Academic literature on the topic 'Bio-Safety'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bio-Safety":

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Ahmad, K. "Molecular farming: strategies, expression systems and bio-safety considerations." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 50, No. 1 (February 13, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/187/2013-cjgpb.

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Molecular farming is an experimental application of biotechnology that involves the genetic modification of crops for the production of proteins and chemicals for medicinal and commercial purposes. The vast majority in the developing world cannot afford the high cost of therapeutics produced by existing methods. We need to produce not only new therapeutics but also cheaper versions of the existing ones. Molecular farming could offer a viable option for this growing need for biopharmaceuticals. Plant made therapeutics are cheaper, safer, can be abundantly produced and easily stored. Here, strategies and approaches utilized in plant molecular farming are discussed. Furthermore, the bio-safety considerations related to this emerging field are also discussed.
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Roberts, Peter. "Virus safety in bio products." Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 59, no. 1 (January 1994): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280590126.

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Ntumba Kabitambishi Georgette, Angelique. "Assessment of Bio-Safety, Bio-Security and Microbial Ecology of Bovine Meat at the Masina Slaughterhouse." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2024): 1357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24122213935.

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Kumar, Kotta Kranthi. "Bio Safety Regulatory Agencies in India." Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 4, no. 1 (2018): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31024/ajpp.2018.4.1.3.

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Catalán, Julia, and Hannu Norppa. "Safety Aspects of Bio-Based Nanomaterials." Bioengineering 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering4040094.

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(Wayne) Wang, Yun F. "Ebola bio-safety and laboratory testing." Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 48, no. 2 (April 2015): S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2015.02.161.

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Raspor, Peter. "Bio-markers: traceability in food safety issues." Acta Biochimica Polonica 52, no. 3 (September 30, 2005): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2005_3427.

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Research and practice are focusing on development, validation and harmonization of technologies and methodologies to ensure complete traceability process throughout the food chain. The main goals are: scale-up, implementation and validation of methods in whole food chains, assurance of authenticity, validity of labelling and application of HACCP (hazard analysis and critical control point) to the entire food chain. The current review is to sum the scientific and technological basis for ensuring complete traceability. Tracing and tracking (traceability) of foods are complex processes due to the (bio)markers, technical solutions and different circumstances in different technologies which produces various foods (processed, semi-processed, or raw). Since the food is produced for human or animal consumption we need suitable markers to be stable and traceable all along the production chain. Specific biomarkers can have a function in technology and in nutrition. Such approach would make this development faster and more comprehensive and would make possible that food effect could be monitored with same set of biomarkers in consumer. This would help to develop and implement food safety standards that would be based on real physiological function of particular food component.
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Sauer, John-Michael, Elizabeth G. Walker, and Amy C. Porter. "The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium: safety bio-markers, collaboration, and qualification." Journal of Medicines Development Sciences 1, no. 1 (November 17, 2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/jmds.v1i1.116.

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The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium (PSTC) is one of nine consortia comprising the Critical Path Institute (C-Path), a non-profit organisation launched in 2005 and dedicated to playing the role of a catalyst in the development of new approaches that advance medical innovation and regulatory science. C-Path achieves this by lead-ing teams that share data, knowledge and expertise resulting in sound, consensus-based science. PSTC is a unique, public-private partnership that brings pharmaceutical companies together to share and validate safety testing methods under the advisement of worldwide regulatory agencies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). The eighteen corporate members of PSTC share a common goal: to find improved safety testing methods and approaches utilizing fluid-based safety biomarkers which accurately predict drug-induced tissue injury. Specifically, the primary goal of PSTC is the qualification of novel translational safety biomarkers for use in early clinical trials in order to ena-ble safer investigations and development of new drug candidates. This manuscript describes the critical importance of improved safety biomarkers to the drug development process and the present state of the biomarker qualification process with regulatory agencies. In addition, the work that the PSTC and its collaborative partners have done and con-tinue to do to identify and qualify more selective and specific safety biomarkers is highlighted. Finally, successes in-cluding the recently adopted regulatory Letter of Support and ongoing efforts to better define the regulatory qualifica-tion process and an integrated translational safety strategy are also discussed.
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Sauer, John-Michael, Elizabeth G. Walker, and Amy C. Porter. "The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium: safety bio-markers, collaboration, and qualification." Journal of Medicines Development Sciences 1, no. 1 (November 17, 2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/jmds.2015.01.007.

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The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium (PSTC) is one of nine consortia comprising the Critical Path Institute (C-Path), a non-profit organisation launched in 2005 and dedicated to playing the role of a catalyst in the development of new approaches that advance medical innovation and regulatory science. C-Path achieves this by lead-ing teams that share data, knowledge and expertise resulting in sound, consensus-based science. PSTC is a unique, public-private partnership that brings pharmaceutical companies together to share and validate safety testing methods under the advisement of worldwide regulatory agencies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). The eighteen corporate members of PSTC share a common goal: to find improved safety testing methods and approaches utilizing fluid-based safety biomarkers which accurately predict drug-induced tissue injury. Specifically, the primary goal of PSTC is the qualification of novel translational safety biomarkers for use in early clinical trials in order to ena-ble safer investigations and development of new drug candidates. This manuscript describes the critical importance of improved safety biomarkers to the drug development process and the present state of the biomarker qualification process with regulatory agencies. In addition, the work that the PSTC and its collaborative partners have done and con-tinue to do to identify and qualify more selective and specific safety biomarkers is highlighted. Finally, successes in-cluding the recently adopted regulatory Letter of Support and ongoing efforts to better define the regulatory qualifica-tion process and an integrated translational safety strategy are also discussed.
10

AHAMMED, TAMSEL, SABRINA ZAMAN, MD JUBAIR HASSAN, and SHIREEN NIGAR. "EVALUATION OF BIOSAFETY ASSESSMENT AMONG LABORATORY STAFF IN SELECTED HOSPITALS AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTERS AT JASHORE DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH." Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences 25, no. 02 (2023): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/ajmbes.2023.v25i02.003.

