Journal articles: 'Biochemical destruction'

1

Mainardi, Carlo L. "Biochemical Mechanisms of Articular Destruction." Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 13, no. 2 (August 1987): 215–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-857x(21)00843-7.

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Amar, Mohamed S., Hussein F. Wishahi, and Madeha M. Zakhary. "Clinical and biochemical studies of bone destruction in cholesteatoma." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 6 (June 1996): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510013419x.

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AbstractThe exact causative factor(s) of bone erosion in cholesteatoma are not known. In recent years, the possible role of cytokines has drawn attention. Since the studies on cytokines in cholesteatoma are limited and depend on histopathological methods, the present work approached this subject by biochemical determination of TNF-α lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase (total and tartrate resistant), cathepsin B, leucyl aminopeptidase lysozyme together with non-lysosomal enzymes calpain I and II in 50 cholesteatoma samples (epithelial and subepithelial tissues) in comparison with 14 normal skin samples from the external ear canal. The study revealed significantly increased levels of all previous indices in cholesteatoma epithelium and subepithelial tissues compared with healthy skin. The levels of these indices reflected the clinical severity of the disease as reflected by their significant increase in cases with erosion of two or three ossicles, erosion of dural plate, sinus plate and facial canal and more extensive cholesteatoma. It is likely that TNF-α acts both directly by causing bone erosion and indirectly by stimulating the release of lysosomal enzymes. The latter mechanism is supported by the significant correlations observed between TNF-α and lysosomal enzymes. The non-lysosomal enzymes calpain I and II seem to participate in the bone erosion associated with cholesteatoma by their involvement in collagen destruction. Due to the suggested role of TNF-α in bone destruction associated with cholesteatoma the use of anti-inflammatory drugs should be taken into consideration in otitis media to diminish bone destruction. Similarly, antibiotics should be used to prevent the deleterious effects of bacterial endotoxin.

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Elsasser, Suzanne, Yong Chi, Ping Yang, and Judith L. Campbell. "Phosphorylation Controls Timing of Cdc6p Destruction: A Biochemical Analysis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, no. 10 (October 1999): 3263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.10.3263.

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The replication initiation protein Cdc6p forms a tight complex with Cdc28p, specifically with forms of the kinase that are competent to promote replication initiation. We now show that potential sites of Cdc28 phosphorylation in Cdc6p are required for the regulated destruction of Cdc6p that has been shown to occur during theSaccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. Analysis of Cdc6p phosphorylation site mutants and of the requirement for Cdc28p in an in vitro ubiquitination system suggests that targeting of Cdc6p for degradation is more complex than previously proposed. First, phosphorylation of N-terminal sites targets Cdc6p for polyubiquitination probably, as expected, through promoting interaction with Cdc4p, an F box protein involved in substrate recognition by the Skp1-Cdc53-F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase. However, in addition, mutation of a single, C-terminal site stabilizes Cdc6p in G2 phase cells without affecting substrate recognition by SCF in vitro, demonstrating a second and novel requirement for specific phosphorylation in degradation of Cdc6p. SCF-Cdc4p– and N-terminal phosphorylation site–dependent ubiquitination appears to be mediated preferentially by Clbp/Cdc28p complexes rather than by Clnp/Cdc28ps, suggesting a way in which phosphorylation of Cdc6p might control the timing of its degradation at then end of G1 phase of the cell cycle. The stable cdc6 mutants show no apparent replication defects in wild-type strains. However, stabilization through mutation of three N-terminal phosphorylation sites or of the single C-terminal phosphorylation site leads to dominant lethality when combined with certain mutations in the anaphase-promoting complex.

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Trier, Klaus, Elith Bjarne Olsen, and Jan Ulrik Prause. "Biochemical changes in rabbit sclera following destruction of pigment epithelium." Acta Ophthalmologica 69, no. 5 (May 27, 2009): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1991.tb04854.x.

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Садова, Ю. М., and А. О. Дичко. "APPLYING OF THE DESTRUCTION METHODS OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE IN BIOCHEMICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT." WATER AND WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL NEWS 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2218-9300822012138910.

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Squeglia, Flavia, Alessia Ruggiero, and Rita Berisio. "Collagen degradation in tuberculosis pathogenesis: the biochemical consequences of hosting an undesired guest." Biochemical Journal 475, no. 19 (October 12, 2018): 3123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20180482.

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The scenario of chemical reactions prompted by the infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is huge. The infection generates a localized inflammatory response, with the recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and T-lymphocytes. Consequences of this immune reaction can be the eradication or containment of the infection, but these events can be deleterious to the host inasmuch as lung tissue can be destroyed. Indeed, a hallmark of tuberculosis (TB) is the formation of lung cavities, which increase disease development and transmission, as they are sites of high mycobacterial burden. Pulmonary cavitation is associated with antibiotic failure and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. For cavities to form, M. tuberculosis induces the overexpression of host proteases, like matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsin, which are secreted from monocyte-derived cells, neutrophils, and stromal cells. These proteases destroy the lung parenchyma, in particular the collagen constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Namely, in an attempt to destroy infected cells, the immune reactions prompted by mycobacterial infections induce the destruction of vital regions of the lung, in a process that can become fatal. Here, we review structure and function of the main molecular actors of ECM degradation due to M. tuberculosis infection and the proposed mechanisms of tissue destruction, mainly attacking fibrillar collagen. Importantly, enzymes responsible for collagen destruction are emerging as key targets for adjunctive therapies to limit immunopathology in TB.

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Potempa, Jan, Robert Pike, and Jim Travis. "Host andPorphyromonas gingivalis proteinases in periodontitis: A biochemical model of infection and tissue destruction." Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design 2, no. 3 (July 1995): 445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02172037.

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Bri, Edin De, and Wei Lei. "BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF TETRACYCLINES ON SPONTANEOUS OSTEOARTHRITIS IN GUINEA PIGS." Image Analysis & Stereology 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2011): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v19.p125-131.

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are mediators in connective tissue destruction in a variety of pathologic processes. Recently discovered chemically modified tetracyclines have been found to be effective inhibitors of MMP mediated connective tissue degradation in both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). The Hartley guinea pig model has been described with a high incidence of spontaneous OA-like changes in the knee joint. Therefore we have studied the effect of two tetracyclines, doxycycline (Dox) and chemically modified tetracycline-7 (CMT-7) which have both previously been shown as potent MMP inhibitors. We found that prophylactic orally given CMT-7 decreases OA changes in the knee joints both in vitro and in vivo in the guinea pig OA model. OA changes were most severe in the central compartment of the medial condyle in the control group. Cartilage fibrillation and destruction, in addition to subchondral bone sclerosis and cyst formation were all less in the CMT-7 treated group compared with controls. Collagen, hyaluronan and proteoglycan content in cartilage was higher in the CMT-7 treated group compared with controls. In contrast, OA changes were not decreased in the Dox group. These results show that tetracyclines, but not all tetracyclines, can reduce the severity of OA in the guinea pig model of spontaneous OA.

