Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biodiversity indicator

Academic literature on the topic 'Biodiversity indicator'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Reyers, B., A. S. van Jaarsveld, and M. Krüger. "Complementarity as a biodiversity indicator strategy." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 267, no. 1442 (March 7, 2000): 505–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1029.

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Büchs, Wolfgang, Alexandra Harenberg, Joachim Zimmermann, and Birgit Weiß. "Biodiversity, the ultimate agri-environmental indicator?" Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 98, no. 1-3 (September 2003): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8809(03)00073-2.

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Bal, Payal, Ayesha IT Tulloch, Prue FE Addison, Eve McDonald-Madden, and Jonathan R. Rhodes. "Selecting indicator species for biodiversity management." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 16, no. 10 (November 13, 2018): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fee.1972.

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Sparks, Tim H., Stuart H. M. Butchart, Andrew Balmford, Leon Bennun, Damon Stanwell-Smith, Matt Walpole, Nicholas R. Bates, et al. "Linked indicator sets for addressing biodiversity loss." Oryx 45, no. 3 (June 21, 2011): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003060531100024x.

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AbstractThe target adopted by world leaders of significantly reducing the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 was not met but this stimulated a new suite of biodiversity targets for 2020 adopted by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in October 2010. Indicators will be essential for monitoring progress towards these targets and the CBD will be defining a suite of relevant indicators, building on those developed for the 2010 target. Here we argue that explicitly linked sets of indicators offer a more useful framework than do individual indicators because the former are easier to understand, communicate and interpret to guide policy. A Response-Pressure-State-Benefit framework for structuring and linking indicators facilitates an understanding of the relationships between policy actions, anthropogenic threats, the status of biodiversity and the benefits that people derive from it. Such an approach is appropriate at global, regional, national and local scales but for many systems it is easier to demonstrate causal linkages and use them to aid decision making at national and local scales. We outline examples of linked indicator sets for humid tropical forests and marine fisheries as illustrations of the concept and conclude that much work remains to be done in developing both the indicators and the causal links between them.
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Silva, A. C. F., P. Tavares, M. Shapouri, T. Y. Stigter, J. P. Monteiro, M. Machado, L. Cancela da Fonseca, and L. Ribeiro. "Estuarine biodiversity as an indicator of groundwater discharge." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 97 (January 2012): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.11.006.

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MENDONÇA, VALERIA MELO, Marta Jeidjane Borges Ribeiro, Ramon Santos Carvalho, Jandira Reis Vasconcelos, Gilton José Ferreira Da Silva, and Mário Jorge Campos Dos Santos. "The Technological Indicators and Plant Biodiversity." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss1.1289.

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The use of plant biodiversity in the elaboration of products or processes contributes to the progress of technological innovation and to the recognition of the profitable potential of biological resources. Therefore, this research aims to perform a systematic review on technological indicators of the use of genetic patrimony, specifically of vegetal biodiversity, to identify concepts and measurement techniques. A systematic survey was carried out at the bases of Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct using thematic strings (Genetic Patrimony, Plant Biodiversity and Technological Indicator). The recovered files were exported for analysis in StArt software. There was no mention of the topic, so the systematic review analyzed articles selected by combining strings adopting inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research made it possible to identify relevant and guiding data on the subject studied, but did not reveal the existence of an indicator or index that relates the use of vegetal biodiversity to the production of patents.
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Chape, S., J. Harrison, M. Spalding, and I. Lysenko. "Measuring the extent and effectiveness of protected areas as an indicator for meeting global biodiversity targets." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, no. 1454 (February 28, 2005): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1592.

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There are now over 100 000 protected areas worldwide, covering over 12% of the Earth's land surface. These areas represent one of the most significant human resource use allocations on the planet. The importance of protected areas is reflected in their widely accepted role as an indicator for global targets and environmental assessments. However, measuring the number and extent of protected areas only provides a unidimensional indicator of political commitment to biodiversity conservation. Data on the geographic location and spatial extent of protected areas will not provide information on a key determinant for meeting global biodiversity targets: ‘effectiveness’ in conserving biodiversity. Although tools are being devised to assess management effectiveness, there is no globally accepted metric. Nevertheless, the numerical, spatial and geographic attributes of protected areas can be further enhanced by investigation of the biodiversity coverage of these protected areas, using species, habitats or biogeographic classifications. This paper reviews the current global extent of protected areas in terms of geopolitical and habitat coverage, and considers their value as a global indicator of conservation action or response. The paper discusses the role of the World Database on Protected Areas and collection and quality control issues, and identifies areas for improvement, including how conservation effectiveness indicators may be included in the database to improve the value of protected areas data as an indicator for meeting global biodiversity targets.
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Dudley, Nigel, David Baldock, Robert Nasi, and Sue Stolton. "Measuring biodiversity and sustainable management in forests and agricultural landscapes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, no. 1454 (February 28, 2005): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1593.

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Most of the world's biodiversity will continue to exist outside protected areas and there are also managed lands within many protected areas. In the assessment of millennium targets, there is therefore a need for indicators to measure biodiversity and suitability of habitats for biodiversity both across the whole landscape/seascape and in specific managed habitats. The two predominant land uses in many inhabited areas are forestry and agriculture and these are examined. Many national-level criteria and indicator systems already exist that attempt to assess biodiversity in forests and the impacts of forest management, but there is generally less experience in measuring these values in agricultural landscapes. Existing systems are reviewed, both for their usefulness in providing indicators and to assess the extent to which they have been applied. This preliminary gap analysis is used in the development of a set of indicators suitable for measuring progress towards the conservation of biodiversity in managed forests and agriculture. The paper concludes with a draft set of indicators for discussion, with suggestions including proportion of land under sustainable management, amount of produce from such land, area of natural or high quality semi-natural land within landscapes under sustainable management and key indicator species.
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Husain, Dr Hishmi Jamil, and Siddharth Trivedi. "Use of Biodiversity Indicator and Reporting System (BIRS) for Biodiversity Assessment In Mining Landscape." International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ijsem/09.01.a002.