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–Medical laboratories staff are exposed to professional bio-hazards on a regular basis if proper protective standards are not put in place, both their health and safety may be at danger. The initiative of this study is based on the articulation of the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding biological hazards among the laboratory staffs. Innumerable accidents happen due to lack of sufficient information about laboratory safety procedures, a callous attitude, and incorrect administration in the laboratory. This study was carried out among the staff of selected Hospitals and Diagnostic Centers at Jashore region to evaluate the KPA of laboratory bio-safety. In both approaches and manner, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 192 laboratory staff from 52 Hospital and Diagnostic Centers. Data was gathered from a structured self-observed questionnaire and checklist, which were created and evaluated based on existing research and guidelines on universal work considerations. A total of 192 staffs who consented were included in the study. Where 150 (78.1%) male and 42(19.9%) female. 116 (64.4%) were 20-30 years age group, 49 (25.5%) were over 10 years of experience and 129(67.2%) married respondents. In the study 166 (86.5%) respondents work more than 8 hours in the lab and 59 (30.7%) were overweight. 66(34.4%) of staff have good knowledge on bio-safety, good attitude and practice 46 (24%) and 25(13%) on bio-safety respectively. Within the demographic information observed, only the working hour displayed significant (p=0.000) influence on the bio-safety knowledge. Age of the worker (p=0.000) and experience (p=0.001) had great influence on bio-safety attitude. Among the participants 104 (54.2%) received formal safety training and 155(80.7%) aware about universal work precaution. 145 (75.5%) never washed hands before putting gloves and 70(36.5%) always used PPE. Average (Mean ± SD) of laboratory staff knowledge, practice and attitude 71.72±10.40, 63.21±12.16 and 70.68±14.20 respectively. Overall, the data suggest that good knowledge and attitude to bio-safety practices between lab staff was indicated and their practices need to be more improved. Arrangement of training programs, proper monitoring and sticking to legislation must be implemented by the governance body to rise conversance of the laboratories staff about strict laboratory techniques and biohazards.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bio-Safety":

1

Fatahi, Mahsa [Verfasser]. "Ultra-high field MRI bio-effects and safety assessment : a multidisciplinary approach / Mahsa Fatahi." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139048465/34.

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QUATTRINI, MATTIA. "DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SYSTEMS OF BIO-PRESERVATION FOR THE SAFETY AND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/604973.

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This PhD thesis deals with the selection and characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria strains to be applied in different stages of supply chain of bakery and cereal production, in order to set up bio-control strategies, against the cereal-related fungal contaminants. We studied and highlighted some interesting functional and nutritional features of Lactobacillus plantarum CE84, which can be exploited as new starter for food fermentations, in bakery and/or cereal sector, delaying or inhibiting fungal contaminants. Moreover, we demonstrated that could be possible to prolong the mould-free shelf life of the bread, using selected hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus strains in sourdough preparation with wheat flour and sucrose. Further studies will allow to verify the possible application of these strategies for improving food quality and safety.
3

Koy, Rebaz. "Lactic acid bacteria as bio-preservatives in bakery : role of sourdough systems in the quality, safety and shelf life of bread." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9828.

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Microbial contamination and survival during storage of bread are a cause of both health concerns and economic losses. Traditional fermentation systems were studied as sources of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with antagonistic potential against foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms, with the aim to improve the safety and shelf life of bakery products. The antagonistic activity of four types of buttermilk (BM) products fermented with Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis was evaluated against a number of pathogenic bacteria to select the best fermented-BM for application as bio-preservatives in bread crumpets, showing up to 9 µg/ml of nisin equivalent antimicrobial activity. These food ingredients could be suitable to be used in crumpet formulations, BM fermented with Lc. lactis subsp. lactis and nisin influenced the quality and shelf life of crumpets; the pH value and firmness of products with fermented BM was lower and the acidity and springiness was higher than for unfermented BM treatment and control withouth additive. The nisin and fermented BM treatment had beneficial effects on the pore size and colour in comparison with the control, and improved microbial shelf life by 2 days. Commercial and traditional sourdough and bread samples (n=18) were collected to assess the diversity of LAB strains and potential properties when applied to dough and bread. DGGE followed by sequencing showed that Lactobacillus was the predominant genus in the studied sourdoughs. Lb. plantarum and Lb. brevis strains accounted for 69% of the 32 isolates, out of which 10 were amylolytic and 12 had proteolytic activity. Most were also good acid producers after 24 h at 30°C. Some LAB strains presented a strong in vitro inhibitory activity against five indicator strains, showing potential as starter cultures to ferment sourdough. In subsequent experiments, the properties of 24 sourdoughs were evaluated, and one of them, fermented with Lb. plantarum (SIN3) yielded low pH value, high lactic acid production, and suitable microbial growth, and was selected for further bread making performance trials. The bread with fast fermentation and high sourdough concentration (FFHSD) had a lower pH, higher acidity and increased the quality attributes with significantly better shelf life comparing to the other treatments during the storage period. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that fast-fermented breads were more acceptable than the slow-fermented counterparts. Bread prepared with high level (18%) of sourdough fast-fermented with the selected culture (SIN3) had a good eating quality and shelf life. The approach of this study is likely to yield feasible improvements of the current methods of preparation of baking goods.
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MOSCARDO, ELENA. "An integrated system for video and telemetric EEG recording, measuring beavioural and physiological parameters, as a tool in safety pharmacology testing for assessing CNS-side effects." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/337386.

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La valutazione combinata ed integrata della fisiologia e del comportamento permette una completa e coerente valutazione pre-clinica delle funzioni del sistema nervoso centrale. E’ stato sviluppato un sistema integrato di elettroencefalografia per via telemetrica e di video (Video-tEEG), che permette la registrazione simultanea e continua per lunghi periodi delle tracce EEG e delle immagini video. La presente ricerca e’ stata focalizzata sul set-up strumentale e sulla messa a punto della tecnica chirurgia per la registrazione combinata dei segnali EEG corticale, EEG ippocampale e elettromiogramma (EMG) mediante telemetria nel ratto. Il recupero post-operatorio degli animali e’ stato monitorato per periodi di 24 ore circa in occasione del Giorno 1, 6 e 15 dopo la chirurgia, mediante la registrazione delle trace EEG e dell’attivita’ motoria generale utilizzando i video. I risultati ottenuti suggeriscono che la tecnica chirurgica applicata per l’impianto del trasmettitoro telemetrico consente un recupero graduale degli animali entro 15 giorni dall’intervento chirurgico. Durante tutto il periodo di recupero post-chirurgico, i paramateri comportamentali e locomotori non hanno messo in evidenza cambiamenti del ritmo circadiano-giornaliero di buoi-luce e ritornano ai loro valori basali entro un periodo di 15 giorni. Utilizzando una connessine meccanica tra l’elletrodo penetrante in area profonda del cervello e l’elettrodo telemetrico, il sistema e’ in grado di acquisire segnali di EEG ippocampale di buona qualita’ a partire da 15 giorni dopo l’impianto. La ricerca ha dimostrato il possibile uso di questa tecnica di impianto chirurgico e l’applicazione del sistema integrato di Video-tEEG in diverse aree di ricerca pre-clinica compresa la Safety Pharmacology, con vantaggi per un uso etico degli animali nella ricerca.
The combined evaluation of physiology and behaviour allows a complete and comprehensive pre-clinical assessment of central nervous system (CNS) functions. An integrated video-telemetric electroencephalography (Video-tEEG) system, which allows the simultaneous and continuous recording of EEG and video images for long periods, was developed. This research work focuses on the equipment set-up and surgical methodology for combined recording of cortical, hippocampal EEG and electromyogram (EMG) waveforms by telemetry in freely moving rats. The post-operative recovery of animals was monitored by recording of EEGs and the general activity by videos for approximately 24 hours on Day 1, 6 and 15 after surgery. The results suggest that the applied surgical technique for the implantation of telemetric transmitter allows a gradual recovery of animals within 15 days. During all the recovery period the behavioural and locomotor parameters showed that there were no changes of the light-dark circadian cycle and they return to background values within a 15-day period. Using a mechanical connection between the deep and the telemetric electrodes, the recording system is able to acquire hippocampal EEG of good quality starting from 15 days after surgical implantation. The present research work demonstrated the possible use of this surgical technique and the application of the integrated Video-tEEG system in different pre-clinical research areas and also in Safety Pharmacology, with advantages for an ethical use of animals.
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Baratella, Davide. "Development of nanoparticle based technologies for food safety." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422432.

