and water. Most extreme focus is acquired when culture media containing 12 carbon-based unsaturated fats are utilized as the carbon source. Bioemulsifier with proficient emulsifying action and low-production cost, meets various prerequisites of emulsification in the most practical manner in numerous industrial sectors such as in food and dairy.
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11

Ahmed, Entissar Faroun, and Shatha Salman Hassan. "Effect of media composition (carbon and nitrogen sources) on the production of bioemulsifier from Serratia marcescens S10." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2012.6.2.212.

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he effect of different cultural conditions on production of bioemulsifier from Serratia marcescens S10 was determined; different carbon and nitrogen sources were used such as: different oils include: edible (vegetable) oils (olive oil, sesame oil, sun flower oil and corn oil) and heavy oils (oil 150, oil 60, oil 40) as carbon sources and (NH4Cl, casein, (NH4)2SO4, peptone, tryptone, gelatin and yeast extract) as nitrogen sources were added to production media. Bioemulsifier was estimated by measuring the surface tension (S.T), emulsification activity (E.A) and emulsification index (E24%). The best results of bioemulsifier production from Serratia marcescens S10 were obtained at pH8 and incubated at 37ºC for 5days, using sesame oil as carbon source: surface tension (S.T) was reduced from 67 to 41 mN/m and with emulsification index (E24%) of 92% and emulsification activity (E.A) 0.3 and when used ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source: highest results for the isolate S10: S.T was decreased from 67 mN/m to 24 mN/m, E24% = 88%, E.A = 0.28.
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12

Cai, Qinhong, Baiyu Zhang, Bing Chen, Zhiwen Zhu, and Yuming Zhao. "A novel bioemulsifier produced by Exiguobacterium sp. strain N4-1P isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated coastal sediment." RSC Advances 7, no. 68 (2017): 42699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra07411e.

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13

Franzetti, Andrea, Isabella Gandolfi, Valentina Bertolini, Chiara Raimondi, Marco Piscitello, Maddalena Papacchini, and Giuseppina Bestetti. "Phylogenetic characterization of bioemulsifier-producing bacteria." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 65, no. 7 (October 2011): 1095–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2011.01.014.

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14

Xia, Wenjie, Hao Dong, Chenggang Zheng, Qingfeng Cui, Panqing He, and Yongchun Tang. "Hydrocarbon degradation by a newly isolated thermophilic Anoxybacillus sp. with bioemulsifier production and new alkB genes." RSC Advances 5, no. 124 (2015): 102367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra17137g.

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In this work, a new thermophilic bacterial strain was isolated and identified asAnoxybacillussp. WJ-4. This strain of WJ-4 can degrade a wide range of hydrocarbons, and production of an oligosaccharide–lipid–peptide bioemulsifier was detected.
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15

Patel, Mukul N., and Karumathil P. Gopinathan. "Lysozyme-Sensitive Bioemulsifier for Immiscible Organophosphorus Pesticides." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 52, no. 5 (1986): 1224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.52.5.1224-1226.1986.

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16

Barriga, Jeffrey A. T., David G. Cooper, Edmund S. Idziak, and David R. Cameron. "Components of the bioemulsifier from S. cerevisiae." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 25, no. 1-2 (July 1999): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00032-0.

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17

Navon-Venezia, S., Z. Zosim, A. Gottlieb, R. Legmann, S. Carmeli, E. Z. Ron, and E. Rosenberg. "Alasan, a new bioemulsifier from Acinetobacter radioresistens." Applied and environmental microbiology 61, no. 9 (1995): 3240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.9.3240-3244.1995.

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18

Rajendran, Deepak, Ponnusami Venkatachalam, and Jayapradha Ramakrishnan. "Response Surface Methodology: Optimisation of Antifungal Bioemulsifier from NovelBacillus thuringiensis." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/423289.