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The main aim of the study was to find out the critical biodiversity index of different habitats present within the state of Jharkhand and Odisha where Tata Steel Ltd carries out its Mining operations. The study has focused upon the biodiversity results discussion based on different biodiversity sites present within the areas. The positivism philosophy has been used for the conduction of the research. The research has focused on an inductive approach with a descriptive project design. The first-hand data collected by the Researcher has acted as the project outcomes to depict the clear image of the biodiversity within this range. The delineation method has been used to isolate the habitats and conducting the research. The biodiversity indexes found from this research have shown a greater than 1 value in every case. For Joda, Keonjhar, Odisha, it has been 4.5, contradictorily in Deojhar, Keonjhar, Odisha, it is 5.9, showing the high range of Diversity present in the ecologies of these places. The research outcome has also opened a future scope of finding out new unknown species that have been seen within the deep forests of this region. The knowledge about BIRS has been also gained with the help of this study that has focused on finding out the generic tendency of conducting biodiversity index analysis research.
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Guo, Li, Wu Xiaopu, Luo Zunlan, and Li Junsheng. "Establishing an indicator system for biodiversity assessment in China." Biodiversity Science 19, no. 5 (November 15, 2011): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1003.2011.08068.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Uliczka, Helen. "Forest biodiversity maintenance : instruments and indicators in the policy implementation /." Uppsala : Dept. of Conservation Biology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s291.pdf.

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Paillet, Yoan. "Les microhabitats des arbres : facteurs d'influence, lien avec la biodiversité et potentiel indicateur." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MNHN0028/document.

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Un indicateur permet de mesurer des grandeurs ou des phénomènes trop compliqués ou trop coûteux à mesurer de manière directe. Lorsqu’il s’agit de biodiversité, les indicateurs sont indispensables au regard de la complexité à avoir une image précise de l’état et de la dynamique des espèces. En forêt, les microhabitats des arbres (e.g.cavités, fentes du bois, carpophores de champignons lignicoles) sont considérés comme des indicateurs potentiels de biodiversité, plus spécifiques que des structures telles que le volume de bois mort total. Cependant, les références scientifiques établissant le lien entre métriques de microhabitats et mesures de biodiversité restent rares, et ne concernent la plupart du temps qu’un seul groupe taxonomique. Plus largement, et à l’instar d’autres indicateurs, les microhabitats ne bénéficient pas d’une démarche standardisée permettant de les valider en tant qu’indicateurs de biodiversité forestière. Ce travail de thèse contribue à cette validation. Il s’articule autour de trois aspects entrant en compte dans la validation d’un indicateur, il s’est agi : (i) De quantifier et réduire les incertitudes sur les inventaires de microhabitats. A cette fin, une première typologie de référence a été établie, avec pour but de standardiser et d’homogénéiser les relevés de microhabitats. Cette typologie adopte une structure hiérarchique et évolutive, ce qui permet de l’utiliser dans différents contextes. Le biais potentiel lié aux observateurs a également été quantifié, de manière à pouvoir mieux le prendre en compte dans les futurs inventaires ;(ii) De mieux comprendre les facteurs d’influence des microhabitats aux deux échelles. A l’échelle de l’arbre, l’analyse d’un jeu de données national a permis de généraliser la relation entre caractéristiques individuelles des arbres (espèce, diamètre, vitalité) et le nombre et l’occurrence des microhabitats. A l’échelle de la parcelle forestière, une analyse des densités et des types d’arbres porteurs de microhabitats sur un gradient élargi d’exploitation forestière, comparant zones exploitées et non exploitées, a permis de mettre en évidence le rôle crucial des gros arbres et des arbres morts ; (iii) D’établir le lien entre microhabitats et la diversité de trois groupes taxonomiques au travers d’une approche mobilisant le cadre analytique des modèles d’équations structurelles. Les microhabitats sont médiateurs de l’arrêt de l’exploitation et de structures typiques des vieilles forêts (gros arbres vivants et morts) sur la biodiversité des chauves-souris et des oiseaux, et dans une moindre mesure des coléoptères saproxyliques. Au final, les microhabitats ne constituent pas un indicateur universel de biodiversité mais ont un rôle complémentaire des autres structures forestières traditionnellement utilisées pour décrire la biodiversité. Ce travail de thèse contribue à préciser leur potentiel indicateur et envisage des pistes de recherche permettant de continuer à valider leur rôle
An indicator is a tool to measure metrics or phenomenons too complex or costly to measure directly. In the case of biodiversity, indicators are essential regarding the complexity to assess species state and dynamics. In forest, tree microhabitats (e.g.cavities, cracks in the wood, conks of lignicolous fungi) have been recently considered as a potential biodiversity indicator, with a more specific focus than other structures like deadwood volume. However, scientific references linking tree microhabitat metrics and biodiversity measures are still rare, and limited to a few taxonomic groups. More generally, like other indicators, the validation process of microhabitats as biodiversity indicators is not standardized. This ph-d thesis contributes to this validation and adresses three aspects included in an indicator validation process. The main aims were to: (i) Quantify and reduce incertitudes on tree microhabitat inventories. We thus proposed a first reference typology to standardize and homogenize microhabitats inventories. This typology has a hierarchical and evolutive structure, which allows its use in different contexts and for different purposes. We also quantified the potential bias linked to observer effects, in order to better take it into account in future inventories ; (ii) Better understand the influence of different factors on tree microhabitats at two different scales. At the tree scale, through the analysis of a national database, we generalized the relationships between tree characteristics (species, diameter, vitality) and number and occurrence of tree microhabitats. At the stand scale, we analysed the densities and types of microhabitat-bearing trees on an enlarged forest management gradient, comparing strict reserves and managed forests. These two studies evidenced the crucial role of large trees and snags in the provision of tree microhabitats ; (iii) Link tree microhabitats with the biodiversity of three taxonomic groups through the framework of structural equation models. We showed that microhabitats mediate the effects of management abandonment and old-growth forest features (large living and dead trees) on the biodiversity of birds and bats, and to a lesser extent on saproxylic beetles. In the end, tree microhabitat are not a universal biodiversity indicator but have a complementary role compared to other forest structures traditionally used to assess biodiversity. This ph-d thesis specifies the role of tree microhabitats as biodiversity indicators and proposes further research to continue validating them as such
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Clergué, Boris. "Évaluation de l'impact des pratiques agricoles sur les fonctions de la biodiversité à l'aide d'indicateurs agri-environnementaux : approche globale et développement d'un indicateur de "résistance aux stress biotiques"." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL048N/document.