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Chetina, E. V., and G. A. Markova. "Upcoming value of gene expression analysis in rheumatology." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 64, no. 3 (2018): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20186403221.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which involves disturbance in immune system signaling pathway functions, damage of other tissues, pain and joint destruction. Modern treatment attempts to improve pathophysiological and biochemical mechanisms damaged by the disease. However, due to the RA patient heterogeneity personalized approach to treatment is required; the choice of personalized treatment is complicated by the variability of patient's response to treatment. Gene expression analysis might serve a tool for the disease control and therapy personification for inhibition of inflammation and pain as well as for prevention of joint destruction.

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Lenin, M. "Destruction of Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia (jacq.) Marechal) Morphological Aspect and Biochemical Constituents during Dairy Effluent Irrigation." Journal of Dairy Research and Technology 4, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/drt-9315/100025.

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The current exploration is being fetched out to evaluate the consequence of dairy effluent on morphological aspect and biochemical constituents in Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal). For this, experimentation work dairy effluents were amassed from the outlet of milk processing plants. The diverse concentrations used for the effluent were Control (normal water), 5, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The growth parameters viz., Shoot Length (SL), Roots Length (RL), Number of Leaves (NL), Total Leaf Area (TLA), Fresh Weight (FW) and Dry Weight (DW), and the biochemical issue like viz., chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, reducing, non-reducing sugar, total sugars, starch, amino acid, and protein content were analysed

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Lavrova, Anastasia, Diljara Esmedljaeva, Vitaly Belik, and Eugene Postnikov. "Matrix Metalloproteinases as Markers of Acute Inflammation Process in the Pulmonary Tuberculosis." Data 4, no. 4 (October 5, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4040137.

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The main factors of pathogenesis in the pulmonary tuberculosis are not only the bacterial virulence and sensitivity of the host immune system to the pathogen, but also the degree of destruction of the lung tissue. Such destruction processes lead to the development of caverns, in most cases requiring surgical interventions besides the drug therapy. Identification of special biochemical markers allowing to assess the necessity of surgery or therapy prolongation remains a challenge. We consider promising markers—metalloproteinases—analyzing the data obtained from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infected by different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We argue that the presence of drug-resistant strains in lungs leading to complicated clinical prognosis could be justified not only by the difference in medians of biomarkers concentration (as determined by the Mann–Whitney test for small samples), but also by the qualitative difference in their probability distributions (as detected by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). Our results and the provided raw data could be used for further development of precise biochemical data-based diagnostic and prognostic tools for pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Smirnov, V. F., I. O. Makarov, D. A. Klyuev, O. N. Smirnova, N. A. Anikina, and A. Yu Shishkin. "The Effect of a Magnetic Field and Low-Intensity Laser Irradiation on the Destructive Activity of Filamentous Fungi During their Growth on a Number of Industrial Products." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-10-62-66.

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An assessment of the impact of low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI) and magnetic field (MF) on the biodegradation of a number of industrial products: wood fiberboard (WFB) and polyester caused by filamentous fungi is presented. It has been established that the magnetic field is capable of causing intensive destruction of wood fiberboard and polyester by fungi Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, then the destructive process of WFB in the case of Penicillium cyclopium remained at the control level, and in the case of polyester it slowed down. The action of LILI, on the contrary, increased the destructive activity of Penicillium cyclopium in variants with WFB, and for polyester in the fungi Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger. Differences in the change in the resistance of products to fungi under the action of LILI and MF can be associated with both the physiological and biochemical characteristics of fungi and the aging process of polymers under the influence of the studied physical factors.

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13

Tseng, Chia-Chun, Yi-Jen Chen, Wei-An Chang, Wen-Chan Tsai, Tsan-Teng Ou, Cheng-Chin Wu, Wan-Yu Sung, Jeng-Hsien Yen, and Po-Lin Kuo. "Dual Role of Chondrocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Chicken and the Egg." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (February 6, 2020): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031071.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the inflammatory joint diseases that display features of articular cartilage destruction. The underlying disturbance results from immune dysregulation that directly and indirectly influence chondrocyte physiology. In the last years, significant evidence inferred from studies in vitro and in the animal model offered a more holistic vision of chondrocytes in RA. Chondrocytes, despite being one of injured cells in RA, also undergo molecular alterations to actively participate in inflammation and matrix destruction in the human rheumatoid joint. This review covers current knowledge about the specific cellular and biochemical mechanisms that account for the chondrocyte signatures of RA and its potential applications for diagnosis and prognosis in RA.

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14

Popovic, Zana, Zlata Brkic, Biljana Andjelski-Radicevic, Biljana Milicic, and Ivan Dozic. "Analysis of intracellular enzymes in saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis." Serbian Dental Journal 60, no. 3 (2013): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs1303155p.

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Introduction. Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by rapid destruction of periodontal tissue. It is more commonly found in young adults. Analysis of biochemical markers in saliva is very important to monitor the level of periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to analyze the intracellular enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis. Material and Methods. The study included 22 patients with aggressive periodontitis and 28 healthy subjects (control group). Enzyme activity was measured in mixed non-stimulated saliva using kinetic methods in a spectrophotometer and expressed in international units per litre (U/L). Results. The activity of enzymes ALT and ALP was significantly higher in saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis compared to healthy subjects, while AST activity was not significantly different. Also, there was no correlation between the activity of intracellular enzymes in saliva and clinical parameters such as gingival index, bleeding index, probing depth in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Conclusion. Obtained results indicate that salivary enzymes AST, ALT and ALP can be used as biochemical markers to aid in diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis.

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Kurz, Alexander, Matthias Riemenschneider, and Anders Wallin. "Potential Biological Markers for Cerebrovascular Disease." International Psychogeriatrics 15, S1 (July 2003): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610203009025.

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Cerebrovascular diseases can causes cognitive impairment and dementia by loss of neurons and synaptic connections, destruction of axons, and demyelinization. Biological markers including genetic tests, brain imaging techniques, and biochemical assays in the CSF are valuable for the identification and quantification of cerebrovascular diseases. Genetic tests may be used to detect mutations that cause hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathies or cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Structural CT and MR imaging is routinely used to visualize and quantify infarcts and white-matter changes. Functional SPET and PET imaging can demonstrate focal and remote effects of vascular lesions on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Biochemical imaging using proton MRS is a nonspecific marker for neuronal and axonal damage. Among biochemical markers in the CSF, tau protein, phospho-tau, and beta amyloid protein are helpful to differentiate vascular dementia from Alzheimer's disease.