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Background Nanoscience and nanotechnology are highly promising and rapidly emerging areas for research and industrial innovation. Due to the remarkable physicochemical properties of manufactured nanomaterials, several promising applications were recently developed in the areas of agriculture and food production. Recently, a new method to synthesize superparamagnetic nanoparticles has been developed. These nanoparticles consist of stoichiometric maghemite, γ-Fe2O3, with unique spectroscopic properties and well-defined crystalline structure, and have been called “surface-active maghemite nanoparticles” (SAMNs). They form stable colloidal suspensions in water without any organic or inorganic coating to prevent their aggregation. At the same time, they are able to specifically and reversibly bind organic molecules, leading to composite colloidal materials, which can be exploited for biotechnological applications. In recent years nanotechnology was combined with various sensing techniques to develop the so-called "nano-sensors". Several promising applications were recently developed in the areas of agriculture and food production, with the capacity to impact both food industry and consumers. These sensors can be an effective alternative to the traditional methods for the detection of toxins and pathogens in food. Electrochemical detection is a popular method involving nanomaterial-based sensors with applications in the food industry. SAMNs show remarkable electrocatalytic properties and were used for the development of electrodes and biosensors. In this thesis, a set of different hybrids that include SAMNs are presented and the electrochemical features of the hybrids are reported. Results Tannic acid (TA), Quaternized Carbon Dots (Q-CD) and hexavalent chromium (CrVI) were successfully immobilized on SAMN surface. SAMN@TA was characterized using electrical impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The nanostructured ferric tannate interface showed improved conductivity and selective electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of polyphenols. A carbon-paste electrode modified with SAMN@TA was used for the determination of polyphenols in blueberry extracts by square-wave voltammetry. Q-CD @SAMN revealed specific electrocatalytic behavior toward the oxidation of phenols and the system was applied to develop a sensor for the coulometric determination of polyphenols from plant extracts. which displayed peculiar electrocatalytic properties attributable to the influence of the strong electrostatic interactions exerted by Q-CDs on the SAMN surface. The sensor is composed of a simple carbon paste electrode in a small volume electrochemical flow cell (1 μL), and is used for the complete direct electro-oxidation of polyphenols from plant extracts. Finally, SAMNs were successfully applied to remove CrVI from water. The hybrid SAMN@CrVI was used to immobilize bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO) and this complex was electrochemical showed good performances toward H2O2 detection. SAMN@CrVI-BSAO was applied for the development of a polyamine biosensor, which was successfully exploited for the discrimination of tumorous and healthy tissues obtained from liver extracts. Conclusions Sensing strategies based on SAMNs offer unique advantages over other techniques. They are produced by a low-cost procedure, they are physically and chemically stable, biocompatible and environmentally safe. In this thesis, SAMNs were utilized to prepare three different hybrids and were successfully applied for the construction of three different electrochemical sensors, showing good performances, and successfully applied to real samples.
La nanoscienza e la nanotecnologia sono aree altamente promettenti e rapidamente emergenti per la ricerca e l'innovazione industriale. A causa delle notevoli proprietà fisico-chimiche dei nanomateriali prodotti, sono state recentemente sviluppate diverse applicazioni promettenti nelle aree dell'agricoltura e della produzione alimentare. Recentemente, è stato sviluppato un nuovo metodo per sintetizzare nanoparticelle superparamagnetiche. Queste nanoparticelle consistono di maghemite stechiometrica, γ-Fe2O3, con proprietà spettroscopiche uniche e struttura cristallina ben definita, e sono state chiamate surface active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMN). Formano sospensioni colloidali stabili in acqua senza alcun rivestimento organico o inorganico per impedire la loro aggregazione. Allo stesso tempo, sono in grado di legare in modo specifico e reversibile molecole organiche, portando a materiali colloidali compositi, che possono essere sfruttati per applicazioni biotecnologiche. Negli ultimi anni la nanotecnologia è stata combinata con varie tecniche di rilevamento per sviluppare i cosiddetti "nano-sensori". Diverse applicazioni promettenti sono state recentemente sviluppate nei settori dell'agricoltura e della produzione alimentare, con la capacità di influenzare sia l'industria alimentare che i consumatori. Questi sensori possono essere un'alternativa efficace ai metodi tradizionali per la rilevazione di tossine e patogeni negli alimenti. Il rilevamento elettrochimico è un metodo popolare che coinvolge sensori basati su nanomateriali con applicazioni nell'industria alimentare. Le SAMN mostrano notevoli proprietà elettrocatalitiche e sono stati utilizzati per lo sviluppo di elettrodi e biosensori. In questa tesi vengono presentati un insieme di diversi ibridi che includono SAMN e vengono riportate le caratteristiche elettrochimiche degli ibridi. Risultati L'acido tannico (TA), quantum dots di carbonio (Q-CD) e il cromo esavalente (CrVI) sono stati immobilizzati con successo sulla superficie del SAMN. SAMN@TA è stato caratterizzato mediante spettroscopia di impedenza elettrica, voltammetria e cronoamperometria. L'interfaccia di tannato ferrico nanostrutturata mostrava conduttività migliorata e attività elettrocatalitica selettiva verso l'ossidazione dei polifenoli. Un elettrodo di pasta di carbone modificato con SAMN@TA è stato utilizzato per la determinazione dei polifenoli negli estratti di mirtillo mediante voltammetria. Q-CD@SAMN ha rivelato un comportamento elettrocatalitico specifico verso l'ossidazione dei fenoli e il sistema è stato applicato per sviluppare un sensore per la determinazione coulometrica dei polifenoli dagli estratti vegetali. che mostrava proprietà elettrocatalitiche peculiari attribuibili all'influenza delle forti interazioni elettrostatiche esercitate dai Q-CD sulla superficie del SAMN. Il sensore è composto da un semplice elettrodo di pasta di carbone in una cella a flusso elettrochimico di piccolo volume (1 μL), ed è utilizzato per l'elettro-ossidazione diretta completa di polifenoli da estratti vegetali. Infine, i SAMN sono stati applicati con successo per rimuovere CrVI dall'acqua. L'ibrido SAMN@CrVI è stato utilizzato per immobilizzare l'ammina ossidasi del siero bovino (BSAO) e questo complesso era elettrochimico ha mostrato buone prestazioni per il rilevamento di H2O2. SAMN@CrVI-BSAO è stato applicato per lo sviluppo di un biosensore in poliammide, che è stato sfruttato con successo per la discriminazione dei tessuti tumorali e sani ottenuti da estratti di fegato. Conclusioni Le strategie di sensing basate sui SAMN offrono vantaggi unici rispetto ad altre tecniche. Sono prodotti con una procedura a basso costo, sono fisicamente e chimicamente stabili, biocompatibili e sicuri per l'ambiente. In questa tesi, i SAMN sono stati utilizzati per preparare tre diversi ibridi e sono stati applicati con successo per la costruzione di tre diversi sensori elettrochimici, mostrando buone prestazioni e applicati con successo a campioni reali.
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Josephs, Jennifer. "Perceptions of Validity: How Knowledge is Created, Transformed and Used in Bio-Agricultural Technology Safety Testing for the Development of Government Policies and Regulations." NSUWorks, 2017. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/59.