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Des outils d’évaluation pertinents sont nécessaires pour évaluer l’impact des pratiques agricoles sur les fonctions assurées par la biodiversité de l’échelle de la parcelle à l’échelle du territoire. L’objectif et l’innovation du présent travail a été d’explorer une nouvelle méthode de création d’un outil d’évaluation des fonctions de la biodiversité. Nous avons choisi comme méthode d’évaluation les indicateurs agri-environnementaux, qui permettent d’évaluer l’impact des pratiques agricoles sur les compartiments de l’environnement (eau, sol, air, faune et flore) et aident à la prise de décisions. Nous proposons donc une architecture générale d’un indicateur de biodiversité fonctionnelle et le détail d’un indicateur de fonction agronomique d’importance: la résistance aux stress biotiques. Au sein de cet indicateur se trouve un sous-indicateur : le « rôle des auxiliaires terrestre ». Les carabes seront utilisés comme auxiliaire modèle pour la construction de ce sous-indicateur. Deux méthodes de construction d’indicateurs sont comparées: une méthode à dire d’expert et une méthode par fouille de données, cette deuxième méthode représentant une innovation de la thèse. Les résultats de ces méthodes sont ensuite comparés à des mesures de terrain conduit sur le territoire de Vittel. Les mesures de terrain ont concerné le suivi des populations de carabes, et l’organisation du territoire agricole. Un traitement par un système d’information géographique a permis la validation des indicateurs obtenus
Relevant tools for assessment are necessary to evaluate the impact of agricultural pratices on the functions provided by biodiversity at the plot scale to the landscape scale. The goal and the innovation of this work has been to explore a new method of creation of an assessment tool of the biodiversity functions. We have chosen like assessment method the agri-environmental indicators, which make it possible to evaluate the impact of agricultural practices on environment compartments (water, soil, air, fauna and flora) and help to decision-making. We thus propose a general architecture of an indicator of functional biodiversity and the detail of an agronomic function indicator of importance: resistance to the biotic stresses. Within this indicator, an under-indicator is: the « role of the terrestrial auxiliaries ». Carabids will be used as model auxiliary for the construction of this under-indicator. Two building methods of indicators are compared: a method with expert saying and a method with data mining, this second method representing an innovation of the thesis. The results of these methods are then compared with field datas leads on the Vittel territory. Field datas related to the follow-up of the carabid populations and the organization of the agricultural landscape. A treatment by a geographical information system allowed the validation of the indicators obtained
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Roberge, Jean-Michel. "Umbrella species as a conservation planning tool : an assessment using resident birds in hemiboreal and boreal forests /." Uppsala : Dept. of Conservation Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200684.pdf.

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Haneji, Choshin, Van Tu Do, Duc Loi Vu, and Tuan Hung Duong. "Composing biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystem in Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-190317.

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Biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park were composed, taking into account the environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, based on suggested indicators provided by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Relevant environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, identified by bibliographic and field surveys, were ordered by Pressures, State, Benefits, and Responses categories following the guidance of the Biodiversity Indicators Partnership. Furthermore, the linked relationships among the indicators were identified for effective monitoring of biodiversity in Xuan Thuy National Park
Dựa trên các chỉ thị được gợi ý từ Công ước về Đa dạng sinh học, các chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học phục vụ công tác bảo tồn các hệ sinh thái rừng ngập mặn của Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy đã được xây dựng, có tính đến các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người. Các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người có liên quan, được xác định bằng việc tổng hợp và đánh giá các tài liệu và các đợt điều tra ngoài thực địa, dưới trật tự các nhóm Áp lực, Tình trạng, Lợi ích và Đáp ứng theo hướng dẫn của Đối tác chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học. Hơn thế nữa, các mối quan hệ liên kết giữa các chỉ thị đã được xác định nhằm quan trắc hiệu quả đa dạng sinh học ở Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy
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Sevin, Jennifer Ann. "Protecting biodiversity through monitoring of management indicator species questioning designations of Ursus americanus (black bear) and Plethodon jordani (Jordan's salamander) /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11062003-155421/unrestricted/etd.pdf.

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Van, Frank Gaëlle. "Gestion participative de la diversité cultivée et création de mélanges diversifiés de blé tendre à la ferme." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS525/document.