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Telegin, Felix, Irina Shushina, Jian Hua Ran, Yulia Biba, Aleksandr Mikhaylov, and Viktoriia Priazhnikova. "Structure – Property Relationships for Dyes of Different Nature." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.488.

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Systematic analysis of quantitative structure – property relationships for dyes of different nature has been reviewed. On the basis of the experimental results published in the literature and theoretical evaluation of amphiphilic and electrophilic properties of dyes of different nature several basic conclusions of scientific and practical importance are proposed. It was found that water/octanol partition coefficients exhibit correlation with dye partition between hydrophobic synthetic fibres and dyebath as well as dye affinity. Hydrophobicity of dyes controls several technical properties of dyes and dyeings, such as wash fastness and light fastness, migration factor, rate of dyeing and fixation rate. Energy of frontier electronic orbitals (HOMO and LUMO energies) correlates with different properties characterizing redox properties of dyes: oxidative and reductive destruction in chemical reactions, photochemical and biochemical destruction of dyes, wash and light fastness of dyeings. The results of this study are useful for physico-chemical analysis of dye sorption by textile fibres, destruction of dyes in polymers and solutions as well as for design of new dyes of high quality.

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Svarovskaya, L. I., and L. K. Altunina. "Biodestruction of Petroleum Hydrocarbons." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj555.

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Biodegradation of light and high-viscosity oils by hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora has been studied. Microflora was isolated from the formation waters recovered from West Siberian and “White Tiger” (Vietnam) oil fields. To activate microorganisms one used the solution of IKhN-KA system containing a multi-component nitrogenous nutrient substrate. Under the condition of active development of microorganisms during 5 days of biodegradation the concentration of n-alkanes C10-C32 in light oils decreased by 70-85 % and that of viscous oil – by 86-93 %. Destruction of mono-aromatic compounds accounted for 55-65 % and that of aromatic compounds of naphthalene series – 70-90 %. The content of methyl- and<br />trimethyl phenanthrenes decreased 3 times. Therefore a degree of oil destruction depends on nutrient substrates, which stimulate biochemical processes of vital activity.

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Новиков, D. Novikov, Козлов, Nikolai Kozlov, Камруков, A. Kamrukov, Селиверстов, and A. Seliverstov. "New Technological Scheme of Sewage Treatment with High Concentration of Organic Pollutants." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 5 (October 25, 2013): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1577.

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This work is directed on search of new scientific and technological approaches to the solution of a problem related to ecological safety ensuring of modern productions of the vital biochemical substances and preparations. Results of pilot studies of the new technological scheme related to sewage treatment from high-molecular organic compounds of a natural and artificial origin with use of combined methods including reagent technologies, filtration and liquid-phase photo oxidizing process of pollution destruction under influence of high-intensity pulse optical radiation of constant spectrum have been presented. Optimum limits of each method’s applicability have been defined and the technological scheme of sewage treatment with high concentration of organic pollution for application on biochemical and pharmaceutical productions has been offered.

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Bedreag, Ovidiu Horea, Marius Papurica, Alexandru Florin Rogobete, and Dorel Sandesc. "Influence of Hypothermia on the Clinical and Molecular Status of a Freshwater Drowning Victim with Severe Trauma. A Case Report." Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 1, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jim-2016-0029.

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Abstract Drowning in freshwater kills many people around the world. Complications are multiple and sometimes impossible to treat. Fluid and electrolyte resuscitation is difficult because of all the physiological, biophysical and biochemical changes that decrease the rate of survival. Extreme lung injury and cardiovascular disorders are responsible for tissue hypoxia, increased production of inflammation markers, biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species and finally, multiple organ damage. Hypothermia, frequently associated with drowning, provides multiple benefits to this type of patients. Various studies have developed the idea that hypothermia protects the brain from biochemical mediators, thereby preventing neuronal cell destruction. In this case report we present the biological parameters and evolution of a patient drowned in freshwater, and also the benefits of hypothermia to the clinical picture.

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Chetina, E. V., and G. A. Markova. "Patient stratification and choice of therapy based on blood gene expression profiles in rheumatoid arthritis." Modern Rheumatology Journal 12, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2018-4-16-22.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, in which different parts of the immune system and other tissues are involved and joint destruction also occurs. Current therapy methods are aimed at suppressing inflammation and reducing pain; however, they do not affect the pathophysiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in joint destruction. Moreover, RA patients are an exclusively heterogeneous group, so not all of them respond equally well to treatment. In this regard, there is a need for personalized therapy. However, the patient's assessment, including clinical, immunological, and radiological parameters, does not currently allow the response to anti-rheumatic treatment to be predicted in about half of the cases. Just the same, recent studies suggest that patient stratification according to the blood level of proinflammatory genes can help predict a response to antirheumatic therapy.

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Volkova, V. N., and V. L. Golovin. "Cleaning of wastewater on a filmless slow filter." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 6 (June 22, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-6-15-19.

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A method of post-treatment of wastewater with a filmless slow filter with a vertical filtering surface is considered. The properties of the cassette slow filter with respect to ammonium and phosphorus ions have been studied. The analysis of the integral kinetic curves was carried out in accordance with the models of biochemical destruction. The efficiency of additional purification of wastewater from biogenic elements by a filmless slow filter with respect to ammonium and phosphates has been investigated.

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Studenikina, L. N., T. E. Kudina, V. O. Iushin, and A. A. Melnikov. "Evaluation of the degradation of the modified polyolefins in different environments." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 3 (October 19, 2020): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-3-227-232.