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This is a case study dissertation to research the socio-political conflict surrounding Gilles Eric Séralini’s et al (2012) research on the toxicity of Monsanto’s NK603 line of corn and the herbicide Roundup. The study analyzes this conflict as a system of interconnected and often conflicting interests, assumptions and ideologies about how knowledge is created and transformed from the research stage to the policy implementation stage. The goal of this study is to: 1.) analyze critical surface level and underlying factors that contribute to the conflict; 2.) analyze systemic processes between national and international researchers, private interests and government policymakers in developing and implementing research protocols, policies and regulations pertaining (but not limited) to Monsanto’s NK603 corn and Roundup; 3.) identify potential patterns of knowledge transformation from the research stage to policy implementation. The theoretical approach used in this study considers social construction, critical theory and Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolution. In utilizing case study methodology, this study incorporates internal analysis of Séralini’s case with a basic comparative analysis of DDT and lead policy processes and knowledge transformation, using mainly secondary data sources supplemented with primary interview material from two select researchers using purposive sampling. By conducting this research, it is hoped that this study reveals a better understanding of the complex interconnected systems that help create and transform food safety policies and the science that supports and/or transforms them.
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ANGRI, MATTEO. "FOOD SAFETY AND QUALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE ROLE OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10797.

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La sicurezza e la qualità degli alimenti sono tutt’ora un problema critico per i paesi in via di sviluppo. Le diete a basso contenuto di acido folico, per esempio, possono causare gravi problemi di salute, soprattutto nei bambini. Gravi disturbi legati al tubo neurale (DTN) nei neonati possono derivare infatti da madri che hanno insufficiente apporto di acido folico (400-600 g / giorno) durante il periodo di gravidanza. Inoltre, se non adeguatamente protetti o trattati, I prodotti alimentari possono essere vettori di funghi e batteri patogeni rappresentando una fonte potenziale di malattie per l’uomo e una perdita economica per le industrie agro-alimentari. Nella seguente tesi si è quindi quindi studiato il ruolo di batteri lattici selezionati (LAB) in grado di aumentare il valore nutrizionale del latte attraverso la produzione di acido folico durante il processo di fermentazione. Inoltre, ci si è concentrati sul loro uso come "bio-conservanti" contro funghi e batteri, attraverso la sintesi di composti antimicrobici (batteriocine) in grado di inibire la crescita di funghi filamentosi e/o batteri patogeni.
The safety and quality of food are still a critical issue in developing countries. Diets with a low content of folic acid, for example, may cause serious health problems, especially in children. Severe disorders related to neural tube (NTD) in infants may arise from mothers having inadequate intakes of folic acid (400-600 g/dia) during the mother pregnancy period. Moreover foods, when not properly protected or treated, can be vectors of pathogenic fungi and bacteria thereby representing a potential source of human diseases and an economical loss for the food industry. In the following thesis we have therefore investigated the role of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in increasing the nutritional value of milk through the production of folic acid during the fermentation process. In addition, we focused on their use as “bio-preservatives” against fungal and bacterial spoilage, through the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds (bacteriocins) able to inhibit the growth of filamentous fungi and /or pathogenic bacteria.
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ANGRI, MATTEO. "FOOD SAFETY AND QUALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE ROLE OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10797.

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La sicurezza e la qualità degli alimenti sono tutt’ora un problema critico per i paesi in via di sviluppo. Le diete a basso contenuto di acido folico, per esempio, possono causare gravi problemi di salute, soprattutto nei bambini. Gravi disturbi legati al tubo neurale (DTN) nei neonati possono derivare infatti da madri che hanno insufficiente apporto di acido folico (400-600 g / giorno) durante il periodo di gravidanza. Inoltre, se non adeguatamente protetti o trattati, I prodotti alimentari possono essere vettori di funghi e batteri patogeni rappresentando una fonte potenziale di malattie per l’uomo e una perdita economica per le industrie agro-alimentari. Nella seguente tesi si è quindi quindi studiato il ruolo di batteri lattici selezionati (LAB) in grado di aumentare il valore nutrizionale del latte attraverso la produzione di acido folico durante il processo di fermentazione. Inoltre, ci si è concentrati sul loro uso come "bio-conservanti" contro funghi e batteri, attraverso la sintesi di composti antimicrobici (batteriocine) in grado di inibire la crescita di funghi filamentosi e/o batteri patogeni.
The safety and quality of food are still a critical issue in developing countries. Diets with a low content of folic acid, for example, may cause serious health problems, especially in children. Severe disorders related to neural tube (NTD) in infants may arise from mothers having inadequate intakes of folic acid (400-600 g/dia) during the mother pregnancy period. Moreover foods, when not properly protected or treated, can be vectors of pathogenic fungi and bacteria thereby representing a potential source of human diseases and an economical loss for the food industry. In the following thesis we have therefore investigated the role of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in increasing the nutritional value of milk through the production of folic acid during the fermentation process. In addition, we focused on their use as “bio-preservatives” against fungal and bacterial spoilage, through the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds (bacteriocins) able to inhibit the growth of filamentous fungi and /or pathogenic bacteria.
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Biagi, Chiara. "Utilizzo di dronedarone, amiodarone e rischio di insufficienza renale acuta: uno studio di coorte sulla popolazione di Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423928.