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La transition d'une agriculture diversifiée à un système productiviste a entraîné une perte de diversité cultivée et pose de nombreux enjeux environnementaux, sociétaux et de santé. Des alternatives telles que l'agro-écologie ont émergé, reposant sur la valorisation de l'agro-biodiversité, notamment de la diversité génétique au sein des agroécosystèmes. Constatant qu'aucune des variétés du catalogue n'est adaptée à leurs besoins, des paysan.ne.s et animateur.trice.s du Réseau Semences Paysannes (RSP) mènent depuis 2006, en collaboration avec l'équipe DEAP (Diversité, Évolution et Adaptation des Populations) de l'UMR GQE Le Moulon, un projet de sélection participative (SP) du blé tendre. Ces paysan.ne.s mobilisent la diversité pour sélectionner des populations adaptées à leurs pratiques, terroirs et débouchés, dans le but de retrouver une autonomie semencière et une cohérence de leur système. Ma thèse porte sur l'étude des impacts des pratiques de gestion collective et de sélection paysanne sur la diversité cultivée du blé et l'adaptation des populations. Elle vise à proposer des adaptations éventuelles des pratiques de SP existantes et d'appuyer la mise en place de nouveaux projets. Les impacts de pratiques de création et sélection à la ferme de mélanges de populations sur leur comportement agronomique et morphologique ont été évalués par une expérimentation en collaboration avec une quinzaine de paysan.ne.s et animateur.trice.s du RSP. Dans une deuxième partie nous avons étudié les impacts de la sélection naturelle et la sélection paysanne sur l'évolution des populations, leur stabilité et leur adaptation aux environnements au cours du projet de SP blé. Ensuite une étude prospective a porté sur les impacts de l'adoption de peuplements hétérogènes sur la diversité cultivée à l'échelle du paysage, par l'évaluation de la diversité des populations issues de SP, la simulation de scénarii d'adoption des peuplements hétérogènes et l'utilisation d'indicateurs de la diversité cultivée. Enfin, je me suis intéressée aux impacts qu'ont les paramètres du dispositif expérimental mis en place sur les fermes sur l'ajustement et la précision des estimations par les modèles Bayésiens utilisés, afin d'améliorer notre capacité à détecter des différences significatives entre populations et de donner des recommandations pour d'autres projets d'évaluation décentralisée de variétés utilisant les dispositifs et modèles développés dans projet SP blé français
The transition from a diversified agriculture to a productivist system has led to a decline in cultivated diversity and raises many environmental, societal and health issues. Alternatives such as agro-ecology have emerged, based in particular on the enhancement of agro-biodiversity and genetic diversity within agro-ecosystems. Considering that there are no varieties adapted to their needs in the catalogue, farmers and facilitators from the Réseau Semences Paysannes (RSP) have been conducting a participatory breeding project (PPB) for bread wheat since 2006, in collaboration with the DEAP (Diversity, Evolution and Adaptation of Populations) team at UMR GQE Le Moulon. These farmers are mobilizing diversity to select populations adapted to their practices, terroir and outlets, with the aim of regaining their seed autonomy and a coherence of their system. My thesis focuses on the study of the impacts of collective management and peasant selection practices on wheat crop diversity and population adaptation. It aims to propose possible adaptation of existing PPB practices and to support the implementation of new projects. The impacts of on-farm creation and selection practices of population mixtures on their agronomic and morphological behaviour were evaluated through an experiment in collaboration with about fifteen farmers and facilitators from the RSP. In a second part we studied the impacts of natural selection and peasant selection on the evolution of populations, their stability and adaptation to environments during the wheat PPB project. Then a prospective study on the impacts of the adoption of heterogeneous varieties on cultivated diversity at the landscape level was conducted, by assessing the diversity of populations from PPB, simulating adoption of heterogeneous varieties scenarii and using cultivated diversity indicators. Finally, the impacts of the on-farm experimental design parameters on the adjustment and accuracy of estimates from Bayesian models were assessed, to improve our ability to detect significant differences between populations and to provide recommendations for other decentralized variety evaluation projects using the designs and models developed in the French wheat PPB project
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Pettersson, Kristin. "Naturvärdesbedömning av naturreservatet Blänkabacken, i Örebro kommun : Inventering av signalarter med fokus på mossor och lavar som indikerar höga naturvärden i skogsmiljöer." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5380.

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Haneji, Choshin, Van Tu Do, Duc Loi Vu, and Tuan Hung Duong. "Composing biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystem in Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam: Research article." Technische Universität Dresden, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29077.

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Biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park were composed, taking into account the environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, based on suggested indicators provided by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Relevant environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, identified by bibliographic and field surveys, were ordered by Pressures, State, Benefits, and Responses categories following the guidance of the Biodiversity Indicators Partnership. Furthermore, the linked relationships among the indicators were identified for effective monitoring of biodiversity in Xuan Thuy National Park.
Dựa trên các chỉ thị được gợi ý từ Công ước về Đa dạng sinh học, các chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học phục vụ công tác bảo tồn các hệ sinh thái rừng ngập mặn của Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy đã được xây dựng, có tính đến các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người. Các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người có liên quan, được xác định bằng việc tổng hợp và đánh giá các tài liệu và các đợt điều tra ngoài thực địa, dưới trật tự các nhóm Áp lực, Tình trạng, Lợi ích và Đáp ứng theo hướng dẫn của Đối tác chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học. Hơn thế nữa, các mối quan hệ liên kết giữa các chỉ thị đã được xác định nhằm quan trắc hiệu quả đa dạng sinh học ở Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy.
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Teillard, d'Eyry Félix. "Reconciling food production and biodiversity in farmlands : the role of agricultural intensity and its spatial allocation." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766882.

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During the past several decades, agricultural intensification has been crucial to increase the food supply. Several processes related to intensification are very detrimental to the environment, particularly biodiversity. Today, agriculture is facing the challenge of satisfying its demand for food while improving its environmental sustainability. Knowledge of the shape of the relationship between biodiversity and intensity is necessary to determine both where conservation policies will be most effective and how to allocate intensity to reconcile production and biodiversity. Few empirical studies on this relationship exist, and the influence of the spatial arrangement of intensity on biodiversity remains untested. This Ph.D. thesis determined how to target both agricultural intensity and its spatial allocation for meeting production and conservation objectives of farmlands. To answer this research question, we used a country-scaled approach that combined two France-scaled databases that describe agriculture and farmland birds. We characterized a nationwide gradient of agricultural intensity and studied a farmland bird community along this gradient, using several trait-based descriptors (specialization, trophic level, and species main habitat). Agricultural intensity and bird communities were described at the Small Agricultural Region (SAR; mean width = 22.4 km) level. As a first step, we developed a novel method to estimate an intensity indicator that was based on Input Costs/ha, with SAR resolution. This indicator provides a continuous intensity measure that is relevant across different types of agricultural systems. Secondly, we investigated the effects of a gradient of land uses (grassland to arable land) and its heterogeneity on the bird community. We found habitat specialists suffered from habitat loss, while generalists benefited from heterogeneity. Thirdly, we showed that the community responded significantly to intensity, with winner species replacing loser species along the gradient. The shift between losers and winners was sharper at low intensities. Interestingly, spatial aggregation of intensity had a strengthening effect on the bird community. Finally, the relationships linking intensity to the bird community, food production, and economic performance were integrated into a model aimed at optimizing intensity allocation. Optimal allocations reached win-no-lose solutions with the three criteria. They corresponded to targeted intensity modifications: many small changed, favoring homogeneous, extensive clusters, were optimal within an extensification scenario; while a few large changes, favoring heterogeneity, were optimal within an intensification scenario. We provide one of the first studies demonstrating that spatial aggregation of intensity can influence the biodiversity/intensity relationship. Our results also provide an opportunity to improve the effectiveness of conservation policies, at national scales, with spatial targeting: opposite targeting should be performed either to maximize biodiversity benefits or to increase production, while mitigating biodiversity impacts. Our results highlight the importance of mixed allocation strategies between land sparing/sharing extremes. In order to put these opportunities into effect, further research should address the technical solutions that achieve intensity modification at the farm level and design targeted policies that benefit biodiversity and other environmental criteria
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Books on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Neave, Peter. Agroecosystem biodiversity indicator: Habitat component. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1998.