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Hybrid composites based on synthetic thermoplastics (STP) are a prospect for replacing traditional plastics in various sectors of the national economy: crop production (composite hydroponic substrates, containers, etc.), water treatment (composite biofilter loads), packaging industry, etc. The purpose of the work is to assess the destruction of composites based on STP, modified with prooxidants (PR) and polysaccharides (PS), in various external conditions that mimic environmental factors (thermal, photochemical (UV radiation), chemical, biochemical effects). As objects of research, we used prototypes based on a copolymer of ethylene with vinyl acetate and high-pressure polyethylene, modified with microcellulose and cobalt stearate. The time of exposure to external factors is 3 months. The work also assessed the degree of influence of the compounding technology (one-stage, two-stage) of the three-component system "STP: PR: PS" on the degree of destruction of the composite. It has been established that effective destruction of polyolefins modified by prooxidants is observed only under conditions of thermal and ultraviolet exposure. When the content of polysaccharides in the polyolefin matrix is 40 vol.% Or less, the composites are not significantly affected by chemical and biological environmental factors. Simultaneous modification of polyolefins with a prooxidant and a polysaccharide does not lead to a synergistic effect of destruction during the studied period of exposure. Under conditions of heat exposure and UV irradiation, the behavior of the three-component composite is similar to the behavior of the PO modified with the prooxidant, but with a less pronounced aging effect, and in aqueous media such materials behave as the PO polysaccharides modified, but also with less pronounced destruction. One-stage compounding of the three-component system "STP: PR: PS" significantly reduces the efficiency of composite destruction

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Kudina, A. V., and I. O. Sokorov. "Corrosion – Biotechnical System for Destruction of Technical Objects Reducing their Quality and Reliability." Science & Technique 19, no. 6 (November 27, 2020): 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-6-512-520.

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It is a well-known fact, that corrosion of materials, as a phenomenon in the nature, is multifaceted, where its origin and development in many respects depend on environment micro-flora. In the modern world, corrosion is considered mainly as the spontaneous destruction of solids caused by chemical and electrochemical processes, developing on a body surface during its interaction with external environment. The essence of corrosion destruction of objects should be studied in aspect of the interrelated natural phenomena and processes that constantly occur when an object comes into contact with man-made environments and the environment containing many microorganisms of various genera and species. The accumulation and metabolism of microorganisms in surface defects of solids, when favorable physical, chemical and biological conditions are created in the contact zones, create areas of biocenosis in which metabolites, biogenic elements and chemically active radicals are formed, interacting with the contact surface of the body and the technogenic environment. Such interaction gives rise to the occurrence of both biochemical reactions in microbial cells and bioenergetic mechanisms of energy conversion on the contact surfaces, both in the microorganisms themselves and in the surrounding space. This initiator chemical, electrochemical and bio-corrosion processes of materials destruction. Consequently, the phenomenon of corrosion is presented as a system of interrelated microbiological and physicochemical processes of destruction of materials, arising from their interaction with the micro-flora of contact technogenic media and the environment. Based on the generalization and analysis of the results of the performed research work and taking into account the well known achievements and discoveries in the field of science and technology, the authors of the paper propose a new systematic approach and concept to the phenomenon of corrosive destruction of a solid with the account of the biological factor that initiates corrosion damage and destruction of materials.

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GORNAEVA, LYUBOV, Galina Rumyantseva, Leon Ngankam, Natalia Shatokhina, and Tatiana Smirnova. "IDENTIFICATION OF C-TERMINALTELOPEPTIDES AS MARKERS OF CONNECTIVETISSUE DYSPLASIA IN BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD TESTS IN ADOLSCENTS WITH A HERNIATED DISC." Archiv Euromedica 11, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2199-885x/2021/11/1.18.

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Juvenile osteochondrosis, which can be complicated by a herniated disc, is a common disease in the pediatric population. Currently, this nosology is considered as one of the forms of manifestation of connective tissue dysplasia syndrome. A clinical study was conducted to identify dysplastic processes among 34 adolescents operated on for a herniated disc. Based on the characteristic phenotypic features, it was revealed that 15.36 % of the subjects had grade 1 connective tissue dysplasia, 74.47% — grade 2, and 10.17% — grade 3. The diagnosis was supplemented by a biochemical blood test for C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen Beta-Cross Laps. In 18 patients (52,94%), the biochemical blood test exceeded the reference values, indicating consistency in the ongoing systemic catabolic reactions associated with the prevalent destruction of the collagen fibers of the tissues of the body.

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Maksin, Tatjana, and Aleksandar Nikolic. "Biochemical engineering as a way of obtaining toxins that can be used as weapons of mass destruction." Bezbednost, Beograd 57, no. 1 (2015): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bezbednost1501121m.

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Sharipov, D. A., and S. P. Chetverikov. "STRAIN PSEUDOMONAS SP. DD4 FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF HALOGEN-CONTAINING SURFACTANTS AND HERBICIDES." ÈKOBIOTEH 4, no. 1 (2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2021-4-1-60-67.

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The paper describes the properties of a strain isolated from a natural population of soil microorganisms exposed to petrochemical production, capable of destroying fluorinated surfactants and some halogenated herbicides. In the model system, the growth dynamics of the DD4 bacterial strain was studied and it was shown that the culture actively accumulates biomass when using a fluorine-containing foaming agent such as a foaming agent and active substances of the herbicides Octapon, Chistalan, and Florax as a source of carbon and energy. Based on the data obtained, the DD4 bacterial strain can be used in remediation technologies for territories with a disturbed ecological status, formed when using fluoride-containing fire extinguishing agents and unregulated use of chemical plant protection products. According to the results of cultural-morphological, physiological-biochemical characteristics and the sequence of the 16S RNA DD4 gene, the strain was identified as a representative of the genus Pseudomonas.

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Varganova, Tat’yana S., Anastasiya G. Veryasova, and Evgeniya D. Erysheva. "Vitrocap efficacy in patients with the vitreous body destruction." Ophthalmology journal 12, no. 2 (June 12, 2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov2019267-72.

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The vitreous body destruction (VBD) is one of the most common conditions bringing patients to visit an ophthalmologist. The absence of the effective treatment of VBD today worries both doctors themselves and their patients. Since 2014, “Vitrocap” (Ebiga-VISION, Germany) has been registered in the Russian Federation, its components of which prevent the biochemical and anatomical vitreous body structure changes by a natural way. Objective: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vitrocap in patients with VBD, as well as to analyze the psychological characteristics of individuals complaining of “floaters”. Material and methods. The study included 32 patients in total, 16 of which (5 men and 11 women aged from 37 to 57 years) comprised the main group of individuals complaining of “floaters”. The patients in this group received active treatment using Vitrocap according to the licensed posology. The control group included patients with the vitreous body floaters confirmed by B-scan, but without active complaints. All patients underwent standard echography (A-, B-scan) using the Tomey UD-8000 device with a 15 MHZ frequency sensor before and after treatment. In addition, voluntary anonymous survey was performed in both groups using “Minnesota Multiphase Personality Test” (MMPI). The results of the study showed that after the Vitrocap course patients reported a reduction or absence of “floaters” complaints in 76% of cases, and according to A-scan characteristics (the number and height of echogenicity peaks) there were quantitative and qualitative improvements in 32% and 80% of cases, correspondingly. According to MMPI test results, the patients in the main group had an increased need for the doctor’s emotional involvement in the process of eliminating visual discomfort. In such cases, the very fact of prescribing therapy caused a beneficial effect on the patient’s emotional state. Thus, we have found Vitrocap treatment to improve both subjective and objective status in patients with VBD.