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An antifungal bioemulsifier compound was produced from a novel strain ofBacillus thuringiensispak2310. To accentuate the production and as the first step to improve the yield, a central composite design (CCD) was used to study the effect of various factors like minimal salts (1X and 3X), glycerol concentration (2% and 4%), beef extract concentration (1% and 3%), and sunflower oil concentration (2% and 4%) on the production of bioemulsifier molecule and to optimize the conditions to increase the production. TheE24emulsification index was used as the response variable as the increase in surfactant production was seen to be proportional to increased emulsification. A quadratic equation was employed to express the response variable in terms of the independent variables. Statistical tools like student’st-test,F-test, and ANOVA were employed to identify the important factors and to test the adequacy of the model. Under optimum conditions (1X concentration of minimal salts (MS), 2.6% glycerol (v/v), 1% beef extract (w/v), and 2% sunflower oil (v/v)) a 65% increase in yield was produced.
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19

Burd, G., and O. P. Ward. "Physicochemical properties of PM-factor, a surface-active agent produced by Pseudomonas marginalis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42, no. 3 (March 1, 1996): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m96-036.

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An extracellular surface-active agent, PM-factor, was obtained by high-speed centrifugation from the culture broth of Pseudomonas marginalis PD-14B. PM-factor exhibited emulsifying activity on a broad spectrum of hydrocarbon liquids, including aromatics, aliphatics, crude oil, and creosote. The factor appeared as ball-shaped particles of varying diameter when examined by electron microscopy (0.16–1.4 μm). Gel filtration chromatography demonstrated a high molecular mass of the factor (> 106 Da). The ultraviolet absorption spectrum manifested a peak in the region 200 nm rather in the region 260–280 nm. Amino acid analysis showed a very low amount of aromatic amino acids residues in the protein moiety of PM-factor. The presence of 3-deoxy-D-mannooctulosonic acid, heptose, hexosamine, phosphorus, and 3-hydroxy fatty acid indicated that PM-factor contained lipopolysaccharide. The emulsifying activity of PM-factor was inhibited strongly by mercuric chloride and moderately by EDTA. Polymyxin B, Ca2+, and Mg2+ markedly stimulated the factors emulsifying activity. Roles of the bioemulsifier in the functioning of P. marginalis as a plant pathogen and in bioremediation are discussed.Key words: bioemulsifier, Pseudomonas marginalis, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plant pathogenesis, bioremediation.
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20

Gurjar, M., J. M. Khire, and M. I. Khan. "Bioemulsifier production by Bacillus stearothermophilus VR-8 isolate." Letters in Applied Microbiology 21, no. 2 (August 1995): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.1995.tb01012.x.

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21

A., Toren, Ron E., Bekerman R., and Rosenberg E. "Solubilization of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by recombinant bioemulsifier AlnA." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 59, no. 4-5 (January 1, 2002): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-1049-x.

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22

Markande, Anoop R., Venkata R. Vemuluri, Yogesh S. Shouche, and Anuradha S. Nerurkar. "Characterization ofSolibacillus silvestrisstrain AM1 that produces amyloid bioemulsifier." Journal of Basic Microbiology 58, no. 6 (April 25, 2018): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201700685.

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23

Sarubbo, L. A., ALF Porto, and G. M. Campos-Takaki. "The use of babassu oil as substrate to produce bioemulsifiers byCandida lipolytica." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 5 (July 1, 1999): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-025.

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Candida lipolytica IA 1055 produced an extracellular emulsifier when using babassu oil as its sole carbon source during batch and fed batch fermentations at 27°C. Emulsification activity was detected after 60 h of growth in all conditions studied. The bioemulsifier was isolated after 144 h of fermentation from the best condition studied. The biopolymer seems to be a polysaccharide-protein-lipid complex.Key words: bioemulsifiers, biopolymer, Candida lipolytica, babassu oil, fermentation.
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24

Albuquerque, C. D. C., A. M. F. Filetti, and G. M. Campos-Takaki. "Optimizing the medium components in bioemulsifiers production byCandida lipolyticawith response surface method." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-002.

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A response surface methodology was used to study bioemulsifier production by Candida lipolytica. A 24full experimental design was previously carried out to investigate the effects and interactions of the concentrations of corn oil, urea, ammonium sulfate, and potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate on the emulsification activity (EA) of the bioemulsifier produced by C. lipolytica. The best EA value (3.727 units of emulsification activity (UEA)) was obtained with a medium composed of 0.4 g of urea, 1.1 g of ammonium sulfate, 2.04 g of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate, 5 mL of corn oil, 50 mL of distilled water, and 50 mL of seawater. A curvature check was performed and revealed a lack of fit of the linear approximation. The proximity of the optimum point was evident, as was the need for quadratic model and second-order designs that incorporate the effect of the curvature. Medium constituents were then optimized for the EA using a three-factor central composite design and response surface methodology. The second-order model showed statistical significance and predictive ability. It was found that the maximum EA produced was 4.415 UEA, and the optimum levels of urea, ammonium sulfate, and potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate were, respectively, 0.544% (m/v), 2.131% (m/v), and 2.628% (m/v).Key words: emulsification activity, factorial design, central composite design, optimization, biosurfactant.
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25