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INTRODUCTION Dronedarone is a multichannel blocker and it was approved in 2009 by the European Commission in the treatment of arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal or persistent). Initially, it was assessed as a less efficacious but possibly safer anti-arrhythmic drug than amiodarone, but soon unfavourable safety issues were raised (doubling of cases of death in patients with severe heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, life-threatening cases of liver failure requiring liver transplantation, increased rate of heart failure, stroke and death from cardiovascular causes in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and at risk for major cardiovascular events, reports of possible lung toxicity). In 2012, during the periodic assessment of reported adverse drug reactions in the Italian database, a possible association between dronedarone exposure and acute renal failure (ARF) occurrence was identified. To better investigate the potential association between renal damage and dronedarone, a retrospective cohort study using regional health service claim databases from Lombardy and Emilia Romagna was performed. METHODS From the outpatients drugs prescription database we extracted all patients receiving at least one prescription of amiodarone or dronedarone between 1st September 2010 and 31th December 2012. Each member of the cohort was followed from the first prescription until the earliest of the following events: first hospitalization for ARF (outcome of interest), discontinuation or switching from the election therapy, death of any cause, emigration and end of the follow-up (31th December 2012). We undertook Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between dronedarone and the risk of ARF, taking amiodarone group as baseline comparison. We estimated HRs adjusted for high-dimensional propensity score, taking the drug and diagnosis codes from large health care claims databases. RESULTS During the study period, 59,881 patients without previous episodes of renal failure, started a new treatment with dronedarone (1,751) or amiodarone (58,130), and generated 30 and 1831 events of ARF, respectively. The mean age of patients treated with dronedarone was significantly lower than that of amiodarone ones (70.1 vs. 74.8). About 50% of patients in dronedarone group were males compared with 56% of the amiodarone group. Patients on dronedarone group had typically less comorbidities than those starting with amiodarone. The risk of hospitalization for renal failure for dronedarone compared to amiodarone was 0.79 (IC 95% 0.47-1.33). CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed a lower risk of hospitalization for renal failure for dronedarone compared to amiodarone. Since the increasing number of reports collected from pharmacovigilance databases worldwide, it is advisable for clinicians and patients to be aware of the risk of kidney damage during dronedarone therapy. The safety information on renal toxicity provided on the labels of amiodarone-containing products marketed in different countries is not standardized, therefore harmonization would be helpful for the healthcare practitioner and patients.
UTILIZZO DI DRONEDARONE, AMIODARONE E RISCHIO DI INSUFFICIENZA RENALE ACUTA: UNO STUDIO DI COORTE SULLA POPOLAZIONE DI LOMBARDIA ED EMILIA ROMAGNA INTRODUZIONE Il dronedarone è un bloccante multicanale approvato dalla Commissione europea nel 2009 per il trattamento di alcune forme di aritmia (fibrillazione atriale, parossistica o persistente). A sostegno della sua autorizzazione al commercio, si dichiarava che il farmaco fosse un po’ meno efficace ma più sicuro dell’amiodarone, ma ben presto il farmaco è stato associato a gravi problemi di sicurezza (raddoppio dei decessi in pazienti con grave insufficienza cardiaca e disfunzione ventricolare sistolica sinistra, casi di insufficienza epatica con necessità di trapianto, di insufficienza cardiaca, ictus, decessi per cause cardiovascolari in pazienti con fibrillazione atriale permanente e a rischio di eventi cardiovascolari maggiori, casi di tossicità polmonare). Nel 2012, alcuni dati derivanti dalla segnalazione spontanea in Italia avevano fatto emergere una associazione causale tra esposizione a dronedarone e insufficienza renale acuta (IRA). Al fine di approfondire tale segnale, è stato eseguito uno studio di coorte utilizzando i database delle prescrizioni farmaceutiche e delle schede di dimissioni ospedaliere delle regioni Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna. METODI Sono stati selezionati i pazienti con una nuova prescrizione di amiodarone o di dronedarone nel periodo compreso tra il 1 settembre 2010 e il 31 dicembre 2012. Ogni paziente è stato seguito dalla prima prescrizione fino alla comparsa di uno dei seguenti eventi: primo episodio di ricovero per IRA (evento di interesse), morte per altra causa, emigrazione, interruzione o switching della terapia, fine del follow-up (31 dicembre 2012). Il rischio di IRA nei trattati con dronedarone rispetto a quelli con amiodarone è stato valutato tramite l’hazard ratio (HR) con intervallo di confidenza (IC) al 95%, stimato da un modello di regressione di Cox. Le stime sono state corrette utilizzando l’high dimensional propensity score, costruito utilizzando i database delle prescrizioni e dei ricoveri. RISULTATI Nel periodo di osservazione, sono stati reclutati 59.881 soggetti senza precedenti episodi di insufficienza renale, di cui 1.751 nuovi trattati con dronedarone e 58.130 con amiodarone, con 30 e 1831 eventi, rispettivamente. I trattati con dronedarone sono risultati più giovani (età media 70,1 vs. 74,8), di sesso femminile (50,1 % vs. 44%) e con meno comorbilità. Il rischio di ricovero per IRA nei trattati con dronedarone rispetto al gruppo trattato con amiodarone è stato pari a 0,79 (IC 95% 0,47-1,33). CONCLUSIONI I nostri risultati hanno rivelato un minor rischio di ospedalizzazione per insufficienza renale da dronedarone rispetto all’amiodarone. Tuttavia, dato il crescente numero di segnalazioni di danno renale da dronedarone raccolte nelle banche dati di farmacovigilanza a livello mondiale, è consigliabile che i medici e i pazienti siano consapevoli di questa associazione. Le informazioni di sicurezza sulla tossicità renale nelle schede tecniche dei medicinali contenenti amiodarone commercializzati in diversi paesi non sono standardizzate, e sarebbe quindi opportuno procedere a una armonizzazione nell’interesse di medici e pazienti.
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BOURDICHON, FRANCOIS. "Dimostrazione di sicurezza delle specie microbiche Valutazione del rischio di ceppi microbici specifici per l'uso nella catena alimentare." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/115770.