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Molyanova, Galina, Vladimir Ermakov, and Irina Bistrova. "Correcting physiological and biochemical status of service dogs with dihydroquercetin." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 01074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913501074.

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The search for new ways to optimize the adaptive capabilities of service dogs is a prerequisite for increasing the viability of animals and increasing their longevity. Dihydroquercetin neutralizes the increased level of free radicals toxic to the body, protecting cell membranes from destruction, and reduces the harmful effects of oxidative stress. The use of dihydroquercetin contributed to increased providing cells with oxygen, stimulated anabolic processes and increased the antioxidant defense of the body. The amount of red blood cells in the blood of service dogs increased by 11.5-19.1% (p<0.01) when using dihydroquercetin, hemoglobin increased by 5.7-9.4% (p<0.05), total protein by 21-32% (p<0.01), albumin by 30-31% (p<0.001), compared with similar data at the beginning of the experiment. The antioxidant properties of dihydroquercetin contributed to the reduction of malondialdehyde by 23.9% (p <0.05); reduction of diene conjugates by 26%; and an increase in catalase activity by 36% compared to the data on the first day of the experiment. The use of dihydroquercetin optimizes the adaptive capabilities of service dogs and can be used to increase the vitality and longevity of animals.

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Reiter, Russel J., Dun-Xian Tan, Juan C. Mayo, Rosa M. Sainz, Josefa Leon, and Zbigniew Czarnocki. "Melatonin as an antioxidant: biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiological implications in humans." Acta Biochimica Polonica 50, no. 4 (December 31, 2003): 1129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2003_3637.

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This brief resume enumerates the multiple actions of melatonin as an antioxidant. This indoleamine is produced in the vertebrate pineal gland, the retina and possibly some other organs. Additionally, however, it is found in invertebrates, bacteria, unicellular organisms as well as in plants, all of which do not have a pineal gland. Melatonin's functions as an antioxidant include: a), direct free radical scavenging, b), stimulation of antioxidative enzymes, c), increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reducing electron leakage (thereby lowering free radical generation), and 3), augmenting the efficiency of other antioxidants. There may be other functions of melatonin, yet undiscovered, which enhance its ability to protect against molecular damage by oxygen and nitrogen-based toxic reactants. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the ability of both physiological and pharmacological concentrations to melatonin to protect against free radical destruction. Furthermore, clinical tests utilizing melatonin have proven highly successful; because of the positive outcomes of these studies, melatonin's use in disease states and processes where free radical damage is involved should be increased.

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Tran, Bao Anh Patrick, Tiffany Alexander, and Ally-Khan Somani. "Biochemical pathways and targeted therapies in basal cell carcinoma: A systematic review." Journal of Surgical Dermatology 6, no. 2 (March 9, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/jsd.v6.i2.64.

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<p>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of human malignancy. It is a slow-growing skin cancer with little ability to metastasize, but it is aggressive and can cause local tissue destruction. Descriptions of Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (BCNS), characterized by a predisposition to the formation of BCC and other neoplasms, and identification of the genetic defect in this syndrome, has led to significant advancement in our understanding of the pathogenesis of BCC. Unregulated expression of target genes in the sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of BCC. An understanding of the signaling components has allowed for the development of pharmacologic agents that inhibit the SHH pathway. The first inhibitor of the SHH pathway approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of BCC is vismodegib. In this review, we will discuss the biochemical pathways involved in BCC as targets of novel pharmacologic therapies.</p>

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Antonova, Olga, Javier Calvo, and Andreas Seifert. "Rapid Detection of Thermal Treatment of Honey by Chemometrics-Assisted FTIR Spectroscopy." Foods 10, no. 11 (November 22, 2021): 2892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112892.

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Honey, as a nutritious natural sweetener produced by honeybees, offers a unique biochemical composition with great benefit to human health. Transportation and storage conditions as well as violations of processing can lead to decomposition of vitamins, destruction of the integrity of the antioxidant components and enzymes, and further biochemical changes with impact on nutritional quality. We developed a fast detection method of adulterations or changes of honey caused by thermal exposure, which does not require any sample pretreatment. By Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, supported by chemometrics methods, we investigated three types of raw honey before and after heat treatment for varying exposure times at different temperatures. Applying principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis to the preprocessed spectroscopic data, allowed us to discriminate raw honey from thermally altered ones even at low temperatures of 40 °C with high accuracies ≥90%.

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Tang, Miao, Hong Hu Zeng, and Li Tang Qin. "Overview of Pesticide Toxicity Studies on Oblique Scenedesmus." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1220.

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With in-depth knowledge of pesticide contamination, toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity studies of pesticides on algae growing. Toxicity of pesticides to algae is destruction of algal biofilm structure and function, effect of algae photosynthesis, respiration, also effects of algal physiological and biochemical components. Different growing influence of different types of pesticides on Scenedesmus obliquus, the impact of pesticides with different components of Scenedesmus obliquus will be different. This paper reviews the growth and impact of the toxic effects of pesticides on the ramp mechanism Scencdesmus.

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Rutter, Guy A., and F. Susan Wong. "The pancreatic β-cell: birth, life and death." Biochemical Society Transactions 36, no. 3 (May 21, 2008): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0360267.

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Defective insulin secretion is a hallmark of all forms of diabetes. Whereas Type 1 diabetes has long been known to result from the immune-mediated destruction of β-cells, Type 2 diabetes appears to involve both loss of β-cell mass and glucose sensitivity in the face of extrapancreatic insulin resistance. We summarize here the proceedings of a Biochemical Society Focused Meeting, held at the St Thomas campus of King's College London in December 2007, which highlighted recent research advances targeting the β-cell.

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Vedernikov, K. E., E. A. Zagrebin, I. L. Bukharina, and P. A. Kuzmin. "Picea obovata Ledeb. wood biochemical characteristics as state of plants." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 1 (February 2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-1-13-21.