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Schulz, Bethany. Sampling and estimation procedures for the vegetation diversity and structure indicator. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2009.

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Schulz, Bethany. Sampling and estimation procedures for the vegetation diversity and structure indicator. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2009.

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Moseley, Kurtis R. A multi-criteria decisionmaking approach for management indicator species selection on the Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2010.

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Wolfgang, Büchs, ed. Biotic indicators for biodiversity and sustainable agriculture. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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Forest Biodiversity Indicators Workshop (1993 Sault St. Marie, Ont.). Towards a set of biodiversity indicators for Canadian forests: Forest biodiversity indicators workshop, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, November 29-December 1, 1993. Edited by McKenney Daniel William and Great Lakes Forestry Centre. Sault Ste. Marie: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1994.

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Lindenmayer, David, Philip Barton, and Jennifer Pierson. Indicators and surrogates of biodiversity and environmental change. Clayton, Vic: CSIRO Publishing, 2015.

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Catherine, Souty-Grosset, ed. Management of freshwater biodiversity: Crayfish as bioindicators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Ackermann, Werner. Indikatoren zur biologischen Vielfalt: Entwicklung und Bilanzierung. Bonn-Bad Godesberg: Bundesamt für Naturschutz, 2013.

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Expert consultation on nutrition indicators for biodiversity: Food consumption. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Noon, Barry R. "Keystone and Indicator Species." In Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity, 105–11. Second edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2020] | Revised edition of: Encyclopedia of natural resources. [2014].: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445651-13.

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Joshi, B. D., Induja Mishra, Namita Joshi, and Pashupati Nath. "Erythrocytes as an Indicator of Diseases in a Freshwater Catfish Heteropnuetes Fossilis (Bloch.)." In Biodiversity, 325–30. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003220398-21.

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Bousquin, Justin, and Marisa Mazzotta. "Rapid Benefit Indicator Tools." In Ecosystem-Based Management, Ecosystem Services and Aquatic Biodiversity, 309–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45843-0_16.

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O'Brien, Timothy G., and Margaret F. Kinnaird. "The Wildlife Picture Index: A Biodiversity Indicator for Top Trophic Levels." In Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation, 45–70. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118490747.ch3.

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Jones, Kate E., Jon A. Russ, Andriy-Taras Bashta, Zoltálan Bilhari, Colin Catto, István Csősz, Alexander Gorbachev, et al. "Indicator Bats Program: A System for the Global Acoustic Monitoring of Bats." In Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation, 211–47. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118490747.ch10.

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Ishida, Shinya, Taku Kadoya, and Noriko Takamura. "An Integrated Indicator of Biodiversity in Agricultural Ponds: Definition and Validation." In Integrative Observations and Assessments, 295–310. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54783-9_15.

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Oyama, Yoichi, Bunkei Matsushita, and Takehiko Fukushima. "Cyanobacterial Blooms as an Indicator of Environmental Degradation in Waters and Their Monitoring Using Satellite Remote Sensing." In Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services, 71–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0780-4_6.

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Tanaka, Koichi, and Fumio Ihara. "Biodiversity Research for the Development of Indicator Organisms in Environment-Preserving Agriculture." In The Biodiversity Observation Network in the Asia-Pacific Region, 375–85. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54032-8_26.

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Karimov, B. K., and V. N. Talskikh. "Biodiversity of Indicator Biocenoses of Lotic Ecosystems of the Aral Sea Basin, Central Asia, Used in Hydrobiological Monitoring." In Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainability in Asia, 1031–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73943-0_57.

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Méndez-López, María Elena, María Fernanda Cepeda-González, Karla Juliana Rodríguez-Robayo, Lilian Juárez-Téllez, Mariana Rivera-De Velasco, Rosa Martha Peralta-Blanco, Nicolás Chan-Chuc, et al. "“To Take Care of the Land Means Taking Care of Ourselves”: Local Perceptions on Human and Environmental Health in a High Agro-Biodiversity Landscape in the Yucatan Peninsula." In Biodiversity-Health-Sustainability Nexus in Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 89–105. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9893-4_5.

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AbstractThe Forest and Milpa Landscape (FML) is a territory comprising 64 municipalities in the Yucatan Peninsula where the rainforest and the milpa system coexist. The ecosystems that predominate in the FML are sub-deciduous and subtropical evergreen forests, which represent an essential carbon reservoir worldwide. The use of natural resources for food security of FML families is associated with the milpa, which is a system that depends on the rainfall and the soil’s ability to retain water. Within the framework of the 2020–2030 Country Strategy of the GEF Small Grants Programme (SGP), 20 indicators associated with the FML’s resilience were evaluated through a participatory approach. The methodological route consisted of adapting the Toolkit for the Indicators of Resilience in Socio-ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS). A topic that generated much concern among participants was human health. The reflection generated around this indicator recognised problems associated with water contamination by agrochemicals and changes in diet, resulting in recurrent diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The solutions proposed by the small producers are linked to the sustainable management of ecosystems and education on values towards traditional and agroecological food production.
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Conference papers on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Versluijs, Martijn, and Jean-Michel Roberge. "The three-toed woodpecker: an important biodiversity indicator and model species for the conservation of biodiversity in boreal forests." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107180.

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Molodykh, T., and Irina Svistova. "SPECIES DIVERSITY OF SOIL MICROMYCETES RECREATIONAL AREAS OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH." In Reproduction, monitoring and protection of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic landscapes. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/rmpnnaal2021_76-80.

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The indicators of the biodiversity of micromycete complex in recreational and residential zones of Voronezh are determined. Indicator species are proposed to assess the level of urban load on chernozem soils. The ecological danger of accumulation of introduced species of fungi in urban soils is estimated.
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Negreiros, Ramoni Reus Barros, Rafael Araújo Dos Santos, André Luiz Firmino Alves, and Anderson Almeida Firmino. "Oil Identification on Beaches Using Deep Learning Techniques." In Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sibgrapi.est.2020.13003.