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Gli alimenti fermentati sono stati consumati per più di 10 000 anni. La fermentazione degli alimenti è probabilmente una delle più antiche tecnologie alimentari implementate dall'uomo, sebbene le conoscenze scientifiche alla base del suo ruolo e dei meccanismi di azione siano state studiate solo negli ultimi 150 anni. Attualmente, si stima che i prodotti alimentari fermentati rappresentino un terzo della nostra assunzione di cibo. La microbiologia alimentare ha fornito molte risposte dietro i ruoli, le modalità di azione, la nutrizione e gli effetti sulla salute degli alimenti fermentati. Tuttavia, uno dei principali temi di preoccupazione rimane la dimostrazione di sicurezza delle colture alimentari microbiche. Più di recente, alla fine del 2017, la Cina ha bloccato l'importazione di formaggi dall'Europa, a causa della presenza di colture alimentari microbiche non presenti nell'elenco cinese positivo 2010. Anche l'Europa (Biohazard Panel – Qualified Presumption of Safety) e gli Stati Uniti (GRAS – Generalmente riconosciuto come sicuro) dispongono rispettivamente di una procedura per la valutazione del rischio microbico delle specie microbiche aggiunte volontariamente alla catena alimentare. L'International Dairy Federation (IDF), in collaborazione con l'associazione europea Food and Feed Cultures, ha lavorato negli ultimi 20 anni su un inventario delle specie microbiche con proprietà tecnologiche negli alimenti fermentati. Durante il ciclo di 3 anni, abbiamo proseguito il lavoro dell'IDF, aggiornando due volte l'inventario, nel 2018 con l'introduzione di specie alimentari microbiche da prodotti alimentari indigeni asiatici, e nel 2021 considerando le varie matrici alimentari e l'utilizzo alimentare riconducibili a un singole specie microbiche. Pertanto, abbiamo concentrato il lavoro sul ruolo delle colture alimentari e sulla bioconservazione degli alimenti, come inizialmente suggerito dalla logica iniziale della dimostrazione delle colture alimentari dell'IDF. A dimostrazione del concetto dell'approccio della dimostrazione di sicurezza di una coltura alimentare, il lavoro analitico è stato svolto su una raccolta di alimenti e isolati clinici della specie microbica Weissella confusa, che possono essere sia isolati in prodotti da forno (Europa), piante a base di prodotti derivati ​​(Asia) e con studi preliminari per il suo utilizzo nei prodotti lattiero-caseari. Il presente studio proporrà una dimostrazione di sicurezza delle specie microbiche per il loro uso attraverso l'inoculazione in una matrice alimentare per l'uso nella catena alimentare. Ha lo scopo di evitare scambi commerciali tra paesi in cui non è possibile stabilire una storia di utilizzo sicuro per un prodotto alimentare fermentato autoctono sul mercato internazionale, oltre a evitare le insidie ​​dell'incrocio di fermentazione, modificando al contempo la matrice alimentare in cui viene effettuata la fermentazione alimentare , e possibilmente omettendo le attività dannose dei metaboliti.
Fermented foods have been consumed for more than 10 000 years. Food fermentation is probably one of the oldest food technologies implemented by man, although the scientific knowledge behind its role and mechanisms of actions have only been studied in the past 150 years. Presently, fermented food products are estimated to represent a third of our food intake. Food Microbiology has provided many answers behind the roles, modes of action, nutrition and health effects of fermented foods. One of the major topics of concern nevertheless remains the safety demonstration of the microbial food cultures. Most recently, in late 2017, China blocked the importation of cheeses from Europe, due to the presence of microbial food cultures not present in the Chinese 2010 positive list. Europe (Biohazard Panel – Qualified Presumption of Safety) and United States (GRAS – Generally Recognized as Safe) also have a procedure in place respectively for the microbial risk assessment of microbial species voluntarily added to the food chain. The International Dairy Federation (IDF), in collaboration with the European Food and Feed Cultures association, has been working for the past 20 years on an inventory of microbial species with technological properties in fermented foods. During the 3 years cycle, we have continued the work of the IDF, updating twice the inventory, in 2018 with the introduction of microbial food species from indigenous Asian food products, and in 2021 while considering the various food matrices and food usage attributable to a single microbial species. As such, we have focused the work on the role of food cultures and food bio-preservation, as initially suggested by the initial rationale of demonstration of food cultures of the IDF. As a proof of concept of the approach of safety demonstration of a food culture, the analytical work has been done of a collection of food and clinical isolates of the microbial species Weissella confusa, which can be both isolated in bakery products (Europe), plant-based products (Asia) and with preliminary studies for its used in dairy food products. The present study will propose a safety demonstration of microbial species for its use through inoculation in a food matrix for use in the food chain. It is aimed to avoid barrier trades between countries where a history of safe use cannot be established for an indigenous fermented food products on international market, as well as avoiding the pitfalls of cross over fermentation, while changing the food matrix where the food fermentation is done, and possibly omitting deleterious metabolites activities.

Books on the topic "Bio-Safety":

1

Giardi, Maria Teresa, Giuseppina Rea, and B. Berra. Bio-farms for nutraceuticals: Functional food and safety control by biosensors. Austin, Tex: Landes Bioscience, 2010.

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Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (India), ed. Techno market survey on occupational health, safety and hazard management in bio-technology & related industry. New Delhi: Technology Information, Forecasting & Assessment Council, 1998.

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Scheinberg, Sam. Survive bio-terrorism: A basic handbook. Newport, OR: CYA Publications, 2001.

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Singh, Anupam. Intellectual property rights and bio-technology: Biosafety and bioethics. Delhi: Narendra Pub. House, 2012.

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Naidu, David. Biotechnology & nanotechnology: Regulation under environmental, health, and safety laws. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Hessayon, D. G. The bio friendly gardening guide: Gardening with people, animals, and the environment in mind. Waltham Cross, Herts, England: PBI Publications, 1990.

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Canadian Biotechnology Strategy Task Force. Renewal of the Canadian biotechnology strategy : resource document =: Renouvellement de la stratégie canadienne en matière de biotechnologie : document de référence. Ottawa, Ont: Industry Canada = Industrie Canada, 1998.