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The process of forest destruction is very dynamic and covers the entire boreal zone of the Northern hemisphere. Against the background of deterioration of the sanitary condition of plantings, pathogenic organisms are activated. The article presents materials on the study of the chemical composition of wood of individuals of different life States of Pícea obovata Ledeb. In the context of IPS typographus L. distribution It is suggested that there is a difference in the chemical structure of wood in individuals of Siberian spruce in places of mass drying, which affects the population of pests. Plants of various life States were studied for the content of water-soluble, resin-like extractives and tannins. The obtained data were subjected to statistical processing. The results of the research revealed that the overall content of extractive substances is influenced by the vital state of individuals and growing conditions. It was found that with the deterioration of the plant condition, there is an increase in extractive substances. The overall increase in extractive substances occurs due to an increase in the group of water-soluble substances, namely tannins. The highest content of all groups of metabolites (including tannins) was observed in individuals of a satisfactory life condition.

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Makolinets, Kyrylo V., Vasyl I. Makolinets, Dmytro V. Morozenko, Kateryna V. Gliebova, and Svitlana I. Danylchenko. "DYNAMICS OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DURING CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT WITH LASER THERAPY." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 802–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905115.

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Introduction: The biochemical markers of the connective tissue metabolism in blood serum may characterize the disturbances in inflammatory, destructive processes, and also serve the criteria for diagnostic evaluation of the state of cartilage and bone tissue of the joints in knee osteoarthritis to control the effectiveness of conservative treatment. The aim: determination of biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism in the blood of patients with the 1st and 2nd stages of knee osteoarthritis in order to prove the effectiveness of the complex conservative treatment of patients with the use of low-intensity infrared laser radiation. Materials and methods: During the study we examined 80 patients with the 1st and 2nd stages of knee osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification. Some patients were prescribed diclofenac sodium and glucosamine hydrochloride, others were prescribed an additional course of laser therapy. Results: At the end of the treatment the group of patients with knee osteoarthritis who were treated with the use of laser therapy, diclofenac sodium and glucosamine hydrochloride, showed a decrease in the content of the following blood serum components: glycoproteins (by 28.9 %), sialic acids (by 28.8 %), chondroitinsulfates (by 91.3 %) due to chondroitin-6-sulfate, activity of alkaline phosphatase (by 36.1 %) compared with the indicators before treatment. Conclusions: a more significant decrease in the inflammation and destruction of the cartilage tissue of the affected joints was observed during knee osteoarthritis treatment with the use of laser therapy than without it.

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Wolterink, Gerrit, Erma Van Zanten, Henk Kamsteeg, Fenny S. Radhakishun, and Jan M. Van Ree. "Functional recovery after destruction of dopamine systems in the nucleus accumbens of rats. I. Behavioral and biochemical studies." Brain Research 507, no. 1 (January 1990): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(90)90526-h.

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Coldwell, Mark J., Nicola K. Gray, and Matthew Brook. "Cytoplasmic mRNA: move it, use it or lose it!" Biochemical Society Transactions 38, no. 6 (November 24, 2010): 1495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0381495.

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Once an mRNA is synthesized and processed, the immediate translation and later destruction of the transcript is not as inevitable as the central molecular biology dogma suggests. Interest in the field of post-transcriptional control continues to grow rapidly, as regulation of these multiple steps in gene expression is implicated in diverse aspects of biology such as metabolism, neurology, reproduction and viral lifecycle regulation. Researchers who utilize various combinations of human studies, animal models, cellular, genetic, biochemical and molecular techniques were brought together at the University of Edinburgh to discuss their latest findings. In this article, we introduce the content of the related reviews presented in this issue of Biochemical Society Transactions which together illustrate a major theme of the meeting content: namely the need to understand how dynamic changes in mRNP (messenger ribonucleoprotein) complexes modulate the multifunctionality of regulatory proteins which link different post-transcriptional regulatory events.

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Sudhakar, U., JA Sivaranjani, and MC Dayan. "Interleukin-1 as a Marker of Periodontitis with Oral Carcinoma – A Biochemical Study." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 7, no. 3 (2013): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-7-3-137.

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ABSTRACT AIM This biochemical study aimed at evaluating the level of interleukin-1beta in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma as a reflection of amount of bone destruction leading to periodontitis in comparison with the normal healthy individuals. MATERIAL & METHOD The subjects were grouped under four major categories like chronic periodontits, chronic periodontitis with oral squamous cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma alone and the control. Each group consisted of 10 subjects each. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each subject. IL-1 in saliva was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In the present study, IL-1 was significantly more in patients with cancer and periodontitis than patients with only cancer. When compared with the normal subjects IL-1 value was significantly more in subjects with carcinoma (0.016). CONCLUSION This study presents the first evidence of association between level of salivary biomarker interleukin 1 in subjects with periodontitis and in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

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Saad-Hossne, Rogério, René Gamberini Prado, and William Saad Hossne. "Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid solutions on VX2 liver carcinoma in rabbits: in vivo analysis." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 22, no. 4 (August 2007): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502007000400012.

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PURPOSE: To analyze, in vitro, the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid solutions on VX2 carcinoma cells in the liver of rabbits with VX2 hepatic tumors; to determine the histolytic and anatomopathological characteristics of the solutions; and to evaluate the eventual biochemical and hepatic changes. METHODS: A total of 48 rabbits were evaluated. The animals were randomized into two groups, protocol 3 (study group) and protocol 4 (controls), and each group was then subdivided into 3 subgroups. Four days after implantation of the tumor in the liver, median laparotomy was performed with a 0.4-ml injection of a solution of either aspirin (5.0%), acetic acid (5.0%) or saline. The animals were sacrificed after 24 hours (protocol 3) or after 11 days (protocol 4). Body weight, clinical evolution and biochemical levels, as well as the abdominal and thoracic cavities, were evaluated, and liver microscopy was performed. RESULTS: No changes in clinical evolution, body weight or biochemical levels were reported. However, an increase in alkaline phosphatase was observed in protocol 4 (controls). The tumor was eliminated in both protocols. CONCLUSION: Acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid solutions cause the destruction of experimental hepatic tumors.

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Palma, M. A., and J. J. Body. "Usefulness of Bone Formation Markers in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 20, no. 3 (July 2005): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460080502000302.

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The skeleton is the main site affected by metastases and breast cancer is the most frequent tumor to invade bone. The assessment of bone metastases is difficult and biochemical markers of bone formation (BFMs) could be a promising alternative. Although the essential role of osteoblasts in the metastatic process of bone destruction is now well established, little attention has been paid to BFMs. We conducted a Medline search for studies about BFMs in breast cancer. Our review allows us to conclude that BFMs have high specificity but low sensitivity for the diagnosis of bone metastases. The available biochemical markers cannot replace imaging techniques for the diagnosis of bone metastases. Several studies indicate that BFM serum levels reflect total tumor burden in the skeleton. BFM levels are higher in patients with blastic lesions compared to those with lytic lesions. Serial measurements of BFMs could be useful for the clinical assessment of response to antineoplastic treatment or to bisphosphonate therapy. Besides markers of bone resorption, biochemical markers of bone formation are a promising alternative for the assessment of metastatic bone disease, but large prospective studies are needed to address this important issue.