Noudeh, Gholamreza Dehghan, Mohammad Hasan Moshafi, Payam Khazaeli, and Farideh Akef. "Studies on Bioemulsifier Production by Bacillus licheniformis PTCC 1595." American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajptsp.2007.164.169.

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26

Cameron, D. R., D. G. Cooper, and R. J. Neufeld. "The mannoprotein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an effective bioemulsifier." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54, no. 6 (1988): 1420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.6.1420-1425.1988.

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27

Toren, Amir, Gil Segal, Eliora Z. Ron, and Eugene Rosenberg. "Structure-function studies of the recombinant protein bioemulsifier AlnA." Environmental Microbiology 4, no. 5 (May 2002): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00298.x.

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28

Patricia, Bonin, and Bertrand Jean-Claude. "Involvement of bioemulsifier in heptadecane uptake in Pseudomonas nautica." Chemosphere 38, no. 5 (February 1999): 1157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00366-x.

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29

Amaral, P. F. F., J. M. da Silva, M. Lehocky, A. M. V. Barros-Timmons, M. A. Z. Coelho, I. M. Marrucho, and J. A. P. Coutinho. "Production and characterization of a bioemulsifier from Yarrowia lipolytica." Process Biochemistry 41, no. 8 (August 2006): 1894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2006.03.029.

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30

Johnson, Von, Manjeet Singh, Virender S. Saini, Dilip K. Adhikari, Venkatrao Sista, and Natwarsinh K. Yadav. "Bioemulsifier production by an oleaginous yeastRhodotorula glutinis IIP-30." Biotechnology Letters 14, no. 6 (June 1992): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01023172.

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31

Suresh Kumar, Anita, Kalpana Mody, and Bhavanath Jha. "Evaluation of Biosurfactant/Bioemulsifier Production by a Marine Bacterium." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 79, no. 6 (October 9, 2007): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9283-7.

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32

Nogueira, Ianne Batista, Dayana Montero Rodríguez, Rosildeide F. da Silva Andradade, Amanda Barbosa Lins, Ana Paula Bione, Israel Gonçalves Sales da Silva, Luciana de Oliveira Franco, and Galba M. de Campos-Takaki. "Bioconversion of Agroindustrial Waste in the Production of Bioemulsifier by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia UCP 1601 and Application in Bioremediation Process." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020 (January 31, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9434059.

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This study investigated the potential of the bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia UCP 1601 to produce a new biomolecule with emulsifying properties by determining the hemolytic activity, obtaining a halo of 9 mm in blood agar. Fermentations were carried out in saline mineral medium supplemented with 10% waste soybean oil (WSO) and different concentrations of glucose, peptone, ZnCl2, and MgSO4, according to a 24 full-factorial design. The results showed that the best results were obtained in condition 6 (medium composed of 4% glucose, 1% peptone, 2.72% ZnCl2, and 2.46% MgSO4), with excellent high emulsification index of 82.74%, using burned motor oil. The emulsifying property of the biomolecule produced was confirmed by the emulsification index of 78.57, 54.07, and 58.62%, using soybean, corn, and diesel oils, respectively, and the stability at different values of pH, temperature, and NaCl concentrations. The yield of the produced bioemulsifier was 2.8 g/L, presenting an anionic character and polymeric nature (37.6% lipids, 28.2% proteins, and 14.7% carbohydrates), confirmed by FTIR. The new bioemulsifier demonstrated promising potential for bioremediation of hydrophobic contaminants in the environment, since it had the ability to reduce the viscosity of WSO and burned motor oil, as well as excellent dispersion capacity of the burned motor oil in water (69.94 cm2 of oil displacement area), and removing 71.7% of this petroleum derivative from sandy soil.
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Viramontes-Ramos, Sabina, Martha Cristina Portillo-Ruiz, María de Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias, José Vinicio Torres-Muñoz, Blanca Estela Rivera-Chavira, and Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón. "Selection of biosurfactan/bioemulsifier-producing bacteria from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil." Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 41, no. 3 (October 2010): 668–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-83822010000300017.