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Völpel, Nadine. Vom Acker bis zum Teller: Rückverfolgbarkeit von Bio- und Gen-Food. [Hamburg]: Igel-Verl., 2008.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. Germs, viruses, and secrets: The silent proliferation of bio-laboratories in the United States : hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, October 4, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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The bio-safety cabinet. Melbourne: CSIRO, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bio-Safety":

1

Magarian, Elise M., and Martha M. Murray. "Safety of the Bio-enhanced Repair." In The ACL Handbook, 265–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0760-7_19.

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ter Haar, Gail. "Ultrasound Bio-Effects and Safety Considerations." In Translational Neurosonology, 23–30. Basel: S. KARGER AG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000366233.

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Hien, Ngo Thi Minh, Nguyen Thi Kim Mai, Vo Hoang Thuc Minh, Nguyen Thi My Anh, Nguyen Ngoc Thang, Vo Duong Van Anh, Do Tuyet Nhi, Nguyen Quoc Duy Nam, and Huynh Quang Linh. "Bio-safety and Bio-efficiency of Micro-plasma Exposure to Fibroblast Cells L929." In IFMBE Proceedings, 219–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5859-3_39.

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Pérez-López, Briza, and Arben Merkoçi. "Nanomaterials-Based (Bio)Sensing Systems for Safety and Security Applications." In Portable Chemical Sensors, 43–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2872-1_3.

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Kogler, Jürgen, Christoph Sulzbachner, Erwin Schoitsch, Wilfried Kubinger, and Martin Litzenberger. "ADOSE – Bio-Inspired In-Vehicle Sensor Technology for Active Safety." In Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2010, 155–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16362-3_16.

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Sithole, Anele, and Shalini Singh. "Safety and Associated Legislation of Selected Food Contact Bio-Based Packaging." In Biobased Packaging Materials, 247–77. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6050-7_10.

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Ghosh, Tabli, Kona Mondal, and Vimal Katiyar. "Current Prospects of Bio-Based Nanostructured Materials in Food Safety and Preservation." In Food Product Optimization for Quality and Safety Control, 111–64. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003003144-6.

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Marievsky, V., S. Doan, and E. Polischuk. "Museum-Depository of Pathogenic Microorganisms in the System of Ensuring Bio-Safety." In Counteraction to Chemical and Biological Terrorism in East European Countries, 299–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2342-1_36.

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Vellutato, Arthur. "Cleaning and Disinfecting Laminar Flow Workstations, Bio Safety Cabinets and Fume Hoods." In Handbook of Validation in Pharmaceutical Processes, 419–28. 4th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003163138-25.

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Mahendra Dev, S., and Vijay Laxmi Pandey. "Dietary Diversity, Nutrition and Food Safety." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 39–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0763-0_3.

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AbstractThere is a coexistence of undernutrition, over-nutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies in India. A structural shift in the dietary pattern and nutrition transition is observed. The contribution of cereals to calorie and protein intake is high, and an increased share of non-cereals items in calories and protein intake is reflected. The consumption of unhealthy foods has increased. Widespread adoption of healthy diets may lead to some adverse environmental impacts. Multi-pronged strategies with increased coverage, better targeting, change in the design, higher allocations of funds, and coordination between different policies and programmes to achieve SDG 2 targets are required. Pathways for nutritional security consist of improving dietary diversity, kitchen gardens, reducing postharvest losses, bio-fortification of staples with its inclusion in safety net programmes, women’s empowerment, enforcement of standards and regulations, improving WASH, nutrition education, and effective use of digital technology. Food and nutrition security initiatives will require tuning it with changing demographics, livelihood patterns, environmental sustainability, health-specific needs, and overall development activities.

Conference papers on the topic "Bio-Safety":

1

Cheng, Jin-xin. "Research on the bio-safety of nanomaterials." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsnt.2011.6182527.

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Kim, Sungho, Booyong Choi, Taehwan Cho, Yongkyun Lee, Hyojin Koo, and Dongsoo Kim. "Wearable bio signal monitoring system applied to aviation safety." In 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037327.

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D’AGOSTINO, TOMMY, MICHELE MEO, and MAURO ZARRELLI. "Bio-robotic ROV Design for Pipe-work Opto-sensorial Safety-inspections." In Structural Health Monitoring 2017. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2017/13884.

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Sridharan, Srivatsan. "Authenticated secure bio-metric based access to the bank safety lockers." In 2014 International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icices.2014.7034063.

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Rundo, Francesco, Concetto Spampinato, Sabrina Conoci, Francesca Trenta, and Sebastiano Battiato. "Deep Bio-Sensing Embedded System for a Robust Car-Driving Safety Assessment." In 2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307409.

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Conde, Cristina, Eduardo Orbe, Isaac Martin de Diego, and Enrique Cabello. "Bio-inspired Event Based Motion Detection for Traffic Safety in a Close-Real Automotive Environment." In 2011 IEEE Electronics, Robotics and Automotive Mechanics Conference (CERMA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cerma.2011.26.

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Zaitsev, A. V. "BIVALVE MOLLUSK SHELLS AS A PROMISING MATERIAL FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS." In Современные проблемы регионального развития. ИКАРП ДВО РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31433/978-5-904121-35-8-2022-103-106.

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The problems of the method of photocatalytic wastewater treatment from organic pollutants, concerning the ecological safety of photocatalytic materials are considered. The prospects of using bio-indifferent natural materials both as initial components of catalysts and as carriers of photocatalytic coatings are described.
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Shi, Ruisi, Xing Chen, Ruolin Huang, and Jingyu Zhang. "Enhancing Pedestrian Comprehension through a Bio-Motion eHMI Design for Autonomous Vehicles." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004418.