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LIU, JUNLI. "DEPENDENCE OF FLUX DISTRIBUTION AND SYSTEM COORDINATION ON DYNAMICAL STATES FOR BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS WITH MULTIPLE COEXISTING STATES." Journal of Biological Systems 07, no. 01 (March 1999): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339099000073.

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Flux distribution and system coordination in branched biochemical systems with a source producing multiple coexisting states have been studied both theoretically and numerically. For such systems, flux distribution depends sensitively on the dynamical states and the parameter values of enzymatic kinetics at branching point. Various dynamical states including noise-induced new states can be located by superimposing noisy fluctuations on a branched biochemical system with multiple coexisting states. Once noise induces transitions or new dynamical states, the flux through a specific branch may increase, maintain or decrease, depending on parameter values of enzymatic kinetics at branching point. Furthermore, system coordination can be destroyed by noise-induced dynamical changes. When at least one state cannot be coordinated in the absence of noise, noise-induced transitions may destroy system coordination. When all coexisting states are coordinated in the absence of noise, noise-induced new states may be still able to destroy system coordination. It is revealed that destruction of system coordination is due to the interaction of enzyme saturation and noise-induced dynamical changes. Finally, control of flux distribution and maintenance of system coordination for biochemical systems with multiple coexisting states are discussed.

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Bhutto, Abdul Rabb, Amanullah Abbasi, Shumaila Rafi, and Ali Hassan Abro. "Liver abscess: demographic, clinical, biochemical, imaging and microbial spectrum." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 12 (November 27, 2019): 4607. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195526.

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Background: Liver abscesses are localized suppurative destruction of liver tissue due to infections of either bacterial (Pyogenic) or protozoa (Amoebic). Historically; pyogenic liver abscess has been described since the time of hippocrates (400 BC). Despite the more aggressive approach to treatment, the mortality rate remained at 60-80%.Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study carried out at Department of Medicine, Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Karachi, from June 2017 to December 2018. All participants of either gender with diagnosis of liver abscess were included in this prospective study. Patients with co morbidities like malignancy, autoimmune disease or on immunosuppressive treatment for any reason were excluded from the study. Following confirmation of the diagnosis; different characteristics of either type of liver abscess like demographic, clinical features, biochemical and imaging findings were evaluated.Results: Data of 73 subjects, 65(89.0%) males and 08(11.0%) females were analyzed with mean age was 45.42±14.518 years. Fifty-four (73.97%) patients had pyogenic liver abscess while amoebic liver abscess was found in 19(26.03%) subjects. Clinically, the most common symptom was abdominal pain, found in 66(90.4%) subjects, followed by fever in 61(83.6%), hepatomegaly in 47(64.4%), jaundice in 18(24.7%) and vomiting in 10(13.7%) cases. Demographics and clinical features are shown in (Table 1).Conclusions: Local trends have been changing and majority of liver abscess were of pyogenic liver abscesses. Clinically, clear differentiation between two types of abscesses is not possible always but few manifestations like typical symptoms, raised alkaline phosphatase and leucocytosis may be helpful.

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Gribanova, E., and V. Miamin. "Physiological and biochemical traits of yeasts from soils of various ecosystems of East Antarctica." Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, no. 2 (2021): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2021.681.

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The diversity of psychrophilic / psychrotolerant microorganisms from Antarctica is a preferred subject of study by microbiologists, in turn, the communities of endolithic and hypolithic yeast cultures are practically not studied, and the literature on the biotechnological potential of such microorganisms should cover important biomolecules in addition to cold-adapted enzymes. In order to study the characteristics and biopotential of yeast cultures isolated from soil samples of East Antarctica, a number of physiological and biochemical tests were carried out. This article provides a list of the studied morphological characteristics, and also describes the results of the study of enzymatic activities and biochemical properties. In the course of research, it was revealed that Antarctic yeast isolates have a wide range of enzymatic activities when growing on agar media: most isolates were characterized by the presence of lipolytic, amylolytic, DNase, urease activities and the production of esters; a much smaller number of isolates were capable of manifesting proteolytic, cellulolytic and pectolytic activities, the release of organic acids and the formation of starch-like compounds. The study of tolerance to stress showed the presence of resistance of the studied cultures to the effects of ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 254 nm and low concentrations of copper sulfate in the environment. A qualitative assessment of the level of glycogen in yeast cells by staining with Lugol's solution showed that one culture is capable of accumulating glycogen in significant amounts. Additionally, the ability of yeast cells to accumulate lipids with increasing age of cultures was shown. The destruction of the surface of the mineral motor oil by the culture broth made it possible to identify yeast isolates with high destructive activity. This experience allows us to consider Antarctic yeast cultures as promising producers of biologically active compounds. The variety and spectrum of physiological activities of the investigated isolates allows us to consider them as promising producers of biological compounds for use in medicine and biotechnology.

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Ciubar Ion, R., C. M. Ciofrangeanu, B. Galateanu, Stef Manea, A. Cimpean, and D. Iordǎchescu. "Biochemical Investigation of Some Proteins from Human Primary Teeth to Evaluate Heavy Metal Pollution." Key Engineering Materials 415 (September 2009): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.415.53.

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This investigation is based on the premise that heavy metals are sequestered by the mineral phase of teeth [1,2], hydroxyapatite, during their formation and there is a relation between heavy metal pollution and progressive destruction of human primary tooth. Our study was carried out on temporary molars – sound and carious - extracted from children up to 6 year old, residing in an area of Romania known to be highly polluted with heavy metals (Pb and Cd). In carious dentin extracts we found increased levels of collagen type 1 and alkaline phosphatase activity that can be correlated with the remineralization processus during teeth decay. Gelatin zymography shown increased MMP-1 (type-I collagenase) and MMP-2 (gelatinase-A) activities only in dentin extract from carious teeth isolated from children residing in a highly polluted area, suggesting their role in pathological extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and degradation processes in the progression of carious decay.

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Baidamshina, Diana R., Victoria A. Koroleva, Svetlana S. Olshannikova, Elena Yu Trizna, Mikhail I. Bogachev, Valeriy G. Artyukhov, Marina G. Holyavka, and Airat R. Kayumov. "Biochemical Properties and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Chitosan-Immobilized Papain." Marine Drugs 19, no. 4 (March 31, 2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19040197.