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The oil spill on the beaches of the Brazilian northeast coast has caused disastrous consequences, both for us human beings, as well as for the marine biodiversity. Bearing in mind that its identification is not easy, we propose to do it in this article, using a machine learning approach, a type of artificial intelligence widely used in the area of image classification, alongside with a Convolutional Neural Network. In this regard, we have as main objective the training of a model able to distinguish images, automatically, in three types of classes: (i) normal beaches; (ii) beaches with gulf-weed, a biological indicator of pollution; and (iii) beaches with oil. In the best scenario evaluated, we achieved an average accuracy of 91%.
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Astuti, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning, Soenarwan Hery Poerwanto, Niken Satuti Nur Handayani, and Suwarno Hadisusanto. "Abundance and periodicity of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) as early indicator of filariasis transmission in Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953519.

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Petriccione, Bruno, C. Cindolo, C. Cocciufa, S. Ferlazzo, and G. Parisi. "Un indicatore dello stato della biodiversità delle foreste europee." In Terzo Congresso Nazionale di Selvicoltura. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/cns2008.031.

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Rowland, Jessica, David Keith, and Emily Nicholson. "Using the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems to develop biodiversity indicators." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107926.

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Boughattas, Sonia, Dana Al Batesh, Bruno Giraldes, Asmaa Al-Thani, and Fatiha Benslimane. "Optimized DNA Extracting Method for Oxford Nanopore- Long reads Sequencing from Marine samples." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0136.

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Sustaining social and economic growth is impossible without a holistic environmental vision that places environmental preservation for Qatar’s future generations at the forefront. According to the Ministry of Development and Planning and Statistics, the Qatar National Vision (QNV) 2030 aims to direct Qatar towards a balance between developmental needs and the protection of its natural environment, whether land, sea or air. As such, the QNV 2030 includes an emphasis on establishing environmental institutions that can serve as the guardians of Qatar’s environmental heritage. The QNV 2030 also emphasizes the importance of increasing citizens’ awareness of their role in protecting the country’s environment for their children and the nation’s future generations. The State of Qatar has chosen to pursue the path of sustainable development, making it the focus of the Qatar National Development Strategy. Given the large-scale industrialization and the limited land availability, the urban environment will be crucial in maintaining native species. The presence of heavy petrochemical firms in Qatar necessitates stressing on researches related to biomonitoring of environmental ecosystem with the aim to understand and provide impactful solution for different environmental challenges affecting Qatari health, and damages to local ecosystem. Due to the extreme temperatures and salinities in the Gulf region, the national biodiversity has adapted to survive under extreme conditions. Furthermore, the barriers that isolate the Arabian Gulf have created an environment that is rich with endemic species that are specific to the region. As such, this project aimed to cover the gap in the genomic analysis of Qatar’s rich environment. The goal was to decipher the genetic background of different animal species, marine and environmental species specific to the Qatari environmental landscape that has been previously described by Qatar University’s environmental science center. The study also deciphered the microflora in marine environment that is an important building block of the environment and an indicator of its richness. The outcome from this study is to help in preservation of important species in Qatar and will guide the establishment of a national genomic habitat platform in Qatar
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Munjiu, Oxana, and Nadejda Andreev. "Zoobenthos of the Dniester river on the territory of the Republic of Moldova for the period 2018-2021." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.09.

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The data on the influence of dams on the structural and functional parameters of the macrobenthos of the Dniester River on the territory of the Republic of Moldova are presented. A decrease in the biodiversity and number of groups most sensitive to negative environmental changes (mayflies, stoneflies and caddis flies) was noted. The results described in this article, indicate that the total number of zoobenthos species and the number of most sensitive species to negative environmental changes can serve as suitable indicators of the impact of hydropower facilities on the Dniester River
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Zvaigzne, Anete, Andra Blumberga, and Saulius Vasarevičius. "APPLICATION OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL ON AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE." In Conference for Junior Researchers „Science – Future of Lithuania“. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aainz.2016.33.

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Agricultural land comprises an important share of the total terrestrial land. Therefore it plays a crucial role in the health of the so-called foundation of all types of ecosystem services – biodiversity. This research aims at providing a tool for evaluating the state of biodiversity in an agricultural landscape by using different agri-environmental indicators. A system dynamics model is built that encloses agricultural land use parameters, agricultural land use intensity, landscape fragmentation patterns, crop diversity and other aspects that have an important effect on biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. This research is an attempt to use information available for public to assess the degree to which agricultural landscape may benefit from landscape greening activities, changes in crop management activities etc. At the end of this research landscape biodiversity of an intensive farming region in Latvia (Bauska district) will be evaluated.
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Szabolcs, Márton, Szabolcs Lengyel, Beatrix Kosztyi, Dirk Schmeller, Pierre-Yves Henry, Mladen Kotarac, Yu-Pin Lin, and Klaus Henle. "How are we monitoring biodiversity? Indicators for evaluating and benchmarking species and habitat monitoring programmes in Europe." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107657.

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Reports on the topic "Biodiversity indicator"

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Black, Richard, Joshua Busby, Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Cedric de Coning, Hafsa Maalim, Claire McAllister, Melvis Ndiloseh, et al. Environment of Peace: Security in a New Era of Risk. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/lcls7037.

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The environmental crisis is increasing risks to security and peace worldwide, notably in countries that are already fragile. Indicators of insecurity such as the number of conflicts, the number of hungry people and military expenditure are rising; so are indicators of environmental decline, in climate change, biodiversity, pollution and other areas. In combination, the security and environmental crises are creating compound, cascading, emergent, systemic and existential risks. Without profound changes of approach by institutions of authority, risks will inevitably proliferate quickly. Environment of Peace surveys the evolving risk landscape and documents a number of developments that indicate a pathway to solutions––in international law and policy, in peacekeeping operations and among non-governmental organizations. It finds that two principal avenues need to be developed: (a) combining peace-building and environmental restoration, and (b) effectively addressing the underlying environmental issues. It also analyses the potential of existing and emerging pro-environment measures for exacerbating risks to peace and security. The findings demonstrate that only just and peaceful transitions to more sustainable practices can be effective––and show that these transitions also need to be rapid.
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Weissinger, Rebecca. Evaluation of hanging-garden endemic-plant monitoring at Southeast Utah Group national parks, 2013–2020. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294868.