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34

Cirigliano, Michael C., and George M. Carman. "Purification and Characterization of Liposan, a Bioemulsifier from Candida lipolytica†." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 50, no. 4 (1985): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.50.4.846-850.1985.

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35

Ahmed, Entissar Faroun, and Shatha Salman Hassan. "Antimicrobial Activity of a Bioemulsifier Produced by Serratia marcescens S10." Journal of Al-Nahrain University Science 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/jnus.16.1.22.

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36

Zheng, Chenggang, Jianglin He, Yongli Wang, Manman Wang, and Zhiyong Huang. "Hydrocarbon degradation and bioemulsifier production by thermophilic Geobacillus pallidus strains." Bioresource Technology 102, no. 19 (October 2011): 9155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.074.

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37

Gudiña, Eduardo J., Jorge Pereira, Rita Costa, Dmitry V. Evtuguin, João Coutinho, José A. Teixeira, and Lígia R. Rodrigues. "Novel bioemulsifier produced by a Paenibacillus strain isolated from crude oil." Microbial Cell Factories 14, no. 1 (2015): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-015-0197-5.

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38

Bonilla, M., C. Olivaro, M. Corona, A. Vazquez, and M. Soubes. "Production and characterization of a new bioemulsifier from Pseudomonas putida ML2." Journal of Applied Microbiology 98, no. 2 (February 2005): 456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02480.x.

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39

Campos, Jenyffer M., Tânia L. M. Stamford, and Leonie A. Sarubbo. "Production of a Bioemulsifier with Potential Application in the Food Industry." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 172, no. 6 (February 7, 2014): 3234–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0761-1.

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40

Navon-Venezia, S., E. Banin, E. Z. Ron, and E. Rosenberg. "The bioemulsifier alasan: role of protein in maintaining structure and activity." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 49, no. 4 (April 27, 1998): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051186.

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41

Panjiar, Neha, Shashwati Ghosh Sachan, and Ashish Sachan. "Screening of bioemulsifier-producing micro-organisms isolated from oil-contaminated sites." Annals of Microbiology 65, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 753–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0915-y.

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42

Markande, A. R., S. R. Acharya, and A. S. Nerurkar. "Physicochemical characterization of a thermostable glycoprotein bioemulsifier from Solibacillus silvestris AM1." Process Biochemistry 48, no. 11 (November 2013): 1800–1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2013.08.017.

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43

Colin, Verónica L., Álvaro A. Juárez Cortes, Juan D. Aparicio, and María J. Amoroso. "Potential application of a bioemulsifier-producing actinobacterium for treatment of vinasse." Chemosphere 144 (February 2016): 842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.064.

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44

Colin, Verónica Leticia, Claudia Elizabeth Pereira, Liliana Beatriz Villegas, Maria Julia Amoroso, and Carlos Mauricio Abate. "Production and partial characterization of bioemulsifier from a chromium-resistant actinobacteria." Chemosphere 90, no. 4 (January 2013): 1372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.08.002.

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45

Silva, Tiago P., Susana M. Paixão, João Tavares, Cátia V. Gil, Cristiana A. V. Torres, Filomena Freitas, and Luís Alves. "A New Biosurfactant/Bioemulsifier from Gordonia alkanivorans Strain 1B: Production and Characterization." Processes 10, no. 5 (April 25, 2022): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050845.

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Biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers (BS/BE) are naturally synthesized molecules, which can be used as alternatives to traditional detergents. These molecules are commonly produced by microorganisms isolated from hydrocarbon-rich environments. Gordonia alkanivorans strain 1B was originally found in such an environment, however little was known about its abilities as a BS/BE producer. The goal of this work was to access the potential of strain 1B as a BS/BE producer and perform the initial characterization of the produced compounds. It was demonstrated that strain 1B was able to synthesize lipoglycoprotein compounds with BS/BE properties, both extracellularly and adhered to the cells, without the need for a hydrophobic inducer, producing emulsion in several different hydrophobic phases. Using a crude BS/BE powder, the critical micelle concentration was determined (CMC = 16.94 mg/L), and its capacity to reduce the surface tension to a minimum of 35.63 mN/m was demonstrated, surpassing many commercial surfactants. Moreover, after dialysis, emulsification assays revealed an activity similar to that of Triton X-100 in almond and sunflower oils. In benzene, the E24 value attained was 83.45%, which is 30% greater than that of the commercial alternative. The results obtained highlight for the presence of promising novel BS/BE produced by strain 1B.
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46