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Chitosan, the product of chitin deacetylation, is an excellent candidate for enzyme immobilization purposes. Here we demonstrate that papain, an endolytic cysteine protease (EC: 3.4.22.2) from Carica papaya latex immobilized on the matrixes of medium molecular (200 kDa) and high molecular (350 kDa) weight chitosans exhibits anti-biofilm activity and increases the antimicrobials efficiency against biofilm-embedded bacteria. Immobilization in glycine buffer (pH 9.0) allowed adsorption up to 30% of the total protein (mg g chitosan−1) and specific activity (U mg protein−1), leading to the preservation of more than 90% of the initial total activity (U mL−1). While optimal pH and temperature of the immobilized papain did not change, the immobilized enzyme exhibited elevated thermal stability and 6–7-fold longer half-life time in comparison with the soluble papain. While one-half of the total enzyme dissociates from both carriers in 24 h, this property could be used for wound-dressing materials design with dosed release of the enzyme to overcome the relatively high cytotoxicity of soluble papain. Our results indicate that both soluble and immobilized papain efficiently destroy biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. As a consequence, papain, both soluble and immobilized on medium molecular weight chitosan, is capable of potentiating the efficacy of antimicrobials against biofilm-embedded Staphylococci. Thus, papain immobilized on medium molecular weight chitosan appears a presumably beneficial agent for outer wound treatment for biofilms destruction, increasing antimicrobial treatment effectiveness.

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GODOVA, G. V., A. A. OVOD, N. V. ASTAKHOVA, and E. A. KALASHNIKOVA. "HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF LETTUCE AND BASIL BY INFECTION WITH PS. AERUGINOSA AND PS. FLUORESCENS IN VITRO." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 3 (2020): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2020-3-56-69.

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Studies based on the use of an electronic microscope revealed ultrastructural changes in plant cells of lettuce and Basil in interaction with Ps.aeruginosa ATCC B3994, expressed in deformation and violation of the integrity of the cell wall, increasing the size of chloroplasts, sometimes full destruction accompanied by the increased number of plastoglobuli. Ps.fluorescens ATСC948 were localized in the cytoplasm and chloroplasts of cells without a cytotoxic action. Plant isolates were identified with gram staining, biochemical tests and PCR. Contamination of non-heattreated leaf vegetables with virulent strain Ps. aeruginosa is a potential threat to human health and life.

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Marfany, Gemma, Rosa Farràs, Eduardo Salido, Dimitris P. Xirodimas, and Manuel S. Rodríguez. "Much to know about proteolysis: intricate proteolytic machineries compromise essential cellular functions." Biochemical Society Transactions 36, no. 5 (September 19, 2008): 781–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0360781.

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Proteolysis has traditionally been considered as a radical way to terminate the function of a protein. However, protein destruction also is the starting point for many processes as they can only occur when the way has been cleared for the action of other proteins. Protein destruction can occur virtually in all compartments and organelles of the cell, associated with cell membranes or large protein complexes, it determines subcellular partitioning, association with positive or negative regulators which conditions the action of many critical cellular factors. The third intracellular proteolysis meeting held by the University La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain, included speakers working with some of the most important proteolytic systems present in higher eukaryotes, such as the UPS (ubiquitin–proteasome system) and autophagy. Owing to the fact that these pathways directly or indirectly regulate many cell functions, this meeting brought together an audience with a wide range of research interests, including genetic, cell biological, biochemical and structural aspects of protein degradation. Some of these topics inspired interesting discussions and a significant number of these are developed in the issues reviewed herein.

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Chauhan, D. C., P. S. Chari, G. K. Khuller, and Dalbir Singh. "Correlation of renal complications with extent and progression of tissue damage in electrical burns." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 37, no. 02 (July 2004): 099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697236.

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ABSTRACTElectrical injuries due to high-tension voltage (>1000 volts) cause destruction at the point of contact with massive necrosis of deeper structures such as muscles, vessels and nerves. Rhabdomyolysis due to massive breakdown of skeletal muscles may lead to acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria. The study was undertaken to observe the correlation of renal complications with extent and progression of tissue damage in high-tension voltage electrical burns. Renal biochemical parameters as predictors of acute renal failure were also studied. Thirty two patients of high tension voltage electrical burn injuries presenting during one year period 1-1-2001 to 31-12-2001 were studied. Low-tension voltage electrical injuries (< 1000 volts) mimic thermal burns were excluded from the study. The electrical wound assessment and the renal biochemical parameters were done daily for the first seven days and then on alternate days for another seven days. Assessment of progression of wounds and correlation with the renal biochemical parameters was done. Patients who died following electrical burns were subjected to autopsy and histopathological examination of both kidneys. Out of the thirty-two patients, six (18.75%) went into acute renal failure. Five out of these six patients died because of renal failure (mortality rate 83.33%). There was definite progression of electric burn wounds. There was no correlation between progression of electrical burn wounds and acute renal failure. Serum creatinine was found to be the most important biochemical parameter as a prognostic indicator of acute renal failure.

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Takimoto, Glenn, Carl Jones, William Lands, Anne Bauman, James Jeffrey, and Olga Jonasson. "Biochemical changes in rhesus monkey during the first days after streptozotocin administration are indicative of selective β cell destruction." Metabolism 37, no. 4 (April 1988): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(88)90137-0.

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Chikisheva, M. E., E. A. Kuprina, A. N. Manuilov, A. N. Yakkola, I. A. Naumov, and O. Kabysh. "Development of electro-biochemical technology for processing secondary fish raw materials and new types of products based on minced fish." E3S Web of Conferences 161 (2020): 01095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016101095.

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A new complex low-waste electro-biochemical technology has been developed for processing waste from cutting fish raw materials in the North-Western region (Atlantic cod, mackerel, herring and artificially grown trout) to produce nutrients with high yield and low degree of destruction - protein hydrolysates, as well as mineral precipitates, fat. The composition of the waste from cutting fish used for complex processing by the electro-biochemical method was investigated. The influence of the fishing season on the parameters of processing waste obtained from it was determined. The fractional composition of protein hydrolysates was studied. A comparative assessment of traditional enzyme preparations and preparations obtained by the electro-biochemical method as protein hydrolyzing components has been carried out. The process of obtaining an enzyme preparation from the insides of fish using catholyte and the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of secondary fish raw materials upon receipt of a protein hydrolyzate are investigated. The characteristics of waste processing equipment are given. The properties of nutrients were investigated and the feasibility of their use in the composition of fish products based on minced fish and mixtures for injecting fish fillets was shown. A formulation was developed and the organoleptic evaluation of minced products using the obtained protein hydrolysates was carried out.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Biochemical destruction'

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