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Hanging gardens are the most common type of spring at Arches National Park (NP) and Natural Bridges National Monument (NM). They are also present at Canyonlands National Park, but hanging gardens are rare off the Colorado Plateau. Their cliffside setting provides stable access to water without flood disturbance. This combination provides unique habitat that is rich in endemic plant species. The diffuse, seeping emergence of water makes measuring springflow impossible at most sites. Park managers have an interest in monitoring hanging gardens—especially as the climate warms and aridity and water demand both increase. The Northern Colorado Plateau Net-work (NCPN) proposed methods for monitoring seven perennial endemic-plant species at hanging gardens as indicators of spring health and proxies for water availability. Because hanging gardens occur on bedrock outcrops, systematic or random sampling was not possible due to safety concerns and potential resource damage on steep, wet slopes. Examining eight years (2013–2020) of data, this report evaluates the suitability of endemic-plant count data at hanging gardens as a monitoring indicator. It also provides our first evaluation of status and trends at NCPN hanging gardens. The seven species included in monitoring were Rydberg’s thistle (Cirsium rydbergii), Kachina daisy (Erigeron kachinensis), alcove death camas (Zigadenus vaginatus), alcove bog orchid (Habenaria zothecina), cave primrose (Primula specuicola), alcove columbine (Aquilegia micrantha), and Eastwood’s monkeyflower (Mimulus eastwoodiae). Six of the seven species were found at each park. Up to 500 individuals of each species were counted at 42 hanging gardens in Arches NP, 14 hanging gardens in Natural Bridges NM, and 3 hanging gardens in Canyonlands NP. Larger populations were divided into count classes of 501–1,000, 1,001–10,000, and more than 10,000 individuals. Counts from two independent observers and from back-to-back years of sampling were compared for repeatability. Repeatability in count classes was less than 50% for Kachina daisy and Eastwood’s monkeyflower, which both propagate vegetatively via ramets and/or stolons. Repeatability was greater than 90% for only one species, Rydberg’s thistle. The remaining species were categorized in different classes between 15–40% of the time. Independent-observer comparisons were only available for 6.6% of the dataset, but these observations suggested that (1) observer bias was present and (2) the observer with more experience working in hanging gardens generally had higher counts than the observer with less experience in this system. Although repeatability was variable, it was within the range reported by other studies for most species. The NCPN, in discussion with park staff, has elected to make some modifications to the protocol but will continue using endemic plant counts as an indicator of hanging-garden health to maintain a biological variable as a complement to our physical-response data. This is due to their high value to park biodiversity and the difficulty of developing a more robust approach to monitoring in these sites. Endemic-plant monitoring will continue for the five species with the highest repeatability during pilot monitoring and will focus on detecting changes in smaller populations. Most hanging gardens have more than one endemic species present, so several populations can be tracked at each site. Our period of record is relatively brief, and the distribution of endemic-plant populations in different count classes at these sites has not yet shown any statistical trends over time. Be-cause of the large count classes, our methods are more sensitive to showing change in smaller populations (fewer than 500 individuals). Small populations are also of greatest concern to park managers because of their vulnerability to declines or extirpation due to drought. Over-all, more sites had endemic-plant populations of fewer than 100 individuals at the end...
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Tsybekmitova, G. Ts, L. D. Radnaeva, N. A. Tashlykova, V. G. Shiretorova, A. K. Tulokhonov, B. B. Bazarova, and M. O. Matveeva. THE EFFECT OF CLIMATIC SHIFTS ON BIODIVERSITY OF PHYTOCENOSIS: LAKE ARAKHLEY (EASTERN SIBERIA, RUSSIA). DOICODE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0973-7308-2020-35-3-77-90.

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Lake Arakhley is located within the Lake Baikal basin in Eastern Siberia, Russia. The area is characterized by continental subarctic climate with considerate diurnal temperature range, long cold dry winters and short hot summers with more precipitation occurring during the latter half of the summer. Climatic shifts in high water years and low water years result in morphometric changes in the lake and in the chemical and physical parameters of the ecosystem. During low water years, concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are decreased, whereas nitrate concentration increases. High water years feature average concentrations of ammonium ions 1.5–2 times higher than the values of recent dry years. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of abiotic factors and biotic community indicated that the community structure shows the greatest correlation with physical and chemical parameters of water and biogenic elements (nitrites, ammonium, phosphates) along the first axis, and with the lake depth and transparency along the second axis. Changes in abiotic factors induce functioning and formation of characteristic communities of the primary producers in the trophic structure of the ecosystem. During low water years, with increased level of autochthonous organic matter, Lindavia comta dominance is observed, while during high water years, with increased allochthonous organic matter Asterionella formosa appeared as dominant. Currently, during low water years, the hydrophytes community is monodominant and composed of Ceratophyllum demersum. Meanwhile, such species indicating eutrophic conditions as Myriophyllum sibiricum, Potamogeton pectinatus are found in the lake vegetation.
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Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.
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Perkins, Dustin. Invasive exotic plant monitoring in Capitol Reef National Park: 2020 and 2021 field seasons. National Park Service, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294094.

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Invasive exotic plant (IEP) species are a significant threat to natural ecosystem integrity and biodiversity. Controlling them is a high priority for the National Park Service. The Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) selected the early detection of IEPs as one of 11 moni-toring protocols to be implemented as part of its long-term monitoring program. From June 5 to July 29, 2020, and May 30 to June 2, 2021, network staff conducted surveys for priority IEP species along the Oak Creek, Pleasant Creek, and State Route 24 monitoring routes at Capitol Reef National Park. We detected 834 patches of 11 priority IEP species along 67.9 kilometers (42.2 miles) of three monitoring routes. There were more patches of tamarisk along State Route 24, and a higher percentage of large patches, than in previous years. This indicates that previously identified IEP patches have expanded and grown. Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) along State Route 24 have both increased in prevalence since monitoring began. Tamarisk (Tamarix sp.) was the most prevalent prior-ity IEP species on all three routes. On Oak and Pleasant creeks, there were fewer than three patches of all other IEPs. On State Route 24, there were 30 or more patches of Russian olive, quackgrass (Elymus repens), field bindweed, and blue mustard (Chorispora tenella). IEP prior-ity species were found on 71%, 47%, and 62% of transects along Oak Creek, Pleasant Creek, and State Route 24, respectively. Yellow sweet-clover (Melilotus officinalis) was the most fre-quently observed IEP on Oak Creek and Pleasant Creek. Percent cover was highest for yellow sweet-clover, Russian thistle (Salsola sp.), and tamarisk on Oak Creek, Pleasant Creek, and State Route 24, respectively. The NCPN plans to return to Capitol Reef in 2023 to continue the fourth rotation of invasive plant monitoring.
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Albright, Jeff, Kim Struthers, Lisa Baril, John Spence, Mark Brunson, and Ken Hyde. Natural resource conditions at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Findings & management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293112.