Silva, Tiago P., Susana M. Paixão, João Tavares, Cátia V. Gil, Cristiana A. V. Torres, Filomena Freitas, and Luís Alves. "A New Biosurfactant/Bioemulsifier from Gordonia alkanivorans Strain 1B: Production and Characterization." Processes 10, no. 5 (April 25, 2022): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050845.

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Biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers (BS/BE) are naturally synthesized molecules, which can be used as alternatives to traditional detergents. These molecules are commonly produced by microorganisms isolated from hydrocarbon-rich environments. Gordonia alkanivorans strain 1B was originally found in such an environment, however little was known about its abilities as a BS/BE producer. The goal of this work was to access the potential of strain 1B as a BS/BE producer and perform the initial characterization of the produced compounds. It was demonstrated that strain 1B was able to synthesize lipoglycoprotein compounds with BS/BE properties, both extracellularly and adhered to the cells, without the need for a hydrophobic inducer, producing emulsion in several different hydrophobic phases. Using a crude BS/BE powder, the critical micelle concentration was determined (CMC = 16.94 mg/L), and its capacity to reduce the surface tension to a minimum of 35.63 mN/m was demonstrated, surpassing many commercial surfactants. Moreover, after dialysis, emulsification assays revealed an activity similar to that of Triton X-100 in almond and sunflower oils. In benzene, the E24 value attained was 83.45%, which is 30% greater than that of the commercial alternative. The results obtained highlight for the presence of promising novel BS/BE produced by strain 1B.
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47

Barkay, T., S. Navon-Venezia, E. Z. Ron, and E. Rosenberg. "Enhancement of Solubilization and Biodegradation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by the Bioemulsifier Alasan." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 2697–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.6.2697-2702.1999.

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ABSTRACT Alasan, a high-molecular-weight bioemulsifier complex of an anionic polysaccharide and proteins that is produced by Acinetobacter radioresistens KA53 (S. Navon-Venezia, Z. Zosim, A. Gottlieb, R. Legmann, S. Carmeli, E. Z. Ron, and E. Rosenberg, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:3240–3244, 1995), enhanced the aqueous solubility and biodegradation rates of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the presence of 500 μg of alasan ml−1, the apparent aqueous solubilities of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were increased 6.6-, 25.7-, and 19.8-fold, respectively. Physicochemical characterization of the solubilization activity suggested that alasan solubilizes PAHs by a physical interaction, most likely of a hydrophobic nature, and that this interaction is slowly reversible. Moreover, the increase in apparent aqueous solubility of PAHs does not depend on the conformation of alasan and is not affected by the formation of multimolecular aggregates of alasan above its saturation concentration. The presence of alasan more than doubled the rate of [14C]fluoranthene mineralization and significantly increased the rate of [14C]phenanthrene mineralization bySphingomonas paucimobilis EPA505. The results suggest that alasan-enhanced solubility of hydrophobic compounds has potential applications in bioremediation.
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48

de Souza Monteiro, Andrea, Vitor Domingues, Marcus VD Souza, Ivana Lula, Daniel Gonçalves, Ezequias Pessoa de Siqueira, and Vera dos Santos. "Bioconversion of biodiesel refinery waste in the bioemulsifier by Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans CLA2." Biotechnology for Biofuels 5, no. 1 (2012): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-29.

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49

Kltoz, S. A. "A Bioemulsifier Produced by Candida albicans Enhances Yeast Adherence to Intestinal Cells." Journal of Infectious Diseases 158, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/158.3.636.

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50

Suthar, Harish, Krushi Hingurao, Anjana Desai, and Anuradha Nerurkar. "Evaluation of bioemulsifier mediated Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery using sand pack column." Journal of Microbiological Methods 75, no. 2 (October 2008): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.06.007.

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