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Autonomous vehicles are transforming the transportation industry. In conventional traffic environments, human drivers convey intentions to other pedestrians using gestures and facial expressions. Yet, these traditional interactions, vital for safety, are conspicuously absent in autonomous vehicles, leading to comprehension difficulties and heightened street-crossing risks. While current External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) aim to mitigate this communication void, they often demand prior familiarization and fall short of intuitiveness, complicating the universal interpretation of a vehicle's intent. To address this, we've developed a novel eHMI for autonomous vehicles, capitalizing on biological motion features. These features, represented by moving dots, capture the movement of key joints in fundamental animal behaviors, such as halting and yielding. Drawing from leopards' skeletal and motion patterns, our bio-motion eHMI integrates animal communication metaphors, like 'please let me pass' and 'I will yield,' to enhance clarity in vehicle-pedestrian interactions. We investigate whether integrating these animal-inspired biological motion patterns into autonomous vehicles can bolster pedestrian comprehension of vehicle intent and movement, ultimately fostering safer street-crossing behaviors. 32 Chinese participants engaged in the experiment online, observing video clips that demonstrated vehicular movements via our eHMI. Subsequently, they answered multiple-choice questions assessing their understanding of the vehicle's movement and intent. The results show that the Bio-Motion eHMI significantly outperforms both Text eHMI and Non-display in interpreting vehicle movement. Moreover, both Bio-Motion eHMI and Text eHMI excel over Non-display in discerning vehicle intent. Impressively, the bio-motion eHMI not only stands out in accuracy concerning vehicle intent and movement but also garners superior subjective preferences compared to other interfaces. In conclusion, our biologically-inspired motion-centric eHMI presents a natural conduit for vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, ensuring swift and precise comprehension of vehicle intentions. This pioneering approach has the potential to revolutionize external vehicle interfaces, marking a new chapter in inclusive design within the autonomous vehicle realm.
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Santos, Eliane, Luiz Camacho, Clara Lucy, Ricardo Brum, Janaina Xavier, Deborah Conceição, Patrícia Oliveira, Maria Maia, Tania Petraglia, and Kleber Luz. "A phase II, III clinical trial to assess immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of the measles, rubella vaccine, produced by Bio-Manguinhos." In International Symposium on Immunobiological. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.2021_46695.

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Tagawa, Akihiro, and Masahisa Watanabe. "Demonstration Test Results of Organic Materials’ Volumetric Reduction Using Bio-Ethanol, Thermal Decomposition and Burning." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96133.

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To discover technologies that can be utilized for decontamination work and verify their effects, economic feasibility, safety, and other factors, the Ministry of the Environment launched the “FY2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Project” to publicly solicit decontamination technologies that would be verified in demonstration tests and adopted 22 candidates. JAEA was commissioned by the Ministry of the Environment to provide technical assistance related to these demonstrations. This paper describes the volume reduction due to bio-ethanol, thermal decomposition and burning of organic materials in this report. The purpose of this study is that to evaluate a technique that can be used as biomass energy source, while performing volume reduction of contamination organic matter generated by decontamination. An important point of volume reduction technology of contaminated organic matter, is to evaluate the mass balance in the system. Then, confirming the mass balance of radioactive material and where to stay is important. The things that are common to all technologies, are ensuring that the radioactive cesium is not released as exhaust gas, etc.. In addition, it evaluates the cost balance and energy balance in order to understand the applicability to the decontamination of volume reduction technology. The radioactive cesium remains in the carbides when organic materials are carbonized, and radioactive cesium does not transfer to bio-ethanol when organic materials are processed for bio-ethanol production. While plant operating costs are greater if radioactive materials need to be treated, if income is expected by business such as power generation, depreciation may be calculated over approximately 15 years.

Reports on the topic "Bio-Safety":

1

Altenbach, T. J., and S. N. Nguyen. Preliminary Authorization Basis Documentation for the Proposed Bio Safety Level 3 (BSl-3) Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004925.

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Edwards, Lulu, Charles Weiss, J. Newman, Fred Nichols, L. Coffing, and Quint Mason. Corrosion and performance of dust palliatives : laboratory and field studies. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42125.

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This report details laboratory and field experiments on BioPreferred® dust suppressants to assess performance and corrosion characteristics. Numerous bio-based dust suppressant products are marketed, but little data are available to assess performance for dust abatement and corrosion of common metals. A laboratory study used an air impingement device and the Portable In-Situ Wind ERosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) to simulate wind speeds similar to those in field conditions for rotary wing aircraft. Laboratory corrosion studies used metal coupons imbedded in soil treated with dust palliative. Field trials were conducted using ground vehicle traffic to minimize cost and lower safety concerns while increasing surface wear from repetitive traffic. These studies clearly show that bio-based products demonstrate low corrosion potential with similar dust abatement performance to synthetic-based agents.
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Rahimipour, Shai, and David Donovan. Renewable, long-term, antimicrobial surface treatments through dopamine-mediated binding of peptidoglycan hydrolases. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597930.bard.

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Abstract:
There is a need for renewable antimicrobial surface treatments that are semi- permanent, can eradicate both biofilms and planktonic pathogens over long periods of time and that do not select for resistant strains. This proposal describes a dopamine binding technology that is inexpensive, bio-friendly, non-toxic, and uses straight-forward commercially available products. The antimicrobial agents are peptidoglycanhydrolase enzymes that are non-toxic and highly refractory to resistance development. The goal of this project is to create a treatment that will be applicable to a wide variety of surfaces and will convey long-lasting antimicrobial activity. Although the immediate goal is to create staphylolytic surfaces, the technology should be applicable to any pathogen and will thus contribute to no less than 3 BARD priorities: 1) increased animal production by protecting animals from invasive and emerging diseases, 2) Antimicrobial food packaging will improve food safety and security and 3) sustainable bio- energy systems will be supported by coating fermentation vats with antimicrobials that could protect ethanolic fermentations from Lactobacillus contamination that reduces ethanol yields. The dopamine-based modification of surfaces is inspired by the strong adhesion of mussel adhesion proteins to virtually all types of surfaces, including metals, polymers, and inorganic materials. Peptidoglycanhydrolases (PGHs) meet the criteria of a surface bound antimicrobial with their site of action being extracellular peptidoglycan (the structural basis of the bacterial cell wall) that when breached causes osmotic lysis. As a proof of principle, we will develop technology using peptidoglycanhydrolase enzymes that target Staphylococcus aureus, a notoriously contagious and antimicrobial-resistant pathogen. We will test for susceptibility of the coating to a variety of environmental stresses including UV light, abrasive cleaning and dessication. In order to avoid resistance development, we intend to use three unique, synergistic, simultaneous staphylococcal enzyme activities. The hydrolases are modular such that we have created fusion proteins with three lytic activities that are highly refractory to resistance development. It is essential to use multiple simultaneous activities to avoid selecting for antimicrobial resistant strains. This strategy is applicable to both Gram positive and negative pathogens. We anticipate that upon completion of this award the technology will be available for commercialization within the time required to achieve a suitable high volume production scheme for the required enzymes (~1-2 years). We expect the modified surface will remain antimicrobial for several days, and when necessary, the protocol for renewal of the surface will be easily applied in a diverse array of environments, from food processing plants to barnyards.

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