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Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GLCA) encompasses more than 0.5 million ha (1.25 million ac) and extends over 322 km (200 mi) from its northern boundary in southern Utah to its southern boundary in northern Arizona. It is one of the most rugged, remote, and floristically diverse national parks on the Southern Colorado Plateau (Thomas et. al 2005) and has more than 4,900 km (3,045 mi) of waterways flowing through its eight Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC 8) watersheds. GLCA’s larger perennial rivers include the Colorado, Escalante, Dirty Devil, San Juan, and Paria, with smaller perennial and intermittent streams flowing into each of these rivers. After the creation of the Glen Canyon Dam, Lake Powell formed, covering 13% of the park’s total land area when full and the national recreation area attracts over 4 million visitors annually, and in 2019 GLCA ranked 19th highest in recreational visits out of all national parks. The National Park Service Natural Resource Condition Assessment Program selected GLCA to pilot its new NRCA project series. NRCA projects evaluate the best available science to provide park managers with reliable, actionable information pertaining to natural resource conditions in their park. For the park-selected focal study resources, this includes consideration of drivers and stressors known or suspected of influencing resource conditions; assessment of current conditions and trends for indicators of condition; and potential near-term and future activities or actions managers can consider, improving their knowledge and management of natural resources in parks. For focal resources that lack adequate data to assess current conditions, a gap analysis is provided (in lieu of a condition assessment) to highlight the present status of knowledge of the resource and to suggest useful indicators, data, and studies for further consideration and investigation. Park managers are encouraged to identify information needs and pose questions during the NRCA scoping process, with the understanding that information will be provided to help address those needs and answer those questions when possible. For a comprehensive list of GLCA managers’ questions and needs, please refer to Appendix A, Table A-1. The focus of GLCA’s NRCA study was the water-dependent resources—tinajas, springs & seeps, including water quality, riparian zone, amphibians, including the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and small, native fishes—that are found off the mainstem Colorado River. Managers were interested in these particular environments and the natural resources that depend on them because they are less studied, and the habitats are “biodiversity hotspots” due to the intersection of complex desert and freshwater ecosystems in a region limited by water. The following summaries highlight the key findings of GLCA’s focal resource drivers and stressors (Chapter 2), states (Chapter 3), and manager responses (Chapter 4).
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7

Fehey, Kristina, and Dustin Perkins. Invasive exotic plant monitoring in Capitol Reef National Park: 2019 field season, Scenic Drive and Cathedral Valley Road. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286627.

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Invasive exotic plant (IEP) species are a significant threat to natural ecosystem integrity and biodiversity, and controlling them is a high priority for the National Park Service. The North-ern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) selected the early detection of IEPs as one of 11 monitoring protocols to be implemented as part of its long-term monitoring program. From May 30 to June 1, 2019, network staff conducted surveys for priority IEP species along the Scenic Drive and Cathedral Valley Road monitoring routes at Capitol Reef National Park. We detected 119 patches of six priority IEP species along 34 kilometers of the two monitor-ing routes. There were more patches of IEPs, and a higher percentage of large patches, than in previous years. This indicates that previously identified infestations have expanded and grown. The most common (47.1%) patch size among priority species was 1,000–2,000 m2 (0.25–0.5 acre). The vast majority (93.2%) of priority patches ranked either low (58.8%) or very low (34.4%) on the patch management index scale. Tamarisk (Tamarix sp., 72 patches) was the most prevalent priority IEP species. African mustard (Malcolmia africana, 32 patch-es), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis, 9 patches), and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angusti-folia, 3 patches) occurred less commonly. Together, these four species represented 97.5% of all patches recorded in 2019. Four IEP species were found on the monitored routes for the first time: Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), quackgrass (Elymus repens), Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila), and African mustard (Malcolmia africana, not on the priority species list before 2019). Cathedral Valley Road had higher IEP priority patches per kilometer (5.68) than the Scenic Drive (2.05). IEP species were found on 37.9% (25 of 66) of monitored transects. Almost all these detections were Russian thistle (Salsola sp.). Russian thistle was widespread, present in 33.3% of transects, with an estimated cover of 0.2% across all transects sampled. Across routes monitored in all three rotations (2012, 2015, and 2019), Russian thistle has increased in frequency. However, its frequency remained about the same from 2015 to 2019, and percent cover remains low. Tamarisk and field bindweed have both increased in preva-lence since monitoring began, with tamarisk showing a dramatic increase in the number and size of patches. Immediate control of tamarisk and these other species is recommended to reduce their numbers on these routes. The NCPN plans to Capitol Reef in 2020 to monitor Oak and Pleasant creeks, completing the third rotation of invasive plant monitoring.
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8

Inter-American Development Bank Sustainability Report 2020: Global Reporting Initiative Annex. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003100.

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The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) sets global standards for sustainability reporting, relying on best practices for reporting on a range of economic, environmental, and social impacts. This is the IDBs fifth GRI annex, prepared as a supplement to the IDB Sustainability Report. The annex reports on both corporate and operational topics using standardized indicators. The following material topics are included in the annex: active ownership, anticorruption and ethics, biodiversity, climate resilience, employment and labor relations, energy, engagement and coordination, feedback mechanisms, financial inclusion, gender equality and diversity, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, health and safety, human rights, indirect economic impacts, market presence, material use, monitoring and evaluation, responsible portfolio, supply chain management, training and education, waste, and water.
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